Lan , oct , 2012

Vol.V

Issue No. 02

October, 2012

THA 6 KHUDINGGI PUTHOKPA CHEPHONG

LANTHENGMINNASI EIKHOI

♦ EDITORIA L ♦ NINGTAM LAALHOU MEEYAMNA YEMMOUNARAKPA IHOU ♦ YAWOL AMASUNG LEIBAKKI NINGTAM ♦ CHAOKHATLON: LANTHENGGI WANGULON ♦ CHENG-HEE MANAM AMASUNG NATIONALISM ♦ GUERILLA WARFARE ♦ PHOTO GI LAMAI

aTdWPPlPA aFfUkYs lPxhY KANGLEIPAK COMMUNIST PARTY KCP

LANTHENGMINNASI EIKHOI Tha taruk khudinggi puthokpa chephong

Vol.V, Issue No. 02, 2012, October 20

Aphongba: Department of Information & Publicity Kangleipak Communist Party K C P.

khangle. Maram aduna yawol khongthangda makhoina makha tana khurou “8 LAK SUBA MIYAMGI FINGANG LANMI (MFL) GI MAPOK NUMIT AUGUST 13, 2012 DA MIYAMDA PIJABA YAPHA-PAOJEL”

thangba ngamlaroi, apunbagi yawol khongchat khumang chaosillagani.

Comrade sing, Kangleipak Communist Party na miyamgi ningtamba puraknaba amadi mannaba khunnai lingnaba Communism gi awangba

Ngasi, 2012, August 13 asi ‘Miyamgi Fingang Lanmi’ (MFL)

wakhallonbu thajabaga loinana mipum tingna khangminnanaba sandoklasi.

lingkhatkhibagi 8 lak suba mapok numitni. Kangleipak Communist Party

Asumna miyamda Communist ki wakhallon sandokpaga iroinana

na, lamdamsigi yawol lalhouda Party sigi Lanmi Sanglupki tangaiphadaba

honglakkadouriba awonba khunnaida chunagadaba punsirolgidamak ariba

leirakpadagi Miyamgi Fingang Lanmi (MFL) 2004 gi 13 August ta

lonchatpu singnaduna changsin-gadouriba yawol lalhoubu akanba inot

Churachandpur District ki Chothe Monpi da lingkhatkhi. Numit asi,

hapminnarasi.

Colonialism amasung imperialism dagi ningtamnabagi chap chaba liklamchatki wahanthok piriba 1891 gi Anglo-Manipur war gi

Nungsijaraba Miyamgi Fingang Lanmising, Chinese Communist Party gi

“Athoubasinggi Ningsing Numit”ki thouram leibakna pangthoknaba numit

lanmigi matengnani Chairman ‘Mao’ na China gi ningkha tamba purakpa

amasuni. Asigumba leibakki amadi Party gi maru oikhraba numit asida

ngamkhribasi. ‘Mahakna’ haibiramba, “Leingaklongi pangal saktising asi

Party gi President amadi Military Affairs Committee gi Chairman ama oina

nongmeigi barrel dagi thorak-i. Adubu, nongmeina Party gi maikeibu

Party gi mahut sinjaduna, eina MFL gi laanmising, Party gi Cadre sing,

keidoungeidasu humduna puhalloidabani. Nongmeigi maikeidi Party na

Kangleipakki amadi South East Asia gi Nongchup thangba lamdamgi

lepkadabani”, wapham asi MFL gi mapok numitsida eina ningsingjari.

yawollupsing, loinana iramdamsida khunda-leitaminnariba phurupcha

Miyamda nongmei machin onsinbagi aranba wakhal mityeng thadokpa

pumnamakki maphamda kumsi chahigi yaipha paojel pijari.

ngamdaba, Party bu yeknabada yonthokpa ngamba amadi MFL gi lanmi marakta nungsinadanaba higaiwa touba miwoising Party amasung Lanmi

Ngasidi, KCP, KYKL, PREPAK, PREPAK (Pro), RPF, UNLF & UPPK hairiba

Sanglupki manungda yeptuna yaoribara houjiksu thidokpa mathou tari.

lupsingsina CorCom semminnaduna yawolgi thabak-thouram ayambada

Makhoibu wakhal lousing tahanbaga loinana miyamga Fingang Lanmi

punna-punna changsinminnare. Yawollupsingna amatta oina punsinnabagi

singga achetpa mari mahousagum amuk hanna sagatminnarasi.

lipul phana ningthijana chetsille haiba yare. Asigumba tanpham asida, eikhoigi onna-teinaba maikeida mitou tamdrabadi masagi anouba wakhal mityeng puthokpa heijadaba yawolloi sabasingsu mahei-mahei

Tuhat-neihatpiraba lamdamsigi phurupchasingna Amasung loumi-sinmi miyamna mai paklasanu!

Sd/(Laba Meitei)

chungsinnaduna masa masagi maikhum hangdoktuna asengba masak utthokcharakli, loinana makhoi ngamnamak yeknabagi michangni

President Kangleipak Communist Party & Chairman Military Affairs Committee Miyamgi Fingang Lanmi

phongdokcharakli. Matung tarakpadadi makhoina yawol amadi lupki mingda hanna-hanna miyamda minamba yararoi. Yawolloising amadi yawolloi sabasing anigi khennaba masak ngasidi miyamna mayek sengna Kangla/August 13, 2012.

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EDITORIAL………

“MEEYAMNA NGAIRIBASIDI APUNBAGI TOUBA NGAMBA PAANGGALGI SAPHU UTLAKPADUNI” Lup amagi manungda amasung lupsinggi marakta muknaba kayamarum chennaba haibasi mahousagi lichatni.

Chaokhatlon (Dialectics) gi kanglonda manunggi oiba muknabana khwaidagi maruwoiba muknabani haina sandokna neinei. Lup manunggi amadi lupsinggi marakta leiba muknabasing asi maikei kayadagi oirak-khibagi amadi oirakpa yabagi maram makhal-makha kaya thokna leipham thok-e. Akhang aheisinggi matung inna lup amagi manungda

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amadi lupsinggi marakta leiba muknabagi mapung oiba hourakphamsing adudi:- (i) Data/ Information, (ii) Relationships, (iii) Values, (iv) Structural amasung (v) Interest, hairibasing asini haina phongdoknei. Data/Information haibasida e-pao phaonaba watpa, e-pao laanna laanna amana amada tamsinnaba, loina loinana lup natraga luptin aduga mari leinana paangthokkadaba thabak-thouramsinggi khomjillakpa mari-makhonggi matangda mityeng, wahanthok mannadaba amadi mari-makhong dugi achum-araan, aphaphatta neinarakpada amaga amaga wakhal khennabagi wapham yao-ri. Relationship haibasida akanba pukninggi ihul (emotion), ahongba leitaba matou tamba thabak khuttou (stereotype), aranba e-pao amaga amaga pinaba amasung yawolgi onna-teinaba lamchat-sajat hanjin hanjin chatpa, hairibasing asigi phangpham thokpa mahei sing (results) yaori.

Values haibasida wakhallon (Ideology) gi khennabasing amasung wakhal khanbagi thaak natraga lamchat-sajat ki mamal leppagi machaang onbada maannadaba chennei.

Structural habasida mangam (power) amasung lan-thum natraga wakhal-lousing chaokhat-hannabagi pambeising (Resource) yennabada chang maannadaba amasung chaakyenphiyen phajadabagi maramsing thokhallak-i. Interest haibasidana lan-thum natraga wakhal-lousing chaokhathannabagi pambeising khomjinbagumba masagi kaannanaba touba thabaksingda tasengna hidannaba natraga hidannage khanba yaori.

Mathakta sampat sampatna thamliba maramsing asidagi hourak-khiba muknabasingna henna saatthiba mawongda ollakpa haibasi taangkak naina mathang mathang changsillakkhibani haina UNDP gi makhada malemgi thaakta thijil-humjinbasingna hairi. Taangkaksing adudi:- (i)

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Phamminnaduna khanna-neiba yabagi tangkak (Discussion stage): Taangkak asidadi amana amada ikai khumnana loinei amadi mateng pangnei. (ii) Amaga amaga tokhai tana leinanaba wakhal-mityeng khennaba kaangbu ani thorakpagi taangkak (Polarization stage): Taangkak asidadi kangbusingdu laapthoknare amasung hidannare. (iii) Mapung oiba masa (Body) amadagi tonganba maikei amada chatnanaba kaangbu natraga miwoising khaidokpagi taangkak (Segration stage): Taangkak asidadi amaga amaga ikai-khumnaba thamnadre amasung masa kanjanaba hotnabaga loinana hidannarakle. (iv) Maanghan-taakhanbagi tangkak (Destruction stage): Taangkak asidadi mapung phana yengthinare amadi milaak-mikam (violence) chatthanare.

Masi nattaduna lup natraga luptin adugi wangmada mapaan thokna amana amadagi hengatnaba hidaannabaromda chatthanaragadi eikhoigi miyaamgi aningba-apaambagi maiyoktani amadi yawolgi tasengna oiriba phibhamsing khangna khangna khongkaap henjinna thaangjinbani haina lounarakpasu yai. Mamangthakta tongan tonganna marannai oina masagi mapaanggal kayarak utnakhre. Miyaamnasu ukhre. Ngasi miyamna yengningna amadi thajana ngairibasidi apunbagi thing-ngamloidaba paanggalgi maikei khudingda touba ngamba mangam utlakpaduni. ď‚¨ď€ Editor

Muknabasingna saathiba muknabagi taangkak oirakpagi paring asi eikhoigi ihougi maanglamchatnasu kayarak hanna eikhoida tambiduna laakkhrabani.

Lup natraga luptin semminnaribasinggi amadi nouna yaoraki-ba-singgi marakta thorak-i-ba muknabasing adubu oihallaki-ba amaga amagagi marakta leiriba khennabasing pumba phibham khudingmakta taisinnaduna lup natraga luptin adugi apunba saktam kaaihandana eikhoi khudingmakna eikhoigi laanthenggi paandam phangdriphaoba cheksinna punna chatminnaba haibasi ngasigi sokchillak-i-ba yawolgi amadi leibak khunnaigi phibhamsidadi yaamnamak tangaiphadabani.

Lup natraga luptin gi thabak-thouramsingda amaga amaga manungda hidaannabadi yawolgi khongjel yangkhat-hanbani.

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YAOPHAM-TAKPA A B U S K A L 8

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U O H I M A T G N I N I K K A B I E L

: N O L T A H K O A H C

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N O L U G N A W I G G N E H T N A L

M A N A M E E H G N E H C

E R A F R A W A L L I R E U G

I A M A L I G O T O H P

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M S I L A N O I T A N G N U S A M A

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G N U S A M A L O W A Y

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A P K A R A N U O M M E Y A N M A Y E E M

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U O H L A A L M A T G N I N

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L A I R O T I D E

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A D 2 1 0 2 , 3 1 T S U G U A L E J O A P A H P I A Y A B A J I P A D M A Y I M

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T I M U N K O P A M

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I G ) L F M ( I M N A L G N A G N I F I G M A Y I M 

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g n a w u L l e a h c i M

“NINGTAM LAALHOU MEEYAMNA YEMMOUNARAKPA�

Ngasidagi chahi 60 romgi mamang dagi houna Kangleipakta Ningtam Yawol Laaltheng ama leptana chatharakli haibasi puwarina lengdraba khudam oiri. Nganlingei matam 1977-78 gi matamdadi Yawol Laanmee singna makhoi makhoida chen gadaba chap chaba Yawol laanmee amagi magun du chenduna makhoi - makhoigi toufam thokpa mathou-mangam pangthokpaga loinana Yawol Laalhou asi khumang chaosinna manglomda yangna changsillamkhi.

Hairiba matam asidadi Meeyamna Yawolloisingbu asukki matik

thajana amadi nungsibaga loinnana achetpa maree adu leirammi.

Adubu hairiba tangkak asigi matungdagidi Ningtam Eehou gi luchingba singgi marakta wakhallon khetnarakpana Yawollupsing machoi machoi taraktuna yawol laalthenggi mahutta yawolloi masel khut thanaduna mamal yamlaba yawolloi kaya khanguthakta manghankhiba amadi Yawol gi chatkadaba achumba lambidu uraktaba mallakpa amasung sasinnaba Yawolloi kaya thoraktuna Yawol chumna toujariba asengba Yawolloisinggi mingchat thihanduna lamdamsida lisang sitna chattharakliba Ningtam Yawol Eehou asi kaang-khong chaiba hourakkhi. Asigumba sasinnaba Yawolloi kaya thorakpadagi Yawol eehou gi mingda meecham meeyamda otpa-neiba, meeyamgi mapot-machei munba,yeknabada khut thabagi mahutta meeyamda onsinduna sel kharagidamak bomb langsinduna nongmei kapsinduna meechammeeyamda aki-akhang leihallakpa asina ngasigi Yawol Eehou asi eikhoigi Meeyamna yemmounarakpagi achoubamaram ama ni.

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Amukka henna neinaningai oiribana Indian Constitution gi makhada pangthokpa Election singda Lalhoulup ta yaoramba singna amadi Party gi Frontal organisation gi thabak touriba singna vote leplakpa asini. Masina maram oiraga Lalhoulup sing asi Indian Constitution gi chatna-kanglongi makhada Yawol Eehou touribara haiba wafam thoklak ee. Hairiba meeoising asina Vote leplaklibasi Manipur State Assembly asi Partyna paisinnaba changsillakpa khongjang la natraga masa-masagi imung-manung khakki nungainanaba changlakpa

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programme la haina meeyamna hangnarakpasida Yawol Eehou touriba eikhoina saopham thokpara ? Houkhiba January 28, 2012 da pangthokkhiba XI suba General Election da Yawollup singna thingduna bomb-nongmei gi makhol kaya thokhanduna aki akhang nanghanlabasu mamangda amukfaoba kadriba mawongda Congress na apunba seats 60 gi manungda seats 42 fangkhibagi maram Ningtam Yawol lantheng chathariba singna yamna kupna neinafam thok ee. Meekhal gi result asigi maru oiba maram amadi Yawolloi singna magi magi imung manung mari-mata singbu pangthokkhiba Election adugi maramda mamut tana khanghandabadagi masa-masagi apamba da chattuna machinmanao faobana chagani-thakkani khangdabamakhei Congress ta chen-chongba amadi Party ga samnariba mapan gi meeoising na Election da yaosinbadagini haibada haimanba thokloi. Congress ki mathakta Bomb fana yamna langsillabasu aki-akhang thoina faonakhidabasi Senthou bomb gi akhak-araoda heinakhibadagini.

Kangleipakki khwaidagi chaoba festival ama oiriba Ningol Chakkouba haibasisu tha khudinggi kounaraklabadi masisu masana value adum hantharakpa haibasidi soidrabani. Kangleicha singna laalhoubasingbu thawoiraktaba haibasi laalhoulup eikhoina thok hanjabani haibada haimanba thokloi. Maramdi, Yawol Eehou ga taiwonnaba thabak macha-machasingda yaosinduna Bomb langsilli, masagi sinfam ama oina leiriba Ukil singna toujagadaba Case singdasu Laalhouba singna yaosinduna (channa chunadaba case) Kangleichasingbu aki-tujung faohanba, masigumba asidagi Ukil singna wayenba lakliba Party gi cadre singdubu kayam expert oirabano, makhoidagi henna matik charabara haiba wahang

hangnarakpada natana lalhoubasingsibu lambi lammuknarabara haiba wafam laknarak-e.

Ngasi changsilliba Yawol Lantheng asigi mawong-matou asi neinaraga ningtam-lanthenggi khongjang amani haidana civilian marakta faoba bomb langsillaklagani haina meeyamna machi-machida ngangnaba houraklabani. ngangnarakliba mayamsi yawol eehouna nemthrakpa, peisa khaibagi changna hengatlakpadagini, selthou-bomb amadi wayen-bomb leptuna Ereibak-Eramdam gidamak thawai thadokke haina khalhallakpa ngamgadaba Bomb(political sound)gi attacks oina changsinbana achumba lambel ni haibasi khangminnasi.

Ningtam Yawol Eehoubu meeyamna yemmounarakpagi achouba maram khara : i) Partygi Leader oiramba singna luptagi lapthoktuna meeyam marakta meecham oina leirakpa asina maram oiraga Kangleichasingna “Eikhoigi Mangkhraba Ningtambabu� amuk hanjinnaba Ningtam Lantheng changsilliba asi changsilloidabani/lallamle khangbadagi Partygi Leader singna Yawol Eehou asidagi potharaklibani haina lounarak-e. Masidagi ngasigi meeyamna Ningtam Yawol Eehou asibu thajaba watlak-e. Aduga amuksu houriba yawol eehou asigi political ideology mayek sengna meeyamda khanghanba ngamlaktaba amadi khumang chaosinnaba

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iii) Yaollupsinggi maru oina thou pubasinggi emung manungsing asi leikai amasung khungang singda fidamningai oiba emung erei leiraktaba. iv)Mamanggi Meerolna Yawol Eehou asigidamak touramgadabasing touramdabadagi makoktagi soirakle haibasimadi ngasigi leiriba Party singgi leader singsinadi khangba aduga Soikhiba, lankhiba sing adudi semdokpasu leitaba adugisu mathakta houjik houjik kari tougadage haibagi lambi udare haina meeyamna khalakpa. v) Kangleipak ki oiba collective leadership/leader ( Kangleipak ki Hero) leitaba asina ngasigi meeyamna Ningtam Yawol eehou asi mang lomda changsinba ngamlaroi haina khanbadagi intellectuals singna Yawol Eehou asida thawai hakchang yaona changsinba kirakpadagi natheinarakpa.

Meeyamga amadi Yawolloi singga leinaramba afaba maree adu lapthoknarakpa maramsinggi manungda ama oirakkhi. Masina maram oiraga ngasigi meeyamna thikadar khudingmak laalhoubasingna thadorakpani haina khannarakpadagi thikadar singna quality control toudana sendonggidamak thabak surakpada saba loibada ngairiba School Building amadi Thongna chingba kaya ningkhairaktuna leibak wathok oirakpa. Meeyamna khanjarambana Laalhoubana thadorakpa Contractor singna surabadi Quality yamna leiragani, matam sangna chatlagani haina khanlambadugi onnateinabaromda lakpadagi Laalhoubasinggi thak asi khangnem nemtharakkhi. Masigi mathakta lalhoubasingna thabak sudana sure haijinduna namduna sel louthokpagi chatnabi kaya yaonarakpa, aduga nakal amaromdana laalhouba yaoriba singgi imung – manung kharana hingliba punshi mahingga meecham meeyamgi punshi mahingga asukki matik khetnaba yaorakpadagi Party gi mingda namduna louthokkhiba sel-thum ga maree leinaba manba warising meeyamna ngangnarakpa. vii) Yaollupsingga mari leinaduna mapal da thabak chenba (afongba meewoising) sing asi ayambana leikaina amadi khunna yadaba meeoi oikhatlakpa, partyga tinnariba meesingna thika touba, supply touba hengatlakpa masidagi leijabi thakta peisa paikhatlakpa aduga leikaigi meeyamda wajao suba adugumba meeoising aduna piba pao khaktamak yaollupsinggi leader singna taba yaba khak taba nattana wapham khudingmak lourakpa. masina Yawol khongjangdagi leithoklaga sendan khongjang oina meeyamna urakpa masisu achouba maram amani.

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vi) Ningtambaga selga mantiknaba yade haibasi yaollupsingna kaorakpadagi Supply amadi Contract ta yaosinlakpa asina

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ii) Yawol Eehou gi luchingba oirambasing amadi houjik houjik Yawol Eehousigi Luchingba oiribasinggi macha- masu amadi masamakna India Govt. ki loisang makhada thabak tourakp asina Laalhoubasingsi lambi lammuknarabara natraga makhoina thangjilluba lambel asi laalle haiba khanglakpadagi khongfam handoraklabara haina meeyamda chingnahanbagi machak ama oirak-e.

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thabak thouram paikhatpagi hotnaba amata uraktaba asina amukka henna yawol eehousi lalle haibasi chumlaboi ninghalli.

Mathakta pijariba point kharasi neinabada thoraklibadi Eehousi meeyamnadi yadaba natte, Meeyamsu Yawol Eehou haibasidi toudraba sukya-mak yadraba achumba khongthang amani haibasini.Yawol Eehou gi mingda Yawolloi amadi Yawolloisingga samnaribasingna masagi kannanaba namfu-hafuda toukhiba thabak sing adugi reaction na ngasigi meeyamna Yawol Eehou asidagi natheirakkhi , madudagi Meeyam amasung yaollupsinggi marakta chaona Communication Gap (Trust Deficit) leirakpana maram oiduna meeyamgidamakni haina yaollupsingna loukhatlakpa thabakta meeyam yaoninglaktabani, meeyamna eehou asibu apamba leibadagi matam asuk yamna sangbasi meeyamgi marakta leiba ngamlaklibani. aduna party na kadaida soiribage kadaida soikhare haibasi yenglaga meeyamgi apambadu mayek sengna khangdoklaga

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ix) Houjikki matamsida houriba ehou khudingmak si afaba research, afaba analysis amadi achumba assessment da yumfam oibagi mahutta yawolloi sasinabasingga mannaba sarukna yamlakpa, khetnaba sarukna hantharakpana mayamna animaksi chap manna urakpana Asengba yawolloi singdagi meeyamna lapthorakpa.

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viii) Party mayam asina magi magi meechang khombada sel-thum thadabagi chatnabi leirakpa, Meira paibi amasung nupi kaya mapangi lup yaonanaba government ka mannaba maongda loan peisa thadanarakpa. Mameidadi peisa hek yaodribamakhei thabak tou haiba yaraktaba. Pukchel sengna kanagumbana tourabasu atoppana madi kannaba fangdana touribani eidi kannaba fangdana karigi toujarudage haiduna leithorakpana meeyam maraktasu machete machet kaiba hourakkhi.

thabak amuk chat-thaba ngamlabadi khwaidagi mai pakpa eehou ama oigani.

Ningtam eehou khudingmak yamna waba, khudong thiba kaya meeyamna thengnagani. Adubu eehouduna kanglon chumna meeyamda vision ama piduna houba eehoudi khaangba yaba khaangduna(resist) chatli.Irang leiba lamdadi,lamdugi Govt. aduna meeyambu makhoigi khutta leinaba hotnaba nattragana namsinduna thamba haibasi masana tabani ahanbada otpa yaba otpa, fuba yaba fubani masina oiba yadraga athum ahao pijaduna themba asini(carrot and stick measures) Aduna yawolloi eikhoina anti people oiba thabakti toufam sukthok thokte.

Meeyambu thajahanaba louthup loukoi yaodaba pukchel sengna kathokpa amaga loinna eehou changsinfam thok-i haina khalli.

Meeyambu yeknaba oina udaba matamda meeyamgi thajaba fangani khalli. haibadi thabak khudingmakta transparency leihanba changle.

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Leibak ki issue (National issue) singda saruk yanabagi mahutta Party singna issue munnabana maram oiraga meeyamna participate touramba adu chamamnarakpadagi Yawol Eehou da thajaba watlak-e. Aduna apunba ama saagatpa matamda masa gi interest ta meeyambu chingsilloidabani. Masina eikhoigi meeyamda selkhai nungainabagidamak punba (cosmetic joint committee) oina meeyamna lounaraktaba natte. Ngasigi meeyamna hainari ani thoktrabadi yadare haina masi Chumdabadi natte, leibaksida thabak ama toubada ani thoktaba natraga chayetnadababu kari yaoribage??

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Eikhoigi Meeyamna punlo – punlo haibadagi eikhoi pullibani haina haigadra! Natrga Eikhoi masel pundrabadi Yawol Eehou asi khumang chaosinba ngamlaroi khangnabadagi pullibani haigadara?

Meeyamna haibadagi punba oiragana meeyamna meerakta bomb langsin biganu haina wakat meefam famnaraklaba faobada eikhoina toktribasina karigi? Masidagi hendoktuna Peace Talk touro natraga laan tokpiro hairakpa matamda eikhoi meeyamna haiba engadra ?

Party masel pundrabadi yararoi haibadagi punbani hairagana karigi eikhoi masel thamoi sengna kathoknadriba !!!

Loisillakpada haijaningbadi meeyam gee apamba khudingmak eikhoina neinadringeida hanna touroidabara haibasini amadi meeyam hupna yaroidaba thabak – thouramsingdi sungtou toufam thokte.

Ngasidi amana amabu mateng pangnaduna chap mannaba apunba wakhallon ama sagatminnaduna anouba lanjang ama changsinduna meeyamda khanghanba ,uhanba mathou tare.

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Ningtam eehou houriba luchingbasingna masagi mathoudang khangdana asengba yawolloi sasinnaduna leisinaba haibasi yeknabana thajillakpa spy amagumbani, makhoisi Ningtham eehou asigidi reactionary amani. British gi prime minister oiramba Harold Macmillan na mahak leipak ki mapi mapani haiba kaorakpadagi Russia na tharakpa spy amagumna mahakna Russia da atomic affair ki matangda pao pithokpagi damak British parliament na warep louduna phakhibagum ningtam laalhou tousinnariba Leader singsu Kangleicha singna pharaklaga waraklakloi hainingai leite .

“YAWOL AMASUNG LEIBAKKI NINGTAM IHOU”

“Yawol (Revolution)/Leibakki Ningtam Ihou ( National Liberation Movement, ) amagi Yawolloising/Yawol Lanmising (Revolutionaries) pumnamak micham miyamgi miyengdadi houriba ihou adugi luchingba/lamjingba ngaktani; makhoina/mahakna miyamgi thajaba manghandana nak-yet, tung-mang khonna chatpaga loinana thak-kha khangna miyambu ikai khumnabigadabani”.

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(a) Malemgi tongan tonganba liebaksing amadi phurupsing asigi tongan-tonganba leingaklon (administrative system), chatnalonchat (culture) amasung laining-laison ( religion) sing leijei.

Asigumba leingaklon, chatnariba khunairol amasung karigumba meeyamna piriba ithil/safu aduna anouba yawol ama puraklabadi madubu anouba yawol ( revolution) kouba yai. Khudam oina hairabada , (a) Malemgda leibak amagi leingak kanglonda (Politiical Revolution, haibadi, Changing the Political Values) achouba ahongba pikhiba Revolution sing khara panba tarabadi, Russian Revolution , French Revolution, Industrial Revolution, Chinese Revolution amasung American Revolution asinachingba panba yai. (b) Cultural Renaissances, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity amasung Islamism na malemgi ariba chatna kangalonda ahongba kayamarum pikhi, houjik malem da Western Europe amadi America na Malemgi thaakta ahongba chatna kanglon ama yamna kanna sandokpasi malemgi oiba yawolgi ihou amani.

Leibakki Ningtam Ihou: Malemgi (World) gi leiriba leibaksing, khunai amsung phurupsinggi marakta achouba amasung akanba leibaksingna apikpa amadi asonba leibaksingbu tuhat-neihapibadagi akaknaba boundary amagi manungda leiba, haibadi, akaknaba Leiyi gi pankhei manungda leiba leibak (Definite Geographical area) amagi miyamna achouba leibak

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Yawol (Revolution):

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Yawol amsung Leibakki Ningtam lhou ani asigi wahanthok asi hairap mannaba mallagasu nunggi wahanthokti yamna khetnei.

adugi maiyokta maromdom hingjanaba/lepchanabagi houba ihou adubu Leibakki Ningtam Ihou haina kahangnagani. American War of Independence, Indian National Independence Movement, Chinese War of Independence, Bangladesh War of Independence, asinachinba khudam oina panba yai. Leibakki Ningtam Ihou gi khwaigi maru oiba panthungdi arieba pambeising sijinnaduna loilam leingaknungdagi nanthoklaga akaknaba lei-yi pankheida leiriba miyamna top-topna marondom hingjaba adubini. “Achoubana/akanbana tuhat-neihatpiraba leibak amagi ningtambabu karigumba pambei amana hanjinhanba/purakpa ngamba tarabadi adugumba pambei aduna ningtam yawol ihougi achumba chatkadaba lambi (Ideology) oipham thok-i. Marxism dagi houraga masidagi mapung marei pharak-khiba Leninism amasung Maoism na chingba top-toppa Communist Ideology da yumpham oiba ningtamba phangnabagi lambi kaya leikhre.

Amaromdana, American Revolution da George Washington gi ideology, Indian freedom Movement da Gandhian thought amasung African Freedom Struggle da Nelsion Mandela gi Line asinachingba kaya amasu leiri. Manipur gi ningtamba yawol ihou mai paknabagidamak karam-karamba pambei sijinnagadage haibadu khangba haibasi ngasidi tangai phadaba wapham ama oiraklabani.

Ningtam Ihou aisigi panthung phangbada lamdamsigi esingnungsitka chunaba khwaidagi oithokkadaba pambeising adu thiba tabani. Aduna leibakki ningtamnabagi pambei thiba haibasina primary oina louba theory ama thiminnaba natraga puthokpa haibasina eikhoigi achumba khongthang oipham thok-i.

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Samlappa Manipurgi Ningtam Yawol Ihou paring

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Manipur Ningtam Yawol ihougi lamyanbani haibagi icham chamba paokhumdi , ing kumja 1947-1949 phaobada Manipur na maning tamna leiramba matam khara aduda Manipur Constituent Assembly da miyamgi mikhalda yaoduna vote Kaduna miyamgi oina phongna leirambadagi 1949 da Manipur namduna India da tinsinkhibadagi India Govt. gi mayokta Khullai paiba Red Guard Army semgatuna Manipur ning tamba hanjinnabagidamak mapal lamga mari semgatpa chatpada Myanmar (Burma) gi Tangbo khunda 1951 da manung matam chadana punsi lomkhi haibasimadi kakpa yadraba waphamni. 1949 dagi houna Manipur gi Ningtam Yawol Ihou gi tangkak ama houre haibada yetnaningai thoina leitre haina luo-jei. Hijam Irabot amasung mahakki punshi, mahakki thabakki thouram pareng hangkatna yengluragadi mahak yamna Dynamic oiba matik mangam leiba amasung miyeng saanba miyamna yaba Ningtam Yawol gi luchingbani amadi lamyanbani.

Irabot na leikhidraba tungda Ing kumja 1952-53 da Manipur Nationalist Party na miyam mangda phongna Merger bu yadaba, ningtamlamba Manipur gi ningtamba hanjinnaba ihouda, Ching amasung tamgi luchingba kaya phajinbagi tangkak amsu leikhre.

Houjik phaobada pumnamakna yanaribasi Ing kumja 1960 hougatlakpada, Communist lalhou gi hek mathangda Meitei State Committee na khulai paibagi lal toukhi haibasini. Wangkheimayum Tomba gi Meitei State Committee gi National Liberation Movement asida meewoi 100 romna saruk yakhi. Masigi matungda UNLF na amuk ningtambagi meiri chukhattuna 1964 dagi Ningtam ihou chat-tharakpna Manipur da ningtam ihou houjik-houjik changsilliba lupsinggi manunda mapung oiba lup ama oiduna ngasisu leiriba asini.

UNLF ki matungdagidi tongan-tonganba lup: PLA, PREPAK,

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Manipur gi ningtam yawol ihou asi Ing kumja 1949 dagi leirakle.

Ngallingeidadi hairiba matam asidagi Manipur gi yawol ihou hourakkhi amasung hourak-khiba natte haibagi chayetnaba kaya leirammi. Karam Manimohon na iba “Hijam Irabot Singh & Political Movements in Manipur”haiba lairik adugi page 213 da ingkumja 1947 gi India amasung Manipur na ningtam-lakkadaba khajikta ngairaba matamda Irabot na Manipur India da tingadara/tilloidra haibasigi matangda, 1947 ki June da Manipur State Congress ki President R.K. Bhubonsana da ekhiba chithi ama yaori. Maduda asumna iri, “After India has won her independence let the people decide the questions on how Manipur should be merged in any Province, or whether she should remain aloof from India.” 1980, September 30 da Khollao Chephong da Manipur gi MP amana iba “In the History” kouba article amada Hijam Irabot na “Right of Self Determination” thabakta onthokpa pamlammi haina iri. Prof. Gammumei Kammei na History of Modern Manipur 1826-1949 page 165 da asumna iri, “After the departure of British (he) Irabot wanted an independent Manipur with full responsible government elected by the people, with the king remained as constitutional head”. Soyam Chhatradhari gi Manipur gi Itihasta Irabot ,1972 da Irabot na mama leibakki ningtamba pamba , meereibak mayang leibak Bharat na loi chanba yadaba oina (page 61,67,68) iri. Manipur gi akhang ahei-asingggi apunba miyeng yengluraga 1949-1951 gi tangkak amada Irabot ki liching makhada Manipur Communist Insurgency, khullai paibagi lalhoudu, malemgi National Liberation Movement ki manung challi lounari (Prof. N Sanajaoba Meeyoibagi Hak 21 Suba Chahi-cha, Page 192,193). Pumnamak asigi mathakta Irabot asi ahaanba

maram oiraga miyamna Manipur gi ningtam lalhou asibu hanggoinarakkhibani. Ngasidi lalhouba leibadagi khwaidagi senja-thumja (Corruption) touba lamdam haibadu Manipur oire. Maramdi lalhoubagi percentage loubagi mingda Deparment khudingmakta angakpa phangna senja thumja tounari, miyamda youpham thokpa selpham tangkhai amadi official kangbuna mat-houre. Amaromdana, lalhouba saba Govt. ki CDO (Police Commando) kangbu kangbu amadi lahouba saba miyam maraktagi kanggu-kanggu thoklaktuna ningtam yawol ihougi mingda senkhai-lup kaya semjinduna miyamdagi namphuda senkhai thumkhai chatharakli.

Pumnamak asi yawolloisingna yawolloi amagi tougadaba mathou touraktabadagini haining-i. Yawolloisingna arangarak kharada mit thak-kattuna amadi masagi oija-oithak tanbada ngaokhiba thoklabadi eikhoigi yawol ihou asi India gi nakoinaba capitalism gi khayatnungda masa mathanta maromdom chongsinduna sijabaga pangkhak oirakani.

Yawolloi khudingmak micham miyamdadi luchingbani amasung lamyanbani. Luchingba amada chenpham thokpa matik-mangam khara panjaba tarabadi :(a) Hanba leitaba thouna (unwavering courage): Masi yawolloi amagi khangba amasung pak-chaoraba lousing amasung mahakki thabakki thourangsing adugi makha polli. Thouna leitaba masana masabu thajaba watpa mina keidoungeidasu miyambu amadi mahakki tunginbasingbu laksinba amasung chingduna puba ngamlloi, marousing leiba heithoi-singthoiba mioisingna magi matung kuina induna leiroi.

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1990 dagina houjikphaobasidadi madu oiraktare yawolloisingna miyamdagi peisa khairaga masa-masagi phuritkhaoda hapchinnarakpa, mayum-makei wangnawangna sagatnarakpa amadi mari-mata, machin-manaosing da thika touhanduna peisa(money) talhanba, Govt.ki thabak loubada machin-manao kaya Minister/Officer singda kihallaga thabak hapchilakpa, India dagi Manipur da pusillakpa pollam kayagi Supply kihallaga nongmei chidonda louba, achouachouba Project kayagi thika louduna sel tallakpa, mayumda leihouba nupi-angangsingna chaorakna lamdamsigi inak khunba imung amana setpa-chaba ngamnadaba sana-lupa siba, loinana tongba ngamnadaba gari tongkhatlkpa, masina

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1970-90 da, matamdugi yawolloi/yawollupsingna miyamdagi senkhai-thumkhai namphu haphuda kihallagga phaoba lourabasu miyamna yawoloisingbu nungsina ikai khumnarammi. Maramdi matamdudadi Naharol (Yawolloi) na peisa lakpa/khaiba pumnamak leibakki ningtam yawol ihougi thabak thourasingda sijinnei haina miyamna ukhi amadi khankhi.

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KCP, KYKL ,UPPK, PREPAK (Pro) nachingba mathang-mathang thoklaklibasini. Hairiba lupsing asiga iroinana ningtam yawol ihougi mingda tongan-tonganba senkhai-lup macha-macha masing thingamdana ching amasung tamda thoklak-khre. Asigumba senkhai-lupsing asina achouba maram ama oiduna Yawol ihou bu miyamna terrorist ki thouwong oina urakkhibani. Manipur gi miyamna Yawol ihoudagi thaptokna leinabagi maramsu masina ayamba oirak-khibani.

(d) Soidaba warep oihanba (definiteness of decision) : Kanagumba Yawolloi amana warep loubada sonba haibasi msana masabu tougadaba thabak adu khangdabani. Aduna mahakna mahakki khongloisingbu amadi miyambu mai pakna luchingba ngamoi. (e) Akaknaba thourang (definiteness of plans): Asengba Yawolloi amana touba thabak khudingmak ningthina thourang touraga paikhatkani. Kanagumba yawolloi amana plan yaodana thabak tourabadi mahak adu cheingak yaodana hi honba misak amaga pangkhakni. (f) Manadagi Thabakna henna toubagi heinabi thamba (the habit of doing more than paid for): Miyamna mathou taba

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(c) Yamna heisingna achumba wayel-thouda pangthokpagi wakhal leigadabani (A keen sense of justice): Yawolloi amada fajaba amadi achumba wayel-thouda pangthokpa ngambagi wakhal lousing leitrabadi yawolloi amatana mahakki matungda leppiroi, miyambu mahakki wakhal paringda thabakki sintha piba ngammoi amsung ikai khumnaba manglakkani.

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(b) Masabu khudum chanjaba(Self-Control): Masana masbu warakchaba ngamdaba yawolloi /luchingba amana keidoungeida mibu warakpa ngamoi. Isana isabu khudum chanba ngamba matamda loinaidaba wakhal lousing mapung marei pharaba misak ama oirakkani, miyamna amadi makha thaba khongloi mayamna magi yaka yenglakkani lousing singlaba miwoi kaya laksinba ngamlakkani.

apambadagi mahakna henna touba tai. Miyamna karigumba maran siraklabadi haraona yajabagi thouna leigadabani. (g) Top-toppa magun chenba mee (Pleasing Personality): Yawolloi ama haibashi yamna thouna leiba micham miyambu chingduna migi pungningbu sumhatpa ngambagi, miyamda mapung phana touriba thabak thouramsing adugi maramda liba ngamba meesak oigadabani. (h) Minungsi chenba amasung munna khangba (Sympathy and understanding): Asengba Yawolloi amada mahakki thammoida miyamgidamak minungsi phaogadabani. Masigi mathakta miyamgi wathok-lanthok, awa-ana (Problems) khudingmak yamna munna khanggadabani. (i) Sugaina warol piba mapung phana phajana thamba heiba (Mastery of details): Matik chabaYawolloi amana Yawol gi phibam / masak adu miyamda sugaina takpa ngamgani. (j) Punna thabak touminnaba (cooperation): Yawolloi amana khanggadabadi mahak miyamga khutsamnaduna chatpagi lichat amadi heinabi leigadabani, miyamga punna thabak touminnarakpa matamda, apunbagi thouna aduna mahakki amadi miyamgi panthung adu youba ngamgani . Yawolloisingna Manipur gi ningtam ihougi panthungidamak pangal thouna lousing chang-e, asigumba panggal thouna luosingidamak miyamgi cooperation changi.

Yawol khongchat maning hallakpagi maru-oiba maram khara:

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3. Miyamna yengliba miyengsi karino kangba ngamdaba (lack of sense to understand people’s view): Ngasigi ayamba yawolloi singna miyamna makhoida karamna yengli makhoibu karamba thakta thammi haibasi khangba ngambagi panggal asi asukki matik hanthakhare.

4. Fearness to each other: Manipur miyamgidamak chongthorakeba yawollupsing amaga amaga yengsinnei, aduna yawolloising amana ambu thajanade/kinei, makhoida punna chatminnaduna thabak touminnabagi heinabi leite.

5. Masagi oijaba thiba (Selfishness): Miyamgidamak thorakliba yawolloising asi ngasidi masagi oija-oithak thibagi oina yaonarakpa, miyamgi khanba yawolloi changchatta sukyao yaoraktaba yawolgi mingda sen-khaiba aduga mayumgi nungainaba sem-saba madu ngakta oirakle.

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2. Pukchel sengna thabak touningdaba (unwillingness to render humble service): Khwaidagi maru woiba yawol lichatti miyamgidamak siba kidana katthokpa, miyamgi yaiphanaba toubani, miyambu ikai khumnana chatpaduni. Adubu ngasigi yawoloisinggi lichatti asum asum masigi onna teinaba oirakli.

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1. Masana touriba thabak adu munna khangba ngamdaba (Inablity to recognize his positions of details): Ngasi Manipur gi yawoloisingna masana yawolloi ama oiraga yawolgi nunggi oiba ichel( inner knowledge of revolution) yamna sugaina mamut tana khangdabana masing yamli.

6.Kahenba lichat (Intemperance): Miyamna yawolloisinggi yamna tamthiba lichat pu keidoungeidasu ikai khumnade. Nolukpana yawolloi amagi asengba masak oigadabadu miyamna hingcha yaitmba oina lounarakli.

7. Miyambu luna khallaktaba (Disloyalty): Yawolloi amana yawol ihoubu thousaraktaba, miyamgi ikai khunaba leiraktaba asina yawoloi singna nongma-nongma gi sontharaklibani. Miyambu luna khalaktaba, mareileibak ninglaktaba haibasi yawol khongchat maithraknabagi achouba khongthangni.

Khunnaigi asengba lanmi amasung asengaba yawolloi Khunnaigi asengba lanmmi ama haibasi thoidok hendokna khangheiba meesak oigadabani, mapung oina masana thijin-homjinjaduna khangnaba hotnajagadabani, loinana khunnaigi oiriba fibam adu yamna munna khangba amasung malemgi meewoibana hingnariba mawong asisu munna khangba oigadabani. Mahakna meeyamda yawolgi achumba masak adu sugaina liba ngamba oigadabani.

Mahakna asengba yawolgi lichat mapung phana meeyamda youhanba ngamlaba matam aduda achumba amasung chaokhatpa pamba meewoi kaya thoklaktuna mahakki mateng panglakkani.

Mahakna fana yamna charang khoirangnaba kaya maiyoknarabasu wakhalon pomit kaya puthoktuna meeyamgi yaningdabadu khangdoktuna yawolgi pandam adu fangnaba hotnagadani.

Mahakki thouna pumnamak loikhrabasu yeknabagi mafamdadi mahakki khudong chaba matam ngaiba oina uhan-gadabani.

Keidongeidasu mahakki, haibadi, masagi thajaba mangba meesak ama oiroidabani. Mahakna leikhidraba thawaisingidamak loinaidaba

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ikai khumnaba amasung mahakki achumba yawol ihouda mateng pangliba miyamda thoidokna toubimal khangba utkadabani.

Mahakna e-kheng sinthakhiba marupsing lanfamda kaode ,mateng panglakpasing mangonda amuk nisingduna hainarubagi mathou tade, Mahakna madu matam khudingmakta ningsingduna lei, mahakna sungshoi soidana mangonda pirakpa amasung fanglakpa kannabasing khudingmak pumnamakta chap manna yenthok-e .

“CHAOKHATLON: LAANTHENGGI WANGULON (Dialectics: The Philosophy of Struggle)�

Chaokhatlon (dialectics) haibasi Marx amadi Engels na khumang chaosilhallamba amasung Soviet amadi China gi yawolna makha tana khara henna amuk mapung marei phaana pukhatlamba ahongba amasung chaokhatpa puraknabagi wangulon (philosophy) ni.

Senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalist system) na karamna thabak pangthok-e aduga masigi mutkhiba yabagi asonbasingdu kari karino haiba khangnabagidamak chaokhatlon (dialectics) haibasi maru oikhraba khutlai amani. Masi, ngasi (June, 2009)

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Chaokhatlon (dialectics) ga samnaba khwaidagi maru oiba wakhalda sagatpa saktam (concept) di maiyoknabasing (opposites) gi apunba amasung lantheng (struggle) haibasini.

Masida hairibasi potsak ani nattraga mathang manao naina chatthariba thouwong singgi samnaba, aduga amaga amaga ayetpa pinaba aduni. Asigumba makhalgi maiyoknabasing (opposites) na amatta oinasu leiba (unity) aduga makhoigi marakta lantheng (struggle) chatthaba asibu “muknaba gi Chaokhatlon� (dialectics of contradiction) kou-e.

Atom amagi manungda force singna chingsinnaba amasung thaktoknabagumna muknaba haibasi mapham khudingmakta mahousana adummak thok-e. Senjao-tanba sing (capitalists) na hidannaba haibasina keithel da makhoi masengi marakka amana amadagi hengatnaba hotnabada thorak-e-ba muknabagi amaga amaga leinaba mariduni. Leibak amagi potthok-chathoksing amasung sinmising khudum chansinduna thamnaba amasung sendong khwaidagi henna phangnabagidamakka amana amadagi henba tannariba tongan tonganba imperialist leibak singgi senjaotanba sing (capitalists) na hidannaba haibasi makhoigi marakka amaga amaga muknaba lei haibani. Sinmi kanglupki ihou (working class movement) da leibakki ahongba puraknaba akanba laanjang changsillibasingga leibakki apunba khongjang aduda thajadabasingga nattraga khunnaibu semdok-sadokpadamak pambasingga khunnaigi anouba yawol ama purakpa pamba singga asigumba leisemlongi oiba muknaba (political contradiction) sing loina loinana laining-laisol, sak-chu khennabagi oiba, amasung leibakki oiba muknaba sing, asinachingba thorak-e.

Muknaba singna Ahongba Thokhalli (Contradictions Cause Change)

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Muknaba (contradiction) sing asi maru oi maramdi masina potsingda ahongba leihalli. Muknaba (contradiction) gi nakal anigi manunggi oiba mang-tung chingnabagi lanthengna ahongba thorak-e, amasung ahongbadubu akaknaba maikei amada lamjing-e. Senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) na hek leirimakhei sinmi amasung senjao-tanba sing (workers & capitalist) anigi marakta leiriba muknaba (contradiction) na senjao tanba khunai (capitalist

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Senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (Capitalist system) da, khwaidagi maru oiba chaokhatlongi oiba muknaba (dialectical contradiction) haibasi sinmi kanglup (working class) amadi senjao-tanba kanglup (capitalist class) anigi marakta leiriba ungkhatnaba (confict) amadi maiyoknaba anisina amakhakta oina punna leiminnaba (unity) asini, masidagi khara henna laiba khunnai manungda thengnaba khudam sing leiri. Basket ball sannaba haibasi panjal ama channadringei manungda team ani naak naak lepnaduna, loinana nakal amana ngakthoknaba sanaduna amadi atoppa amadubu tungda thamamnaba hotnaduna sannaminnabagi apunbada maiyoknaba sanaroi team anigi marakta leiba muknaba (contradiction) amani.

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Maiyoknabasing gi Apunba: Chaokhatlongi Yumpham (The Unity of Opposites: The Basis of Dialectics)

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thengnariba thoudok-wathok kharabu chaokhatlon (dialectics) gi yumpham oiba wakhal (idea) da pansillaba wareng amagi wahoudokni.

Asigumba yerum mawong manba (elliptical) khongchat asi amana manglomda chumdring hongdana chatnaba, amana numitlomda laknaba hotnabada maikei animakta chatnaba maiyoknaba anigi machat singna muknabadagi oirakpani.

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Muknaba (contradiction) singna lambi ama semjei, lambiduda makhoina masa maromdom chatchaba ngammi haina Marx na irammi. Maiyoknaba nakal singna chainabadi asumna nemtharakkani haina makhoina oihanjarakliba khongchatki maion masana takchei. Khudam oina, tha, thawanmichak singna numitki akoibada koina chatpagi khongchatki maramda Marx na sandokna hairammi.

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society) dubu wathok-lanthok amasung yawol lomda insillak-e.

Basket ball sannabada team anigi marakta leiba muknaba (contradiction) na team anidubu mating phudoktuna henna kanna sannahallak-e. Atom amagi manungda leiba muknaba (contradiction) na atom dubu henna pikpa atom sing oina thugairakpa ngamhalli.

Muknabasing asi Wakheirak-e (Contradiction Become Resolved) Muknaba (contradiction) singna ahongba purak-e, adubu muknaba (contradiction) sing asi tung koina khak leiroi. Matamgi matung inna muknaba (contradiction) pumba wakheirakkani, haibadi, maiyoknaba (opposite) singgi muknaba (contradiction) adu lepkhigani. Basket ball sannabada Buzzer na makhol ama pirakpa matamda panjal amagi sanaba adu loire amasung muknaba (contradiction) adu mathanggi pajal ama sannadriphaobagi oina wakheire. Adumnadi oiraga ayamba muknaba (contradiction) singdi asigumba mawongda hekta loisinde. Senjao-tanba gi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) gi makhada chathaba kanglupki lantheng (class struggle) dadi ahouba amadi aroibagi matam taknaba Referee yaode. Senjao tanba khunaigi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) gi muknaba (contradiction) di senjao tanba khunaigi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) leitraba matamdata loikhigadabani.

Senjao tanba khunaigi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) manghankhinaba chatharakpa thabakki paring (process) singda, anouba muknaba sing amuk thorakkani. Muknaba (contradiction) sing wakheikhraba matamdasu, anouba muknaba (contradiction) sing amuk matam khudingmakta semgatlakkani.

Muknabasingna Mapung-marei Phagatlak-e (Contradictions Develop) Chaokhatlon (dialectics) gi khwaidagi hek maru oiribadi muknaba (contradiction) singna muknaba (contradiction) ama loikhibaga matung tarakpada karamna chathabage haibasini. Senjao-tanba

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laantheng (struggle) na makhoigi oirakliba phibhamdugi henna maru oiba akhannaba maikei oirak-e. Masi Lenin na maruoina hairamba wapham amasu oiribani madudi “Maiyoknaba (opposite) singna … punna leiminnaba (unity) haibasi phibhamgi matung innani, matam kharagi oibani, langon-langdaigi oinani, mari leinabanani.

Muknaba (contradiction) singna henna mapung-marei phagatlakpada amasung magi khongchattachingnapham nattraga chamamnapham amatta hek leitaba (absolute) gumna, amaga amaga totsinnadaba maiyoknaba singgi laantheng (struggle of mutually exclusive opposites) sisu chingnapham nattraga chamamnapham amatta leitaba (absolute) oi.

Sendonggi Selha Haitharakpa (The Falling Rate of Profit) Marx na taaklamba achumba maram singgi manungda ama pallabada senjao-tanba gi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) gi muknaba (contradiction) na machin thourakpagi machatlomda laklibasi sendonggi selha (rate of profit) na haitharakpasini. Masina

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Tasengnamak, senjao-tanba gi chatnarol uchan(capitalism) gi muknaba (contradiction) di asigumba mawongda thabak chathade.

Ungkhatnaba (conflict) du mapanda phongna puthoktuna amasung makhoigi chakthung henna phangnaba haanna semduna, makhoina chaokhat-thourang paikhatkadoubagum amasung henna pakthokchaothokhallakpagum tourak-e. “Tang-du leitana punna hingminnaba” (peaceful co-existence) gi lambisidi araanbani maramdi masina muknaba (contradiction) dugi maiyoknaba (opposite) nakal anidu punna leiminnaba haibasikhaktada saphu pi, aduga makhoigi laantheng (struggle) duda pukning changde.

Adum oinamak, mapung phaana matam saangna hotnarakpagi maheina muknaba (contradiction) ayamba chatharakliba muknabagi thabak singdu henna khongjel yangsillak-e, amasung

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singbu sougatpa sing (pro-capitalists) nattraga mapung oiba wakhallol hongdokpa paamba (revisionist) singna muknaba (contradiction) amagi maiyoknaba (opposite) nakal animak punna tang-du leitana matam kuina hingminnaba yai haina hai. Union gi haanna chatharakkhiba thouwong singga mannadaba achouba ahongba semdokpa kayana sinmi (workers) singna senjao-tanba sing (capitalists) ga chainaroidabani, “Leingak chupli paibada saruk yaminnaba” yai haiba araanba wakhallolda tengbangsanduna sintha leppa wakat (strike) singda ninghannahalli amasung Corporate Board singna lourakpa phirep singda hekta yathok-e. Ngasi thengnariba senjao- tanba gi selmitki oiba wathok (capitalist economic crisis) sina sokchillaklaba matamdadi malemda singthanariba Obama amasung Villaraigosa gumba leingakloisingna “Eikhoi loinamak masida pullibani,” amasung “Kathokpada saruk yaminnaba” haibasi yaninggadabani haina laori.

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Sengdonggi selha (rate of profit) haitharaklibadu menkhatnabagi, sinmi (worker) singgi khutsumal hanthana pibagumba makhalmakha kayagi mawongda senjao tanba (capitalist) singna hotnaba yai. Senjao- tanba (capitalist) singna masi hekta pangthokpa ngammi, nattraga haannana khutsumal hongduna leiraba Khathangba US, Mexico, nattraga Asia gumba mapham singda makhoina makhoigi potthok puthoknabagi mapham hongdokpa yai.

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hairibadi thadakhiba senpham khudingda sendonggi selha (rate of profit) na ahenba matamgi thabak suhanbadu henna pikthana phangbaromda naksillak-e haibani. Hidannabana maram oindua, senjao-tanba (capitalist) khudingmakna maga naknaba amadagidi henna mamal hongthana potsing puthoknaba hotnarakkani.Senjaotanba (capitalist) singna marannai oina pothok henna puthokpa ngamgadabasinsarol (technology) houdoktuna, maduna sinmi singgi masing hanthahanduna pothok puthokmal (production cost) hanthahalli. Atei senjao-tanba (capitalist) singsu namphuda masana hairiba thaak asiga mannana chatpa tarak-e. Khutsu-khutlai (machinery) da chading ka henna chaona touba haibasina sengdonggi selha (rate of profit) tatharakpagi maru oiba maram ama oiriba: sinmi singgi suba-nombadagi peisa pumnamakki karakphamni haibasigi wahanthok pirak-e. Senjao-tanba (capitalist) singna sinmi singna phangjariba khutsumaldagidi makhoina su-nommiba thabakki kaannamalna helhanduna, sendong sing adu sinmi singgi humangmal khaktadagi phanglibani. Sinmi singna thabakti sukhraba aduga senjao-tanba singna khutsumaldi pibidaba masibu “surplus value� kou-e, amasung masi sendong, sendoi amadi asaalmangi soidraba karakphamni.

Khudam oina, US ki gari saaba (automaker) singna Mexico amadi Brazil da car sing amasung car part sing matam kuinadagi saduna lakli. Masina hairibadi, makhoina adugumba leibak singduda khutsumal hongbadagi sinmi sing nekpa ngamkhibata nattana, US ki sinmi singna sujaramba thabak sing adusu potthok puthokpham hongkhibadagidi thabak phanglaroi haibagi kihanba ama pirakpasina US ki sinmi singda khutsumal hanthana pibadasu mateng oi haibasini.

US manungda senjao-tanba singna atonba phurup singbu thabak kaa henna suhanduna, sinmi kanglupki saruk amada tamthina tuhattuna, khudam oina, thabakki thoina hei-singba mathou tadaba hourakngeigi sinsang (basic industry) singda khul honglakpa sinmi (immigrant worker) singgi masing asum asum hengat-handuna khutsumal hanthahalli. Atoppa company singda ataba mamalda potthok puthokhalliba company sing, non-union shop singna masi ataak-aphongnana touribamakni. Asigumba ahongba kayasina 1970 gi paringdagi houna khutsumalda masak thokna haitharakli amasung sinmi singna phanglamba khudongchaba sing kaktharakli.

Pakthok-chaothorakliba sinmi sing amasung senjao-tanba sing (workers & capitalist) anigi muknaba asi ngasi thoklibasenmitlolgi wathok (economic crisis) asida uba phang-e. Senjao tanba (capitalist) singna makhoigi asonba sing adu kupkhatpa ngamnaba hotnabada sinmi kaya thabak tagi louthoktuna, makhoigi haksel amasung mahei-masing gi piramba khudongchaba sing kakthattuna, peisa singdokpa ngamdraba sinmi singdagi mayum-makei mattuna amasung Iraq amadi Afganistan gumba leibak singda sendong amasung potthok-chathok sing phangnabagidamak makhoibu

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miyam amana chatnarol uchan (system) asigi maramda hangnarakli amasung Marx ki wakhallol pomitki matengna macha khaina neinaduna masigi masak utthorakli. Senmitki oina chatthaba thabakki muknaba oina malemgi maru oiba thao amasung gas thokpham sing khudum channanaba US ki senjao-tanba singna ngamjabida hotnariba, Obama leingak-thoudanaAfganistan lomda laangi maiyon chaona theidorak-e-ba hairibasing asigi matangdasu mathakki wapham asiga adummak chap mannana chumlabani.

Muknaba Amagi Nakal Amana Mapung Oibani (One Side of a Contradiction is Dominant) Muknaba amagi nakal anina ungkhatnabada nakal amana mapung oina ayamba matamda lei. Nakal animakna chap mannaba phibhamda leiminnaba haibasidi tangna thok-e amasung adugumba phibham duda tung koina leiroi. Aduga mapung oiba nakal aduna mapung oiduna adummak leiroi. Mapung oiba nakal duna mathak thangna leinaba angam tannaba ama chang-e. Atoppa nakaldusu maana amuk mathak thangna leinanaba angam tannarakkani. Nakal animakna amagi khutta amana maithire haina yathoktuna icham chamna hekta thadoknaba touroi.

Khudam oina, senjao-tanba (capitalist) singgi hidannabada amana amagi maiyokta tounaribasing adu hidannabada adum yaoduna leinabani. Houjik houjik khongpham chetna leiriba senjao-tanba (capitalist) sing phaobana makhoina adumna leiba ngamlibadu hidannabanani haiba khangjei. Chahi kaya kaya mai paaktuna lakkhraba General Motors na, maga hidannarakpasing maru oina Toyota gi makhutta aroibada maithihou-e amasung sendonba

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Asigumba pakthok-chaothorakliba muknaba sing asina sokchillake-ba makhei sinmi amasung maheiroi singgi mathakta taarak-e, senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) gi maiyokta leplibasingduna mapung-marei pharaknabagidamakta khudongchaba amasu makhoina piba tai. Henna masing yamlaba

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Houjik houjikmak California da angang million amada piramba hakselgi cheksil-thourang kakthanaba, amasung mahei-masing takpi-tambiba oja kaya paaktaknana thabaktagi louthoknaba thouraang ateidagi mangjil thaana changsillakli. Yanaba ama purakpa ngamloidouri. Ngasi thengnariba, khudongchaba piramba sing kakthatpa amasung thabak thadatpa asigumba sokchillaklibasing asigi maiyokta athingba pibada eikhoina yaosinba matamda sinmi sing amasung maheiroi singda sokchillak-e-basidagi tasengna ngakthokpa ngamlaroidabani. Khara henna mapanggal sonba US ki senjao tanba singna pangthokpa ngamgadabasinggi manungda touningda touningda paikhatkadouribasi pikthaba yaba piktharaga asaobana mei houraba sinmi singda khudongchaba kharakhak pinaba sem-saba haibasini. Mapung oibada semdok sadokpa habasima machek-mayada nattana khut tharaklaroi, amasung adudagidi suksoi soidanamak sinmi singna asum asum lairatharakpa, laan amadi leingak chupli paiba singbu panggal thokna sougatpasing (fascism) lomda maiwon thamduna sinmi-senjao tanba (worker-capitalist) gi muknaba (contradiction) wakheiduna senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) mutthattriphaoba khongjang changsinba haibasida tarakkani.

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thadoktuna asumna senjao-tanbasingna sinmi singda cheitheng piba hougatlakli.

(revolutionary politics) amasung leisemlongi chatnarolga khennaba wakhallol (revisionism), haibadi, chakthung-phithung mannaba khunai (socialism) sougatpa (leftist) maanna lepliba senjao-tanba singgi leisemlon (capitalist politics) ga anigi marakta khennabadu mayek sengna irai laina utle. 1960 gi paringda, Khrushchev ki makhada Soviet Union da senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) amuk hanna semjil-sajinduna hinggathallakkhi, matamduda Soviet ki wanguba (philosopher) singna – nakal ama maanghandana, amatta oina “punsinnaraga” muknaba (contradiction) sing wakheiba yai haibasi chummi haikhi.

China da, Communist ki ihouna China gi senjao-tanba singgi panggal (capitalist forces) bu maithiba pikhibadi: “makhoigi laanmi sing laakkhi, adubu eikhoina khutlei thuna makhoibu loinamak thupchinkhi, eikhoina makhoibu machet-machet thupchinkhi – masi maiyoknaba nakal anina chaanna-chinnana punna leiminnaba haiba nak-yetki khennaba wakhallol ani punsinba (synthesis) haibadu natte haina asumna sandokna taaktuna Soviet ki wakhaloldubu laalli haina Mao na magi akanba wakhal-mityeng phongdorakkhi. Makhoina ingna chikna punna hingminnaba pamkhide, makhoina nakhoibu khutlei thuna loinamak thupchinba pammi. “Houjik amuk China da senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) semgat-sagattuna hinggathallakli, Mao na sougattuna miyamna yanaraba “Lanthenggi wangulon” (philosophy of struggle) haibasigi mahutta “Tang-du leitana hingminnabagi wangulon” (philosophy of harmony) habasina mahut sindoktuna China gi senjao-tanba leingakpa (capitalist ruler) singna makhoigi leingakpu athingba pibasingda namthabada sijinnari. Adum oinamak asigumba tousinnabasing asi yarakloi, “Waroisin ama

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Chaokhatlon (dialectics) da khwaidagi maru oiba waphamsi karamna muknaba (contradiction) sing wakheigadage haibasini.

Marx na hairammi madudi nakal anina “Waroisin ama puraknaba chainaba”, aduga amana ngamba matamda, khudam oina, sinmi kanglup (working class ) na senjao-tanba (capitalist) singbu maithiba piba matamdata wakheiba ngam-e. Senjao-tanba (capitalist) singbu sougatpa wanguba (philosopher) singna hai madudi naakal animak amana ngamdriphaoba chainade, aduga “nak-yetki wakhalon punsinba” (synthesis) haina khangnabasida itinminnei. Nak-yetki wakhallon punsinba (synthesis) haibasida amaga amaga makha taana yetsinnadana apanba pinadabagi mawongda naakal anina punna leiminnei haina lou-i. Marx ki lisang sitna laklaba liklamchat (history) na chaokhatlon (dialectics) da yaoriba paringsing –”Waroisin ama puraknaba chainaba” nattraga “Nak-yetki wakhallon punsinba” (synthesis) hairiba wapham anisigi manungda amada ngaklou piduna yawolgi leisemlon

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Karamna Muknabasing Wakheirak-e (How Contradictions are resolved)

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oirakkhi. Houkhiba matamda leiramba leibak amagi potthokchathok, leisemlon khudum challamba leibak (imperialist) sing Spain nattraga Britain gumbana, matam kharagi oina mapung oina leirammi, adubu mapanggal sonna marai chaithakhi.

Lanthengnabada makhoi maithikhi amasung makhoigi imperial power adu maangkhi. Houjik US leingakna Russia, China amasung Europe tagi leppa leitana singnarakpasing asi maiyoknari. Mahakna mapung oiba panggal oiduna leiringei matamsida, magi phibham honghanba ngamli.

Muknaba (contradiction) amagi nakal amana atoppa nakal adubu takthoktuna wakheinabagi mapung phaaba phibham leitraphaobada, asonba nakaldu mapanggal kankhathanduna mapung oiba nakalduda hongdokpa yai. Maduna oihallakkadouribasi magunda hongba haibasini. Mai paaklaba yawolda touribasi masini. Maithiraba nakaldu yamna thuna mangkhiroi, adubu henna sonthaba nakal oirakkani. Matam kuina leiraklaba kanglup sing amadi makhoigi wakhal sing (old classes & their ideas) amasung lup (organization) singna ngasi phaoba hingba ngamli amasung amuk hallaknaba hotnari. Masini China amasung Russia da thoklibasi.Sinmi kanglup (working class) na mapung oiba nakaldi oire, adubu makhoigi thabakti loidari.

Leingak mapu (empire) duna amuk hanna akai-atoi thokhanba ngamkhre.

luchingba singbu papanggal sonthahanduna Marxist singgi wakhallol makhada miyambu khonjinnaba hotnaramgani. Wakhallol asida miyamgi pukning wakhal henna chingsillagadi lup adugi manungda chakthung-phithung mannaba khunnaigi chatnarol uchan (socialism) bu thajaba (left) singda sougatpagi masing hengatkani, amasung adugumba masing hengatlakpaduna left ki luchinglup lomda magunda hongnabagi maram oirakkani.

Masingda hongbana mathang chattharakpadadi magunda hong-i haiba chaokhatlongi kanglon (law of dialectics) amagi masi maru oikhraba khudam amani. Masigi wayel (principle) asi chummi maramdi mapanggal leiba mapung oiba nakal adu mapanggal sonthahanbana nattraga asonba nakal adu mapanggal kankhathanbana mathangdadi anidugi manungda mapanggal leiba nakalduda onthokkani, amasung asumna magunda hong-e. Wayel (principle) asi yumda thengnaba oina hairabada asaba isingda meisa henna pisinba haiba asigumba khudamsinggumna, sinmi kanglupki ihouna mapung-marei phaagatlakpa mathangdadi yawolbu magunda honghanbada lamjinggani haibasi chummi, aduga masi thabakki oina sijinnabadasu mapung phaaraba wayel (principle) amani.

Manunggi Oiba Muknabasingna Khwaidagi Maru Oibani (Internal Contradictions are Primary) Communist Manifeto na hai, kanglup naiba khunai (class society) gi liklamchat (hitory) haibasi “kanglupki lantheng gi liklamchat (history of class struggle) ni, khunnai manungda khunnaigi oiba kangbu singna angam tannaba haibasi maiyoknaba singgi mari

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Mapung oiba nakalduda hongdokpa haibasigi wahanthokti muknabagi oina leinariba mari (contradictory relation) nattraga chattharakliba thabakki paring (process) adugi honglakliba magunduni. Masi amadagi amada onthoknaba yaragasu, asigumba makhalgi ahongba asigidamakta yamna toina chainaba maru oi.

Nangna karigumba Union amada nattraga miyamgi lup amada mating phudoktuna chellagadi, senjao-tanba singbu sougatpa

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Mapung Oiba Nakalda Hongdokpa: Magunda Hongba (Shifting the Dominant Side: Qualitative Change)

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puraktriphaoba chainaba� haiba Marx na thamlambagumna, achumbadi makhoi manunggi oiba lanthengna henna pakthokchaothoraklabatada muknabasing wakheigadabani.

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sing (opposite relationship) potthok puthokpa (Production) duda lei. Masina hairibadi khunnaigi manung chandaba ising-nungsit nattraga akoibagi oiba phibham singda chatthariba thouwong sing, hairibasing asina khennaba kaya puraklagasu, asigumba ithil singna khunnaigi oina ahongba mapung oina laak-hande. Masigi mahutta, hongnabagi maram oina senjao-tanbagi khunnai (capitalist society) da ithil pinaba leiriba mapaalgi oiba machak sing adu maru oina senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) da yaoriba manunggi muknaba singna leppi. Phibham asi khunaigi oina toptopna leiba natte, mayamgi oina atei potshak singdasu chummibani.

Potsak amagi manunggi oina leinariba marising aduna mapung oina ayamba matamda makha ponba potsak singda kari oipham thoke, amasung masina karamna hong-e amadi masi kamaina oirak-e, hairibasing asi maru oina potsaktugi manunggi oiba muknabaduna oihanbani. Mapaan gi oiba phibhamna khennaba thokhallagasu, chatthaduna leiba thabakki paring (process) nattraga chatnarol uchan (system) amagi manungda yaoriba manunggi oiba muknaba sing aduna mapung oina potsaktuna karamna honggani haibasi leppi.

Manunggi Oiba Muknabasing amasung Lalon-selgi Oiba Wathok (Internal Contradictions and Financial Crisis)

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Pot amagi manunggi oiba muknabasingna pot aduna karamna honge haibasi mapung oina leppi haiba wayel (principle) asi senjaotanba (capitalist) singgi lalon-selgi oiba wathok (financial crisis) amasung Recessions (thabak phangdabana senmitki awaba tariba tangpham) asi khangnabagidamakta akaknana maru oi. Ngasi thokliba lalon-selgi oiba wathok (financial crisis) asi potthok henna puthokpa (over production) gi top-toppa makhalgi wathokni, masibu “Lan-thum pathokna peisinba� (accumulation) gi wathok haina kouba yai. Masina hairibadi amadagi amada mathang mathang thadakhiba (circulation) lalon-selgi oiba sellep (financial capital) na amuk hanna kakhatlaktuna potthok puthoktuna sendong taannaba lambi phangba ngambadagidi yamna hanthakhre haibani. Matam asimaktada, asengba, lalon-selgi oiba senmitlon nattaba (non-financial economy) da kharadangdi khennaba potthok henna puthokpagi wathoksing leiri. Recession (thabak phangdabana senmitki awaba tariba tangpham) na phibham phatchillaktrabada, masing thingamdraba potthok mayam amadi yonba sittana leirani. Gari saba (auto makers) singna haannagi mamaldagi hongthana phanghanba (discount) gi khudongchaba pinarak-e, adubu car leiduna tongba ngamba singgi masingdagidi car gi masingna pathokna lemduna leihou-e. Aduna, GM amasung Chryshler sendonna makhwang koikhre. Pothokna kaa henna maraang kaimanbadagi masing pathokna puthok-e-ba lallonpot singdu sendong yaona yonba sittaba matamda recession (thabak phangdabana senmitki awaba tariba tangpham) nattragadepression (sel-thum taanbagi thou pangdaba amadi thabak phangdaba nattraga

sin ma sin ma (ca tan asi am pot e, h phi cha oin

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Asigumba mangkhiba yabagi chang wangba sel thadaba (higher risk investments) sing asida makhoi hidannaribasingna peisa tallabadi sel mangbagi chang wang-e, adum oidunasu makhoi adumna adumak chatthaba tabani natragana hidannabada yaoba pamlibadu phangdaba tabani. Senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) da sagatpa hidannabagi muknabasing (compitative contradiction) na anouba henna phaba phibhamda potthok puthokhanba amasung peisa thadahanba ngammi, aduga makhoina wathok amasung akaiatoisu oirakhalli.

Senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalism) gi maiyokta lepliba ihouduna mapung-marei phaagathallak-e-badu masak leppada masigi manunggi oiba haibasisu khwaidagi maru oiba amani.

Ihoudugi manunggi oiba machak sing, haibadi, masigileisemlon gi oiba paring (political line), amaga amaga punsinnaba (composition), luchinglup (leadership) amasung pikpa/chaoba (size) hairibasing asina maru oina ihouduna karamna mapung-marei phaagatlakpage haibadu leppi. Tasengna oiba phibham singga samnaba leisemlon gi thabak (practical political work) ki manunggi oiba muknabasing khangnabagi hekta thengnaragadaba khwaidagi maru oiba waphamdi ihoudubu tungda phaajinduna thamliba masagi asonbasingna mapaan gi oiba phibham singdagidi masing helli habasini.

Masina hairibadi manunggi oiba asonbasing amatta leihandanaba phirep louraba lantheng ama sagatpa ngamlabatada mai paakpa haibasi oithok-e haibani. Nangna khangdaba nattraga nathoudang ama oina thengnakhidaba asonba singgi maiyokta lanthengnaba ngammoi, aduna asonbasing adugi maiyokta chatthaba lantheng

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Senjao tanbagi potthok puthokpada kaang-khong chaiba (Anarchy of capitalist production) haibasi sandokna haikhigadaba atoppa mawong amadi sinmi singbu karamna tuhat-neihatkadage haibagi matangda senjao-tanba sing makhoi masengi marakta manunggi oiba muknabasing lei habasini. Asigumba ungkhatnabasina pathokna potthok puthokpada nattana yamna laina uba apangba sajat kharadasu lamjing-e. Banker singna che-chang inaraga amuk singgatlakpa ngamlaroidaba micham miyamda achouba senpham thadaba matamda senphamdu miyamna loukhi, asumna toubada makhoina achouba khudongthibasing maipunari haibasu khangjei.

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lairatharakpa matam) tung-innana laakpa haibasi senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalist system) gi soidraba mawong-matouni.

Asigumba potthok pathokna puthokpa romda changsillak-e-basi senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalist system) gi kakpa yadraba mawong-matouni, haina Marx na “Senjao tanbagi potthok puthokpada kaang-khong chaiba� (Anarchy of capitalist production) haina kouramba chatnarol uchan (system) adugi mityengdudagi masi oirakpani. Masigi wahathokti – kari amadi karamna potthok sing puthoksige haibagi matangda lounariba warep sing senjao-tanba (capitalist) singgi marakta wa hodoknadre, aduna amaga amaga thabak henna tounaba hotnabana firm singna hidannabagi phibham sida taraklibani. Senjao-tanba singna angam tannabana maram oiduna makhoina miyamgi recession nattraga depression gi phibham youdriphaoba potthok puthokpa (production) nattraga maral-mathum pathokna peisinba (accumulation) adu pakthok-chaothokna henna lam chaona konsinduna chattharak-e. Masi chaorakna chahi 8 khudinggi thoke, kharana ateidagi khara henna chonthana thokpa yao-e.

laantheng asi chattharakpa chahi 50 phaare, amasung US na 2003 da landaduna muknaba adu irai-laina uhallakkhiba adugi mamaang saanglaba matam ama, Iraq ki thao khudum channaba US ka atoppa imperialist power singga muknarakpa asi chahi kaya kaya chattharak-khrabani.

Maru Oiba Muknaba (The Main Contradiction) Karigumba tasengna chatthariba thabak (process) nattraga chatnarol uchan (system) amagi muknaba (contradiction) kayamarum lei, aduga khara amadi ateidagi yamna henna maru oi.

Chatnarol uchan (system) amagi maru oiba muknaba haibasi chatnarol uchan (system) adubu honghalliba matamdugi oina khwaidagi chaoba thou-insin oiriba potsaktuni. Malemsida ngasi khwaidagi maru oiba muknabadi US leingak amasung magi leingakki maiyokta leptuna makhal-makha kayamarumda singnaribasing anigi marakta chatthariba muknabasini. US na Iraq ta maithiduna masagi asonba ut-thokcharakpana US pu singnaba atei touba ngamba panggalsingda pukning thougatlakkhi. Mayai-thangba Asia gi matangda US-Russia anigi angam taannaba pakthok-chaothorakli, China na thaogidamakta matam pumnamakta hidannarakli, Chavez amasung Latin America gi leibak singna US ki asonba singgi khudongchaba lourakli.

Ngasi malemda krak-krak yengsinnariba senjao-tanba singgi marakta leiribasina maru oiba muknaba oijaragasu, sinmi kanglup singgi athingba nattraga masa manungdagi inkhatcharakpa ngambagi thabak-thoudou (potential activism) asibu maru oina

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Thokliba thoudok-wathok singda akanba ithil piba ngamba muknaba (contradiction) sing asi irai laina khanggani haiba leite. Makhoisingdu akaknaba phibham singda masak khangba ngamlaklabatada maru oiba mayek sengnadi udaba pukning-wakhalgi makha pondaba potsak singgi saruk oiba yagani. Sinmi kanglup (working class) amasung senjao-tanba kanglup (capitalist class) anigi marakta leiriba muknaba asi senjao-tanbagi chatnarol uchan (capitalist system) gi lengdraba masak-matouni. Chatnarol uchan (system) amakhaktagi manungda makhoibu phaajinduna thamjarabasu,sinmi kanglup (working class) amasung senjao-tanba kanglup (capitalist class) animak amana amagi maiyokta lepnaduna, lantheng (struggle) adugi laiwong urabasu nattraga udrabasu thabak louthokpa (layoffs), sintha leppa wakat (strike), mahei-masing tambiba tokthokpa, asinachingba houjik-houjik thengnariba asigumba laantheng (struggle) sing matam pumnamakta chatthei.

Senjao-tanbagi touba ngamba panggal (capitalist power) anigi marakta muknaba (contradiction) asi makhoina laan tounaraklaba matamdadi irai laina uba ngammi, adubu nongmei kapnaba houdringeigi mamaangda makhoi anibu yengthinaba oirak-halliba makhoigi pandam (interest) singgi muknaba (contradiction) sing adu hounabi oina asum asum henna henna pakthok chaothoraktuna matam saangna laklibani. US amasung magi maru oiba thaogi company singna Persian Gulf ki mapham sing khudum channabagi

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Sengnadi Uttaba Muknabasing (Underlying Contradictions)

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haibasida pukchel sengba amadi nasagi asoi-araan puthoktuna chumthokpa ngamba (honesty & self-criticism) chang-e.

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loudabadi natte. Muknaba asigi maagi nakal kankhat-hanba, US ki senjao-tanba singna sinmi sing, laanmi sing, amasung maheiroi singbu US leingak asi makhoigi damakta aphaba amani haina thajahanduna khonjinba mathou tarak-i. US ki leimaba (Boss) singda “haiba inna sougattuna leiba” (loyality) gi meithou hengatnaba senjao-tanba singna hotnabasinggi manungda mawong amatang haiba tarabadi semdok-sadokpagi ihou singda mareibak nungsibagi ihul sagatpa asini. Asigumba semdok-sadokpagi ihou singda socialism bu sougatpasing (left) ki thabakti sak-chu khennabagi ungkhatnaba, amasung imperialist ki laan khaktang thengnagadaba natte, senjao tanba pumnamakna toubagumna, maning touba leimaba (liberal boss) singna sak-chu khennabagi ungkhatnaba amasung laan paamnaba meithou hengat-hanba changi haibasisu leibak miyamda uhagadabani. Lantheng asi sinmi kanglupki mapanggal kankhat-hanba yamna maru oi, masina malem pumbagi oina mapung oiba muknaba oina leiriba imperialist manungda makhoi masen krak-krak yensinnaribasidagi upunba sinmi kanglup amasung senjao-tanba singgi marakta leiriba kanglupki ungkhatnabasida hongdok-khiba yagani. Chainaba asida mai pakpana senjao tanbagi chatnarol uchanda sagatliba laan, sakchu khennabagi ungkhatnaba, ngakpi-senbinaba leitabagi awaba amasung pukning-hakchangda phangliba cheitheng sing pumnamak asi koknabagi amatta ngairaba lambini. Lantheng asida khangna thabak tounaba amasung saaphu kannaba “Wanguba (philosopher) sing-gi wari supham ka manungda amasung tamnaba lairik singda ungsinduna leiriba wangulon (philosophy) adu maning tamhallu,” amasung miwoi cha kayagi khutta painaba madu khutlai oina

Chaokhatlongi oina muknabagi machaksing (Elements of a Dialectical Contradiction) 1.Chaokhatlon gi oiba muknabada maiyoknaba machak sing, top toppa mawongda karino khara pangthokningba sing, panggal sing natraga karino kharadi toudaba yadabasinggi pungba ama leigadabani.

2. Muknaba sing adu potsak amada, chatthaduna leiba thabak amada nattraga chatnarol amada punna amatta oina leigadabani.

3. Asigumba maiyoknaba nakal sing asi amana amagi maiyokta lepnaduna pangal thekna thabak tounagadabani, nattraga amana amada ayetpa pinagadabani. Masini, muknaba amagi maiyoknaba nakal singgi lantheng haibadu.

Hairiba machak singsi loina pullaga, mayoknaba singna amatta oina punna leiba haiba chaokhatlongi oiba muknaba haibadugi warol tak-e.

onthok-u. Asumna Mao na hairambagumna eikhoina chaokhatlongi wangulon asi neinaba chang-e .

(Andrew Narr na June 2009 da phonglakkhiba “Dialetics:The Philosophy of struggle” haiba warengdu meiteilonda handokpa)

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marudagi thoklakpa maram amasung masibu thinnabgi pambei lambi adu phangba ngamgani haina khalli.

Eikhoi Meiteini aduna cheng-hee manamda ngaojei masi eikhoigi nungda leiriba Meitei ama oibagi ihul thaul ( Meitei sensibility) adunani. Ihunsinani yawolbu kandouriba amasung ihulsiga sagol thagonnaduna leiraba matamdata khanglam uramdabani khanba yawolgi maiyokta lakpa awaba lising lising khangdouribani.

Ningtamba amasung mannaba khunai amagidamak Yawol laal

Meiteina Meitei oiraktaba matamda mareibakki nungsiba natraga yawolgi laan toubagi wadi thambu thamko machin-manao mapamamaphao masak khanglakloidouribani, mari haidugi wahandok leirakloidoiribani. Aduga ngasi tarang tarang mayek sengna ure madudi Meitei eikhoi ashi Meitei oiraktare, Meitei ihul-thawul yaodre thamoisu, ihulsu koksu Brain su pukingsu wakhalsu awaibagi awaiba maktani. Ngasi kanglei khunnai gi leirak-konsang kachinkoya sin-thungna Meiteina Meitei oiraktabagi, khunnaina leikha tarakpagi paona pik thalli. Adugumba pumkai kaitharaba Meitei oiba tallba Meitei lichat chatraba mapa-mamasingna pokpa Meitei ihul mammi samlaklaba ku manungda hapliba khunnaidagi thoklakpa

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“CHENG-HEE MANAM AMASUNG NATIONALISM�

Yawol laan toubagi maramsi laal touduna Indian Colonial Rule dagi Liberate touba aduda natte, 1709 da mayang laining lourubadagi pumkai kaitharakpana chatna kanglon amata paring chumna leiraktriba (normlessness/anomie) pumpei peiraba khunnai asibu asibagi maya laona kathokliba pungmam mamba makhounaodagi sattok-houbani, kalhoubani, Meiteibu kanbani, Meitei oidraba meeyambu Meitei oihanlakpani, Meitei gum maramchat chathallakpani.

tougani amasung phurupki tungi arangba maraibak ama leplagadouriba laal asigidamak punshi thawai katthokkani haina lakhraba eikhoi Meitei ipathou/chanu singna mangda taduna leiriba phurup ki aruba waphamdagi natheiduna chennarakliba asi icham chamna paruba yade masigi thouwong, haibadi, phenomenon ama oina neinapham thok-i. Wapham asi apik apikpa maram kaya amanana thokhan-oihanlakpasu yai adumakpu eigi meetyeng (perspective) tagidi Philosophical Assement ama toupham thokee amasung madu tourabadata eikhoi aruba wapham ashigi

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meewoisingna ayambani eikhoi ngasi yawol laanmeeni haiduna leiribashingsi.

Meiteigi ihul yaodaba eikhoigi root ka samnadaba chabulsingna Meitei National Question bu ithou thousaroi, machinda khara ngang saklambadi yai adubu khudi ama thibada ireibak amasung ipharupki thabak thadoktuna chenkhibada mathamoida karisu meepairoi, maramdi makhoigi nung (inner core)da Meitei ama oibagi ihul adu i-yam yamna yaojadre natraga sungleimak leitre.

Adugumba Meitei ihun adu irai laina mangtha-kaitharak-khiba natraga ahing amada hek oirak-khiba di natte, chahi kaya changna hotnarakliba India gi Hegemonic Policy (lounam touduna ishabu isana yana makhoida tinsin lupsinhanbagi thourang) sing adunani.

Maram aduna mating leiba yawol laanmee ama oinabagidamak Meitei ihul natraga Meitei sensibility haibaduna pik thanhanba tai eikhoi amasung eikhoigi yawol laanmee singgi shingle-naori mihulthawul animak .

1709 matung natraga Pamheiba leingak (Pamheiba Era) matamdagi khunnai gi apunba value system ama pungthu thugaibikhiba aduna achouba maram ama oiduna khunaina hannagi eikhogi punsirol (economy life) da chaodam-sangdamlakpa eikhoigi laining-lichat amasung sagonnaba punshi machatsing aduna ekhoiga yenmounaba Indic Civilization gi Vedic value da yumpham oiriba value sing adu khangtapta insinlakpana ekhoigi khunaigi uchal pumba pheijei chatle, asumna pheijei chattuna tallidagi ontharaba train ni ngasigi Kanglei khunai, asengba wapham asi khangduna gurung chatpada yaokhraba amsung gurung chatlaba matungda lakliba eikhoigi ihul adu ningthina khangminnaba amasung isagi hourakpham (root) ta hanjinlakpa ama mathou tai. Khara henna chamna hairabada eikhoi amasung mayon lamgi loilam mapu (mayang) anigi marakta leiba khennaba adu khanghan-gadabani amasung thamoida phaohangadabani. Eikhoi makhoigi khennaba waphamsi hanjin hanjin wari sagadabani amasung neinahan-gadabani. Asumna tourabadi eikhoi eikhoigi root ta amuk hanjinlakkani. Aryan value system da naplu chaorubana eikhoigi Meitei National Value khaothoktuna mayang lichat sajatnarakpa adu mang-khini. Asumna puwarigi wari liduna Meiteigi phajaba (National Aesthetic Value) amasung mayanggi phajaba (Aryan Aesthetic Value) gi khennaba adu khanghalduna semlakpa eikhoigi yawol laanmee sing yawolgi asengba lambida chathanba ngamgani, asigumba tangkak adubu

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Meitei athoubasinggi khubam ubada thamoida tu-man chungba phaoba , Nambul turengi leihao leiba turen khongbanda houriba satliba hangam mapalgi phajabada ngaojaba, Koubru ching Langmaichinggi warida ikhoulaangjaba, ngari manamda chak lamjaba, takhellei, kaboklei, ketuki, chini champragi nachom, samjireigi phajaba khangba Meitei ichel ihunna irik sinna yaoba Meitei pakhang leisabising thouna pharakkani, National Cause dagi khak lapthokkhiroi, makhoi amasung makhoigi asengba meitreng meigum meiri phariba thamoi ihunduna Meitei National Question bu khabak lakna chetna punsinduna ningtam khunai amagidamak

yawol ihou tourabadi yawollaan adu khak ningkhairoi amasung ihunduna pullaba pathou amatta yawol ihou thadoktuna chelloi, chellabasu khajik kharak oigani.

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youraklabadi eikhoina lup manungda ningba kainingai oiba mawongda mee chenba asi amuk pannarudrabsu yarani .

[‌.Hannagi Makha Chat-tharakpa]

“GUERILLA WARFARE�

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(Che Guevara gi Guerilla Warfare meiteilonda handokpa)

2 Guerilla lalong.

Guerilla gi loldada lalong hairaga mapung faba lanmigi

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fibham amabu neinaraga punamakki oiba pandam adu fangnaba changsinbadubu khangnei. Guerilla kangbugi mityengda achumba thagatningai oiba lalong ama leinabagidamak, yeknabagi thabak yeknabagi thabak matou adu tangaifadana neinaba mathou tai, mayoknariba sakti amabu mapung fana mang takhanba haibasina aroiba pandam oiragadi micham prajagi lalfamda yeknabaga mukhainaba, Guerilla kangbu adugi saruk amabu mapung fana mang tak-hanba ngamnaba hotnara-i. Nakan amaromda Guerilla fighter amana yeknabana makhoibu khudum channaba lotnabagi machak mathumsing du neinagani, mi amada leiba upai chathok chatsin

magi e-pao faonabagi mafamda laldasinba, makha tana thabak pangthokliba mafamda amasung magi mayai loisangda maikei khudingmaktagi mabu makok ngaobamakhei wahannaba Guerilla force singna leijabi thaduna pangthokkani.

Safu asi leptana chathagani. Thabak pangthongnaba leiriba loisangi yeknaba lalmising tumhalloidabani, mahakki out post sing laldasingani amadi niyam chumna muthatkani. Mitkup khudingmakta mahak asi chap chana koisinlaba mayai amada leire haibasi faohangani. Umangda nattraga akai atoi marakta oirabasu thoudou asi nungthil amadi numidang animakta thokhanduna thamgani.

Ahangba lamhangda yeknabagi lanjaba singna laina thomjillakpa ngamba mafam oiragadi numidang khaktada tougani. Pumnamaksi pangthoknaba miyamgi mapung faba mateng amadi lamdamdugi chap chaba gyan leiba mathou tai. Mathou tariba ani asina Guerilla fighter amagi punsigi minute khudingbu sokhalli. Maramsina houjikki amadi matung tarakpagi changsin-gadaba mafam manung thitna tougadaba thabak, lalhoubagi apamba sandokna taknaba magi panthung amasung yeknabana Miyamgi maiyokta lan ngamgani haiba oithokloidaba wafamni haina chayetnaba leitraba achumba wafamdu sandokkani. Chingnaningai leitraba achumbasi wakhalda faoba ngamdrabadi mahak adu Guerilla fighter oiba ngamloi.

Asigumba miyamna yaraba thabaksing asi ahanbada aronba ngaknaba hotnagani, madudi loumi khudingmak leiriba khunai gi miwoi khudingmak makhoina tariba uriba amatta haidoktanaba, matung tarakpada lanhoubasingda thajaba leijariba khundaribasingda achouba thajabagi waheising, makha tarakpada miwoising asi mee amaga amaga pao pibada sijinnaba, pot chei

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Masi ahanbamaktada lalgi akanba mafamda Guerilla kangbugi mayokta mathangda yeknabagi lamkhei manung hanjinna

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Ahoubada Guerilla fighter amagi tangaifadaba masin-di masabu manglakpadagi kanjabani. Pikna parabada Guerilla kangbu amagi nattraga kangbusingi mioi amana masagi punsiga chusinnana nungtigi pangthokpa ,paisinba amadi lalda silakpadagi nanthokpaga loina heiba tai. Fibham asi yourabadi yeknabana youba ngamdaba fibhamda Guerilla amana leiba ngamgani natraga yeknabagi mapangal tapna tapna sonthahanba aduna lalda sillakpa yabagi yeknabagi saktisingdu hongdok hongjin touhangani.

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ngambagi chang miyamgi tengbang, khutshu khutlaida luchingba oibagi saktisingdu eikhoina neinariba kanglon asiga chunana lalong yatkani. Aroiba oina yeknababu maithiba piba haibasi matam chuppada ningsingadabani. Neinafam thokpa wafam kharadi khutsu khutlai khudam oina khutsu khutlai sijinnabagi mawong, Tank amagi amadi Aeroplane amagi mamal asigumba lathengnaba amagi mamansi lepthokadabani. Yeknabagi khutshu khutlai, magi nongmei marusing magi heinabisu khangdokkani, maramdi Guerilla force amagi mapung oiba houfamdi yeknabagi khutshu khutlai kupna khangdopani. Apamba khanbagi oithokpa leiragadi yeknabana sijinaba adumaksijinnabana henna fei. Guerilla kangbu amagi achouba khudongthiba asi yeknabagina leiraga eikhoigina nongmei maru watpa asini. Pandamsingdu neinaraba amasung lapthoklaba matungda kari kari khongthang loukhatlaga aroiba pandamdu fangadage haibagi mathang manao neinaba mathou tai.

Mangjounana uba ngamdaba fibham kaya, madu semdoklaga amadi chunanaba mangjounana thourang tougadababani.

Mannaba kanglupsing chanaba thabaksing da sinjinnaba kaya khudong thidaba thabaksingda channahanba , Guerilla kangbugi sathiba khutchu khutlai sijinnshannaba amadi mang takhannaba. Masina lalmi pumba mathou touhandana pangthahangani, suri nomlibasingi thabak lephangani, saharda khundariba miwoising kal-kharana yaodana thamgani,mei fanghandana, esing yaodana, e-pao makhal amatta faonahandana akaknaba pungja kharada nattana lamjaoda yamna khudong thina chathalgani. Pumnamaksi fanglagadi yeknabagi ningba kaihangani.

Mahakki lalmisingi ningaba kaihangani, amunba heidu atenba matamda hekpa ngamhangani.

Mangjounana thamliba wafam singsina Guerilla action gi manung chanba lamkhei pakthok-hangani, adubu kahenna lamkhei pakthokhanbadi touroidabani. Thabak pangthokpagi yumfam amadi chetna thamgadabani, lal manungdasu madubu chetsinna thamgani.

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Civil war amadadi strike haibasi khwai dagi maru oibani adubu masiga loinaba fibhamsingda mathang manao naina thokhannaba amadi matam chuppadadi leihanba nattaba amasung eroinana thok-hannaba hotnaba amadi matam chuppadadi leiba nattaba amasung eroinana thokhannaba hotnaba asi semgatpa mathou tai. Lalhoubagi maramsing sandokna taktuna amasung Miyamgi saktina ngamgadabasing khanghangani.

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nattraga khutchu khutlaising , makhoina khangjaba lamda chatpada lamjinghanba, amukka makha tarakpadasu thourang touraba miyam hupna saruk yaba thabaksingda thoudang louhanba maduna mameithangdadi general strike kourakkani.

Lamkheisigi manungda leiba mioisingna maramdambu chetna nungsijaba adu sijinnagani. Revolution gi yeknabasingna sandorakpa leinagi chang on-gani, tasengna ngakthokpagi pambeising khudam oina khonglamsing, khonising amasung e-pao faohandanaba thabaksing chap chana leihan-gani.

Guerilla kangbuna khutshu khutlai gi lamda singnaningai oiba pangal leiraklaba lalmi masingda marang kairaklaba da anouba column semnaba hotnagani masi hayingkhoigi mahumda anouba mapi ama hek poklakpada magi haying- khoi sangu amaga loinana atoppa saruk amada paikhibagumbani. Mapi leiba khoiradugi khudong thiba kaya leitaba mafamduda maming leiraba Guerilla chief adu leigani, yeknabana lamkhei hek pakthorakpada anouba lalmi sangu adu thajin-gani mathakta haikhibagumna. Lalmi sangu aduna lousiliba lamkhei aduda leibada yamna pikle khallakpa mitkup aduda yeknabana ngak senduna leiriba lamdam adomda changsinduna akanba saktiga loinana mukkhainaba mathou taraki. Tanja aduda sangu aduna punsillaga lanthengnanabagi mangjin thaba, lalgi firep lougani, regular army singa lal soknagani, adumoinamak mamangi Guerilla army singna makhoigi achetpa mafamdagi handokloi, anouba Guerilla kangbu semgattuna hannagidumakta leiraga thabak tounaba hotnagani, yeknabagi lamkhei hek lousindrifaoba laldasilgani.

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Asumna Guerilla na attack toubagi thakta youraba, khandoklaba mafamsingbu koisinduna thamgani, ahenba force thomjinbada maithiba piba, Miyamgi ehou, henna erang houba, leibakki lamkhei pumnamakta aroiba oina lal ngamba haiba pandamdu fangani.

apamba matanmda houba ngamnaba, lalmina maikei adomda changsinba ngamnaba Guerilla kangbuna handorakpada matam chuppada mitna uba mafamda amasung atopa mafamdagi attack toubasu ngammi. Lalmina makhoigi action du hanjinna tourakpa yai, aduga Guerilla kangbunasu chap manana ngamba asumna mathang manao naina yeknabagi lalmibu leng otpa ngamhande.

Masing yamllaba nongmei marusing manghanba adubu henna khudongthibadi thokhandana yeknabagi troop singi asa kaihanba ngami. Chap mannaba tactics asi numidangdasu touba yai yamna nakna amasung akanba lalhou manna, maramdi asigumba fibhamdadi henna chaona koisillakpasi yamna khudong thihalli.

Numidangda chatpa haibasi Guerilla kangbugi yamna maru oiba saklon amani. Attack toubagi fibham semba ngamhalli amasung anouba lamkheida changsinba haibasi yeknabada pao tamsinkhibagi khudong thibadi leitaba natte. Guerilla singna masingda yamjadabana khanghoudana attack toubagi lanlonggi mathou tai, masigi achouba khudongchaba sina Guerilla fighter singna awaba iyao-yaodana yeknabada achouba amang ata kaya thokhalli. Mi 100 ga atoppa maikeida leiba mi tarakhaktaga lal-thengnabada mi ama , nakal amada asok apan nangbada mangjaba adu mannade.

Yeknaba ama mangkhibadi menkhatpa yai, masidi mahakki touba ngambagi 1% khaktani.Guerilla kangbugi mangjabadi kayarak hanna semgatpa changi, maramdi lanmi khudingmak awangba thakta heisingnabani amasung lalsoknaribasingdagi 10% mapanggal leirabani.

Thawai manglaba Guerilla lanmi amagi keidounungdasu magi khutsu khutlai amadi nongmei marusing hundokloidabani.

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Guerilla kangbugi mapung oiba saklon hairagadi koichen chenba haibasini. Masina minute kharagi manungda akaknaba sanglen amadagi amada hongdokpa Lamdam amadagi lapna, mathou tarabadi mangjil thabadagisu amadi koisinbasu tokhanba ngamhali. Lalgi fibhamna mathou tarabadi, Guerilla kangbuna koisinduna leiraba mafamdagi lalthoknaba, makhoina koisilliba adu kannaraktraba, madugi akoibada henna pakna amana koisinba ngamhalli. Miwoi kharadangi kangbu amabu yeknabagi akanba contingent amana khanghoudana koisinkhraba natraga mi leiba khudongthiba leitaba mafam amabu koisinkhraba amasung force mayam thomjillaktuna mang-takhannaba attack touraklaba koichen chenba lalgi saklol hairaga manaba wahalthokta jagoigi hallda koichen chenbagum, Guerilla kangbu amana yeknabagi leifambu koisinduna tham-e, mangjil thabakangbuna khudam oina mi 5 natraga 6 mafam amattada leiraga maikei 4 dagi koisilli, makhoibu amuk hanna attopana koisillakpa ngamdanaba lalthengnabasu hek

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Lalmigi lolda Tactics haibasi chouba lalong gi pandam fangnaba changsinba thabak oina pangthokpa upai adubuni.

Amaromda masi eroinaba lalongni amasung atoppa amadana madugi mamingda henna akaknaba niyamsingni. Upai oina, heisingba haibasi yamna onthok onsin nai, aroiba pandamdagi yamna henna hongdok hongjil naiba amasung madubu lalthengnaringei manungdasu leptana chananaba semdokkani. Atoppana honglagasu heisingbagi pandam adudi lal loidrifaoba lengdana leigani. Ahanba oina khannagadabadi Guerilla action asi yeknabagi action ga chanana semgani.

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3. Guerilla gi Heisingba :- (Guerilla Tactics).

mafamda mabu maikei hongdoknaba mafamda toina yeknabana khudongthiba kaya lalthoktuna mangda changsinbagi oithokpa leitraba mafamda lengduna amadi khanghoudana mabu thengnabada ngaklami. Masigi achamba maramdi asini Guerilla na ngakthokpa mafamsingdu ninghtina leiraga.

Ahanba maphamdi hongdok-hongjin yaba oigadabani, yeknabana lanthokpa ngamloidaba akaknaba mapham amadi mabu natheiduna chathankhiba yaba maphamda oigadabani. Yamna toina yeknabashingna awabadu lanthoklaga mang changshinba ngamhangani adubu mahak mashamak ekhang khanghoudana chap chana amuk hanna nanthokpa ngamdana phajille haibasi khanglakpada pumnamak ngakhangani. Masi tasengnamak Guerrilla gee defended position adu lamphamdubu kupna neinaraga khankhiba mapham oibana landarakpana shokhanba ngamdabani.

Masi landarakleeba shiphai masinggee makhaponna natte, ngakthokleeba shiphai masingdugee matung ennani. Karigumba shiphai khara maphamduda thamba yakhrabadi makhatana Battalion oina maipakna thamba yaragani.

Mapham ama meetkup aduda ningthina lepthokadaba maruoibadi mai leiduna chenningai oidaba (Place for defending) ngakthoknabagee mapham chaba ama ningthina lepthokpa haibasi luchingpuren adugee tanja aduda tougadaba maruoiba thabak amani.

Guerrila Army gi landabagi maong ashisu top toppi, khanghou-houba, khangamdabamaphei shaohanba maongda houraga amuk tumin tokthokpa.

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Attoppa maru oiba Guerilla soldier gi saklol amadi hongdok hongjl naiba haibasini. Fibham amada hekta chanaba firep louba ngamba amasung mahaki asoibasingdu thabakta onthokpa Ngami. Lengdaba ariba lal soknabagi pambeisinggi mayaokta Guerilla fighter na mahaki oiba anouba tactics lalfamda minute khudinggi masagi tectics puthokpa amsung yeknababu matam chuppada pumngak ngakhalli. Ahanbadadi hongdok hongjil yaba fibhamda leirami. Yeknabana lalthokpa ngamdaba akaknaba

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Karigumbada eeikhoigi hero ama leikhidre, mahakki machine gun adu minute 5 muk kaptuna leigani, mathang manao naina pokhairakkani. Yeknabagi lalmina changsillakpa taphalli maramdi nongmei kapagi thuba tappagi chang aduna yeknabana mapung oina firep loukhre khangani, masi tangna thokpa thoudaok amani. Nongmei pangkapta kaptaba haiba chatnabi adudagi lapthorakpani, maramdi mafam amabu ngakthoknabagi tangai fadaba leibanani.

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Guerilla lalmi amagi mathoudi karigumbada maga loinaba marup ama turabadi madu khudakta loukhatkadabani. Masi lalfam adugi hainingai leitana mamal yamlaba potsakni. Tasengna hairabada nongmei marusingbu cheksinna sijinnaba amasung masigi sijinnbagi pambei asi Gauerilla warfare gi makha taba saklol amani.

Karigumba lalfam amada regular force ka Guerilla kangbuga sokanaba matamda ayamba matamda amana amabu masak khangdokpa ngami. Makhoigi nongmei kappagi khetnaba mawong, regular army gi maikeidadi masing yamna kapthokani. Pangna kaptaba amadi chap chaba khukapta Guerilla gi maikeidagi kapllakkani.

ki meeot-meenei yaona, aaingee thabakpu shungyao yaohandana nattraga kharadang yaohanduna, miyamga lonna unnaduna akaknaba mitkup amada tangaiphadana phunshinnabagee thabak kayabu oithok-handabani hayai lounei. Mashi chummi, madudi Civil War amada sahar kharadadi sarkargi panggalna namthabiba haibasi asukki matik wangi, madudi, tasengnamak aaingee thabak pumnamak mangjounana namthakhrabani, aduna khutlaigee mateng yaodaba meeyamgee khongjang mai pakpa oithokte. Maram ashina tanja ashidadi revolution geedamak tangaiphadana changdaba yadaba ama oirakee. Karigumba amada ningthina shillangduna mangtakhanba haibasi yamna mahei yanba khutlai amani, adum oinamak potthok puthokpagee thabaktadi mang taknaba khak shijinnaroidabani. Adubu khunnai amagee punsida akaiba pidragadi meeyamgee sharuk amabu pangtha sithahanba yai Soft Drink facotory thugaiba haibasi maram chadaba thabakni adubu Power Plant ama mang takhanba haibashidi tasengna chumlaba amadi paotak pipham thokpa amani. Ahanbagee matangda shinmee khara thabaktagee potthaba yai adubu shuning-nongminangbagee punshidadi ahongba leiroi. Anishubagee matangdana shinmee khara tanthorakkani, adubu lamdam amagee miyamgee punshida pangthashithahanba thokpana mapum oina chumthorakkani. Mang takhanbagee makhal-maongshing eikhoina konna neinarakkani.

Yeknaba lanmeegee aphaba khutlaishinggee manungda anouba jugki oina lepthoknaraba adudi airopelna shijinnaduna paiba ashini. Adum oinamak Guerrilla warfare hourakpagee ahanba tangkaktadi kan-naba leite. Leitem mannadaba lamdamgi oinadi meeoi kharadamak mathou tai Aeroplanegi kan-naba asi meetna uba amadi thourang touraba ngakthoknaba pambeisingda hannana asigumba lallong asida leiragadaba makhal oibana mee masing yamna punshinnaduna ngakthokpa tai. Plane shijinnaba haibashi

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Terrorism gee maramda yamna henna chayetnaba pokhanba maram ama lei. Ayambana magee shijinnapham ashi Police

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Mangtakhanbagee thabak ashi yamna maruoibani.

Revolutionary shinggee mapung phana mahei yanba lallong amashung terrorism na mahoushana mahei yangandaba amasung aphaba phal phangdaba, ayamba matamda maral leijadaba micham kayabu awaba nanghanba, amadi revolution gidamak yamna mamal yamkhraba thawaipanba mayam ama mang tak-hanba anishigi khetnaba tashengna khangdokpa maruoi. Yamna tamthi haina khangnaraba ot-neiriba kangbushinggee luchingba hatnabageedamak, namthanaba hotnabada magee heishingba, natraga mahakshu hattokpada matik charaba meeoini haiba amabu hatpagidamak Terrorism haibasi yamna mamal yamba lallong amani lounagani. Adum oinamak keishu leitaba maram amagidamak mee hatpa touroidabani, madugi keiningchit lakpada shibagi mashing leptana hengatlli.

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Hinghouriba yeknabashingna landabashingdu chatkhre haina thajahanba, potthahanba, amuk hakchik langhanba, makhoigee lanbanda nattraga defence line da kankhatle khanna makhoigee nongmagee mathou touba yare khalhanba, adubu karigumbada khanghoudana anouba attack na atomppa maphamda chap mannaba lanongda amuk pokhaihanba, amaromdana Guerrilla kangbu adugee mapung oiba kangbuna anouba thomjillakpashibu thenggainanaba ngaiba. Atei matamdana lanban ngakliba outpost aduda Guerrila shingna khanghoudana landashingani, khudumchanshingani amadi phajingani. Maruoiba machak adudi khanghanba amadi leptaba attack ashini.

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leitem mannaba amadi ahangba lamdamda pareng naina chatpgee mayoktadi yamna chunei, adum oinamak numidanggee matamdadi khudongthiba ashidagee laina ngakthokpa ngammi.

Yeknabagi ashonba maramshinggee manungda amadi sarakta amsung rail lambida chatthok-chatshin touba ashini.

Sarakta, rail lambida gaj khudinggee chekshinna shennaba haibasi oithokte. Karigumba matam amada hekta bom phumduna amadi pokhaihanduna thouriba garibu pokhaihanba amadi sarak thingjinba aduna pot-cheida nattana thawai kaya manghanba ngammi.

Potkhaihanba machakshinggee phangphamdi makhal makha yammi. Atoppa mayakeidagee purakpasu yai, nattraga shupnam-sasan touribshidagee phagatlakpa bom shijinnaba yai, adum oinamak mashidi ayambana kannagande, nattraga Guerrila gee lamdamda aronba karakhanada shungba oibasu yai. Madu shijinnabagee maongsu makhal yammi, shungbagee ma-ongsu guerrilla kangbudugee phibhamgee makha polli.

Eikhoigee karkhanada makhum oina shijinnanba makupshing shai, apamba mitkupta phumlaba bom ama pokhaihannabagee upai kayasu eikhoina puthok-i. Khwaidagee phaba phal phangnaba upai amadi electrikni. Shupnam sasan touriba kangbugee aeroplanedagee thadarakpa bom ama konna eikhoina pokhaihankhiba aduna eikhoigee pokhaihankhibagee ahanba thabakni. Eikhoina madu makhul kayamuk panduna, nongmei amaga, mari pallaga chingba yaba tengkhan amagasu panshinduna shemdok-ee. Yeknabagee truck-na hek lanthokpagee mitkupta chap-chana pokhainaba khutlai shemmi. Mashigee upai ashi henna

wangna chaokhathanba yai. Khudam oina Algeria da tele-explosive mine kouba ama makhoigee leiphamdagee yamna lappa maphamda radio gee matengna pokkhaihanba bom ama ngasisu French loilam leingak mapugee maiyokta shijinnari.

Mine Bomb pokhaihanba amasung maduda hinghouba kharadu hattoknabageedamak sarakki chidaida ambush phambagee lalong ashi khwaidagee phaba nongmei maru amadi nongmei sijinnabagee maongni. Aki-akhang nanglaba yeknaba amana nanthoknaba matamsu phangde, nongmeinachingba sijinnade aduna nongmei maru kharatana maipakpa ngamee.

Yeknabada shaphu ama peerubada, masu magi lalong honglakee, potpunaba garina naitom chatpagee mahutta punna pareng naina chatlak-ee. Adum oinamak maphamdugee maong kupna neinaraga pareng chatlibadu thugairaga gari amada pukning changsillaga shaphu peeba ngamee. Asigumba matangdadi Guerrila lalonggee tangaiphadaba machaksingdu matamchuppada ningshingadabani. Makhoisingdudi: Maphamdu chap-chana khangdokpa, meekup nahumsingna nanthokhinaba lambi mangjounana khangdokpa, landabada sijinnaba yaba anisuba lambising khangdokpa, lamdamdugi meeyamga toro khondanaba teennaba maduna chinjakki tengbang phangnaba, garigee chathokchasingee tengbang, ngaihakki natraga matam kuinagee lotpham amadi mathou taraklabadi ashok-apan nanglaba marup mapangsingbu thamlamba yanaba, apamba matam amada landabada masing hennaba hotnaba, chatthok-chasinda pandaba, khakhouriba siphai masing thidokpa ngambanachingbani.

PHOTO GI LAMAI

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Asigumba lallongee machaksing surabadi yeknabagee chathok-chasingee lambida khudakki landabana singthaningai oina mahei yalhalli.

Guerrilla lalonggee changdraba yadraba machaksingdi lamdam adugee meeyamga tinnabani. Yeknabaga loinabasu maruoiba amani, landaaba matamda chatnagadaba niyamsing chap chana ingadabani. Hongdok Hongjin leitana chap-chaba asina paopeeba amasung mee amabu hatpada, kannadaba kayadagee ngakthokpa lameegee mathou chap-chana pangthokleebani khanjaba yeknabagee lanmeesingbu dandi khara komthokpeerage khanbadageesu kanahalli. Landaabagee mapham areppa thamdaba, laandabana mang takhanba ngamdaba mapham amadi lanpha amata thambagee mathou tadrimakheidi madu aphaba kanglon amani.

Hinghourabasingbudi thadokpeegadabani. Lanjang amada shoklabasingdi leijabi thaduna cheksinbigadabani. Lamdamdugee meecham meeyamga loinabada lamchat-shajat phajana makhoigee mahousagee chatna-kanglonbu eekai khumnana, otpi-neibiriba siphaisingdagidi Guerrilla lameesingna henna lamchat-shajat phajei haibadu thabakna utkadabani. Tangaiphadaba phibamkhakta natana maral leiraba meeoi amabu masagee maraldu mathanta chumthokchanabagee tanja peeramdana achumba cheirak peeroidabani.

Lamyanba Irabot- kidamak Akhannana sem-sajaba

PHOTO GI LAMAI

(Mathang mathang‌‌.)

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CHINGA SESSION DA IRABOT KI TONGAN TONGANBA PHOTO SING (MATHAK & MAKHA) LAMYANBA HIJAM IRABOT

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IRABOT (YET) & MAHAKKI LOINABI KHOMDONSANA (OI)