Lan April , 2010

kxlEpaK kmunis parti

KANGLEIPAK COMMUNIST PARTY KCP

KANGLEIPAK COMMUNIST PARTY GI 30 RAK SUBA MAPOK KUMWON NUMIT, APRIL 14, 2010 DA PARTY PRESIDENT NA MIYAMDA PI JABA

YAIPHA PAOJEL Nungsijaraba Ereichasing, Numit thana leirimakhei lengdana leihouragadaba nungsiraba numit ‘14 th April’ ngasisu lakle. Asigumba 30 rak suba kumwon numitna lakpada Kangleipak Communist Party gi President ama oina ereibakchasing, yawolloising kwai pumnamakpu ikok nonna khurumjabaga loinana ikai khumnaba utchari.

Kangleipakki miyam pumnamakta ahanba oina thammoi sengna thamjaningba waphamdi, ngasisu eikhoigi panggal thouna hanba leitri. Ima leibak iramdamgidamak thawaiga hakchangga khainadriphaoba lanthengnakhigani.

Sasinnaba, yawolloi saba mi khujok khara yaosillaktuna s e n g l a b a y a w o l i h o u a s i bu m a s a k m a c h u t h o k t a n a b a hotnaraklibasi keidounungda mai pakpa ngamloi.

Amaromda, tousinnaba leibak ningba saba kayana m a s a -m a r e n g s a nd o r a k l i b a a s i s u e i k ho i m a s e l li n g j e l ma nna d a ba , us itn a da b a a m a ga a ma ga ika i kh umna ba ngamdaba kayadagi chongthorakkhibani. Yamna sengna

i

hairagadi meitrabakki chatthariba yawol ihou asigi asengba matik chaba luchingba ngasiphaoba leitri. Eikhoi pumnamak amatta oina punbasu ngamkhiroi. Cheda, tableda chinda kayarak hanjin-hanjin punkhre. Thabak oinadi pangthokpa ngamdri. Masigi maruwoiba maramdi tongan-tonganba lup ka ya da , ya w olloi e ikhoi pumna ma k, kha -w a ng ma ning mamang chingba sagol gari amada ngasiphaoba tongduna lakminnari. Chatkadaba lambeldadi eikhoi thouna leina chatpa ngamdri. Eikhoi masel marakta nung-pan khaina leinari, pukchel sengba watnari. Magi eigi haiduna michang khomnari, m a d u gi m a h u m p ha n a n a ba , a c h ou b a l up ma l h a n n a b a hotnabadana henna thawai yaonari. Aphaba yawolloi amagi chap-chaba magun chenba migi masingdi nongma nongmagi hantharakli. Wakhal paring chumna laktaba, yawol lanmi saba kayana chingthakhiduna ngasidi miyamnasu thajaba leiraktre.

Pumnamaksi yawollup eikhoigi kwaidagi laibak thibani. Kumja 1976 tagi isamakna thengnajarakkhiba, ujarakkhiba kangleipakki yawol ihougi warisingdagi kupna neinajaraga wapham asimadi thamjaning-i: Eikhoi punsinnasi, thammoi hangdoknasi, amana amabu ikai khumnasi. Punsinnadrimakhei thabak amatta maipakna touba ngamloi. Matamga channaba yawol liklamda chatnanaba eikhoi pumnamak sem-sarasi.

President Kanleipak Communist Party

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Editorial...

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MIYAMNA YAWOLLOISINGGI MINGSELNI (Tousinnaba Sasinnaba Yawol ihoubu Amuba hamuk Teisinba Meewoi Kanglup kaya Thoklaktuna Lup asigi maming sijinnduna Senkhai Thumkhai Chathaba amasung nungtigi phongba pao-chepsingda tousinnaba sasinnaba wahei-wata kaya irakpana Maram Oiduna Miyamna Asengbana Kadaino Aranbanna Karambano, miyamna chamamnagadaba adudagi Matam Khara Miyamda Karigumba Makhal amattagi E-pao Pijakhidabani.)

Maning makha tamna leijaramba leibak amagi ningtamba hajinbagi Ihou haibasi yawollupsing khaktagi thoudang natte. Masi micham miyamgisu tangai phadaba thoudang lei. Miyamgi panggal haibasi taibang mapugi panggalni . Miyamna makhoigi panggal-thouna khangjaduna amasung madubu hei-singna phajana sijinnarakpa matamda Yawol ihou khumang chaosinba khakta nattana thokliba wathok- lanthok, hibadi senja- thumja, huran -chinthi masana maromdom muchakhibaga iroinana eikhoigi yawolgi Pandamsu laina mai pakna phangba ngamgani.Adubu wakhal phirep mannana punna chatminnaduna thabak touminnagadaba miyamga yamna lapnarakpa, miyamna yawol lamisingbu chumna uraktaduna, yeknabagum lourakli; Pumnamak asi kari karamna oiraklibano haibadu yamna munna khannaba matam oirakle. Yawolgi liklam iii

Eiditorial

chumna chatliba Lup khudingmakna amata oina punsinnaduna asigumlaba kiningai oiraba phibam asi kanbagi matam thenglabani.

Yawol Lanmina Ngani Aduga miyamna Isingni; Miyamgi wakhal mityengna Yawol lanmigi mingselni; Miyamgi kholjelna hini Yawol lanmigi kholjelna nouni Yawol ihouni haiduna aranba lambida chattuna miyamgi aningba amsung apambagi mayokta thabak tourabadi maduna ihou khumang chousinbagi mahutta Yawolgi mami shamlakpagi mathakta khunaisibu leikha tana manghallakpagi lambi oirakkani.

Lup khjudingmakna, Yawol lanmi khuidingmakna matam khudingmakta ningsingbigadabadi Yawol Lanmi haibasi eikhoigi khunai asigi miyambu panthung amagidamak puduna chatliba nou/cheingak paiba hiroisingni; chumna honba hietrabadi iyaida iraknaduna pumnamak siminnagani.

Khunnaigi tangai phadabasing khangdokpa haibasi yawollup singgi thoudangni. Miyamgi apamba amasung aphaba mapung phaba wakhal phirepka iroinana chatpana eikhoigi ihou khumang chaosingani amasung khunnaibu masa phana thamba ngamgani. “Miyamna yaba yawol lupsingna miyamgi wakhal phirep yaodana natraga mangoinna thabak pangthokpa khak toude haibasi malemda thokkhiba yawol ihougi puwarina myek sengna taktuna leiraba waphamni.Aduna, miyamgi aningba apamba amadi phirep thunghanba yawollupki thoudangni.Yelhoungeidagi maning makha tamna leijaramba khunnai amabu namphuda lousinkhiba matamda khannai adugi mipum khudingmak makhoigi hanjinningloidaba leiroi; adubu ningtamba hanjinba ngamnabagi wakhallon-pomit adu Yawollupsingna miyamda youhangadabani�. iv

Eiditorial

Miyamgi ayaba yaodana, makhoigi wakhal/pomit yaodana, thabak pangthokpa haibasi arembada kanadaba oiba khakta nattana phattaba lambigi thong hanglaga, aphaba lambigi thong losinbaga chap mannei .Miyamna yaba haibasi akhang kannabagi ithilni amasung panggalni masina eikhoida loiba naidaba thouna pigani . Nakal amada yawol ihou haibasi yamna chaoraba, haibadi masing thingamdaba masa -marengna thallaba khongthangni. Masi bu yeknabana khudongchaba louduna serannana pukhinabagi lambi kayamarom lei .

Yarimakhei cheksinna miyam amasung yawol lanmisingna chatpigadabani. Miyamna yawolgi khongchatpu chumna uraktuna miyamna yawol ihouda pukning chingsilakpa matam aduda, miyamgi akanba saphuga loinnana ithil piraklaba matam aduda Yawol ihougi mahao thorakkani Yawolgi asengba amasung phajaba masak adu miyamda youkhini.

Loilam leingakki mayokta ningtam ihou houminnariba lupsingna matam pumnamakta kaobiroidabadi loilam leingakki nakoinaba lalong aduni:a.

Lamdam asida yelhoungeidagi nungsi channana leiminnabasinggi marrakta devide and rule policy na phurup masel yengthinahaduna hatna sunahanba, Khudam amatang panjarabada, Manipurgi chingmi -tammisinggi marakta sambal khajanbata nattana manipurgi chingmisingi marakta imu naimu tanahanduna kumja 1992 dagi ngasi phaoba meewoi lising kaya sikhare, lising kaya sokkhare, yum lising 30 gi mathakta ut onkhare. b.

Lalhoubagi mingda micham miyambu ot -neiduna maral leitaba meewoi kaya hattokpa thokliba thoudok aduna lanhouba leibadagini haiba lal, irang, ihou kaya thoklabasu michamgi hak Geneva convention ,1949 amasung malemgi meewoibagi hakpu ikai khumnaba piriba Universal declaration of Human Rights pu karisu thaoidana micham kayagi punsi loisilli. v

Eiditorial

c.

Chamjaraba lamdamsigi chanura kaya sarak tamduna nupi oibigi ikai khumnababu khonggaunari,w malemgi nupigi hak karisu leitaba mawongda uri, Veinna da phamkhiba malemgi nupi ikai khumnababu kannanaba takhiba warep ngasi loilam leingak mapu India na karisu thawoide haibasi mipum khudingmakna khangnaraba waphamni. Beijingda september 5, 1995 ta phamkhiba Women’s Rights are Human Rights haiba khollaobu thawoide. d.

Wakhal mapung phadriba meewoi kaya khomjinduna lalhoubagi maikhum upsinduna micham miyamdagi puba thangba ngamloidaba senkhai-thumkhai touhanduna, lalhoubabu lanna unanaba hotnari, masina yawol ihouga miyamga lapna leinabai lambi adu silli. Matang asida ningsingjaningba amana, Chinese Revolution da Japanese Emperor na Chiyang Keisek pu sijinnaduna. Revolutionary gi masingdagi Reactionary masingna adukki matik masing henkhiduna RedArmy singbu koisinduna tumna hatnaba sinduna lanmi lising 80 gi mathakta hatkhi. Khudong thiba phibam adudagi nanthoknaba hontbada mile lising 6 khongna chahi mari chupna chatkhiba ngasi phaoba malemgi mipum khudingmakna ‘Long March’ kaoba ngamdana leiri. e.

Miyam tinba maphamda nongmei kapsinduna amadi bomb phumjinduna micham chomlap-chomlap hatpa madugumba phattaba thoudok adubuna Yawol Ihouda taisilli.

Masi chahi kaya lisang sitna Iramdam Manipur da, Loilam leingak mapu India na chatthaduna lakli. Khunnai asigi miyamna Yawol Ihoubu lanna amadi yeknaba oina unaba poram kaya yatli habasi yawol liklamda chumna chatliba lupsingna punsinduna kok chungsinnabagi matam adu hellabani.

EDITOR vi

CONTENTS

1.

Yaipha Paojel (Presidential Speech)

i

2.

Editorial

iii

3.

"Nupi Lal" Hangatna Yenglubada

1

4.

Meeyamgi Ehou Kayada Achouba Thoudang Louriba Civil Society Organisationsingda Myamgi Thajaba Manglakpa

5.

6.

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Karigidamakta Thoumisingna Wakhallonpomit Tangaiphadaba Oirak-i-bano?

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Malemgi Phurupsinggi Yawol Ehou

41

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1 “NUPI LAL�

HANGATNA YENGLUBADA WAHOUDOK : Malemsina thungna loilam leingak sangdoklamba loilam mapu British na akhoigi divide and rule gi kham thengba upai shijinaduna matamdugi ning-kha tamba ningthou panba leibak oina panjaramba manipur 1891 gi aroiba Anglo Manipuri warda makhoigi makha polhalkhi. Makha polhanlabasu mapung phana kangleipakpu neihatpadi ngamkhide. Mathouna maringjel leiraba manipurisingna thengkhang kayada yeknaba mairong yakhi,.

1

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

1904 gi ahanba nupi lal : Britishki Rosdensi mei thadoktuna tumna chakhalli haibagi namada eeng 1904 da British sarkargi political Agent Mexwelna Manipuri nipashingbu namduna meenai oina shijinanaba hotnarakhi. Yumthong khudingi wa, ee, wachet, khaihanduna adutasu natana Imphalgi leikai 4 na kabodagi chingshu U yalhanduna bangla shagadabani haiduna hukum thokkhi. Hukumdugi matungeena nupishingna rosdenshi shanaba purakpa wa, e, wachetnachingba pumnamakkhwairamband keithel yourakpa atamda manipuri nupishingna mullaga nambul turelda langthakhi. British sarkargi amadi makhoigi khubangnungda leiraba ningthougi hukum atamnana shingnakhi.

Masigumba nupishinggi 1904 eehousibu ahanba nupilal haina khangakhi.

December 12, 1939 gi 2 shuba nupilal : Makhatana loilam leingaklongi akanba shaphu kayasu Manipuri nupishingna thouna phana thengnaduna lakhi.

December 12, 1939 eenggi anisuba nupilal , supnatagi cheng tangbamakki thokkhiba natte. leipak asigi wayel pathap na meecham praja kayagi hak ngakpiraktraba khunai ashigi ashengba shaktambu namshilduna thamnaba hotnarakkhiba kayagi mayokta shagatlakkhiba eehouni. ashitasu natana Churachand maharajgi leingak makhada meecham praja kayana awaba cheitheng kaya nangkhi. Khardang pallabada:(1)

Laibakta thinliba chandangi shenmahi (jari) louba.

(2) nahut-narenggi pass napet shel louba (3) emung ama gi nupa-nupi khainabagi wakheishel (jari) lupa ama mam touhanba (4) louonbagi amil chathak, yarek shantri prajabu touhanba (5) tera masha, mapal, mahei, mana aduna taramliba yumbu adubu tha 6 jail aduga lupa 50/- jari touba. Kayasigi mayokta houkhiba

2

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

nupi meeyamgi hounaruba naidaba eehouni.Aduga ngashigi 2002 A.D. gi meerolona eehou ashibu ningshingba , neinaba, meepum tingna khangminabagi tangaiphadaba nongma nongmagi hengatlakli.

Meereibaki damakta sharuk yakhiba eema kaya : “Nupilal” hek nishinglubada eeramdamshigi thouna phabi eema kayagi meeng pandaba eyamak yaraktre Makhoidudi (1) Ayekpam rajani devi (2) Tongbram Shabi devi (3) Nongthombam Ongbi Khongnang devi (4) Wangkhem Ongbi Kumari Devi (5) Oinam Ningol Mukhi devi (6) Rajkumari sanatombi Devi (7) patsoi Leirel Devi (8) Wahengbam Tongbou Devi (9) Loitam Tombimacha devi (10) Sharungbam Ibemton devi (11) laishram leibaklei devi (12) Bamol Khambi devi (13) Aribam Chaobiton Devi (14) Bamon Chaonuhal devi (15) Chingangbam Ibemhal Devi (16) Laimayum maipakpi devi (17) laishram Amubi devi (18) kangjam Ongbi Sanajaobi devi (19) Ningombam Ibemcha devi (20) bamon Ashangbi Devi (21) leishangthem Ongbi Ibemhal Devi (22) Soibam Ningol yaimabi devi (23) keisham Ningol Tingong devi (24) Mongjam Ongbi Chamu devi (25) Loukrakpam Lakhi devi amadi maming matha pandraba eema kaya ama sheithabada loiba nate.

Eeing 1939 gi June gi aroiba sharuktagi August mayai phaoba nong kanna chukhibana Kangleipakki loubuk kaya manghankhi. Ashumna chathok chang hanthakhi. Poinu thamaktasu nong kaya chubana akutpa loupham kaya thumjilkhi.

Mashigi phalna kangleipakta kum asida shoidana phou chengtanglagani haibagi meepaiba pokkhi. Mashi Khangladuna State sharkar na september gi 13 gi resolution 11 shubada makhada cheng thadokpa thingnabagi warep lourakkhi. Adubu Churachand maharaj na yadabadagi Kohuimada amadi Shodiya da leiba Assam Rifle shiphaisinggki chananaba “Lal-Pass”

3

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

peeduna cheng tharakkhi. Political Agent oiriba Mister Christopher Jimsonna makhatana takshilakpadagi amuk hanna September 23 da darbar resolution ama amuk taduna Kohimada leiba meeoisingna chanaba tha adumakki oina mon 800 aduga mathang tha khudinggi oina mon 2000 thaba yanakhi.

Masimasu meeyamgi khoisaonaba hengatlakkhi. pikliba mathanunggi machasingna mapuk lamduna mamagi matambakta aram khourang ba khangbabu karamba mamana ningaidana leithokpa ngamgani. Ahal oiraba mama-mapa manem-amku kayana chaningai leitabagi meichak khangba karamba machamamouna yuengduna leiba ngamgani.Ashumna Kanglei Khunai asigi nupi meeyamgi eehou ama lakpagi bartan thaba hourakkhi.

Hakachabada Khut thajilba : “mangolchand kashturchand and Company” da sarkarna gari chathok chasingi tax loubagi thabak shinnba mashimakna marwarishingna mapanda leptana cheng thadokkhi. Mapanda cheng thadokpa thingu haiba meeyamgi khollaogi mayokta chengpak amadi Ushnadi kuina thambada patha pungtharakkani haijilduna mapanda thadokpa maharajnasu ayaba peekhi. eeng shok 1939 gi December 11 dadi keithelda cheng meruk ama phaoba mashak uba phangkhidre. Khwairamband keithelda nongmagi pot yolluraba eema ebel kayana cheng khuya ama phaoba phanglaktrabada kokta khut hapnare. marwarisingna loina wansinkhre haina wa-wa laonare. Cheirakshida laishram Kanhai amaditakhellambam Bokul ani ashilaklagakeithel nupishing asigapullaga marwari dukanlomda phujillakle. Marwari dukan mamangda leiramba sangari wala phoudaibanachingba adubu thina cheibire “Meeyamna cheng chaningai leitraga nakhoina marwarida lonna phoi taithokee” phaduna pugani haidunanupi mayamdunashangarishingduthoudunaputhorakle Gari walashing aduna haijabadagi mameithangda phou taihandana mayum mayumda hallankhi.Ashumna Ningtham thagi

4

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

Unna thak-thak niklaba ahingdugi nongyai matung da nupi mayam adusu mayum mayumda halhankhi.

December 12, 1939 gi Nupilal : Ngarang ahing thoudoktuda khoisaonaraba kaya ama kharaga henna tonga oi kari oi amukasu henna December 12 gi ayuktagi shandokrakle. ngarangi phou gari mayam ama thanada peekhreye haibanachingba. maikei maikeida nupishingna lambida phou puduna chatpa gari khudingmak phaduna Imphal tamna pukatnarakle. Paothang yeiduna nupi lishing lishing ayukshida tinnaduna Imphal thana amadi darbar Hous ta Phujillakle Darbardagi mile ani ahum gi akoibada nupi ngaktana chikna-chainaba ngamdana tinkhre.

Nupi meeyamna naphuda darbar phamhanba : Darbar President Mistrer T. A. Sarp amadi atei darbar member, Bhashur A. K. Priyobarta, Sawaijam Somorendro, Laimayum Ibungohal, amadi Sanjenbam nadiya makhoigi mathakta nupi meeyamna wakat thagatle. Khangba ngamdraduna makhoina darbar phamba membersing koyom yomlare. Darbar President hek lakpa ubada nupi mayamna “houjikmak cheng thaba thingadabani “ “Houjikmak Mill sing thinggadabani” haina laoshillakkhi. Mister Sarpna darbarda khanajakhige hairaga Office manungda changkhi. Makhoi mashel mot khenaraktuna nupi mayamgi wakatka chunaba warep amata louba ngamkhidre. Nabadwipta leikhiba Maharaj Churachand gi hukum ngaibaromda theidoktuna natei huktaba warol ama taramlaga darbar membersing aningthong phaoduna nathoktuna chenakhre.

Darbar membersing nupi meeyamna Phagatlakpa : Darbar membersing chenakhre haiba paoshi hek tabaga nupi mayam maikei khangdana koichen chennei. Ibungohal

5

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

amadi Mister Sharp phaduna chingduna puraee. Nupi mayamna houjikmak cheng-thaba thingadabani “Laoshillakee� Mister Sharp na Maharajgi hukum yaodrabadi ngamdre, maharada telegram toukhige haijarakpadagi nupi meeyamna Telegram office tanna pharakpa animak amadi member Ph. commission koisinduna purakle. Nungthilgi pung 1.30 tarakpada Sharpna maharajda telegram thakhre, yumda hanjarage haibadu nupi mayamna yaramde.

Maharajna paokhum hallaktrifaoba chatkhiba yaroi haina Telegram office tagi thok handana koishinduna thamkhre.

Major Bulfildna nupi meeyamda laldaba: Nungthilgi pung 2:30 muk tarakpa matamda Assam Riffles ki Commandant Major Buldfild na Darbar President, Kammins amadi darbar member Ibungohal Singh nupi mayamna Telegram office ta fajinduna leikhre haibagi pao fanglammi.

Khudakta Major Buldfild na siphai mayamga loinana Telegram office ta fujillaklammi.Nupi mayamna mabu changhallamde.

Buldfild gi laokhongba dhamkana karisu kannakhidre.

Mameithangda magi bengul khongba siphai ama thanamlaga laptakna handoklaga koubila makhongda lanjaduna leirammi.

Tanja yengduna machit machit yepshillak-khinba nupa makheina mama, mache, mandol kaya mafamduda fajinkhre tabada khoishaonana lao-khongba hourak-e, maikei khangdana nungna thajinba hourakpada bengul khongba sifaiduna bengul marol londuna khongkhibadagidi Buldfild na sangin panba nongmei paiba magi sifaising nupi mayamda hotchinnarak-e. Nongmei gundan thomba, sanginna thinba, khongna butna kaoba nachingba hingcha yaitambagi lichatna khutlai paijadaba eema eebelshingi mashadagi angangba eekheng shinthahankhi.

Meeyamdu Telegram office compound ( houjikki Nupilal Complex leiriba) wangmada tanthorak-e. Telegram officeki makha

6

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

thangbada achouba pukhri ama leirammi pukhri adu thambalsu yamna hourammi hai maduda nupishing amamamta oina langtharammi. Yamna thina shokpa Tingong Devi Yaimbi Devi aduga khara thina shokpa nupi 21 khakti manungda taduna leirammi. Hanba naidaba nupi mayamna Telegram office adu koishinduna ahing nongyai faoba thamkhi. Ashengba lal haibadumak chap chana oikhi. Makha tana chattharakpana mapanda cheng thaba mill takpanachingba pumnamak thingkhi.

Waroisin: Manipur meeyamgi punshigi mamal leina, mating leiba khunai ama oihanbada nupishingna mashakthokna sharuk yakhiba nupilalni. Eema eebel kaya ama Police na fakhi.

Feirengnaba case kaya panshinduna makha tana ot-neikhi. Jail da kaya ama fajinkhi. Adum oinamak, hanba naidraba eemashinggi katthokpa, mathouna maringjellna malemda tangna thokpa Nupilal haibashimadi mutpa naidana ngashigi meerolda khudol tamlamle.

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7

2 "MEEYAMGI EHOU KAYADA ACHOUBA THOUDANG LOURIBA CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATION SINGDA MEEYAMGI THAJABA MANGSILLAKPA" WAHOUDOK. Manipur asi Conflict situation gi cheina fanglaba conflict zone gi manung chanba state amani. Eramdam asida leiriba meeyamni hakthengnana awaba nangliba. Asigumba awaba gi cheina piba pamdaba thoudok wathok kayada Government asina khangsin usinnadana leisinkhiba matamda meeyamgidamak laobikhongbinaba mee oi, natraga mee oi kanglup amagi mathou tarak ee. Matangasidani meeyamgidamak ni haiduna leiriba Civil Society Organisation singgi thoudang utnarakliba. Tongan tonganba pandamda lingkhatnakhiba amadi safonglakkhiba oiragasu ereipak –eramdamsigi meeyamna ning kha tamna, ingna chikna, khuya tusitna meepan tangdana panba ngamnabagi panthung adudi chap mannei, amatta ngairaba ning tamba haiba pandamsigi aroiba panthung aduni eikhoi pumnamakna talliba. Civil Society Organisation singsu masidagi khak natheiduna chatte. Matang matam chana khollao piba ngamba, amadi mathou taragadi ehou sagattuna Government da safu kanna laosinbangamba CSO nattraga CSO sing aduni meeyamna singthanariba. Ngasi- ngasimak

8

Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

adugumba CSO nattraga CSO sing adu kaya yamna leiri, amadi makhoida meeyamgi thajaba thamlibara nattraga thamdrabara haibasi neinaba mathou tare, aduna masigi neinarol amadi paodam khara makhada thamjari.

CSO SINGNA MATHI FONGLOAKPA : Manipur da karigumba makhal ama natraga amagi thoudok wathok hek thorakpa matamda press statement thokpa, media gi khuthangda kanna- kanna fongba, condemn touba, chinga khutka yengnabada china khara hentak leiba asi chatnabi ama oire. Meesimeena, meehat- meepun amagi matangda fongna condemn touba ngamba haibasisu amaromdadi singthaningai oiba thounani louba yai, tumliba meeyambu houdoktuna mameet panghanba haibasisu CSO singgi achouba thoudang amani. Eikhoi meeyamna hek pamlibana leingak mapusinggi mathakta thamliba akanba wafam amadi cheksin waheisingsi thabak onthoknaba makha taba line of action kaya paikhatpirakpa aduni. Kanagumba CSO kharadi kabak-kabak laoramlaga tumin leisinkhiba yaodaba natte. Thouna fana chongthorakpa CSO aduna loukhatlakpa khongthang kharada meeyamnayaninglagadi adumakmasanatunginjarakkani,nattaduna namfu hafuda meeyambu hoiduna punaba hotnaraba, matangsidani apam- pamda, fei-fatte, aduni- adani haina tongan-tonganba wakhallon kaya fongdoknarakpa, adusu tumminna eikhoi masen closed door daneinabagi mahutta, press/ media gi khuthangda hekta laonarakpa, sengdok- sengjin kaya ama tounari ngeida Government na khudong chaba louriba. Mameithangdadi mayok nagadouriba issue adudagi natheikhiduna feirangnana eikhoi masen tungda hu oihouraga agitation adusu fail oiba kaya amani.

23/7 KHWAIRAMBAND KEITHEL FAKE ENCOUNTER GI EHOU KUPTHANA NEINABA: Masimakni handakta maithikhiba 23/7 Khwairamband Keithel gi fake encounter gi meehat ki mayokta houkhiba ehou.

Numit adugi ayuk pung 10.30 muk tabada khwairamband keithel

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

da kapnare maduda mou naha ama, UG ni haiba nipamacha amaga sire haibasi meeyamna tanakhi. Numittu Manipur StateAssembly gi meefam chatharibana numittugi business singhouse na khannaba loiraba matungda house ta thoudok adugi matangda General discussion ama houseki leader oiriba Chiefministernapukhatladuna khannakhibani. Khannakhiba aduda saruk yakhiba Member khudingmakna thoudok adu condemn toukhi. Home gi portforlio su pairiba Chief Minister Okram Ibobi Singh na House ta pikhiba khudakki oibastatement amagi matunginna,“Commando perssonel singna BT road ki Samu makhongda frisking touringeida Uripoklomdagi chingnaningai oiba mawongda naha ama lakkhi, mahakpu lepnaba khanghallubada nongmei ama sattoklaga kaplakpaga loinana nongmei kapla kaplaga BT road ki nongpoklomda chenkhi, Police na paktharaga tannakhi amadi mee oi adu Maimu pharmacy kouba amada chensinkhi, mahakpu surrender tounaba khanghallubada Police tamna nongmei kaplakpadagi Police na handuna kappada meeoidu mafamdumaktada sikhi amadi mangondagi chamber da yaoramba maru ama yaona maru mari yaoba 9mm gi Mouser Pistol ama fangkhi “ hainaChief minister na fongdokkhi. Meeoi duna nongmei kap kaptuna chenbadasulav toilet complex manaktanupi ama siraga meeoi mangana sokkhi,” haina Chief minister na makha takhi.

“Meeoi adudagi fangba driving licence ki matung inna mahak asi Khurai sajor leikai da leiba Chungkham sanjit Meetei apokpa Ch.Khellen kouba amagi mingda issue toubani. Aduna Lalhouba thengnanaba hatpa nattana upai leite” hainasu Chief Minister na makha takhi.

Numit adugi General discussion motion adugi khannabada saruk yakhiba House ki Member singna violence thingnanaba Government na loukhatlakpa thabak singda sougatkani haikhi.

Numit adugi khannaba aduda saruk yakhibasingdi, opposition leader, Radhabinod Koijam, MLADr. Irengbam Ibohanbi Singh, MLATh. Shyamkumar, opposition gi MLAOkram Joyna chingba

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

amadi rulinggi MLA Kh.Ratankumar, Minister K.Ranjit, Md.Allauddin Khan na chingbana saruk yaraduna “houjik thokliba hingsagi thoudok sing peisagi ngaktani, peisagi mee hatpa ngamle, peisana khwaidagi wangba ishwar oire, philosophy su ideology su yaodre, nupi mayam ama thoktuna dharna touribasing nayum- nayum chatlo, nacha nasusing warak watem touro haina convince touba tabani, ruling opposition amadi party gi wafam thadoklaga amatta oina lepminnaraga masidagi henjinba yararoi haisi. Touribasing asi sengi ngaktani. Leibaksi ningkha tamhange haiba natte selgi damaktani, Leibak singda leiramba achouba lalhouba lupsing loisinbadi ngamlaga masina karigi ngamloidouriba, Union government ki ayaba louraga chap chana habenghourasi, mingna lalhouba haiba manungdana peisa collection touba, masi thengnahoudrabadi tunggi meerolna soidana warourakkani, khangba ngambagi pangkheidu hellabani,NGO sing, Ima ibel sing amadi praja pumnamak tummina leifam thoktre, UG na dictate touraga chatlu haiba mafamda chatliba Over Ground da leibasing, thika fangnaba chenliba NGO sing, fajana bhap tahanba darkar oire hainakhi.

Chief Minister na “leibak asi makhoina panbara, Government na panbara sengdoknadrabadi yararoi� haiba wafam faoba thamduna wajao ngangladuna ngakchao thekkhibani.

Nonganbagi local paper singda foto ga konana fonglakpa meeyamna panakhi, meehat adu broad daylight ta, meeyam mangda fongna chatthakhiba amani. CDO singna meerakta brust fire touduna nongmei pangkapta kappadagi Thokchom Ongbi Rabina Devi (23) mapuroiba Th.Chinglensana, Lamdeng khunou, da leibi asi khudakta makokta nongmeina panduna sikhi.Atoppa nahaduna hana UG group amagi meeoi oiramlabasu houjikti meecham oina leirabani haikhi. JNHospital da laikannaduna leiba mapanthou sennba amadi chak thindok thinjin toubagaloinana numittugi ayukta hidak leigani haiduna yumdagi thokkhibani, haina magi imung

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

manungnafonglakkhi.Farabamatungdamakhut challagahattokpiba thamoi sokna pende hainasu fongdorakkhi.( vide local paper dt.23/ 7/2009& 24/7/2009).

PENDABAGI EHOU – SAGATNARAKPA: July23, 2009 numittumakki nungthil 3 pm gi ISTV gi paoda meehat aduda leikhidrabi nupi adugi asengba masak maming khangdri amadi mana purakpa chahi 2 makhai romtamak ngairiba angang nipamachadu keithel fambi ima amana poraga leiba utlakkhi.

Numidanggi paodadi masakmamingleifam khangleloinanameehat adubu yaningdaba fongdokladuna United Committee Manipur gi President na luchingba team amana thoudok thokfamda chattuna yengsinkhi, RIMS hospital da laikannariba asokpa mangagi fibam yenglaba matungda RIMS ki morque ta leiriba leikhidrabi ( Rabina ) amadi UG ni hairiba ( Sanjit ) ki asiba hakchangsing hakthengnana hospital gi expert yaona physical examination touhanbada mounaha adu ( Rabina ) tha 6 ki naopure haibasu khangkhi( from primary & secondary media sources). Loinana media gi mamangda thoudok adugi briefing piduna condemn touba pao meeyamna unakhi/ yengnakhi. Makha tarakpada nonganba 24/7 gi ayukki paper da ngarang ahing nongyaidagi houraga pung 24 gi Manipur bund koukhi, kanana kamdouna asuk thuna bund kouribano haibagi chamamnaba faonakhidaba natte,amaromda Manipur Government na erang hourakkadabagi mami urabadi CRPC gi makhada 144 thamjinba, khudakta curfew laothokpa na chingba thourang kayagi makhada athingba thammi, asigumba Government gi athingba kayasida nakoinana mateng pangsinba oina thokpa kayasu malhalli.

Asumna khanghoudana Nupi Lupsingna Manipur Bund kousinkhibana maram oiduna, khudakta bund laothokpasina yaningdaba utpagi athuba khongthangdi oiragasu, bund gi wahanthok leitraba Manipur gumba state amadadi meeyamhupna changsinba mayoknaba struggle haibadudi oihanbada apnba pi, ahoinana Government gi mateng pangsinba oin 144 amadi curfew gi mateng pangsinduna meeyambu yum- yumda sumjinduna

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

thamjinba oina thokkhidaba natte.

CONDEMN TOUBA AMADI JAC SEMBA: Makha tarakpada Manipur gi hounabi tongan- tonganba Lup, khongtek mittang kayanasu media gi khuthangda akanba condemn touba kaya leptana fongnarakkhi. Cheiraksida leikhidrabi Rabina Devi gi poknafam maikei Lamsangda meeyamgi meefam pangthoktuna “Fake Encounter da hatpani, loinana meehat sida chennaba Commando sing khudakta cheirak pigadabani, asengba khangdoknaba meehat asi Judicial inquirytou,matik chadraba Chief Minister Okram Ibobi Singh moral ground da fam thadok u,” haiba khollao kaya laokhi. Meefam aduna JAC ama su semkhi.

Amaromdana Khurai maigeigi meeyam amadi Lup kayana Sanjit ki meehatpu pendabagi meeyamgi meefam pangthoktuna fake encounter gi meehat adubu condemn toubaga loinana JAC amasu semkhi. Asumna 23/7 gi fake encounter gi incident gi matangda JAC ani tongan-tonganna semkhre.

CHIEF MINISTER O.IBOBI SINGH NA THOUSA WASADABA: Meehat asigi matung numit 5/6 nidi thoidokpa masak naiba step amatta Government ki maikeidagi loukhatlakkhide. Lup kayana pendabagi khollaoda CM Ibobi moral ground da fam thadok u haina maikei kayadagi laonarakpadu Government sina manada hapte, mathunna tade. Amaromda “Khwairamband keithel gi meehat Manipur Human Right Commission na SUO MOTU case loukhatkadabani,” “ State Human Right Commission leitrabasu yare,” haiduna Manipur gi civil society organization singgi apex body oiriba UCM na news paper gi khutthangda laorakkhi.( vide local papers dt. 30/7/2009). Tongan-tonganba Lup kayanasu akanba khollao kaya laorakkhi. Eikhoigi intelligence report ki matung inna Manipur Human Rights Commission gi Chairman WASishak na retired toukhibana Member ahum khaktang leihoubagi manungda Member anina thawai yaodabana meeyamgi

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

interest ta SUO MOTU case loukhatpa ngamdana leikhi, makhoigi manungda MemberShri RS Rajkumar na leipakkidamak khanduna loukhatfam thok ee haina chap yungna lepkhibana leikhidraba Th.Rabina Devi gi mapuroiba Thokchom Chinglensana Singh na MHRC da tharakpa complaint petition amabu admit touraga July 30, 2009 da SUO MOTU case ama loukhatpa houkhi. Masimak MHRC gi yamna mathou khangba amadi maramdamgidamak angamba thoudang yabagi mayek laraba khudamni. Case asi hek admit touba matungdagidi one man inquirycommission na asengba langla- langjin thijin humjinba kanna chatthaba hourak khi. Numit kharanigi matungda MHRC gi Member aduna RIMS ta chattuna, thoudok thokfam Khwairamband keithel da chattuna investigation kanna changsinbagi pao fangkhi. TH.Rabina Devi gi da nattana Mr.Mangal Golmei gi complain petition amabusu admit touraga punna paikhatpa houre.

July 31, 2009 da TAHELKA . COM journal na 23/7 Khwairamband keithel meehatpu asengba fake encounter ni haibagi mayek laraba foto kaya chaithorakkhi, CSO kayanasu Tahelka .com gi foto kayasibu lalli haiba ngambagi thouna Manipur Government ki mafamda leiribara haina fongna hangnarakkhi.Loinana akanba ehou changsinningbagi fring fring chongnarakkhi. Maikei kayadagi laonarakpa khollaona maral leiba Commando personal cheirak piba ngamdaba, DGP mafam louthok u, pumnamaksina ,maram oiraga Chief Minister moral ground da fam thadok u haibasini.

MANIPUR GOVT NA LAIGI SOIDANABA MEEYAMBU MOITHEM TOUBA: Amaromda Manipur Government kidi yamna thengna meeyamgi asaobana mei houraba matam,August 8,2009 khaktada temporary Inquiry Commission ama semlaga tande mande hougatlakkhi. Adusu meeyamna boycott toukhi, kanamatta Commission gi mangda leptuna statement pikhide, kainathangda

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

Government na stage managed touraga mee oi ama ani puthoktuna dramakumhankhi,thoinamaheiyanbaleitri.Supnatanggimeeyambu moithem tounabathourangni. Manipur Government kidi immediate action loubagi firep amatta leite, supnagi delaying tactics sannaduna inquirycommission ama semkhre inquirychatthari haibagi mingda otlei parei tuduna ikaiba machet amatta poktaba makhei yumleima dagi henna mai kanna khangkhi, ngasimaksu ningaidana ngakchao thekna leiri MHRC MANUNGDA TIN CHANGBA- THAROI AHAMBANA KHONGDA YUBA: Matang asida MHRC gi inquiry yamna yangna meeyamgi full co-operation ga loinana changsillak khi, adubu Commission na security gi mee oi kaya wahang paohang tounaba summon thaduna koubada lakkhide, DGP masasu otlei palei touduna lakkhide. Onna teinabada Manipur Government na masagi MHRC gi mathakta case ama filetourakkhi.� MHRC gi Member RS Rajendra na inquiry loidringeida media da Provocative oiba wafam kaya sandokle, meeyambu mei hounaba erang sagatle, khudakta MHRC gi inquiry laphanbiyu� haina Guwahati High Court ta file tourakpani. Houjik maksu yamna kanna State Government ka maranai oina Member amakhaksiga thengnari. MHRC gi oinasu yamna fajadaba, makhoi ahumkhak leihouribaasida actingChairmandusu retire tougadabagi tharak tharak yanduna leiraba loinana health ground da service ta inactive oiraba, amana mapu na channaba asengba manai oiduna leithokkhibaaduna makhoi ahumgi maraktaunity&integrityleitaba, masagi mathou masak khangdaba Member tamak oiningba, Member amagi marek mahao, pay, status and previledge aduta meehouba ereipak eramdamgi wakhal machet amatta yaodraba tharoi ahambaoinaadummakleithokkhibayamnamaklaibakthibani.

Adubu phouham mayam khomjillagasangbai amapugadabagi saruk achangba maru ama khaktang leibana henna fabasu lei. Asumna ngasi faobadasu case adu chatthari.

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

MEEYAMGI APAMBA MAIKEIDA APUNBA LUP NA LAMJINGBA NGAMDABA: Manipur da mahousana pamdaba thoudok wathok ama hek lakpada CSO sing hounaruba naidana hekta thoknarakpani, matang chana issue adugi damak leiba chanaba CSO aduna spearhead oiraga meeyambu luchingduna khongjel yangna changsillabatada ehou adu mai paknabagi lambini. Ningsingba yai, Manipur daBritishna Kangleipakki leingaklonda khut thingjillingei, PoliticalAgentnaleinaribaBunglowmanungdayumkayameithadok ee, haibagi cheirak oina Manipur gi nipa singbu namduna force labour oina Burma dagi teak lourunaba order thoktuna nipa singbu namduna punaba hotnarakpagi mayokta Manipuri nupi singna British ki mayokta houkhiba ahanba Nupi Lan,1904 haina khangnari, khutsemgi cheng tangba thokhannaba, Manipur da fangba ahaoba cheng makhei mapanda thadoktuna cheng chaningai leisillaktabagi mayokta houkhiba keithel fambi ema singgi anisuba Nupi Lan, 1939 kaoba leitri ngasi faoba. Makha tarakpada 1965 ki chak trangbagi mayokta maheiroi khunnaina houkhiba ehouda semkhi, All Manipur Student’s Union (AMSU). Ngasi faobada Hunger Marcher’s Day, 27th August haina observe tounari.

Samjinna yenglabada, NSCN(IM) amadi GOI anigi Cease Fire Agreement ta Without Territorial Limit haiba wafam yaosillakpagi, mayoktaManipur gi ngamkheida cease fire extension touba yaroi haibameeyamgi ehoudatungkoinaManipur gi territorial integrity amadi unity sagattuna eramdamsida peace puraknaba achouba thoudang lounabagidamak CSO singgi apex body oina United Committee Manipur (UCM ) semkhi, Makha tarakpada Bamon kampu dagi Thangjam Manorama bu Assam Rifles na mayumdagi faduna pukhraga, nupi oibigi ekai khumnababu sarak tamlaba matungda meehat thina hattoklaga langthoklambabu yaningdaba gi ehouda lup 32 na pullaga semkhi,”Apunba Lup.” 23/7 gi meehatsibu yaningdaba meeyamna amadi Lup kayana magi magi ngamjabi level da khollao kaya laonarakle,

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

khongjang kaya changsinnaba sem sanare, luchingbinaba leitabana pumchai chaina leire. Hakthengnana saruk yadragasu, moral support touba meeyam amadi Lup kaya, handakki ehou asida mapung oiba mayon amadi eikhoigi target ti asini haina masak naiba Lup kayana laonarakle. Manipur Government ki mayokta akan akanba wafam kaya thamnarakle, JAC anisu magi magi level da khongjang hourakle, matang asidani Apunba Lup ta meeyamna thajaba thamdunamakhoigi yaka ngaiduna leinakhiba.Adubulaibak thibadi seihou dagi adummak sonna houkhi, meeyamna mangjin tharaga makhoina toudaba yadabagi matougum tapna tapna tungillakkhi. JAC amadi atoppa Organisation singnathorak pa press statement na henna kanba amadi safu leiba,mai on chumba wafam oina unakhi.Adum oinamakApunba Lup na laothorakpa agitation kaya mapung fahannaba meeyamna hotnakhi. Khongjel tappagi mathakta paring naina yatthoklaba strategy laothokpa ngamdaba asinasu meeyamda chamamnaba helhalli. Matung tarakpadadi mana mana pamba thabak pangtou tounarakpagi fibamda unakhi.

LUP manungda amana Government ga wari sanaduna ehou loisinba pambagi, kharana kansinba pamba, makhal mathen kaya thorakpa meeyamna tanakhi.

EHOU ASIGI LAIBAK THIBA TANGKAK KI AHOUBA: Ehougi chattharakpa oina Governor da Memorandum pisingani haina laothokkhi, Governor gi gate tagi ahanba oina Memorandum pisinba lakpi Ema ahum police na fajinkhi, loinana NSA da detained toukhi. Mathanggi numitta Ema kharabu SDPO Imphal west na puduna Governor da memorandum pisilhankhi.

Adubu laibak thibadi unnabada yaoruba Ema singna Governor na meehat adugi matangda thigatnaba numit 30 nigi matam pibiyu haibada haraona yathoklamba, masimakna ehou asi numit 30 nigi suti thadokkhiba asimak achouba asoiba ama oikhi.Makha tarakpada khongjang kari oigadage hangnaduna meeyam leinakhi.

Chattharakkhiba ehoududa JAC anina achouba thoudang

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

loukhiba mayamna khang ee. Sanjit ki JAC na Patriots Day 13th August 2009 da RDS crossing da khilliba Thangal General gi statue adu maikhum hangdoknabagi thouram yaoba lakpada Chief Minister bu boycott touduna protest tounaba ema khara thourang touraga changsillakpada lambida security na fajinkhi.

Madumak yamna laibak thiba anisuba thoudok oikhi, aduna maram oiduna nongmalock up ta thamjinkhi,nonganbada thadoklaga Chief Minister ga wari sanahankhi, wari sanaruraba matungda, ISTV gi pung 3 gi pao da, Sanjit ki JAC gi Secy na Chief Minister na paisilliba home gi portforlio thadok u, meehat asi CBI da thigatnaba sinnou, haiba demand toukhre, hairakpada meeyamna pennakhide, adubu numittugi 5pm gi paoda yamna sonthangnana Apunba Lup na talliba demand sing ahongba leitana fangdrifaoba mateng panggani haina sengdorakkhi. Matangsida gi houre JAC sen chare haibagi meeyam marakta pennadaba.

Hannadagi houna climax youba ingam ngamdaba ehou asi asum- asum sitharaktuna kari tougadage haiba chamamnaba manna unakhi.Amaromdana Chief Minister na makhal makhal gi chirol kharol touduna famjao nomdanaba magi colleague singkanna furitkhao cholhalli,Delhi gi mapunachanbinabamagi huiroisingthathaduna athenpot kathalli. Manipur gi chindong yaitongba kharana asengba paodam ama hek Delhi gi mapi singda tamthoklambada CM na amuk pareihanba oina briefcash puduna chatpa, magi achanba khaopunai hekta thaba, onthokna matha saba amadi mathou chinba tanjani. Cheiraksida agitator singda wari sanasi hainasu khaopunai kaya thajillakpa matamni, masida furitkhao cholhouba pamba Lup loisu yaodaba natte. Maraksida agitator sing leptana fagatlaga NSA paduna jail da namsilli, makhoi masen makta koichen chenbada amaga amaga pao faonaba fangdabagi gape chaona leiba unakhi. Makhoina ngamdraga atoppa CSO singna ehou asi pangsillakpadasu makhoi masen warounaba, issue munnabagi mawongda, achumba ehousidagi natheige touba hekhek thengnakhi.

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

MAHEIROIGI LUP AHUMNA CLASS BOYCOTT KI KHONGJANG CHANGSILLAKPA AMADI SAONABADAGI DHORA HURANBA FAOBA HAIDOKNARAKPA GI FAJADRABA SAKTAM: Apunba Lup ki mateng pangsinba oina Manipur gi maru oiba maheiroi singgi lup ahum, haibadiAMSU,MSF and KSAna ehousiga mari leinana class boycott toubagi khongjang changsillakkhi. Makhoigi demand di yamna clear oi haibadi “ Right to life na Right to education dagi henna maru oi “ aduna eikhoi hingnabagi damakkhongjangchangsinli haibani.Ahanbadaeffective oirammi adubu indefinite class boycott tourakpadagidi, tongan tonganba maikeidagi wakhallon kaya fongdoknarak pa ukhi, loinanana Manipur gi puwari da fajadaba tangkak ama houkhi.

Mahei loisangdasu Government amadi private haiba ani leibanina institution makhal khudingmak, tuition centre pumnamak su thingjinkhi.

Masida maheiroi khunnai kanglup ki, mama-mapa oibasinggi, amadi private School / College da puba staff singgi tongan-tonganba viewpoint kayapinarakkhi,indefiniteclass boycott nattaba attoppa pambei amana strike chatthabiyu laonarakkhi.

Achumbasu yao ee, wakai suba, news paper gi headline seeker manba thoudou manbasu yaodaba natte. Punna famminnaduna wari watai tounaba watpa, hodoknadaba loinana nakal nakal chatnabagi mawongmanbakharaukhi meeyamna. Maheiroikhunnaibu leingak mapuna khulai oina sijinnare hainaba faoba yaokhi.

CheiraksidaAll Manipur Student’s GuardianAssociation, amadi Senior Citizen haiba group anina akanba mawongda Class boycott asi handok piyu haina kanna appeal tourakkhi.

Safu kanna laosillakpa asiga, DESAM na maheiroi singgi interest ta class boycott handok u haiba khollao, Right to life ka Right to education ga anigi importance ser fala thangattuna onnaba hotnarakpa, amana amabu hunduna

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

ngangba sakpa, khudam changdam piduna laonarakpasida, are i ar ei b a , ak hang- ak hangba h ai do knar akt u na mameithangdadi dhora huranba faoba haidoklak ee haibadu youkhi. Masigumba kayasina meeyamda chamamnaba amadi fajadaba lingjel mannadabagi mami ama tahankhi, masina apunbagi ehoudugi tongjaba haibadu oihoure haiba tai.

Am u kka hen na l ai ba k t hi ba di , “ s t ep a m a changsinnaba hotnabada retreat tounabagi escape rout ama thamhoudaba “ dagi ninghannabagi cheitheng fangba loinana poloida maithiba nangba.

Ad u k ku i nas u m a hei r oi s i ng l ai ri k t a m ba fanghankhidraba, meecham kaya jail da NSA taduna awaba nanghallaba, tear gas, rubber bullet na mit tanghallaba, mamai chakpa makhei sokhallba soinaiba kaya yaoraba, matungda karisu tongjaba leitana Government ka yanare hairakpa, amadi ehou asigi matangda waroisin purakkhre haina loisinkhiba yamna laibak thiba waroisin ni matungda amuk teksin hanjindanaba wasak warepnaba mathou tai.

Ehou asi loisillaba matungda henna meeyamna paothokpa, chingnaba, lupa crore kaya fangnahouraba haibagi wahang kaya lakkhi. Pao chesingda nongma kangdana chingnabagi wafam kaya fongnarakkhi. Khurai JAC gi Secy gi mathakta sen chare haibagi allegation fongna tourakkhi, Lupa lac 5 loukhre, Senior citizen gi manungda khara hei singba wajao ngangba amanasu lupa lac 1 loukhre hai, 5 loukhre hai tabada onthokna waraba wafam kaya sandorakkhi. Rabina gi JAC da lupa lac 4 Minister Ranjit na magi quarter da kouraga pi, adugi manungda JAC gi oina expenditure khara kaithoklaga Rs 3 lacs na Rabina gi pikliba macha nipagi mingda SBI Paona Bazar branch ta fix deposit oina thamjinkhre haibanachingba kaya lei.AmaromdaApunba lup ki member singsu adu mangai masak mamingpanna laothoktragasumeeyamnadi pang

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

ngang ngangnakhi. Masimakna CSO singda henna thajadabagi maru ama chaona hunkhi.Amaromdana Government na advantage loukhiba yamna laibak thibani.

MATANGSIDA ARMED OPPOSITION GROUP KI INTERVENTION: Amabu oirasu amabu oirabasu ehou ama hourure, asoiba aranba haibasi mahousani soidaba ngamba mee oi leite hainaribani, to error is human being hairibani, adum oinamak future course of action da chaona akaiba, ayetpa, ninghannaba lakkadaba leibanina, matang chana eramdamgidamak thawai pammudana chenliba chonglibaArmed Opposition Group singgisu achouba thoudang lei, kanana kanadagi kari louraga issue adu loisinkhiba, nattraga kamdouna karamba tangkakta asoibadu leikhiba haibasi thidoklaga matung tarakpada meeyamgi thajaba amuk nouhounana sagatpa ngamnaba hotnahanbagi tangai fadaba lei. Media gi khuthangdabu oirasu hakthengnana bu oirasu aphaba achumba message adudi matang chana pihouba tabani.

Eikhoi esa- esana esagi aranba asoibadu yajaba ngamba tai, lankhibada lalle haibagi heinabi thamsi. Thamoi sengna hodoknaba, chamthoknaba, loinana apunbagi lingjelda henna thajaba thambana pumnamakki yaifaba oigani.

****

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3 KARIGIDAMAKTA THOUMISINGNA WAKHALLON-POMIT TANGAIPHADABA OIRAK-I-BANO? Karigidamakta thoumisingna wakhallon-pomit thiba hourak-i?

Taibangpansida akhannaba matam amasung mapham amada thengnariba khudong chadaba phibhamsing aduga mari leinana thoumisingna (activist) masana thabaksing maning touna pangthokchabada amasung khudong chadaba phibhamsing mairong yabada, madudagi phanglakpa thabakki oiba lousingdagi wakhallon-pomit haibasi semba hourak-i. Mityeng asidagi yengba tarabada, thoumi (activist) ama oiraknabagi mathang mathang chatthagadaba thabak (process) asi mapungda tambagi mathang mathang thabak chatthaba aduni, asigumba

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

tambagi khongthangsing asi lanai miwoi amada thengnaribadudagidi kanglup (natraga ihou) amada thengnabaduna yamna toiba amadi tasengna maru oiba helli.

Taibangpansida achumba nattaba karino kharadi eikhoina thengnei, asigumbasing asi eikhoina chumnagi wakhal khanbagi paring amasung eikhoina khangja-heijabaduna hekta chumthokpa yade, maram asina ahanbada eikhoi thoumi ama oiba tai. “Thoumi ama oiba tarabadi; khwaina thajaba leiraktraba, channnapham khanglaktraba leiriba chatnarolgi uchan (system) du, amasung chatnarolgi uchan (system) dubu mapung phana hongdoknaba eikhoina sinba-langba (organize) amadi taksinnabagi saphu (pressure) sagatpa heiba haibasi mathou tai haibasi khanggadabani.�

Ahongba ama puraknabagidamak eikhoina thengnariba lanthengsingda athingba piriba chatnarolgi uchan (system) dumak eikhoina maiyoknariba, thengnabada waraba wathoksinggi (problems) saruk amani. Aduga asigumba chatnarolgi oiba uchan(system) asi ikhang khanghoudana thengnaba (accidental) natraga karigumba kharada mayammakki oina iman-mannaba miwoisingna semba thoudok amadi natte, adubu, thak kharada, masigi mawong matouda masi leitaba yadaba oina eikhoina thengnei, matou asumna loinamaktadi nattabada kharagi makheidi asigumba mahei ama chanaba tambagi mathang mathang chatthaba thabak (process) asi thoumisingna chatthaduna lei. Asum touduna, eikhoigi leipakki oiba achouba waphamsing atei atoppasinggi waphamga samnarakpadagi, amasung atoppabu khudum chanba amadi ithil piba ngamba panggalgi kayatsing (power structure) gi maiyokta wakhallon mannabana maram oiduna amaga amaga sougatnabagi phibham semlakpadagi eikhoi isana isagi phibham khanjarak-i (Thoumi kharadi lairikta haibadu thabak oina pangthoknaba hotnarubada maithiba nangkhibadagi tambagi thak naina mathang mathang chatthaba thabak asi pukhi hek khiba haibadu oi; thoumi

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

kharadadi, masina makhoina machinngeida khangjarambadudagidi henna manung yousinba aruba waphamsingda changsillak-i haina lairik-laisugi oibada thajaba thamlak-i; thoumi kharadana amuk, manunggi oiba wahanthok chap mannaba waphamsing, atoppagi mapanna isagi oiba waphamsinggi waroisin ama puraknaba hotnaba nattabada, masi wakhal lousing leina mayam amagi maraktagi achumchumda khanba heibagi maheini haina lou-i).

Mibu khudum chanba, miyamda ithil piba ngambagi panggal leiba amasung maikei khudingmakta yenglubada eikhoigi maiyokta leptuna leiba chatnarolgi uchansibu eikhoina chainanaba khongpham semnabagidamak thabakki oiba lousing haibasida achouba wahang kharadi chongthorak-i. Ihan hanbada eikhoina irai laina uba, leiriba phibham adudagi chongthorakpa wakhallonpomitki oiba wahanggi makhal amakhakti icham-chamna “Eikhoi kari tougani haibasini. Anisubada, chatnarolgi uchan (system) dugi mahut sinduna thabak thouriba chatnarolgi uchandubu semliba makhal makha kayada masa o in a thabak touriba pum namak (agency) tu khanglakpadagi, eikhoina asumna hang-i, “Karigumba khara chatnarolgi uchandugi maiyokta singnarubada chatnarolgi uchanduna karamna paokhum hallakkani?”

Ahum subada, lanthengna asum asum lusillaklabada amasung eikhoina irai laina mai pakkani haina uraktrabada eikhoina eikhoi isada onsinduna hangjarak-i “Pukninghakchang animak khoijangna kari tougani amasung karamna eikhoi mai pakkani?” Asigumba makhalgi wahangsingsigi paokhum pinaba hotnabada Marxism ga mari leinaba khunnaigi aruba wathoksinggi kayat amasung leisemlongi oiba leibakki maru oiba waphamsing masak khangnaba ahanbada eikhoibu Marxism gi maikeida lamtaklak-i. Matam kaya changna neinaraga puthorakpa

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

M a rx i s m gi w akh al l on- pom i t n a, kari t o uga dage, tungidamak kari wakhal tougadage, amasung karamna mai pakkadage hairibasing asi eikhoida khanghanbadagi thoumisingda masina kharadang mateng oinaduna eikhoina hingliba ngasigi taibangpalsigi asengba masak adu uhallaki. Eikhoina thijinbada phanglakkhibana kari amasung eikhoina khannaningba neinajaningba waphamna kari hairibasing asi atei ama natte masidi leibakki maruwoiba waphamsinggi maramda wakhal lisang thadabagi lambi o i n a n i n g t h a j a n a yo m d u n a s e m l a b a p a o k h u m g i mayomduni.

Marxism na leiseml ongi oina phagatnabagi thourangsing yamna mayek sengna amasung laina khangnabagi tamliba khudolsiga yengnabada miyamna masibu phattana uribasidi samna maphei amakhakni. Marx amasung Angels na makhoi masana leisemlongi oina thabak oina paikhattuna hotnakhiba amasung makhoi anigi ayibasingdu, maikei sinna sandokpa khonjenni hai.

Anisuba (Social democratic), Ahum suba (Orthodox communist) amadi Marisuba (Trotskyist) International gi khutthangda masi maikei kayada wahanthok pikhre amasung henna wangba thakta pukhatkhre, asumna makhoina haibagumna , masidagi hendok-thoidokna makhal-makha kayagi Council-communist, Humanist, Autonomist amasung Non-dogmatic Marxisms hairibasing asidagi leisemlongi oiba mateng pangnaduna eikhoi masen naksinnarakpa eikhoina phangli.

Apanana leisemlon haibasi karino khangnaba hairiba chatnabising asigi manungda mapung marei phahallakkhiba akhannaba paringsingdudi eikhoina ka henna khangninglude, maram asina eikhoina khangninglibadi karino haibada thoumi ama oina eikhoi isana thijinjabada phanglakkhiba khunnaigi phibhamgi

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

sawong- sadaduni. Marxism na piningliba wakhallonduda, masigi mayon oiba saruktuda, paring naina semlaba miwoibana thabak pangthoknabagi wakhallon pomitsinggi manungda wakhallon pomit ama oina loukhattuna, Marxism bu tamnanaba mahei-masing oina, khwaina tamnariba chumnagi maheikoldagi yamna khennaba mawongda eikhoina masi top-topna semgat-sagattuna pukhatlakkhi.

Che asida, Marxism gi oiba lousinggi asengba masak adu taknaba khara henna nung hunjinna thijinba amasung Marxist oiba/oidaba atei thoumisingda masina kari piba ngambage haibadu eikhoina yengba pammi. Thoumisingna makhoi masagi tambagi mathang mathang chatthaba thabak: taibangpan amasung miwoiba masamakki miwoibana thabaktagi lousing phanglakpa, amasung adugumba lousingdubu makhoina ningthijana sem-saduna pukhatlakkhibagi lambising asidagi eikhoina khutmaba pammi.

THABAKTAGI KHANGNAROL

PHANGBA

LOUSINGGI

Thabaktagi phangba lousing hairaga kari khangnabage?

Ken Cole, EP Thomson, Hilbry Wain Wright amasung David Harvey gi makhoina pangthoklamba thabaksinggi mityengdagi khara henna sandokna hairabada, yamna nakoinana hairudrabasu, hektamak apanana oiragadaba wakhallon amadi; miyamda mapa charubadagi thengnaba thoudoktagi natraga icham-chamna thabaktagi phanglakpa lousingdusu nattaba, masamakna apanana miyamgi thoudok aduda yarubada miyamna kari tou-i haiba wakhallonsida eikhoina wayet pinaba pammi.

Mityeng asidagi, taibangpanga sokna-samnarubadagi mapanthonggi potsakki oiba amasung eikhoina khang-uurubadagi masina pambei oiduna, eikhoi taibang miwoiba na masagi wakhal pukninggi makha pondaba potsaksing (khunnai

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

amasung taibang miwoiba nattaba) mapanthonggi oiba taibangpangi maramdagi sagatlakpa thabakna amasung laina khangba yaba mawonggi lousing hairibasing asibu thabaktagi phangba lousingni haina khangnei.Asumna, thabakki oiba laina khangba yaba mawonggi lousing haibasi manglamchatta leiramba miwoisinggi mahut sinna thoudang lounabagi yattuna semlaba kayatsinggi manungda lanai miwoi amaga atoppasingga leinaba marida masamak yaosinduna ayaba piba natraga masamakti yaodana ayaba piba, maduda makhoigi khunaigi oiba machat haibasing asida makhoina saruk yabada, masina maram oiduna semlakpa lanai miwoi amagi matik-magunduni. William Blake na anouba wapham ama oina hairambada, masi, lanthengsingda litthokpa yadana yaoduna adum leiba, ahingbasingna toudaba yadaba, asinachingba asigumna, eikhoi isana thabaktagi phangba lousinggi matik-mangam amasuni.

Thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi eikhoina karigi hekta hanna khangnaba/unaba touribano? Maramdi masina miwoibana wakhal, lousing leibagi phibham laknaba touriba, hairiba amadi khalliba asinachingba pumbagi houphamni; masigi manungda leiba eikhoigi popham amasung masidagi taibangpangi oiba eikhoigi wakhal, lousing tarakpagi phibham adu pirak-i, amasung miwoibana taru-uruba, sokna-samnarubadagi ihan hanna phangba lousinggi sagatlonsida soidana thengnaragadaba lambising: wakhalna sagattuna anouba ama semba heiba taibang miwoibana hingliba phibham adu khangnaba hotnaduna makhoina makhoi masada yaojariba thabak touba ngambagi panggalsing sijinnaduna khudong thibasing makhoina maiyoknaribadu karamna henna paring chumna semgadage haibasi makhoida maram chana khandok-khanjil touba ngamhalli, masina miwoibagi wakhal lousing leibagi phibham pangthok-i, asum touduna eikhoina kari tougani/touroi haibasi khandok-khanjil tou-i. Thajaba haibasina thabaktagi phangba lousingbu khangnabagi waroisin ama puraknaba hotnei, masina atabi waroisin amada purak-i amasung thabaktagi phangba

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

lousinggi wahanthok pi… Lannai miwoi amagi thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi thajaba haibasida hanna youraba matungda thaktorakpa mami amani, masina lannai miwoi amagi tasengna thabaktagi phangba lousing adubu pak-sanna, khunnaigi oina, asengba taibangpanga chusinnanaba khunnaidugi natka mari leinana taru-tarunaba chumthoktuna semmi. Aduna, thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi, wakhal pukninggi makha pondana oiriba phibhamsing: [Ahongba ama lakpada masigi mathang mathang chatthaba thabak] adugi khunnaigi oina wakhal-lousing tarakpagi matou asigumba phibhamsing asigi marakta waroisin ama puraknaba hotnarakliba tangkhai ama lotliba lousinggi mawong maril tadriba pak-sanna leiriba mapung oiba saruktuni, asigumbasing asi ‘Khunnai oina khutlingba miwoiba’’ marakta thoklagadi totna-tinnaba, khanghoudana maiyon ama semduna insillakpa, yeikhai-thugaiba, khunnaigi oina wakhal-lousing tarakpagi oiba matou asumna u-ee. Thabaktagi lousing phanglaba miwoisingna anouba aruba waphamsing khannaba thanggatlak-i, amasung masigi mathakta makhoina thabaktagi phangba lousingdu henna wangba thak ama younaba leppa leitana kakhathallak-i…….. Khunnai oina khutlingba miwoiba marakta thourang ama oina sinnaruba naidana thabaktagi phangba lousing asi mapung marei pharak-i, aduga masi wakhal thadaduna khandragadi mapung marei phaba ngamde; nupa amasung nupi haiba taibang miwoibasingsi… wakhal khanba ngamba thawai panbani, amasung makhoina makhoida makhoigi taibangda thengnariba amadi thokliba thoudoksing adugi maramda karamna oiraklibano haina wakhal tou-i, aduna thabaktagi phangba lousingna mapung marei phaba ngammi. Eikhoina haininglibasi karino haibada ahongba haibasi khunnai oina khutlingba miwoiba manungda thok-i, masina thabaktagi phangba lousingdubu henna wangba thakta honghanduna mapung marei phahalli amasung asigumba thabaktagi phangba lousingna karigumba mawong kharada asengbasing puthorakkhibaduna leiriba khunnaigi oina wakhal-

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lousing tabagi matoududa saphu leina ithil pirak-i. ‘Materialist mityeng’ karino haibadugi masi tangkhai amani: haibadi, masina asengba taibangpangi thabakki oiba maiyoknabada khudong chadaba wathoksing lomda yamna maru oina changsilliba wakhal-lousing leibagi matoudu khangi. Wakhal-lousing leibagi matouna asengba achumbasing amasung oiriba phibhamsinggi maramda mayek sengna amadi laina khanghalli haina masina haibadi natte, adugi mahutta, masidi eikhoina eikhoi isagi punsida thengnariba eikhoigi houjik-houjik chatthariba wakhal khanbagi paringduna eikhoigidamak thabak touraktraba matamda eikhoibu wakhal khannaba insilliba, amasung eikhoigi wakhal khanbagi paring hongdoknaba eikhoibu insilliba maiyoknabada waraba wathoksingduni. Eikhoi isagi oina leithoktuna chenba yadraba matamdadi taibangpansi tasengna maiyoknabada waraba wathokna pik thallak-i, madu pumbadu eikhoina hannana khu senduna laklaba amasung thabaktagi phanglakpa lousinggi matengna eikhoina nouna puthorakpa hairiba anisidagi oirakpa wathoksingni. (Materialist ki maikeidagi yengba atoppa mityengsingdi- – miyamna, makhoina khangjaraba makhoigi mathou tabasing adu phangba haiba thabakki oiba thouwongda nakna makhoina thawai yaoi - amasung mameithangda hairiba mityengsina yenglaklibasi miyamna makhoigi thabaktagi phangba lousingduda karamna amuk paokhum pirak-i haibasini). Pathap ama oina semlaba thabaktagi phangba lousinggi mityeng ahum hek ubada khanggadaba mawong oina maphamsida eikhoina piba pammi.

Madudi:1.

Lousinggi wangulongi machal oiriba aranba wakhal amasung pukninggi ithil yaodraba lambi (epistemological realism) bu khuddam changdam pidrabasu chummi haina louba asigumba asi thabaktagi phangba lousinggi wakhallon (concept) amani, haibadi, masi thabaktagi phangba lousinggi khangnarol (notion) ni, masigi matangda eikhoina mapanthonggi oina ahanbada

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

khang-u-uruba maikeigi makha pondana taibangpan ama tasengna chap chana lei haina masina hai, amasung asigumba taibangpan asina eikhoigi khangbagi lambi adu mapop kaihandana thammi. Maramdi adugumba taibangpandu pukning amasung wakhalgi makha pondaba potchang oina amasung khunnaigi oina tangaiphadana mapung oina yaodaba yadabani, masa matomta oijarakpa oina natraga wathok oinadana masi eikhoina khangde, masidagi khara henna mayek sengna hairabada masina thabaktagi phangba lousinggi thabak oina mathang mathang chatthaba thouwongsinggi saruk ama oi, changdaba yadaba mathou tabasing nouna puthorak-i, amasung pukninggi ithil yaodraba lambi (critical realism) oi.

2.

Ta i b a n g m i w o i b a n a p o t s a k m a ya m a m a g i manungdagi khandok-khanjil touba heiba amasung asigumba khandok-khanjil touduna khangatlabasing adu anouba pathap, kanglonnachingba oina houdoktuna khunnaida ahongba puraknaba changsilliba thabaktagi phangba lousinggi wakhallon amani; haibadi, maduda leiriba pukning-wakhalgi makha pondaba amasung khunnaigi oiba taibangpandu taibang miwoibana migi wakhal chenna hingnabagi miyamgi mathang mathang leptana chatthaba thabakna, khunnaigi oina makhoigi thabaktagi phangba lousingdu cheksinna amasung nung hunjinna khanthaduna, makhoigi heithoi-singthoibadu sijinnaduna anouba puthoknabagi lamsingda amasung thabaksingda mapung-marei phahanduna, amasung khunnaigi oina mawong-maril tana semlaba adugumba thabaksinggi – amasung aphababu oire natraga phattababu oire, makhoigi taibangpanda sakwonthok (transformation) ama puraknaba mathang mathang chatthaba thabaktuda anouba lambi puthoktuna masak tak-i.

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3.

Akaknaba mapham ama tasengna chap chana lei haina loubasi thabaktagi phangba lousinggi wakhallonni, haibadi, thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi matam pumnamakta khunnaigi oiba thabakki manung channa lei, amasung asumna hannana chatthaduna leiramlaba (khunnaigi, natki, liklamchatki) thokliba thoudoksing amasung masibu laina khanggadaba phibhamsingduda akhannana lei. Thabaktagi phangba lousinggi oiriba mawong-matoudubu koisinduna thamliba lamkheidugi mawong-maril du thokliba thoudoksing amasung masibu laina khanggadaba phibhamsingduna tak-i. Aduna, thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi eikhoina hanjin-hanjin t o u ga d a b a ka ri gum ba t ha b ak k ha r ad un i , t a i b an g miwoibana nouna sem-saba amasung masagi heithoisingthoibana amadi wakhalna sagattuna anoubasing puthokpasi ahongba taibanggi thabaktagi phangba lousingnani; akaknaba khunnai amagi thokliba thoudoksing amasung masibu laina khanggadaba phibhamsinggi manung channa leiribadu thabaktagi phangba lousingni. Atoppa londada haiba tarabada, thabaktagi phangba lousing haibasi wathokna pik thanbaduni, hongduna leibaduni, amasung akaknaba mapham amada yaoduna leibaduni.

Masi tasengnamak laina u-i, thoumisinggi matangdasu, adumangai, khunnaigi pandam ama phangnaba thabak changillingeigi manungda oiriba phibhamsinggi matangda makhoigi leiriba lousingdu top-topna mapung-marei pharak-i, thabak touba ngambagi panggal leibasinggi marakta mateng pangnabasing, maiyoknabasing amasung atoppa masa oina mahutsinna thabak toubasing (agency) gi thougaisingda makhoina mapung phana yaosilli, amasung akaknaba mapham amadagi matam pumnamakta makhoi thorak-i.

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Lanthengminnasi Eikhoi

WAKHALLON-POMIT KI TANGAIPHADABA Eikhoi thoumisingna thokliba wathoksing, apanba piribasing, singnarakpasing amasung ninghannahallibasingdugi thabaktagi phangba lousingdu hannadagi henna phagathanbada chunagadaba lambi eikhoina hek ngamlimakhei thiba pammi. Wathoksing adugi asengba maramsing puthokpa, apanba piribasing adu maiyoknaduna lanthokpa, ningba kaihallibasing adu karinano khangna wakheiba amasung singnaraklibasingdu mai pakna thengnaba hairibasing asi oithoknabagidamak ningthijana semlaba thabakki paring ama mapung phana sem-sanabagi pandam thamlak-i. Asum haina oinaba, eikhoina eikhoigi (wathokna thallaba, hongduna leiriba, akaknaba mapham amada yaoduna leiriba) thabaktagi phangba lousing adugi maramda cheksinna nung hunjinna khanthagani amasung masi khangna kharaga henna mapungmarei phanaba pukhatkani. Masidagi wakhallon pomit oiraktuna thabakka mari leinaba phibhamsingda changsinba hourak-i.

WAKHALLON POMIT HAIBASI KARINO? Tin amuktang yotthaduna sagatlon oina yaodaba yadaba amasung yamna maru oikhraba wahang amatang eikhoi hangsi: Wakhallon pomit haibasi karino? Wahangsigi channana oiroidaba paokhum piduna eikhoi khannaba housi: Wakhallonpomit puthokpa haibasi heinaba lairik tamba, takpiba amadi maheikolga mari leinana mahei ama chanaba pangthokpani haibasi chumlagasu masi matam pumbada chumgadaba natte; wakhallon-pomit puthokliba maphamdu College University gum awangba thakki wakhal-lousing tampham takpipham, neinaphamgi taibang amani haibasi chumlagasu masi matam pumbada chumgadaba natte; wakhallon-pomit puthokpasingsi School, College, University da mahei tambagum tamlaklaba, asigumba misaksingna wakhallon-pomit puthokpa yare haina

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mayamna leptuna thamlaba thaktu youna matik-magun chellaba misak oigadabani haibasi chumlagasu masi matam pumbada chumgadaba natte. Mathakki asiga onna-teinana achumba oigadaba paokhumda, eikhoina wayet pigani madudi masi wakhallon-pomit puthoknabagi amaga amaga leinariba saruksingdu michamsingna khunnaigi oiba thabaktagi phanglakpa lousinggi mayek sengna khanglamdabadu khangnaba makhoina hotnarakpagi maheini; aduna wakhallon pomit puthoknabagi mapham haibasi asigumba thouwongsing thokpa yaba mapham pumnamaktuni; (Thabaktagi phangba lousingdugi mai pakkani haina tangdangba khangdringei, anouba amasung henna phagatlaba thabaksing oinaba magunda honghanduna makhoigi thabaktagi phangba lousingdu wakhal munna touduna khoijangna hotnaribasing thabak pangthokpa ngambagi panggal leiba-mipum khudingmak wakhallon-pomit puthokpasingni. Ahanbagi khannanaba houdokliba, wakhal-lousing leina puthorakpa wakhallon-pomitsi, khwaigi sagatlon oiba amadi maru oikhraba ahal oirabasingbu mahei-masing takpi-tambiba (radical adult education), leikai, khun amada leiminnariba mipum khudingmak punna chaokhatminnaba (Community Development), miwoibagi wathoksing wakheigani haina thajabasinggi Marxism (Humanist Marxism) amasung natki oina thijin humjinduna neinaba (Cultural Studies) hairibasing asigidamakta khongsanba hounabagi lamthaphamni, masi pumnamaksi sinmi miyam amasung loumisingna makhoi masana taibangpansibu khangjarakkhibagi makhoigi lambida nung-hunjinna amadi cheksinna khantharakkhiba lambiduni. Yamna tonganba mawongda ihou sagatlakkhibasingdagi khudam amatang loukhatpa tarabadi – akoibagi phibhamgi ihousingna mapung phana sagatlakpa haibasi oigadabani. Eyerman amasung Jamison na haibada asigumba ihousingna, miwoibana makhoi masagi thabaktagi phangba lousing, changda yadaba mathou tabasing amadi maru oiba waphamsing amasung pumnamakna kannare khangna yanaraba ‘lousing’ hairiba wapham anisigi marakta leiriba muknabagi

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wangmada makhoi masana khangja-heijaribadugi onnateinabada top-topna puthoknaba tourak-i. Asumna puthorakkhiba lousingna anouba sinsarolsingda chennariba khudongthibasingdugi apha-phatta neinarkpadagi mahousagi phibhamda kaihallakliba ahongbasinggi maiyokta lepnabagidamakta yaningdaba phongdokpagi poram kaya yattuna thabak yangna changsillak-i. Miyamgi asengba masak munna khangba ngambasi Gramsci na top-toppa mawongda asumna hairammi: ‘Miwoiba pumnamak lairik-laisu heiba ngaktani, maram aduna, kanagumbana haiba ngamlamgani: adubu miwoiba pumnamakti khunnaida lairik-laisu heibagi thabak toude.’ Mahakna makha tana hai: miwoi amana lairiklaisu heibasingga haitabasingga anisi tongan tonganna khandokpa matamda miwoi amana lairik-laisu heibasinggi matangda sinpham punba kangbusingna khunnaigi thabakta athubagi oina thengnaribasing adudamak masak palli, haibadi, miwoi amana makhoigi sinphamna yadaduna touriba thabaktuda lumna louba maikeiduda pukning chang-i , lairik-laisugi maikeida hannadagi henna pak-sanna khangnaba natraga panggal sijinnaduna leibakki oiba waphamsingda miyambu yakaihanduna khongjang changsinnaba hotnade. Masina takpadi, kanagumba amana lairik-laisu heibasinggi maramda haijarabasu, kanagumba amana lairik-laisu heitabasinggi maramda ngangba heite, maramdi lairik-laisu heitaba haibasi leite. Miwoibana touba thabakthouwongsidagi lairik-laisu heitabasingna saruk yabagi mawong khudingmak yaohandaba ngamba haibasi leite: homo sapiens dagi homo feber khaidokpa ngamloi. Mi khudingmak, mameithangda, mahakna sinpham ama oina touriba thabaktugi wangma lanthoktuna, lairik-laisu haibana pangthokpa thabakki mawong kharada chattharak-i, haibadi, mahak philosopher ama oirak-i, artist ama oirak-i, apha-phatta haiba ngamba mi ama oirak-i, mahakna taibangpangi top-toppa wakhallon amada saruk yarak-i, lamchatki wayelsing pangthokpagi wakhallousing yaoraba paringda lak-i, maram aduna taibangpangi

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mapung phaba wakhallon ama khudol tamlak-i natraga masi semdok-sadorak-i, haibadi, anouba mawonggi wakhal khukhal ama houdoknaba tourak-i.

Lousing semgat-sagatpagi asigumba thabaksingga mari leinaba khoijangna touriba eikhoigi thabakki lamda yengluragadi thak thak naina amadi masingda makhal makha kaya thokna leikhre. Mapung oiba, santainaba amasung onna-teinaba maikeida leiduna ayiba cherol natraga phibhamsinggi wahanthok pibagi Stuart Hall na magi khanna-neinabada (Thabak leppa khongjang amagi matangda TV pao yengbada mana khudam pi). Masigi khudam mayek sengna uhalli. Khongjang aduda saruk yariba miwoising, natraga masak khanglabasing, mapung oiba phibham adugi wahanthok – hairibasing asina khongjang adu miyamgi oinasu phattaba potni aduga adugumba top-toppa khongjang adusu phatte haina i-paogi ‘paojel’da saruk yagani.

Khongjang adugi maiyokta chap yungna leptuna phibhamdugi wahanthok pinaba sagatlakkhiba miwoisingna adugumba khonjangdubu phatte haibada chummi haina louribadugi aphaphatta neinabasu, aduga khongjang aduda tasengna yaodabasing na wakhal mannabana amaga amaga mateng pangnabagi uchan sembasu ngamgani. Adum oinamak eikhoina maru oina khannanaba thamningba waphamdi, khongjang adu phatte haibada chummi haina mayamna lounaribadudagi theidokpa ngamdabana maram oiduna akhannaba waphamdudagi top topna tonganba ama sembagi mahutta, khongjangdugi santainanaba wahanthok pibasinggi manung channa koichenchenduna hotnaba miwoi kayamasu leiribani. (Masigi maramdi marup-mapangsing natraga imung-manunggi miwoising khongjangduda yaoramba yai). Masigi asonbasina tasengna oihallakkadouribasi, hannana masak khangnaraktrabasu wakhal-mityeng malhannaba maram oiduna amaga amaga tengbangnabagi wakhal pok-hallaktaba haibasini, amasung makhoi maithiragani haibasida maithida mathiragadabagum

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mannaba hotnaduna, khongjang chansillibasingdudagi tongan tabasini. Ekhoina uribasi nattaba atoppa taibangpan ama oiba yarambadu khongjangsigi khaidoknariba saruk anisi punsinnanaba mari sembada masina tasengnamaksu henna aruba ama oihalli. Hall gi mapung oiba amasung santainabagi wahanthok piba haiba anisigi khennaba asi thabaktagi phangba lousing amani haiba yai: khongjang adugi mapung oiba wahanthok piduna khongjangdubu masak tak-i-ba mishaksing adu mameithangda makhoina touribadugi kannaba phanglakloi (Khudam oina makhoi masamak Company/Govt. ki thabak touba mi, makhoida amang-ata thoktuna khudongthiba nanggadabadu utthorakpa phaoba oiramgani); adum oinamak, masagi sijinnanaba pot-chei leiba mi (consumer) oibagi mahutta potthok puthokpa mi (producer) oina, natraga mapu oibagi mahutta thabak suba mi oina saktakchabaduna makhoi masagi oina thabaktagi phangba lousing makhoina khangjade.

Santainabagi wahanthok pibada thajaba miwoisingduna, oiriba phibhamduda yamdrabada, masana masabu khangjaba ngammi, natraga makhoigi nakna tinnaba miwoisingduna, (thabak suba mi/potthok puthokpa mi) oina khongjangduda saruk yanaba – ayaba louba ngambagi lambi matta leite. Santainabagi wahanthok pibaga – amasung maiyokta leiduna wahanthok pibaga – anigi khennabasi wakhallon-pomitsinggi manungda amani: Phibhamduda makhoigi oiba wahanthok piduna santainariba miwoidusingna makhoida thoklibasingdu karamna thoklaklibano khangjei, adubu mayammakta ichan-channaba yaba ama oina makhoida thengnaribasingdu semgatte, makhoiga naknaba miwoisingduna atei atoppasinggidi iman mannaba phibhamni haina u-i, atei atoppasinggi touribasingdu makhoina khang-i amasung adugumba atoppasingna touribaduda makhoina saruk yai haina khalli natraga makhoina taibangpangi mawong matougi maramda khara henna mayammakki oiba waroisin amada purak-i. Khongjangsingdugi maiyokta leiduna wahanthok pibasingna, adugumba khongjang adu phatte haina

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hairiba i-pao (paojel) gi maiyokta leppa ngambasina, matou karamna taibangpan semgat-sagatlakkhibagi, thabak suba mi ama oibagi mayammakki oiba yaba mawong-matougi, amasung muknabagi kayat semgatlak-i-badugi hourakphamsinggi maramda wakhallon-pomitki oiba munna khangba ama lak-i.

Gramsci gida yaoriba ‘Thabak pangthoknaba warep ama lounabagi wakhal khanba ngamba’ [Common sense] (khwai mayamna khannariba wakhal, madu pumnamaktuda loinariba chamamnabasing, muknabasing amasung khudam changdam piduna uttriba wapham amabu chummi haina louribasing) amasung ‘achumba warep louba ngamba’ (good sense) [maram chaba/chadaba thiduna achumba warep ama loubada wakhallon pomit oiba yaragadaba lousing] hairiba wapham anisigi marakta leiriba khennaba asiga mari leinana magi khanna-neinaba adu wathoksinggi matangda changsingadaba atoppa lambi amani.

Magi khanna-neinaba asina eikhoida khanghallibadi, wakhallon pomit (achumba warep louba ngamba) haibasi mai pakna chattharakkhraba thabaksing amasung thabaktagi phangba lousing, haibadi, chummi haina karigumbadasu louba yadriba karigumba kharadugi magun leiba thak amada pukhatlakkhraba miyamna yanaraba wakhal-lousing leibagi matouduni. Thainagi channadraba mawongsing soidana oiragadaba amasung khwaidagi nouna puthorak-i-basing (discovery) sing matam amattada common sense ta animak khara khara yaoba mahousani haina Gramsci na urammi. Maram asina, khunnaigi ihou chattharingei manungda, wakhal khanbagi thak amasung mawong maikei kayada khennaba thorakpa haibasi ikhang khangnaraba wani, masibu mahakna (600-1500) AD da leiramba Church singna makhoigi chumnagi michamsingda khangnakhibagumna, ‘Lairik-laisugi thak nemna leiba miwoi’ amasung lairik-laisu heibasing anisigi marakta khudam ama piduna laina khangnaba mawong semlammi. Khudam asida mityeng chingsinduna, Catholic Church ki thousilna (Yamna

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nemba lousingtamak leiba) michamsingdubu Church ki lairiklaisu heibasingda masagi wakhal phongdokchabagi pibidaba amasung ngaochatnaduna lamphei chatkhidanaba sinbibagi mahutta Church na makhoibu thengnabada oiramba phibhamduda thadoktuna adum thambi haina mahakna khangjingadaba wapham oina hairammi. Masigi hek onna-teinabada, Gramsci gi matung innadi Communist Party na louriba saklonsi mipum khudingmak mannaba thak amada pukhatminnaba amaga amaga tengbangnaduna masana mahei-masing tansinjabagi mathang mathang chatthaba thouwong oirammi natraga adugumba thouwong adu oigadabani. Aduna, wakhallon pomit haibasi mangda leiriba lousing adugi matengna khunnaigi oiba mathang mathang chatthaba thouwongsingda thabak toubadagi phanglakpa mahei oigadabani. Khanna-neinaba asigi atoppa lambi amana achumbani haina thajaribasing amasung pathangkok-puthangkokki chatnabi oina pangthokliba mawongsinggi maiyokta leiduna (Hairiba mawongsing asigi hourakpham ngarang nahantagi oiba natraga mathai thainagi oiba yai) miyamna thabak oina pangthoktuna amasung taibangpansibu yengliba makhoigi mityengna mayek sengna phongdoktuna pak-sanna konsillakliba waphamga mari leinaba oigadabani.Asigumba areppa wapham ama puraknabagi wayelsi khunnaibu mapung phana honghanningbasingdasu loina-loinana khunnaigi ahongba purakpada athingba pibasingdasu chap mannaba mawongda pansinba yai, top-topna yamna kanna sougatpa leiraba khunnaigi manungduda, mapung oina chaona leiriba natki oiba kangbudugi manungda ahongba purakningba natki oiba kanglup machasingna pathangkok-puthangkokki chatnabisingdu amuk hanna loinamak semgat-sagatlakpa ngammi. Mityeng asidagi yenglagadi wakhallon pomit na wakhallousing tabagi matousi mayek sengna phongdorak-i.Aroiba oina hainingbadi, atei atoppa leibaksinggi miyamgi lanthengsing amasung tambagi mathang mathang chatthaba thouwongsing, haibadi, khwai pumnamakta ichan-channaba yaraba wakhal-

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lousing tabagi matou oiraba wakhallon pomittagi miyamna kaya yamna tamlabage haina eikhoina hangba yai. Masina ihousinggi ihougi matangda houjik-houjikmak top-topna irai laina khangba ngamba mari leinabaduni, aduga wakhallon mannabana maram oiduna amaga amaga mateng pangnaba amasung matam pumbagi oiba haibasina leibak amagi top-toppa haibasigi maiyokta leibagi matangda yenglubada mayammakta hendokthoidokna ichan-channagadaba waphamsu masina oiribani.

Khennaba machatsingdu punna khomjinduna mapham chana sembadagidi wakhallon pomit haibasi thabaktagi phangba lousingdagi wakhal-lousing sijinnaduna mapung-marei phahallakkhiba lousing oina urak-i, ateiga yengnabada mawongmaril chumlaba thabaktagi phanglakpa lousingdu sijinnabagi mapanna masina thabak pangthorak-i, masi yamna laina khangba ngamlak-i amadi mayek sengna phongdokpa wapham oirak-i, adudagidi masi mayammakta ichan channaduna sijinnaba yaragadaba thak amada pukhatlak-i. Wakhallon pomit ki tangaiphadaba haibasi henna magun chellaba mawongda eikhoigi thabaktagi phangba lousing adu yaningna eikhoi isada yaojariba thabakki oiba lousing phangba pamjaba adudagi oirakpa maheini: haibadi, masi athingbasing amasung ningba kaibasing maiyoknabadagi phanglakpa eikhoigi thabakki oiba lousingdugi paokhum pinaba anouba thabaksing paikhatnabagi mayol chonghalliba eikhoigi thabaktagi phanglakpa lousingdugi aroiba wahanthok pinaba kanna hotnabadagi oirakpa maheini.

Eikhoida kari thok-i-ba, karigi masi thok-i-ba amasung masida kari tougani – hairibasing asi khangdriphaoba eikhoina wakhal khanba pamlagadi, top-toppa thabaktagi phangba lousing amagi athubagi oina maru oiba amasung top-toppa phibham – hairibasingsigi wangma lanna eikhoi changsinba tarak-i.Athubagi chaoyeng yengba amasung mapanthonggi shakphamsinggi ‘wangma lanna changsinduna’pandam ama phangnaba hotnarakpasina wakhallon pomit ki mawong-matougi warol

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taklibasingdu wayet piduna sagatlak-i. Mapham asida palliba ‘wangma lanna changsinba’ haibadi, pak-sanna leiriba chamamnabasing amasung eikhoigi nungtigi oiriba punsida eikhoina hek thengnariba maiyoknabada waraba wathoksing amasung ningba kaihallibasing dubu thokhalliba mayek sengna uttaba mathang mathang chatthaba thouwongsingdubu khangnanaba khoijangna hotnabaduni: ‘Wakhallon pomit na wakhal munna khanthadana irai laina ubadu nattaba, potsak amagi nungda samnaribasing adu thidoktuna khangnaba hotnei.

Amasung hairibasing asigi khwaidagi mapung oiba waphamdi ahongba taibangpan ama purakpa ngamnabagidamak – tasengna oiriba taibangpandu masak khangba haibasini. Maram asina potsak amagi ungsinduna leiriba khangbada warabasing adu amuk hanna puthoktuna khangnaba hotnabagi aphaapunnabasingdu eikhoi isadagi koknaba, eikhoina karigumba phibham amada potsaksinggi maramda heirakpasing adu atoppa amada amuk thangdoktuna sijinnaba ngambasini wakhallon pomitki kannaba haibadu. Asumna, masiga chap mannana eikhoina atoppa leibaksinggi miyamgi lanthenggi maramda eikhoi isa chattuna makhoigiduda yaorudrabasu adumak tamba yai . (……… mathang mathang)

****

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4 MALEMGI PHURUPSING AMASUNG YAWOL EHOU INDIA leingaklongi oinadi, Awang nongpokta houriba ningtam ihou kudingmak terrorism koui.,aduga bharatki leingaklonnadi malemgi ningtam ihou ateibudi hanba leitana sougatli.Malemgi thaktangasipfaobadameeoibanayannaribachatna kanglon yyengluraga anisigi khetnaba lei.Terrorism di "International law" na aranba leibak mayoka huran chinthi chathaba lebakpu irang thokhanba phattabameeoi kanglup ama oina loi aduga aduga Natoinal liberationMovement di International lawna yaba ,malemgi leibak khudingmamkna sougatpigadaba maraibak thiraba meeoi phurupki apunba hak amani.Terrorismdi Internaoinal Law na maru oina loude aduga National liberation Movement Recognatoin

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phanglaba matungda makhoigatoupham thabaksing paikhattuna leibak adu maning tamhnbada achouba mateng pang-e.

Meeoiba kanglupna phuruk kayana masagi leibak lingduna palaakpa matamdagi samna hairabada charakna chahi 2000 aniggi mthakta maning makha tamna pallaklaba Manipur ni .Manipurna maromdom lepchabagi loilam leingakpa Indiagi mathata houriba ihou asidiyamnachumbamallemgi leibakkhudingmaknaManipurgi hangatna yenghangba ngamlagadi soidandana makhoidagi mateng pirakkani aduga UN gimatengsu phanggani December 14,1960 UN gi General Assembly warep masing 1514 mamingna "Declarrationan on the granting of Indipendance to Colonial countreis and people" masi malemda leiriba loilam, mikhaponbabu mutthatnaba loukhiba warep amani.

Masigi matung inna mee khudingmak Right to Self Detrmination haibadi makhoi masagi leibak leingaklon leigadaba thak; Maromdom lepchaba, lepnaba hak leigani, aduga meeoising adugi mathakta lanmmi natraga makkhal amatagi otpa neibagi thabak chathaba yade, madugi mathakta leibak amagi hanna leijaramba ningtambagi hak pibaga loina leijaramba leibaktugi Territorial Inntrigrity thugaibasu yade.Maram aduna kumja, 1947 leiramba ManipurgiTerritorial IntrigrityKanamatana thugaiba yaroi amasung Manipurgi miyam masagi hanna leijaramgioinasu self determination hakyamnachauna lei.Manipurdaleiribphurupkhudingmaknasu N.L.M. tanba matamda Manipurgi1947 gi ngamkhei thugaib yade amasung lamga thokhibasu yade.UN na loukhiba warep amana Declaration ontherights of Indigeneous people14september 2007, masi malemda leiriba yelhoumee hakpu ,chahi 25 chngna khaanaraba matungda ylhoumeesinggi leibak pothokpu ngak senbigabani, (to protect their lands and resources and to maintain their uniqe culture and traditions Houjikhoujikmalemgiyelhoumeemillion370mukmakhogi mapangal kankhathanba amadi makhoigi saktam amasungchaokhat lambida manglomda pukhatpiba darkar leiri.haibasi masi UN sets

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out oina leikhraba waphqmni ningsingba yai" Geneva,14 September 2007 : The Special Reporter on the situation of human rights and fundametal freedoms of indigenous people, Dr. Rrdolfo Stavenhgen wapham, "Declaration on the Rights of Indigeneous People." Malemgi yehoumi pumnamak anouba yenning hullagani, Declaration asida yumpham oiduna makhogi maru oibasing contribution kaya malemgi miwoiba hak kanbada yaoraklagani.Eikhoigi Leibak Manipursu maning makga tamna hingja hak adu maram chabada nattana hendokna leiribani.Adubu ekhigi hak khudingmk India namsinduna thannaba honnei, India Govt di lairadana mayang chephongphaobaManipurgiLeberationmovemennt asi namsinduna thamnaba hotnei . Manipurda phuruki ningtam ihou 1949 da ngasi phaoba chathalakli, KHOLAOCHEPHONGDA HIJAM IRABOT MAPOK KUMON ga mari leina manipurgi MP ikkhiba Anti fudal Irabot in the HistoryManipur kouba article amadaHijam Irabotna Manipur asi Rights self Dertermination thabakta onthokpa pammi hainairiduna mana sagatlmba Red gird, 1949dagidi loubukta taba houkhare V.V Rao gi volume four Manipurda Iraboat ki lalhousi Manipurgi ningtamlalhouni haina iri akhangaheisingna.

Chahi 18gi labuk tabagi experience ka loinana, 1978 da fongna singnaba Gurilla War tamda tourakkhi. KCP na 1949 gi Irabotki Hhou amadi Meetei State Committee gi eehoudugi makhoina successorni hairi. Ahan akon yenglagadi, KCP amadi UNLF na nganna lei. Manipurgi oinadi loinamak amatta oina hourakpa oina lounari.

Ngasimaksu decolonize toudriba leibak, trustimended ta thamba leibak kaya amadi, F.N.E. chatthariba leibak mayam punna leibak 50 rom chaorakna ing kumja 2050 faobagi manungda maningtamnaba thourang touri. Maromdom leppagi hak nttraga maningtamba fngkhiba, fangbda naksillaba kharagi political status makhada neinari.

ISTONIA/BALTIK LEIBAK 3 Manipur lousinkhibaga chap hek mannaba ama haiba

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