Norsk start 8-10 Engelsk 2 (kap. 10 og 18) by Cappelen Damm

NORSK START 8–10 ENGELSK 2 Diana Lee Bennett Linda Benedikte Gjelseth Silje Kristine Soldal BOKMÅL

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© CAPPELEN DAMM AS 2018 Materialet i denne publikasjonen er omfattet av åndsverklovens bestemmelser. Uten særskilt avtale med Cappelen Damm AS er enhver eksemplarfremstilling og tilgjengeliggjøring bare tillatt i den utstrekning det er hjemlet i lov eller tillatt gjennom avtale med Kopinor, interesseorgan for rettighetshavere til åndsverk. Utnyttelse i strid med lov eller avtale kan medføre erstatningsansvar og inndragning, og kan straffes med bøter eller fengsel. Norsk start 8–10 følger læreplanene for Kunnskapsløftet i faget grunnleggende norsk, og er lagd til bruk på grunnskolens ungdomstrinn. Engelsk 2 er for begynneropplæring i engelsk. Linda Benedikte Gjelseth har fått støtte til arbeidet fra Norsk Faglitterært Forfatterfond. Hovedillustratør: Anne Britt Meese Grafisk formgivning: Sandvik design Kart: Kart & grafikk, Gerd Eng Kielland Omslagsdesign: Renessanse Media AS Forlagsredaktør: Ingar Ebbestad Bilderedaktør: Ingar Ebbestad Trykk og innbinding: Livonia Print SIA, Latvia 2018 Utgave 1 Opplag 1 ISBN 978-82-02-53118-8

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CONTENTS 10 BEING A STUDENT Remember Grammar Exercises

page 4 page 13 page 13 page 17

16 ON THE MENU Remember Grammar Exercises

page 132 page 145 page 145 page 147

11 MY PLACE Remember Grammar Exercises 12 WHAT TO WEAR Remember Grammar Exercises

page 26 page 37 page 37 page 39

17 LETâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S CELEBRATE Remember Grammar Exercises

page 156 page 167 page 167 page 169

page 48 page 58 page 58 page 60

18 NEW PLACES Remember Grammar Exercises

page 176 page 185 page 185 page 187

13 SPARE TIME Remember Grammar Exercises

page 70 page 82 page 82 page 84

19 HOPES AND DREAMS page 194 Remember page 205 Grammar page 205 Exercises page 207

14 FRIENDS Remember Grammar Exercises

page 92 page 103 page 103 page 105

15 BODY AND SOUL Remember Grammar Exercises

page 110 page 122 page 122 page 124

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THE ALPHABET

page 214

IRREGULAR VERBS

page 214

GLOSSARY

page 217

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10 BEING A STUDENT • School life • Are you ready for the test? • Study tips ● Verbs: past simple, present perfect ● Interrogative sentences ● Some, any, somebody, everybody, nobody

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Back to school

want – ønsker hug – klem all – alle missed – savnet a lot – mye give me a break – gi deg sort of – på en måte abroad – i utlandet stayed home – var hjemme worked – arbeidet dead – død Did you enjoy – likte du Greece – Hellas jealous – sjalu spend – bruke holiday – ferie actually – faktisk I kind of liked it – jeg likte det be back – være tilbake one more – en til why – hvorfor because – fordi ready – klar yet – ennå guess – gjette

Hiwet: Linnea: Ahmed: Yawar: Maria:

I want a big hug from you all. I have missed you guys. I have missed you too – a lot. Ahmed, give me a break. Great to see you all! Did you guys have a nice summer? Ahmed: Sort of. Linnea: What did you do? Did you go abroad or did you stay home? Ahmed: Stayed home. Mohammed: Stayed home too. I worked all summer. Yawar: I was abroad. I went hiking. Mohammed: Where? Maria: I didn’t see any snaps. Yawar: My phone was dead. Ahmed: What about you, Linnea? Did you enjoy your summer? Linnea: I had a great time. I went to Greece with friends. Maria: Wow! I’m jealous. I had to spend my holiday with mum and dad. It wasn’t too bad, actually. I kind of liked it. Linnea: I love summer holiday! Hiwet: Me too. Linnea: It’s good to be back. Hiwet: I need one more hug. Yawar: Why? Because I’m not ready for the new school year yet. Hiwet: Yawar: I guess we all need another hug. Come on guys.

I guess – tenker jeg/tror jeg come on – kom igjen

BEING A STUDENT 5

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No fun! Hiwet is in a book shop to buy school materials. Shop assistant: Do you need any help? Yes, please. I’m looking for a pen, a pencil, Hiwet: a rubber a notebook and an English dictionary. Shop assistant: The English dictionary is here. Pencils, rubbers and notebooks are over there. Thank you. Hiwet: Shop assistant: You are welcome.

Suddenly Yawar turns up. Yawar: Hi! What’s up? Hiwet: Hi! I have to buy school materials. I hate it! Yawar: Right. I need to buy a ringbinder, but I’m starving. I really want a burger. Hiwet: I would like a burger too. A big one! Yawar: Let’s go then. Hiwet: I don’t actually have enough money. Yawar: Hm. Are you sure? Hiwet: School materials or a big burger... a burger. Let’s go for it!

no fun – ikke moro book shop – bokhandel school materials – skolesaker need – trenger ringbinder – ringperm any – noen starving – skrubbsulten I’m looking for – Jeg ser etter rubber – viskelær notebook – skrivebok English dictionary – engelsk ordbok here – her there – der You are welcome – Bare hyggelig

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A day at school

just – akkurat has started – har begynt everybody – alle on time – presis except – unntatt yawns – gjesper

08:30 School has just started. Everybody is on time, except one. 09:10 Mohammed yawns because he is sleepy. 09:25 Yawar does some math exercises. 09:30 Maria talks to Linnea, but Linnea is not listening. She is busy. She is just looking at Ahmed. 09:45 Someone farts and everybody laughs. 09:50 Hiwet arrives. She is late because she has overslept. 10:00 Finally, it is time for lunch.

sleepy – trøtt some – noen math exercises – matematikkoppgaver

Everybody leaves the classroom, except Mohammed. He has fallen asleep.

is not listening – hører ikke etter busy – opptatt looking – ser på someone – noen farts – promper laughs – ler arrives – kommer late – sein finally – endelig/til slutt has fallen asleep – har sovnet

BEING A STUDENT 7

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Being a student My school starts at half past eight and finishes at two o’clock every day. I have many different subjects at school. I like my English class. I like mathematics and music. I don’t like science and social studies. I have to read a lot. I have to write a lot and I have to practice speaking a lot. I like to study, but sometimes it is difficult. I have to work very hard every day. Getting along with classmates is not always easy. At home, I have to do lots of homework. I try to do my best every day.

being a student – å være elev half past – halv finishes – slutter every – hver different – forskjellig subjects – fag English class – engelsk mathematics – matematikk music – musikk science – naturfag social studies – samfunnsfag practice – praktisere a lot – mye study – studere difficult – vanskelig getting along with – komme overens med lots of – mye homework – lekser try – prøver

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Hard-working student I’m motivated for school and I’m doing fine. But studying is not always fun. Not even for a smart guy like me. I usually get good grades. I’m not a nerd, just a hard-working student. Here are some of my study tips:

Look at the title

Writweords key

hard – hard hard-working – hardtarbeidende student – student motivated – motivert I’m doing fine – Jeg gjør det bra always – alltid

Underline important words

studying – studere even – til og med smart – smart like me – som meg usually – vanligvis get – får grades – karakterer nerd – nerd

k e r o W ittl ay a l ery d ev

study tips – studietips title – overskrift pictures – bilder underline – strek under important – viktig words – ord keywords – nøkkelord draw – tegn mind map – tankekart

What do you do to learn better?

learn – lære better – bedre

BEING A STUDENT 9

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Ready for the test Linnea: Yawar Linnea: Yawar Linnea: ready – klar biology – biologi test – prøve prepared – forberedt lucky you – heldige deg practise – øve sure – ja visst

Yawar Linnea: Yawar Linnea: Yawar Linnea: Yawar:

Are you ready? For what? The biology test tomorrow. Not really. What about you? I’ve studied a lot all week. I’m well prepared. Lucky you! I want good grades. Sure, who doesn’t. I can practise with you if you want. It’s too late. I’ll fail anyway. No, let’s go to the library now. You’ve got to pass the test. Ok. Let’s do it. Thanks a lot!

late – sent fail – stryke anyway – uansett library – bibliotek pass – bestå

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How did it go? Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria:

How did your exam go? Ok, I guess. And you? I’m afraid not too well. How come? You studied so hard. No driving lessons for me! What are you talking about? I don’t get it. My mum promised money for driving lessons if I got good grades. You see? Ahmed: Yeah, but you haven’t got the results yet. I’m sure you did well. Don’t worry! Maria: I try not to, but I’m sure the exam didn’t go well. Ahmed: You did your best. That’s all that matters. Maria: Yeah, you are right. I’ll try to remember that. But I just feel like screaming! Ahmed: Oh, please don’t.

exam – eksamen guess – tror afraid – redd not too well – ikke så bra How come? – Hvorfor det? driving lessons – kjøretimer I don’t get it. – Jeg forstår ikke. promised – lovet results – resultatene I’m sure – jeg er sikker don’t worry – ikke vær bekymret best – best all that matters – alt som betyr noe remember – huske I feel like screaming – Jeg føler for å skrike /Jeg har lyst til skrike

BEING A STUDENT 11

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Not that bad hate – hater say – si really – virkelig quit – slutte problem – problem everything – alt like what? – som hva da? so on – og så videre hang on – vent litt bad – dårlig understand – forstår complaining – klager doing fine – gjør det bra something – noe right now – akkurat nå anything – noe know – vet for sure – helt sikkert only – bare positive – positiv

Linnea: I hate school! Maria: Don’t say that. Linnea: I really do. I want to quit. Maria: Tell me, what’s the problem? Linnea: Everything. Maria: Like what? Linnea: The teachers, the homework, all the tests and so on. Maria: Hang on, school isn’t all that bad, is it? I don’t understand why you’re complaining. You’re doing fine at school. Linnea: Tell me something good about school. Right now I can’t think of anything positive. Maria: One thing I know for sure, you’ve got many friends at school. Linnea: Friends are the only positive thing. Maria: Look, stop being so negative. Think about the autumn holiday, the Christmas holiday, the winter holiday and the Easter holiday. Linnea: I really need a break from school. Maria: And have you forgotten the school ball? Linnea: Actually, yes. Maria: And what about Ahmed? Linnea: Um, Ahmed. You’re right. Maybe school is not that bad after all. Maria: See? I told you.

negative – negativ the autumn holiday – høstferien the Christmas holiday – juleferien the winter holiday – vinterferien

HOMEWORK! 

the Easter holiday – påskeferien forgotten – glemt school ball – skoleball maybe – kanskje after all – tross alt See? – Skjønner? told – fortalte

HOLIDAY! 

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REMEMBER ! VERBS – past simple, present perfect Regelrette verb i preterium og presens perfektum – får endelsen –ed i fortid. Verb som slutter på e, får bare –d. INFINITIVE

PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT

infinitiv

preteritum

presens perfektum have/has+

å ankomme

to arrive

arrived

å bestille

to book

booked

å gjette

to guess

guessed

å lyve

to lie

lied

å høre

to listen

listened

å savne

to miss

missed

å smile

to smile

smiled

å snakke

to talk

talked

å smake

to taste

tasted

å bruke

to use

used

å besøke

to visit

visited

å gå

to walk

walked

å ønske

to want

wanted

PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT

I walked

I have walked

You walked

You have walked

He/she/it walked

He/she/it has walked

You walked

You have walked

We walked

We have walked

They walked

They have walked

I have wanted it for so long. He arrived at 8 p.m. She lied to me. It tasted so good!

BEING A STUDENT 13

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walked

Uregelrette verb INFINITIVE

PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT

infinitiv

preteritum

presens perfektum have/has+

å være

to be

was/were

been

å begynne

to begin

began

begun

å kjøpe

to buy

bought

å komme

to come

came

come

å gjøre

to do

did

done

å drikke

to drink

drank

drunk

å spise

to eat

ate

eaten

å glemme

to forget

forgot

forgotten

å få

to get

got

å gå

to go

went

gone

å ha

to have

had

å vite

to know

knew

known

å betale

to pay

paid

å lese

to read

read

å løpe

to run

ran

run

å si

to say

said

å se

to see

saw

seen

å synge

to sing

sang

sung

å snakke

to speak

spoke

spoken

å forbruke

to spend

spent

å svømme

to swim

swam

swum

å ta

to take

took

taken

å fortelle

to tell

told

å tenke

to think

thought

å skrive

to write

wrote

writtent

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I spoke to him last night. At five o’clock we were at school. She wasn’t at home. I told you! He came back in July. She has read many books. We have been to London many times. I went

I have gone

You went

You have gone

He/she/it went

He/she/it has gone

We went

We have gone

You went

You have gone

They went

They have gone

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES Spørresetninger Vi lager spørresetninger på forskjellige måter. Who is that?

That’s my teacher.

What time is it?

It’s two o’clock.

Which colour do you like?

I like blue.

Where is my book?

It’s on your desk!

Why are you late?

I’m late because I overslept.

When is your birthday?

My birthday is on the 15th of March.

How did it go?

Not too well.

Yes / no questions Med verbet to be

Med verbet to do

Are you happy?

Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

Was he at school?

Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.

Do you like your school?

Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Does she talk about me?

Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.

Did you go abroad?

Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.

Med verbet to have Have you seen my mobile phone?

Med hjelpeverb

Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

Have they been to Italy?

Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.

Can I go now?

Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

May I open the window?

Yes, you may. / No, you may not.

BEING A STUDENT 15

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SOME – ANY – SOMEBODY – EVERYBODY – NOBODY

For å uttrykke noe, noen, ingen eller alle, kan vi blant annet bruke some, any, somebody, everybody og nobody på engelsk.

SOME – ANY noe There are some apples. May I have some water? Do you have any food? I don't have any paper.

Some i bekreftende setninger Some når vi ber om noe Any i spørresetninger Any i nektende setninger

SOMEBODY = SOMEONE noen Somebody has called. Someone is missing in the class.

EVERYBODY = EVERYONE alle Everybody has passed the test. Everyone is happy.

NOBODY = NO ONE ingen Nobody has failed. No one is late.

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EXERCISES 1 Mind map and talk. Back to school. Page 5. Make a mind map with 5–10 words from the text. Use your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

2 Take turns. A: Did you have a nice summer holiday? B: Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. A: Did you go abroad? B: Yes. / No. A: Did you take many snaps? B: Yes. / No. A: Did you enjoy your summer? B: Yes. / No. A: Did you work in in your summer holiday? B: Yes. / No.

U O Y E ar ? D E r A P E R P

3 Write the answers in your notebook. Back to school. Page 5. Headline: Questions Who says: “I have missed you guys”? Who stayed home? Why didn’t Maria see any snaps from Yawar’s hiking? Who went to Greece? Did Linnea spend her summer holiday with friends?

BEING A STUDENT 17

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4 Complete the interrogative sentences. _____________ you stay home? Yes, I did.

have

_____________ you take any snaps? Yes, I did. _____________ you go with your family Yes, I did. _____________ spend your holiday with friends? Yes, I did. _____________ you miss me? Yes, I did.

where did was

_____________ your phone dead? Yes, it was. _____________ you go? I went to Greece. _____________ it hot in Greece? Yes, it was. _____________ you been to Greece before? Yes, I have.

5 Listen to your teacher and write. Back to school. Page 5. ___________________________

___________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

6 Write about your summer holiday.

7 Mind map, compare and talk.

Back to school. Page 5.

No fun! Page 6.

Write in your notebook. Headline: My summer holiday

• • • •

Make a mind map with 5–10 words from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

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8 Write the answers in your notebook.

9 Mind map, compare and talk.

No fun! Page 6.

A day at school! Page 7.

Where is Hiwet? Why is Hiwet in the book shop? Who turns up? Who hates to buy school materials? Do they buy school materials? Who wants a big burger?

• • • •

Make a mind map with 5–10 words from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

10 Tick the correct answer. A day at school. Page 7. True False The school starts at 08:30. Everybody is on time. Mohammed is not sleepy. Yawar does some English exercises. Linnea talks to Maria. Linnea is looking at Ahmed. Someone farts. Hiwet has not overslept. At 10:30 it is time for lunch. Everybody has fallen asleep.

11 Listen to your teacher and write. A day at school. Page 7. ___________________________

___________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

BEING A STUDENT 19

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12 Solve the crossword! Write in English.

Being a student. Page 8. 1

2 3

6 7 8

10 ACROSS 1 Samfunnsfag 3 Lett 5 Lekser 6 Forskjellig DOWN 8 Studere 1 Fag 9 Matematikk 2 Engelsk 10 Vanskelig 4 Mye 11 Naturfag 7 Musikk

13 Write about what you do at your school in Norway. Use your notebook. Headline: My school in Norway

14 Write about school in your home country. Use your notebook. Headline: My school in my home country

Hiwet’s school in Eritrea Hiwet often thinks of her school in Eritrea and how different it is from Norwegian school. In her classes in Eritrea, there were often fifty to sixty students. She did not always get handouts and copies from her teacher. The students often had to copy the teacher’s work from the blackboard. She had mathematics, sosial studies and languages, no gym or art class. She also had to wear a uniform. She spent half the day at school and the afternoon doing homework at home. She did not have much spare time in Eritrea.

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15 Talk about your school in your home country. Take turns.

16 Ask your classmates about their school. Student

How many students were there in your class?

Did you have to wear a uniform?

Did you have much homework?

17 What do you do to remember and learn better? Tick off. Hard working student. Page 9 True False I look at the title I make a mind map I write keywords I underline important words I read a lot I practise with classmates I study a little every day

BEING A STUDENT 21

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18 Underline eight mistakes in the text.

Ready for the test. Page 10. Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria: Ahmed: Maria:

Is you ready? For what? The song test tomorrow. Not really, what about me? I’ve studied a lot all week. I’m not well prepared. Lucky you! I want bad grades. Sure, who doesn’t. I can dance with you if you want. It’s too late. I’ll pass anyway. No! Let’s go to the library now. You’ve got to fail the test. Ok. Let’s do it. Thanks a lot!

19 Tick the correct answer.

How did it go? Page 11. True False Maria is very happy. Her exam went well. Maria’s dad promised money for driving lessons if she got good grades. Maria wants to dance.

20 Listen to your teacher and write.

How did it go? Page 11. ___________________________

___________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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21 Mind map and talk. Not that bad. Page 12. • • • •

Make a mind map with 5–10 words from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

22 Answer the questions. Write in your notebook. Not that bad. Page 12. Why does Linnea want to quit school? Has Linnea got many friends at school? What is the only positive thing Linnea can think of about school?

23 Write a list of positive and negative things about school. Write in your notebook. Headline: Positive and negative

24 Fill in the gaps. Remember! Page 13. Preteritum I

______________________ two glasses of milk yesterday. (to drink)

You

______________________ nothing this morning. (to eat)

______________________ so nice to me. (to be)

She

______________________ her mobile phone. (to forget)

______________________ to London last summer. (to go)

You all ______________________ what happened. (to see) They ______________________ a lot of money. (to have)

BEING A STUDENT 23

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25 Fill in the gaps. Remember! Page 13. Presens perfektum I

_____________ ____________________ to Oslo many times. (to be)

You _____________ ____________________ a lot today. (to eat) She _____________ ____________________ her grandfather every Wednesday. (to visit) We _____________ ____________________ talked to the teacher. (to talk) You _____________ ____________________ me for long time. (to know) They _____________ ____________________ there in many years. (to work)

26 Make five yes/no questions. Remember! Page 15.

28 Make five questions with to have. Write in your notebook. Headline: Questions with to have

Write in your notebook. Headline: Yes/no questions

29 Questions with to do. 27 Make questions. Remember! Page 15. Make questions with the question words (who, what, which, where, why, when, how). Write in your notebook. Headline: Wh-questions

Remember! Page 15. Make five questions with to do. Write in your notebook. Headline: Questions with to do

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30 Fill in the gaps. Remember! Page 16. I want ________________________ water. We donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have ________________________ tests today. Do you need ________________________ help? ________________________ is at school. ________________________ has overslept.

31 Find the words! S

STUDENT SCHOOL SUBJECT CLASS HOMEWORK FRIENDS TEST EXAM RESULT HOLIDAY GRADES LIBRARY MIND MAP CLASSMATES MUSIC TRY STUDY PRACTISE PASS FAIL

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New Places

18 NEW PLACES • How to travel • Places to visit • Being a tourist • The environment ● Verbs – present perfect ● Direct and indirect speech

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Holiday time Teacher: Halima: Ahmed:

What will you do in your holiday? I will stay at home. My family and I will go to my uncle’s place in Stavanger. Teacher: How? Ahmed: We’ll go by car. Yawar: I will go to Germany to visit my brother. I’ll go by boat to Denmark, then by bus to Germany. I’ll travel to Oslo by train. I’ll visit my cousins. Linnea: I will go to Paris with my family. We’ll go by plane. Maria: Where would you go if you could pick any destination? Teacher: Maria: I would go to Brazil for the Carnival! My dream is to see Manchester United play Yawar: in Old Trafford, so I would go to Great Britain. Mohammed: I would love to visit Hollywood in USA. I’d like to spot some celebrities. Halima: I wish I could go to Somalia to see my family! My dream holiday is to go to Australia. I want to Linnea: learn to surf and I want to see the desert.

What will you do in your holiday? – Hva skal du gjøre i ferien? I will stay at home. – Jeg skal være hjemme. I will go to – Jeg skal reise til I will go by – Jeg skal reise med I will visit – Jeg skal besøke Where would you go? – Hvor ville du ha reist? I would go to – Jeg ville reise til My dream is to see – Drømmen min er å se I would love to visit – Jeg vil gjerne besøke I wish I could go to – Jeg skulle ønske jeg kunne dra til My dream holiday is – Drømmeferien min er

CAR

BOAT

BUS

travel – reise holiday – ferie visit – besøke destination – reisemål desert – ørken to surf – å surfe

PLANE

TRAIN

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has invited – har invitert join – være med home country – hjemland booked – bestilte airline tickets – flybilletter have arrived – har kommet frem passport control – passkontroll security control – sikkerhetskontroll picked up – plukket opp

Welcome to London Brian has invited Aden to join him on holiday to his home country, Great Britain. They booked cheap airline tickets to London. Now they have arrived, passed the passport and security control, picked up their luggage and are on their way to the centre of London by London Underground. Brian: Here is your ticket! Beep it on the machine. Aden: What, this one? Brian: Hurry up! You’re making a queue! Aden: My suitcase is too big. I’m stuck. Underground worker: Pass here, please!

luggage – bagasje beep it – stemple den queue – kø suitcase – koffert I’m stuck. – Jeg henger fast. pass here – gå gjennom her the escalator – rulletrappen May I pass? – Kan jeg komme forbi? stressed – stresset confused – forvirret to take in – å fordøye bumps into – dulter borti on the way out – på vei ut Watch where you are going. – Pass på hvor du går. polite – høflig to remember – å huske

Aden: There are so many people here! Why do they walk so fast? Brian: This is London! That’s what people do here. Now, let’s get down the escalator. Man: Excuse me! May I pass, please? Aden: Yeah, ok. Brian: Stand on the right-hand side. The left side is for people walking. Aden: Ok, I didn’t know! Finally, they get on a train. Aden is a bit stressed and confused. There are so many new things to take in. He bumps into a lady on the way out. Lady: Excuse me, please watch where you are going! Aden: Ok. Brian: Aden, one more thing, people in Britain are very polite. You have to say “sorry”, “please” and “excuse me”. Aden: OK, I’ll try to remember. Sorry, Brian!

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Sightseeing in London The next day, Brian and Aden go sightseeing in London. Aden loves it. He sends lots of snaps back to his family. It’s great to be a tourist in London!

snaps – bilder sightseeing – sightseeing tourist – turist

Brighton

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A day trip to Brighton a day trip – en dagstur seaside city – kystby countryside – landsbygda cosy – koselig villages – landsbyer farms – gårder hills – bakker fields – enger sheep – sauer rivers – elver running through – renner igjennom deep forests – dype skoger

Brian’s parents live in Brighton, a seaside city, one hour train journey south of London. Brian and Aden go for a day trip to see them. From the train, they can see some of the British countryside. They pass small, cosy villages, farms and green hills. There are many big fields with sheep. They see rivers running through deep forests and roads nearly covered by bushes and trees. When they get to Brighton, they see high cliffs, beaches and the blue ocean. They meet Brian’s parents for some fish'n chips on Brighton Palace Pier, right on the beach. Later they wander through Brighton’s narrow streets, with plenty of cafés, pubs and secondhand shops. Aden gets a black leather jacket for Ahmed, which will make him look really cool on stage with a guitar.

roads – veier nearly covered – nesten dekket over bushes – busker trees – trær high cliffs – høye klipper beaches – strender ocean – hav fish'n chips – fisk og pommes frites wander – rusler narrow streets – trange gater pubs – puber plenty of – mange second-hand shops – bruktbutikker leather jacket – skinnjakke on stage – på scenen

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My dream destination Linnea and Mohammed have just finished a geography project in school. The task was to research and write about a country they would like to visit. Here are their presentations.

AUSTRALIA dream destination – drømme-destinasjon geography project – geografi-prosjekt the task – oppgaven research – undersøke presentations – presentasjoner tropical – tropisk temperate – temperert climate – klima continent – kontinent island – øy surrounded by – omgitt av the Indian Ocean – Det indiske hav coral reef – korallrev snorkelling – å snorkle official language – offisielt språk inhabitants – innbyggere uninhabited – ubebodd desert – ørken

I love hot and sunny countries, and Australia has got a tropical and ct temperate climate, perfe for me. It has many s beautiful beaches, famou for surfing, so I could learn to surf there, too. Australia is both a continent and an island, e biggest e Indian Ocean. It has th and it’s surrounded by th Great Barrier Reef. I would e th d lle ca , rld wo e th in coral reef tropical fishes there. like to go snorkelling for

untry has stralia is English. The co The official language of Au th big cities, like Sydney, 25 million inhabitants, wi and uninhabited countryside , ra er nb Ca d an e rn ou Melb any of the s of Australia is desert. M ird th o tw t, fac In . rts se de there. s people of Australia, live Aborigines, the indigenou

erous for some of the most dang e m ho as n ow kn is a ali Austr I wouldn’t akes, spiders and sharks. animals on earth, both sn ga , but I wouldn’t mind seein want to meet any of them te, little wombat. jumping kangaroo or a cu

two thirds – to tredjedeler indigenous people – urbefolkning dangerous – farlige animals – dyr earth – jorden snakes – slanger spiders – edderkopper sharks – haier kangaroo – kenguru wombat – vombat

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The United States of America

USA I would love to vi sit Hollywood in Los Angeles, becaus e I am very intere sted in films. I want to walk down the H ollywood Walk of Fa me on Hollywood Boulevard, to look at all the stars w ith names of famous actors and charac ters in films and on TV. A visit to U ni versal Studios is also a must, of course, to get be hind the scenes of a real Hollywood m ovie. I also want to see the rock form ations of Grand Canyon and try to gamble in one of the Las Vegas’ ca sinos. Here are some fa cts about the USA : The country is m ade up of 50 stat es and has over 325 million inhabitant s. The national lang uage is English. The biggest cities are New York, Los Angeles and Chica go and the capita l is Washington, D .C. Here you find the White House, whe re the President of USA works. USA has a varied landscape. It has tropical climates and beaches in th e south, deserts in the west, high pe aks in the Rocky Mou ntains and a lot of wildlife. Before th e Europeans inva ded the country in 1492, the Native Americans, the in digenous people of USA, lived here.

walk down – gå nedover stars – stjerner famous – berømt actors – skuespillere characters – karakterer a must – noe som må gjøres get behind the scenes of – være i kulissene av movie – film rock formations – fjellformasjoner to gamble – å spille casinos – kasinoer facts – fakta made up of – består av states – stater national language – nasjonalt språk capital – hovedstad the White House – Det hvite hus the President – presidenten varied – variert landscape – landskap high peaks – høye fjell wildlife – dyreliv invaded – invaderte Native Americans – urfolk i USA

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Young people for the environment Maria is concerned about the environment on our planet. She has started a blog where she writes about different environmental issues. Today’s topic is plastic pollution in the sea.

YPE

Young people for the environment

concerned – bekymret the environment – miljøet our planet – planeten vær a blog – en blogg environmental issues – miljøspørsmål a topic – et emne plastic – plastikk pollution – forurensning the sea – sjøen

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whale – hval stranded – strandet stomach – mage plastic bags – plastposer tonnes – tonn dumped – dumpet ocean – hav scientists – forskere take action – gjør noe tangled up in – viklet seg inn i digest –fordøye drown – drukne become ill – blitt syke starve to death – sulte i hjel breaks down into – blir brutt ned til poisonous – giftig humans – mennesker multi coloured – mangefargede fragments – små biter sunbathe – sole seg reduce – redusere use of – bruk av reusable – gjenbrukbar recycle – resirkuler

Dead whale stranded on a beach in Cornwall.

IN 2050 THERE WILL BE MORE PLASTIC THAN FISH IN THE SEA! • Every year, eight million tonnes of plastic is dumped in the ocean. By 2050, scientists say, there will be more plastics than fish in the sea, if we don’t take action now! • The problem with plastic in the sea, is that fish, whales and other sea animals are tangled up in it or eat it. They cannot digest it. Many animals have drowned, become ill or starve to death because of the pollution. • Another problem is that plastic breaks down into tiny pieces called micro plastics. This is poisonous to animals and humans. • Scientist have found multi-coloured beaches in the Pacific, where the sand is not only made of small stones, but of small fragments of plastic. Who wants to sunbathe on a poisonous beach?

packaging – emballasje in bulk – løs vekt disposable cutlery – engangsbestikk biodegradable – biologisk nedbrytbare ”litter picker” group – avfallsplukke-gruppe

FIVE THINGS YOU CAN DO TO USE LESS PLASTIC: 1. Say no to plastic bags in the shop. Bring a reusable bag instead. 2. Use a reusable bottle. Then you don’t need to buy a new one every time. 3. Recycle plastic packaging. Buy fruit & vegetables in bulk if you can. 4. Don’t use disposable plastic products like cups and cutlery, go for reusable or biodegradable. 5. Start up your own “litter picker” group.

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REMEMBER ! Questions and expressions What will you do in your holiday? I will stay at home. I will go to Paris. I will visit my uncle. How will you get there?

I will go by train.

Where would you go?

I would go to Hollywood. My dream is to see Grand Canyon. I would love to visit India. I wish I could go to Somalia.

VERBS - present perfect Perfektum For å lage perfektum, bruker vi have + verb i perfektum partisipp. SIMPLE PAST

PRESENT PERFECT

Preteritum

Presens perfektum

I travelled

I have travelled

jeg har reist

I invited

I have invited

jeg har invitert

I booked

I have booked

jeg har bestilt

Perfektum kan brukes til å forbinde fortid og nåtid, for eksempel når en aktivitet har begynt, men fortsatt holder på. He has played football since he was ten. (he still plays football) Når man skal beskrive et ubestemt tidspunkt i fortiden. I have been to Italy many times. Perfektum brukes også i positive og negative former, og i spørsmål. I have been to Italy. I have not been to Italy.

Have you been to Italy?

Man kan ikke bruke perfektum hvis man snakker om en spesifikk tid, da brukes preteritum. Brian travelled to Italy last week.

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DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH Direkte og indirekte tale Direkte tale er når du skriver ned akkurat det som blir sagt. Da bruker vi anførselstegn. Linnea says, “I love hot and sunny countries.” “I am very interested in films,” Mohammed said. Indirekte tale er når du gjengir med egne ord noe som en annen sier eller har sagt. Linnea says (that) she loves hot and sunny countries. Mohammed said that he is very interested in films.

Continents and cardinal directions Verdensdeler og himmelretninger

EUROPE ASIA

AMERICA

AFRICA

OCEANIA

NORTH T

H RT

W TH

WEST

EAST ST

U SO

ES W TH

H UT

I live in the west of Norway. He lives in the southeast. They live up north. The capital is in the east part of the country.

Australia is east of Africa. Europe is north of Africa. Europe is west of Asia.

SOUTH

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EXERCISES 1 Mind map and talk. Holiday time. Page 177. • • • •

Make a mind map with 5–10 expressions from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

2 In pairs. Talk about holiday. Use the expressions on page 177. – What will you do in your next holiday? – How will you get there? – Who will you visit? – Where would you go if you could choose a destination?

3 Listen to your teacher and write the expressions: ___________________________

___________________________

4 Mind map and talk. Welcome to London. Page 178. • • • •

Make a mind map with 5–10 words from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

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5 Solve the crossword! Write the words in English. ACROSS 1 ferie 5 sightseeing 8 besøke 9 fly 12 turist 13 rulletrapp 15 komme frem 16 billett 17 bil

DOWN 2 bagasje 3 tog 4 buss 5 koffert 6 båt 7 kø 9 pass 10 reise 11 land 14 bestille

5 6

7 8

10 11

15 16 17

6 Write the answers in your notebook. A day trip to Brighton. Page 180. Headline: Questions and answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Where do Brian’s parents live? How do Brian and Aden get to Brighton? How long is the train journey? Write five things they see from the train. What do they eat with Brian’s parents? Where do they go to eat? What do they do after they have eaten? What does Aden get for Ahmed?

YOU MADE IT!

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7 Describe the landscapes. Use words from page 180.

8 Write about Australia and USA. Use your notebook. My dream destination. Page 181. Read the text about Australia and write 5–10 facts about the country. Headline: Facts about Australia Read the text about USA and write 5–10 facts about the country. Headline: Facts about USA (The United States of America)

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9 Write about your home country Use the internet for research. Write 5–10 facts about your own country.

10 Interview 3 classmates. Talk to 3 people in your class about their home country. Here are questions you can ask them: – What is the name of your home country? – What is the capital city? – How many inhabitants are there? – What do you like about your country? – What do you not like about your country?

11 Write about your dream destination. My dream destination. Page 180–182. Use the texts about Australia and USA as a model, or use these questions as a guide. Heading: My dream destination – – – – – – – – –

Where would you like to go and why? How big is the country? What is the capital city? Are there other important cities? How many inhabitants are there? What groups of people live there? What languages are spoken? How is the climate? What is typical for the country? About food, clothes, buildings, nature. What type of nature can you find? The highest mountain? The longest river? What kind of animals live there?

12 Present your text to a group or to the class.

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13 Listen to your teacher and write: ___________________________

___________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

14 Mind map and talk. Young people for the environment. Page 183. • • • •

Make a mind map with 10–15 words from the text. Write in your notebook. Compare your mind map with a classmate. Talk together using the mind map.

15 Tick the correct answer. True False Maria cares about the environment. She writes a blog about dancing and exercising. She has written about plastic pollution in the sea. If we don’t do something, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050. Eight thousand tonnes of plastic is dumped in the sea every year. Sea animals gets hurt or drown because of the plastic. The plastic breaks down into poisonous micro plastic. You can’t reduce your use of plastic. Bring a reusable bag when you are shopping. Don’t use disposable plastic products and recycle your plastic.

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16 Discuss. 1 2 3 4 5

Are you concerned about the environment? What do you and your family do to take care of the environment? What can you do to reduce your use of plastic? Does your school participate in any environmental projects? Are there environmental youth organisations in your area?

17 Listen to your teacher and write: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

18 Simple past or present perfect? Present perfect. Page 185. see

I ___________________ the film many times. I ___________________ the film on Saturday night.

travel I ___________________ from Bergen this morning. I ___________________ for many hours already. live

I ___________________ in Eritrea all my life. I ___________________ in Eritrea for ten years, before I came to Norway.

book I ___________________ the tickets for the wedding already. I ___________________ the tickets last week. invite Yesterday Brian ______________ Aden to go to London on holiday. Brian ________________ Aden to travel to London several times.

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19 Write the sentences in direct speech. Direct and indirect speech. Page 186. Linnea says she loves hot and sunny countries.

“I love hot and sunny countries,” Linnea says. Linnea says that Australia has many beautiful beaches.

Linnea thinks that she can learn to surf in Australia.

She tells us that the Great Barrier Reef is the biggest coral reef in the world.

Linnea thinks that she wants to go snorkelling there.

Linnea says that the official language of Australia is English.

20 Write the sentences in indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech. Page 186. “I am very interested in films,” Mohammed says.

Mohammes says he is very interested in films. “I would love to visit Hollywood!” Mohammed says.

“I want to walk down the Hollywood Walk of Fame,” he says.

“I want to gamble in one of the Las Vegas’ casinos,” he thinks.

“USA has over 325 million inhabitants,” Mohammed says.

“Washington D.C. is the capital,” he tells us.

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