Recycling Product News November/December 2023, Volume 31, Number 7

FIRST-GENERATION INNOVATION AT MERRILLVILLE METAL RECYCLING Q&A WITH WYATT PONTIUS OF REMATTER NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 recyclingproductnews.com PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270

EMTERRA ACCELERATES GREEN FLEET VISION

SUPPLIER TO 7 NWRA “RECYCLING FACILITY OF THE YEAR” AWARD WINNERS Murphy Road Recycling, LLC Berlin, CT 2023

GFL Environmental Toronto, Canada 2022

Mazza Recycling Services Tinton Falls, NJ 2021

FCC Environmental Services Houston, TX 2020

Republic Services Plano, TX 2019

FCC Environmental Services Dallas, TX 2017

Sims Municipal Recycling Brooklyn, NY 2015

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ey worked rvice team. Th – there se EN G O EB g the way the SENN came up alon nics ough credit to I can’t give en teresting’ challenges that ere weren’t a lot of mecha ‘in en th e , be w th l ve ne Being so hanics ha through al ys out there. they and our dealer’s mec echanics. gu er tt be no t m are alongside our ned on this, bu anywhere trai t coming out and working C N , er ou ug great ab al Manager, H Barge Termin ” d the Machine r w our “Beyon fo ho t t or ou pp ab su e or ng lo Read m ensures lifet t en es rg itm la m s m the nation’ aftersale co stomers with cu N GE O s.

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Model 4 The new model 4 E-Z log Baler is just what mid size scrap yards have been asking for! Priced right for any yard — small, mid size, or large!

Like the Model 3, the NEW Model 4 has no set up time and a very low cost to operate.

The one man operations are all handled from the newly designed cab. With the 400º rotation crane and a reach of 27’ adding the continuous rotation grapple, it makes loading the larger chamber a breeze.

Taking your loose scrap to a highly sought after shreddable log.

— Cycles in under 2 minutes!

— Produces up to 70 tons per day.

— Fully portable in the closed position.

— New seat design for more operator comfort.

It’s your Industry - you deserve to know everythIng about It Because when you have the right information, you make the best choices for your converters.

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Catalytic Converter Recycling

20

COVER STORY FIRST-GENERATION INNOVATION AT MERRILLVILLE METAL RECYCLING

32 28

TELEHANDLER OR WHEEL LOADER? GET BOTH IN ONE MACHINE

38

Q&A WITH WYATT PONTIUS OF REMATTER

EMTERRA ACCELERATES GREEN FLEET VISION WITH ELECTRIC WHEEL LOADERS

November/December 2023 | Volume 31, Number 7

FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS & SECTIONS

20

10

First-generation scrapyard success

26

Lindemann creates like-for-like replacement of shredder housing for Cimco

28

Telehandler or wheel loader? Get both in one machine

32

Q&A with Wyatt Pontius of ReMatter

38

Emterra accelerates green fleet vision with electric wheel loaders

40

How AI could change the way we think about recycling

42

Recovered paper markets in Asia

From the Editor

12

News Room

18

Spotlight

20

Metals

26

Size Reduction

28

Equipment

38

Operations

40

Technology

42

Commodity Focus

46

Advertiser Index

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | VOLUME 31 • NUMBER 7 EDITOR IN CHIEF Kaitlyn Till ktill@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 330

DESIGN & PRODUCTION Morena Zanotto morena@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 325

EDITOR Slone Fox sfox@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 335

PRESIDENT/PUBLISHER Ken Singer ksinger@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 226

ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER/ VICE PRESIDENT OF SALES Sam Esmaili sam@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 110

VICE PRESIDENT/CONTROLLER Melvin Date Chong mdatechong@baumpub.com FOUNDER Engelbert J. Baum

ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER Tina Anderson production@baumpub.com 604-291-9900 ext. 222

Published by: Baum Publications Ltd.

FROM THE COVER Jake Bronstein is the CEO of Merrillville Metal Recycling, a first-generation scrap metal recycling company in Merrillville, Indiana.

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A LONG WAY

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FROM THE EDITOR

FROM THE EDITOR RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES ON THE RISE IN 2024

T

his year has been a whirlwind of innovation and transformation in the recycling industry. Amidst the challenges presented by global markets, ever-changing waste streams, and labour shortages, the strides made in automation and artificial intelligence (AI) propelled us forward in 2023.

While AI has been a standout contributor to innovation, quality control, and efficiency, other noteworthy trends and technologies are on the rise, each playing a vital role in shaping the landscape of recycling.

Looking toward 2024, gamification – adding game-like aspects to recycling – is gaining momentum. Municipalities and companies are increasingly adopting reward-based systems to infuse an element of fun into recycling efforts, and by encouraging sustainable behaviours and participation in recycling programs, gamification is in turn expected to increase recycling rates. Interactive recycling and waste bins equipped with audio or visual cues have paved the way, but gamification now extends beyond this. There are multiple apps on the market today that encourage users to collect litter and bring it to a collection point to be rewarded with prizes such as vouchers, electronics, cash, and even cryptocurrency.

On the operational front, blockchain technology is emerging as a game changer. Many recyclers are starting to turn to this technology to address challenges related to traceability, transparency, and authentication. Blockchain technology creates an unchangeable record of a material’s movement throughout the recycling supply chain, ensuring that each step in the process – from collection to processing – is securely documented. This enhances accountability, reduces fraud, and provides stakeholders with a traceable history of recycled materials.

Interestingly, blockchain technology and gamification are already starting to see overlap. The app Plastic Bank, for instance, encourages users to collect plastic waste in exchange for bonuses, which, in turn, support individuals in need by providing basic necessities such as groceries and health insurance. Blockchain technology ensures the traceability of the collected items, offering users and businesses a personalized view of their individual impact while simultaneously providing

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recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

As the recycling industry navigates the considerable changes witnessed this year and the anticipated transformation ahead, the interplay between technology and recycling will only continue to grow more Join us at the LARGEST gathering of intriguing as technology advances.

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organics recycling, compost manufa and wood processing industry verifiable income to those in need.

As the recycling industry navigates considerable changIN THEthe WORLD!

es witnessed this year and the anticipated transformation ahead, the interplay between technology and recycling will only continue to grow more intriguing as technology advances. As 2023 comes to a close, I’m excited to see how the indus- Early Bird try leverages these advancements to bring us closer and closer to achieving a fully circular economy. On behalf of the entire Recycling Product News team, we look forward to another year of sharing essential news and in-depth articles with you as we continue to cover the latest developments moving the recycling industry forward.

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US COMPOSTING COUNCIL DEVELOPS COMPOSTABLE PRODUCT LABELLING GUIDELINES

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recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

he US Composting Council (USCC) and Biodegradable Products Institute (BPI) have released a set of guiding principles to inform model legislation for labelling compostable products. The principles were developed after months of consensus-building by a task force composed of members from both organizations, including compostable product-makers, certifiers, municipal leaders, allied members of USCC, and compost manufacturers.

Task force members agreed that products should be labelled with distinguishing elements including tinting, striping, and the use of certification logos, while non-compostable items should be prohibited from using identical labelling and misleading terminology. Additionally, all compostable items should be defined by required lab testing and are encouraged to consider field testing.

While the few existing labelling bills include requirements for third-party certification and/or testing to current ASTM testing standards, additional principles include: • Limiting compostability claims to products that touch, contain, or carry food products, scraps, or other organic material accepted by compost manufacturers.

• Prohibiting misleading or unsubstantiated terms such as “biodegradable.”

• Recommending field testing to ensure compatible facility conditions.

• Requiring compostable products such as produce and food collection bags, and other food service ware to be labelled “compostable,” carry a certification mark, and distinguish themselves with a green, brown, or beige colour, tint, or quarter-inch stripe.

• Prohibiting non-compostable food packaging and food service ware from using identical compostable colours, labelling, or marks.

• Restricting degradation claims to specific, intended environments (i.e., compost, agricultural soil).

• Exempting compostable products from using resin ID codes to reduce consumer confusion.

NEW TECHNOLOGY REMOVES IMPURITIES FROM RECYCLED ALUMINUM MELTS

T

he REMADE Institute has licensed a new technology that utilizes an aluminum recycling innovation developed with REMADE’s support. The license involves a technological innovation capable of removing metallic impurities from recycled aluminum melts, improving the quality of the aluminum, and allowing it to be used for more diverse applications like electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing.

Details of the technological innovation are the subject of a pending patent. Proprietary process advantages include the removal of impurities and the increased availability and quality of recycled aluminum.

According to the R&D project team, producing recycled aluminum costs less and saves more than 90 percent of the energy required to produce primary aluminum. Aluminum is one of the world’s most recycled materials, but there is room to enhance its recycling rate, cost, recyclability, and sustainability. The U.S. Geological Survey estimates that the U.S. consumption of aluminum in 2022 was 5.100 million metric tons (MMT). Of this, about 2.740 MMT was imported, 0.860 MMT was produced from primary ores, and the balance of 1.5 MMT was produced from scrap.

Subodh Das, the R&D project’s principal investigator, says the research project ultimately seeks to develop technologies to improve the quality and increase the usage of recycled aluminum in U.S. manufacturing.

“This technology is capable of benefitting aluminum companies significantly,” he says. “It’s capable of lowering their energy costs, increasing their profits, and increasing the overall value of recycled aluminum considerably.”

REMADE Chief Technology Officer Magdi Azer says the tech license is another milestone for the public-private partnership, which seeks to increase the reuse, remanufacturing, recycling, and recovery of four energy-intensive materials: metals, including steel and aluminum; polymers, including plastics; fibres, including papers and textiles; and electronic scrap.

SCULPTORS CREATE ART FROM 800 POUNDS OF WASTE BUTTER

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ore than 800 pounds of butter arrived at the New York State Fairgrounds in Syracuse as construction of one of Central New York’s most beloved attractions began: the 55th Annual American Dairy Association North East Butter Sculpture.

Over the weekend, sculptors Jim Victor and Marie Pelton began to create the annual sculpture, a process that takes approximately 11 days to complete.

The butter used for the sculpture comes from Batavia, N.Y.based producer O-AT-KA Milk Products is out of specification and unable to be sold or consumed for a variety of reasons.

Instead of wasting the out-of-specification butter, the American Dairy Association North East put the butter to good use by creating a piece of art in partnership with the sculptors.

Following its 13-day stint at the fair, the butter will return to Western New York where it will be recycled into renewable energy at Noblehurst Farms, a dairy farm in Pavilion, N.Y. Noblehurst Farms’ recycling program turns over 500 tons of food waste from supermarkets, universities, and schools each month into enough energy to power the farm and over 300 local homes. The recycling program not only reduces the farm’s carbon footprint, but diverts food waste from landfills, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

MODERNIZING METAL RECYCLING In an industry often dominated by legacy companies, Merrillville Metal Recycling stands out as a first-generation scrapyard bringing a modern perspective to the industry.

Turn to page 20 to read more.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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NEWS ROOM

KOMPTECH AMERICAS IS NOW VIABLY

K

omptech Americas, a supplier of industrial waste and recycling equipment, will now be called Viably. According to the company, the new name encapsulates the company’s mindset of delivering innovative solutions that solve problems in the recycling industry. Viably will continue to be the master distributor of Komptech products across North America.

Viably will launch the new Komptech Lacero high-speed grinder that is engineered for wood and green waste applications; will support the stationary plant system integration from design through installation; will distribute GypStream drywall recycling systems from Scott Equipment Company; and will be the North American master distributor of Harp Renewables biodigesters, a range of aerobic food waste digesters.

GRAPPLES

HANDHELD CUTTING TOOLS

GREENWAVE TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS STARTS DEVELOPMENT ON SCRAP CAR AI PRICING ENGINE

G

reenwave Technology Solutions, an operator of metal recycling facilities in Virginia, North Carolina, and Ohio, has launched an AI pricing engine called Scrap App. Initially focused on junk cars, Greenwave is developing an AI pricing engine to help optimize profit margins on the vehicles it purchases.

Greenwave plans to utilize its proprietary data comprised of tens of thousands of unique transactions annually for more than 20 different grades of ferrous and non-ferrous metals to train a large language model for the scrap metal industry. The company believes that generative AI will help optimize pricing and provide informed real-time quotes to buyers.

SCRAP MAGNETS

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ALLIGATOR SHEARS

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The Medora plant can process 3,200 cubic feet of landfill gas per minute into RNG – enough gas to heat around 13,026 homes annually, according to the EPA’s Landfill Gas Energy Benefits Calculator.

Traditionally, RNG plants have been custom-built, but the Archaea Modular Design allows plants to be built on skids with interchangeable components. Using a standardized modular design leads to faster builds.

ARCHAEA ENERGY DEPLOYS MODULAR RNG PLANT AT RUMPKE WASTE AND RECYCLING LANDFILL

A

rchaea Energy has launched the official startup of its Archaea Modular Design (AMD) renewable natural gas (RNG) plant in Medora, Indiana. Located next to a landfill owned by Rumpke Waste and Recycling, it’s the first plant to come online since bp’s acquisition of Archaea in December 2022.

Landfill gas, a natural byproduct of the decomposition of waste in landfills, is a form of greenhouse gas. Using the AMD design, the Medora plant captures the gas from Rumpke’s landfill and converts it to electricity, heat, or renewable natural gas, which leads to cleaner air, less odour, and more sustainable energy when compared with traditional fossil fuel energy.

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INDUSTRY LEADERS

REDWOOD MATERIALS RAISES OVER $1 BILLION IN SERIES D FUNDING

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edwood Materials has completed a round of equity funding, raising more than $1 billion in Series D shares. Redwood Materials will use the Series D funding to continue building capacity, expanding the domestic battery supply chain, and allowing the purchase of battery materials made in the U.S. Redwood Materials also aims to expand its collection of end-of-life batteries, increase refining capability to recover higher quantities of materials, and harness the value of recycled values to make sustainable products. To date, Redwood has raised nearly $2 billion of equity capital along with an additional $2 billion loan commitment from the U.S. Department of Energy.

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NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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NEWS ROOM

PILOT PROJECT RECYCLES 40,000 POUNDS OF MEDICAL WASTE

B

D and Casella Waste Systems have released the most recent results of a recycling pilot to manage discarded syringes and needles that led to 40,000 pounds of medical waste being recycled and diverted from disposal.

Healthcare facilities are major consumers of syringes, which have been particularly difficult to recycle due to the various components and steps involved in the process, including the safe handling of medical waste and treating and sterilizing materials before they can be reintroduced for recycling. This recycling pilot helps address a challenge within the healthcare industry, which generates more than three billion pounds of plastic waste in the U.S. alone.

The circular economy pilot, which took place in the first half of 2023, was the first large-scale effort to assess the feasibility of recycling medical waste found in red sharps containers. These containers included a broad range of medical equipment and materials, primarily syringes and needles. The medical waste was collected across a variety of health care facilities and all of the plastics were diverted from disposal and recycled. The pilot also assessed the technical feasibility of two types of technology – mechanical and advanced recycling – both showing favour-

able results in their ability to successfully recycle used medical devices for use in other products.

The next stage of the pilot program will expand regionally to additional hospitals and non-acute-care facilities. The teams will also increase focus to cover other types of medical materials for recycling, as well as reclaiming the used devices and returning them to the manufacturing process.

NEW STANDARD FOR RECYCLED DEBRAND AND COLEO CREATE CIRCULARLY DESIGNED LANYARDS PLASTIC CONTENT IN CANADA

D

ebrand partnered with Coleo, a textile recycling company, to produce circular lanyards for the recent 2023 Textile Exchange Conference in London, U.K. “I’ve attended hundreds of conferences throughout my career and it’s heart-wrenching to know that attendees produce approximately four pounds of waste per day,” says Amelia Eleiter, co-founder of Debrand. “We wanted to find a way to demonstrate how we can work together to reduce unnecessary waste, so we decided to focus on eliminating lanyards from ending up in landfills.”

As part of their work to reduce waste at physical events, Textile Exchange used circular lanyards for 1,200 attendees at this year’s conference.

Debrand selected Coleo as a partner to demonstrate how a collaborative ecosystem of suppliers can produce, distribute, pre-process, and circulate products designed with next-life logistics at their inception, minimizing environmental impact.

The lanyards are 100 percent GRS certified and made with 50 percent recycled cotton and 50 percent recycled PES.

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recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

T

he Bureau de normalisation du Québec (BNQ) has published the standard CAN/BNQ 3840-100 Recycled Plastic Content Products that aims to guarantee recycled plastic content in new products manufactured in Canada.

The new National Standard of Canada applies to all organizations performing plastics recycling (recyclers), plastics sorting (sorting centres), plastics processing (packers), and plastics transforming (converters), as well as brand owners whose products contain plastics that incorporate them into a new product.

This standard specifies the requirements for determining the content of recycled plastic introduced into the production process of the end product and the procedures for tracing the products with recycled plastic content entering the supply chain. It establishes the basic requirements for classifying a product based on its origin and treatment (mechanical or chemical). It has been developed to be used as a reference document as part of certification activities of the applicable products.

RECYCLING PROGRAM CREATES NEW CHASSIS MATERIAL FROM DAMAGED BUMPERS

U

ltra-Poly’s new automotive bumper recycling program facilitates the collection of damaged automotive bumpers and reprocesses them into new raw materials. Ultra-Poly collaborated with Autoneum North America to develop a product that uses recycled bumper material as a rigid backing substrate for fibrous layers. This layer is a composite used in vibration and noise attenuation in chassis components.

The project looked to determine if the fascia material of bumpers could be recovered and used in new bumper fascia. This was ultimately deemed not viable, primarily due to surface finish issues. However, there was potential for use in other polypropylene compounds as well as non-appearance applications in automotive and in other industrial markets.

Ultra-Poly collects the used bumper covers directly from autobody shops where they have been removed from vehicles and stripped of any usable connected components. Ultra-Poly says that the resultant material has an ideal balance of stiffness and toughness and is certified 100 percent post-consumer content.

The recycled material is now available to be sampled and used by any automotive manufacturer or supplier for other potential programs.

NEED SEPARATION?

LET’S GET TOGETHER!

SCHNITZER STEEL REBRANDS TO RADIUS RECYCLING

S

chnitzer Steel Industries has rebranded to Radius Recycling.

Radius Recycling better aligns with the company’s role as a metal recycler, reflecting its position in the circular economy and furthers its commitment to the recycling of essential metals required to support global carbon reduction.

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NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

17

SPOTLIGHT

SPOTLIGHT

INTRODUCTIONS & UPDATES

Scrap shear

Modular screen plant

Simplicity

SCREEN PLANT

The MHS620X modular screen plant from Simplicity features a new extra clearance 6- by 20-foot ESX horizontal screen, providing increased space between the screen decks resulting in easier maintenance access to the media and improving overall maintenance safety. Other key features include a heavy-duty I-beam frame, rigid diagonal truss construction, and galvanized steel structure including walkways, stairs, and guard rails. Simplicity’s modular product line consists of several pre-designed wet and dry screening plug-and-play modules. The variety of bolt-on options are interchangeable and can be fastened on-site using basic hand tools.

Lindemann

Screencore

Lindemann Metal Recycling Solutions’ NxtCut hydraulic scrap shear is specifically designed for processing moderate volumes of assorted light to medium-heavy scrap metal. The model is available in TD80 and shorter TD62 configurations. Three standard 110 kW drives can handle up to almost 40 tph in full-stroke operation, and correspondingly less with the shorter version.

The shear can be given an additional power boost with an optional fourth drive. The 8 or 6.2-metre-long charge boxes provide a 2,000-millimetre-wide and 1,650-millimetre-deep area in which to deposit scrap, before 250 tonnes of side compression force and 270 tonnes of lid force efficiently compresses it into a package of just 800 by 600 millimetres.

Screencore’s new Trident 125 Hi-Stak combines the benefits of a scalper screen with the stockpiling capabilities of a stacker to produce accurately sized aggregate from construction and demolition materials. Combining two machines into one reduces carbon emissions, increases fuel savings, and eliminates the need for double-handling fines or creating a wheel loader stockpile. The Screencore range of stockpilers has been developed to deliver stockpiles of materials working with the machine’s own on-board power unit, but can also be powered by a crusher, screen, plug-in mains, or genset.

SCRAP SHEAR

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Stockpiler

recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

STOCKPILER

Rotary compactor

Mobile trommel screen

Eggersmann

Epax Systems

Eggersmann’s updated TERRA SELECT T 60 tracked mobile trommel screen utilizes a new track chassis system as well as a levelling function that keeps the drum balanced on inclines of up to seven percent. The capacity of the hopper has increased by 25 percent to 7.5 cubic metres, while the volume of the hopper has increased by 16 percent. The trommel screen allows for the use of other manufacturers’ drums, enabling the utilization of existing drum stock. The QuickChange stone grid helps to protect the machine from damage caused by larger rocks and separates them from the actual fractions.

Ropax Roto-Compactors from Epax Systems are industrial-grade machines that use a rotating drum with metal teeth to tear, rip, shred, and compact a wide variety of items including cardboard boxes, fruit and vegetable crates, plastic waste, packing filler, and more. With two models available, both systems utilize a pull-down mail-style feed opening. This design keeps users at a safe distance from the compaction drum while also providing a shelf from which to feed waste. Items can be fed continuously during the compaction process, and the Roto-Compactors have a small footprint requiring very little space and no structural alterations to facilities.

TROMMEL SCREEN

COMPACTOR

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

19

METALS

Bronstein places a strong emphasis on developing a workforce that’s aligned with building a more sustainable future.

FIRST-GENERATION INNOVATION MERRILLVILLE METAL RECYCLING EMBRACES MODERN STRATEGIES UNBURDENED BY INDUSTRY NORMS

BY SLONE FOX, EDITOR

METALS

I

n an industry steeped in tradition and often dominated by legacy companies, Merrillville Metal Recycling stands out as a first-generation scrapyard bringing a modern perspective to the world of metal recycling.

CEO Jake Bronstein’s fascination with the scrap metal industry began during a visit to a scrapyard as a child and spilled over into adulthood as he pursued a career at a metal recycling facility in Illinois. Armed with a deep understanding of the industry and an entrepreneurial drive, Bronstein eventually ventured into Merrillville, Indiana, founding Merrillville Metal Recycling in 2020. Since then, the company has expanded to include two facilities with the recent acquisition of Benton Metal Recycling in Michigan.

scratch, it’s really kind of a trial-by-error nature. Sometimes the lessons have more upsides and sometimes the lessons are a little more expensive, but that’s how you grow.”

CUSTOM SCRAP SOLUTIONS

With the circular economy at the heart of everything it does, Merrillville Metal Recycling provides a wide range of services for both ferrous and non-ferrous materials, including designing and implementing custom scrap management programs.

“We do some full processing where we’ll actually process the material for our customers and they have complete control over their own inventory. They market their material as-is and they get the receivable off of that. We just process the material to spec,” says Bronstein. “There’s other times where we provide FIRST-GENERATION FREEDOM tolling for them. So we’re managing their supply chain, not only scrap metal generation and waste, but also helping them procure Unlike its multi-generational counterparts, Merrillville Metal Recycling has the freedom to chart its own path unburdened by finished product that will go into their manufacturing process.” the legacies and conventional practices that many generational By taking supplied materials, processing them into finished companies grapple with. By leveraging modern approaches, products, and returning the resulting products to the original cutting-edge technology, and transparent business practices, company, Merrillville Metal Recycling’s tolling services provide Merrillville Metal Recycling’s fresh perspective allows it to ema closed-loop system for its customers with the added advantage brace change and shape the future of recycling in ways that are of streamlining supply chains, simplifying raw material proboth innovative and sustainable. curement, and allowing for vendor consolidation.

“It’s more so just finding the pain points of our customers and developing solutions for it,” says Bronstein. “So whether that’s on-site processing, or helping them have better control of their waste streams, or if they want to monetize their own waste streams and take the risk on themselves, we’ll help them do that. Whether it’s a consultaIn order to grow our footprint, buy more tion so that they can reduce their carbon footprint through technology or through processing, or mayfacilities, and get into more complex be something that reduces the amount that they’re forms of metal manufacturing, we spending on transportation, these are all things that we’re open to. There’s no one-size-fits-all.” need to attract talent. And that means

continuously working on our culture and providing the beneficial upside to future team members.

Jake Bronstein CEO, Merrillville Metal Recycling

“I think the pro of being a first generation is that you have a clean slate. You’re not dealing with legacy issues that a lot of generational companies fight, whether that be software, culture, assets, or accounting,” says Bronstein. “You have the opportunity to do things right the first time around. Obviously, you’re not going to get everything right, but there’s less resistance to change.”

While first-generation companies have the freedom to create their strategies and explore opportunities with a level of flexibility that larger companies often struggle to achieve, they also lack the experience that older, multi-generational businesses have accrued over time.

“The con is that nothing is guaranteed,” continues Bronstein.

“People learn from their failures, their trials and tribulations, right? So if you’re doing something for a hundred years, there are proven methodologies. There’s proven processes and procedures that produce similar outputs. When we’re starting from

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DATA PLAYS A KEY ROLE

When it comes to running a successful business, having a thorough understanding of data and how it affects day-to-day operations is a critical component. The technology revolution of recent years has been rapid, enabling a deeper dive into data analysis and inventory management that allows recyclers to make more informed decisions.

“Given where scrap prices are, coupled with the volatility, there’s real risk management controls that need to be put in place in order to preserve capital and to grow. I think a lot of the time, it used to be extremely speculative, where there’s really no insight into inventory. You didn’t understand how long something was aging or understand throughput in terms of inventory and weren’t really managing risk from that standpoint. But data and emerging software technologies, particularly AI, are changing the ways in which we approach these businesses and manage risk,” says Bronstein.

“I think using technology to better understand your financials and data will allow you to be less wasteful operators.”

But technology’s influence doesn’t just stop at data analysis and inventory management. The recycling industry is rapidly adopting AI-driven algorithms for decision-making, material transport, and trading, introducing a level of automation that reduces human error and increases precision. Bronstein emphasizes the importance of employing software and artificial intelligence for inventory and data analysis, as well as lever-

Bronstein’s dog, Panda, in the Merrillville Metal Recycling yard.

Merrillville Metal Recycling’s fresh perspective allows it to shape the future of recycling in ways that are both innovative and sustainable.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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METALS

Bronstein’s fascination with the scrap metal industry began during a visit to a scrapyard as a child.

aging these technologies to create algorithms for trading.

“Those are the things that we’re looking to deploy,” says Bronstein. “The more that we can automate and have less human interference or bias within our trading platform, the better.”

CULTIVATING COMPANY CULTURE

Even with artificial intelligence on the rise, human workers remain irreplaceable. While the scarcity of skilled labour, an aging workforce, and ever-evolving waste streams present unique challenges, they also present a unique opportunity for the next generation. According to Bronstein, those who are dedicated to their work can find not only a career, but a purposeful journey within the realm of recycling.

“If I was a young person, I would go where there could be possible wage inflation. The available supply of young, talented labour within our industry is pretty limited, and a lot of the operators in our industry are older in age, so there’s a demographic divide and that creates an opportunity,” says Bronstein. “There’s a knowledge gap, and people pay for knowledge. This isn’t the sexiest business. This is hard work. This is boots on the ground, operationally intensive, logistically intensive, and capital intensive.”

And when it comes to the future, Bronstein believes the companies that will differentiate themselves are the ones that can attract and retain talent. To propel them in this, Merrillville Metal Recycling recently joined the Recycled Media syndicate – a media group that teams up with key players in the industry to help spread recycling awareness – to launch Recycled Indiana.

Through this, Merrillville Metal Recycling utilizes podcasts, social media, and other modern channels to connect with a broader audience to attract new talent, form business connec-

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Sometimes the lessons have more upsides and sometimes the lessons are a little more expensive, but that’s how you grow. tions, and highlight the critical role of scrap metal recycling.

“We want to have a large footprint within the space, whether that be domestically or internationally. Within the next couple of years, we’ll probably focus on acquisitions and building out horizontal and vertical infrastructures as it relates to recycled materials, and we’ll look to bring on more people and attract younger talent,” says Bronstein. “In order to grow our footprint, buy more facilities, and get into more complex forms of metal manufacturing, we need to attract talent. And that means continuously working on our culture and providing the beneficial upside to future team members.”

Today, Merrillville Metal Recycling’s business approach revolves around the strategic integration of technology, marketing, and a commitment to transparency in its practices, setting it apart not only in its methods, but also in the cultural shift that it’s embraced within the recycling industry.

As Bronstein puts it, “Historically, the way it was set up was that there was a hierarchy within organizations, and there was

a huge barrier to entry between employees and management.

There was more of an authoritarian leadership style, where I think today you’re trying to focus on collaboration, and you’re trying to bring in and establish synergies between the different areas of your company to create a well-oiled machine and involve everyone within the growth process.”

With an emphasis on open communication and investing in its employees, the company has cultivated an environment where workers can carve out their own work portfolios and explore growth strategies with a complete line of sight.

“Being somewhat of a startup company, you can really create your own footprint and be successful. And if you want to pursue a go-to-market strategy, or a growth strategy, or if there’s an opportunity to buy a company or another facility, all of the cards are on the table,” says Bronstein. “There’s a level of transparency, because we sit here and we actually share financials and data with our sales team and our operations team because we believe that they’re stakeholders within our success. For a lot of other companies, information and data is pretty guarded.”

As Merrillville Metal Recycling continues to grow and evolve, Bronstein envisions a company that not only expands its footprint through acquisitions and facility developments, but also places a strong emphasis on developing a workforce that is aligned with building a more sustainable future.

“We’ll continue to invest and innovate and get like-minded people that are looking to add value as we transition to a greener and more circular economy,” says Bronstein. “It has to be purposeful. There has to be a maniacal urgency, and that’s the way that we operate.” RPN

Merrillville Metal Recycling provides a wide range of services for both ferrous and non-ferrous materials, including custom scrap management programs.

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SIZE REDUCTION

The Metso 80 shredder was installed back in 2006.

LINDEMANN CREATES LIKEFOR-LIKE REPLACEMENT OF SHREDDER HOUSING FOR CIMCO THE COMPANY UPDATED THE 17-YEAR-OLD SHREDDER HOUSING USING ORIGINAL BLUEPRINTS

W

ith an active global base of over 2,000 machines, the oldest of which was installed over half a century ago, Lindemann aims to keep its machines operational for as long as possible. A good example of this is a recent project for long-term customer Cimco Resources, a metals recycling business with six locations across Illinois. After 17 years of processing all types and grades of metals, including sheet iron, cast iron, and plate steel, Cimco’s shredder in the steel town of Sterling – or at least its shredding housing – was inevitably beginning to show signs of old age.

READY FOR RETIREMENT

“They are operating a Metso 80 model, which is a kind of hybrid of our legacy Hammermills and Lindemann shredders, with a throughput of 80–100 tons per hour,” explains Keith Carroll, product manager for Texas Shredder, Linde-

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mann’s longstanding brand in North America. “We installed it back in 2006, so it’s definitely seen some action. A poorly made shredder will typically have a functional life of 10 years or less, while a good one can last for 15 to 20 years, so Cimco’s box, at 17 years old, had done well and was ready for retirement.”

However, with the rest of the system still in good working order, and a large supply of wear parts on hand, a partial replacement was clearly the way to go. “The shredder box is the primary housing for everything, like the rotor, which is the beating heart of the machine,” Carroll continues. “Then there’s the wear parts, such as liners, grates, and other cast materials – all of which they keep in stock – that are used in the primary impact and abrasion aspects of the process. So, it made sense to reuse all these and just create a like-for-like replacement of the main steel box that holds it all together.”

ORIGINAL BLUEPRINTS

With access to the original drawings and full control of the engineering intellectual property, Lindemann offered the most cost-and-performance effective means of creating a like-for-like replacement. This would ensure Cimco’s system remained high performing and – as all the connections with the rest of the system would be identical – the changeover could occur with minimal downtime.

Having operated as an outsource manufacturer ever since its inception, the company soon selected a partner to carry out the fabrication before COVID-19 caused a temporary setback.

“The original box did a great job – it could really take a beating and keep on ticking! So, with their having the original drawings, I was confident Lindemann could do a good job in getting us a new one to match right up to our existing system,” says Ron Brenny, operations manager at Cimco Resources.

“And they did – even when some initial problems arose during manufacturing due to issues arising from COVID-19, they stepped right up to the plate and quickly found someone else to fabricate the box.”

After the delay, the replacement box was delivered in three truckloads in May 2023. Less than two weeks later, Cimco had installed and commissioned the new box.

“One thing that never goes out of fashion at Lindemann is the support we give to all customers,” Carroll concludes. “Our promise of original-quality rebuilds and made-to-order replacement components ensures that even the oldest metal recycling systems can live to fight another day.”

The Metso 80 is a hybrid of the company’s legacy hammermills and Lindemann shredders.

A poorly made shredder will typically have a functional life of 10 years or less, while a good one can last for 15 to 20 years, so Cimco’s box, at 17 years old, had done well and was ready for retirement.

Keith Carroll Product Manager, Texas Shredder

Meet

Next-Generation of AI and Material Extraction

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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EQUIPMENT

TELEHANDLER OR WHEEL LOADER? GET BOTH IN ONE MACHINE SENNEBOGEN’S NEW 340 G TELESCOPIC WHEEL LOADER IS DESIGNED FOR MATERIAL HANDLING IN RUGGED ENVIRONMENTS

BY KEN SINGER, PUBLISHER

O

ver the past few years, original equipment manufacturers have introduced machines that combine attributes of separate machine categories into a single new machine type. By combining different attributes and functionalities, these machines offer enhanced productivity and convenience to equipment operators involved in C&D recycling operations, scrapyards, transfer stations, and more.

SENNEBOGEN’s innovation journey began by combining the advantages of telehandler and wheel loader technologies into one machine, and the company set out to build a highly versatile, multi-purpose machine while providing far better fuel economy, productivity, safety, and visibility than other material handling options. The result is a 21,000-pound machine which SENNEBOGEN calls a telescopic wheel loader – the 340 G. Built to meet the demands of tough material handling applications, the 340 G is, above all else, robust and high-performing. A solid-steel frame and a well thought out telescopic boom design ensure reliability and durability in demanding continuous operations. It combines compact machine dimensions, 4-tonne load capacity, a stacking height of 7.70 metres, and a remarkably long wheelbase of 3.10 metres which guarantees stability in every situation.

Recycling Product News caught up with Colleen Miller, sales manager for SENNEBOGEN North America, to learn more about this impressive new offering. We began by discussing the difference between the European and North American markets.

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TELEHANDLERS DELIVER FUEL ECONOMY AND MANEUVERABILITY

The 340 G launched in Europe in the fall of 2022 and made its North American debut at WasteExpo in New Orleans in May 2023. Telehandlers in North America are most often found lifting on construction job sites and in agricultural applications. In Europe, telehandlers have been prevalent in recycling, demolition, and waste applications for decades.

European operators attracted to telehandlers working in these applications have also been far more conscientious and aware of fuel consumption, fuel burn, and the total overall operating cost and the related impacts on overall production and ROI of any given asset.

Speaking about the different equipment markets, Miller says that one key differentiator is the cost of energy. “When you look at what the cost of diesel fuel is over in Europe, it’s [North American] pricing times four. Customers are far more conscientious and aware of the cost of their fuel consumption and the total overall operating cost of their equipment because that is what will seriously impact their overall production.”

The other difference, Miller says, is the size of operations.

“In Europe, the spaces in which they have to operate are typically much smaller. For a facility, you need to make the best utilization of space and maximize your profitability on that square footage.”

SENNEBOGEN’s 340 G telescopic wheel loader has an elevating cab – a unique feature for a telehandler.

The elevating cab gives the operator a 360-degree view at a height of 4.10 metres.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONS OF WHEEL LOADERS IN RECYCLING AND DEMOLITION WASTE APPLICATIONS

Wheel loaders are often a key piece of equipment in material handling operations. Nonetheless, SENNEBOGEN sees a number of limitations when working in confined areas or in yards where space is at a premium. Miller explains, “When you typically see a wheel loader in a recycling or waste application inside a facility, you have it shoving all of the material, pressing up against a wall.

Then operators try to drive on top of the material pile to try and elevate the bucket in order to dump material as high as possible.”

For an operator, driving up stacks of recyclables can pose some serious safety risks as these piles move and are usually not very stable. Wheel loaders can easily tip over or the machine and operator jostle from side to side.

Visibility limitations are also an issue for wheel loaders in these applications. Miller explains, “Visibility on wheel loaders can easily be compromised because for operators you can’t always see what you’re doing. In addition, the back of the machine limits visibility causing dangerous safety issues for those that might be working near the machine when it’s backing up and coming off the pile.”

The 340 G solves this issue by providing the operator with 360-degree visibility, with its hydraulic lifting cab and curved windows, which enables the operator to be up and over the material and provides a clear view. “An operator does not need to drive on top of material – you can lift the material and stack it up safely. You never want to go into the pile and compress it

from the ground. All it takes is one accident, and there is a serious injury or death. SENNEBOGEN looked at this problem, saw the safety issue, and designed a solution,” explains Miller.

THE 340 G MAXIMIZES TRUCK LOADING

For truck loading, the 340 G offers another key advantage.

“When using a wheel loader to load a truck, there’s no way for that wheel loader to compress the material in the truck,” Miller says. “If you can compress the material and compact it right, then you could put more in one load. Less trucks on the road means less cost for the operation. With the 340 G, you can articulate that bucket down and compress the material so that if you are loading a truck, you still have the ability to compress the material more into each truck for each load.”

In addition, when the operator doesn’t have to drive the machine into the pile, many common machine maintenance issues that affect the undercarriage are mitigated. The 340 G utilizes a one-piece frame ensuring that the undercarriage is fully protected and material cannot get stuck and damage components.

The telescopic boom takes advantage of integrated Z kinematics which gives maximum breakout force to dig into the material. In addition, the 340 G also has lateral guidance using crane geometry enabling 8,800 pounds of lifting capacity.

Switching between attachments is easy and convenient with a fully hydraulic quick coupler, allowing the operator to quickly switch from a bucket to a fork.

To minimize idle time, the 340 G is fitted with an automatic shutoff when the operator is not in the cab. This machine is powered by a 3.8-litre Cummins 134-hp engine. For ease of maintenance, the engine package is on a detachable skid that can be pulled out. “It’s truly a technician’s dream. It’s amazing,” says Miller.

Excessive heat when operating within facilities can be a big challenge to maintenance-free operations. SENNEBOGEN placed the coolers side by side and the machine comes with a standard hydraulic reversible fan that is manually controlled by a temperature timer.

“A huge advantage here is that if an operator sees debris stuck to the mesh of the engine compartment, they can blow it off with a click of a button in the cab. Engine and component damage due to heat is a real concern, so the cooling system is built for heavy-duty 24-hour operations,” adds Miller.

Another unique feature of the 340 G is a closed-loop circuit in the gearbox. According to Miller, when the operator breaks into material, an energy recovery system engages providing a 30 to 40 percent fuel saving on this system versus a conventional wheel loader. Nitrogen accumulators provide a smooth ride, and the 340 G can reach a top speed of 40 kilometers per hour. In addition, there are three drive settings: front wheel, all wheel, and crab steering.

PURPOSE-BUILT FOR RECYCLING AND DEMOLITION MATERIAL HANDLING

Most heavy iron used for material handling in recycling and demolition operations is designed and built with earthmoving as a primary application. What SENNEBOGEN has done is create a machine that is designed specifically for handling materials for the recycling, waste, and demolition markets.

Miller concludes, “The 340 G is the future of the industry. It’s all about safety, visibility, and productivity, and if you as a business are looking for that, in addition to the lowest possible operating cost in the industry, SENNEBOGEN is your solution.” RPN

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EQUIPMENT

Q&A

WYATT PONTIUS ON DATA-DRIVEN DECISION MAKING, INDUSTRY CHALLENGES & AI’S ROLE IN SCRAPYARD SOFTWARE As the metal recycling sector grapples with changing waste streams and an overall push for greater efficiency and sustainability, innovative software solutions play a pivotal role in addressing these challenges. Metal recycling software systems enhance efficiency in grading, pricing, inventory management, and other operational aspects that increase profitability while providing recyclers with the analytics and insights needed to make data-driven decisions and thrive in a rapidly evolving landscape.

I caught up with Wyatt Pontius, CEO of ReMatter, to discuss the critical role of software solutions in addressing challenges faced by recyclers, as well as the importance of ongoing collaboration between technology providers and recycling companies to ensure that advancements in software – particularly in areas like artificial intelligence – are tailored to meet the specific needs of the industry.

BY SLONE FOX, EDITOR Slone Fox

In your experience, what are the most challenging obstacles that recyclers face today?

How can software such as ReMatter help them overcome these hurdles?

Wyatt Pontius

Ultimately, the recycling business comes down to driving volume and profitability. Particularly in the current macroeconomic environment, it’s more important than ever that recyclers have clear visibility into all aspects of their business to ensure they have sufficient volume to fulfill contracts, are purchasing material at prices that will enable them to operate at a profit, and are staying on top of their cash positions. With the right tools in

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place, operators can utilize this information across the various parts of their business to make their operations as efficient as possible, something which is particularly important at a time when hiring and retaining talent at a reasonable cost can be a challenge.

ReMatter not only provides operators with the tools to do their work more efficiently – allowing yards to do more with fewer people – but also provides decision makers with the data they need to be as effective as possible: traders with the information they need to maximize volumes and margins, shredder operators with the information they need to ensure they’re running at maximum capacity, and controllers with the information they need to better manage AR/AP and inflows/outflows of cash, etc. Everything comes together in one place so you have complete visibility and control.

Many companies in the industry are em-

ReMatter provides recyclers with insights into past transactions, real-time inventory data, and efficiency metrics.

bracing technology as another tool in their toolbox to maximize their business’s profitability. It is key that there is ongoing active collaboration between technology providers and recycling companies. Stagnant technology can stagnate business progress, so continuous improvement from technology companies is critical to not hold the industry back.

SF

WP

What potential disruptive innovations do you anticipate for the recycling industry, and how is ReMatter positioned to embrace these changes?

There are multiple dimensions of technological development that are going to affect the recycling industry. Two that we’re keeping a close eye on are digital technology and how new technologies will impact the material streams in the recycling industry.

Within the digital realm, the two biggest trends that will impact the recycling industry are the continued development and mod-

ernization of modern, cloud-based software systems that can help recycling companies optimize their operations, and the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) tools that can complement these software systems. In a high-velocity environment like a scrapyard, having software that is accessible from any device and super simple to use is critical to keep things moving while maintaining accurate data. While AI often overpromises, industry-specific AI applications like computer vision to assist with material identification or LLM-driven reporting – when developed by experts – have the potential to help transform workflows as well. We focus on bringing in top talent who stay at the forefront of technology and are also speaking with recyclers to ensure we can bring about these innovations in a way that is not just hype, but genuinely helpful.

The other dimension is within new technologies, such as EV batteries and rare earth magnets, that will add new material streams to the recycling industry. We are constantly speaking with recyclers who are developing new processes to handle these material streams or are looking for solutions to the challenges they pose to existing processes.

Building on top of ReMatter allows them to be agile, efficient, and successful in their approach to growth as the recycling landscape continues to evolve.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

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EQUIPMENT

Scrap software enables yards to do more with fewer people while maintaining operational effectiveness.

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SF

Artificial intelligence has been a big topic recently.

What role does AI play in scrapyard software, and what benefits and/ or challenges does it present from your perspective?

WP

While AI has many use cases, there is also a lot of hype around AI in areas where it may not necessarily add much value. We believe that industry-focused software tools are best positioned to add value through AI innovation because at this stage in the technological development of AI, it’s still best when used for specific tasks. Industry-specific data also provides the best training ground for the neural networks that power AI. When thinking about how AI may impact a scrapyard, it’s important to keep in mind the fundamental goals of the business and how technology can help achieve those goals.

Ensuring material is accurately graded and priced, giving traders accurate inventory information and pricing insights, helping dispatchers make the most of the available drivers and vehicles, speeding up purchasing at the scale, and giving business recommendations are all practical areas where AI has the potential to make recyclers more effective. Computer vision, large language models, voice-to-text, autonomous agents, and more flavours of AI can make all of these things a reality.

The important thing to remember is that AI is not perfect and that while it may be easy to produce AI tools that appear interesting, they may not actually stand up to the test, especially in a fast-paced operational environ-

recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

The software can be used effectively in the fast-paced environment of a scrapyard and can be accessed from any device.

ment like a scrapyard. It’s important to ask questions and ensure that the people pushing these tools are experts and can explain the value they can add to a business.

SF

How does software such as ReMatter enable yards to make data-driven decisions that positively impact their operations?

WP

The decisions that have the ability to affect the bottom line are those that help increase volume and increase margins, either through greater revenue or lower costs. As a result, the types of data that are the most useful and impactful for ReMatter users are those which help them be more effective buying material (insights on past transactions with particular suppliers, price trends per material), more effective selling material (insights on past transactions with particular customers,

real-time inventory data), more effective transporting material (freight costs, driver/ fleet efficiency metrics), and more effective managing inventory (acquisition costs, processing costs, inventory breakdowns by group and grade). While some data tends to be the most impactful universally, certain recyclers will have more benefit from filtering and slicing data in a way that is specific to their business. It’s our philosophy that collaborating with recyclers and providing flexibility in the analytics they prioritize the most is the key to generating the most value for recycling operations.

SF

WP

Looking ahead, what upcoming developments or trends in the industry are you most excited about?

Across the board, we’re seeing more and more industries push toward lower emissions, which ultimately should benefit the recycling industry. The most visible that we’re interested in tracking is the move toward electric vehicles. As an example, Redwood Materials recently announced that they were expanding their supply agreement with Toyota for battery production.

On the other side of the equation, with end-of-life batteries, recyclers will have an opportunity to choose how they want to handle these materials. Batteries pose both process and safety challenges for recyclers, and we’re seeing the industry begin to consider approaches from aggregating and shipping to processing in different ways on their own. Across the board, cataloging the different types of batteries, how they can be made safe for storage and/or processing, and what the expected recovery would be is really important.

The other area that we’re closely monitoring – though not necessarily excited about – is the macroeconomic situation with interest rates and the corresponding impact on things like inflation, employment, commodities pricing, and overall economic activity.

There’s been a lot of cheap money in the past few years that led to things like acquisitions and continued investment, but also led to outsized inflation. Changes in monetary policy impact recyclers directly. Because we view ourselves not just as technology providers but true partners to our customers, we’re staying on top of these trends and their impacts closely to understand the ways that we can help our customers and the industry. RPN

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OPERATIONS

EMTERRA ACCELERATES GREEN FLEET VISION WITH ELECTRIC WHEEL LOADERS TWO VOLVO CE L25 ELECTRIC WHEEL LOADERS ARE PART OF METRO VANCOUVER SITE’S 90 PERCENT ELECTRIC FLEET

BY SLONE FOX, EDITOR

E

mterra Group, one of the largest resource management companies in Canada, has consistently been at the forefront of green fleet technology integration. From the early adoption of compressed natural gas collection trucks to the recent purchase of one of Canada’s first Mack LR Electric trucks, Emterra has taken the next step toward its environmental goals with the purchase of two Volvo CE L25 Electric compact wheel loaders.

The machines, currently operating at the Metro Vancouver Central Surrey Recycling and Waste Centre (RWC) in Surrey, British Columbia, play a key role in the handling of waste and loading of trucks.

The recycling and waste centre, owned by Metro Vancouver and operated and maintained by Emterra, offers a disposal solution for materials beyond what is currently accepted in Surrey’s curbside collection program, including mattresses, electronics, and furniture. The $40-million facility – which contributes to a 64 percent diversion rate in Metro Vancouver – is designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and divert waste by increasing access to recycling and reducing travel distances for residents. The site’s equipment is 90 percent electric, including an electric forklift and a hybrid excavator in addition to the new wheel loaders.

ELECTRIC EFFICIENCY

The decision to purchase the Volvo L25 Electric wheel loaders was driven by the need for a robust loader capable of managing a weekly influx of 60 metric tons of waste while also adhering to sustainable practices. Emterra decided to invest in two machines to accommodate charging schedules and future changes to operations and workflows at the facility.

“We initially chose two of them rather than just one because the site will eventually start doing night shifts,” says George Gelden-

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It feels like they have more power than their diesel counterparts. It was a little bit interesting for the operators to switch over to them because these electric ones, they stop and go a little bit differently.

They’re a little bit faster to pull off.

George Geldenhuys Fleet Maintenance Manager, Emterra huys, fleet maintenance manager for Emterra. “We needed to be able to swap them out and have them charge because we really didn’t know how these electric units were going to hold up in our setting, or how long they were going to need to charge. They last around five hours in our application, and with the fast charger we can pretty much charge them over a lunch period.”

According to the Emterra team, the advantages of electric wheel loaders are substantial. Beyond their eco-friendly credentials, they provide a quieter work environment due to their reduced noise and allow for operation in enclosed spaces.

“It feels like they have more power than their diesel counterparts. It was a little bit interesting for the operators to switch over to them because these electric ones, they stop and go a little bit differently. They’re a little bit faster to pull off,” says Geldenhuys. “They’re actually way better, and there has been

way less servicing. We don’t have radiators and everything to clean every day. It pretty much just takes some grease and keeps going.”

Equipped with Volvo scrap buckets and solid tires, the electric loaders are highly effective in managing waste and recyclables while still aligning with Emterra’s larger objective of transforming the Surrey RWC into a fully carbon-neutral facility. The electric loaders’ quieter operation also allow operators to be more aware of their surroundings by improving their ability to hear and see everything happening in the work environment, thus improving overall safety.

MOVING TOWARD 100 PERCENT ELECTRIC

The loaders are expected to save approximately $45,000 annually in fuel expenses.

Emterra’s adoption of electric wheel loaders offers a promising glimpse into a more environmentally friendly future for the industry as they continue to explore and integrate green technologies.

“It’s very important that we have the know-how, that we collect the data, we study the data, and we compare between conventional equipment and electric equipment,” says Chris Ghanem, head of operations at Emterra Group.

Emterra continues to focus on transitioning to electric equipment with an upcoming trial run of Volvo CE’s full-size electric excavator, the EC230 Electric, early next year. RPN

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JOIN US IN TAMPA NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

39

TECHNOLOGY

HOW AI COULD CHANGE THE WAY WE THINK ABOUT RECYCLING NEW STUDY ANALYZES THE COMPOSITION OF POLYPROPYLENE IN RECYCLING STREAMS

B

ehind the walls of recycling facilities across the U.S., a sea of materials moves through hands and machines working hard to get them to the end of the line – and the beginning of their next life.

A critical balance of manual labour and automation enables the sorting and recovery of these materials in a closed-loop system. Yet despite a multi-step sortation process, it’s difficult to track what flows through the system at all times. It’s a challenge that results in many recycled materials losing potential value, in addition to millions of dollars worth of valuable material being sent to landfills unintentionally.

Among the diverse materials flowing through the recycling system are the fountain beverage cups, yogurt containers, and iced coffee cups that many of us use on a regular basis. These are just a few examples of products made up of one of the most commonly used resins in food service packaging today: polypropylene (PP). PP is a valuable material that should be kept in circulation to reduce waste and meet corporate commitments to use more recycled content in food service packaging. With that said, very little mechanically recycled food-grade PP actually cycles back into food-grade applications. Most ends up in nonfood-grade applications that limits its value and the number of times it can be reused. To create a more circular path for food-grade PP, we must first answer this question: What is in the PP stream today, and how much of it is food-grade or clear food-grade PP?

COLLABORATION IS KEY

The NextGen Consortium is a multi-year industry collaboration addressing single-use food service packaging waste by advancing solutions across material innovation, reuse, and recovery infrastructure – and it’s working to answer that question. In the fall of 2022, the Consortium partnered with Resource Recycling Systems to examine PP bales in two materials recovery facilities to learn what was inside. While only a snapshot in time, the results were enlightening.

On average, nearly half of the PP bales (48 percent) were presumed food grade, and more than a quarter of the bales were clear food grade (26 percent). Clear beverage cups represented 14

40 recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

Ensuring that recovery infrastructure can keep pace with a rapidly growing and diverse material stream is critical to advancing the circular economy, alongside solutions such as material innovation, reduction, and reuse.

Kate Daly Managing Director, Closed Loop Partners percent of the bale on average. The high percentage of food-grade PP suggested that there is untapped value in the PP stream. A better system is required to ensure food-grade and/or clear foodgrade PP is properly sorted into a separate bale at some point in the value chain if we are to retain its highest potential value.

This year, the NextGen Consortium is launching a study that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the composition of the PP material stream well before it ends up in a bale. Together with its managing partner, Closed Loop Partners’ Center for the Circular Economy, the NextGen Consortium is working with Greyparrot, an AI waste analytics platform for the circular economy.

The collaboration aims to track and categorize objects in the PP stream and determine the volume of valuable foodgrade material passing through the system. AI is on the rise as one potential means of increasing visibility into the recycling

able visibility into recycling streams,” says Ambarish Mitra, co-founder and CPO of Greyparrot. “This helps us improve recycling operations by placing waste intelligence into the hands of the people who are recovering, redesigning, and remanufacturing the objects we throw away. We are thrilled to work with our U.S. partners toward our vision of a future where every piece of waste is valued as a resource.”

The collaborative project – a first of its kind in North America – will run for more than six months. During that period, it will gather data on the composition of PP bales over time while accounting for seasonality. That insight can help determine the potential untapped value in these streams and will identify other materials that might be coming through unintentionally.

This data can also help shed light on the presumed volume of food-grade material that is captured in the system, along with opportunities for recovery and separation into distinct value chains. More broadly, this can advance a circular economy for valuable materials, improve material quality delivered to recycling facilities, and enhance the value of recyclable commodities shipped to U.S. end markets.

“A lot is unknown about the curbside polypropylene stream today. Filling these knowledge gaps can increase the pace of development for material recovery. Understanding the composition of the stream in a large-scale study highlights potential, reduces risk for pioneers, and accelerates better design implementation.

This study will be the catalyst to developing much larger-scale recycling of polypropylene,” says Curt Cozart, president of Common Sense Solutions and technical advisor to the project.

Greyparrot is an AI waste analytics platform for the circular economy.

process. Today, more technologies are needed to handle an increasingly mixed stream of collected materials, including plastics, electronics, textiles, and food scraps – and to enable the recovery of clean, high-quality materials.

“Ensuring that recovery infrastructure can keep pace with a rapidly growing and diverse material stream is critical to advancing the circular economy, alongside solutions such as material innovation, reduction, and reuse,” says Kate Daly, managing director and head of the Center for the Circular Economy at Closed Loop Partners. “An important part of our work in the NextGen Consortium is identifying opportunities for data collection and analysis that can advance the circularity of food service packaging and drive greater value for stakeholders across the system, including brands, innovators, infrastructure operators, and consumers.”

MACHINE LEARNING IMPROVES CLASSIFICATION

As part of this project, the Greyparrot Analyser units will be installed above the PP recovery conveyor belts at four leading U.S. MRFs: Balcones Recycling, TX; Cougles Recycling, PA; Rumpke Recycling, OH; and Eureka Recycling, MN. Greyparrot’s AI-powered computer vision system uses cameras to capture images of objects in the PP stream, aiming to quantify and qualify the materials flowing through the MRFs. This AI model will categorize each object based on material, format, financial value, and brand, as well as distinguish food- and nonfood-grade material using those images. Its units will then send that data to an analytics dashboard in real time. Through machine learning, the flexible vision systems can help improve package recognition and classification over time.

“We use artificial intelligence to gain continuous and reli-

A FOCUS ON POLYPROPYLENE RECOVERY

PP cup recovery – alongside material innovation, reuse, and fibre cup recovery – is a critical focus for the NextGen Consortium.

According to The Recycling Partnership, more than 2 billion pounds of PP are generated every year by single-family households in the U.S. If just 30 percent of this material were recovered, it would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by over 300,000 metric tons, providing over 600 million pounds of valuable raw material to companies with recycled content commitments for their food service packaging, both voluntary and mandated.

The NextGen Consortium has been actively involved in PP recovery since 2021 when it joined The Recycling Partnership’s Polypropylene Recycling Coalition as a Steering Committee member.

Through this initiative, the group helps to fund equipment grants for MRFs so that they can effectively capture PP packaging and improve community recycling access rates. In addition to improving recycling access, the NextGen Consortium is committed to driving recycling rates by supporting the recovery of post-consumer recycled content that can be re-incorporated into packaging.

This collaboration with Greyparrot and MRFs across the U.S. is a step toward achieving the NextGen Consortium’s goals. As more data about the PP material stream is captured over the coming months, the Consortium will analyze the new data, identifying opportunities to improve PP sortation and recovery into higher value, new food-grade applications, and areas where more research is needed.

THE NEXTGEN CONSORTIUM is a multi-year consortium that addresses single-use food packaging waste globally. The NextGen Consortium is managed by Closed Loop Partners’ Center for the Circular Economy. The Center for the Circular Economy unites competitors to tackle complex material challenges and to implement systemic change that advances the circular economy.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 | recyclingproductnews.com

41

COMMODITY FOCUS

RECOVERED PAPER MARKETS IN ASIA WHILE THE U.S. AND EUROPE ARE EXPERIENCING A BOXBOARD RECESSION, ASIA’S STORY IS ENTIRELY DIFFERENT.

BY HUBAN KASIMI

I

ndia may be the largest importer of recovered paper from the U.S., but countries like Thailand and Indonesia are catching up quickly.

On the other hand, U.S. exports to China – which used to be the largest importer of U.S. recovered paper until a few years ago – have dwindled due to high tariffs and a change in the grade purity required by China. However, countries like Thailand and Indonesia have stepped up their exports after further processing of the grades imported from the U.S. to meet China’s requirements.

Even though there are concerns about a boxboard recession, recycled fibre demand, albeit soft, isn’t likely to weaken any time soon. Mills around the world have been upgrading and expanding, which means the industry will likely recover after mid-2024.

Between January and September 2023, Thailand, Indonesia, and China imported nearly 8.6 million mt of recovered paper.

Tonnages are 33 percent higher against 6.44 percent annually, leaving the Americas behind by a significant volume.

A breakdown of the data from each country’s Customs reveals a rising demand for recycled fibre across the conti-

42

recyclingproductnews.com | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023

nent. Let’s look at some of the top contenders during the nine months under review.

THAILAND

Recovered paper shipments into Thailand increased by 60 percent between January and September to 2.71 million mt compared with 1.7 million mt during the year-ago timeframe. The country also bought 48 percent more in September at 283,932 mt against 191,295 mt in the same month of 2022. Sequential volumes dipped by 6 percent from 301,805 mt. However, experts believe that the monthly decline may not indicate weak demand, but a fallout of supply shortages from suppliers’ mills.

The U.S. was the top seller of recovered paper to Thailand in the first nine months of the year. Annual shipments climbed by 81 percent to 1.89 million mt compared with 1.04 million mt from January to September, and 31 percent to 198,240 mt against 151,255 mt in September. Monthly volumes in September fell by 5 percent from 207,900 in August.

INDONESIA

The country imported 2.36 million mt of recovered paper between January and August and 309,893 mt in August. These figures translate to a 9 percent annual incline against 2.16 million mt during the first eight months under review and a 29 percent climb from 239,483 mt in August 2022.

Shipments from the U.S. were 21 percent lower between January and August at 257,530 mt compared with 326,449 mt in the prior-year period. On the other hand, tonnages picked up considerably in August. The U.S. emerged as Indonesia’s top seller during the month under review with 50,973 mt. This shows a 22 percent annual rise against 41,785 mt and 38 percent higher than 36,903 mt sequentially.

In the U.S., Los Angeles has been the busiest port for recovered paper exports to Asia since most of the shipments to the Far East take place from the U.S. West Coast. Recovered paper trade peaked in early September when Davis Index prices of Baled #11 Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) were up $12/nt to $151/

nt for Los Angeles. Scale trade collectors also bring in more export-grade recycled fibre which makes the port city a preferred location for Asian buyers from Thailand and Indonesia.

CHINA

Total recovered paper imports by China rose by 48 percent in the first nine months of 2023 to 3.6 million mt from 2.44 million mt annually. In September, the country’s volumes stood at 430,649 mt, soaring 59 percent against 271,166 mt annually and were 13 percent higher than 382,656 mt imported in August China was the U.S.’ most significant buyer of recovered paper, especially corrugated grades, in 2022, according to market participants. In 2023, volumes dwindled by 29 percent to 181,220 mt between January and September compared with 256,083 mt in the same nine months of 2022. The decline has became more apparent in September as volumes slid by 91 percent to 3,139 mt from 36,029 mt in the year-ago month and dipped by 17 percent from 3,767 mt in August Interestingly, China has raised its annual material shipments considerably from Thailand. Tonnages have soared by 116 percent between January and September to 1.9 million mt compared with 878,028 mt in the prior-year timeframe. It is also significant that Thailand’s total imports during the period were 2.7 million mt, which means the country ships out almost 42 percent of its imported pulp to China, which has continued to raise its buying from the Far East.

In fact, Thailand, Malaysia, and Hong Kong were the top exporters to China in the first nine months. Malaysia exported 66 percent more during the period under review at 709,278 mt from 426,126 mt. In September, China imported 102,629 mt from Malaysia. These volumes more than doubled against 35,105 annually and rose by 22 percent compared with 83,979 mt monthly.

When considering recycled fibre imports into the U.S., China has also sold 58 percent fewer tonnages between January and September. Volumes trickled down to 7,243 mt compared with 17,440 mt, and in September China didn’t feature among the larger sellers.

There have been several theories about why recovered paper trade between China and the U.S. has trailed off. However, the Asian giant is far from procuring material. Demand hasn’t softened and is most likely to strengthen in the near term.

EXPORTS

Asian recycled fibre mills have also been buying extensively from Europe as well. In the first nine months, Thailand imported 45,868 mt from the European Union, 643 percent higher than 6,176 mt annually. Shipments to Malaysia from the EU climbed 254 percent at 54,051 mt compared with 15,282 mt, and tonnages to Indonesia were up 101 percent at 104,434 mt against 52,102 mt during the same timeframe.

Market participants also cited that the recovered paper industry has evolved over the decades. Even though there are concerns about a boxboard recession, recycled fibre demand, albeit soft, isn’t likely to weaken any time soon. Mills around the world have been upgrading and expanding, which means the industry will likely recover after mid-2024.

HUBAN KASIMI is the recycled materials editor at Davis Index and can be reached at huban.kasimi@davisindex. com.

The world's only price publication dedicated to scrap and recycled materials markets. www.davisindex.com

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