Farmer Rancher Feb 18, 2016

Scott Moe, MLA

Randy Weekes, MLA

Rosthern/Shellbrook Constituency

Herb Cox, MLA

The Battlefords Constituency

Biggar Constituency

Box 115, Shellbrook, SK S0J 2E0 Toll Free: 1-855-793-3422 Fax: 306-747-3472 scottmoe.mla@sasktel.net www.scott-moe.com

Box 1413, Biggar, SK S0K 0M0 Toll Free: 1-877-948-4880 Fax: 306-948-4882 randyweekes.mla@accesscomm.ca www.randyweekes.ca

Larry Doke, MLA

Cut Knife/Turtleford Constituency

1991 - 100th St., North Battleford, SK S9A 0X2 Phone: 306-445-5195 Fax: 306-445-5196 herbcox@sasktel.net www.herbcox.ca

#6 - 116 - 1st Ave. West, Maidstone, SK P.O. Box 850, S0M 1M0 Phone: 306-893-2619 Fax: 306-893-2660 larrydoke@sasktel.net www.larrydoke.ca

armer ancher Serving the producers of Northwest Saskatchewan

Thursday, February 18, 2016, North Battleford, Saskatchewan

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Canadian Beef Industry Award for Outstanding Research and Innovation

Dr. John McKinnon named inaugural recipient Staff

A researcher respected nationally and internationally as a leading expert on beef cattle nutrition and management has been awarded the 2015 Canadian Beef Industry Award for Outstanding Research and Innovation.

Presented at the Saskatchewan Beef Industry Conference among many past and present colleagues and students, Dr. John McKinnon said he was surprised and honored by the announcement.

McKinnon is a researcher, professor and the Sask-

atchewan Beef Industry Research chair at the University of Saskatchewan. He has made contributions to advancements in the competitiveness and sustainability of the Canadian beef industry through his longterm passion and dedication to progressive science, and exceptional collaboration, leadership and communication with industry, a press release states.

His research focuses on nutritional and environmental factors influencing the growth and carcass quality of feeder cattle and the nu-

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trition of the breeding herd.

Areas of emphasis within McKinnon’s research program have included the use of wet distiller’s by-products for feedlot cattle, nutritional evaluation of grain screenings for growing cattle, use of real-time ultrasound for predicting carcass quality of breeding and finishing cattle, the impact of the environment on performance of cattle in western Canada and the use of high lipid feeds for growing and finishing.

McKinnon takes a whole systems approach to beef production and his leader-

ship in collaboration and cross-discipline research has been extremely beneficial to improving the competitive advantage of Canadian beef producers, the release adds.

In addition to the vast list of scientific publications he has authored, McKinnon is a leader in research extension.

He writes countless articles, including as a regular contributor to Canadian Cattlemen – The Beef Magazine, one of the leading publications for Canadian beef producers. He has also been instrumental in the development and co-ordination of

industry extension events to ensure innovative research findings are communicated directly to producers and cattle feeders, including the Saskatchewan Beef and Forage Symposium, the Western Canadian Feedlot Management School and the Western Nutrition Conference.

McKinnon is a soughtafter speaker at producer meetings and industry events where he skillfully shares his knowledge, research findings, and opinions on pertinent industry issues. He is an effective communicator not only at highly technical

scientific forums, but also in communicating research findings in a practical and applicable manner to cattle producers and industry stakeholders.

In addition, McKinnon works directly and one-onone with numerous cow-calf producers, feedlot operators, veterinarians and feed industry personnel on their feeding and management programs. He willingly gives his time and expertise and is seen by the industry as approachable and available to share his knowledge.

Continued on Page 3

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Page 3 - The Battlefords, Thursday, February 18, 2016

Regional Optimist

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Three more inductees into Ag Hall of Fame Staff

ucts including pork, pulse crops and flax.

As executive director of Sask Flax from 1997 to 2014, she participated in the development and approval from Health Canada of a health claim for flax seed and she worked to build the foundation for the use of flax fibre. She also helped lead the industry in efforts to remove the genetically modified variety CDC Triffid from the Canadian flax supply.

Braun was one of the founders of the CropSphere conference.

Robin Morrall is recognized nationally and internationally for his work on plant diseases. His pioneer-

Linda Braun, Robin Morall and Pat Beaujot will be inducted into the Saskatchewan Agricultural Hall of Fame later this year.

The announcement was made earlier this year at the CropSphere conference in Saskatoon. Three other inductees were announced in November at Canadian Western Agribition in Regina.

Linda Braun has worked in the agricultural food industry for almost 40 years.

A graduate from the College of Home Economics at the University of Saskatchewan, Braun has worked to promote and advance many Saskatchewan food prod-

ing research has served as a foundation for controlling sclerotinia stem rot in canola and ascochyta blight in lentils, chickpeas and field peas in Western Canada.

Morrall was a professor of plant pathology in the Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan from 1965 to 1997. After that, he continued to provide expertise on disease diagnosis and management as an emeritus professor and as an expert on seedborne diseases for Discovery Seed Labs of Saskatoon.

Throughout his career, he has worked closely with farmers with much of his research in farmers’ fields.

Pat Beaujot is a pioneer

Dr. John McKinnon award his career at the University of Saskatchewan.

“The value of Dr. McKinnon’s work on the Canadian beef industry is remarkable,” said Tim Oleksyn, a cow-calf producer from Shellbrook and chair of the Beef Cattle Research Council.

“He is dedicated to keeping a practical focus in his research initiatives and has always maintained the need for real-world application within the beef cattle industry.”

The Canadian Beef Industry Award for Outstanding Research and Innovation is presented annually by the BCRC on behalf of Canada’s beef industry stakeholders.

The award recognizes scientists and academics who are actively involved in strong research programs aligned with industry priorities,

Continued from Front As a professor at the University of Saskatchewan, McKinnon has mentored numerous students and researchers throughout his career. He has supervised or co-supervised more than 35 MSc and PhD students to program completion and supervised numerous postdoctoral researchers. Many of these individuals have gone on to have considerable impact in the beef industry and the research community.

McKinnon continues to provide leadership for the future of the beef cattle industry through his ongoing efforts in the development of the Beef Cattle Research and Teaching Unit. This infrastructure will be an asset in maintaining the competitiveness of the Canadian beef industry well beyond

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continually engage with industry stakeholders and demonstrate their passion and long-term commitment through leadership, teamwork, and mentorship.

Nominations are accepted by the BCRC from industry stakeholders and must be accompanied by letters of support from industry stakeholders and scientific colleagues. The recipient is selected by a committee comprised of beef producers, industry experts and retired beef-related researchers located across the country. The award was established in 2015.

Nominations for the 2016 award are now being accepted and must be submitted to the BCRC by May 1. Remaining 2015 nominations will also be considered for the 2016 award, which will be presented at the Canadian Beef Industry Conference in August 2016.

of direct seeding equipment.

Beaujot and his brother developed an independent hydraulic pressure opener and seeded their first crop with it in 1992. With the success of the opener, Beaujot quit his job at Simplot to focus on a new manufacturing business called Seed Hawk. By the late 90s, Seed Hawk was employing up to 30 people from the local area. Employee numbers grew to 250 as large, high-capacity carts with independent depth control openers became the industry standard. Seed Hawk continued to innovate developing sectional control to avoid costly overlap.

In 2014, Seed Hawk was sold to Vaderstad of Europe, but the manufacturing plant remains at Langbank and Pat continues to look for ways to improve farming practices.

Braun, Morrall and Beaujot will join respected

veterinarian Byrnne Rothwell (deceased), hog industry advocate Florian Possberg and Agribition founder Barry Andrew (deceased) as the inductees for 2016.

The induction ceremony will take place Aug. 6 at

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The Battlefords, Thursday, February 18, 2016 - Page 4

Reverting 68 years in the sock department A little sprinkle of snow, a little touch of cold weather down to 18 below. Not bad so far. I personally, in my 70 years on this Earth, don’t remember a winter that has been so mild for so long. We have had the January thaw before that used to wreck the Waseca Curling Bonspiel when we had a curling rink, but it usually returned to a normal winter.

I am not complaining; I am enjoying the mild weather.

Bring on more weather like this. I don’t care if it’s global warming or climate change. I am just going to enjoy the weather that is here and now. This is Saskatchewan – we could have a rip-roaring blizzard tomorrow for all we know.

On a personal note, with this diabetes that I have, it is doing things to my body I don’t like. I was retaining fluid in my legs. I began to get water blisters on my shins. Most ugly and very unwanted. I put aloe vera gel on them and that helped. My doctor sent me to home care so for four weeks I went to home care every Tuesday and Friday to have my legs wrapped. At first I was dubious that it would

ic’s

View

By Victor Hult

Regular contributor to newsoptimist.ca help. Soon I had ankles again and the blisters were gone.

Bonus.

Then home care told me that was the end. I would have to get a pair of compression stockings. Now that became a real learning experience. I had a pair before and they were terrible. The nurses at home care recommended Jody from Sprucewood Pharmacy. I learned there were different kinds of compression stockings. I got measured and got a pair

Published periodically by Supplement

armer ancher PUBLISHING to BATTLEFORDS LTD. tchewan Serving the producers of Northwest Saska Saskatchewan

dings 104th Street, up in stan T moves NW892ies Thursday, November 26, 2015,

North Battleford,

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SEED SELLING BUSINESS? Publisher: Alana Schweitzer success. First, the in agriculture costs may continued of the rail siding have slowed some expan- expansion access to both provide Freelance Reporter sion, but it hasn’t seemed to to CP’s rail networks our companies as the CN’s and UNITY - Last month hinder to both CN’s and of our list once again — access provides the comSaskBusiness released its bulk under the agriculture CP’s lines 2015 list of Saskatchewan’s falls pany with additional shipcategory.” top companies. opportunities, which Later on, Smith says, ping farmers. SecAs in previous years, local t our Top 100 benefits North West Terminal, head- “Throughou the recent upgrade to we see industry lead- ond, quartered in Unity, was on list bio-products plant to defying the atmosphere the that list. In fact, this year, for ers for the production of market trends. Weyburn allow of alcohol is the first time since Crown and grades and North West higher corporations were added Terminal both saw major expected to give the comto the list, NWT moved up Terminal in sales this year, pany access to higher-value into the top 50, settling into increasesNykolaishen Farm industrial markets.”

Brad president slot number 49, up from last while NWT Equipment is also up.” year’s 52. agreed, saying “The Closer to home, North Sperle The article by Cassi to the company’s Terminal CEO Ja- expansion Smith even made special West infrastructure and the son Skinner said, “We are rail bio-products the to mention of NWT. to continue seeing upgrades expected to con“Despite soaring farm- pleased — and its wholly facility are land prices — a trend that NWT subsidiary NWB tribute to the continued suchas continued for almost a owned of the company.” Sperle recognized as a top per- cess out, “It is imdecade — the agriculture in- — company in Sask- also pointed dustry continues to be well forming especially as a portant to note that the rankboth NWT and represented in our Top 100. atchewan, owned company ser- ing is for Millsap Fuel Distributors, locally NWB as NWB is a wholly local farmers.”

North West Terminal and vicing subsidiary.” owned Although some of the toBourgault Industries — to Another top 100 agriculshipping and revenue figcompany with name a few — all saw in- tal for 2014 resulted from ture-related creases this year. The spike ures Unity connection, JayDee the backlog of grain created a Ltd., also moved from the railway perfor- AgTech standings. JayDee Unity-based North West in the up on winters 49 two of number is issues mance Terminal from number 28 to ago, Skinner pointed out two went the 2015 list of Saskatche25. The company projects completed over the number 229 people in Saskwan’s top 100 companies. past year “are expected to employs Photo by Helena Long contribute to the company’s atchewan.

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that would fit me. She showed us how to put them on.

What a difference. They are comfortable to wear. There is cotton in them so they are just like a pair of socks. There are two downsides to this story. They cost $100 a pair. Never in my wildest dreams would I ever think of paying $100 for a pair of socks!

The other down is my feet have become too far away from my hands, or my arms have shrunk. Now I am totally dependent on my wife to put them on and take them off. I have put my own socks on for the last 68 years. So this is where we are at. I will have to be sure I treat her right.

Down on the farm my man Jaco from South Africa has just about got my F350 7.3L environmental polluter back together. It was leaving a trail of fluid on the road before.

He had the heads off and replaced all the injector sleeves on the passenger side of the motor. We think this could be the cause of the problem. The o-rings on the injectors were in bad shape too. There was a slight accident putting the head back on and a new head gasket got wrecked. Another new one is supposed to be in Saturday morning. Hopefully the truck will soon be on the road again.

The trial for Jian Ghomeshi is over. He was charged with sexual assault for hitting some girls and choking them.

He claims it was consensual rough sex. This happened back in 2003. I have to scratch my head and ask why now?

The defence had evidence these three women had over 1,000 cellphone calls between each other. This reeks of collusion. They also had love letters written to him after this rough sex happened, wanting to date him some more.

The whole thing is bizarre.

Nevertheless, Ghomeshi has been tried and convicted in the media. He has been fired from his job at CBC Radio and has been ordered to stay with his mother until the judge renders his decision at the end of March. His life has been destroyed by three women scorned and an ambitious Crown prosecutor.

What a misuse of the court system. Will this guy get off? I doubt it; I have no faith in the justice system. I think his mother should have told him not to hit girls. I think he is screwed.

The Liberals and Justin Trudeau have had a hundred days in office running the government. What has he done?

Well, thousands of photo ops.

He has no concern for the environment as he has taken the government plane all over the world burning thousands of gallons of fuel. Maybe his plane doesn’t emit carbon dioxide. He has sent millions of dollars to other counties.

He has got about half the 25,000 refugees to Canada he promised.

He has got the inquiry for missing and murdered aboriginal women going. That will amount to air time and photo ops for a bunch of lawyers and much crying from older aboriginal women. It will not find one killer.

He has stated he will recall the six fighter jets but now we will have ground troops.

Has he done any good yet? No, this is much to do about nothing but he has nice hair. Enough said.

Joke of the week from Garry Taylor. This guy goes to a psychiatrist and says, “Doc, you have to help me. I can’t stop eating the wife’s houseplants and I always feel like bunting the doors and furniture. I just feel like I am a goat.” “How long have you felt like this,” asked the doctor?

“Well,” the guy said, “Ever since I was a kid.” Baaaad joke, baaaad joke!

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Page 5 - The Battlefords, Thursday, February 18, 2016

Regional Optimist

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When to supplement extra energy in rations Throughout the lifetime of an animal, there will be certain stages in their life and their production cycles where energy demands and requirements will be higher.

Let’s review some examples.

In the beef cow production cycle, the 30 days prior to calving and the 70 days following calving are referred to as the critical period – or the “100-day contract.” The nutritional needs for the cow during the critical period are about equal to her needs for the remainder of the year.

During this critical period, or 100-day contract, the cow is on a rising plane of nutrition. The 70 days after calving is a time of great demand on the cow. She must produce milk, repair her reproductive tract, begin cycling and re-breed. Cows that are energy or protein deficient during this period will be less likely to begin cycling and to conceive early. Nutritional shortfalls during this critical time can have economic consequences that are evident in the next calf crop and beyond.

Pregnant heifers are young growing animals and tend not to effectively compete with mature cows for feed. These heifers require good quality hay and extra grain to meet their energy requirements and needs for

growth and development.

They are gaining body weight in addition to developing and supporting a first pregnancy. It is important to monitor body condition as calving approaches. Underfed heifers will be weak at calving while overly fat heifers will experience increased calving difficulties.

Once that new calf is on the ground it’s important to continue monitoring and conditioning the new mother. Lactation is stressful.

Proper nutrition is a must.

The heifer’s nutrient requirements are greater than ever. She is putting energy and protein into maintaining her body, nursing a calf, recovering from calving, cycling, rebreeding and she’s not finished growing yet. If nutrition at lactation is not adequate, she may fail to show heat and rebreed on schedule, or at all.

During extreme cold or windy weather, cows should be given all the hay they’ll clean up – the better the quality, the better the digestion process and the more energy they’ll get. The rate of digestion increases and the time available for digestion decreases. Therefore, more readily digestible feeds such as barley or oats or a very high quality forage are often required. Poor quality limits consumption, and

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Regional Livestock Specialist Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture poor quality forage alone is not adequate during cold weather. In general, for every 10 degree drop in temperature below - 20 C (at mid-day), beef cows require an extra three to four pounds of barley or oats. Adding more straw or low quality forage will not meet their higher energy needs.

Top performing bulls will be busy and lose weight during the breeding season so they need to be in adequate condition before breeding begins. During the pre-breeding period, bulls should be physically and nutritionally prepared for the work ahead of them. It will be a time where extra protein and energy in the ration are a must. Also remember young bulls are still growing and may need extra feed during the breeding season to meet their nutrient requirements.

Young animals in backgrounding and finishing

programs have higher energy requirements than older, mature stock. Energy provided in a step up program in backgrounding and finishing diets must increase at each step up stage. For example, calves entering the lot at 450-500 pounds will be put on a starter ration providing 67.5 per cent total digestible nutrients (TDN) energy. As they move from ration to ration through the step up program, energy in the diet increases from the initial 67.5 per cent all the way up to 80 per cent in the final finishing ration of the step up program.

A mature horse requires 2.5 – 3 per cent of their body weight as dry matter feed. If hay is 85 per cent dry matter and a horse is 1,000 pounds, 30-35 pounds of that par-

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They noticed an increase in the immune system, energy enhancer and a mood booster.

Eating Karen Phytoplankton is in the exact same category as eating kale, spinach an broccoli and is just as safe as buying vegetables in the grocery store or safer with no pesticides.

Phytoplankton is a whole food with all the food groups. If you are in the pharmaceuticals such as Plavix or Warfarin and have been told to stay off greens you shouldn’t eat phytoplankton.

So many Canadians suffer from digestive issues, inflammation, migraine headaches, chronic pain, low energy, skin issues and more this.

The major cause of chronic disease is lack of vitamins and minerals or malnutrition. Karen Marine Phytoplankton’s existence is a miracle unto itself. It becomes the first form of nutrition when the rays of the sun penetrate the surface of the ocean.

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level of Super Oxide Dismutase in it. This molecule is considered by many as the king of the antioxidants and the “molecule of life”. What this means is that when free radical cells form inside the body they age the body and over time issues with age come with it.

When Super Oxide Dismutase is absorbed into the body these free radicals are expelled. In return this leaves a higher amount of healthy cells that have been nourished with the other elements of the Phytoplankton. In return the aging process slows down.

Phytoplankton is an algae at the bottom of the food chain. This single organism or “micro algae” has lived on this planet much longer than humans. We can think of them as the basis of all the other life form on the planet as they are responsible for making up 90% of the earth’s oxygen while absorbing most of the carbon dioxide.

A study with the health department and education at the Utah University showed that those taking phytoplankton experienced health benefits within three months.

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This is quite remarkable when you consider the nutritional packed nutrients in each plankton cell.

Remember the size of a red blood cell. Phyto means “plant” and plankton means “wanderer or drifter.”

The majority of people who eat phytoplankton report life changing feelings of well being in a very short period of time, ranging from the same day to three weeks.

Karen Phytoplankton has been involved in tests where active ingredients have been discovered to work against skin conditions such as psoriases and eczema.

Phytoplankton has an optimal

digested.

Throughout the lifetime of an animal there will be certain stages in their life and production cycles where energy demands and requirements will be higher.

Animals in poor condition require extra energy. Young stock has higher energy requirements versus their older, mature counterparts.

Female livestock in the late stages of pregnancy, in lactation and prior to breeding have higher energy requirements than females in the early stages of gestation.

Athletic livestock or those with heavy workloads have higher requirements than those in a maintenance position. During winter, cold weather means energy requirements will be higher and most likely need to be supplemented in livestock rations.

For more information on this or other livestock related topics, please contact Jenifer Heyden, Regional Livestock Specialist in North Battleford at 306-446-7961, call the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377 or visit our website, http:// www.saskatchewan.ca/agriculture.

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ticular hay will be necessary to meet their dry matter requirement. Mature horses generally require eight per cent crude protein in their diet, regardless of activity level. Their requirement for energy however, increases as their workload increases.

Horses with higher energy requirements should be fed forage in the amount of 1.5 – 2 per cent of their body weight per day; grains or pellets are then used to increase the energy content of the diet and meet the remaining dry matter requirement.

Situations where higher energy diets would be necessary would include athletic horses, horses being used for work, mares in late pregnancy or lactation or horses that are thin or in poor condition.

Grain/pellets can also be used to supply energy and protein when poor quality hay is being fed.

When temperatures dip, the best heat source for a horse is extra hay. In the winter, feeding forage heats a horse from the inside out – grain does not have this same effect. Hay actually helps warm the horse because it releases heat as it is

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The Battlefords, Thursday, February 18, 2016 - Page 6

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Commentary

Research and innovation – key to the future

By Cam Dahl

President of Cereals Canada

One of the oldest clichés in agriculture might be that “research and innovation are the keys to our future.”

But just because it is a cliché does not mean it is not true.

The federal election is over and Canada has a new government. Three hundred thirty-eight Members of Parliament will soon be headed to Ottawa to represent their constituents. Agriculture lobby groups from every region will be asking them to support research.

But what kind of research should we be asking them to support?

Should it be all public?

How do producers’ checkoff investments build upon renewed private interest in variety development? How we answer these questions will determine if Canada is going to be a leader in innovation or if we are going to be left behind.

Let’s deal with the first

question. Canada has a strong history of public investment in research and development. Marquis wheat and the first canola are just two examples of revolutionary innovations that came from public research. The economic returns to the public and the country have been enormous.

But so have the returns to farmers, grain handlers, processors and everyone else involved in the value chain and we cannot expect the Canadian taxpayer to foot the whole bill for the next round of agriculturespecific innovation.

Furthermore, trying to go down this path would mean that private investment goes to our competitors, putting Canadian agriculture at a disadvantage. We need a combination of private, public and producer investment in order to remain competitive.

Continued public research is important, but this cannot be carried out in isolation. We need to do

a better job of coordinating this work with private and producer investments to ensue funding from each source is complimentary.

We will be worse off if tax dollars invested in research drives out private interest and investments are made in the U.S. or Australia instead of Canada. Funding sources should not be competing with each other.

There are some recent good examples of public – private – producer partnerships. The agreement between CANTERRA SEEDS, the Alberta Wheat Commission and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada is an example of how funders can work together to bring new innovation to farmers.

How can the country maximize the impact of public research dollars while encouraging private companies to invest in Canada? A key step on the path to success must be clear strategic objectives for cereals research. What

is Canada’s competitive advantage in the increasingly global cereals market?

We need researchers and funders – both public and private – to come together to answer this question.

The strategic vision for cereals research must consider the fact that there are two customers for innovation. Farmers must benefit from new varieties developed for Canadian growing conditions. If farmers don’t benefit, innovation will never make it to the field and investment will be lost. But farmers are not the only customer for innovation. Research and variety development must also take into account the needs of end use customers. What do customers want to buy from Canada? What are those unique quality characteristics from Canada that gain a premium from international millers?

These are critical questions that need to be answered by all parts of the value chain. If public

—­Photo by Louise Lundberg

research is isolated from private and producer investment, Canada will not become the world’s centre for cereals research. Neither public nor private research will successfully increase the value of Canadian cereals production if the needs of both farmers and end use customers are not considered. Success will come when the public and private research fits seamlessly with Canada’s market development efforts.

So what does this all mean for our newly elected federal politicians and

agriculture’s requests for research funding? It is not good enough to just tell elected officials “you need to fund research.” Instead we need to present a clear strategic research plan that demonstrates public investment complimenting private and producer dollars and how this will drive Canada to the forefront of innovation and development.

Instead of just saying “we need more money” we need to say “we have a plan, this is where governments fit and we need you to do your part.”

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Page 7 - The Battlefords, Thursday, February 18, 2016

Regional Optimist

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How do we start planning for farm succession?

This article will suggest ways to begin the succession planning process with family members. Generally, it is a good idea to include all members of the family in the planning process so there are no surprises or hard feelings.

What is the best way to involve the entire family in this process? Once the parents have determined what their retirement plans are and what they will actually need for their retirement, they should then bring in the rest of the family members.

If there is no money left for distribution to the farming children, then the process will be relatively simple.

The parents should meet with the farming children, explain the situation and determine if the farming children want to purchase the farm. The parents and the farming children can then discuss the terms of the transfer of property. If the farming children are not willing or able to purchase the farm, the parents list the property for sale and the succession plan ends.

But when a farm couple has sufficient wealth to distribute gifts and retain enough for a comfortable retirement, then the process becomes a bit more complex.

In this case, the parents should discuss with the farming children what the farming children’s personal and farming goals are. Next, the parents should meet with the non-farming children

orley Ayars P. Ag.

Farm Business Management Specialist Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture and solicit their input on division of the farming assets.

Once the parents have obtained everyone’s input, they can commence some serious planning. Frequently, there are more demands on the farm than what the farm can actually deliver.

There may be more than one child interested in farming or all the children may want a portion of the farm even if they do not plan on farming.

There is only one farm and often more than one child in the family.

There are questions to be considered. How important is it to keep the farm in tact?

Should the farming child or children receive a greater inheritance because of the inherent risk in farming?

The parents may decide to retain some land to pass on to the non-farming children and gift or sell some land to the farming children.

They may decide to gradually transfer the machinery to the farming children and when the farming children purchase new equipment, the parent’s equipment is used as the trade-in.

Then the parents may decide to maintain a share

of the new equipment or let it all go over to the farming children.

But if the parents give too much to the children who are farming, there is a risk of jealousy or resentment from the non-farming children. For example, if the farm is valued at $2 million dollars and the farming child receives the farm with no encumbrances while the non-farming children share in less than $500,000, there may be hard feelings over the perceived inequity of the situation. What is stopping the farming child from selling the farm three years after receiving it and pocketing the full amount while the non-farming children receive much less from their inheritance?

On the other hand, if the farming child has to purchase the entire farm from his or her parents, then that child is incurring all the risk. That child is essentially paying for the parent’s retirement and their siblings’ inheritance. There are cases where the farming child has not been able to keep up the payments and has actually lost the farm. The result is

—­Photo by Louise Lundberg

that all the siblings receive an inheritance but the farming child ends up with nothing.

So how does the farming couple determine what is actually fair? Unfortunately, there is no one answer because each situation is different. If the farming child or children have been farming with their parents for many years, they may have already received part of their inheritance by receiving use of the equipment. In other situations, the value of the parent’s farm may be largely due to the farming child’s efforts. So the parents need to consider all these facts

when making their decisions. The most unfair thing is to treat all the children the same when their situations and circumstances may be quite different.

The parents should also take in to account the time value of money while considering their decision. A gift given now is worth more than the same value of a gift given in the future.

Let’s say the parents paid for the non-farming children’s education a number of years ago. The amount spent on that education is worth more today. The proceeds from a life insurance policy given to the non-farming children

sometime in the future are worth less today.

In any event, whatever parents decide needs to be shared with the entire family. If any of the children object or think the plan is unfair, the parents will have an opportunity to explain the factors considered while making their decisions. Generally, children will understand and not hold it against siblings that may appear to be receiving more once they understand the reasoning and how the decision was made. Communication is vital and can elimination future difficult situations for the entire family.

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