WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

Study Area : Alapakkam Lake, Chennai Vanagaram main road

Mumbai Highway NH48

Chennai Bypass

Alapakkam main road

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Tamilnadu in India

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Arcot Road

Chennai in Tamilnadu

CONNECTIVITY - ROAD NETWORK Anna Industrial Estate

AGS Maduravoyal

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1 Maduravoyal in Chennai

Meenakshi Hospital

Porur Lake

LANDMARKS

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About the lake : The Alapakkam Lake, locally known as Kuyavan Eri, is located in between the River Coovum in the north and Alapakkam in the south. The lake once sprawled over 100 acres and which now is spread over just 10.4 acres. The depth of the lake is about 25 feet.

Owned by: Public Works Department - till 2020 Chennai Corporation - from 2021 Area : 10.4 acres

Activities observed : - Laundry - Fishing - Children playing

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In the western side of the shore, it is found that old building materials & solid wastes are dumped by the street vendors.

View of the lake from North bund.

View of the East bund.

MADHUMITHA G R | 113618251011 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE - ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

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Sewage and sullage water are being let into the lake through storm water drain from Netaji nagar flows into the waterbody directly without any filter.

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Launderer launders the clothes using the water from the lake.

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Encroachment in the form of thatched roof, tailed roof & shed

LAKEFRONT DEVELOPMENT

1990

> 0%

100% Always Water

Sometimes Water

Water Occurrence (1984 - 2020)

No change

Water Occurrence Change Intensity (1984-2020)

Increase

The map depicts the drastic decrease in the occurrence of water within the lake perimeter.

Monthly Water Recurrance Recurrance %

It is observed that most part of the lake water lacks in certain seasons. The central part of the lake between the Eastern and Western edge always contain water.

Decrease

2000

CONTOUR MAP

Month

Water History

1 Seasonal

Water Seasonality

2010

2021

11

12 Permanent

Majority of the lake water is seasonal.

Year Permanent water is found along the Eastern edge.

FLORA Lush green weeds are covering the water body. Most of them can be identified as an invasive species. Native species vanished away because of the same. The invasive plants are taking away water from the original plants. As a result, they dry up and die. The original habitat gets destroyed.

STUDY AREA DELINEATION

FAUNA : Different species of bird can be spotted on the little islands located inside the water body. The pied kingfisher and the little cormorant are two examples. The presence of the birds symbolizes that fish can be found inside the lake.

MADHUMITHA G R | 113618251011 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE - ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LAKEFRONT DEVELOPMENT

EAST EDGE

WEST EDGE

Primary Nodes Vehicular Layer SecondaryNodes Pedestrian Layer Path through hard boundaries Path through soft boundaries Potential paths being obstructed

L

L A N D U S E

Residential 48 %

A

Industrial 22 % Commercial 10 % Open space 9 % Institutional 6 % Civic 5 %

D

Industrial 40 %

N

U NODES & PATHS

S TRAFFIC PATTERN

E

Institutional 28 % Residential 20 % Commercial 10 % Civic 2 %

PATHS

NODES

Meenakshi Medical College & Hospital

SECTION

NORTH EDGE

TRAFFIC PATTERN

SECTION

L

A N

Residential 54 %

D U S E

Commercial 24 %

NODES & PATHS TRAFFIC PATTERN

Institutional 8 % Industrial 8 % Open space 6 %

SECTION MADHUMITHA G R | 113618251011 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE - ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LAKEFRONT DEVELOPMENT

FRAGMENTS STUDY Scheme 3

SITE PLAN

LAUNDRY BAY

Scheme 2

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2

4 Scheme 4

Reusing Grey Water: • The grey water passes through the Reed Bed where it is purified.

• The purified water is connected to the toilets for flushing purposes.

Outlet

Inlet

Typical Reed Bed

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Scheme 1

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Rain Water Harvesting: • The rain water is collected from the roof and passes through a maze channel.

• The maze channel removes big chunks of wates and leaves.

• The water then passes through the sand bed, gets filtered naturally.

• This water could be used for Washing.

Rain Water Collecting pipe

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Scheme 3 Potentials: High public usage due to institutions and developing residences.

Issues: Bunds are completely encroached by residences. Garbages are dumped from the residences. No access to the lake.

Reed Bed Maze Channel

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Scheme 1 Potentials: High public usage due to institutions and developing industries. Laundry is done in large scale. Has preferable access paths.

Issues: Encroachment in the form of kutcha houses. SWN is connected without any filter.

Scheme 2 Potentials: Easy access to islands. Increasing number of residences.

Issues: People activity is low along the lake which gives rise to illegal activities.

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Sand Bed Grey Water Gutter

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Primary Entry Children’s Park Gazebo Pebble Park Island Secondary Entry

AREA STATEMENT Scheme 4: Treatment Wetland Potentials: Developing residences due to the in- Laundry Bay

stitution. Comparatively has more open spaces. Fish Culture Issues: No acess to the edge. Completely Children’s Park

encroached.

Pebble Park

7 Storm Water Inlet 8 Wetland 9 Laundry Bay 10 Fish Culture 11 Toilets

Rinse 1

Rinse 2 Rinse 3 Washing Stone

- 2013 sq.m - 1470 sq.m - 1328 sq.m - 711 sq.m - 789 sq.m

MADHUMITHA G R | 113618251011 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE - ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LAKEFRONT DEVELOPMENT

TREATMENT WETLANDS

PEDESTRIAN PATH AND PARKS • The Northern Edge is rejuvenated by increasing the activities in the form of Parks.

• Pedestrian path is laid along the edge with benches and Gazebo.

• Children’s Park and Pebble park is provided.

• Island is planted with native species.

• Opportunity to increase the habitation of migratory birds.

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Islands, Gazebo & Benches 3

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GUIDELINES

• Wetlands to be between 2-10% of the size of the upstream catchment • Treatment wetlands can be sized to capture run-off from a specific rainfall event.

• Treatment wetlands should be located where it receives water run-off from a significant area of production and where most of the catchment area is production land, rather than non-cultivated, low-pollutant generating land use.

1.Sediment basin: trapping coarse to medium sediment (125µm) to avoid these sediments smothering the macrophyte zone.

Children’s Park

Pebble Park

2.Inlet zone: designed to allow the design flows to enter the macrophyte zone. It should be of a suitable gradient (e.g. at least 0.3%) and have measures to prevent blockages.

3.Deep pools:located near the inlet and outlet.

• To retain water for the entire dry season and assist with wet season colonisation of the macrophyte zone.

• These areas should be between 1.2 to 2m deep, depending on the climate and site constraints 4.Macrophyte zone: will be seasonally inundated and designed to dry out periodically, although dry periods should not exceed 60-70 days at a time.

• The design depth/normal water level of the macrophyte zone will generally be between 0.3-0.7m deep.

• In general, the water depth should not exceed half the average plant height for more than 20% of the time • The length to width ratio of the macrophyte zone should be greater than 4:1 to maximise hydraulic efficiency.

Northern Edge

5.OUTLET:The outlet is a key hydraulic structure to control water level and flow to achieve the required detention time.

• It should include a riser outlet.

• There should be provision for the wetland to be drained.

Eastern Edge MADHUMITHA G R | 113618251011 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE - ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LAKEFRONT DEVELOPMENT