URBAN DESIGN

2 HISTORY & EVOLUTION

1 LOCATION & ACCESSIBILITY

EARLY 1960’s AMBATTUR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE WAS COMMISSIONED 1968’s

ANNA NAGAR WAS DEVELOPED BY TNHB LATE 1970’s BUS DEPOTS WERE BUILT(J.J.NAGAR EAST & WEST) 2005

AGRICULTURAL FARM LAND 1964

WORLD TRADE FAIR

EARLY 1970’s TNHB DEVELOPED ERI SCHEME & WEST MOGAPPAIR

EARLY 1980’s RENOVATION OF MANGAL LAKE

3 TOPOGRAPHY & CLIMATE

Precipitation (mm)

Average Rainfall Days

Average Rainfall Graph Tamilnadu in India

Chennai in Tamilnadu

Ambattur Mogappair in in Chennai Ambattur zone

Average High Temp.

Dec

Nov

Oct

Sep

Aug

Jul

Jun

May

20

Apr

25

Mar

Dec

Nov

Oct

Sep

Aug

Jun Jul

May

100 Apr

10 Mar

200

Feb

20

30

Feb

300

35

Jan

30

Temperature (*c)

400 Precipitation (mm)

40

Jan

Average Rainfall Days

There are 4 major road access into Mogappair. NH 48 being the connection between Perungalathur & Puzhal adds to road traffic.

Average Low Temp.

Average Temperature Graph

Southern part Mogappair is elevated between 17m to 11m as the land is closer to R.Coovum. The elevation in the Northern part ranges between 18m to 24m.

For most of the year, the weather is hot and humid. The hottest part of the year is late May and early June. The coolest part of the year is January.

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR

4 CONNECTIVITY-ROAD NETWORK & TRANSIT

5 EXISTING LAND-USE, NODES & LANDMARKS

Chennai Bypass Road

interconnects NH45, NH4, NH205 and NH5.

Chennai - Tiruvallur High road NH 716

Mumbai Highway

State Highway 2

Northern & central arm of inner ring road.

Tiruvalluvar St. State Highway 112 Tirumangalam Mogappair road

Kambar St.

Mogappair West main road

RESIDENTIAL

PUBLIC & SEMI-PUBLIC

INDUSTRIAL

COMMERCIAL

EXISTING LANDUSE CHARACTERISTICS Mogappair is primarily occupied by low to high density residences. The difference in distribution can be identified based on the development and gradual evolution from Nolambur to W.Mogappair to E.Mogappair.

Temple Church Interconnection among zones Bus Stations

High Traffic Nodes

The road network within Mogappair varies from place to place significantly. These difference is evident when we consider areas like W.Mogappair, E.Mogappair & Nolambur. While the Nolambur lacks major connecting roads, East & West Mogappair has grid pattern of road network in certain areas developed by TNHB.

Mosque Educational Institution Government

Nodes & Landmarks The major activity zones, along with the main road junctions and entry point are depicted as the urban nodes.

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR

7 LANDMARKS

6 SETTLEMENT PATTERN

J.J.Nagar West Depot-2000

Santhana Srinivasa Temple-around 650 yrs

Mangal Lake

D.A.V-1989

Velammal Vidyala 1986 MMM Hospital 1995

Mar Gregorious College-1997

J.J.Nagar East Depot-1999

SBIOA-2003 Velammal West-2008

1960

1980

8 FIGURE-GROUND ANALYSIS

2000

2020

Fine Grain

Intermediate Grain

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

Coarse Grain

MOGAPPAIR

9 D E M O G R A P H I C S

11 OPEN SPACE TYPOLOGY Future Development Green Field Vacant Plot Under Construction Brown Field Recreational Space

POPULATION

Open Space Typology

Population within site : 149102 Male Population : 75757 Female Population : 73345 Population Density :19330/km²(Mogappair) 8,583/km²(Nolambur) Male

extreme population density

Male

high population density

Female Female

moderate population density

10 O C C U P A T I O N

mild population density

Occupations Recorded:

-Cattle Farming, Vendors, Daily Wages workers, Government servant, Industrial workers.

-Till 1970’s Agriculture was the primary occupation in Mogappair. Later people started to work in the Industries.

-People who had farming as their only occupation started to raise livestocks and evolved as vendors who sell goods brought from nearest market.

Livestock farming

Daily wages

Government Officials

All the open spaces in the area can be classified under Green Field, Vacant Plot, Brown Field and Recreational Spaces. These places are concentrated on the Western side of Mogappair. Due to high concentration of built components in East side, open areas are less than bare minimum in the East Mogappair.

12 B U I L T

9 USE MAP 1 BUILT

5

4

U 2 S E M A P

3

6 The spatial analysis of the urban grain & interconnections of built-forms allows preliminary understanding of activity densities. The map has been subdivided into 6 urban tissues based on the diversity in the visual character, emotion & social connection of each urban space.

Residential

Commercial

Mixed use-R+C

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

Mixed use-R+In

Educational

MOGAPPAIR

13 CHARACTER DISTRICTS Zone 1 Mogappair Main Rd. & TNHB

Zone 2 Nolambur

Zone 4 Zone 3 W.Mogappair & Mangal Lake Mogappair Eri Scheme

This area contains major roads which connects to the highways. It has Industries, Commercial buildings, TNHB Residence & a bus depot. This is the most active region of Mogappair.

This area in Nolambur comprises of some of the tallest residential & mixed use building. The area is gradually increasing in density.

This region comprises Mangal lake which is the major attraction of Mogappair. It has mixed & residential building of varying height. This are is moderately dense.

Zone 5 E.Mogappair

Zone 6 Golden George Nagar

Built-Use Map

Figure -Ground Map

Image

Characteristics

This is the most dense area with varying building height, shorter floor level & network of narrow roaads.

This area was developed

by TNHB. The visual character of this zone shows developed roads and simple building forms. This district is highly dense due to the growth of institutional buildings.

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

This tissue is along the bank of R.Coovum. It has inactive streetscape with traditional settlement. People here once had farming as their occupation. Now they depend on Livestock farming. This area is less dense.

MOGAPPAIR

1 Along 11m main road- The road is enclosed by a lane of 3-4 storey buildings.

Ratio = 1:1.1

14 ENCLOSURE MAPPING

Moderate Enclosure 4

1m

11.1 m

1m

Along 3.8 m wide road- The road is encloseed by 2 a strip of 2-3 storey residendial building with stbacks.

Ratio = 1:2.3

6

High Enclosure

1

3.8 m

3 Along 3m wide road- This area consists of narroow buildings having minimum 2 storeys going upto 4. No offsets are considered despite tall height.

Ratio = 1:4 Extremely High Enclosure 3

5

3m

4 Along 7.2 m main road- The road is enclosed by a lane of 3-4 storey commercial buildings. On street parking is provided with a width of 2.4 m.

Ratio = 1:0.8

2

Low Enclosure

2.4 m

7.2 m

2.4 m

5 Along 3.2 m road- The road is enclosed by residential buildings of 2-3 storeys with no setbacks.

Ratio = 1 : 1.9 Moderate - High Enclosure 3.2 m

1

3

5

6 Along 5.2 m road - The area was developed by TNHB. The road is enclosed by 2-3 storey residendial buildings.

Ratio = 1:1.1 Moderate Enclose 1 m 3.2 m 1 m

2

4

6

Comparing CMDA Building Rules to morphology patternAll sections depict different regions of the site. Considering the built form as independent buildings, and/or group housing only Section 1 & 6 conforms to the rules in terms of F.A.R., Setbacks, Offsets, etc.

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR

15 ISSUES AND POTENTIALS

16 CONCEPTUAL PROPOSALS

Encroachment & lack of pavement The pavements along the primary roads are encroached by local vendors and the commercial builds.

In certain parts, no sidewalks are provided.

Wheel chair accessible sidewalks

Absence of infrastructure in Bus depot W.Mogappair bus depot lacks basic facilities like toilets and drinking water facilities, The shelter provided is not suffcient for the users who are majorly students.

Informal Settlements Informal settlement is found in a water accumulating area.

Rejuvenating the Bus Depot

Rain water gets clogged in that area.

Waste Management Improper disposal of household waste as well as industrial waste.

Vacant land within Mogappair and along Ambattur Industrial Estate has also turned into dumpyards.

Market and Urban Plaza

Need for market Market is one of the major need in this area, as per the surveys conducted.

Both the street vendors and the people feel it would be more feasible if a market place is provided.

Water Resevoir

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR

17 SITE DELINATION

18 ISOMETRIC VIEW OF SITE

3

1 PROS: Well connected with highways.

Facilitates transportation.

CONS:Causes inconvenience for

1 2

pedestrians. Densely packed buildings.

2 PROS: Drainage pattern creates opportunity for water Zones within Site Boundary 1 Mogappair Main Road, J.J.Nagar West Bus Depot,Chennai Corporation

reservoir.

CONS:Informal settlements.

2 3 Industrial zone in the North Eastern part of Mogappair.

Area between 1st Main Road & Vellalar Street.

Area of Site 1 23,564 sq.m(0.02 sq.km)

2 3

30,249sq.m(0.02 sq.km) 31,549sq.m(0.03 sq.km)

Major Built Typologies & Characteristics Mogappair Main Road: Major commercial Node of Mogappair.

J.J.Nagar West Bus Depot: Forms connectivity to the other part of the city.

Area between 1st Main Road & Vellalar Street: Informal settlements.

Rain water gets clogged in that area.

North Eastern Mogappair: Unused industries and mixed use residential

3

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

PROS: Well connected with highways.

CONS: Vacant land used

as dumpyards. Industrial and Residential area is closer.

MOGAPPAIR

19 Proposal |Footpath

Problem Definition: To design footpath along the Mogappair Main Road. Certain parts of the road lacks footpath, while the majority of the path is either encroached or in inoperable condition. To make the road pedestrian friendly and footpaths accessible by wheel chair.

20 Proposal |Bus Depot

Problem Definition: To rejuvenate the existing bus depot in order to eliminate the traffic congestion caused. Providing Parking space within the perimeter as the vehicles are parked along the road causing inconvenience to the pedestrian.

AREA STATEMENT 3 11

Bus Entry 2 Bus Station 1

2

7 8 9

Lack of footpath 1.5m

Inoperable footpath

4.5m 4.5m 0.5m 1.5m

• Stretch • Materials

- 1.16 km -Concrete & Limestone • Vegetation -Geranium & Coconut Lagoon • Street Lamps- LED

Pedestrian& Seating

Road

Barrier

Road

Pedestrian& Seating

3

Bus Exit

4

Public Entry

5

Parking

Office 7 Waiting Area 6

Retail Shops 9 Women’s Toilet 10 Nursing Room 8

5

11

Existing

Proposed

I

Men’s Toilet

Vegetation: Portia Tree, Pupil Tree, Ashoka Tree.

1

V

Buildings

10 6

operable footpath 1.5m 0.5m

4

Plot Area : 7200 sq.m Vehicular Circulation-2780 sq.m Vegetation -855.1sq.m Retail -149 sq.m Parking -843.7sq.m Office -815.7 sq.m

E

W

S

Buildings

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR

21 Proposal |Small Scale Market & Urban Plaza

Problem Definition: Encroachment of street vendors along the roads is a major issue in this

region. As the number of street vendors are increasing everyday, designing a small scale market would satisfy the needs of the vendors and the people.

About the site: The vacant land where the site is

6

1

located is used to dump the industrial wastes and wastes from the nearby residences. Industries and residences are found next to each other which causes discomforts to the residants. The selected site has the potential to act as a buffer zone by creating communal activities in the form of market and urban plaza.

2

7

8 3

5

1 2 3 4 5

Vegetable Market Flower Market Urban Plaza Bus Stop Waste Recycling Plant

Phase 1- The initial phase of the proposal starts with a space for bus stop, drop off point and seating spaces whose restricts the vehicular traffic.

Phase 1- The phase involves the addition of a urban plaza which acts a buffer zone between the market and the highway.

6 Loading/

Unloading

7 Vendor’s Community

Development Centre

8 Basement Parking

Phase 3- The next phase involves recycling plant and community development centre which improves the present vendors community.

Phase 4- The next phase contains the open market.

4

DESIGN GUIDELINES AREA STATEMENT 1. Preventing flow of market towards the service road Plot Area - 44546.3 sq.m to prevent the spillage towards it.

Circulation - 12130 sq.m (27%) 2. Bus bay and a drop off is provided in the entrance Urban Plaza - 4460.1 sq.m to regulate the traffic flow within the site.

Vegetable Market- 8602 sq.m 3. For sales spaces, storage, administration, speciaised Flower Market - 2214 sq.m facilities, circulation, services and especially parking, Community Centre-1036 sq.m DESIGN CONCEPT adequate space is required.

• The concept of the design was inspired from the one of the Chennai’s most significant 4. Segregate the pedestrian traffic from vehicular flow. event ‘PORUTKATCHI’ which is a exhibition.

5. Provide Waste recycling plant.

• The idea is to make the space as both recrational and retail space.

6. Usage of temporary coverings for sales area is • The design mainly focused on increasing the activities by prviding a market and plaza prioritised. that could enhance the community, that could increase the urban fabric of the region.

Loading Unloading

Vegetable Market

Shaded Seating

Vegetable Market

Flower Market

Shaded Seating

Flower Market

Vegetable Market

Shaded Seating

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

Vegetable Market

MOGAPPAIR

22 Proposal |Water Reservoir Primary water source of this region is provided by Chennai Corporation. But wells are found in almost every houses which act as secondary water source.

91 m

How it works: Run off gets collected from the catchment area in the East, gets filtered by reeds, stored in the tank and recharges ground water level.

Well

95 m

AREA STATEMENT Plot Area - 30,249sq.m Tank Area - 8645 sq.m Temple - 17.5 sq.m Mandap - 12 sq.m Well 1 - 2 m dia Capacity - 34580 cu. m Average Depth - 4.5 m below road level Catchment Area - 7 acres (East)

Temple

Inlet

S I T E

P L A N

T e m p l e

I S O M E T R I C

Well

4.5 m

I n l e t

&

M a n d a p

S E C T I O N

MADHUMITHA G.R. | 113618251011 | 2018-2022 | SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE-ST.PETER’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI

MOGAPPAIR