VOL. 02 ISSUE. 23 ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011 SSP - 3 Ugx 2,000 - Ksh - 50 TZ 600 RWF - 400 BIF - 1500 EGP - 200
Ivory Coast: Laurent Gbagbo taken to Hague for ICC ICC Page 8
Emmanuel Jal: a Child of War, a Voice of Peace Page 13
Girl 17 reveals shocking way of how she was tortured by Juba police Page 3
Sudan’s bid to join EAC quashed by Uganda & Tanzania
President Kiir calls for govt church cooperation By Deng Micheal The President of the Republic H.E Gen. Salva Kiir Mayardit said joint efforts and cooperation between the government and the church will lay a strong foundation for peace and stability among the communities in the Republic of South Sudan. H.E Kiir made the remarks today when addressing the faithful in the occasion of the Silver Jubilee of the Catholic Diocese of Yei River County organized held at the “Christ is the King Parish” in Yei, under the theme “Service with the power of the Cross”. President Kiir congratulated all the citizens of Yei River County for the success they
A previous EAC Heads of State summit
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LOCAL NEWS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
President Kiir advocates for government-church cooperation By Deng Micheal
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gained in the last elections and referendum which brought the real freedom for all the people of South Sudan. H.E Kiir called on Yei River citizens to remain united in good and in difficult situations. He also congratulated Bishop Arkulano Lado Tombe, Bishop of Yei Diocese for keeping the diocese united in serving God and preaching peace and reconciliation among Yei River citizens. President Kiir warned those seeking to destabilize livelihood in South Sudan that they will surely face justice. He gave direct orders to the Commissioner of Yei River County not to allow bars to operate during working hours and take necessary measures against anyone who violate the directives. On his part Archbishop Lukudu Loro described the 25th anniversary of Bishop Arkulano Lado Loro in serving God as a miracle in the history of the Catholic Church. Bishop Lukudu announced to the brethren that more dioceses will be suggested by the bishops of South Sudan and the suggestion will be forwarded to the pope for approval. Bishop Lukudu urged the faithful not to surrender to the weaknesses of the body but serve God and build his church. The Commissioner of Yei River County Rtd. Maj. Gen. Elia Wai Wai said the church and the County government are
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President Kiir arriving for the function.
The Bishop presides over the function working together in addressing challenges of the people. He appealed to the national government to avail tractors and other agricultural inputs to help the citizens of the county in agriculture. Arkulano Lado, the Bishop of Yei Catholic Church called on the faithful to hold on the power of the cross and be a symbol of reconciliation in the
church and the community of South Sudan. The occasion was attended by bishops and representatives of all the Catholic dioceses from South Sudan and the Republic of Sudan among them the Archbishop of Juba Diocese Paulino Lukudu Loro.
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
LOCAL NEWS
Sudan’s bid to join EAC quashed by Uganda & Tanzania By Komakech Ivan
Nkurunziza, who is the EAC chairperson, requesting that his country be admitted to the bloc. Divisions within the member states on the request at the time forced a deferral of the decision to the upcoming EAC summit. A Ugandan official revealed that during the EAC council of
ministers meeting his country along with Tanzania raised objections. “We rejected their application after looking at several issues like their democracy, the way they treat women and their religious politics and we feel they don’t qualify at all,” Eriya Kategaya, Uganda’s minister for East African Affairs said. Article 3 (3) of the EAC charter stipulates that membership is contingent upon adherence to universally acceptable principles of good governance, democracy, the rule of law, observance of human rights and social justice. Furthermore sharing joint borders is a requirement for the EAC membership which Sudan does not satisfy. Uganda’s relations with Sudan have been strained for the last two years over the former’s support for south’s independence, position on the International Criminal Court (ICC) warrant for Bashir and hosting some Darfur rebel figures.
Just last month Sudan’s First Vice President Ali Osman Taha accused Musevini of seeking a regime change in Khartoum as part of his broader agendas to halt Arab advances in Africa. Last week, the Ugandan president slammed Khartoum’s ‘Arabisation’ policies which he said led to South Sudan choosing to secede from the north. South Sudan officially became an independent nation last July after its citizens voted in a referendum earlier this year overwhelmingly in favor of splitting from the north. The exercise was stipulated as part of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) which ended more than two-decades of civil war. Kategaya said a similar application by South Sudan to join EAC, which was submitted formally last week instead of the required six months ahead of the summit, was late and would instead be discussed next year.
A labour delegation from South Sudan is on a study visit to South Africa to explore best labour practices, Labour Minister Mildred Oliphant said on Tuesday. “It was critical for the new South Sudan state to bring together government, labour and business to propel their
economic growth as the latest state sets out to define what kind of labour dispensation it wants,” Oliphant said in a statement. The South Sudan delegation of 12 people was led by acting deputy national Minister of Labour Kwong Danhier Gatluak. It includes labour ministers from the
different states that make up South Sudan. “Our coming here is a learning process,” Gatluak was quoted as saying. “As a child, you have to learn to walk and to talk. Right now, we are putting together the structure of our government and recruiting manpower.”
Uganda and Tanzania raised the flag citing concerns over Khartoum’s democratic practices
T
he Sudanese government faced a diplomatic setback after two countries rejected its application to join the East African Community (EAC), EAC is the regional intergovernmental organization comprised of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi with
its headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania. Uganda and Tanzania raised the flag citing concerns over Khartoum’s democratic practices and its treatment of women. Last June, Sudanese president Omer Hassan al-Bashir wrote to Burundian President Pierre
South Sudan delegation visits South Africa
Girl 17 reveals shocking story of how she was tortured by Juba police
F
our policemen appeared before the High Court in Juba last week, to answer charges of torturing a 17 year-old girl while she was in police custody. The 4 suspects denied the charges set against them. According to the Prosecutor, the accused inserted bottles and stones into her private parts and accused her of stealing dollars from a businessman. The girl told her story in front of a packed court, stressing that the torture she went through left her with serious health complications.
In the process of defending her case, the girl identified the four policemen in court and answered all questions about how each of them had participated in her torture. Following reports of the incident on local radio stations, Government authorities took her for medical checkup and flew her to Kampala, Uganda for further treatment. The alleged crime took place at Malakia Police station about six months ago. A second hearing is slated for December 19th.
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LOCAL NEWS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Sudan denies halting South Sudan oil exports as China condemns move
Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) joins Sudan’s leader Omer Hassan al-Bashir (L) as they attend a signing ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on The Sudanese government on Tuesday appeared to reverse a decision it announced yesterday by which oil exports from South Sudan passing through the north’s pipelines would come to a halt. The foreign ministry spokesperson Al-Obaid Marawih told reporters in Khartoum that South Sudan’s will still be able to export its oil through its territories until both countries reach an agreement on fees that should be assessed for using the pipelines and refineries. Marawih also denied any intention to block exports of oil from Sudan’s southern neighbor. The Sudanese state minister of petroleum Ali Ahmed Osman announced that Khartoum will no longer allow South Sudan to transfer its oil all the way to Port Sudan on the Red Sea until it clears its financial arrears. Osman claimed that South Sudan owes $727 million on four shipments of oil released and transferred through the
oil installations in the north. The foreign ministry spokesperson further revealed that his country is determined to get a percentage of South Sudan’s oil exports even if no agreement has been reached on transit fees but without forcibly sealing off the pipelines. “It is possible later to reach an account settlement regarding the dues and obligations [of each side],” he said. Last July South Sudan became the world’s newest country after voting for independence in a January vote, taking with it three-quarters of the former united country’s roughly 500,000 barrels per day of oil production. The two countries are negotiating the oil issue in Ethiopia. According to the foreign ministry three options were tabled in Addis Ababa by the African Union mediation team led by former South African president Thabo Mbeki including that each side would assist the other economically.
Mbeki on his end suggested that a compromise by which Khartoum gets a percentage of annual oil exports that would include the transit fees to help Sudan overcome the current economic crisis. In return for that Sudan would facilitate border trade and open ports for the flow of goods to South Sudan. Sudan proposed that the south pay $10.5 billion during the next five years but Mbeki’s team and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) put the figure at $7.4 billion. Neither of the numbers was agreed on. According to Marawih, Sudan informed Mbeki that it cannot keep exporting south’s oil indefinitely without any financial return. China made a rare intervention on the new development with its ambassador in Khartoum slamming news of blocking South Sudan’s oil exports. The Chinese ambassador in Sudan Luo Xiaoguang described Khartoum’s decision as “very serious and unjustified”.
Xiaoguang further told the pro-government al-Rayaam newspaper that there is no reason to stop the exporting of oil as long as there are negotiations now underway between the two countries in Addis Ababa. He expressed hope that Sudan would reconsider its decision and called on the Government of Southern Sudan to engage in serious dialogue to reach agreement on outstanding issues particularly the oil dossier. The Chinese foreign ministry echoed its envoy’s statements. “Maintaining normal production of oil is important to both South Sudan and Sudan,” Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said. “We hope North and South Sudan can stay rational, show restraint, and resolve relevant problems through neighborly pragmatism and friendly talks” he added. China depends for nearly five percent of its oil imports on South Sudan, a new country long suspicious of Beijing’s ties with Khartoum.
China depends for nearly five percent of its oil imports on South Sudan, a new country long suspicious of Beijing’s ties with Khartoum. The state-run China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) has pumped billions of dollars into developing oilfields in Sudan, 80 percent of which lie in the south. A South Sudan oil official said that a 600,000 barrel oil shipment sold by South Sudan to China’s Unipec did not
load as scheduled on Monday because of Sudan’s decision. A 1 million barrel oil shipment sold to trading house Vitol is due to load but will not “unless there is a change of mind ,” Macar Aciek Ader, undersecretary at South Sudan’s ministry of petroleum and mining, told Reuters. “We were supposed to load 600,000 barrels on Monday last week, but it didn’t load,” he said by telephone, adding the buyer was Unipec, trading arm of China’s top refiner Sinopec Corp. In Juba an official said that South Sudan will continue to look for alternative pipeline to export its oil. “We do not see a future in the oil infrastructure of the north. Our oil must have access to international markets. We should not be punished because we decided to secede,” Stephen Dhieu Dau, the South Sudanese oil minister told Reuters by telephone from the Ethiopian capital. Minister Dau reportedly added his country had offered Sudan a $5.4 billion transitional financial package for the next five years to help close a $7.8 billion fiscal deficit caused by the split of the country in July, in line with a figure he said was calculated by the IMF. “We have offered to pay $2.6 billion over five years and forgiveness of arrears of $2.6 billion, for a deal in which we would not pay transit fees,” he said. “This is the package of financial assistance we are offering to Khartoum, and while this is happening we were surprised by this unilateral decision [to halt shipments of oil]. This unilateral action taken by Khartoum will have negative impact on all of Sudan’s oil interests” Dau added. He said the alternative would be to pay a transit fee which would not be more than $0.75 per barrel.
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ACTIVE NEWS - 20th ACTIVE NATION 5th -14th 11thOCTOBER DECEMBER 2011
OCTOBER
LOCAL NEWS
DRC, Sudan, Uganda in drive to promote cross border trade relations South Sudan and Koboko delegates march in Koboko during a meeting to promote cross-border trade and relations
Delegates from Uganda, DR Congo and South Sudan have agreed to improve their relationship in a bid to encourage cross-border trade, security and unity among their
citizens. About 100 delegates comprising religious, cultural and political leaders from the three countries are holding a three-day conference in
Koboko District that began on Monday. The conference, sponsored by an Italian NGO and Koboko local government, aims at sharing information
and exploring the existing opportunities across the borders, cultural ties and peaceful coexistence. During the conference, it was resolved that despite the cultural boundaries that exist between the Kakwa of Uganda and Saliamusala of South Sudan, they share a lot in terms of culture, traditions, norms, and history. The delegates also discussed food insecurity, environmental degradation, low education levels, inadequate health facilities and poor road infrastructure. The resident district commissioner, Ms Elizabeth Ayume, urged the leaders to fight cross-border crime and terrorism. “Our people must be vigilant in promoting peace and security so that they do business effectively,” Ms Ayume said. Some of the resolutions passed include documentation of the
Kakwa language and literature, formation of cultural institutions to teach the Kakwa culture, rotational annual cultural gala and establishment of Kakwa cultural learning centres. In areas of agriculture and trade, it was resolved that there is need to create another border point between Koboko and DR Congo. The commissioner for Morobu County in South Sudan, Mr Ofeni Ngota, said the population should avoid wars and border conflicts. “We should also leave the bad cultural practices but promote good ones,” he said. Chief Likambo Araba Drupa from DR Congo said once the resolutions are implemented, this would cement the relationship and lead to prosperity among the citizens of the three countries.
27 succumb to Kala-azar disease in Unity state
By Alupo Sarah
Unity state’s health ministry revealed that an outbreak of Kala-azar disease had killed 27 people in mainly in Koch and Mayiandit counties this year. Health officials say that the disease spread from neighbouring Jonglei state, which had an outbreak in January. Koch county’s Leer Hospital - the only health centre in the state that can treat the disease - has diagnosed over 100 cases this week, officials told Sudan Tribune. Dr. Manong Thot Teny director general of ministry of health in Unity state said that cases were on the rise, particularly in Koch county. The state ministry of health and the World Health Organization have come to an agreement to train staffs at Koch County Hospital to investigate and treat the disease, which is spread by the bite of female sand flies. “There is a need of establishment centre in Koch, but they had some challenges
that Koch Hospital is very small, and at the end we are still need some support,” said Thot. The health ministry director said that Medicine Sans Froniter (MSF) is the only organisation with clinics treating cases of Kala-Azar in Leer County. He said that they needed support from other organisations to fight the disease, which causes diarrhea, fever, general body weakness and swelling of some internal organs. If left untreated, the disease kills around 95% of people who have been infected. Thot said, they are planning to open a centre in Koch county, as the health centre there was too small to cope with the number of patients. Unity states health facilities have attracted patients from Jonglei state. MSF Holland visited Koch County on Tuesday with state health ministry staffs and found that the high rate of detection indicated that
A MSF medical worker examines a kid, who suffers from kala azar, in Malakal Upper Nile doctor
civilians were at an increased risk. Health authorities in Unity state are urging citizens to use mosquito nets as a way to minimize the risk of contracting the disease. The Kala azar or Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted through sand fly bites which breed in forest areas, caves, or the
burrows of small rodents. It can cause death by attacking a person’s internal organs and bone marrow and has a mortality rate of 95 per cent if it is not treated. The United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) reported that October that the Kala azar killed some 720 people in South Sudan. However, UN officials stress
that the real number of victims can be higher than reported. WHO spokesperson Tarik Jasarevic said that more than 18,000 cases of the disease have been recorded in South Sudan since the outbreak emerged in September 2009. Children are the first victims, she underscored.
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GIZ advocates for need of interaction between farmers, processors and traders By Alupo Sarah
Mr. Koch stressing a point during the workshop.
T
he project manager of the GIZ on food security and agricultural development Mr. Jurgen Koch has stressed the need for a forum for farmers to come together with the processors of their products to share their challenges in food production and distribution. He said such
LOCAL NEWS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
kind of forum would provide opportunity for both farmers, processors and even traders to learn on the best and modern practices of farming, how to reduce on production costs, where to market their products and even how and where to access financial assistance. “You have seen it here
DONT MISS OUT?
farmers complaining that the processors will not pay them what they will ask and the processors complaining that the farmers are asking for too much for their products and that is how the value change is working”, said Mr. Koch. He noted that it is such forums that these groups will be able to exchange information as to what each of them needs for affordable, available and quality products in the markets. Mr. Koch made these comments yesterday at the start of a two-day value chain coordination group meeting organized by GIZ, the Germany Development Cooperation under its programme of Food Security and Agricultural Development in Regency Hotel Juba. The coordination meeting, according to Mr. Koch, will deliberate on flour value chain and oil value chain.
U.S. to Host International Conference for South Sudan By Muhumuza Brian The United States will host the International Engagement Conference for South Sudan December 14-15 in Washington to honor the new nation and begin a development and investment dialogue with the government of South Sudan. The conference will outline South Sudan’s strategic development priorities and highlight opportunities for engagement with public- and private-sector partners, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) said in a November 28 press release. The conference will include officials from South Sudan, the United States, the United Kingdom, Norway, Turkey, the European Union, the United Nations, the African Union, the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation, the Corporate Council on Africa and InterAction. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and USAID Administrator Rajiv Shah are scheduled to speak, as are foreign officials, development ministers, and private-sector and leaders of nongovernmental organizations. The conference builds on the U.S. government’s long partnership with the people of what is now South Sudan. “As the lead donor
of humanitarian and development assistance for decades, the United States has helped to support the people of South Sudan” as they work to build their nation, USAID said. South Sudan became an independent country on July 9, 2011. The first day of the conference will focus on the development and policy priorities of the government of South Sudan. President Salva Kiir will articulate his vision for the development of his country, and Clinton will outline the U.S. government’s commitment to South Sudan and its ability to meet its development challenges. Government, private-sector and civil-society members will discuss issues including the managing of oil revenues, delivering social services such as education and health care, strengthening government institutions, and building the country’s human capital, USAID said. The second day of the conference will focus on private-sector and investment opportunities in South Sudan, in line with the priorities of the government. This will include discussions of high-priority sectors such as oil and renewable energy, agriculture and communications technology, USAID said.
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ACTIVE NEWS5th 14th OCTOBER - 20th ACTIVE NATION - 11th DECEMBER 2011OCTOBER
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EDITORIAL
Commentary
Editorial
Africa doctor’s brain drain is a home-made problem By MUNIINI K. MULERA
South Sudan must get serious about food security The United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator in South Sudan, Lise Grande, and last week said that the food security situation in the country was alarming; Grande said that about a third of the population was food insecure, and the situation is expected to worsen by next year due to a number of factors. An assessment carried out by United Nations and government experts concluded that cereal production in the country will fall by between 30-60% next year. The issue of regional food security has been pushed to the back burner by the government and always calling for help from the various humanitarian organizations. This is despite the fact that the South Sudan is frequently affected by food shortages and pockets of hunger, even though the country has the capacity to produce enough food for consumption and even a surplus for export. It would be appropriate for the various stake holders cut a leaf from the EAC region, which South Sudan is about to become a member, and consider the appeal by members of the East African Legislative Assembly for the urgent implementation of the EAC Food Action Plan. The plan, which was adopted by the Heads of State of the five member states in November last year, would among other things give guidance to investment projects in the agriculture sector. Among the key factors leading to food insecurity in the region is the inadequate food exchange between areas of abundance and those with food deficits. In July, when more about 13 million people in Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia were in need of food assistance, the talk was was all about the preceding drought having been the worst in 60 years. But relief organizations have consistently pointed out that such situations can be avoided if the regions, states or countries adopt a coherent distribution network. Food and nutritional security cannot be achieved when there is a lack of political good will to put food security top of the agenda. South Sudan region has the potential to feed itself; all it needs is to wake up early. Plot 7 Madras Garden off Sir, Apollo Kaggwa Rd, Daily Loaf Bakery Junction, After Old Kampala Police Station 0714 / 0754 / 0703 / 0776 23 54 23 Juba Office: 150 metres Walk from American Embassy & Zara Hotel off Minitries Road, Nabari Juba, ROSS. Email: activenation@makerere-edu.org 0955 710 805, +211 955 677 996 editor@makerere-edu.org; www.makerere-edu.org, www. activenationss.webs.com www.facebook.com/activenation
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The ratio of doctors to population in Africa is the lowest in the world
Dear Tingasiga: “Doctor brain drain costs Africa $2 billion.” This headline, supplied by Reuters News Agency last Thursday, hopefully raised an alarm to the rulers of Africa and to the leaders and other policy makers of developed countries that enjoy the services of expatriate African doctors. The Reuters report was culled from an excellent Canadianled study published in last-week’s issue of the British Medical Journal. The study, led by Prof. Edward J. Mills, Chair of Global Health at the University of Ottawa, was done to estimate the lost investment of domestically educated doctors migrating from Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe to Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and the United States of America. The study found that (1) the overall combined loss of investment for all doctors from these African countries currently working in the destination countries was $2.17 billion; and (2) the benefit to the destination countries which have recruited these doctors was $4.55 billion. These findings have provided further support to the grave
concerns about the impact of physician and other health personnel emigration from subSaharan Africa to the developed countries. These concerns have already led some, including Prof. Mills himself, to argue that the practice of active recruitment of Africa’s doctors to developed countries should be considered an international crime. A less drastic approach to the problem was the adoption by the SixtyThird World Health Assembly in May 2010, of a voluntary “Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of health personnel.” The Code put the onus on developed countries to minimise the outward migration of doctors, nurses, pharmacists and medical technologists from the ‘developing countries, countries with economies in transition and small island states.’ What the Code has not adequately emphasised is that the exodus of subSaharan Africa’s doctors is a less a consequence of active recruitment by the developed countries than it is a result of hostile social, political and economic circumstances in their homelands. Africa’s doctors are not poached by the
developed countries, but are forced out by their governments, which deny them full respect of their human rights; appropriate work environments; fair wages; and career advancement opportunities, among others. Sanctuary Whereas doctors’ salaries are a critical component of their dissatisfaction, the political environment in which they work is equally important. The exodus of Ugandan doctors started in the 1970s when Field Marshall Idi Amin was running the country. The parabolic increase in physician flight from Uganda since the fall of Amin in 1979 says more about the country’s instability and skewed priorities than the recruitment efforts by agents from the developed countries. Over the last 40 years, the African countries in the study by Mills, et al, have witnessed variations on the theme. State repression, insecurity, inequitable treatment of doctors relative to the politicians, dysfunctional healthcare services and, wages that have kept physicians’ bank accounts severely anaemic, have all conspired to deplete the doctor population on the continent. The exception is South Africa, where the vast majority of medical émigré are Europeans that either left in protest against apartheid, or who could not accept to live under African majority rule. Others have left because of the gun violence that has troubled South Africa over the last decade or so.
Meanwhile, the developed countries have been very happy to offer Africa’s doctors a sanctuary that has guaranteed them freedom, security, dignity, fair treatment, career advancement and excellent wages. Clearly, there is a greater need for Africa’s governments to remove the political and other barriers to physician retention and repatriation than for the rich countries to shell out yet more money that may end up being stolen the way the HIV/Aids and Malaria Fund became a piggy bank for some of Africa’s corrupt officials. Nevertheless, with the improved security and political freedoms in sub-Saharan Africa, an opportunity exists for reversing the dangerous depletion of Africa’s physician and other healthcare manpower. The study by Mills, et al, offers us some concrete figures upon which to base efforts to address the problem. After an excellent analysis and examination of the findings, the study’s authors, who included Dr Sam Luboga of Makerere University College of Health Sciences, recommended that the destination countries “should consider investing in measurable training for source countries and strengthening of their health systems.” It is a recommendation with which I agree entirely. In recent years, I have advocated an innovative two-pronged programme which would (1) help to reverse Africa’s doctor brain drain through physician repatriation, and (2) enhance retention of physicians currently working in Africa. It is a programme that offers a win-win proposition to both the source and destination countries.
Dr Mulera is a consultant pediatrician and neonatologist.
Eamail:mkmulera@aol.com
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AFRICAN NEWS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Ivory Coast: Laurent Gbagbo taken to Hague for ICC F ormer Ivory Coast President Laurent Gbagbo has arrived at the International Criminal Court (ICC) at The Hague after being flown from Ivory Coast. He faces four charges of crimes against humanity - murder, rape and other forms of sexual violence, persecution and “other inhuman acts”. The charges were allegedly committed between 16 December 2010 and 12 April 2011. The ICC has been investigating unrest after last year’s disputed elections. The transfer comes just two weeks before legislative elections. Laurent Gbagbo had been under house arrest in Korhogo in the north of Ivory Coast since April when he was ousted. He will be the first former head of state to be tried by the ICC since it was set up in 2002. The ICC opened an investigation last month into killings, rapes and other abuses committed during the four-month conflict in Ivory Coast which began when Mr Gbagbo refused to give up power to Alassane Ouattara in a presidential election last year. ICC chief prosecutor Luis
Laurent Gbagbo had been under house arrest in Korhogo in the north of Ivory Coast Moreno-Ocampo visited the country in mid-October to investigate the post-election violence. He said his investigation would be impartial, and that he would focus on up to six people who he said were most to blame for the violence. A statement read on Ivorian national television signed by the state prosecutor, Simplice Kouadio, said the ICC had issued an arrest warrant for
Mr Gbagbo last week, which he had received this Tuesday in the presence of his lawyers. Human rights groups welcomed the arrest warrant, but also cautioned against “victor’s justice”. “While the Gbagbo camp fuelled the violence, forces on both sides have been repeatedly implicated in grave crimes,” said Elise Keppler of Human Rights Watch. “Victims of abuse meted out
by forces loyal to President Ouattara [also] deserve to see justice done,” she said. In a statement to Reuters, an adviser to Mr Gbagbo, Toussaint Alain, branded the former president’s transfer “victor’s justice”. But Mr Moreno-Ocampo vowed Mr Gbagbo would not be the last person to be brought to account, saying: “Ivorian victims will see justice for massive crimes: Mr
Libya ex-rebels still hold 7,000 prisoners, says UN
Libyan rebels behind closed doors , UN say they are 7,000 prisoner
F
ormer Libyan rebels are still holding about 7,000 prisoners, the United Nations says. The detainees are being held without access to legal process
because the police and courts are not functioning, and some may have been tortured. Many are sub-Saharan Africans suspected of being mercenaries hired by the
Gaddafi regime. The UN said the new Libyan government had responded positively when pressed to deal with the issue. This was the first UN assessment of the situation in Libya since the end of the eight-month civil war. The report, by the UN Secretary General Ban Kimoon, estimates that 7,000 prisoners in Libya are currently held in prisons and makeshift detention centres, most under the control of revolutionary brigades. “While the (National Transitional Council) has taken some steps toward transferring responsibility for the detainees from brigades to proper state authorities, much remains to be done to regularize detention, prevent
abuse and bring about the release of those whose detention should not be prolonged,” the report says. Mr Ban said: “I believe that the leaders of the new Libya are indeed committed to building a society based on the respect for human rights.” “Achieving this requires the earliest possible action, however difficult the circumstances, to end arbitrary detention and prevent abuses and discrimination, against third country nationals as well as against any group of Libya’s own citizens,” he added. The UN’s Libya envoy Ian Martin welcomed last week’s appointment of an interim government in Tripoli. “It is indicative of the difference from the attitudes of past regime that there is
Gbagbo is first to be brought to account, there is more to come.” ‘Economic crimes’ Although Ivory Coast is not one of the member countries covered by the ICC, it has accepted its jurisdiction. Mr Gbagbo is also being investigated by Ivorian justice officials for “economic crimes”. He has been charged with looting, armed robbery and embezzlement. Laurent Gbagbo was the president of Ivory Coast for 10 years, during which time the country was virtually partitioned by civil war. But it is the period since the presidential elections a year ago that the prosecutors of the ICC have been investigating. Mr Gbagbo refused to give up power when his rival Alassane Ouattara was internationally recognised as the winner of last November’s presidential vote. About 3,000 people died in the post-election violence provoked by Mr Gbagbo’s decision to cling to power. The BBC’s World Affairs correspondent Peter Biles says Mr Gbagbo’s transfer to The Hague will be welcomed by some, but it could also re-open the wounds in a country still traumatised by conflict. no denial that human rights are being violated and in most cases international organisations are granted access to detainees,” Mr Martin said “The new minister of the interior told me he welcomed public criticism as strengthening his hand in tackling the issues,” Mr Martin added. Mr Martin told the Security Council the interim government faces enormous challenges, which include,disarming and integrating revolutionary fighters who have now taken over law and order functions in the absence of a police force and building democracy from scratch. Libya’s new government was put together by interim Prime Minister, Abdurrahim alKeib, who was elected by the National Transitional Council (NTC) in October.
Page 9
AFRICAN NEWS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Sudan Expells Kenyan ambassador
S
udan ordered Kenya’s ambassador to leave the country after a Kenyan judge issued an arrest warrant for President Omar al-Bashir, wanted by the International Criminal Court for alleged war crimes in Darfur, the Foreign Ministry said. “The Sudanese government has ordered the Kenyan ambassador to leave the country within 72 hours,” foreign ministry spokesman Al-Obeid Meruh confirmed. “They have also ordered the Sudanese ambassador to leave Kenya and return to Khartoum,” he added. Mr Bashir is wanted in The Hague-based ICC for alleged war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide committed in Sudan’s Darfur region, where the UN says at least 300,000 people have been killed in the eight-year conflict. Kenya has ratified the ICC’s founding Rome statute, which theoretically obliges it to execute the court’s warrants,
but it failed to arrest the Sudanese leader when he visited the country in August 2010. After issuing the arrest warrant on Monday, the Kenyan high court judge said Bashir’s arrest should be arranged by the Attorney General and the Minister for Internal Security “should he ever set foot in Kenya.” Mr Bashir flew to Nairobi last year to attend a ceremony marking the adoption of Kenya’s new constitution. After leaving the country a free man, the Kenyan chapter of the International Commission of Jurists, an association of legal professionals that promotes human rights, approached the courts to issue a warrant. “Bashir came in August and we filed (our suit) in October 2010. It was in response to his arrival here,” George Kegoro, ICJ Kenya’s executive director told AFP. Just hours before announcing the expulsion of the Kenyan
ambassador, Sudan’s foreign ministry spokesman had said the arrest warrant was linked to internal political wranglings in Kenya and would not affect bilateral relations. The African Union has on several occasions called on its members states not to arrest the Sudanese president, accusing the ICC of targeting only Africans and arguing that Bashir’s arrest would hurt the peace process between Sudan and South Sudan. Bashir took part in a regional summit in Malawi in midOctober after attending an investiture ceremony for Djibouti President Ismaël Omar Guelleh in May. The Darfur conflict first erupted between non-Arab rebels and the Arab-dominated Khartoum regime in 2003. Around 1.9 million people remain displaced in addition to the hundreds of thousands dead, according to UN estimates. The Sudanese government puts the death toll at 10,000 and blames the continuing lack
Mr Bashir is wanted in The Hague-based ICC for alleged war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide committed in Sudan’s Darfur region
of security on tribal conflict, minority armed forces and banditry. The ICC’s chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, accuses
Bashir of having personally instructed his forces to annihilate the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups in Darfur.
Sierra Leone city to subject schoolgirls to virginity tests
W
omen groups in Sierra Leone have condemned the virginity testing proposal from the Bo city council Sierra Leone’s second city, Bo, has come up with an unusual scholarship scheme that rewards girls who maintain their virginity up to level 3 of senior secondary school. Bo City Council chairman Matthew Margao said the beneficiaries will win sponsorship up to tertiary and
university levels. “The aim is to ensure that at least 80 per cent of school going girls keep their virginity until they finish their educational life,” said the Council chairman. However, Mr Margao’s plan has drawn sharp criticism for its proposal to hire the services of medical experts to carry out virginity tests on the would-be beneficiaries. Women rights groups have denounced the proposal as a
violation of the rights of the girls. High pregnancy rates The Bo City Council is nonetheless determined to press ahead. Mr Margao argues that the plan would not only eradicate teenage pregnancies in the region, but that it would also increase the number of educated females in the country. “If we succeed, I am sure other countries will follow our example,” he mused.
High teenage pregnancy rates in Sierra Leone have become a serious cause for concern for the authorities. A 14-year-old student made headlines late last month when her parents exiled her to her grandparents home for getting pregnant by her teacher. A recent UNICEF study on teenage pregnancy in Sierra Leone found a high rate of sexual activity amongst respondents aged between 12 and 20.
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Page 9 LIFESTYLE
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
How to Keep Love Healthy with Money Problems
Credit Crunch Love
This includes budgeting on things you never had to before and finding less expensive ways to enjoy life. Work together in finding romantic things to do together that cost less. It is essential that you keep your romance alive and healthy during rough times and not allow money obstacles to tear you and your love apart. Tackle your money problems Love can be hard, if there is no money
M
oney may not everything, but it also isn’t just anything. It helps us not only to survive, but also allows us to enjoy other luxuries and do many enjoyable things with the ones we love. Money also gives us the strength and confidence to chase after our dreams and assists us in making them come true. When money is short such as in the credit crunch and debt is involved however, it can affect your romantic relationship, no matter how much you and your partner may love each other. This is because when you go from a life of comfort to a life of struggle and unwanted change, it creates stress for everyone involved and patience can be short. When patience is short, it causes people to be easily annoyed with each
other and they tend to snap at each other quickly due to all the worries on their mind. Can money problems and a credit crunch ruin a good romantic connection? It canbut it doesn’t have to! With all the financial trouble out there today, it is very likely you will find yourself in some money trouble sooner or later. Naturally, both you and your partner are going to feel concerned and stressed out about it, and that’s okay. The only important effort you both need to make is to do whatever it takes to avoid turning on each other and playing blame games, and instead work together in taking care of your financial situation. As unpleasant as it may be, you both will have to make certain changes in order to keep your heads above water until your situation improves.
together, but do not neglect your love life. Make dates to do something nice together that will not out a strain on any of your wallets. For example, you can reserve a certain night for “movie night”, rent some movies and cuddle on the couch together with some sweet snacks. You could also cook up a romantic dinner at home, or go out for dinner and come home for dessert. There are many things you can
do- the point is to be attentive to your relationship and not get drowned in your money worries. There is time to work on finances and time to enjoy your relationship. Your passion for each other should not go on hold and there is no need to turn against each other, because this is something you both can tackle and conquer together- as a loving couple. Things to Remember: How you felt about each other when you first fell in love and focus on why you love each other in the first place • Remember how supportive you both were of each other when things were going well. It is time to now supportive of each other through struggling times too. • Remember that it takes two to keeps things good or to make them go sour. Team work is the key! • Always be open to listen to one another, even if you do not always agree. Ignoring things, blaming each other or closing up to what the other has to say will not make your money problems go away and could actually make it worse in more ways than one. • Tackle this together and come up with a plan you both like to help you both get back on track.
Why marriage can be good for a man’s heart The benefits of marriage on health, particularly for men, have long been known. Now, a new study has found that men who are married or in common-law relationships seek medical care sooner for a heart attack, compared to those who are single, divorced, widowed, or separated. Dr. Clare Atzema, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), and co-authors looked at data on 4403 patients in Ontario, Canada, who had heart attacks (acute myocardial infarction). The mean age was 67.3 years and 33.7 percent were female. Almost half of patients (46.3
percent) went to hospital within 2 hours, with 73.6 percent arriving within 6 hours. In married people, 75.3 percent went to hospital within 6 hours of first chest pain, compared with 67.9 percent single, 68.5 percent divorced and 70.8 percent widowed patients presenting during the same period. By contrast, a woman’s marital status was not associated with how quickly she sought treatment after experiencing heartattack-related chest pains. The researchers assume that it may be because women are more likely to take the role of caregiver and to nag their
spouses to seek care sooner than vice-versa.Earlier attainment of medical care may be one reason why married men have a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality than their single counterparts,” said the researchers.
“Awareness of the differences in reasons for delay by sex could facilitate the development of targeted public health campaigns as a way to reduce patient-caused delay among those at risk,” they concluded.
What do men of today want?
L
ong gone are the days when the ideal woman was the domestic, stayat-home type. Men now lust after women in high-powered jobs. Power seems to have become the ultimate aphrodisiac for modern day men, for a new study has found that two thirds of British men believe the ultimate woman is a strong, sexy executive. Experts say this is not only due to changing gender roles but due to economic hardship men may also be taking a more traditionally female view and looking for a ‘provider’. Research released today shows 66 per cent of men are most attracted to high-flying females, rising to 71 per cent among 30 to 34 year old men. A girl who is strong, independent and professional is likely to be far more appealing to the modern male, according to the study by games company Electronic Arts. Now 18 per cent of men look for a partner who’s fun, 14 per cent want a woman who can stand up for themselves and nine per cent value spontaneity. A further 35 per cent said they like so-called ‘bad girls’ like Hollywood actresses Angelina Jolie, Megan Fox and Welsh singer Charlotte Church. “Finances are harder than ever, and men who may once have been scared of a powerful, successful woman, have wised up,” the Daily Mail quoted relationship expert Jo Barnett as saying.’ “They are now embracing it, as someone who is financially independent is a very alluring option. “Also, media has sold us the powerful, executive woman as a very sexy image today.’ “Women who have it all have a buzz about them, they are not so readily available and the guys flock to them,” Barnett added.
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LIFESTYLE
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Emmanuel Jal: a Child of War, a Voice of Peace
B
orn in the village of Tonj in Southern Sudan, Jal was a young child when the Second Sudanese Civil War broke out. His father joined the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) and when he was about seven years old his mother was killed by soldiers loyal to the government.[1] He then decided to join the thousands of children traveling to Ethiopia who had been told that they could be educated there. However, many of the children, Jal included, were recruited by the SPLA and taken to military training camps in the bush in Ethiopia. The camp was disguised as a school in front of international aid agencies and UN representatives, but behind closed doors the children were training to fight. “I didn’t have a life as a child. In five years as a fighting boy, what was in my heart was to kill as many Muslims as possible.” Jal spent several years fighting with the SPLA in Ethiopia, until war broke in and out, there too and the child soldiers were forced back into Sudan by the fighting and joined the SPLA’s efforts to fight the government in the town of Juba. “Many kids there were so bitter, they wanted to know what happened to them. And we all wanted revenge. When the fighting became unbearable Jal and some other children decided to run away. They were on the move for three months, with many dying on the way, until they reached the town of Waat, which was the headquarter of a small group that had separated themselves from the main SPLA. In Waat, Jal met Emma McCune, a British aid worker married to senior SPLA commandant Riek Machar. Emmanuel was only 11 years old then and McCune insisted he should not be a soldier. She adopted him and smuggled him to Kenya. There Emmanuel attended school in Nairobi. McCune died in a road accident a few months later, but her friends (Madeliene Bunting and Anna Ledgard) helped Emmanuel to continue his studies. However, after McCune died, her husband Machar did not agree with Emmanuel staying with him, and was forced to live in
the slums. Music While studying in Kenya, Jal started singing to ease the pain of what he had experienced. He also became very active in the community, raising money for local street children and refugees. With the encouragement of those around him, Jal became increasingly involved in music and formed several groups. His first single, “All We Need Is Jesus”, was a hit in Kenya and received airplay in the UK. Through his music, Jal counts on the unity of the citizens to overcome ethnic and religious division and motivate the youth in Sudan. After escaping to Kenya, he fell in love with hip hop in the way that it identified issues being faced by the neighborhood, which he was able to identify with in a unique manner. Although he lacked any music background or knowledge of its history, he felt that hip hop could provide the easiest and most effective vehicle to express his story and lobby for political change.[3] He went on to produce his first album, Gua, a mix of rap in Arabic, English, Swahili, Dinka and Nuer. The symbolism of unity is expressed in the title, meaning both “good” in Nuer and “power” in Sudanese Arabic. His lyrics illustrate the desires of the Sudanese people to return to a peaceful, independent homeland. Although the only hip hop Jal had ever listened to was American, while he was in Kenya, the beat to “Gua” is not the usual American hip hop, but rather
is strongly African. The title track, also called “Gua”, was a number one hit in Kenya and featured on The Rough Guide to the Music of Sudan and Help: A Day in the Life, bringing together some of Britain’s best known on a CD in aid of children in conflict zones (produced by War Child). His next single, “War Child”, mixes rap with soul to produce a world music vibe. He begins with telling his story through powerful lyrics; “I’m a war child / I believe I’ve survived for a reason / To tell my story, to touch lives.” He continues the song with the narrative of his life and the pain inflicted upon him. “Written in English, Jal’s second language, the new album [War-Child] may lack the poetic gymnastics of hiphop’s more fluent stars, but the plainness of the words - halfspoken, half-chanted over a mix of hip-hop and Africanflavored choruses - keeps the focus on the story.” His powerful words spread the message of what he has been through, and what many are still living with now. His unique brand of hip hop, layered with African beats, has led him to be considered one of the rising stars in the world music scene. Prior to Jal, rapping in Southern Sudan was primarily in the local language of Nuer and artists used sticks and clapping hands in place of instruments. His second album, Ceasefire, was released in September 2005 and includes a re-recording of “Gua”. This album is a collaboration with the well
of the conflict, and different music traditions, to a common ground of the wish for peace in Sudan. The collaboration represents a vision for the future, as two Sudanese men, a Christian and a Muslim, unify and pave the way to overcome differences peacefully. Both musicians endured unimaginable adversity to become important figures, not only in
music, but in the future of a country. They accentuate the differences between them and their musical styles, as a symbol of co-existence. The album preaches in four languages, encompasses every type of music in one, in an effort to transform the sound of hope into musical form. Ceasefire is not only the sound of two men collaborating on a musical project, but more symbolically, two halves of a divided nation learning to trust each other. This album’s version of “Gua” was played on the American television series ER at the very
Emmanuel Jal during his meet with Nelson Mandela known Sudanese Muslim musician Abd El Gadir Salim and brings together opposing sides
end of the Season 12 episode “There Are No Angels Here” (aired on May 4, 2006).
Among other places he performed at the Live 8 Concert in Cornwall in the summer of 2005. He was awarded a 2005 American Gospel Music Award for best international artist. Jal’s third album, Warchild, was released by Sonic360 Records in the UK on May 12, 2008. Jal, along with an allstar line-up, performed songs at Nelson Mandela’s 90th Birthday concert at London’s Hyde Park on June 27, 2008. www.emmanueljal.com Emmanuel is a spokesman for the Make Poverty History campaign, the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers and the Control Arms campaign. In 2008, Jal also got involved in the musical movement of spreading awareness about current slavery and human trafficking by performing various songs for the rockumentary, A documentary about Emmanuel Jal called War Child was made in 2008 by C. Karim Chrobog. It made its international debut at the Berlin Film Festival and its North American debut at the Tribeca Film Festival, where it won the Cadillac Audience Award. An autobiography under the same name was released in 2009. Despite his accomplishments in music, Jal’s biggest passion is for Gua Africa, a charity that he founded. Besides building schools, the non profit provides scholarships for Sudanese war survivors in refugee camps, and sponsors education for children in the most deprived slum areas in Nairobi., Jal completed a 661-day “Lose to Win” fast to build a school in Leer, Southern Sudan, in Emma McCune’s honor. From December 2008 to October 2010, the musician ate one meal per day, skipping his breakfasts and lunches to raise funds and awareness for the school, called Emma Academy. Emmanuel Jal is expected to perform at the John Garang Mabior Concert on the 9th January 2012 in Juba
Page 14
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
BUSINESS
EAC to build one economic data bank E
Kenyan currency. East African Community members are working to harmonise ways of measuring & collecting economic and social data.
Illegal Money Changers face police in Juba
ast African Community members are working to harmonise ways of measuring and collecting economic and social data as the region prepares to adopt a single currency by June. This, the regional secretariat says, will help forestall a replay of the Euro debt crisis in the region, which is partly blamed on lack of strict policy on how much debt a country can accumulate. “Partner states should harmonise their statistics bureaus. The way of measuring and collecting data should also be harmonised,” East African Community deputy secretarygeneral in-charge of Planning and Infrastructure Enos Buku-
ku, told a media training for journalists at Hotel le Chandelie in Bujumbura, Burundi. The secretariat also called for an effective monetary and enforcement system and penalties for rule breakers. Mr Bukuku, who presented a paper on the problems facing the common market, said bureaus of statistics should emulate central bank governors from the region who have been meeting in that last 10 years. On statistics, Mr Bukuku said: “We are behind in harmonisation of institutions. Unlike Central Bank governors who have been meeting and met recently following problems facing the region’s currencies
nothing has been happening in terms of statistics. States should have the same yardstick on how to measure statistics and have common standards. “There should be macro-economic convergence criteria. It should also be determined how much a government can go in terms of deficit. For instance, it can be a certain percentage of Gross Domestic Product.” He said the community first worked to bring Rwanda and Burundi at the same level with other members in terms of statistics and had helped uplift the two states’ civil aviation standards. He added that EAC countries were moving in the right direction for the success of the common market.
EU Proposes Overhaul of Auditing Rules
By Deng Micheal
Private money changers in Juba are having a hard time with the authorities since Mayor Mohamed Alhaj Babala issued an injunction on the practice last October 8th. It followed efforts a month earlier by the Juba City Council and the Ministry of Interior to eliminate black market currency operations. On October 13 and 14 officials from the Juba City Council and the Ministry of Interior accompanied police squads as they rounded up scores of money changers on the streets of Juba. “We have now joined the state police and the national police to operate together,” confirmed Deputy Minister of Interior, Salva Mathok. During the two joint operations, 41 people were arrested and a large sum of money in different currencies confiscated. The Deputy Mayor of Juba, David Lokonga, said the authorities are determined to put an end to illegal money transactions. “In the first swoop nine people were rounded up and we seized 482,479 South Sudanese Pounded from them.
And again on the 14th another crackdown was carried out. About 32 people were arrested. We collected 81,842 South Sudanese Pounds, 9,645 US Dollars, 32,686,000 Uganda Shillings and 33,000 Kenya Shillings,” Lokonga said. All those arrested were released on the same day, but went home without the money, which was confiscated pending investigation. Juba City Council has set up five special courts to try cases of illegal money changing, forgery, circulation of fake currency, armed robbery, and violation of other City Council regulations. Recently, private money changers have been accused of being the source of counterfeit money circulating in Juba, a claim they refute. “Where do we get fake money from? We are people from the cattle ranch with no idea of the materials or machines used for counterfeits,” Abraham Burgo argued. “It is the government that knows where fake money is coming from. We just sell our cows and come here with the money.”
The European Union Wednesday proposed new rules for auditors that could radically change the industry, including a ban on audit firms offering most non-auditing services to their clients. The European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, also wants to require the largest audit firms to place their audit businesses into a separate legal entity. The changes are intended to end cozy relationships between auditors and their clients and boost competition in a market now dominated by four major firms. The EU is responding to criticism that fundamental problems in the industry’s business model led auditors to ignore mounting risks at banks and other firms before the financial crisis hit in 2008. Among the problems, critics say, is that audit firms typically provide a range of financial
services to their clients, giving them incentives to go easy on audits so they don’t lose revenue by harming the overall relationship. Also, the absence of competition to the so-called “Big Four”--KPMG, Ernst & Young, PricewaterhouseCoopers and Deloitte LLP--allows them to become entrenched with clients after years of work, threatening their “professional skepticism,” the commission says. “Investor confidence in audit has been shaken by the crisis and I believe changes in this sector are necessary: we need to restore confidence in the financial statements of companies,” Michel Barnier, the EU’s commissioner for financial regulation said in a statement. The commission’s proposed rules would apply mainly to audits of large firms--”public interest entities” in EU jargon. Auditors would be forbidden
from offering a range of financial services to the firms they audit, including book-keeping, accounting, tax advice and legal services. Companies will have to change their auditors every six years or after nine years if two audit firms are used. But the commission backed away from a provision it was considering to require large companies to use more than one auditor to encourage competition for the biggest auditing contracts. The commission estimates the cost of the new rules could range from EUR90,000 to EUR150,000 a year for companies with a market capitalization or balance sheets over EUR100 million. The commission’s proposals are just the first step. The European parliament and national governments must approve the changes for them to become law, a process that could take more than a year.
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
INSIGHT
Manager and Management Contribution
By Active Nation Team
A manager is a manager regardless of where he or she manages.
P
articular categories of managerial behavior are often grouped under three headings: interpersonal relationships, transfer of information and decision making. A careful study of seven chief executives at work was undertaken and what was discovered were several long held notions about the manager’s job. For instance, in contrast to the predominant views at the time it was seen that managers now were reflective thinkerswho carefully and systematically processed information before making a decision. The managers studied, engaged in a large number of varied, un-patterned and short duration activities. These managers have little time for reflective thinking because they encountered constant interruptions. Half of these managers’ activities lasted less than nine minutes. In addition to these insights, a categorization scheme was provided for dealing with what manag-
ers do on the basis of actual managers on the job, which is commonly referred to as ‘managerial roles’. It was concluded that managers perform 10 different but highly interrelated roles. The term managerial roles refers to specific categories of managerial behavior. These roles as shown below can be grouped under three primary headings: interpersonal relationships, the transfer of information and decision making. It was considered to be the universal applicability of management activities. That is manager is a manager regardless of where he or she manages. If management is truly a generic discipline, then what a manager does should be essentially the same regardless of whether he or she is a top level executive or a first line supervisor; in a business firm, a government agency; in a large corporation or a small business
or located in salt Lake, Kolkata, or Salt Lake City, USA. Levels in the organization: We have already acknowledged that the importance of managerial roles varies depending on the manager’s level in the organization. But the fact that a supervisor in a claims department doesn’t do exactly the same things that the president of the Company does. It should not be interpreted to mean that their jobs are inherently different. As managers move up in the organization, they do more planning and less direct overseeing of others. This distinction is visually depicted. All managers, regardless of level, make decisions. They perform planning, organizing, leading and controlling activities, but the amount of time they give to each activity is not necessarily constant. In addition, the content of the managerial activities changes with the manager’s level. For example, as we have top managers focus on designing the overall organization’s structure, whereas lower level managers focus on designing the jobs of individuals and work groups. A manager must be, Symbolic head; obliged to perform a number of routine duties of a legal or social nature Leader: Responsible for the motivation and activation of employees; responsible for staffing, training and associated duties Performing virtually all activities that involve employees Maintains self developed network of outside contacts and informers who provide favors and information. Acknowledging mail; doing external board work; performing other activities that involve outsiders. Seek and receive wide variety of special information (much of it current) to
develop thorough understanding of organization and environment; emerges as a nerve center of internal and external information about the organization. Reading periodic reports; maintaining personal contacts. Transmits information received from other employees to members of the organization – some information is factual, some involves interruption and integration of diverse value positions of organizational influences. Holding information and making phone calls to relay information. Spokesperson: Transmits information to outsiders on organization’s plans, policies, actions, results, etc. serves as an expert on organization’s industry Holding board meetings; giving information to the media. Decisional Entrepreneur: Searches organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates improvement projects to bring about change, supervises design of certain projects as well Organizing strategy and review sessions to develop new programs Disturbance handler: Responsible for corrective action when organization faces important disturbances Organizing strategy and review sessions that involve disturbances and crises Responsible for the allocation of organizational resources of all kinds – in effect, the making or approval of all significant organizational decisions Scheduling; requesting authorization; performing any activity that involves budgeting and the programming of employees’ work. Responsible for representing the organization at major negotiations Participating in union contract negotiations or in those with suppliers
THE HOLY FATHER BETWEEN TWO RAINS
By Jonathan Mayen Nguen Bless are those pure in hearts, mind and believe in righteous and forgiveness. Tolerance being their gate out for various grievances afflicted on them. For some of the years past, we have been and still making journey to Parial
cities, towns and villages in advocacy of their traditional of celebrating anniversaries, being of peaceful and conflict resolutions among themselves, far and near. This time we are visiting jameith village and some nearby cattle camps like ‘’Panyinying’’ with its holy places and enough pasture for the cattle to feed in throughout the year. ‘’Panyinying ‘’ is near to Jameith . It lies about five miles from it and people come in the mornings to the village and return to it in the evenings. It lies on shores of nearby rivers at their horizons. Jameith village has been and still Prosperous village throughout many generations. It is full of many things. There is adequate food throughout the season of the year. Its people are hard working people living on self reliance because they usually identify their
priorities. The Holy Father between two rains rarely eats much food stuff but only drink milk and honey. He knew many traditional medicines he inherited from the knowledge of ancestors from his grand parents. The Holy Father used not to be afraid of wild animals species , birds and insects in their various locations and gatherings from small to big ones. Even those who could not fly but run and fly briefly like guinea fowls. The Holy Father used not to be afraid of wild animals because he had a righteous thin stick from un known tree till today which he used to sway wild animals. Its secrect was only to him, propably, his grand parents told him. He used to mediate to God in private. In his village, there were many shrines of his predecessors like Dengit, Ring
and many other early beliefs. He spent most of his time in silence and in some cases speak to little or small children, chatting with them and was linked by many of them. The strange things with this Holy Father is when he is on a journey and the rain is falling, or raining, it will rain in front and behind him and in the middle of his walk there will not be rain falling upon him. Continuous dry will surround him until the rain will stop with his feet without alittle mud or water, but dust as he started his journey. The Holy father knew when he would die because most of his grand parents usually predict when any of them would depart from this earth, giving well wishes to their next generations. The Holy Father still being remembered as a super being in the area that ever lived.
Page 20
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
INTERNATIONAL
Pakistan boycotts Afghanistan conference services retain influence over the Taliban and other militant groups. On Tuesday a meeting of the Pakistani cabinet announced a boycott. “Pakistan has decided not to attend the Bonn conference as a protest,” a government official said after a cabinet meeting chaired by Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani in Lahore. The death of 24 Pakistani soldiers in a Nato air strike early on Saturday morning has driven a wedge between Pakistan and the US, threatening to end their co-operation Pakistani tribesmen burn a NATO flag during a protest in Islamabad a NATO strike on Pakistan troops
P
akistan will boycott an international conference on Afghanistan’s future in Bonn next week in protest at a Nato air strike cross-border attack that killed two dozen of its soldiers on Pakistani soil and plunged the region deeper into
crisis. Islamabad has already halted Nato supply convoys heading for the border and has warned the US there can be no “business as usual”. Pakistan’s withdrawal will be a blow to the German hosts of a
conference intended to plot a course towards peace. More than 90 countries are due to take part in the Bonn conference, however its success has long hinged on the participation of Pakistan. Its military and intelligence
The death of 24 Pakistani soldiers in a Nato air strike early on Saturday morning has driven a wedge between Pakistan and the US, threatening to end their cooperation against militants along the Afghan border. Pakistan insists the attack was unprovoked and is believed
to be using the incident to extract concessions from the US to increase its role in any settlement in Afghanistan. However, anonymous US officials have blamed Taliban militants for provoking a deadly cross-border firefight. According to a U.S. military report, described to the Associated Press news agency, a joint U.S. and Afghan patrol requested backup after being hit by mortar and small arms fire by militants in the early hours of Saturday. It said the patrol first checked with the Pakistani military which said it had no troops in the area. Some two hours later, still hunting the insurgents who had by now apparently fled in the direction of Pakistani border posts, the U.S. commander spotted what he thought was a militant encampment, with heavy weapons mounted on tripods. Records show the aerial response included Apache attack helicopters and an AC130 gunship.
Russia activates missile early warning radar system Russia has turned on a new incoming missile early warning system in its westernmost region in response to US plans for a missile shield in Europe. President Dmitry Medvedev ordered the system to be activated on a visit to the radar unit in Kaliningrad, a Baltic region bordering EU countries. The unit is equipped with the new Voronezh-DM radar system. Mr Medvedev has warned Russian missiles could be deployed on the EU’s borders if the shield is installed. Washington wants an antimissile shield ready by 2020, arguing that it is necessary to provide protection from the potential missile threat posed by countries like Iran. Under President George W Bush, the US had initially intended to locate major parts of the shield in Poland and the Czech Republic, but Russia objected vigorously. When Barack Obama took office in the White House, he scaled back the original ambitions.
“Nato’s missile defence system [is] designed to defend against threats from outside Europe not designed to alter balance of deterrence,” Nato chief Anders Fogh Rasmussen said in a recent tweet. In a statement carried by Russian news agencies, Mr Medvedev said: “I expect that this step will be seen by our partners as the first signal of the readiness of our country to make an adequate response to the threats which the missile shield poses for our strategic nuclear forces.” Quoted by Interfax, he said: “If our signal is ignored... we will deploy other means of defence including the adoption of tough counter-measures and the deployment of a strike group.” Mr Medvedev has spoken of deploying Iskander missiles modern versions of the mobile Scud surface-to-surface missile - in Kaliningrad. Last week, he said Russia was ready to listen to new antimissile defence proposals from “Western partners” but
assurances were not enough. “Verbal statements, unfortunately, do not guarantee the defence of our interests,” the Russian president said. “If other steps are taken then, naturally, we are ready to listen to them but, in any case, verbal statements are not enough.” The radar system activated on Mr Medvedev’s orders was installed this year at Pionerskoye, Kaliningrad, and is meant to replace older systems in Ukraine and Belarus, according to Russian news website lenta.ru. With an operating range of 6,000km (3,730 miles), the Voronezh DM can cover “all of Europe and the Atlantic”, according to the Russian military. It is designed to detect space and aerodynamic targets, including ballistic and cruise missiles. Iran’s nuclear programme and its development of long-range missiles have alarmed Western states, despite Tehran’s assurances it is not seeking weapons of mass destruction.
Russia has said it may deploy Iskander ballistic missile launchers
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
INTERNATIONAL
Katia Zatuliveter was not syping for Russians, commission rules K atia Zatuliveter, a former parliamentary aide who was accused of being a Russian spy has won her battle to remain in the Britain after arguing that she was not passing secrets to Moscow. Zatuliveter, 26, convinced the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (Siac) that she was not liaising with Russian spies while working for MP Mike Hancock, a member of the Defence Select Committee, with whom she had an affair. Despite not being allowed to attend large parts of the Siac hearing - much of it held behind closed doors with evidence from security services spies - Zatuliveter convinced the panel she was not a danger to national security. The Home Office said it was disappointed with the ruling. A spokeswoman said: “National security is the primary duty of government and we will take all necessary steps to protect the public
Miss Zatuliveter, 26, has admitted having sexual relationships with a string of men with powerful connections including a four-year affair with the Liberal Democrat MP Mike Hancock
from individuals we believe pose a threat and remove them from the UK. “The court ruled that there were ample grounds for suspicion.
“We are therefore very disappointed by the court’s judgment and stand by our decision to pursue deportation on national security grounds.” Miss Zatuliveter smiled as Mr
A protest against UK sanctions has been taking place outside the British embassy in Tehran
C Iran protesters break into UK embassy in Tehran Protesters in the Iranian capital, Tehran, have broken into the UK embassy compound during an antiBritish demonstration, reports say. Militant students are said to have removed the British flag, burnt it and replaced it with the Iranian flag. They were also shown live on Iranian state TV throwing stones at embassy windows and breaking them. The move comes after Iran resolved to reduce ties following the UK’s decision to impose further sanctions on it. The students clashed with
anti-riot police and chanted “the embassy of Britain should be taken over” and “death to England”, AP reports. One protester was reported to be waving a framed picture of Queen Elizabeth II. On Sunday, Iran’s parliament voted by a large majority to downgrade diplomatic relations with the UK after the UK Treasury imposed sanctions on Iranian banks the previous week, accusing them of facilitating the country’s nuclear programme. Iran says its nuclear programme is for peaceful purposes only.
Justice Mitting announced that she had won her appeal to remain. Her solicitor, Tess Gregory, said: “Katia is, of course, delighted by the judgment and
hopes to now put this episode behind her. “However, it should not have taken 12 months of costly legal proceedings to reach today’s outcome. “If the Security Service, like the court, had rigorously analysed the available evidence, they would never have concluded that she was a Russian spy and we would not be here today. “Our Security Service is supposed to be responsible for protecting us against serious threats to national security. “It is therefore extremely worrying that they have chosen to waste their time, at great public expense, needlessly and unfairly pursuing an innocent young woman. “Their case was built entirely on speculation, prejudice and conjecture. “It was amateur, poorly researched and compared very unfavourwably to the counterespionage work conducted by the FBI in recent years.”
Norwegian mass murderer Breivik insane, may avoid jail
ourt-appointed psychiatrists have concluded that Norwegian mass killer Anders Behring Breivik is criminally insane, a prosecutor said last week, meaning he may be committed to a psychiatric institution indefinitely rather than sent to jail. Breivik killed 77 people in July by bombing central Oslo and then gunning down dozens of mostly teenagers at a summer camp for the ruling Labour Party’s youth wing. “The conclusion is ... is that he is insane,” prosecutor Svein Holden told a news conference. “He lives in his own delusional universe and his thoughts and acts are governed by this universe.” If the court accepts the psychiatrists’ conclusions, the anti-immigration militant could be held as long as he poses a threat to society and may be released if found to be healthy. Norwegian courts can challenge psychiatric
Breivik killed 77 people in July by bombing central Oslo and then gunning down dozens of mostly teenagers at a summer camp
evaluations or order new tests but it is rare for them to reject such a professional opinion. If the evaluation is upheld, Breivik would not be put on criminal trial but would face a court hearing to rule on his criminal insanity and the length of his commitment to a psychiatric institution. Breivik could then face similar
hearings periodically to determine if he needs to remain committed, and could be held for life if he remained a threat. Holden said Breivik had developed paranoid schizophrenia and was psychotic at the time of the attacks, and that his condition was persisting.
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TECHNOLOGY
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
How Much Does the earth weigh? S ince the Earth is suspended in space, “ Weighing” it is not the same thing as putting a subject on a scale. When we speak of the weight of the earth, We mean the amount of Matter that it adds up to. This is called its mass. The earth’s mass is about 6,600 trillion tons. To give you an idea of how the number looks, Here it is 6,600,000,000,000,000,000,000 . How did scientists find out this was the mass of the earth? To do this, they used a principle based on the fact that any two objects attract each other. This is what the force of gravity depends on. Put it in simple term, the low of gravity states that objects are attracted by a force that on their mass and their distance apart. The greater the force that pulls them together, the further apart they are, the smaller the force. To measure the weight of the earth, the following is done: a small weight is suspended from a string. The exact position of the weight is measured. Now a tone of lead is brought near the hanging weight. There is an attraction between the
How did scientists find out the mass of the earth?
weight and the lead, and this causes the weight to be pulled just a tiny bit of line. (Actually, it is less that 0.00002mm), so you can see how carefully the measuring must be done. After this is measured, scientists can use mathematics to figure out the weight of the earth. They have measured the power of the earth’s attraction on the weight, and they have measured the power of the one tone lead’s attraction on the suspended weight and the relative difference can be calculated and this tells them the actual mass of the earth. What is the mass of made? There is the crust of rock: then a layer called the mantel, which is also solid rock and goes down about one thousand eight hundred miles: and the enormous part which is the core and is about two thousand one miles in radius. The Material of the core is liquid because of the great heat in the core of the earth
Fire in the Sky: iPhone Ignites on Australian Flight
An Apple iPhone 4 began emitting smoke and appeared to spontaneously combust on a recent Regional Express flight to Sydney, Australia.
A
n iPhone began smoking and glowing red during a flight to Australia recently, according to the airline Regional Express. While mobile device flare-ups have been known to occasionally
happen with Apple products as well as those made by a wide range of other manufacturers, they’re relatively few and far between. The phone was emitting a significant amount of dense smoke, accompanied by a red
glow, according to Regional Express. Standard safety procedures were followed and no one on board was injured. The phone was handed over to the Australian Transport Safety Bureau for further investigation. No such incident had happened on a Regional Express flight before, a spokesperson for the airline said, and there was nothing otherwise significant or unusual about that flight in particular. Apple Explosions It’s not the first time an Apple product has apparently spontaneously combusted. Reports of flaming iPods and iPhones burning users or starting small fires have come up in the past, such as a 2009 report from Liverpool, England, where a father claimed his daughter’s iPod touch exploded; he was reportedly offered a new one on the condition he sign a confidentiality agreement. That and other reports, such as an iPhone 3G burning a significant hole through a car sear, have not been confirmed by the company.
In some cases it’s been found that other technologies are at fault. For example, in 2010, a user reportedly complained that an iPhone 4 caught fire and burned his hand; it was later concluded that a faulty USB port was to blame. However, when a mobile gadget does flame up on its own, it’s often related in some way to the device’s battery. Apple has in the past recalled its first-generation iPod nanos sold between September 2005 and December 2006 because of the risk of batteries overheating. However, the problem isn’t limited to Apple or handheld devices. “There have been several issues with these batteries in the past, although the vast majority of the problems were with laptop batteries,” Bill Morelli, director of mobile technologies and convergence at IMS Research, told MacNewsWorld. “A few years back there were several issues with laptop batteries manufactured by Sony (NYSE: SNE) that were related to problems in the manufacturing and ultimately led to a recall,” Lithium Lags
Part of the reason mobile device battery safety risks persist is because of the highly complex chemistry needed to develop longer-lasting battery power. While advances in areas such as hardware and integrated systems have made giant leaps over the past decade, lithium ion battery technology is still a relatively recent development. “Battery science is unfortunately a limited science and does not follow advancements like Moore’s Law with semiconductors,” Ben Bajarin, director of Creative Strategies, told MacNewsWorld. In larger-scale products such as battery-powered automobiles, the limitations pose a much greater challenge. On the consumer device level, though, the safety hazards aren’t usually so great that a recall is necessary. In the case of an iPhone or another mobile handset, especially, reports of mobile device flare-ups are relatively few and far between. “There have been nowidespread reports of problems with the iPhone batteries, so I suspect this particular incident is more of an anomaly,” said Morelli.
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ENVIRONMENT
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Scores of elephants die in Zimbabwe heat wave
National park has seen temperatures soar to above 104 degrees
Scores of elephants have died in a three-month heat wave that has dried up watering holes in western Zimbabwe, wildlife authorities said . Rangers in the Hwange National Park have counted 18 calves and 21 adolescent
elephants among the dead animals, the state Parks and Wildlife Authority said in statement. Elephant carcasses were found mainly in large areas of bush surrounding three tourism and conservation camps in Zimbabwe’s
biggest nature preserve. Since September, Hwange National Park has seen temperatures soar to above 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 C), far higher than annual averages. “Our information is that animals are dying of thirst right across the park,” said Johnny Rodrigues, head of the independent Zimbabwe Conservation Task Force. The Hwange National Park has no year-round rivers and little natural surface water, making it dependent on wells supplying artificial watering holes known as pans. An adult elephant needs nearly 50 gallons (200 liters) of water a day. But some watering holes have broken down because of scarce funding, the state wildlife authority said. Rodrigues said voluntary animal welfare groups helped provide pumping
equipment for some of the 60 watering holes in the preserve. Many now need replacement pumps and the underfunded state authority has failed to keep them maintained or buy spare parts and gasoline. He said private conservation groups also installed solar pumps and windmills to draw water from the wells. “There’s very little wind at
An adult elephant needs nearly 50 gallons (200 liters) of water a day. this time of year and the solar pumps can’t provide the amount of water required by the number of animals reaching them” and overwhelming the pans, he said. Park officials said more than 77 elephants have died.
Some media reports said an estimated 100 elephants have died in the park. An estimated 30,000 elephants live in the massive preserve, along with giraffes, lions and most other game animals. Independent conservationists say the death toll of elephants, buffalo, zebra and antelope species could be larger in many inaccessible areas of the park. The reserve is 9,000 square miles (14,000 square kilometer) and adjacent to the western border with neighboring Botswana. The state authority’s statement said officials estimated that the death of the 77 elephants represents a loss of $1.5 million in “compensation value,” the term used for animals lost to poaching or unforeseen deaths.
Earth in danger as time runs out for deal at climate talks Time is quickly running out to strike a deal at global climate talks to save a Kyoto Protocol in its death throes and make major cuts in the greenhouse gas emissions that scientists blame for rising temperatures, wilder weather and crop failures. Major parties have been at loggerheads for years, warnings of climate disaster are becoming more dire and diplomats worry whether host South Africa is up to the challenge of brokering the tough discussions among nearly 200 countries that run from Nov. 28 to Dec. 9 in the coastal city of Durban. There are glimmers of hope a deal can be reached on a fund to finance projects for developing countries hardest hit by climate change, and that advanced economies responsible for most global emissions will take it on their own to make deeper cuts at the talks known as the Conference of the Parties, or COP 17. There is also a chance of a political deal to keep Kyoto alive with a new set of binding targets, but only the European Union, New Zealand, Australia, Norway and Switzerland are likely to sign up at best. Any accord depends on China and the United States, the world’s top emitters, agreeing binding action under a wider deal by 2015, something both have resisted for years.
“Expectations are already at rock bottom regarding an international climate change architecture at the summit, and there is no reason to expect any upside,” said Divya Reddy of the political risk consultancy Eurasia Group. The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997 and entered into force in 2005, commits most developed states to binding targets on greenhouse gas emissions. The talks in the South African city of Durban offer delegates their last chance to set another round of fixed targets before the first period commitment ends in 2012. The major players are at each other’s throats on extending Kyoto. The United States still has not ratified the accord, the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases China is unwilling to make any commitments until Washington does, and Russia, Japan and Canada say they will not sign up for a second commitment period unless the biggest emitters do too. Emerging countries insist Kyoto must be extended and that rich nations, which have historically emitted most greenhouse gas pollution, should take on tougher targets to ensure they do their fair share in the fight against climate change. Developing nations say carbon caps could hurt their growth and programmes to lift millions out of poverty.
On top of the acrimony, the global financial crisis, with mounting debt woes in the euro zone and the United States, makes it even more difficult to find financing and for states to take on emissions cuts that could hurt their growth prospects. PLANET UNDER THREAT The stakes are growing increasingly high, with many experts calling for immediate action. This month, two separate U.N. reports said greenhouse gases have reached record levels in the atmosphere while a warming climate is expected to lead to heavier rainfall, more floods, stronger cyclones and more intense droughts. Despite individual emissionscut pledges from countries and the terms of the Kyoto pact, the United Nations, International Energy Agency and others say this is not enough to prevent the planet heating up beyond 2 degrees Celsius. Global average temperatures could rise by 3-6 degrees by the end of the century if governments fail to contain greenhouse gas emissions, bringing unprecedented destruction as glaciers melt and sea levels rise, the OECD said on Thursday. The warning from the OECD, whose main paymasters are the United States and other developed economies, underscored fears that
the commitment to curb climateheating gases could falter at a time when much of the world is deep in debt. RINGING HOLLOW “It is inevitable that a lot of the key players are both distracted and cautious about taking actions they would see as costly,” said Jennifer Haverkamp, director of the international climate programme of the Environmental Defense Fund. Support for the fund could ring hollow because the United Nations says it remains an empty shell awaiting new pledges from cash-strapped governments. Rich nations have committed to a goal of providing $100 billion a year in climate cash by 2020, which the Green Climate Fund will help manage. But the United States and Saudi Arabia have objected to some aspect of its design. South Africa has said it wants to advance an African agenda at the conference but is seen by many diplomats as not having the diplomatic muscle or prestige to broker complex talks. As the world’s poorest continent, Africa is also the most vulnerable to the extreme weather conditions and rising sea levels brought by climate change. In the Horn of Africa, some 13 million people are going hungry due to prolonged drought. In Somalia, the crisis is compounded by conflict.
“Agriculture is the most threatened of all sectors. It’s likely that yields in Africa will fall between 20 and 30 percent absent very large adaptation investments,” said World Bank Climate envoy Andrew Steer. Todd Stern, the U.S. envoy for climate change, said in a teleconference with journalists this week that Washington was committed to funding climate initiatives but it saw aspect of the U.N. plans as “problematic”. Stern also said despite the differences heading into Durban, deliberations and deadlines were powerful forces, which should help bring about a positive outcome. But Ian Fry, negotiator for the tiny island state of Tuvalu that is threatened with being wiped out by rising sea levels, said he felt COP would deliver little, with major powers to blame. “For small island states this is a total disaster and will have serious implications. They are playing Russian roulette with us with all the chambers loaded with bullets,” Fry said.
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
HEALTH
HEALTH
Doctor brain drain costs Africa $2 billion
Sub-Saharan African countries that invest in training doctors have ended up losing $2 billion as the expert clinicians leave home to find work in more prosperous developed nations.
A
study by Canadian scientists found that South Africa and Zimbabwe suffer the worst economic losses due to doctors emigrating, while Australia, Canada, Britain and the United States benefit the most from recruiting doctors trained abroad. The scientists, led by
Edward Mills, chair of global health at the University of Ottawa, called on destination countries to recognize this imbalance and invest more in training and developing health systems in the countries that lose out. “Many wealthy destination countries, which also train fewer doctors than are
required, depend on immigrant doctors to make up the shortfall,” Mills’ team wrote in a study, which was published in the British Medical Journal. “Developing countries are effectively paying to train staff who then support the health services of developed countries.” Experts say the
migration, or “brain drain,” of trained health workers from poorer countries to richer ones exacerbates the problem of already weak health systems in low-income countries battling epidemics of infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) and malaria. CRITICAL SHORTAGE The World Health Organization adopted a code of practice in 2010 on international recruitment of health personnel that highlighted the problem of doctor brain drains and called on wealthy countries to offer financial help to poorer ones affected. The code is seen as particularly important for sub-Saharan Africa, which suffers from a critical shortage of doctors and has a high prevalence of diseases such as HIV, TB and
malaria. The latest United Nations global HIV/ AIDS report released on Monday found that 68 percent of the around 34 million people worldwide who have the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS live in Africa. Using various data including published reports on primary and secondary school spending from UNESCO, Mills’ team estimated the cost of educating a doctor through primary, secondary and medical school in nine subSaharan countries with some of the world’s highest rates of HIV. The countries studied included Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The research team then added the figures together to estimate how much the origin countries paid to train doctors and how much
the destination countries saved in employing them. The results show that these governments spend between $21,000, the figure for Uganda, and $59,000, in South Africa, to train a doctor, only to see them in many cases migrate to richer countries. “Among the nine sub-Saharan African countries most affected by HIV/AIDS, more than $2 billion of investment was lost through the emigration of trained doctors,” the researchers said. “Our results indicate that South Africa incurs the highest costs for medical education and the greatest lost returns on investment.” The findings suggested the benefit to Britain was around $2.7 billion, and to the United States was around $846 million. Australia was estimated to have benefited to the tune of $621 million and Canada was $384 million better off.
Parents face inquiry for treating son with alternative medicine
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couple who treated their sick fouryear-old son with alternative medicine are being investigated for manslaughter, Italian police have said. Luca Monsellato’s father Marcello is a practitioner of homeopathic medicine Luca Monsellato was taken to hospital with a high fever and cold symptoms but failed to respond to emergency medical treatment and died. His parents, Marcello and Giovanna Pantaleo, told doctors they had been treating his apparent threeweek cold with fennel tea – a popular homeopathic remedy for coughs – in an attempt to keep his fever under control. They eventually took him to hospital when his condition
worsened. Staff at the hospital described Luca as looking “pale, thin and breathless”. Mr Monsellato, 52, of the southern Italian town of Tricase, close to Lecce, has been a doctor of alternative medicine for more than 20 years. He is honorary president of Italy’s Homeopathic Sinergy Association and an expert on acupuncture. He told staff at the hospital how his son had been suffering from the effects of a cold for three weeks and they had given him fennel tea instead of other medical treatment. Prosecutor Alberto Santacatterina said: “A manslaughter investigation has been opened against the parents of little Luca. We are looking into the
events that surrounded his death and whether they were responsible by not giving him proper medical treatment when he was ill.” The couple, who have been bailed, have denied any wrongdoing through their lawyer, Alfredo Cardigliano, who said the family were thinking of bringing negligent charges against doctors at the hospital for not looking after their son properly. A message on the website of the Homeopathic Sinergy Association said: “We are united in our condolences to honorary president Dr Marcello Monsellato and his family for the loss of little Luca. “We fully support Dr Monsellato who in 30 years of practice has worked with love and professionalism with thousands of patients
who have turned to him for help in dealing with the difficulties of their illnesses. “His figure incarnates the image of a doctor, whose only objective is the wellbeing of his patient.” An autopsy performed by forensic pathologist Alberto Tortorella ruled that Luca had died from natural causes but police said they were still investigating his parents actions. Italy’s Bioethics Committee also spoke out and in a statement said that ‘’medical practices that were not scientifically based could not substitute those that were scientifically proven.’’ However Fausto Panni, head of Omeoimpresse, the association which overseas the supply of homeopathic remedies said:’’The latest
A manslaughter investigation has been opened against the parents of little Luca. statistics show that during the last five years just 21 people have had side effects from homeopathic medicine with no fatalities. ‘’That compares to many who have died as a result of medical malpractice or adverse reactions to
medicine.’’ Homeopathy is popular in Italy with more than 5,000 homeopathic doctors treating more than three million people a year but it has no legal entity and there is no formal register of those who practice the treatment.
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
PICTURE OF DAY Half a million Russians queue to see belt of the Virgin Mary RoboCop’ guards to patrol South Korean prisons
A group of scientists has developed the robot warders under a one billion won (£546,000) project organised by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. Robot guards with sensors to detect abnormal behaviour will soon begin patrolling South Korean prisons to ease the burden on their human counterparts, researchers said on Thursday. The robots – 1.5 metres (five feet) high and running on four wheels – will mostly be used at night. They can connect prisoners with officers through a remote conversation function, according to a statement from the Asian Forum for Corrections (AFC), a South
Korea-based group of researchers in criminality and prison policies. It pioneered the project with the justice ministry’s cooperation. The robots’ sensors will enable them to detect abnormalities such as suicidal behaviour and violence and report it to officers in charge, the statement said. Professor Lee Baik-Chul of Kyonggi University, who led the design process and heads the AFC, said it was intended to let human guards focus more on correction and rehabilitation efforts. “As we’re almost done with creating its key operating system, we are now working on refining its details to make it look more friendly to inmates,” Lee was quoted by Yonhap news agency as saying. Three robots will be tested at a correctional facility in the southeastern city of Pohang next March when development is completed. South Korea aims to be a world leader in robotics. It has already designed models to teach English in schools, stand guard on the border with North Korea, fight taekwondo bouts, act in plays and clean a home.
DID YOU KNOW Braving sub-zero temperatures and a line stretching several kilometres, almost half a million Russians queued this week to venerate a relic of the Virgin Mary brought to Moscow from Greece. The Moscow authorities said 400,000 people had waited outside Moscow’s vast Cathedral of Christ the Saviour since The Belt of the Virgin Mary relic arrived on Saturday. Around 82,000 were queuing on Thursday alone. In an extraordinary display of the strength of Orthodox Christianity in postSoviet Russia, the
faithful have stood in a queue stretching five kilometres (three miles). The Belt of the Virgin Mary is believed to help women’s fertility and cure illnesses. It toured ten other Russian cities before arriving in the capital. “There is something I need to ask. Nobody in this line is here just for fun,” said 40-yearold Ivan, who was waiting at the front of the line for his wife and child. He said venerating the belt is especially meaningful since it rarely leaves Mount Athos, a Greek peninsula with very strict visitation policy, where only men are allowed to go.
Man slaps Indian agriculture minister in the face A man slapped India’s agriculture minister in the face in an attempt to draw attention to rising food prices and corruption. Sharad Pawar was talking to reporters at a political function when the man attacked him. TV news reports said the man was shouting slogans about inflated food prices and graft. Television footage showed the man brandishing a knife as he was dragged away by security officials and Pawar’s aides.
“Don’t you know why I hit him? The common man is distressed. Am I wrong?” he shouted as he was being taken away. CNN-IBN TV reported that the man was detained by police. Pawar was not seriously hurt. Such incidents have become increasingly common in India, where ministers and other officials have had shoes thrown at them and their offices ransacked by angry citizens.
Harvinder Singh is detained by police in New Delhi after slapping India’s agriculture minister Sharad Pawar in the face
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SPORTS
ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
PROMOTE YOUR BUSINESS AND SERVICES FOR ONLY 500,000
AC Milan only interested in loan deal for Manchester City’s Carlos Tevez
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The Italian giants are not ruling out a move for the troubled City frontman in the New Year, but are adamant they will be making no permanent signings until the summer
C Milan are only interested in signing Manchester City striker Carlos Tevez on loan in January, the club’s vice-president Adriano Galliani has revealed. Tevez is desperate to leave the Etihad Stadium and advisor Kia Joorabchian has held talks with Milan in the last week in an attempt to broker a deal before the transfer window opens in the New Year, with City reportedly only willing to consider a permanent transfer. But while Galliani admits the long-term absence of Antonio Cassano after heart surgery means Milan could be in the
market for a striker, he remains adamant the Italian giants are only interested in a loan deal with an option to sign at the end of the season.
Carlo tevez was punished for failling to appear in a champions league match at MAN CITY
“Whoever comes to Milan in January will be on loan for free, with an option to make that stay permanent,” he told Gazzetta dello Sport. “Tevez? We will see, there’s time. Probably if we had not had [Antonio] Cassano’s situation, we would remain as we are.”
Franck Ribery believes Bayern Munich are closing the gap to Barcelona and Real Madrid
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ayern Munich winger Franck Ribery believes that his side are slowly catching Barcelona and Real Madrid as he hailed the influence that Jupp Heynckes has had at the club since taking the reins at the Allianz Arena. Ribery has returned to form this season after a disappointing 2010-11 campaign, and the Frenchman believes that Heynckes has had a positive influence on his career. “I get along with him [Heynckes] brilliantly. I feel his trust, his human touch. He talks a lot with us that clears my head when I’m on the pitch,” he told the Uefa Champions League magazine. “Plus, I’m incredibly happy about the birth of my son. And when I’m happy, you can see it on the pitch.”
Ribery admitted that he feels Barcelona are the best team in the world, closely followed by Real Madrid and then Bayern. “Barcelona set the standards. Real have a very, very good team. But we’ve gained ground and are getting closer to the top.” Bayern Munich suffered their second successive league defeat at the weekend when they lost 3-2 to Mainz, and Ribery believes that his side were never going to win the Bundesliga easily. “If you’re playing for Bayern, you become used to the club’s standards and demands. But waltzing through the league? “The season is long and a lot can happen. But one thing is certain: we want to be top till the end, if possible.” Following Sunday’s loss, Bayern Munich sit in third place in the Bundesliga table, but just one point behind leaders Borussia Dortmund.
The Frenchman believes that the Bavarians are behind only the two Spanish giants and also revealed that he has been happier since Heynckes arrived at the Allianz Arena
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ACTIVE NATION 5th - 11th DECEMBER 2011
Obituary: Gary Speed (1969-2011) British football echoes with sadness after the death of the popular and likeable Wales manager, who passed away, aged just 42 on Sunday morning SPEED’S CAREER STATISTICS LEEDS UNITED GAMES: 312 EVERTON GAMES: 65 NEWCASTLE UNITED GAMES: 284 BOLTON GAMES: 139 SHEFFIELD UNITED GAMES: 40 WALES GAMES: 85
1988-1996 GOALS: 57 1996-1998 GOALS: 17 1998-2004 GOALS: 40 2004-2008 GOALS: 14 2008-2010 GOALS: 6 1990-2004 GOALS: 7
Carthy, and technical directors and fitness experts from across Europe. “Gary has no ego,” Verheijen told me. “He is smart, and secure enough to delegate. He lets me do what I want, which is to develop the playing style and the tactical sessions, but he is still the guy in charge. He makes all the decisions. We have an excellent partnership.” It was the same during his playing days. Speed was intelligent to recognise his limitations and grafted as hard as any professional to coax the maximum out of his talent. He first caught the eye of Howard Wilkinson at left-back
As news of his death spread 24 hours later, it seemed scarcely credible that the light had gone out on one of the game’s brightest stars.
Popular and adored, wise yet modest, respected and likeable, he was, in the words of his friend and Wales No.2 Raymond Verheijen “a beautiful person”. The tributes that have poured in have been warm, fitting and heartfelt but echoing with abject sadness. Everywhere you turn there is incomprehension. And you felt the presence of ‘Speedo’, as he was known by so many in the game. Swansea City, with their core of Wales internationals, were playing. Shay Given, a close friend of Speed from their Newcastle United days, was in tears. The Liverpool-Manchester City match seemed hollow and unimportant following the withdrawal of Craig Bellamy, who was devoted to and a devotee of his international manager. It is horribly premature to be reflecting on a life ended at 42 and a career that had begun its second phase as encouragingly and substantially as it had ended its brilliant first, during which Speed was a permanent and widely admired adornment to the Premier League landscape.
I last encountered Speed in successive Mondays in September. The first occasion was at the Luton Hoo hotel, where Wales were based in the buildup to the England Euro 2012 qualifier at Wembley. I was interviewing Verheijen on a sofa in the hotel lobby for a feature on Wales’ evolution from no-hopers to serious international team. Speed was sat nearby on an armchair making last-minute preparations for the match with a member of staff from the Football Association of Wales. The respect and warmth between him and Verheijen, a disciple of Guus Hiddink and a hugely respected coach and conditioning expert, was clear. Verheijen occasionally raised his voice to get his boss’ notice with a deliberately controversial comment. Speed, with half an ear on our conversation, would smile and offer a sharp response.
approachable, he greeted delegates and me, the only journalist present, at the front desk with a grin, a firm handshake and a quick chat. He had an aura and a presence but there was not a shred of arrogance or aloofness. He was generous with his time. A mature and urbane figure, he did not need chaperoning in the company of journalists, as is the nauseating modern way for sports figures. Speed listened attentively during the seminar, occasionally making notes and looking completely at home in the world of coaches, who included Neil Lennon and Mick Mc-
MANAGERIAL CAREER SHEFFIELD UNITED
AUG 2010 - SEP 2010
GAMES: 18
WINS: 6
WALES
DEC 2010 - NOV 2011
GAMES: 10
WINS: 5
It was a measure of Speed’s willingness to learn the managerial trade that he was at Molineux the following Monday for a day-long coaching seminar hosted by Verheijen. Down to earth and
Taste for success | Speed was one quarter of Leeds United’s 1992 title-winning midfield
in a Leeds United youth game and, such was his versatility, Speed played in nine of the 10 outfield positions before establishing himself as one quarter of the famous Leeds United title-winning midfield that also included Gordon Strachan, Gary McAllister and David Batty. As the years rolled by, at Everton, Newcastle United, Bolton Wanderers and Sheffield United, Speed moved inside from the left flank to central midfield, a formidable figure with his dextrous left foot, wide range of passing and appetite for industry. His excellence in the air was invaluable in both penalty boxes, and a goal every six-and-a-half games was a record that any attacking midfielder would have been proud of, never mind one whose role became more defensive as the years rolled by. Rarely injured, his durability was matched by his longevity. Aged 38, he was still a Premier League regular at Bolton, 19 years after his Leeds debut. He played his last game for Sheffield United at 40. The sense of bewilderment today is all the greater because there was such a seamless link between his playing days and a new career in coaching. Just as his name was on the teamsheet every week – Speed held the record for most Premier League appearances until overtaken by David James and Ryan Giggs – he seemed destined for a long managerial career. He followed a short spell at Sheffield United by taking up the reins with Wales, who had fallen to rock bottom at a time when the best players had lost interest in turning up to a defeatist camp. Speed’s arrival paid almost immediate dividends in terms of results, performances and professionalism. The team rose from 117th in the world to 45th and the manager was receiving deserved plaudits. Talk of a place at the 2014 World Cup, which would be Wales’ first finals appearance for 56 years, seemed feasible rather than far fetched.
Juba Office: 150 metres Walk from American Embassy & Zara Hotel off Minitries Road, Nabari Juba, ROSS. Email: sudan@makerere-edu.org 0955 710 805; www.activenationss.webs.com