Barking Market Hall Technical Detailing Report by zimmie.sutcliffe

AR7022 Applied Technology in Architecture

Barking market hall - detailing report Zimmie Sutcliffe, unit 14 - 18015382

1.0 - Brief “This final component of the Applied Technology in Architecture module addresses the choice of materials and detailing of the external skin of the building aspect of the major design proposal undertaken in your Diploma Studio.” “Working drawings are intrinsic to realising buildings. They are both a means to solving fundamental performance issues and a record of the thinking behind the resolution of a building’s construction detail. Detail drawings, in our contemporary context, are often originated by material suppliers, contractors and technicans. The details of the buildings realised directly from these drawings are generally robust and may vere from the inspired to the expedient. In the hand of the architect, with an enthusiasm for construction and an ability to make sensitive judgments, drawings of detail have the ability to communicate spatial and tectonic ideas, that if interpreted with precision by a contractor, may contribute significantly to both the function and feeling of the finished building. In this spirit you are asked to describe the technical design development and intended construction of the external skin or an interior aspect of your proposal in iterative working drawings and at least 6no. 1:10 detailed drawings.”

Contents 1. Introduction

1.1 Introduction precis 1.2 Site location

2. Precedent

2.1 Zukunftspavillion 2.2 Temporary market hall 2.3 Lewisham youth centre

3. Design intention & development

3.1 Design intention & development sketches 3.2 Structural & material connections 3.3 1:10 facade model 3.4 Structural components axonometric

4. Working drawings & details

4.1 1:250 plans 4.2 1:100 plans 4.3 Elevations 4.4 Sections 4.5 1:10 details

1.1 - Introduction precis: My diploma studio project is a market hall and community education facility situated in the town of Barking, east London. The scheme masterplan covers a large area from Barking town centre to a site on the edge of the river Roding, however this report focuses on the building at the conclusion of this masterplan. The main built component of this project sits at the edge of the river Roding and provides a new hub for the local community and extensive, high quality public space. Inspired by the local market on East Street in Barking and identifying a lack of creative education space in the borough, this scheme adapts the traditional market hall model to provide a space for traders to sell, young people to receive creative education, and the local community to stage events. Taking the historic market house layout of an open air ground floor for trading below a covered upper floor, usually housing local administrative functions, the programme is split across 3 levels – stalls for market traders and flexible space for community gathering on the ground floor, youth, admin and community services on the upper floor, and education facilities in the basement level. The programme is also split across two buildings to reduce the visual impact and massing of the scheme and to provide more ground floor public space, though the two buildings are very similar in materiality, form and structural composition. Each of the three levels has a distinct approach to materiality and structural intent to reflect the different structural challenges and programmatic functions at each level, whilst delivering a contemporary take on the traditional open ground floor, solid upper floor market hall aesthetic. One of the primary aims of the scheme is to provide interaction with the river Roding which dictated the positioning along the river edge and the creation of a stepped scheme that is partially buried down into the ground. Basement – art studios and workshops: By creating a basement I was able to deliver spaces that sit at the water level, giving great views, and reducing the mass above street level whilst providing a larger floor area to house multiple functions. However, this created a big structural challenge with the scheme so close to water. Excavating a large amount of earth near water can be a risk so I did extensive research into the soil composition in the area and flood risk zones along the Roding. The site sits in flood zone 1, giving it a less than 1 in 1000 annual probability of flooding, mainly due to the Barking flood barrier downstream. The soil composition is mainly fluvial clays, silts and sands so a raft foundation system was chosen to spread the building loads widely, allowing it to “float”. Prior to any construction a steel sheet pile system would be used to retain the earth around the excavation, a system already used at the site and along the Roding. Reinforced concrete counterfort retaining walls have been designed to provide additional structural safety. As this level is concealed from view at street level, the aesthetics are not as important and the exposed concrete provides thermal mass as well as a rugged feel and durability suited to housing art studios and workshops. Ground floor – market hall/community hall: A key intention of the scheme is to achieve a low cost, simple aesthetic whilst maintaining a sense of being crafted – conveying a “DIY” community spirit with a care and quality that delivers a building the people of Barking can be proud of. This influenced the choice of materials that can be assembled without extensive training, with the intention to involve local carpentry apprentices in parts of the building construction. Above ground a glulam timber frame is used for its aesthetic properties, high strength to weight ratio, enabling slimmer elements, and its sustainable properties which help to offset somewhat the high embodied energy of the concrete basement structure. The design of the primary structure was heavily influenced by Tengbom’s temporary market hall in Stockholm which uses cruciform columns and slim glulam beam members in a simple grid to achieve large spans.

This timber structure seen through translucent polycarbonate cladding provides the main expression of the scheme which is an interpretation of traditional open air market houses to suit a contemporary, multi-use public building. The aesthetic was inspired by the Zukunftspavilion by Ian Shaw Architects that expresses the structural rhythms and geometry behind the skin. The spirit of openness and community co-operation inherent in the schemes programme and intention is portrayed through the structure and material choices as the activity inside is seen from outside. Polycarbonate was chosen instead of glass to reduce costs, express a simplicity of material and construction and for its insulation properties. I spent a lot of time researching the wall build up for polycarbonate, finding examples were insulation was placed behind such as RCKa’s Lewisham youth centre, but in most cases it is used as glass would be, without insulation disrupting its translucent properties. Rodeca PC 2560-12 panels are specified as they provide the highest durability and lowest u-values of any polycarbonate panels whilst still transmitting 41% of light. Upper floor – Café, youth spaces, offices, library: Cellular and ancillary spaces are housed at level 1, making the use of polycarbonate not suitable. Instead, timber rainscreen cladding was chosen in contrast to the translucent ground floor, again taking cues from the solid upper floor of traditional market houses. British grown western red cedar was chosen for the sustainable benefits of UK availability and it’s high durability in external applications. The wall build up at this level is much thicker than at ground floor level and the structural expression not as vital aesthetically so the glulam columns are embedded in the wall thickness with wood fibre board insulation fitted between timber wall studs to achieve low U values. Pavatex wood fibre insulation is Nature Plus certified, fully recyclable and achieves 90 minute fire resistance without emitting toxic fumes in a fire so is a sustainable choice. The glulam structure and insulation are sandwiched by cavities on both sides – externally an air cavity behind the timber cladding that continues into the roof and exits at the ridge to ventilate the wall and prevent moisture build up, and internally a service cavity behind plasterboard wall finishes in which to house the building’s M&E services. This cavity is faced with taped OSB to act as a vapour barrier that wall studs can be fixed to. Roof: Standing seam Zinc was chosen for the roof due to its excellent durability and resistance to weathering, as well as it being fully recyclable. Zinc does have a relatively high cost but this is offset by its long life and low maintenance costs in addition to the choice of other low cost materials in the scheme. Achieving exposed rafters was a challenge in terms of maintaining continuity of insulation and air tightness with the walls below but aesthetically it was important. Moving the roof build up above the rafters resulted in a height increase but this was more than offset by the massing of the scheme that breaks up its visual appearance. Critique/reflections of the detailed design process: The structural and material expression of this scheme is key to its success and I put a lot of time and energy into this aspect of the design. There were numerous challenges, from the site excavation and works before construction, to designing 2 structural systems and 3 distinct envelope conditions. The underlying principles and aims of this scheme are to use predominantly simple, lightweight construction methods and materials to express how the building is put together and to use sustainable, low cost solutions where possible. The choices I have made aim to convey an aesthetic of community spirit, transparency and simplicity through the buildings structure as well as its form and layout. The junctions between each level of the building were a challenge to detail, particularly at ground floor between the polycarbonate cladding and concrete basement structure, with different cladding and framing systems with different thicknesses, thermal performance etc meeting. The basement level solved

a lot of problems programmatically and in terms of above ground massing but provided lots of difficulties structurally due to the size of the excavation and its proximity to the river but I am happy with how this has been resolved. Reflecting on the process, I found it incredibly fun, particularly designing the glulam frame and the challenge of working with polycarbonate which I have never done before. Given more time I would like to produce more detail for the internal systems of the scheme, locating M&E services, refinement of passive heating and cooling strategies etc but I am proud of the level of detail and resolution of the structural design I have achieved.

1.2 - Site:

Genoa Building

ABBEY ROAD

Abbey Playing Field

8.2m

London Borough of Barking & Dagenham 5.2m

St Margarets C of E 12

Primary School

8 10

to 2

Site Plan, 1:1250 @ A3

Trees 5.6m

12 7.9m

DW Curfew Tower

Remains of St Mary's Abbey (Benedictine Nuns, founded c AD 666)

11 13

Shelter

TCB

Barking Parish Church of St Margaret 7.3m

5.7m

ABBE

Trees

Y RO

Shelter

O BR

Riv er

Y WA

St Margarets Centre

igh

Mea

ing

d Ro

& w

n Lo

Mea ater W

ESS

1 to 52 Benedicts Wharf

St Joseph's

MLW

4.7m

Mud and Shingle

Catholic Primary School

5.0m

River Roding

N W TO AY

Four Gates Bridge

Mud

Nursery

El Sub

Sta

W T

N BA

4.1m

4.8m

Posts

4.2m

Six Gates Bridge

Mud

Site location in Barking town centre - 1:500 @ A4

E G RID

HIG HB

Wharf

8 to

to 32

1 le

ing

7 to

4.0m

2 to

1 to 23

igh

Mea

din

Riv

Bollard

Skipper Court

17 1 to

ESS

Mud

MLW

Mill Pool

Town Quay Wharf

U PA

Sub

Sta

Train station

East Street market

Site

Masterplan route across Abbey Green

Market hall site

Aerial view of site adjacent to the River Roding

2.0 - Precedents Zukunftspavillon, Frankfurt - Ian Shaw Architects A temporary pavilion located in the town square for exhibitions, talks and workshops, this scheme was constructed using Baubuche glue laminated timber and polycarbonate cladding. The simplicity of the construction, its expression in the facade and the slenderness of the elements inspired the use of similar materials in my scheme.

Temporary market hall, Stockholm- Tengbom The design of the glulam cruciform columns and slender beam elements creates a warm atmosphere inside with the simple structural grid serving as a key design feature. The translucent facade adds to this by bringing in soft, diffuse light into the space. The simplicity and order of the structural layout and market hall functions is directly relevant to my scheme.

New Generation youth and community centre, Lewisham - RCKa Architects The â&#x20AC;&#x153;DIYâ&#x20AC;? aesthetic of this scheme was key in my choice of polycarbonate cladding, and the programme of community spaces delivered in such a refined and sympathetic way informed the programme of my scheme heavily. Community involvement was a big factor in this project and it is reflected in a building of high quality delivered with low cost materials.

3.0 - Design intention & development The following sketches and notes show the iterative development of each element of the building structure and envelope build up as well was choices of materials, products and Site excavation & basement retaining structures

Primary structure intention, composition & setting out

Polycarbonate wall build up

Timber wall build up

Roof & intermediate floor build up

Materials, products & suppliers

aesthetic aspects, such connections offer also greater safety in the event of a fire, as exposed steel parts quickly lose their strength when becoming hot. As all parts must be machined and assembled with extremeÂ accuracy, such constructions are only possible with the help of CNC machining. 3.2 Structural & material connections

Concealed steel late and dowel system for glulam cloumn and beam connections

Rodeca PC 2560 polycarbonate panel information

Concealed steel late and dowel system for glulam cloumn footings

Detailed view of connection using dowels and slotted plates Project Zukunftspavillon Frankfurt Timber construction Hess Timber GmbH Photos Rensteph Thompson, Chris Kister

Polycarbonate panel cladding system

Polycarbonate panel mounting bracket

3.3 1:10 Facade model I produced a model exploring the glulam frame and polycarbonate cladding system, modelling a typical ground floor bay. The images on the following page show how I used the model to explore different lighting effects and how the translucent skin expresses the structure behind and illuminates at night.

1:10 model lighting studies

Polycarbonate panels fixed to frame to create air and water tight walls

Glulam frame typical modules - 6000x6000mm

URN OFF SHEET EDGES BEFORE PRINTING

Roof: - standing seam zinc

1st floor: - 300x300mm glulam frame - secondary timber structure for support and roof application - exposed rafters

Ground floor: - 300x300mm glulam frame - secondary timber structure for bracing and cladding application

Basement non retaining: - 300x300mm glulam frame - 600mm reinforced concrete walls - secondary timber structure for bracing and cladding application

Basement retaining: - Steel sheet piles - 600mm reinforced concrete retaining walls - 500mm deep reinforced concrete raft foundation 0m

3.4 Exploded satructural axonometric

10m

2 6000

3 6000

Storage 2.5 m²

6000

Accessible W.C. 4.3 m²

Store 1.2 m²

B Workshop 54.4 m²

6000

Studio 77.8 m²

6000

Entrance lobby 29.5 m²

Office 8.9 m²

6000

Library 19.8 m²

I.T. Server room 17.2 m²

SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB

6000

SB SB SB SB SB SB

6000

Plant room 15.5 m²

G Staff office 12.1 m²

6000

Entrance lobby 29.5 m²

Studio 77.8 m²

6000

Workshop 54.4 m²

6000

Store 1.2 m²

Accessible W.C. 4.3 m²

Storage 2.5 m²

Basement plan 1:250 @A4

10m

2 6000

6000

5 6000

6000

Accessible WC. 3.6 m²

6000

Community hall 129.7 m²

6000

Market hall 129.7 m²

6000

B B

6000

Accessible W.C. 3.6 m²

L00 plan 1:250 @A4

10m

6000

3 6000

6000

Unisex W.C. 7.8 m²

Meeting room 15.3 m²

6000

Office 9.1 m²

Youth forum 33.5 m²

Office 9.1 m²

Break out space 14.6 m²

6000

Library/I.T. 23.4 m²

6000

Cafe 42.7 m²

6000

Terrace 66.3 m²

Kitchen 14.4 m²

B I

Store 2.7 m²

Walk in freezer 2.6 m²

Storage 3.2 m²

6000

Female W.C. 11.5 m²

Male W.C. 10.1 m²

Accessible W.C. 3.3 m²

L01 plan 1:250 @A4

10m

Roof plan 1:250 @A4

2.1

Accessible W.C. 4.3 m²

6000

Storage 2.5 m²

Store 1.2 m²

B Workshop 54.4 m²

Studio 77.8 m²

6000

Studio 77.8 m²

6000

Entrance lobby 29.5 m²

Office 8.9 m²

10m

6000

SB SB SB SB SB

Basement plan part 1 - 1:100 @A4

Library 19.8 m²

SB SB SB SB SB

6000

I.T. Server room 17.2 m²

10m

Basement plan part 2 - 1:100 @A4

SB SB SB SB SB S

SB SB S

6000

6000 0m

6000

Plant room 15.5 m²

G Staff office 12.1 m²

Entrance lobby 29.5 m²

6000

Entrance lobby 29.5 m²

S 77

6000

Studio 77.8 m²

Workshop 54.4 m²

1.1

1.1 1.2

6000

Store 1.2 m²

Accessible W.C. 4.3 m²

Storage 2.5 m²

J 22

1.2

2 6000

3 6000

6000

2.1

C C

6000 6000 6000

Accessible WC. 3.6 m²

6000

Accessible WC. 3.6 m²

6000

2.1

Community hall 129.7 m²

6000

Community hall 129.7 m²

6000

L00 plan part 1 - 1:100 @A4

10m

6000

Market hall 129.7 m²

6000 6000

6000

Accessible WC. 3.6 m²

Accessible W.C. 3.6 m²

6000

2.2 Community hall 129.7 m²

2.2

D N

6000

L00 plan part 2 - 1:100 @A4

10m

6000

4.2

A 4.2

6000

Unisex W.C. 7.8 m²

Meeting room 15.3 m²

Office 9.1 m²

6000

Youth forum 33.5 m²

Office 9.1 m²

Break out space 14.6 m²

6000

Library/I.T. 23.4 m²

4.1

4.1 N

6000

L01 plan part 1 - 1:100 @A4

10m

3 6000

6000

G A

6000 6000

Unisex W.C. 7.8 m²

Cafe 42.7 m²

Meeting room 15.3 m²

H B

Office 9.1 m²

6000 6000

Youth forum 33.5 m² Terrace 66.3 m²

3.1

Kitchen Office 14.4 m² 9.1 m²

3.1

3.2

I C

3.2

Store 2.7 m² Storage 3.2 m²

Walk in freezer 2.6 m²

Break out space 14.6 m²

Female W.C. 11.5 m²

6000 6000

Library/I.T. 23.4 m²

Male W.C. 10.1 m²

Accessible W.C. 3.3 m²

2.2

J D

2.2 N

6000

L01 plan part 2 - 1:100 @A4

10m

6000

11040

6000

Vertical ship lap timber cladding

7765

Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600

L01 FFL

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

6000

10m

6000

Vertical ship lap timber cladding

Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

East elevation part 2 - 1:250 @ A4

6000

11040

Roof ridge

7765

Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600

L01 FFL

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

6000

East elevation - 1:500 @ A4

6000

10m

27 0m

10m

6000

Roof ridge

East elevation part 1 - 1:250 @ A4

6000

11040

6000

600

Roof ridge

7765

Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600

L01 FFL

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

-3300

L-01 FFL

-3600

L-01

Vertical ship lap timber cladding

Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

West elevation part 1 - 1:250 @ A4

6000

10m

6000

Vertical ship lap timber cladding

Standing seam zinc roof Rodeca polycarbonate panels

Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

West elevation part 2 - 1:250 @ A4

6000

11040

Roof ridge

7765

Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600

L01 FFL

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

-3300

L-01 FFL

-3600

L-01

West elevation - 1:500 @ A4

6000

10m

Standing seam zinc roof Vertical ship lap timber cladding Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

North elevation - 1:250 @ A4

10m

Standing seam zinc roof Vertical ship lap timber cladding Baubuche glulam frame and sub frame Rodeca polycarbonate panels

South elevation - 1:250 @ A4

A 11040

Roof ridge

11040 7765

Roof ridge Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

7765 4600 7000

Roof eaves L01 FFL L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600 1400

L01 FFL L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

-3300 0

L-01 FFL L00

-3600

L-01

-3300

L-01 FFL

-3600

L-01

Section AA part 1 - 1:250 @ A4

11040 7765

Roof ridge Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

7765 4600 7000

Roof eaves L01 FFL L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600 1400

L01 FFL L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

-3300 0

L-01 FFL L00

-3600

L-01

-3300

L-01 FFL

-3600

L-01

6000

A Roof ridge

6000

11040

10m

6000

Section AA part 2 - 1:250 @ A4

A 11040

Roof ridge

11040 7765

Roof ridge Roof eaves

7000

L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

7765 4600 7000

Roof eaves L01 FFL L01 Ceiling

5700

L01 Handrail

4600 1400

L01 FFL L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

L00

1400

L00 Handrail

300

L00 FFL

-3300 0

L-01 FFL L00

-3600

L-01

-3300

L-01 FFL

-3600

L-01

6000

Section AA - 1:500 @ A4

10m

Section BB - 1:100 @ A4

10m

Detail 5.1 - Polycarbonate corner plan detail, level 00 - 1:10 @ A4

Detail 5.2 - Polycarbonate to primary structure plan detail, level 00 - 1:10 @ A4

Detail 6.1- Polycarboante wall - typical structural bay plan, level 00 - 1:50 @ A4

Detail 1.1 - Foundation & polycarbonate to ground, basement level - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 1.2 - Foundation & concrete retaining wall, basement level - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 2.1 - Polycarbonate to ground & intermediate floor, Level 00 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 2.2 - Polycarbonate & timber cladding junction, level 01 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 3.1 - Polycarbonate to external terrace & intermediate floor, Level 01 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 3.2 - Timber cladding junction to external terrace & intermediate floor, level 01 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 4.1 - Window to timber wall junction, level 01 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Detail 4.2 - Roof to wall junction, level 01 - 1:10 @ A4

0mm

100mm

200mm

500mm

Bibliography ArchDaily (2016) ‘Östermalm’s Temporary Market Hall / Tengbom’. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/788616/ostermalms-temporary-market-hall-tengbom (Accessed 27/04/19) Clarke, K & Fior, L. (2019). ‘More than one (fragile) thing at a time’. Available at: http://morethanonefragile. co.uk/barking-town-square/ (Accessed 25/04/19) Designing Buildings Wiki (2019). Available at: https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Home (Accessed 03/05/19) Environment Agency (2019) Flood map for planning. Available at: https://flood-map-for-planning.service. gov.uk/confirm-location?easting=544365&northing=184018&placeOrPostcode=IG11%207AT (Accessed 26/04/19) First in Architecture (2019) ‘Basement Construction Details – Type A’. Available at: https://www. firstinarchitecture.co.uk/basement-construction-details/ (Accessed 05/05/19) Kalzip (2019). Available at: https://en.kalzip.com/ (Accessed 08/05/19) LEXAN™ THERMOCLICK™ SHEET FOR FAÇADE SYSTEMS (2019). Available at: http://sfs.sabic.eu/ product/lexan-building-systems/lexan-thermoclick-sheet-facade-systems/ (Accessed 03/05/19) National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (2019). Available at: https://nptel.ac.in/ courses/105104137/module7/lecture24.pdf (Accessed 05/05/19) Pavatex (2019). Available at: http://www.pavatex.com/en/products/wall/ (Accessed 06/05/19) Pollmeier (2019). Available at: https://www.pollmeier.com/en/products/baubuche/baubuche-about. html#gref (Accessed 02/05/19) Pollmeier (2019) ‘“Pavilion of the future” in detail’. Available at: https://www.pollmeier.com/en/references/ pavilion-in-frankfurt.html#gref (Accessed 27/04/19) Pusila, J. (2015). ‘Thermal bridge comparison, thermal benefits of CLT’. Bachelors thesis. Lahti University of Applied sciences. Available at: https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/87192/Pusila_Jenni. pdf;jsessionid=40A05A217C41007C81BAB6EE6955AAA1?sequence=1 (Accessed 28/04/19) Reynolds, M. (2013) ‘INTERIOR SHEATHING AS AN AIR AND VAPOUR BARRIER’. Available at: https://www. ecohome.net/guides/2289/interior-sheathing-as-an-air-and-vapour-barrier/ (Accessed 07/05/19) Rodeca (2019). Available at: http://rodeca.co.uk/ (Accessed 03/05/19) Tebbutt, L. (2014) ‘London youth centre by RCKa features a translucent polycarbonate facade’, Dezeen. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2014/06/27/rcka-corrugated-polycarbonate-london-youth-centretranslucent-facade/ (Accessed 27/04/19) Timber Cladding Solutions (2016) ‘TIMBER SPECIES GUIDE: CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT TIMBER SPECIES’. Available at: https://www.timbercladdingsolutions.co.uk/timber-species-guide-characteristicsdifferent-timber-species-2/ (Accessed 07/05/19) Velfac (2019). Available at: https://velfac.co.uk/ (Accessed 11/05/19)