A RT H R I T I S
ARTHRITIS WHAT IS IT?
Arthritis is a common condition that causes pain and inflammation in a joint. There are many types of arthritis but the two most common types are: l Osteoarthritis l Rheumatoid arthritis Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis in the UK, affecting 8 out of 10 people with arthritis. Osteoarthritis initially affects the smooth cartilage lining of the joint. This makes moving around more difficult than usual and leads to pain and stiffness. Once the cartilage lining starts to roughen and thin out, the tendons and ligaments have to work harder. This can cause swelling and the formation of bony spurs, called osteophytes. Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the body’s immune system targets affected joints, which leads to pain and swelling. The outer covering of the joint is the first place affected. This can then spread across the joint, leading to further swelling and a change in the joint’s shape. This may cause the bone and cartilage to break down. People with rheumatoid arthritis can also develop problems with other tissues and organs in their body. 62 H E A LT H Y F O U N DAT I O N S
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
The symptoms of arthritis you may experience will vary. Therefore it’s important to have an accurate diagnosis. See a doctor if you have: l joint pain, tenderness and stiffness l inflammation in and around the joints l restricted movement of the joints l warm, red skin over the affected joint l weakness and muscle wasting
WHAT CAN BE DONE? There is no cure for arthritis but there are many treatments that can help slow down the condition. For osteoarthritis, medications are often prescribed, including: l analgesics (painkillers) l non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) l corticosteroids In severe cases, a surgical procedure may be recommended. Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis aims to slow down the condition’s progress and minimise joint inflammation or swelling. This is to try and prevent damage to the joints. Recommended treatments include: l analgesics (painkillers) l disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) – a combination of treatments is often recommended l physiotherapy l regular exercise
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Ever felt stiff and achy in your knees or elbows? Feel like your body could do with a good old oiling? You may (or may not!) suffer from arthritis.
