WIC Howler

NOV 2021

VOL. 1

WIC HOWLER Student Life Science/ Business World Events Entertainment

CELEBRATING EARTH DAY

FUN FACTS AND TRIVIA

Editor: Maya Berrached Teacher Advisor Mrs.MacArthur

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WIC HOWLER

A CHAT WITH MRS.CORBETT

by Maya B, Editor(Grade 12) Q: What are some of your goals for the school year?

EC: The biggest goal is to get to know all of you to the very best of my ability.

To ensure that you have a head of school that really cares about you and the college, who wants to hear about your wishes for the school. Also, as a part of our strategic work, making some concerted efforts to focus on wellness and well-being for students, which isn't the same for everybody.

Wellness isn't just about exercise and fresh air; it's about belonging somewhere and connecting with things that are important to you.

Q: What is one of your favourite things about the college?

Q: What's your favourite or your best memory from high school?

EC: All of you, honestly. The interactions that I've had with students

EC: It was definitely when I was in theatre;

have inspired me and given me a new

“Guys and dolls” I played Sergeant Sarah

energy. I think there's so many

and “West Side Story” when I was Maria.

opportunities for students to get

And graduating because it was kind of a

involved and it makes the community

miracle.

so vibrant: going to see volleyball games, hearing about what's happening on the golf course, working with student council and the prefects.

There are so many things that our student body brings that make the culture of WIC so extraordinary.

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THE BEECH POST

Q: What made you switch from opera to education?

EC: I really struggled in high school; to find where I belonged, to fit into everyone else's box. It was through the arts that I really found a sense of belonging. I had been a singer for a long time and in high school I was exposed to theatre, and I fell in love. I ultimately pursued that, I went and lived in England for about seven years. I studied opera and worked as a singer and actressThen I really missed my family, living out of a suitcase and doing shows is glamorous for a very short period of time and then it's kind of lonely. When I moved back home, I was fund raising for Calgary Opera and Hospice Calgary. So, I went back to university and to help pay my bills I was teaching drama and opera to high school students. I never thought I wanted to be a teacher; I knew through that experience I wanted to work with kids who might not fit into the square box. I got my education degree and then I started teaching and quickly moved into administration and the rest is history.

Q: Do you have any advice for students?

EC: Find your people. Find people who have your back, [they] will champion you and will hold you when you need to cry. My biggest advice is just to breathe. It all feels like such a rush right now, but you have lots of time.

I'm a perfect example; I've changed my career four times. I'm not like all of you.

I didn't get the best marks in high school, and I still found a path that was authentic to who I am.

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WIC HOWLER

NOV 2021

VOL. 1

OVERVIEW OF INSTITUTES

by Addyson M (Grade 9) In the Business Institute, entrepreneur Andrew Luu gave a presentation for a Focus Friday on the start-up weight loss app. Additionally, eight students from WIC went to the Wharton Global Youth competition in which five thousand teams from eighty-seven countries participated. If you are interested in this institute, be sure to join in the upcoming Business Case Competition for grades 8-12.

The Engineering Institute has also had a very exciting term. They have offered a course for drone piloting and had training for pre-engineering trades and safety. The Engineering Institute is also looking forward to more sessions on astrophysics.

The Fine Arts Institute has had many fun Focus Fridays this term including an improv theatre course and a session where students were

The International Languages Institute has had a Famous Five Election event and rally, a tour of art in downtown Calgary, and a tour of the Calgary Tower. If you enjoyed these activities or are looking to become involved in the International Languages Institute, you might be looking forward to DELF practices, creating a Podcast, or more Explore Calgary Tours, which will be starting soon.

Finally, the Health Sciences Institute studied Food Sciences in their biotech series where students got to experiment making different foods, in addition to the forensic anthropology course during Focus Fridays. If you are involved in the Health Sciences Institute, be sure to attend the upcoming presentation by a mental health speaker.

able to meet musicians from Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra (CPO). Aside from Focus Fridays, the Drama Department has put on an amazing production of She Kills Monsters on October 19-21.

In the Liberal Arts Institute, psychiatrist Zara Mohammed gave a presentation over zoom and previously there had been law case studies during Focus Fridays. You also won’t want to miss the upcoming presentation Calgary Courthouse Tour and murder trial in early December.

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WIC HOWLER

NOV 2021

VOL. 1

8/9 GIRLS VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT

by AnneMarie H (Grade 9) On September 8th, the Grade 8/9 girls' volleyball team faced eight other teams from eight different schools, including Masters, Trinity, and Webber, during the Bearspaw Tournament. Although Webber won the tournament, and Trinity got second, West Island College endured and snagged third. During the tournament, the girls faced countless challenges and tough teams. According to Khelia Panju and Jaylin Draudson, playing against Trinity was the hardest.

Surprisingly, the tournament was relaxed unlike the high-speed sets, the team won and lost. However, tournaments are not always about competition and winning. It is also about the memories teammates make with the team and the fun players have during bus rides. Luna Wright said, "I really liked when we were all sitting outside waiting for our results to see if we got in. That was what the 8/9 girls had, fun. When my dad came out with the results saying we made the next round, we were all screaming."

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"DID YOU KNOW

Overall, the girls were quite happy and surprised to THAT have placed third, howeverTHE beingWOLVERINE so close to being first IS them ONEinto OFdoing THEtheir best has spurred for future games and tournaments. “I STINKIEST was pleasantly surprised ANIMALS IN THEto have placed third. I'm glad we finished WORLD?" pretty high, but who wouldn’t wish for first? It’s alright because that just meant we had room for improvement.”

- Luna Wright. The West Island College 8/9 girls have shown boundless determination and skill in their chosen sport. An example of this is when they played Rundle on October 14th. They, unfortunately, lost the first set to Rundle 26-24 but won the final two sets 25-23 and 15-12, showing how far this team has come compared to their practices and games. Congratulations to all participants who played in the tournament! ,

WIC HOWLER

DÉCOUVRIR LES PROBLÈMES AUTOCHTONES PAR LE DÉBAT

by Eric K (Grade 11) Du 30 septembre au 3 octobre, j'ai eu le privilège d'assister au séminaire annuel de la Fédération canadienne de débat étudiant (CSDF) avec 86 autres élèves venant de toutes les provinces et territoires du Canada, dont 7 de l'Alberta.

Malgré les défis posés par la tenue d'un événement aussi important sur Zoom, l'objectif du séminaire était d'initier au débat des élèves ayant peu ou aucune expérience dans ce domaine. Chaque année, les organisateurs choisissent un Tout au long du séminaire, nous avons thème pour débattre. La découverte écouté plusieurs leaders et activistes tragique de l'année dernière relative aux autochtones parler avec courage de pensionnats autochtones s'est imposée leur histoire sur la persévérance et les comme le sujet de cette année. Il était tragédies causées par les pensionnats question d’aborder le sujet de la autochtones à leurs communautés. réconciliation avec les peuples PNMI L'un de ces conférenciers était Wab (Premières Nations, Métis, Inuit). Autant Kinew, auteur du best-seller national dire que ce thème n'a pas été abordé The Reason You Walk, ancien avec légèreté ! correspondant d'Al-Jazeera English et actuel chef de l'opposition du NPD au Parlement du Manitoba. Il nous a partagé son histoire profondément personnelle de réconciliation entre son père et lui, un survivant des pensionnats. Il a aussi évoqué ses luttes personnelles en tant que jeune en difficulté touché par le traumatisme intergénérationnel.

Après les cérémonies d'ouverture et l'histoire de Wab Kinew du premier jour, les ateliers ont commencé.

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WIC HOWLER

Lors du deuxième jour du séminaire, nous avons participé à une session parlementaire modèle où nous avons été divisés en trois partis politique distincts; chacun ayant pour objectif de présenter un projet de loi qui soit une solution à notre besoin national de réconciliation avec les peuples PNMI. Le troisième jour, nous avons appris, d’orateurs très expérimentés, comment construire un argument pour un débat ainsi que les différentes règles qui les organisent. Dans la soirée, nous avons pris contact avec nos partenaires respectifs.

Puis, nous nous sommes mis au travail en essayant de trouver et de mettre en pratique la meilleure rhétorique possible.

Le dernier jour, nous avons présenté notre rhétorique lors de notre tout premier débat officiel. J'étais, comme beaucoup d'autres, nerveux parce que c'était une première.

Après avoir parlé avec mes adversaires et les juges, j'ai reçu des commentaires constructifs qui m'aideront tout au long de ma carrière de débatteur.

Je suis honoré d'avoir eu une telle opportunité: celle de commencer et de développer mes compétences en matière de débat ainsi que d'avoir écouté face à face les histoires inspirantes des dirigeants des PNMI et leur persévérance. Je recommande de tout cœur à tous les élèves qui souhaitent entrer dans le monde merveilleux du débat d'assister au séminaire de l'année prochaine. Difficile d'imaginer une meilleure expérience que celle du terrain quand on débute dans l'art de la joute oratoire !

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WIC HOWLER

A SIMPLE GAME

by Gabby C (Grade 7)

Dark, cunning, missing ties Uneasy shadows with secrets that lie Some simple games Can turn out different And twists are twisted Knots that persisted Some simple games Turn out as a competition And nothing will go too far, no limitations Everyone has dedications But what is too far, Of a simple game A fight that got broken away?

No, a simple game is much more than that If you look closer everyone is there to win To feel at the top To rob others of their victories To be cheered on for your own?

What's too far, I ask, I say When a simple game gets carried away?

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WIC HOWLER

QUI C'EST

by Sage G (Grade 7) C’est une femme très forte et courageuse.

Elle a écrit un livre qui raconte ses expériences. Elle est afro-américaine. Quand elle vivait à la Maison Blanche comme “Première dame”, elle est devenue très célèbre. Quand les gens se moquaient de sa couleur, elle se disait que cela allait s’arrêter en luttant. Elle est une femme défenseure des droits de la femme et de l’éducation des enfants.

UPS AND DOWNS

by Demi O (Grade 12) Okay, picture this: You’re six years old playing on the teeter-totter at a playground with your best friend; not a care in the world. The teeter-totter takes you up, then brings you back down again, and finally back to a balanced center.

How does it work? Well, as a six-year-old, you don't care. Life is all about fun and games for you at this point. 'Stress' is a foreign word to you, and 'happiness’ is the first word in your thesaurus. But over time, that changed. Stress became life's definition, and bliss was long gone. School, sports, family, friends all became jumbled together, and suddenly you find yourself wondering how the teetertotter was able to keep you balanced. However, this is a message of hope, but not a cliché message of hope. Everything will work out eventually, but for now, life will be difficult; stress will be the only word you relate to. When you are feeling stressed, know that there are people around you - like your childhood best friend - that can keep you balanced and show you the definition of happiness once again.

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WIC HOWLER

JEFF BEZOS, INEQUALITY AND SPACE TOURISM by: Marcus B (Grade 12) Since the beginning of the 2010s a new space race has begun, not between rival nation-states, but instead, between rival enterprises. Billionaires are now leading the charge into the new frontier by building their own space companies from the ground up. This brings up the question of whether this the is beginning of a new age of progress for humanity, or merely an indication of the rampant wealth inequality?

In the age of the billionaire space race, the World Inequality Report showed that the global one percent captured twice as much growth as the bottom fifty percent, a figure which will only grow as the significant wealth of the elite continues to compound upon itself. Likewise, with time, progressing through socioeconomic classes has become increasingly difficult for the middle class, as evidenced by the consequences brought about by the global SARS-COV-2 pandemic. According to data analyzed by Forbes, during the pandemic, a time of elevated unemployment and economic stagnation, the wealth of United States billionaires increased by 2.1 trillion dollars, while approximately 100,000 small businesses permanently ceased operations.

Although the billionaire space race is clearly not the cause of the growing wealth gap, it is a sign of the economic power of these high-net-worth individuals. Jeff Bezos had to fund his space company, Blue Origin, with at least 5.5 billion dollars according to Fortune. This means that Jeff Bezos’ four minutes of weightlessness cost about 1.375 billion dollars a minute.

Whether or not this allocation of capital will be beneficial to society in the long run is yet to be seen, but the ever-extending gap between the top 1% and middle class is a dire issue in need of consideration.

Bibliography Collins, Chuck, and Sarah Anderson. “Updates: Billionaire Wealth, U.S. Job Losses and Pandemic Profiteers.” Inequality.org, 20 Oct. 2021, https://inequality.org/great-divide/updates-billionaire-pandemic/.

Dugan, Kevin T. “What You Should Know about Jeff Bezos' Tuesday Space Launch.” Fortune, Fortune, 20 July 2021, https://fortune.com/2021/07/19/jeff-bezos-space-launch-blue-origin-july-20-2021-billionaires/.

Inequality.org. “Global Inequality.” Inequality.org, Institute for Policy Studies , 8 July 2021, https://inequality.org/facts/global-inequality/.

McCarthy, Joe. “Jeff Bezos Just Spent $5.5B to Be in Space for 4 Minutes. Here Are 7 Things That Money Could Help Solve.” Global Citizen, 20 July 2021, https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/jeff-bezos-space-flight-money-betteruses/#:~:text=Demand%20Equity-. t

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WIC HOWLER

CRYPTOCURRENCY: THE WORLD'S MOST EXPENSIVE ROLLER COASTER

By: Jack S (Grade 12) The Crypto-Coaster Cryptocurrency's future is like its price: volatile. With new sanctions from China on all crypto transactions, many people decided to sell off. The sell-off has many people thinking about the future— was this the end?

Or would the roller coaster continue?

Even a sturdy frame cannot ensure that the crypto cart will stay on track.

Crypto refers to a form of currency that can be bought and sold like a security, but trades are run through the blockchain, which uses users' computers to complete trades and gives the user currency in exchange.

However, cryptocurrency is rooted in uncertainty and speculation. Bitcoin and its 21 million outstanding coins are constantly in flux due to a lack of underlying financials or intrinsic value.

This paired with online interests, such as Wall Street Bets, constantly pumping the price up for short-term gains leads to much uncertainty within the space. A roller coaster best describes the phenomena of the price of bitcoin; for example, it rapidly fluctuates between 60 thousand and 40 thousand dollars (USD).

Occasionally, it will try and breakthrough, but again it dips. This pattern displays the instability faced daily by those trading cryptocurrency.

Miners - The Ride Operates At the end of the day, cryptocurrency is almost entirely run by the people who purchase and mine it. The miners have computers that run thousands of “buy and sell” crypto orders and, in return, get fractional amounts of currency.

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WIC HOWLER

CRYPTOCURRENCY: THE WORLD'S MOST EXPENSIVE ROLLER COASTER CONTINUED By: Jack S (Grade 12)

The miners truly control this market because no trades would be able to be placed in the market without them.

Those who mine and buy coins are like the ride's buggies, just trying to hop off and avoid loss. The Blockchain can compared to the frame and structure of the coaster.

Will the ride derail? It is hard to tell mainly because of the currency’s universality. It is traded in every country, and anyone with a computer and some coding knowledge can create their own cryptocurrency. New coins are created every day, which is positive for the longevity of crypto, as this leads to diversification within the market. However, it can lead to an increase of fraud, as shown through the recent Save The Kids Coin , where social media influencers allegedly used their media platforms to pump up the price of their cryptocurrency .

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Right now, the roller coaster is still operating, but there are too many variables to come to a firm decision. Governments could outright ban crypto, such as China, which leads to hesitancy in adopting online currencies.

Furthermore, unlike stocks, cryptocurrency tokens are not tangible pieces of a business or physical assets that can be measured. There are no earnings or prices that can be used to determine how much each cryptocurrency should be worth; opinions are very mixed on what to expect from the future in cryptocurrencies.

WIC HOWLER

Blockchain - The Frame Although one cannot be sure about the future of cryptocurrency, one can be sure that the blockchain will be used forever. Mark Cuban, an early adopter of blockchain technologies and Shark Tank Investor stated if you can’t understand Blockchain, "it’s going to smack you down and make you bleed.” In addition, entrepreneur Richard Branson stated blockchain technology could bring about an “economic revolution.”

Even if cryptocurrency fails and the roller coaster stops, the blockchain will be what is left. It can be used for almost any type of transaction, and businesses are trying to find ways to use it to their advantage. A few companies are already trying to use blockchain in their business, such as Broadridge Financial Solutions who bought Inveshare for its blockchain technology, as they believed it could improve the trading business processes. We cannot be sure the roller coaster will keep moving, but we can be sure its frame is steady and will be used in the future to improve the way we make transactions forever.

Conway, Luke. “Blockchain Explained.” Investopedia, Investopedia, 31 May 2021, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/blockchain.asp.

Frankenfield, Jake. “Cryptocurrency.” Investopedia, Investopedia, 9 Aug. 2021, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cryptocurrency.asp.

Kharpal, Arjun. “Richard Branson: Blockchain Could Create 'Economic Revolution' in Emerging Markets.” CNBC, CNBC, 4 Oct. 2016, https://www.cnbc.com/2016/10/03/richard-branson-blockchain-could-create-economic-revolution-in-emerging-markets.html.

Locke, Taylor. “Mark Cuban on Blockchain: 'It's like the Early Days of the Internet' When 'a Lot of People Thought We Were Crazy'.”

CNBC, CNBC, 12 Feb. 2021, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/12/mark-cuban-compares-blockchain-crypto-to-early-days-of-theinternet.html.

Person. “China Bans Financial, Payment Institutions from Cryptocurrency Business.” Reuters, Thomson Reuters, 18 May 2021, https://www.reuters.com/technology/chinese-financial-payment-bodies-barred-cryptocurrency-business-2021-05-18/.

Zacks Investment Research Inc. “Broadridge Buys Inveshare's Technology Assets for $135M.” Nasdaq, Zacks, 21 Sept. 2016, https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/broadridge-buys-inveshares-technology-assets-for-%24135m-2016-09-21.

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WIC HOWLER

THE RACE TO CURE ALZHEIMER’S by: James A (Grade 12) “I feel so stupid.” “I don’t quite remember who you are.” “My mind, my body; they’re like a prison.” These are all quotes from my grandmother, as Alzheimer’s progressively deteriorated her mind 5 years prior to her passing.

1/9 people over the age of 65 will be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. The disease is devastating and life altering for both the victim and their families alike. Symptoms include life disrupting memory loss, difficulty completing familiar tasks, and confusion, all of which worsen with time. A patient’s battle with these symptoms is long lasting and emotionally draining, with the average individual living 4-8 years after diagnosis.

Even after the disease’s discovery in 1906, due to the human brain’s striking complexity, there is still no definitive cure.

Alzheimer’s Disease is a neurological disorder which deteriorates various cognitive abilities such as memory, critical thinking, and with time, the ability to carry out basic tasks required to in day-to-day life. Even with modern day technology, the causes of Alzheimer’s disease have still not been completely determined. However, scientists have a general understanding of how the disease occurs and develops within most patients.

Proteins within the brain function improperly and impede the function of "DID YOU KNOW neurons, leading to multiple toxic THAT causes neurons events. This ultimately THE WOLVERINE to be damaged, lose connection with

ISand ONE each other, die. OF This THE process begins yearsSTINKIEST before any symptoms are detected, and will systematically ANIMALS IN THE spread throughout the brain with WORLD?" time, usually starting in the portion of the brain which controls memory.

Cassava Sciences’ proprietary drug, Simufilam, has reported highly positive results in their most recent open-label study. The study witnessed an improvement of cognition scores within the test group of 1.6 points on the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, representing a 10% improvement from the baseline to month 6. .

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WIC HOWLER

In addition, data indicates that symptoms such as anxiety, delusions, and agitation improve by 1.3 points on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, displaying a 29% mean improvement from baseline to month 6. Although Simufilam has yet to complete its Phase 3 clinical trials, these initial results are highly encouraging for victims of the illnessAlthough it may be a while before Alzheimer’s disease no longer needs to be a concern for families across the world, hope can be found with the knowledge that there is now increased support and continual, revolutionary progress within the industry.

Despite the disease’s complexity, with the potential to generate vast profits and positively impact the lives of millions, some of the world’s leading pharma companies are relentlessly searching for a cure. As a result, newfound hope is arising for those affected by the disease, as a variety of drugs are completing clinical trials, with one reaching approval by the FDA.

Biogen Inc. (Nasdaq: BIIB) is a company based out of Cambridge, Massachusetts who is a proven industry leader within the Alzheimer’s market, receiving approval from the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for their drug Aduhelm TM on June 7th, 2021.

This announcement was a significant win for the Alzheimer’s community, as this was the first indication of progress toward a cure in countless years.

However, Biogen’s treatment recently came under some scrutiny. Mixed data of the drug’s efficacy, as well as concerns of external pressures influencing regulators later led"DID the FDA to initiate an YOU KNOW

investigation over the approval of the THAT drug on July 9th, 2021.

THE WOLVERINE IS ONE OF THE However, this setback does not STINKIEST eliminate the possibility of patients ANIMALS IN THE receiving an Alzheimer’s treatment in WORLD?" the near future. Other prominent firms, such as Cassava Sciences (Nasdaq: SAVA), are making remarkable progress toward an effective Alzheimer’s treatment.

Bibliography: Akst, Jennifer. “Biogen Defends Newly Approved Alzheimer's Drug.” The Scientist Magazine®, The Scientist, 27 July 2021, https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/biogen-defends-newly-approved-alzheimer-s-drug69025#:~:text=The%20US%20Food%20and%20Drug%20Administration%20(FDA)%20approved%20Biogen's%20monocl onal,disorder%20in%20nearly%20two%20decades.

Cassava Sciences, Inc. “Cassava Sciences Announces Top-Line Results of 12-Month Interim Analysis from Open-Label Study Evaluating Simufilam in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Cassava Sciences, 22 Sept. 2021, https://www.cassavasciences.com/news-releases/news-release-details/cassava-sciences-announces-top-line-results12-month-interim.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “What Is Alzheimer's Disease?” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 26 Oct. 2020, https://www.cdc.gov/aging/aginginfo/alzheimers.htm#:~:text=Alzheimer's%20disease%20is%20the%20most,thought% 2C%20memory%2C%20and%20language.

Mayo Clinic. “Alzheimer's Disease.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 26 June 2021, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/symptoms-causes/syc20350447#:~:text=The%20exact%20causes%20of%20Alzheimer's,each%20other%20and%20eventually%20die.

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WIC HOWLER

THE RETURN OF THE TALIBAN by:Greer H (Grade 12)

Once in a position of power, Taliban gunmen went door-to-door. They searched for anyone who had supported the government or the American effort, and despite public promises of a more moderate On August 30th, 2021, twenty years of U.S occupation in Afghanistan came to a dramatic close. President Joe Biden announced that after twenty years of American efforts, it was evident that the U.S. military would not be able to transform Afghanistan into the modern

approach to governing, the organization's initial restraint was aimed at only appeasing the international community to attain recognition and legitimacy.

democratic state they had aimed to build1. The evacuation of the U.S. forces left Afghanistan directly in the hands of the Taliban – the Islamic fundamentalist group that ruled until the U.S occupation began in 2001. The Taliban see themselves as the country’s rightful leaders, and they believe that the rest of the world should do so as well; however, the militant group restricts the values and freedoms of human lives. The collapse of Afghanistan’s republic is not only the collapse of a system many Afghans took part in building but also a collapse of democratic values, human rights, freedom, and dignity. On August 15th, Taliban leaders took over the presidential palace hours after President Asraf Ghani had fled the country, and that drove thousands of Afghan citizens to the borders in hopes of saving themselves from the cruel regime of 20 years ago.

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WIC HOWLER

THE RETURN OF THE TALIBAN by:Greer H (Grade 12)

Before the rise of the Taliban, women in Afghanistan were protected under written law, and they were granted rights in Afghan society. Women received the right to vote in the 1920s, and it was projected that by the early 1990s, 70% of schoolteachers, 50% of university students, and 40% of doctors in Kabul were estimated to be women2. This was torn away when the Taliban took over in 1996, which initiated the assault on the status of women immediately after the organization took power. The Taliban closed the women's university, and they forced virtually all women to quit their jobs, restricting an increasingly important source of expertise for the development of the country. They restricted access to medical care for women, brutally enforced a restrictive dress code, and limited the ability of women to move about freely in society3. Additionally, the Taliban perpetrated egregious acts of violence against women, including rape, abduction, and forced marriage.

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Considering Afghanistan, between 1996-2001, had one of the worst human rights records in the world, the Taliban’s previous actions should be at the forefront of concern for foreign powers. Restricting women's access to work is an attack on women today, and eliminating women's access to education is an assault on women tomorrow 4 . The Taliban regime of 20 years ago ensured that women would only continue to sink deeper into poverty and deprivation.

Therefore, they were guaranteeing that, in the future, women would not have the skills necessary to be successful and independent in modern society. Although the current Taliban leadership meets the international criteria of legitimacy, it is evident that the Taliban are still the discriminatory regime they once were.

Zucchino, David, et al. “The U.S. War in Afghanistan: How It Started, and How It Ended.” New York Times, 22 Sept. 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/article/afghanistan-war-us.html.

Jaafari, Shirin. “The Taliban Want International Recognition. Countries Are Debating.” The World from PRX, The World , 17 Sept. 2021, https://www.pri.org/stories/202109-17/taliban-want-international-recognition-countriesare-debating.

White, Melissa De. “What's next for Afghanistan?” Stanford News, Stanford University, 11 Aug. 2021, https://news.stanford.edu/2021/07/19/whats-nextafghanistan/.

WIC HOWLER

THEY WERE ONLY CHILDREN

by Medina J (Grade 12) Take a moment to imagine innocent children being forced away from their families against their will. Imagine children being punished for speaking the only language they knew, punished for being born into a particular culture. . .being told that all their beliefs and traditions were unacceptable, and then having to endure, witness and experience the unspeakable. This was the reality for over 150,000 Inuit, Metis and First Nations children who, against their own will, were forced to attend Indian Residential Schools. These schools were enforced by the government with hopes of “enlightening” and assimilating the First Nations people into Canadian culture. Schools were built across Canada, with several standing in the western provinces.

Residential Schools were established after the Indian Act was put in place in 1876 to remove and detach First Nations children from their family, culture, and traditions. To assimilate them into the dominant culture was the goal, as Indigenous culture was viewed upon as “uncivilized” and not “Canadian” enough. Thousands of First Nations children from across the country attended these schools with the optimism of getting an education in order to become contributing citizens to society. living in harsh conditions3.

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However, this was far from the truth1.

“Our objective is to continue until there is not a single Indian in Canada that has not been absorbed into the body politic, and there is no Indian question, and no Indian Department,” uttered Duncan Campbell Scott – Deputy Superintendent of the Department of Indian Affairs who oversaw the enforced expansion of the Indian Residential School system in the early 20th century2. Scott was a strong advocate of the government’s assimilation strategy toward Canada’s First Nations, Inuit, and Metis peoples. To reach this objective of eliminating the Indians from Canada, children of First Nation lineage were forced away from their families, stripped from their traditions and culture, only to be sent to schools to be abused while living in harsh conditions.

WIC HOWLER

THEY WERE ONLY CHILDREN

by Medina J (Grade 12) These schools were exceedingly abusive

Once this discovery of children’s organizations where 90-100% of the bodies was made, other investigations children suffered verbal, emotional, were launched to search the grounds mental, physical, and sexual abuse with of other Residential Schools in Canada a 40-60% mortality rate. Electric shock, and sadly, more bodies of innocent racist language, and the use of toxic children were found. Such events can’t chemicals on the skin were just a few help but make one think about how methods of torture that were used on those children endured their day-tothem. These atrocious acts and day lives with abuse, isolation, and experiences not only caused significant disdain. An excerpt from Up Ghost trauma to the survivors of residential River, page 92, at St. Anne’s schools but also their families and Residential School originally located in communities for generations the Fort Albany Mission on Albany thereafter. Feelings of anxiety, Island, Ontario states, “After Chapel, I depression, substance addiction, and went down to the dining hall . . . I suicidal thoughts were the after-effects stood in line for my porridge. When I of such tragic experiences that many got to the front of the line, the server First Nations communities had to looked at me and shook his head no . . . endure. Today, these communities are He reached down and pulled up the still grappling with those same bowl from yesterday. Inside was the feelings. stale porridge with bits of puke floating on top. ‘You have to finish this before you can have your breakfast.’”5 Recently, the remains of 215 children Instead of playing and enjoying their were discovered at unmarked childhood like they didn’t have a care gravesites at a Residential School in in the world, as children of that age Kamloops, BC. According to Tk’emlups should be doing, they were robbed of te-Lafond, from the Tk’emlups te their humanly rights.

Secwepemc, a First Nation community residing in the area, “...the discovery confirms what community survivors have said for years – that many children went to the school and never returned.”4

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WIC HOWLER

THEY WERE ONLY CHILDREN CONTINUED It is hard to believe that the last residential school in Canada closed only 25 years ago in 1996. These atrocious acts that the First Nations community had to suffer for decades were still accepted up until that time. In 2007, the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement came into effect. It was the largest class-action settlement in Canadian history6. This agreement recognized the damage inflicted on Indigenous Peoples by Residential Schools, and the agreement provided funding for truth and reconciliation, health, and healing services for thousands of First Nations communities across the country; it also allowed them to try to regain their culture and traditions and subsequently, their identity.

It is our duty today as individuals, and as a country to acknowledge the past. We must also acknowledge the significant impact that residential schools have had on not only the people of First Nation descent, but also on all of us collectively. We need to put ourselves in the shoes of those children and what they had to withstand; to understand the pain and suffering the survivors and their families went through and are presently going through…to make sure history does not repeat itself is the goal.

At the same time, we also don’t want to get nostalgic7. It is important for everyone involved to move forward from the past, and it is necessary to learn important lessons from history so that those same mistakes are not repeated.

There are many ways to honour the Residential School survivors, their families, and their communities. Some examples are participating in Orange Shirt Day, watching films, and reading books about Residential Schools, and celebrating the First Nations, Metis, and Inuit people – just to name a few. Let’s

"DID YOU KNOW and explore their many achievements THAT contributions. As a society, we are taught to forgive THE and forget, but with regards to WOLVERINE what the First community IS Nations ONE OF THE have

had to endureSTINKIEST with Residential Schools, we don’t want to forget this time period ANIMALS IN THE in Canadian history. But, we must find it WORLD?" within us to forgive those that need to be forgiven, and to move on to create a community that is respectful of all of humanity, regardless of race and religion.

Bibliography Coletta, A. (2021, May 31). Remains of 215 indigenous children were discovered at former Canadian Residential School Site. The Washington Post. Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/28/canada-mass-grave-residential-school/.

CBC/Radio Canada. (2021, May 29). Remains of 215 children found buried at former B.C. Residential School, the first nation says | CBC News. CBC News. Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/tk-eml%C3%BAps-tesecw%C3%A9pemc-215-children-former-kamloops-indian-residential-school-1.6043778.

Canadian Geographic. (2018, June 5). A fight for the truth. Indigenous Peoples Atlas of Canada.

Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://indigenouspeoplesatlasofcanada.ca/article/a-fight-fortruth/.

Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. The Canadian Encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/indian-residentialschools-settlement-agreement.

Hopper, T. (2021, June 8). The Canadians who thought residential schools were a good idea.

National Post. Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/the-manycanadians-who-thought-residential-schools-were-a-good-idea/wcm/a7e2e3ef-d22e-4389-87c78be5e6944537/amp/.

Orange Shirt Day: 5 ways to honour residential school survivors. Georgian College. (2020, September 30). Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://www.georgiancollege.ca/news/featurednews/orange-shirt-day-5-ways-to-honour-residential-school-survivors/.

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WIC HOWLER

THE FARMERS’ PROTEST – AN UPDATE

by Agam A (Grade 12)

Over ten months. . .day and night. . .a storm or the scorching sun. Farmers in India have spent almost a year on the streets of Delhi; they have been peacefully protesting against the agricultural laws that PM Modi’s Government passed last September. The agriculture-based population has engaged in the fundamental right to protest, but the government has yet to negotiate on peaceful terms. Over this daunting period, over 500 farmers have died. Be it suicide, stress-related illnesses, or violence, these are common causes linked to their deaths. Much of the governmentsponsored violence has not changed from last year. Adding to the distress includes a recent high-profile attack on a group of farmers who were peacefully protesting in Lakhmipur, Uttar Pradesh. When India’s Deputy Home Minister’s son, Ashish Mishra rampaged his car into a group of peaceful protesters, 8 people succumbed to their injuries and died. Of those 8 individuals, 4 were farmers and 1 was a journalist.

Heightened tensions have been portrayed between the farmers of India and the Indian government, and the deadlock is worsening, as the government had installed electrified, wire barricades on the borders of Delhi.

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WIC HOWLER

THE FARMERS’ PROTEST – AN UPDATE

by Agam A (Grade 12) More so, evidence has arisen supporting the idea that the Bharatiya Janata Party, the party that currently forms government, sent out a government operative in the guise of a protester. The unlawful, calculated actions of that government operative were found to directly link with the goal of the BJP party to discredit the farmer’s protest. Increasingly, under PM Modi’s government, India has seen a historic limitation on the freedom of press; under the orders of his government, the mainstream media outlets have been privately bought out by business leaders that work hand in hand with Modi’s minsters. Consequently, these outlets have been labelling the farmers’ protest as a separatist movement. While such actions have been executed from the federal officials, there have also been violent sentiments from the state level; Haryana’s Chief Minister Mr. Khattar, a BJP political, suggested, in his open announcement to his state, that Haryana’s people should instigate riots against the protesting farmers. Clearly, sentiments from many government officials have been unwilling of negotiation; however, many government officials such as Mamata Banerjee and Maharashtra’s government have aligned with the sentiments of the protesters. Thus, such a ray of hope amidst worsening unwillingness from the government has become a key source of support for those farmers that are currently fighting for their livelihoods.

Source: All information has been accumulated over the span of approximately a year, and this information was remembered as personal knowledge on the topic. Since this important issue connects to my background and heritage, all of the information included in this article is understood and experienced first-hand by the people of my community. If needed, much of the statistical, numerical information can easily be confirmed by credited sources.

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WIC HOWLER

SHARK FINNING CRISIS EXPLAINED

by Sienna B (Grade 8)

Colombian authorities seized nearly 3,500 shark fins bound for Hong Kong.

Colombian authorities explain that on September 24th, 2021, they confiscated a shipment of 3,493 shark fins which were to be illegally trafficked to Hong Kong from Bogota's airport. Environmental authorities in the capital say that the quantity of fins indicated that approximately 900 and 1,000 sharks (between 1 and 5 meters or 3 to 16 feet in length) would have been killed; and this was only one shipment. This gruesome act of harm is all for one use. A Chinese fine delicacy, in which we call “Shark fin soup”, is a symbol of status in Chinese culture.1 In the past, Chinese Emperors favoured the soup as a dish that honoured guests because it was thought to have medicinal benefits and represented a victory against powerful sharks. You may expect a shark fin to have high amounts of nutrients, but new statistics show that one singular shark fin has next to zero levels of nutrients.

This chewy and almost tasteless soup varies in prices from $70-$160 dollars per bowl. As much as half of the global supply has been found to pass through Hong Kong; Hong Kong is the secondhighest consumer of seafood in Asia at 71.8 kilograms (158 pounds) per person per year.2 This is more than three times the global average according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. And, though this article intends to illustrate the seizing of this illegal shipment, there’s much more to explore.

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WIC HOWLER

SHARK FINNING CRISIS EXPLAINED

by Sienna B (Grade 8) Many presume that sharks are some sort of savage predator. It’s the other way around. We, the most destructive specie of them all, kill over 100 million sharks every year. We have created a 70% decline in shark populations, globally, over the past 50 years3. Meanwhile, sharks killed three of us this year. We are not only killing this fascinating specie but all its ecosystem with it. Sharks are the apex predators in marine ecosystems. Thus, they have few natural predators, and they feed on animals below them in the food web. Since sharks, directly or indirectly, affect all levels of the food web, they help to maintain structure in healthy ocean ecosystems4. This means that if they are removed from the food chain, the whole structure could collapse. Without sharks regulating the ecosystem underwater, vital habitats would undergo serious damage. In the end, although many stereotypes about sharks may be created to scare us from these harmless predators, we are the real predators behind this increasing problem.

“Shark Finning: Why the Ocean's Most Barbaric Practice Continues to Boom.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 6 July 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jul/06/shark-finning-why-the-oceans-mostbarbaric-practice-continues-to-boom.

Shark Fin: The Toxic Delicacy Causing Ecosystem ... - CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/04/health/shark-fin-chinesenew-year-hong-kong-intl/index.html.

Ltd, All Answers. “Impact of the Consumption of Shark Fin Soup.” UK Essays, UK Essays, 12 Aug. 2021, https://www.ukessays.com/essays/environmental-studies/impact-of-the-consumption-of-shark-fin-soup.php.

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WIC HOWLER

SOCIAL ANXIETY IN A GLOBAL PANDEMIC This often leads to a complete

by Maya A-G (Grade 10) Everyone has adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic in different ways. Some have developed easily, while others have had a more troublesome time finding their way through.

As everyone learns to adapt to this public health crisis, general feelings of fear, worry, and stress become all too familiar. Over long periods of isolation during lockdown, the average human goes stir-crazy at one point or another.

Reports from June 2020 have shown how

repulsion and disengagement towards social situations. COVID-19 did not benefit those who are socially anxious as much as one might think. Isolation was a temporary mitigator of this stress towards social situations for many, as the whole concept of isolation maintains an idea of distancing from people.

much people not only miss seeing loved ones, but also merely the act of human contact and touch. Dr. Tiffany Field, director of the Touch Research Institute of Miami, calls this “touch deprivation.”

This is not always the case, however.

Chinese reports from March 2020 present an idea of social buffering. For those with social anxiety disorder, lockdown provided a sense of relief from day-today socialization.

While all these new responses to the pandemic have manifested, the world has reached a semi ‘post-COVID’ state, in which things are a bit different. Some have adjusted quickly to a more social lifestyle, whereas others, especially with social anxiety, tend to see the world as a scary and overwhelming place.

To clarify, social anxiety is characterized by an intense and persistent fear of embarrassment, rejection, and humiliation from others.

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Nonetheless, Dr. Emily Anhalt, a psychoanalytic psychologist, exposed the negative side effects of isolation in a recent interview. In reference to the first lockdown, Dr. Anhalt states "We are not gathering experiences that disprove our worries; there’s no gradual exposure.

Normally when you are being social in a regular way, you are having some of your worries disproven.” This goes to show that a lack of regular social participation leads to a buildup of more expectations than needed. The unrelenting fear of failure and absence of practice of this very important skill makes people more prone to remembering particularly unpleasant interactions, should they occur.

WIC HOWLER

The convenient excuse of isolation has saved many from confronting their triggers, but as many try to go back to a more normal lifestyle, socializing and all, it's often not as horrifying as it may seem.

Living with social anxiety is doubtlessly burdensome. Sometimes it may feel like too much to handle. Fortunately, especially with COVID-19 social anxiety, many strategies to aid in these stressful times have been developed. The most obvious option perhaps is seeking professional help. While it can be difficult to ignore a sense of embarrassment or reluctance to open up to a stranger, which is completely normal, professionals are ultimately trained to provide a space free of judgement.

On the other hand, it is unfair to assume that this is possible for everyone, as financial situations may not permit it.

Another simple and less pricey strategy is noticing negative self-talk, and practicing fighting it off with positive self-affirmation.

Positive affirmation doesn’t necessarily mean acknowledging one’s level of greatness, rather it means recognizing that there is an intent of bettering oneself, which is good enough. Equally important to maintaining this excellent habit is understanding the cause of social anxiety. By understanding its mechanisms, some feelings of frustration could be alleviated.

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THEWIC BEECH HOWLER POST

The amygdala is the part of the brain that controls fear responses. For those with social anxiety, it is hyperactivated in situations that are perceived as threatening. The extension of this nuclei triggers classic features of anxiety such as a rapid heartbeat, muscle tension, dizziness, and stomach troubles. Whether real or imagined, people with social anxiety have such intense fears that their brains interpret social interactions as actual threats.

Even with all of this, social anxiety is far from a distant problem. The best thing to do is continue bringing awareness to the issue and be compassionate, especially as everyone tries to repair the social damage from the pandemic. Recognizing the effects of the pandemic on social anxiety is the first step, the next is getting over the impact, which is quite frankly, extremely feasible.

Pierrel, Charlotte. “Social Anxiety in a Global Pandemic.” The McGill Daily, 1 Feb. 2021, https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2021/02/social-anxiety-in-a-globalpandemic/.

MD Anderson Cancer Center, and Ph.D. Catherine Powers-James.

“Managing Social Anxiety: How to Regain the Ground You've Lost Due to Covid-19.” MD Anderson Cancer Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 20 May 2021, https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/managing-socialanxiety--how-to-regain-the-ground-you-have-lost-during-thecovid-19-pandemic.h00-159460845.html.

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WIC HOWLER

WHY PHYSICAL HEALTH IS NOT THE ONLY CONCERN IN THIS GLOBAL PANDEMIC

by Ayza Morin (Grade 9 ) The ramifications of the ongoing global pandemic are not only deep-rooted in current society, but they pertain to several different aspects of an individual’s life; their relationships, their physical well-being, and in particular, the mental health of themselves and others. In a time where people are stripped of almost all normalcy, one struggles to find hope in the dark of isolation, fear, and anger. In a time of job insecurity, increasing, troubling records of deaths, constant reminders of economic ruin and instability, along with the ever-changing rules and regulations, many are breaking under the weight of the world collapsing.

It is for this reason that mental health illnesses and issues are more pronounced and prevalent than ever before, and why physical health is not the only concern of Covid-19.

It is not confidential nor inconspicuous that the economy has faltered under the pandemic; the amalgamation of the lack of consumers and lack of ability to even travel or enter establishments has placed a significant hindrance on many corporations. As a result of decreasing profits, many companies have been forced to let go of a great number of their employees, or even permanently close their doors. When individuals experience job loss or unemployment, the probability of them experiencing mental health issues rapidly rises.

According to one statistic, 53% of individuals who lost their jobs report struggling with anxiety or depression, compared to 32% of individuals who are employed.

PAGE 28

Job insecurity and financial/economic instability deriving from the pandemic has affected many, and consequently, their mental health and well-being have suffered.In addition to those unemployed, there are numerous groups of people with impacted mental health. For children and teens, this can be anxiety, depression, and a lack of motivation as a result of not seeing friends or family. Furthermore, not being able to experience normal every-day activities, being exposed to a death (or several deaths) in the family and undergoing feelings of uncertainty regarding the future all greatly affect mental health. Similarly for parents, many struggle to provide childcare and support for their children who must stay home and keep up with the responsibilities that ensure their household thrives.

However, sometimes the anxiety originates from the fear of actually leaving one’s house.

WIC HOWLER

Amidst the unceasing news from the media surrounding Covid-19, many are nervous to venture out into the world even after restrictions are loosened.

This is especially true for the elderly and individuals with underlying health conditions, who are more susceptible to the risks of the illness and prone to long-lasting after-effects months after the disease has run its course.

Furthermore, relationships and views on the government have shifted greatly since the beginning of this pandemic. When rules and regulations are being consistently altered, many individuals develop a sense of distrust with the leaders who are at the forefront of upholding the nation.

These changes, including the adding

Finally, it is important to note that resources for mental health have decreased significantly due to the global pandemic and restrictions.

Many have relapsed or turned to substance abuse, reaching for unhealthy outlets to take their frustration out on. It has become abundantly clear that Covid-19 may be something that we must live with and endure, and its effects on the mental health of many may remain for years ahead. Although mental health may not be a novelty, it has certainly been emphasized in the pandemic, and Covid-19 is a reminder of the effort society needs to put in to support the world and its people.

and subtracting of things one can or cannot do, leave many hopeless, scared, or confused. These are all feelings that can have adverse mental health effects. What’s more, there is no absence of varying opinions on the pandemic, especially revolving around how the government should react and take action based on current circumstances. Outside pressures, and internal disagreements with family members and others on issues related to Covid-19 can greatly impact how one feels about oneself on a daily basis. Different ideologies, although needed in society, do not always result in harmony, and arguments regarding what is right or what should be done can make people feel depressed or anxious.

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Nirmita Panchal, Rabah Kamal, and Feb 2021. “The Implications of COVID-19 for Mental Health and Substance Use.” KFF, 20 July 2021, https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/theimplications-of-covid-19-for-mental-health-andsubstance-use/.

Javed, Bilal, et al. “The Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic's Impact on Mental Health.” The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Sept. 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7361582/.

WIC HOWLER

LOVE ON TOUR

by Romi S (Grade 9) Midway through the concert, the lights went off. Upon return, the fans were treated to his album opener, Golden. The show played all of the songs on his second album, except for “To Be So Lonely”. He also played the songs from his first album: Carolina, Only Angel, and Two Ghosts. He ended with his most beloved and upbeat song from his self-titled album, Kiwi. Next on his list of cities are San Jose, San Diego, and Inglewood. The last stop for Styles will After nearly a year and a half of delays be November 28 at the new UBS Arena in around Covid-19 restrictions, the much- Belmont Park, NY. anticipated Harry Styles “Love On Tour” concert is finally here. The concert sold out two years ago and fans couldn’t be more thrilled to finally see their favorite artist live again. After the first show on September 4th in Las Vegas, Styles and his live band continued their crosscountry adventure. His fans were unaware of what songs Harry Styles was going to play during the tour, but they knew that they were in for a treat based on his 2017 “Live On Tour” shows.

In conclusion, the “Love on tour” concert was the highlight of 2021 for many Harry Styles fans, without a doubt.

With Covid-19 restrictions easing in more countries, international fans look forward to a glimpse of the former One Direction icon.

Lariat Contributor, et al. “Lariat Contributor.” The Baylor Lariat, 14 Sept. 2021, https://baylorlariat.com/2021/09/13/review-harry-stylesstuns-fans-during-love-on-tour/ Ayers, Grant. “Review: Harry Styles 'Love on Tour' Concert.” The Spectrum, 23 Sept. 2021, http://ndsuspectrum.com/review-harry-styles-love-on-

Singer, Jenny Lewis, was the opening act tour-concert/ of Styles’ tour. Many of the people Hecht, Sara. “‘Love on Tour:" Harry Styles Concert attending the show knew her songs, and Review.” Villanovan (Villanova University), 22 Sept. 2021, http://www.villanovan.com/culture/love-on-tour-harryshe attracted a few new fans along the styles-concert-review/article_0fecdd0a-1bea-11ec-8cecway. Harry Styles had a brief interlude 4fda2588e781.html. that took place between the opening and Singh, Ashish. “Harry Styles 'Love on Tour' with Jenny Lewis: Dates, Venues and How to Buy Tickets.” MEAWW, main events. The fans went wild over 14 July 2021, https://meaww.com/harry-styles-love-onStyles’ performance, and everyone tour-with-jenny-lewis-dates-venues-tickets-how-todanced with one another.

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livestream-line-up.

WIC HOWLER

AN OVERVIEW OF A MONSTER CALLS AND HOW IT ADDRESSES GRIEF

by Naomi H (Grade 10) A Monster Calls , written by Patrick Ness, was inspired by Siobhan Dowd.

Before her passing, she had written a premise for a new novel, which was what Ness adapted. He certainly did an outstanding job with the novel, which illustrates the experience of grief, especially while young.

At the age of thirteen, one would expect to have few responsibilities, and a parental figure to rely on when tragedy strikes. Conor O’Malley, the protagonist, had the opposite. Ever since his mother was diagnosed with cancer, he resolved to be self-reliant until the treatment could make her well. Conor kept his emotions hidden each day. When people at school began bullying him, after his former best friend told their peers about his mother’s illness, he didn’t fight back.

In time, he would begin to understand its motivations.

The most important aspect of A Monster Calls is the understanding it builds of the process of grief. A powerful narrative and illustrative writing style lend themselves to a deep understanding of the main character, Conor. One of the most illuminating quotations is as follows, “Everything (seemed) heavy and impossible, like he’d been asked to lift a mountain with his bare hands and no one would let him leave until he did.” (p.53) This gripping novel is well worth reading.

Patrick Ness’ writing communicates with readers on a deep level, allowing them to meet sympathetic characters; imagine fantastical encounters with a mystical yew tree beast; and gain an insight into the

process of grief.

At home, he clung on to denial of his mother’s illness. He stuck to the idea that he and his mother could take care of themselves. He didn’t even want his grandmother to provide an extra helping hand in the house.

Conor’s dreams painted his emotions in a

far different light. A recurring nightmare terrified him. In this nightmare, he held his mother’s hand as tightly as he could and tried desperately to prevent her from falling into an abyss. Despite his every effort, she slipped out of his grasp. In contrast to his terror about this nightmare, he felt no fear when a gigantic beast, which morphed from the yew tree behind his house, called for him in the night.

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WIC HOWLER

FILM AND TELEVISION DURING THE PANDEMIC

by Adam E (Grade 12) 2021 has been an interesting year for the entertainment industry. With the

T H E

shutdown of theatres and film festivals for the better part of 2020 and 2021,

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conventional methods of distribution and viewership have changed drastically in the last 14 months. At the start of the

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Netflix, Amazon Prime and Disney Plus saw a huge increase of users and in watch

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pandemic, streaming services such as

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time. The rise of streaming services in the industry has fundamentally changed the way both movies and TV shows are perceived by the public, and more importantly producers.

The way people consume media on streaming services has changed since the start of the pandemic. With the rise of streaming giants in the early 2010’s and the recent closure of theatres, the way people consume film and television has drastically changed during the pandemic.

In 2020 to the start of 2021 alone, Netflix has had a massive surge of users. With original shows being produced every month, Netflix has basically completely replaced the traditional role of cable television in entertainment. Along with the unprecedented success of Squid Games, which is now the highest grossing show on the platform, and the highly anticipated release of season two of The Witcher in December, the popularity of Netflix is still rising fast.

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WIC HOWLER

FILM AND TELEVISION DURING THE PANDEMIC

by Adam E (Grade 12) It’s not just Netflix that has seen an uptake in viewership. Amazon Prime, the current primary competition to Netflix has seen a 50% growth in user numbers since the start of 2020, along with its fair share of platform originals, including the release of the 2021 feature film: Tomorrow War. HBO Max has also seen a huge uptake in new viewers, with anticipated releases of shows such as Succession leading to an uptake in users.

This success may be partly attributed to the change in perception of film and

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offer on demand, fast access programming. This also often came at a cheaper price than traditional cable packages, with a large portion of cable users completely opting out of cable services. In 2019, 6.3 million cable users cut the cord and moved to streaming.

Viewer perception of media has also changed the way productions are released and marketed. Internet adverts are now much more effective than posters or cable commercials, and consumers are more likely to watch a show on a streaming service than they are to watch it on cable television.

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WIC HOWLER

Viewers are also more likely to watch a movie on a streaming platform than to go watch it in theatres. With producers wanting to release where the viewers are, many small production companies are choosing to go with streaming service contracts over cable contracts. Many major cable production companies are also attempting to negotiate contracts with streaming services, such as how FOX has signed contracts with Disney Plus, allowing for streaming of FOX movies and FXX television content. As productions shift to be more streaming friendly, the budget of many new shows has increased substantially, as there is a greater motivation for producers to get users to subscribe over getting views on cable television.

Many movie goers and production

With the massive success of theatre release of Shang-Chi, many big budget production companies beyond Marvel are making a return to the box office.

Warner Brothers had set a few of its biggest 2022 feature films to be released exclusively in

companies alike are now worried about

theatres.October of 2021 was also the

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big screen return and finale of Daniel

the recent plunge in popularity of

Craig as James Bond in No Time to Die

theaters due to COVID restrictions.

, which received moderate success at

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box offices. With the regaining

feature films will be simultaneously cast

demand for box office hits, many

for rent on HBO Max, including the highly production companies may decide to return to the original format of box anticipated release of Denis Villeneuve’s Dune adaptation, which is projected to be one of the biggest movies in 2021.

office releases, similarly to how it was pre-pandemic.

While many producers are opting out of the theater experience, 2021 also saw the return of the box office giant, Marvel Studios, with their movies Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings and Black Widow . While Black Widow was available in both theaters and Disney Plus on release, Shang-Chi was a theatre only event. Shang-Chi showed the power of theaters in the industry and helped regain the relevancy of theaters in a modern entertainment climate.

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WIC HOWLER

While traditional film festivals may have been hit hard by the pandemic, they also became much more accessible for the public. The Calgary International Film Festival went online this year, only having a few in person release events, such as the critically acclaimed Night Raiders by Danis Goulet, which later went to public cinemas on October 8th.

The online streaming of film festivals has made smaller producers and directors much more mainstream and available to the public.

The Toronto International Film Festival, one of the biggest film festivals in the world, also went online in 2021. With the growing variety and easy accessibility of the film industry, film festivals are becoming much more popular, and the wide range of films, shows and productions is constantly expanding.

Where the entertainment industry goes from here, is still to be decided. As the entertainment climate changes, and the availability and variety of content grows, new methods of consumption are being pioneered. Will theaters regain their pre“14 Fascinating Cord Cutting Statistics in 2020.”

BroadbandSearch.net, 2020, https://www.broadbandsearch.net/blog/cord-cuttingstatistics.

“Home " CIFF.” CIFF, https://www.ciffcalgary.ca/

pandemic popularity, or will the rise of streaming giants take over the industry?

Kats, Rimma. “Netflix Statistics: How Many Subscribers Does Netflix Have? Worldwide, US Member Count and Growth.”

Insider Intelligence, https://www.insiderintelligence.com/insights/netflixsubscribers/ “Toronto International Film Festival.” TIFF, https://www.tiff.net/

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WIC HOWLER

THE MET GALA

by Aurelia D (Grade 12) When thinking of the Met Gala this year one word comes to mind: underwhelming. When compared to other years, this year’s Met falls painfully short. Not to point fingers, but I believe the theme is at fault. I mean seriously... “Celebrating in America: A lexicon of fashion”? they might as well have yelled “America!” and called it a day, because that’s essentially what it was.

Although the theme was confusing, overall, it did leave room for guests to

My personal favorite interpretation: Old Hollywood. We saw stars such as Yara Shahidi and Kendall Jenner paying tribute to their favorite starlets with their vintage inspired gowns. Other guests , however , did not understand the assignment, and in typical forty-year-old man fashion turned up wearing a black and white tux; otherwise known as the most boring outfit possible. Timothée Chalamet however, put a daring twist on the classic black and white suit, opting instead for sweatpants and high-top Convers e ; a look that was delightfully shocking and very in character for the young actor.

get creative.

So, what does the best dressed list look like this year?

Oscar de la Renta is a name that seems to pop up a lot, a Dominican designer, most famously known for dressing Jacky Kennedy in the 60s. This year his designs were widely featured on the list, worn by guests such as Kaia Gerber and Billie Eilish.

He also designed the outfit for Anna Wintour, also known as: editor and chief of Vogue for more than 30 years. His designs most certainly stood out in this year's lineup. Another starlet whose outfit seems to be universally adored is none other than Kendall Jenner’s. She wore a rhinestone and silk Givenchy dress inspired by Audrey Hepburn in My Fair Lady. Finally, the supermodel who has been constantly awarded the much-coveted title of Best Dressed... Iman Mohamed Abdulmajid. She wore a Harris Reed, baroque inspired, gown, which was as eye catching as it was big.

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When scrolling through countless articles and staring at pictures online, from this year’s Met Gala, it became immediately clear that this year wasn’t going to compete with the 2018 Met; widely recognized as one of the best Met Galas of all time. However, some of the fashion choices truly were quite spectacular. Despite the theme lacking creativity, after two years of missing red-carpet events the Met set the tone for a new era of fashion with its few interesting attractions.

sources: Allaire, Christian. “Timothée Chalamet Walked 10 Blocks to the 2021 Met Gala-and Showed up in Sweats.” Google, Google, 13 Sept. 2021, https://www.google.ca/amp/s/www.vogue.com/article/ timothee-chalamet-met-gala-2021-haiderackermann/amp.

Satenstein, Liana. “Kendall Jenner and Zoë Kravitz Put a Luxe Spin on Exposed Underwear.” Google, Google, 13 Sept. 2021, https://www.google.ca/amp/s/www.vogue.com/article/ kendall-jenner-zoe-kravitz-exposed-thong-grannypanty-met-gala-2021/amp.

Nast, Condé. “Met Gala 2021 Red Carpet: See All Celebrity Dresses, Outfits & Looks Here.” Vogue, Vogue, 13 Sept. 2021, https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/met-gala-2021-redcarpet-live-celebrity-fashion.

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YOUR FALL HOROSCOPES 2021

by Saoirse M Grade 12

Aries Hey, Aries! This autumn, hopefully you’ll feel like you’re finally settling back into your irl (in real life) relationships. However, you may find yourself getting into arguments over inconsequential things. My advice?

Leave it be. Turn off your phone and get some air. If you begin to feel off-balance mentally, just remember that you can make your decisions and reach conclusions later. On a happier note, you may be nearing completion of a project or goal you’ve been working toward for a long time. Congratulations!

Taurus Hi, Taurus! With these first few weeks of school already behind you, you are probably feeling like you’re ready to get involved around campus. If you’re itching to take on a greater responsibility in a club or on a team—go for it! Proper planning will be the key to your success in the coming months. Just remember that taking the time to do things properly is always better than rushing something at the last minute. Building a strong support group may also help you avoid burnout.

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Gemini Gemini, let’s face it; you’ve probably been feeling a bit out of whack lately. Don’t worry though — a burst of energy will soon help you to reignite your passions. This fall, embrace any heightened connections you may feel with your friends and loved ones. You’ll likely feel that it is easier to see eye-to-eye with your peers this month. If you can go with the flow, the new and exciting opportunities you’ve been waiting for might just arrive.

Cancer Hello, Cancer! This autumn, it may be wise to pace yourself until you can get back into the rhythm of school. Confusion in your personal life may end up spilling into your academic world. Taking time to organize your physical space will likely help you to organize your mental space. With the threat of exams already looming, don’t be afraid to reach out to old friends (or even make new ones) to build a solid support circle. All that hard work you’ve been putting into school and life will pay off soon!

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Leo This fall you’re going to have some really innovative ideas, dear Leo! Now is the time to figure out how you can bring those ideas to fruition. Be warned: you may face more bumps than usual along the way, but it will be well worth it!

While you’re hard at work, don’t forget to relax and perhaps indulge in a guilty pleasure. With a more open mind, you may have an easier time focusing on your academics and getting those grades above and beyond where you want them to be.

Libra Hey there, Libra! You’re probably feeling pumped up and ready to get into the school year, but unforeseen obstacles may be throwing you off.

Don’t worry too much—delays in projects might be a blessing in disguise, for they could give you some time to slow down and enjoy experiences. Remember that it’s okay to second guess yourself, but "DID YOU KNOW not every decision requires a full-on

pros-and-consTHAT list. Also, it’s birthday THE WOLVERINE time! Bask in that birthday energy ISthe ONE OF THE and show world your awesomeness!

STINKIEST

ANIMALS IN THE WORLD?" Virgo Salutations, fellow Virgos! Miscommunication and social confusion may be running rampant in your life right now. Not to worry though—you’re not the only one who feels this way! If you keep yourself on track for your own goals, you will likely be able to push through the confusion

Scorpio Howdy, Scorpio! This fall, trust your gut when making decisions. Take the time to strategize for the year ahead—just remember to block off some space to give yourself some TLC. Keep yourself healthy, especially if you’re putting your nose to the grindstone on a

with little resistance from your peers. Get ready—life is about to become a fast-paced rollercoaster in the months ahead. Nevertheless, the payoff for all your hard work will come sooner than you know!

major project. You might feel like the work you’re putting in is unrewarding, but being behind the scenes is just as, if not more, important than being in the spotlight.

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Sagittarius

Aquarius

Greetings, Sagittarius! You’ll likely be feeling comfortable in the social

Ciao, Aquarius! You might finally be able to get out there and do some

life you’ve established for yourself.

Relish all of those wholesome, hilarious, and unique interactions you will experience with your friends. Rekindling old relationships may be easier than

travelling this fall! If you’ve been worried about more Covid delays, take the time to practice self-care. Maybe a hot bath, a walk in a park, or watching Squid Game will take your mind off of the

usual this month. All of this social networking you’ve probably been doing may lead to an important

hard things. In the coming months as the whirlwind of your life calms down, those worries will likely calm

role being set aside, just for you. If you haven’t already, learn how to graciously accept compliments— you’ll be receiving a lot of them this autumn!

down as well. Communication will "DID YOU KNOW likely become easier for you as the THATmight be a year progresses, so it THEtoWOLVERINE good idea look into shaping your IS ONE OFexams!

THE future. Good luck on

STINKIEST ANIMALS IN THE WORLD?" Capricorn Hey, Capricorn! Following your ambitions will likely be the name of the game for you this autumn; smash those goals out of the park!

However, be wary of investing too much time into new endeavours. It might be best to wrap up everything you’ve got on the go right now before jumping into another huge project. Don’t forget to take some time to relax at home with your family and friends, or perhaps, even partake in a home improvement project.

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Pisces Bonjour, Pisces! I’m sorry to inform you that there may be a mountain of homework in your future. With that, you will likely spend a lot of time studying for tests and preparing for other academic pursuits. Don’t worry too much—as we inch towards the winter months, your personal life may start to balance out school, which could help you understand more in your academic life. By the end of the season, you will hopefully be rewarded for all your hard work and dedication.

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Horoscopes.com. “Pisces Monthly Horoscope: October 2021.” Pisces Monthly Horoscope: October 2021 | Horoscope.com, 22 Oct. 2021, https://www.horoscope.com/us/horoscopes/ general/horoscope-general-monthly.aspx? sign=12.

No author. “Science Quotes (9873 Quotes).” Goodreads, Goodreads, 2021, https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/scie nce.

Fortune cookie “Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less.” ― Marie Curie

"DID YOU KNOW THAT THE WOLVERINE IS ONE OF THE STINKIEST ANIMALS IN THE WORLD?"

“Never memorize something that you can look up.” ― Albert Einstein Lucky Numbers 01 – 32 – 07 – 68 – 44

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