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volume 131, number 42

wednesday, April 4, 2012

Davis Bee Sanctuary celebrates grand opening Bee lovers gather to sample honey, attend workshops

Nathan Chan / Aggie

The Davis Bee Sanctuary, located on Orchard Park Dr., offers a safe space for bees to gather and an educational experience for visitors.

By KELSEY SMOOT Aggie Features Writer

For some, the thought of a bee sting conjures up the fear of anaphylactic shock, and potentially, fatality. Others consider bees

to be an extreme annoyance and try to avoid them if possible. But a group of local bee enthusiasts known as the Davis Bee Collective views bees as pertinent members of the ecosystem as well as gentle, cooperative creatures.

In order to educate the public and create a safe space for bees, the Collective held a grand opening of the Davis Bee Sanctuary on Sunday afternoon. Located behind the Domes on Orchard Park Drive, the Bee Sanctuary’s apiary, or bee yard, serves as a place for bees to swarm and nurture their young. Additionally, the sanctuary is an educational garden where people can learn about keeping bees and harvesting honey without using chemicals. The grand opening was attended by a diverse crowd of interested bee supporters, including small children, students and experienced beekeepers. Free samples of honey were distributed, and several workshops were given on beekeeping tactics. The Bee Sanctuary is home to thousands of bees, as well as dozens of different flowers and several types of fruits. The sanctuary features a labyrinth-shaped walkway, seven hives that are currently occupied by bees and a myriad of gardens, including raspberries, shrubs, perennials, and catnip. The garden portion of the apiary implements modern techniques, such as hugelkultur, to make the area cost effective and environmentally efficient. Hugelkultur is essentially a raised garden comprised of buried wood. The wood provides nutrients and air pockets for roots of plants and holds water, diminishing the need for irrigation. Derek Downey, a member of the Davis Bee Collective who graduated from UC Davis with a degree in engineering in 2009, said that one of the most important functions of the Bee Sanctuary is

to provide bees with a source of food year-round. “The flowers we planted have different blooming times, so the bees have a constant food source,” Downey said. Downey, who has been beekeeping for seven years, described the sanctuary as a place where aspiring beekeepers can keep their bees, use shared tools and information and collect honey during the summer. In January, he taught a workshop on building beehives. The Collective is open to any aspiring beekeepers, and new members can build a hive to keep at the Bee Sanctuary. “We provide the tools, and each hive costs $40. If someone was to build the same hives on their own, it would cost them several hundred dollars,” Downey said. Additionally, Downey said the bees are often misunderstood, as well as underappreciated. “They support us. We use them. They account for $16 billion of value from their pollination in food production in America. Without them, the quality and quantity of food would decrease dramatically. Every third bite you eat, you should thank a honeybee,” Downey said. Fellow bee lover Melanie Lataste said that her work at the Davis Bee Sanctuary can be attributed to her natural love of wildlife. “I used to be a biologist, so bees are a natural attraction for me. If you get to learn from them, you get completely seduced. I’m always afraid to get stung, though; I’m a very cautious person. But to be a beekeeper and think that you’re never going to get stung is an illusion,” Lataste said.

Symposium to be held in observance of National Public Health Week State Health Officer Ron Chapman to be keynote speaker

By STEPHANIE B. NGUYEN Aggie News Writer

Aside from being the start of Spring Quarter, this week is also National Public Health Week. The UC Davis Department of Public Health Sciences is observing National Public Health Week by sponsoring a symposium on campus this Thursday. Keynote speaker Ron Chapman, Director and State Health Officer for the California Department of Public Health, will be discussing health equity

Public library closed Sunday and Monday State and local funding shortfalls will cause the closure of the Yolo County Library branches, which will be closed April 8 to 9. These days will be staff furlough days for the Davis, Winters, West Sacramento, Clarksburg, Esparto and Knights Landing branches. “Yolo County Library’s online services will remain available during these closures,” Yolo County Librarian Patty Wong said in a press release. “Meanwhile, no items will be due or accrue fees for these two days.” The parking lot for the Mary L. Stephens Branch Library in Davis will be inaccessible April 7 to 10 for resealing and restriping work. The library will still be open on April 7 and April 10. — Angela Swartz

Today’s weather Partly cloudy High 62 Low 40

in California. “We hope this event will bring awareness to public health and teach our guests about the different avenues of public health,” said Crystal Saetern, student affairs officer for the UC Davis Master of Public Health Program. Student Affairs Officer Amber Carrere agreed. “A lot of students don’t know what’s happening in public health,” Carrere said. “It’s a good time to showcase what’s going on, not only in the state, but locally as well.”

Organized since April 1995 by the American Public Health Association, the week-long awareness event aims to highlight issues and bring recognition to contributions to public health. According to Saetern, Chapman will discuss causes of statewide health inequity, including how social determinants of health contribute to the inequity. The event will be held in Medical Sciences 1C, room 180 from 5 to 7 p.m. STEPHANIE B. NGUYEN can be reached at campus@ theaggie.org.

Downey also acknowledged the reality of bee stings, but said there is a way to minimize the possibility of a sting. “You get stung once in awhile. It doesn’t bother me anymore. I’ve built up immunity to it. The best way to get over a fear of bees is to learn how to calm the mind when you’re opening a bee hive,” Downey said. Sophomore theatre major Sarah Salem said that her residency at the Domes gives her a front row seat to Davis Bee Sanctuary. “Since I live right at the Domes, I can get honey from friends. The whole process of just watching how the bees live together is interesting. It’s like a little universe,” Salem said. In addition to the honey that the majority of the bees at the sanctuary produce, the apiary has the means to produce wax, lotion, lip balms, candles and medicine from some of the herbs. “The easy way out is to go to the store and buy stuff. The better way is to talk to your neighbors. The bee sanctuary is entirely donation-based,” Downey said. For those interested in getting involved with the project, the Davis Bee Collective meets at the apiary every Sunday from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. Additionally, they post information about the Bee sanctuary on DavisWiki. The bee lovers hope to continue to expand the Bee sanctuary and possibly connect it with some of the gardens at the Domes. “You get into beekeeping for the honey. You stay for the bees,” Lataste said. KELSEY SMOOT can be reached at features@ theaggie.org.

News iN Brief

UC Davis East Quad Farmers Market today Today is the first day of the UC Davis East Quad Farmers Market at the Silo. The on-campus farmers market, which used to be on the Quad, is a place where students and faculty can buy fresh produce. The market is co-sponsored by UC Davis Stores (formerly UC Davis Bookstores), Campus Recreation and Unions, Student Health and Counseling Services, Students for Sustainable Agriculture, UC Davis Dining Services, the Davis

Farmers Market and the Davis Food Co-op. “It’s going to be a festive atmosphere, more fun than walking a produce aisle,” said Jason Lorgan, associate director of the UC Davis Stores, in a press release. Opening day festivities will include music, face painting and button making. The market will take place every Wednesday through June 6, from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. — Hannah Strumwasser

Davis Farmers Market Cookbook will be released this Saturday Authors will be present for book signing and book distribution

By ANGELA SWARTZ Aggie City Editor

The Davis Farmers Market will celebrate the debut of The Davis Farmers Market Cookbook this Saturday. This event coincides with the official release of the book. This will be the first of several Market Cookbook Day events to headline the cookbook. Co-authors Georgeanne Brennan and Ann Evans will be there to sign cookbooks. Customers with cookbook gift cards purchased from the Market can redeem them at the Market Shed. The UC Davis Dining Commons will offer “tastes of cookbook recipes” at each Cookbook Day. In the book, Winters resident Brennan and former Davis Mayor and food activist Evans

praise the Davis Farmers Market and the local food showcased there every week. The book details eight recipes to adapt to any season, followed by four chapters with each chapter containing about 20 recipes. Alice Waters, Chez Panisse founder and food activist, wrote the book’s foreword. Davis Farmers Market Manager Randii MacNear said the Market plans to use the cookbook as a platform for events throughout 2012. “When the cookbook goes on sale April 7, The Davis Farmers Market Cookbook is going to claim a top spot on bookshelves of home cooks and farmers market lovers everywhere,” she said in a press release. “The Farmers Market has spawned all kinds of side projects, including the school

Forecast I’ve realized that this cold weather is becoming tiresome. Therefore I, the all-powerful Aggie Weather Forecaster, command the weather to become warmer this weekend! Get outside and enjoy the spring temperatures. Kenneth Doss, atmospheric science major Aggie Forecasting Team

Crunch Lunch program, the RISE (Recycling is Simply Elementary) program in the schools, and much more,” said Davis Mayor Joe Krovoza in an e-mail. “It’s given us a great permanent rain/shade canopy that hosts many other events. The book is just one more example of the FM as a hub of numerous great things.” MacNear added that this is the first time the Market has launched a cookbook, so this is a big deal for them. The authors are also signing books and selling the books at the new UC Davis Farmers Market at the campus Silo today. This soft launch will be from 11:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Other cookbook signings at the Market are: May 26, 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. and June 16, 10 to 11 a.m. Additional signings are

Thursday

Friday

Mostly sunny

High 60 Low 37

High 62 Low 39

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The idea to write the Davis Farmers Market Cookbook was conceived by the co-authors Brennan and Evans about three years ago. scheduled for this fall. The book costs $24.95. ANGELA SWARTZ can be reached at city@theaggie. org.

Terrafugia Inc. announced that its prototype flying car has completed its first flight, meaning they may begin to sell the flying car within the next year. Don’t be alarmed if you look up and the sky is full of cars. Amanda Nguyen

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daily calendar dailycal@theaggie.org

TODAY UC Davis Summer Abroad Expedited Enrollment Period 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Education Abroad Center, Third and A Street For students interested in taking their college experience global this summer, UC Davis Summer Abroad is introducing a new expedited enrollment period, allowing students to secure their spots in a program in a single day.

Student Farm Introductory Tour 10 to 10:50 a.m. North entrance to the Bowley Center Take this tour to learn more about how to get involved at the student farm.

Food Addicts in Recovery Anonymous

Come listen to the instructor talk about this summer’s UC Davis study abroad program in Israel!

Shinkoskey Noon Concert 12:05 to 1 p.m. 115 Music Watch this free performance of Jonathan Nadel on tenor, Laura Reynolds on oboe and Megumi Chen on piano. Works include Vaughan Williams’ Ten Blake Songs for voice and oboe, and songs by Schumann, Strauss and Donaudy.

Biomedical Seminar Series 4:10 to 5 p.m 1005 GBSF Listen to this seminar about Cardiac CaMKII signaling in heart failure, arrhythmias and transcriptional regulation, given by Dr. Donald M. Bers.

7 to 8:30 p.m. Davis United Methodist Church, 1620 Anderson Road Free yourself from excess weight and/ or obsessional thoughts about food and body image. Food Addicts in Recovery Anonymous (FA) is a 12-step fellowship based on the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Meetings are open and free to the public. Visit foodaddicts.org for other meeting locations.

The Counter-Cinema of the Berlin School

Shakespeare Reading Group — Richard III

8 to 10 p.m. Lab A, Wright UC Davis Ph.D. candidate in performance studies Jess Curtis will perform his latest work, Jess Meets Angus, at UC Davis as part of the UC Davis Institute for Exploration in Theatre, Dance and Performance. Performances will continue through Friday at the same time and location.

7 to 8:30 p.m. Pence Gallery — “Learning Center” Upstairs, 212 D St. The next Reading Group is right around the corner to broaden your knowledge of Shakespeare by reading Richard III. No prior knowledge is necessary. Students $8, Adults $10. RSVP by e-mailing davis. shakespeare@gmail.com or calling (530) 802-0998.

Pledge Orange 7:30 to 9 p.m. 106 Wellman Join the Sikh Cultural Association of UC Davis in an interactive and informational session about Bhai Balwant Singh Rajoana, who is on death row in India due to discriminatory and inhumane policies of the government of India against Sikhs and Punjab.

Jordan’s Beard and Yogoman Burning Band 8 to 10 p.m. Luigi’s, 213 E St. Jordan’s Beard and Yogoman Burning Band will be laying down grooves for a funky dance party, welcome to all.

Relay For Life team meetings 8 to 9 p.m. 212 Wellman We will be going over important event details and answering any last-minute questions, so please get at least one (or all!) of your team members to attend! It is mandatory that one team member attend at least one meeting.

THURSDAY Student Farm Introductory Tour 10 to 10:50 a.m. North entrance to the Bowley Center Take this tour to learn more about how to get involved at the student farm.

Summer Abroad Info Session: Israel, “Arab-Israeli Relations” Noon to 1 p.m. Education Abroad Center, Third and A Street

4:10 to 5:30 p.m. 53A Olson Listen to a talk given by Professor Marco Abel, Associate Professor, University of Nebraska about the Counter-Cinema of the Berlin School, filming the nation in the age of neoliberalism.

Jess Meets Angus

The Poetry Night Reading Series  8 to 10 p.m. John Natsoulas Gallery, 521 First St. Scot Siegel and Laurie Glover will be giving a poetry reading followed by a performance of Relapse by the Davis Shakespeare Ensemble.

FRIDAY Junior Recital 3:30 pm 115 Music Watch this free performance of works by Bach, Beethoven, Liszt and Chopin by Katherine Chu on piano.

Student Farm Introductory Tour 3:10 to 4 p.m. North entrance to the Bowley Center Take this tour to learn more about how to get involved at the student farm.

Meet the Artist Reception 5:30 to 8:30 p.m. Chase Bank, 304 Main Street, Woodland Go see the art exhibit of Joseph Bellacera. To receive placement in the AGGIE DAILY CALENDAR, e-mail dailycal@theaggie. org or stop by 25 Lower Freeborn by noon the day prior to your event. Due to space constraints, all event descriptions are subject to editing, and priority will be given to events that are free of charge and geared toward the campus community.

Correction In the April 3 article, “Students reveal best lesser-known jobs on campus,” Kevin Ross’s name was misspelled. The Aggie regrets the error.

Jason Alpert Editor in Chief

Amy Stewart Science Editor

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counter to the one that I was raised with, the one that shapes the lens through which I view society today. When I start to think a little too highly of myself and my Pamela accomplishments, my mom Nonga Ngue wastes no time in reminding me that I would be nothing and nowhere without the hard work and sacrifice of herself and my father. (“You think are grown now, huh? Think again!”) It’s the same with health care. People act like certain groups (i.e., the poor, the old, rom March 26 to March those with pre-existing conditions) only take from soci28, the Supreme Court ety without giving back, while of the United States others give and seem to get heard the first arguments nothing in return. I don’t befor and against President lieve this is true. We are all deObama’s health care law. pendent on each other. We The Affordable Care Act was passed by Congress two years are all needed to make the system work. Access to health ago, drawing up a storm of care can be a matter of life controversy from the time and death. As a community, of its initial inception to the is it fair to say that only those casting of the final vote. who can afAt the cenford it, or ter of the conIf you can’t do something for the ones troversy is the debate yourself, then why is it anyone’s with the powof whethresponsibility to do it for you? most er, deserve er the govthe best ernment, under Obama’s leadership, over- chance at life? According to the Institute stepped its constitutionally of Medicine and the Census granted authority by forcing Bureau, an estimated 137,000 Americans to get health care coverage. Should the bill have people died from 2000 to 2006 because they were unineven been on the House and sured. This happened in one Senate floors for votes in the of the richest countries in the first place? Other concerns world. These people shaped include how much the overlives, contributed to the haul would cost, and who economy and had families would pay for it. The right and friends, and the self-proclaims that Obama is slowly turning the United States into claimed greatest nation on the s-word. And there is noth- the planet let them down. Sometimes I think we get ing more heinous and despiso caught up in defending cable on this planet than soour personal liberties that cialism, of course. You see, the United States we forget the bigger picture. is a very individualistic coun- Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness … we all want try. Individualism is emit, so why not help each othbedded in its history and er achieve that goal? The exhas influenced its evolution tremes of socialism are inover the years. As a coundeed counter-productive try, our philosophy is that in a country like the United people should pull themselves up by their own boot- States. However, some of its principles can potentially be straps and do it all on their very beneficial, especially in own. The American dream times like these where ineqis reserved for those who uity is gradually turning the put in the work, for the self“United” in United States into made men and women. “Divided.” Understandably, after years It appears that the law may of hard work, it’s hard to let not get the majority votes it someone take a portion of the fruits of your labor away needs due to the individual mandate that requires all from you. It’s even harder when that someone happens citizens to have some sort of health care. If the Supreme to be the government. Court strikes it down due Some say the health to purely legal concerns, I care law is the antithesis of would understand. However, American ideals because it would be sad to see such it rewards people who, for beneficial and much-needwhatever reason, can’t get ed reform be cast aside forevhealth care on their own. If er post-ruling due to partisan you can’t do something for politics. yourself, then why is it anyWe’re talking about real one’s responsibility to do it for you? Why must taxpayers people and real lives with real once again pick up the slack? health concerns. Let’s not forget that. Inequity is a fact of life, and attempting to reduce it can only lead to an increase in Contact PAMELA NONGA NGUE at pamnonga@ overall inefficiency. ucdavis.edu for more super insightful, super deep remarks on the current state of our world. It’s a mentality that runs

Care about health care

The california Aggie

en. My cookie duster only knew the answer to hiding crumbs, Trebek and Einstein I was not. MLK helped remove some abhorrent qualities from our Nolan country. I only had a soup Sheldon strainer. Ned and Chaplin have entertained millions for decades. My lip tickler only provided endless laughter for my parents. On April 1, as I stared into the mirror sobbing and moaning through Adele’s “Someone Like You,” I knew it was time to admit I had fallen short. My mustache t has been a sad week, as was leaving me. I couldn’t the first week of April is be the man it needed me wont to be. Many of us to be. My flavor saver and I lost something close to our just didn’t have what it took hearts and even closer to this time around. Don’t forour mouths. No, it was not through a prank gone wrong, get me, I begged, only yesterday was the time of our lives. but rarely have I felt so foolish. I’m speaking, ladies and Sometimes it lasts in love, sometimes I shave instead. gentlemen, of the epidemic felt on faces across the coun- But for me, it isn’t over. Today, I mourn the loss try: mustache removal. of a dear Everyone friend. One goes through the Our society has blossomed into a I saw every five stages of beautiful butterfly with the help morning, one that acgrief in their of men with lip caterpillars companied own way. I me in evcannot help ery picture, made brushing all of us through each indimy teeth like shampooing vidual step. But the path to a dog, turned sneezing and acceptance is often paved blowing my nose into parawith shared stories and the best thing we can do for one noid schizophrenia. Overall, another is offer our support. he was one that bonded me with men across generations I would like to start laying my path with you today, and and gave me some great memories. I hope you will help me on It is not goodbye, though, my journey. more of a see you later. Jesus I remember the day I returned in three days, but started growing my mouth resurrections have changed eyebrow like it was only a over the years. This return to month ago. I was just a boy glory will have to wait eleven then, fresh faced and eamonths. But it is a welcome ger, but still I knew that day wait; it will give me time to held weight. A great man prepare. I won’t let my next once said, “With great muslip caterpillar go to waste. tache comes great opportuNext spring, my butterfly efnity,” and it has never been fect will change the world. my wish to let Peter Griffin I hope sharing my stodown. My manscaping days had just begun, and beneath ry helped you as much as it helped me. Before I leave, my nose grew a garden of I would like to share more opportunity. It was my reabout myself and how I ensponsibility to groom it to vision our relationship deperfection. veloping as we go forward. Our society has blosTogether, I believe we can get somed into a beautiful through this and accomplish butterfly with the help of many things. men with lip caterpillars. If you couldn’t tell, this colAlbert Einstein and Alex umn is written by a guy, for Trebek made knowledge guys, about guy things. That and learning something doesn’t mean this is a “No the cool kids did. Martin Girls Allowed” club, but don’t Luther King Jr. reminded say I didn’t warn you when us dreaming shouldn’t alyour boyfriend gets angry ways be so distant from rebecause you know things ality. Tom Selleck brought you shouldn’t. That’s your sexy back before Justin fault. Learn to keep a secret Timberlake was even born. or two. Ned Flanders and Charlie I’m kidding, a little bit. But Chaplin have shown us seriously, don’t say anything. mustaches are stage curtains; what lies behind them I’m starting to back myself is magical and mysterious. I into a corner here, so I’m felt it was my turn to be like just going to go. Ladies, good luck. Gentlemen, I’ll see you these great men –– to mataround. ter. It was my turn to put a hat on my lip and change the world. If you would like to share your mustache story, I was no Tom Selleck. My start a mustache support group or complain Popsicle broom was more about the last paragraph, you can contact NOLAN SHELDON at nosheldon@ucdavis.edu. likely to sweep away wom-

March sadness

The california aggie

Science &Technology

wednesday, april 4, 2012 3

The nose knows An electronic nose can detect when fruit is ripe

Simona Vallone prepares a melon to be analyzed for ripeness.

By AMY STEWART Aggie Science Editor

UC Davis researchers have found a method for using an electronic nose to detect if fruit has fully ripened, which in the future could reduce costs for farmers harvesting crops, as well as give researchers a more objective tool for measuring fruit flavor and maturity. The electronic nose, called zNose, uses a technique called gas chromatography to separate and identify the chemical compounds that cause aroma in a blended fruit by vaporizing the compounds. Each compound vaporizes at a different time, which allows the user to detect which compounds are present in the juice. “We use aroma compounds produced by fruits during the ripening process as markers to distinguish between fruits harvested at different maturity stages.” said Simona Vallone, a graduate student in the department of plant sciences at UC Davis. The researchers tested the zNose’s ability to detect the ripeness of melons in a laboratory setting as well as in the field. They

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found that the technique was able to differentiate between the different stages of maturity. “The mixture of the aroma compounds are separated [by gas chromatography] so you can look at the composition of the aroma mixture,” Vallone said. “During the fruit ripening process, qualitative and quantitative changes in the aroma profile occur and we use that information to evaluate if the fruit is ripe or not.” The biggest difficulty the researchers faced was not in using the device, but in the vast amount of data they collected. They soon found that the software provided with the zNose was not able to efficiently process all the information, so coauthor Nathan Lloyd had to program a new one. “We’re hoping that [Nathan Lloyd’s software program] is going to help other labs who are interested in using the electronic nose,” said Florence Negre-Zakharov, assistant professor of plant sciences at UC Davis and lead author of the paper. “It avoids a lot of caveats of data analysis that you can fall into if you’re not careful with data interpretation.” Negre-Zakharov said that the research is important for farmers try-

ing to efficiently harvest their fruits. “For a tomato, it’s easy to see when it ripens,” said Negre-Zakharov. “For something like a melon, it’s not so easy to see.” Negre-Zakharov also thinks that the technique for using the zNose will also be helpful for researchers in fruit and vegetable breeding programs. “The breeders often rely on visual characteristics, some taste their fruit, but they don’t really have an objective measure of the quality of their fruit,” Negre-Zakharov said. “This technology could be used as a more objective assessment of flavor quality.” The research was funded in part by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) in a program seeking to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables by improving their quality and safety. The project is a collaboration between UC Davis, the USDA and the University of Florida. Funding was also provided by the seed technology company HarrisMoran, which grew the melons the researchers used for the research. The zNose was developed by Electronic Sensor Technology, Incorporated from Newbury Park, Calif. Ken Zeiger, a sales and marketing representative from Electronic Sensor Technology, Inc. says that UC Davis is one of several research institutions that are looking at the zNose for food science applications. “I’ve been working with several people in that area,” Zeiger said. “We’ve been testing everything from melons to onions, and we’re waiting for the results on that. Basically, we have a very sensitive, portable gas chromatograph.” Ultimately, Negre-Zakharov considers this technology “pretty cumbersome, but feasible compared to the machines we use on a regular basis for our research.” She and the other researchers hope that the technology will continue to develop, becoming more portable and affordable so that fruit and vegetable quality will improve. AMY STEWART can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Confusing your muscles? True or False By AMY STEWART Aggie Science Editor

When it comes to fitness, there are a lot of myths out there to talk about. Because people’s bodies can be so different, and because there are many different regimens specially made for different people, wading through all the claims can be very difficult. One movement is known as “confusing your muscles.” The claim is that doing all of your exercises in the same way leads to your muscles adapting to the regimen, making

the exercise less effective. Therefore, you should vary your technique in order to confuse your muscles and prevent them from adapting to the exercise, making your workouts more effective. Supposedly. Unfortunately, this is another movement with an interesting idea that doesn’t really pan out. Yes, your muscles do

adapt to exercise, so you should increase your routine as you become stronger and introduce a variety of exercises to strengthen different muscles. How e v e r, Irisa Tam / Aggie this adaptation is slow and for the most part happens as your muscles heal after a routine, not during the routine itself.

There are exercises that strengthen specific muscles, so tailor your routine to what your body needs. Introducing too much variety into your routine, especially when you’re first starting a workout plan, is more likely to confuse you than your muscles. As always, if you’re confused about whether a workout is right for you, you’re better off talking to a doctor than listening to fad fitness advice. AMY STEWART can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

U.S. can store 100 years’ worth of carbon dioxide underground, study finds By Madhurya Manohar

The Daily Free Press (Boston University)

The U.S. may have the capacity to store about a century’s worth of America’s carbon dioxide emissions underground in deep saline aquifers, according to a study published last week by Massachusetts Institute of Technology scientists. The scientists found that using carbon capture and storage, or CCS, is “geologically viable,” according to the study. CCS is a process that involves capturing carbon dioxide emissions at such sources as power plants and compressing and injecting them into reservoirs for longterm storage. The nation produces about six gigatons of carbon dioxide per year, the equivalent of about twenty million barrels of oil per day, said Ruben Juanes, the researcher who led the study and a professor of energy studies in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.

Researchers found deep saline aquifers – geological formations situated deeper than one kilometer underground that hold saline fluids in their pores – presented feasible storage conditions for these emissions. Deep saline aquifers could hold up to 20,000 billion metric tons, according to the study, and CCS could hold deposits of carbon dioxide for up to 20,000 years, he said. The nation’s carbon dioxide emission rates have hovered at about 5.5 billion metric tons per year since the late 1990s, according to United Nations data. “Human emissions have been increasing in a sustained fashion ever since the advent of the industrial revolution,” Juanes said. The study sought to determine the best methods for injecting liquefied carbon dioxide to increase the maximum capacity of the aquifers, analyzing such factors as injection rates and pressures. It determined the optimal conditions for employing CCS.

The study also faced constraints such as “uncertainty in geologic storage capacities and sustainable injection rates.” It attributed the first issue to different procedures of calculating largescale capacity. Injection rates of carbon dioxide also caused problems due to an accumulation of pressure. In order to estimate the storage capacity for the U.S., researchers transposed data related to the behavior of fluid carbon dioxide and constraints on injection rates onto a model that applied the nation’s known deep saline aquifers, according to the study. The aquifers are distributed throughout the country, but clusters of them center in such areas as the Southeast, including Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina, and the area bordering Lake Michigan – Illinois, Indiana and Michigan. Storage technology similar to CSS has already been implemented in a number of places, Juanes said, in Norway and Algeria.

body into its active form psilocin, which is what causes the trip. However, even if the absolute dosage of psilocybin is the same for both researchers, eating the Amy mushrooms will cause the Stewart compound to be processed by the body much more slowly than injecting the drug. Not only could this change the effect itself, but the methods may also cause different levels of anxiety henever there is a due both to using a needle discussion on the and the fact that injecting use of psychedelic the drug causes a virtually drugs, such as acid or psiinstant trip, rather than the locybin (mushrooms), for much more gradual onset of medical rather than receating the mushrooms. reational uses, two polar The most commonlyized opinions tend to apused psychedelic drugs are pear. One group will always psilocybin, lysergic acid diemphasize the dangers of ethylamide (LSD, aka acid) these drugs: They may tell and mescaline. Psilocybin stories about people who and mescaline occur nathad bad trips, or were arurally in certain species rested for acting oddly or of mushrooms and cacviolently in public. The oth- ti, respectively, while LSD er group will then comment is a synthetic drug deon how research shows rived from the fungus erthat these drugs have many got. Though these commedipounds are cal benproduced efits and The unfortunate fact is that in very diffew neglegality is rarely a good indicator ferent ways, ative side they have of how dangerous it is ... effects. similar efThe first fects: eugroup may phoria, think that the second are changes in perception and drugged-out hippies or visual and mental hallucidrug addicts trying to jusnations. tify their habit. The sec There is a great deal of ond group may think that evidence that there are posthe first are parroting DARE itive effects of these drugs; propaganda without refor example, psilocybin searching the true science has been found to decrease of these compounds. symptoms of depression, The truth? As unsatiscluster headaches, obsesfying as it is, it’s hard to sive compulsive disorder say. There are interesting and anxiety related to terclues as well as contradicminal cancer. Reports of letions. Recent research from thal doses of psilocybin are London conducted funcvery rare and the overall tional MRIs on volunteers toxicity of the drug is very after they received an inlow. jection of psilocybin, the However, people unprefunctional compound in pared for its effects can ex“magic mushrooms,” and perience panic attacks or found that there were denausea. Those side effects creases in the activity of the may sound inconsequential parts of the brain that coto people who have never ordinate the flow of inforexperienced a panic attack, mation through the brain, but they pose a real danger which the researchers said to those prone to anxiety. induced a state of “uncon I do want everyone to strained cognition.” understand that just like However, researchers in any other drug, whether it Switzerland did similar reis legally prescribed, illegalsearch except they had ly obtained or found in nathe subjects eat the mushture, there are side effects rooms and wait for effect and consequences. There’s onset. They had the exa lot to criticize about the act opposite result from “War on Drugs,” but the lethe team in London; those gal inconsistencies have same areas of the brain made the medical effects of were activated in their rethese substances difficult to search, rather than reduced study reliably. as in the London research. The unfortunate fact is Why would the same that legality is rarely a good drug have the completeindicator of how dangerous ly opposite effect? One of it is; alcohol and cigarettes the obvious differences is are both legal but cause an that the London researchastonishingly high number ers injected the psilocybin, of deaths. Legality is also a which produced an immepoor indicator of strength diate but short “trip,” while — possession of psilocythe team in Switzerland bin-containing mushrooms used the much more comis outlawed (with a few exmon method of eating the ceptions) while the much mushrooms and waiting for more intense substance the onset of the effects. salvia is still legal in most The two most imporstates. The bottom line here tant factors in figuring out is to be careful of what you the effect of a drug is in put in your body, no matter the dosage and the rate at what it is. which the body processes it. Psilocybin is relativeAMY STEWART can be reached at science@ ly quickly converted by the theaggie.org.

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The california Aggie

wednesday, april 4, 2012

Aggies respond at home

WOMEN’S TENNIS PREVIEW

UC Davis wins first conference series against UC Riverside

Brian Nguyen / Aggie

Senior Rachel Miller drove in a run to help UC Davis open a 6-0 first-inning lead in its win over UC Riverside on Monday.

Softball By DOUG BONHAM Aggie Sports Writer

After an impressive home stand against conference opponent UC Riverside, the 12-22 Aggies proved that they are a real threat in the Big West Conference. UC Davis won the bookends of the three-game series against the now 18-17 Highlanders who came into Davis with a five-game win streak. Freshman pitcher Justine Vela was fantastic over the weekend with 20 strikeouts and only two earned runs allowed in the Aggies' two wins. Although UC Davis was shutout in the second game, the Aggies furiously responded in the rubber match, winning 9-1 in the shortened five-inning game. The experience from junior Megan Guzman and seniors Kelly Harman and Rachel Miller proved vital as they combined to tally 13 of the team's 18 hits in the series.

The series win gave UC Davis a 2-1 Big West Conference record to start the league campaign. Sunday — UC Davis 3, UC Riverside 1 Vela dominated from the start with four straight strikeouts and would not allow a Highlander hit until the sixth inning in the series opener. The Aggie offense also provided quick run support with freshman Cassandra Ginnis scoring one of her two runs on the day off of a Miller sacrifice fly in the first inning. Although UC Davis was held to three hits on the day, patience at the plate paid off with the Aggie offense combining for seven walks. Sunday — UC Riverside 8, UC Davis 0 The Aggies struggled in all aspects of the second game as the offense managed just four hits. UC Riverside scored four runs over the first four innings to jump out to a 4-0 lead. Three Aggie errors in the sixth inning errors allowed the Highlanders to

stretch their lead to 8-0. UC Riverside was also able to hold off multiple Aggie rally attempts in the fourth and sixth innings to put away the game. Monday — UC Davis 9, UC Riverside 1 UC Davis wasted no time in the rubber match of the series as Miller, Guzman, and senior Kylie Fan all drove in runs in the opening inning to give the Aggies a commanding 6-0 lead. The offense would add three more runs by the fourth inning thanks to an RBI double by Miller and an RBI triple by freshman Amy Nunez. As overpowering as the Aggie offense was, Vela was just as good with six strikeouts and only one earned run on the day as the combined team effort allowed UC Davis to win in only five innings. "The team really came together in these games," said Ginnis, "and it showed." The Aggies return to action on Friday in an away series against Cal State Northridge. DOUG BONHAM can be reached at sports@theaggie.org.

Teams: UC Davis vs. Cal State Northridge Records: Aggies 6-10 (2-2), Matadors 9-6 (2-3) Where: Marya Welch Tennis Center, Davis When: Wednesday at 2 p.m. Who to watch: Coach Bill Maze has cited singles play as the strength of the Aggies’ w o m en’s tennis team, and s o p h o m o re Kelly Chui has been a stronghold in the third Kelly Chui singles slot. sophomore Chui has grabbed wins in six of her last seven matches and also is part of UC Davis’s No. 1 doubles pairing. Did you know? The doubles point is turning out to be a tipping point for UC Davis. The Aggies have won the doubles point only four times this year, and they have emerged victorious each of those times. Yet, the Aggies have lost four matches by scores of 4-3, and in all of those, they won half of the six singles matches but dropped the doubles point. “We could have won a couple extra matches if we’d won the doubles point,” Maze said. “I think we’ll get it together before the [Big West] Conference tournament.” Preview: UC Davis played two matches in Hawaii over spring break in preparation for the difficult sched-

ule ahead. The Aggies will continue Big West competition today in a matchup with Cal State Northridge. “We have a hectic schedule in the beginning of the quarter, but I think we’re ready,” Maze said. Despite the Matadors’ 2-2 league record, they, like the Aggies, are a very dangerous team. CSU Northridge d o w n e d a tough UC Santa Barbara team in January, though the match did not affect their conference standing. The Gauchos have since beaten both the Aggies and the Matadors in close matches. CSU Northridge is coming off a 5-2 defeat to 67th-ranked UC Irvine, another Big West rival. The Matadors’ very strong doubles lineup will provide a challenge for UC Davis, who will find no easy matches on Wednesday. The Aggies will look to begin their push as they progress later in the season, vying for a top spot in the conference. “It’s a big match for us because it will affect our seeding in the [Big West] tournament,” Maze said. “We get to play them at home, the team’s looking forward to it and I think we have a great shot.” — Matthew Yuen

6 Wednesday, april 4, 2012

The california Aggie

campus CHIC. By STEPHANIE B. NGUYEN Aggie News Writer

Eunyoung Lee, third-year psychology and art history major The Aggie: What are you wearing? Lee: This is a thrifted silk blouse and an American Apparel corduroy skirt. My brown oxfords are from Forever 21 and my rings are thrifted and from H&M. How did you decide what to wear today? I bought this skirt two weeks ago and I haven’t worn it yet. It’s the first day of Spring

quarter and I wanted to look cute! Where do you find inspiration? I like to go through Lookbook. nu and watching YouTube videos on style. My style changes depending on my mood. Some days it’s girly and feminine and other days it’s punk rock with dark makeup and all black. What are you looking forward to wearing for warmer weather? I bought this floral corset that I’m excited to wear with my riding pants from American Apparel. STEPHANIE B. NGUYEN can be reached at campus@theaggie.org.

Eunyoung Lee

Stephanie Nguyen / Aggie

Netflix bids to become cable channel By Jannee Sullivan

The Arkansas Traveler (University of Arkansas)

The popular on-demand, media streaming company Netflix was reportedly in talks with cable providers about a partnership that would allow people to stream Netflix movies by adding Netflix to their monthly cable bill. The partnership could be tested in about a year, according to Reuters. The move comes as a step up in the competition with HBO, the award-winning premium cable TV station. With nearly one-third of Netflix users considering canceling their service, according to a survey by Magid and Associates, a cable partnership could allow Netflix to increase their client base and retain subscrib-

ers by making it easier to access Netflix. Many cable companies, including Comcast, have knocked the deal. Comcast recently launched its own online streaming service, “Streampix,” instead of offering Netflix to customers. Netflix officials still have not relented. “It’s not in the short term, but it’s in the natural direction for us in the long term,” said Reed Hastings, CEO of Netflix, speaking at an investor conference last week. “Many [cable service providers] would like to have a competitor to HBO, and they would bid us off of HBO.” Some students have mixed feelings about the possible deal. “I think [Netflix is] fine just the way it is,” said Nikki Baynes, U. Arkansas fresh-

man child development major. “I don’t even have cable at my apartment, I just use Netflix on my computer.” If she wants to use a TV, she can access Netflix through a Playstation or other device. Derek Jones, UA sophomore mechanical engineering major, agreed that the service is fine the way it is for him, but said offering Netflix through cable could greatly increase the number of users. “I usually use it on my computer or through the Wii on my TV,” he said. “That’s fine for me, but I can see that it would be really convenient not to have to hook up through a device that gets Internet.” Some students said the partnership is a good idea, though it may not be useful to everyone.

American tourists considered among worst in world By Alexis Gordon

The Daily Free Press (Boston University)

Americans identify themselves as the worst tourists, with about 39 percent admitting they stole something from hotels and 66 percent reporting they check their email and cell phone while on vacation, according to a recent LivingSocial survey. The survey, which looked behind the “ugly American” myth, debunked the rumor that only 15 percent of Americans have passports, said Dave Madden, LivingSocial Escapes, North America general manager, in a press release. About 78 percent of Americans have visited at least one foreign country, according to the survey. “Americans turn out to be pretty active globetrotters, with the average person having visited at least four countries,” Madden said in the release. “Unfortunately, Americans have pretty low opinions of themselves as travelers, so it’s time to turn on that Yankee charm and improve our global image.” The survey also found Americans have about 16 vacation days, fewer than other countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada, which have more than 20 vacation days. Out of these vacation days, Americans spend about four days outside of the country. Shimshon Erenfeld, owner of BLER Travel in Brookline, Mass. said the LivingSocial Survey was misleading. “I know that it is a debatable fact how many have a passport when I researched it; I have seen numbers from 20 percent to 50 percent, and it varies by state or even neighborhood,” Erenfeld said in an email. “It grew lately due [to] requirement to have one for Canada travel.” LivingSocial conducted its survey online with 4,000 Americans in the top 20 media markets and 1,600 others from Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. Erenfeld said he has heard few complaints about Americans being bad tourists as far as causing damage and stealing is concerned. The bigger problem, he said, is that Americans do not travel enough compared to the country’s size, as well as its social and financial being. In Erenfeld’s 20 years of working in the travel industry, he said he has noticed the American citizens who do the most traveling and use his company’s services are firstgeneration immigrants.

Erenfeld also said in foreign countries, young people after high school usually take about a year and a half to explore Africa, South America, Australia and other regions. In the U.S., not as many young people do this and opt for a semester abroad in college, he said. Some American students studying abroad at the Instituto Internacional in Madrid said Americans get a bad rap because they are just being “American.” “I don’t think Americans know how to act in their own country, so why would they go to another country where they would know how to act?” said Michelle Almeida, a junior at Williams College. “There is something about being American that makes you sort of automatically [proud.] I think that when Americans go abroad they feel arrogant for being American.” James Kelly, a junior at Boston U. who is also studying abroad in Madrid, said Americans should try to learn more languages to make traveling more enjoyable. “If you really don’t have any idea of where you want to travel some good starting points would be Spanish, Arabic or Chinese,” Kelly said. Twenty percent of the 281 million participants in a 2007 American Community Survey reported speaking a language other than English at home, and many of them reported speaking English “very well.” But a European Commission survey shows 56 percent of Europeans from 14 different countries reported speaking more than one language. Elena A’lvarez Diaz, a receptionist at the No Name City Hostel in Madrid, said American tourists do make an effort to speak Spanish to her. “I am really surprised that most of them try to speak Spanish, most of them are able to speak Spanish,” Diaz said. “It is really nice when they arrive in your country and they try to speak your language. So to me, I don’t have any problem with them. They are really nice.” The No Name City Hostel hosts between 10 and 20 American tourists per week, depending on whether or not there is a major holiday, Diaz said. The majority of Americans who do come to the hostel are students studying abroad and come to Madrid on vacation for about a week, she said. “To me it is nice just to say a few words in Spanish,” Diaz said. “I think in every country it happens the same. You become closer to the people and the foreign country when you try to speak the language.”

“I’m sure a lot of people would benefit and it would broaden their customer base,” Baynes said, “but I don’t even watch cable anymore because I have Netflix.” Cable companies have seen an increasing number of people “cord-cutting,” or cutting their expensive cable services in favor of Netflix’s $7.99 service, according to Reuters. In a further effort to remain competitive, despite price hikes and fleeing subscribers, Netflix has begun to produce original content. Netflix plans to have five original series available for streaming by 2013, according to Bloomberg. A cable deal could also help protect Netflix from changing data fees by internet providers.

Studying before sleeping beneficial for recall, according to research By Betsy Swanback

Oregon Daily Emerald (University of Oregon)

Sleep more, improve recollection. A new study from U. Notre Dame reached this conclusion after finding that going to sleep shortly after learning new information is most valuable for recalling the information in the future. Jessica Payne, a Notre Dame psychologist who specializes in sleep studies, studied 207 subjects who regularly slept at least six hours per night. The study was focused on how much information a subject remembers after learning it directly before sleeping. Participants studied either related or unrelated word pairs in the morning or evening, at 9 a.m. or 9 p.m., and would be tested on their ability to remember the word pairings 30 minutes, 12 hours or 24 hours later. Some of the word pairs were semantically related and some pairs were completely unrelated. This studied declarative memory, which is a person’s ability to remember facts and specific knowledge. “Following a 12-hour retention interval containing a night of sleep or a day of wakefulness, overall recall was superior in subjects who slept,” the study stated. These findings were similar at the 24-hour retest. At this point all of the subjects had received a full night’s rest, but researchers found that subjects who went to sleep shortly after learning the words remembered better than subjects who did not. “Our study confirms that sleeping directly after learning something new is beneficial for memory,” Payne told Science Daily. “What’s novel about this study is that we tried to shine light on sleep’s influence on both types of declarative memory by studying semantically unrelated and related word pairs.” Jude Kehoe, a nurse at U. Oregon’s Health Center, stressed the importance of sleep for students. She discouraged irregular sleep patterns for studying because the body does not learn as efficiently with irregular sleep. The body can also only make up two hours of sleep, she said. “Our brain does all of this filing when you are asleep and the REM sleep helps students learn better,” Kehoe said. “If students would study during the day and then sleep eight hours, they would remember the information much better. When you don’t have sleep, it causes a stress reaction to go off in your body, with negative cascading effects.” Payne encouraged studying directly before sleeping for the greatest recall in the morning. “Since we found that sleeping soon after learning benefited both types of memory, this means that it would be a good thing to rehearse any information you need to remember just prior to going to bed,” Payne told Science Daily. “In some sense, you may be ‘telling’ the sleeping brain what to consolidate.”