February/March edition of Tank Storage Magazine

Feb/March 2022 | Volume 18 | Issue 01

LOOKING TO THE FUTURES

FUTURE FUELS AND FUTURE STORAGE

API STANDARD 2350 5TH EDITION

VTTI talks to us exclusively following its acquisition of IL&FS Prime Terminals

A closer look at the energy transition and demand, and its impact on the storage sector in Europe

Midstream consultant Earl Crochet examines the changes in the latest edition of API 2350

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UP FRONT CONTENTS

CONTENTS Feb/March 2022 | Volume 18 | Issue 01

UP FRONT

27

04 Contributors 06 Comment

TERMINAL NEWS 08 Europe 12

The Americas

18 Africa & the Middle East 20 Asia Pacific 25 Incident report 26 Tank terminal update

30

EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEWS 27 Looking to the futures Siavash Alishahpour tells Tank Storage Magazine about VTTI Fujairah’s plans for growth 30 Pioneering terminalling in the Middle East Fujairah Oil Terminal, shortlisted for the Terminal Innovation Award at the Tank Storage Global Awards, explains the innovative services it offers 32 Connections and changes Sandra De Mey from North Sea Port on the importance of relationships with customers and colleagues

MARKET ANALYSIS

32

35 Is net-zero a reality in the Middle East?

Firm Norton Rose Fulbright looks at the possibilities for the energy transition in the Middle East 38 Planning for the energy transition FETSA’s Ravi Bhatiani looks at the contribution of the tank storage industry 40 Future fuels and future storage Channoil’s Mark Waddington looks at the energy transition, demand developments and their impact on the storage sector in Europe

40

PAGE 01

UP FRONT CONTENTS

TECHNICAL FEATURES 42 Re-Gen Robotics: the by-word for safety in tank cleaning

51

43 Technical news: global industry updates 47 Industry 4.0: The basis for future flexible business models Accenture’s Eduard Smits explains the benefits of digitalising a business 49 Under pressure Owen Stephens, safety relief valve specialist for Nacional Safety Valves UK, discusses the importance of correctly sizing, selecting and maintaining a safety relief valve 51

Testing fluorine-free firefighting foams Dr Niall Ramsden and Dr Eleanor Lister look at the efforts of Lastfire Group members

54 Intracontinental hydrogen supply chain development and integration Jeannette Baljeu, a member of the executive of the Province of Zuid-Holland in the Netherlands, tells Tank Storage Magazine about the challenges and possibilities 56 Optimising hazard identification, control and suppression activities Sharé Mason-Bailly and Stefano Armani from SA Fire Protection look at the options

58

58 Why install lightning protection on a process control plant?

Understanding the differences between different types of lightning protection with Lightning Master 60 The three lines of environmental defence Shirley Miles from Adler and Allan, discusses how partnering with a trusted environmental protection provider can ensure standards are implemented correctly 62 Rimfire protection issues Cornelis Jan Kallemein and Maarten van Abeelen from the Safety Region Rotterdam-Rijnmond have uncovered a problem with some foam dam constructions on tank floating roofs 64 Understanding rope access HMT’s Manny Williams runs through the basics of industrial rope access

64

66 The future of AST life cycle management Dr Steve Ziola considers non-invasive, in-service leak detection, bottom plate assessment and sludge gauging 68 Protecting secondary containment areas Choosing the right coating and lining systems depends on multiple variables, say Bruce Toews, Johnny Pourciau and Rodney Cressionnie from Sherwin-Williams Protective & Marine 70 Choosing the right loading arm system A lot of time, thought and effort is needed when identifying a solution that optimises terminal operations, says OPW’s David Morrow

77

NISTM PREVIEW 72 The importance of coating maintenance for floating roofs Anton Martinez and Adam Beers from KTA-Tator cover corrosion and remedies 74 Critical inspections during construction Dr Emerson John explains the value of inspection and test plans (ITP) to the successful completion of a storage tank construction project 77

Paint four tanks for the cost of one Carboline’s Dwayne Lum tells the story of the development of modern tank overcoat systems

STOCEXPO SHOW PREVIEW 80 API Standard 2350 5th Edition – what’s new?

Midstream consultant Earl Crochet examines the changes in the latest edition of API 2350 83 StocExpo: Future. Delivered Tank Storage Magazine looks at the latest technological solutions, innovations and products on display at this year’s StocExpo in May

AT THE BACK 92 Advertisers index 92 Social storage: Most liked posts this month PAGE 02

80

MARKET LEADING IN-DEPTH INSIGHT. SUBSCRIBE TODAY FOR ONLY €210.

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SUBSCRIBE TODAY Margaret@tankstoragemag.com www.tankstoragemag.com

Established 2005.

Trusted. Valued. Influential.

UP FRONT CONTRIBUTORS

CONTRIBUTORS Feb/March 2022 | Volume 18 | Issue 01

PUBLISHER

CEO EASYFAIRS UK & GLOBAL

Margaret Dunn +44 (0)20 3551 5721 margaret@tankstoragemag.com

Matt Benyon +44 (0)20 3196 4310 matt.benyon@easyfairs.com

DEPUTY EDITOR Helen Tunnicliffe +44 (0)20 3196 4402 helen@tankstoragemag.com HEAD OF SALES Sophie McKimm +44 (0)20 3196 4356 sophie.mckimm@easyfairs.com

Feb/March 2022 | Volume 18 | Issue 01

LOOKING TO THE FUTURES

FUTURE FUELS AND FUTURE STORAGE

API STANDARD 2350 5TH EDITION

VTTI talks to us exclusively following its acquisition of IL&FS Prime Terminals

A closer look at the energy transition and demand, and its impact on the storage sector in Europe

Midstream consultant Earl Crochet examines the changes in the latest edition of API 2350

SUBSCRIPTION RATES A one-year, 7-issue subscription costs €250. Individual back issues can be purchased at a cost of €45 each.

CONNECT WITH US

INTERNATIONAL SALES MANAGER David Kelly +44 (0)20 3196 4401 david@tankstoragemag.com

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Established 2005. Trusted. Valued. Influential.

Tank Storage Magazine

CONTACT T +44 (0)20 3196 4300 F +44 (0)20 8892 1929 margaret@tankstoragemag.com www.tankstoragemag.com Easyfairs 2nd Floor, Regal House 70 London Road Twickenham TW1 3QS United Kingdom

model in sub-saharan africa. introducing the independent storage Oiltanking matola explains how it is

as it explores gas storage. is ensuring greater energy security The sharjah national oil corporation

model in sub-saharan africa. introducing the independent storage Oiltanking matola explains how it is

IN A CAPTIVE MARKET AN INTERNATIONAL CONCEPT

NEW GAS CHAPTER SPEARHEADING THE UAE’S

IN A CAPTIVE MARKET AN INTERNATIONAL CONCEPT

ISSN 1750-841X Aug / Sep 2019 | Volume 15 | Issue 04

Tank Storage Magazine, (ISSN 1750-841X) is published seven times a year (in February, March, May, August, September, October and November)

by Easyfairs UK Ltd, 2nd Floor, Regal House, 70 London Road, Twickenham, TW1 3QS, UK. The US annual subscription price is $243. Airfreight and mailing in the USA by agent named WN Shipping USA, 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Periodicals postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. US Postmaster: Send address changes to Tank Storage Magazine, WN Shipping USA, 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Subscription records are maintained at Easyfairs UK Ltd, 2nd Floor, Regal House, 70 London Road, Twickenham, TW1 3QS, UK.

PAGE 04

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UP FRONT COMMENT

CRISIS AFTER CRISIS

TOWARDS THE end of February practically all remaining COVID-19 restrictions were lifted around Europe – mask mandates were dropped, COVID passports no longer required and nightclubs and large venues re-opened.

But there was no collective sigh of relief.

The message was over-shadowed by the news that Russian president Vladimir Putin had started the most dangerous ground war since 1945, with a full-blown Russian invasion of Ukraine.

As well as triggering a grave humanitarian crisis in Ukraine, Putin’s war has also set off an oil and gas crisis worldwide.

The price of oil has soared to US$139 a barrel, the highest level for almost 14 years and things are set to get even worse.

Russia is the third largest oil producer, behind only the US and Saudi Arabia and is the second largest oil exporter. Even through sanctions are not yet explicitly targeting Russian energy exports, sanctions of banks and other entities will impede Russia’s oil and gas exports.

And as it is such an energy giant, any disruption to Russian trade these flows will significantly impact global markets.

This crisis underlines the need for energy independence and countries such as

PAGE 06

Germany have already reacted with plans to build its first LNG terminals to wean itself off its dependence on Russian gas.

The energy transition is more important than ever. Within this edition we focus on the Middle East and take a look at how even a region that is synonymous with oil and gas is making future fuels a priority.

Plus we speak exclusively to VTTI about its acquisition of IL&FS Prime Terminals in Fujairah as well as covering the current storage landscape in Asia, Middle East and the US. Also within this edition we preview some of the most innovative technologies on display at the upcoming StocExpo conference in May and speak to some of the companies shortlisted at this year’s Global Tank Storage Awards.

It’s been a tumultuous couple of years since the industry last met at StocExpo 2020, and we’re looking forward to seeing everyone again.

If you haven’t yet booked your conference pass for this year’s StocExpo conference we recommend you do so

– as no less than 10 different terminal operators will be joining this year’s speaker line-up. Key speakers include Vopak, Oiltanking, Odfjell, VTTI, Alkion, Exolum and many more.

In the meantime, our thoughts and prayers remain with the people of Ukraine and all those impacted by this crisis.

With very best wishes

TERMINAL NEWS EUROPE

TERMINAL NEWS: EUROPE Belgium

Germany

OILTANKING STARTS UP OAGT LPG TANK Oiltanking Antwerp Gas Terminal (OAGT) is starting operations at its 135,000 m3 LPG storage tank, one of the largest in Europe.

OAGT has designed, engineered and built the tank to supply Borealis’ new worldscale propane dehydrogenation (PDH) production facility in Belgium. Propane will be stored in the tank at -40˚C, and the tank is currently being prepared.

‘This new propane storage tank and associated jetty and pipeline infrastructure is key enabler for the strategic sourcing and supply of propane feedstock for the existing and new Borealis PDH assets in Kallo,’ says

PAGE 08

GERMANY TO FASTTRACK TWO NEW LNG TERMINALS Thomas Van De Velde, Borealis SVP BU Hydrocarbons & Energy.

The tank is the second large liquid gas tank successfully constructed at OAGT in recent years, following the 135,000 m3 butane tank commissioned in October 2020.

‘By applying a unique and smart design, including an LPG product heater concept and a cross current exchanger for export pipeline operations, the new hub will achieve significant energy savings compared to industry standards,’ says Douglas Van Der Wiel, SVP Europe, Middle East, Africa at Oiltanking.

German chancellor Olaf Scholz says that Germany will quickly build two LNG terminals in Brunsbüttel and Wilhelmshaven as the country seeks to secure its energy supplies in the wake of Russian sanctions.

In a policy statement on 27 February 2022, Scholz condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as a violation of international law, confirmed that Germany would support Ukraine financially and practically, and backed tough EU economic sanctions on Russia, including its exclusion from the Swift international payment system.

TERMINAL NEWS EUROPE In a previous statement on 24 February 2022, Scholz announced that Germany had suspended the certification of the completed Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline, which would have brought Russian gas to Germany, as part of a broad package of sanctions against Russia. The two new LNG terminals announced on 27 February are part of a number of measures to improve energy security, which include increasing the amount of natural gas in storage to 2 billion m3, and building up coal reserves.

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Scholz added that the two new LNG terminals could, in the long-term, be converted for imports of green hydrogen, to facilitate Germany’s plans to become carbon neutral by 2045, as well as long-term energy security and diversity of supply. He did not confirm an exact timescale or a possible size for the terminals. Scholz thanked federal minister for economic affairs Robert Habeck for his efforts in facilitating the development of the terminals.

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Austria

OMV STARTS UP SOLAR PLANT TO POWER TANK FARM Austrian oil and chemicals company OMV has started up a 5,590 kWp ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) plant in Lobau, Austria, to provide power to its Lobau tank farm.

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The PV plant, which covers an area of around 6 ha, cost €4.5 million. It will provide 45% of the annual electricity demand of the tank farm, the equivalent consumption of 1,800 households, and is expected to save around 2,100 tonnes of CO2 emissions annually. It is connected directly to the OMV grid.

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A number of tank farm and terminal operators are turning to solar power to reduce emissions. In recent months, Exolum commissioned its Mora solar plant, Buckeye contracted Black & Veatch to build a solar project in Waco, Texas, and Vopak opened its Solar Park Eemshaven.

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TERMINAL NEWS EUROPE

Austria, Denmark, Germany

PHILLIPS 66, H2 ENERGY TO DEVELOP EUROPE HYDROGEN NETWORK Phillips 66 and H2 Energy Europe have formed a joint venture to develop up to 250 retail green hydrogen refuelling stations in Austria, Denmark and Germany by 2026.

H2 Energy is a joint venture between commodity trading firm Trafigura and H2 Energy Holding, a European hydrogen provider with investments in the production, distribution and utilisation of green hydrogen. It was the first company to develop hydrogen fuel cell trucks for commercial users and also created a green hydrogen fuelling network in Switzerland.

Phillips 66 also has a hydrogen refuelling network in Switzerland.

The two companies will pool expertise and capabilities, including in hydrogen supply, refuelling logistics and vehicle demand, to develop the new network in Austria, Denmark and Germany. H2 Energy will integrate hydrogen production, supply and the refuelling apparatus. The company recently announced plans for 1 GW electrolysis plant in Denmark which will generate 90,000 tpa of green hydrogen from wind energy.

Some of the demand for the refuelling network is expected to come from H2 Energy’s ownership in Hyundai Hydrogen Mobility, which distributes Hyundai’s commercially available heavy-duty fuel cell electric truck in Europe. The refuelling stations will include existing Jet-branded retail stations and new locations on major transport routes. The network itself will require government support.

Germany

EUROPEAN TERMINALS HIT BY CYBER ATTACK Oiltanking and Mabanaft in Germany, both subsidiaries of Marquard and Bahls, confirmed that they were hit by a cyberattack on 29 January 2022 affecting their IT systems, with reports also suggesting that oil terminals in the AmsterdamRotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) area were also affected.

Oiltanking and Mabanaft say they ‘immediately’ enhanced security systems and launched an investigation into the attack. German business newspaper Handelsblatt reported that Oiltanking’s loading and unloading systems were PAGE 10

TERMINAL NEWS EUROPE paralysed, while Reuters reported that Shell rerouted supplies to other depots.

According to Argus Media, at least six terminals, owned by SEA-Tank, Oiltanking and Evos in Antwerp and Ghent in Belgium, and in Amsterdam and Terneuzen in the Netherlands, were affected. As with Oiltanking and Mabanaft in Germany, the cyberattack seems to have affected loading operations. Bloomberg says that an unnamed fuel broker told it that ‘numerous terminals’ were affected.

Evos told Bloomberg that it experienced disruptions of IT services at its terminals in Terneuzen in the Netherlands, Ghent in Belgium and in Malta, but did not confirm the cause. The financial news outlet also saw an email from SEA-Tank to a customer saying that it was suffering from an unexpected outage. A broker at Riverlake told Bloomberg that several barges waited for discharging ‘for days.’

German prosecutors are investigating the attack on Oiltanking and Mabanaft.

Handelsblatt reports that hackers used Black Cat ransomware, citing an internal management report by the Bundesamts für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI – Federal Office for Information Security) to the companies.

None of the companies responded to requests for an update.

Turkey

Poland

ORLEN PALIWA PLANS POLICE LPG TERMINAL

RUBIS SELLS TURKISH TERMINAL TO TRANSPET

Polish fuel distributor Orlen Paliwa has signed a letter of intent to build a new LPG terminal at Port Morski in Police, northern Poland, with the management board of Morski Port Police and Grupa Azoty Polyolefins.

Rubis Terminal Infra has completed the sale of its 650,000 m3 Rubis Terminal Petrol in Istanbul, Turkey, to Turkish energy group Transpet Petrolcülük ve Enerji.

The new terminal will include a tank farm with cryogenic and pressure tanks, and water, rail and road loading infrastructure.

LPG will be delivered by sea, while the terminal will also accept butane by rail and road, for onward distribution. The terminal will make use of a wharf built by Grupa Azoty Polyolefins.

‘The project has a chance to provide us with access to the global propane market, creating purchasing conditions comparable to the largest players on the European market,’ says Jakub Opara, member of the management board at Orlen Paliwa, adding that purchasing the greater product volumes would give the company a leading position on the domestic market. improve transport costs and improve Polish energy security.

The petroleum products terminal has a 2.3 km long jetty. It can provide critical import and export infrastructure for Iraqi oil, and can take advantage of the eastern Mediterranean region’s increasing importance as a trading hub. Transpet is now the sole shareholder.

Bruno Hayem, CEO of Rubis Terminal says that the sale is in line with the company’s strategy to focus on Western Europe, reduce the volatility of its earnings, and strengthen its portfolio mix towards non-fuel products.

Mehmet Ali İslamoğlu, board member of Transpet, adds: ‘We will further develop Rubis Terminal Petrol using our expertise in the sector and bringing added value to our clients, Turkey and the greater region.’

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PAGE 11

TERMINAL NEWS THE AMERICAS

TERMINAL NEWS: THE AMERICAS US

GHI PLANS WORLD’S LARGEST GREEN HYDROGEN HUB US development company Green Hydrogen International (GHI) has announced plans for what will be the world’s largest green hydrogen production, transport and storage hub in South Texas, US. Hydrogen City will produce over 2.5 billion kg of green hydrogen annually.

It will be powered by 60 GW of solar and wind energy, with any excess requirements drawn from the grid in Texas, run by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), during periods of low prices. The project will include the construction of a hydrogen storage facility in the Piedras Pintas Salt Dome.

The green hydrogen will be delivered via pipeline to Corpus Christi and Brownsville for use, and GHI currently negotiating with potential end-users. There are a number of options. The green hydrogen could be used for the production of green ammonia for export to Asia, with Japanese and Korean companies interested, or for fertilisers. GHI believes Corpus Christi could be a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production hub and is in discussion with potential off-takers of green hydrogen as an SAF feedstock. The green hydrogen could be combined with CO2 to produce methane for rocket fuel and GHI is exploring this option in Brownsville. The company also plans to target gas power plants, in which hydrogen can be used as a natural gas substitute.

The first phase of construction will consist of 2 GW of production and two storage caverns at Piedras Pintas. It is expected to be operational in 2026. Eventually, more than 50 caverns are planned at the site, providing up to 6 TWh of energy storage.

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US

TALOS AND HEP TO PURSUE CORPUS CHRISTI CCS US oil and gas company Talos Energy and midstream company Howard Energy Partners (HEP) have entered into an option agreement with the Port of Corpus Christi Authority to develop carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects.

The Coastal Bend Carbon Management Partnership will aim to provide the Port of Corpus Christi’s customers, which number more than 200, with a turn-key CCS solution to help advance decarbonisation. The first nine months of the project will be an evaluation period, during which the partners will identify and advance CCS project solutions on Port-owned lands. HEP will offer its expertise in transport infrastructure to the partnership, while Talos will provide its subsurface and sequestration capabilities.

Talos and HEP have a lease option agreement covering 13,000 acres (5,261 ha) in the Port for evaluation. They initially hope to sequester 1-1.5 million tpa of CO 2 from industrial emissions into saline aquifers with a total storage capacity of 50-100 million tonnes. With a successful proof of concept, and if the market is there, they say they will expand the project to ‘regional hub scale’, storing 6-10 million tpa of CO 2. Current annual regional emissions amount to 20 million tonnes. HEP’s Javelina 60 mile (97 km) midstream system is directly connected to over half of the total regional emissions, making it ideal for gathering.

US

MACQUARIE TO OFFSET MAX MIDSTREAM EMISSIONS SUMA Rührtechnik GmbH Martinszeller Str. 21 | 87477 Sulzberg/Germany E-Mail: info@suma.de | www.suma.de/en SUMA America Inc. (USA) | www.gosuma.com BRASUMA Ltda. (Brasil) | www.brasuma.com

PAGE 12

US company Max Midstream has signed an agreement with Macquarie Group’s Commodities and Global Markets division to offset all of its direct greenhouse gas emissions.

Carbon emissions from a project can be offset by tying them to another

TERMINAL NEWS THE AMERICAS project that avoids or removes carbon emissions, for example a forestry project, verified by an independent verification body. The offsets are issued by a registry operator, based on the number of tonnes of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) avoided or removed by a project. Offsets are traded and sold, and eventually ‘retired’, which means they are considered consumed and cannot be sold again. Macquarie has retired a number of offsets issued by the Verra registry for Max Midstream sufficient to offset the emissions from all construction activities since Max Midstream’s inception, as well as all emissions associated with crude logistics at the company’s pipeline and terminal operations for the following three years based on the projected throughput.

Max Midstream has committed to ensuring that its terminal operations are carbon neutral, and has designed operational efficiency improvements and tank designs to reduce emissions.

The deal with Macquarie will allow the company to offer carbon offsetting and lifecycle carbon accounting services to its customers. Crude buyers will be able to offtake carbon neutral crude oil whereby crude is bundled with carbon offsets supplied and retired by Macquarie.

Mexico

MONTERRA SUES MEXICO OVER TUXPAN CLOSURE US-based, Mexican-focussed midstream company Monterra Energy is to take legal action against the Mexican government over the closure of its Tuxpan fuel terminal in Mexico.

The terminal, known as Servitux, was granted a 30-year permit by Mexico’s Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE) on 4 May 2018. Following several CRE inspections, Monterra, as per the permit conditions, provided notice to the CRE that it would begin storage operations in July 2021. However, on 13 September 2021, the CRE carried out another inspection with armed personnel from Mexico’s National Guard and officials from Mexico’s National Agency for Industrial Security and Environmental Protection of the Hydrocarbon’s Sector (ASEA), and closed the terminal.

Monterra claims that the shutdown is arbitrary and without legal justification.

The Mexican government introduced a number of restrictions on private-sector fuel importers aimed at preventing

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imports without the participation of state companies Pemex or CFE, and Monterra says that the actions against it were in this context. The company asserts that the government’s actions breach the provisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), international law, and Mexican law relating to Monterra, and deny due process.

Monterra has now issued a Notice of Intent to Submit a Claim to Arbitration to the Mexican government. It is claiming damages of up to US$667 million (€597 million) under NAFTA Chapter 11, which contains mechanisms for US companies to be awarded damages through an international arbitration process if an initial consultation process fails to resolve the issue. The company says that Mexican authorities have so far ignored repeated attempts to resolve the closure, including providing evidence of compliance with legal and regulatory provisions.

‘We have gone above and beyond to resolve the issue cooperatively so we can continue to support Mexico’s energy security and economy, while also providing well-paying jobs,’ says Arturo Vivar, CEO of Monterra. ‘We simply ask that Mexico uphold the rule of law and its treaty commitments.’

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PAGE 13

TERMINAL NEWS THE AMERICAS estimate of C$12.6 billion to bring the expansion into service by the end of 2022, but in its most recent update now expects mechanical completion by Q3 2023.

Canada

NO MORE PUBLIC MONEY FOR TRANS MOUNTAIN AFTER COSTS SPIRAL The deputy prime minister and finance minister of Canada, Chrystia Freeland, says that the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion project will receive no further public money, after Trans Mountain Corporation announced that the project cost had increased from C$12.6 billion (€8.72 billion) to C$21.4 billion.

The Trans Mountain pipeline expansion project will include 980 km of new pipeline, 193 km of reactivated pipeline, 12 new pump stations, 19 new tanks at existing storage terminals in Burnaby (14), Sumas (1) and Edmonton (4) (for which CB&I won the contract) and three new berths at Westridge Marine Terminal.

It will take the capacity of the Trans Mountain pipeline, which carries crude and refined products from Alberta to British Columbia, from 300,000 bpd to 890,000 bpd. In February 2020, Trans Mountain approved the project cost

Trans Mountain says that the revised schedule and increased costs are down to a number of factors, including external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the impacts of flooding in British Columbia in 2021.

‘Project enhancements’ including an increase in trenchless construction, more agreements with indigenous communities providing enduring economic benefits, the installation of advanced leak detection systems, and new unplanned scope and route changes avoiding culturally and environmentally sensitive areas, have added C$2.3 billion to the cost. Schedule pressures have added C$2.6 billion, financing costs C$1.7 billion and safety measures C$500 million.

Freeland says that additional funding will need to come from third-party financing such as public debt markets and financial institutions, as 50% of the pipeline is built and the project is significantly de-risked.

The government has consulted BMO Capital Markets and TD Securities, which have both confirmed that such financing

is feasible and that the project is still commercially viable.

The Canadian government bought Trans Mountain Corporation and the expansion project in 2018 as it deemed the project in the national interest and important for the resilience of the economy.

US

ENLINK AND TALOS SIGN LOUISIANA CCS MOU US company EnLink Midstream and exploration and production company Talos Energy have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to develop a carbon capture and storage (CCS) scheme in Louisiana.

The two companies will offer an integrated midstream solution for the permanent storage of CO2, focussed on the Mississippi River corridor from New Orleans to Baton Rouge. The project is strategically located near one of the largest industrial regions in the US, which emits approximately 80 million tpa of CO2. It will use ‘significant’ sections of

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EnLink’s existing pipeline network, and Talos Energy’s newly leased land.

Talos has just leased 26,000 acres (10,520 ha) along the Mississippi River industrial corridor, in Iberville, St. James, Assumption and Lafourche parishes in Louisiana to use for CCS projects. The three sites, collectively known as River Bend CCS, have a cumulative storage capacity of 500 million tonnes, and sit above a 3,000’ (914 m) thick saline aquifer column with the porosity and permeabilities which make it ideal for carbon sequestration. Talos also has the right of first refusal on 63,000 additional acres for expansion to meet expected future demand.

EnLink has identified pipelines suitable for CCS that link to emissions sources in Geismar, Donaldsonville, Plaquemine and St. Charles. The company has enough redundancy within its extensive network that its existing business will not be affected. By using existing pipelines, River Bend CCS will reduce its environmental impacts and save on costs compared to building new pipelines.

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Talos will be the project manager and operator for River Bend CCS, including the injection, storage and monitoring, and will additionally provide its subsurface operating expertise and extensive knowledge of Gulf Coast geology. UK carbon management firm Storegga will also join the project.

Canada

EVERWIND PLANS HYDROGEN SWITCH FOR NUSTAR NOVA SCOTIA TERMINAL Green hydrogen company EverWind Fuels has bought NuStar Energy’s 7.8 million bbl Point Tupper terminal in Nova Scotia, Canada, with a view to developing a green hydrogen facility.

EverWind paid US$60 million (€53 million) for the site. The company says that its existing infrastructure, including the deepwater ice-free berth, rail access, and storage facility give flexible options for a green hydrogen facility. The hydrogen will be supplied to local and surrounding markets, while some will be used to produced green ammonia, which is the main component of agricultural fertiliser and is the primary refrigerant for industrial cold storage and Canada’s ice hockey rinks.

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TERMINAL NEWS AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST

TERMINAL NEWS: AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST Mozambique

TOTALENERGIES BUYS BP MOZAMBIQUE FUEL BUSINESS TotalEnergies has bought BP’s retail network, wholesale fuel business and logistics assets in Mozambique, extending its existing network of 57 service stations.

The transaction includes a 50% stake in SAMCOL, the logistics company previously jointly owned by BP and TotalEnergies, which operates the Matola, Beira, and Nacala fuel import terminals, as well as 26 service stations and a portfolio of business customers.

‘This agreement reflects TotalEnergies’ willingness to pursue its investments in Mozambique’s energy sector in order to deploy our multi-energy strategy in the country through retailing of

petroleum products for mobility, the major Mozambique LNG project and accompanying supply of domestic gas, and opportunities under review in the area of renewable energies. Our ambition with all this is to contribute to the country’s sustainable development and give access to energy to as many people as possible,’ says Patrick Pouyanné, chairman and CEO of TotalEnergies.

Ghana

BOST PLANS LPG EXPANSIONS IN GHANA Ghana’s Bulk Oil Storage and Transportation Company (BOST) is planning to build LPG tanks at all its existing depots in Ghana.

Managing director Edwin Provencal told a stakeholder and media meeting that

the front end engineering and design (FEED) work for the LPG expansion project is almost complete. When complete, the LPG storage facilities will enable BOST to store LPG as part of Ghana’s national strategic reserve. The new tanks will also help to meet growing consumer demand for LPG. Provencal said that the company has identified LPG products as a growth opportunity. Adding the LPG tanks forms part of BOST’s strategy to develop its network of storage tanks, pipelines, and other bulk transportation infrastructure throughout the country, in order to ‘aggressively’ grow the business. The company is working towards becoming the leading fuel and logistics business operator in the West African sub-region.

There is increasing interest in LPG as a transition fuel in Africa, as it is much less polluting than other commonly used domestic fuels.

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TERMINAL NEWS AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST

Ghana

MATRIX GAS OPENS LPG TERMINAL IN GHANA Matrix Gas (Ghana) has opened its new, fully licensed, 6,000 tonne LPG storage terminal in Tema, Ghana.

The company, which is a subsidiary of Matrix Energy Group, says that the new terminal will give it control of its import volumes and the ability to increase trade volumes in Ghana. Matrix Gas (Ghana) has held a Bulk Distribution Company (BDC) License for the importation and distribution of petroleum products in Ghana since June 2020 and until now has traded a ‘significant volume’ of products, including LPG, premium motor spirit

(PMS) and gasoil, through third party storage facilities.

The new terminal will boost security of supply of LPG in Ghana and help to meet local demand.

Nigeria

ASIKO BUILDING LNG AND LPG TERMINAL Nigeran company Asiko Energy has begun construction of a dual LPG and LNG terminal in Ijora, Lagos State, Nigeria.

The terminal will be the first dual liquefied gas terminal in Nigeria, and is also the first land-based LNG receiving terminal in

Africa. It will have a full containment LNG storage tank and 5,000 tonnes of LPG and propane storage. It will be able to receive, store and distribute LPG, propane, butane and LNG. The terminal will make LPG, which is a much cleaner domestic fuel than many currently in use, more easily accessible in Nigeria. It is also expected to help develop the country’s energy sector.

India’s Optech Engneering is the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) company for the project, while ILF Engineers Nigeria will act as the project management company.

Cozym Process Systems (pipeline) and AYF Development are also involved.

Asiko recently signed a contract with Nigeria LNG to distribute LNG in Nigeria, making it the only company distributing LPG and LNG in the country.

PAGE 19

TERMINAL NEWS AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST

TERMINAL NEWS: ASIA PACIFIC built vacuum insulated tank. The hydrogen was produced from lignite, with offsets purchased to render it carbon neutral. The eventual plan of the project partners, once the supply chain reaches commercial operations, is to employ carbon capture and storage (CCS).

Japan

FIRST HYDROGEN CARGO ARRIVES AT HY TOUCH KOBE

Kawasaki says that it ‘will continue to test cargo handling and conduct data verification to ensure a successful outcome for the project to achieve our vision of building a global hydrogen supply chain.’

Kawasaki Heavy Industries’ ship the Suiso Frontier has successfully delivered the first cargo of liquefied hydrogen to Hy touch Kobe, the world’s first liquefied hydrogen receiving terminal, in Japan.

The Suiso Frontier left the Port of Hastings in Australia on 28 January 2022 and arrived in Kobe on 25 February 2022. It is the world’s first successful demonstration of the maritime transport of liquid hydrogen over long distances.

Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) completed construction on Hy touch Kobe in January 2021. The terminal has a spherical liquefied hydrogen storage tank with a capacity of 2,250 m3. The demonstration project to safely produce

liquid hydrogen in Australia’s Latrobe Valley in Victoria, before transporting it to Kobe in Japan, has been developed by the Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain (HESC) project, a joint AustralianJapanese initiative.

HESC says that its team successfully tested and validated the loading of liquefied hydrogen, cooled to -253˚C at the Hastings hydrogen liquefaction plant, into the Suiso Frontier’s specially

The Australian HESC project partners, known as Hydrogen Engineering Australia (HEA), are KHI, Electric Power Development (J-POWER), Iwatani Corporation, Marubeni Corporation, AGL Energy, and Sumitomo Corporation.

The Japanese side of the project is coordinated by the CO2 -Free Hydrogen Supply Chain Technology Association (HySTRA), made up of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, J-POWER, Iwatani, Marubeni, Shell, Eneos Corporation, and Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha (K-Line).

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PAGE 20

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TERMINAL NEWS ASIA PACIFIC

Philippines

ADNOC LEASES LNG CARRIER TO AG&P FOR BATANGAS TERMINAL

TIGRON ACTUATORS

Atlantic Gulf & Pacific International Holdings (AG&P) is to charter ADNOC Logistics & Services’ (ADNOC L&S) LNG carrier Ish as a floating storage facility (FSU) for its LNG import and regasification terminal in Batangas Bay, in the Philippines.

The agreement signed by the two companies is valid for 11 years, with the option to extend this by a further four years. AG&P will use the vessel from Q3 2022 for Philippines LNG (PLNG), the Philippines’ first LNG import terminal. The Ish, which was built in 1995 in Japan and has a capacity of 137,315.444 m3 of LNG, is currently under contract to ADNOC LNG. The new deal will extend the ship’s life by at least 11 years and improve resiliency of supply for PLNG customers.

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AG&P received the ‘notice to proceed’ for PLNG from the Philippines Department of Energy in March 2021. The integrated offshore/onshore import terminal will have an initial regasification capacity of 5 million tpa. and will also have capacity for liquid distribution. It will supply power plant, industrial and commercial customers and other consumers. It has already awarded two engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts to CB&I. AG&P subsidiary, GAS Entec will convert the Ish from a carrier to an FSI, while ADNOC L&S will be responsible for the supply, operations and maintenance of the FSU. ‘This agreement builds on our existing partnership with AG&P and demonstrates our continued focus on maximising value from our assets. By providing AG&P with another flexible storage solution for their new LNG terminal, we are able to extend the operational life of this vessel, unlocking incremental value and new opportunities for growth. Furthermore, as the provider of world-class shipping, offshore logistics and onshore services, we are growing our global footprint, delivering cutting-edge technology and services to our partners. Our project with AG&P in the Philippines will contribute to the economic growth of the country by leveraging the potential of clean LNG for power generation,’ says Captain Abdulkareem Al Masabi, CEO of ADNOC.

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08.02.2022 10:42:47

TERMINAL NEWS ASIA PACIFIC

South Korea

China

POSCO EXPANDING GWANGYANG LNG STORAGE

CHINA APPROVES HANAS FUJIAN LNG TERMINAL

NH Company, a joint venture between Korean steelmaking company Posco and subsidiary Posco Energy, is to build two new 2 million L LNG storage tanks at the Gwangyang LNG terminal in South Korea.

China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has approved the construction of Hanas Group’s LNG receiving terminal in the Dongwu Port Area of Meizhou Bay Port in Putian City, Fujian, China.

The project is worth KRW 750 billion (€55.42 million). The project will begin in the first half of 2022 and is expected to be completed by 2025. The new tanks are being built in response to rising LNG demand, for example for hydrogen production, power generation and producing steel. Up to 600 jobs are expected to be created during the construction works.

Hanas Putian LNG will have two LNG tanks each with a capacity of 200,000 m3, as well as a new dedicated LNG berth and associated facilities. The annual receiving capacity of the terminal will be 5.65 million tonnes. The LNG terminal will be connected to CNOOC’s existing West-East Gas Pipeline. Hanas Group will invest CNY 5.23 billion (€729.6 million), including CNY 4.874 billion on construction. It has not given a timeframe for the construction work.

The terminal currently has five tanks with a sixth currently under construction. The new tanks will take the total capacity of the terminal to 1.3 billion L. The South Jeolla regional government hopes to develop a low-carbon industrial cluster and energy hub in the area, and attract related industries such as LNG bunkering.

Algeria

SINOPEC TO BUILD SONATRACH LNG TANK A consortium of two Sinopec Group companies – Sinopec Luoyang Engineering (LPEC) and Sinopec International Petroleum Services (SIPS) – is to build a 150,000 m3 LNG tank for Algerian oil firm Sonatrach.

Under the terms of the contract, worth DZD 25 billion (€156.3 million), Sinopec will demolish two existing tanks at Sonatrach’s Skikda complex in northeast Algeria, before constructing the new tank. The project also includes supplying and installing equipment to connect the new tank to the LNG loading system of a new jetty at Skikda which is currently under construction, allowing for efficient LNG vessel movements. The works are expected to take 40 months.

‘The conclusion of this contract will strengthen the LNG export capacities of Sonatrach, which aims to consolidate its position as a regional leader in the production of LNG,’ says the company in a statement.

Australia

QUEENSLAND GOVERNMENT TO SUPPORT LYTTON TERMINAL WORKS The Queensland state government in Australia will provide a A$15 million (€9.4 million) loan to the IOR Group to accelerate planned development works at the Port of Brisbane and Lytton Fuel Import Terminal.

IOR will fund the rest of the A$50 million scheme, which began on 1 February 2022 and is expected to be completed by June 2023. At Lytton, the works include repurposing an existing 50 million L tank for diesel , building two new tanks for diesel storage and one new tank for biodiesel additive, upgrading a containment bund and the electrical infrastructure, and building new diesel loading pumps and loading bays. At the Port, IOR will build a new section of wharf deck to support a new marine unloading arm, and pipelines connecting the Lytton terminal to the new wharf.

The loan will come from the Queensland government’s Building Acceleration Fund.

Deputy premier and minister for state development Steven Miles says that the improved facilities will meet the Australian government’s long-term fuel security goal, which applies from 1 July 2022. The works will increase productivity at the port. bringing economic benefits.

‘The Lytton Fuel Import Terminal will add an additional 110 million L of diesel

PAGE 22

storage to the Queensland economy.

It will be the largest diesel only import terminal in Queensland and one of the few in Brisbane with the capability to receive international shipments of diesel via LR2 vessel,’ says IOR CEO Stewart Morland, adding: ‘With growing demand for diesel in Brisbane, we’re seeing congestion at many terminal sites. Upon opening, the terminal will open access to third parties and in doing so will help relieve congestion, reduce the time to load, accelerate productivity, and increase competition in the Queensland fuel market.’

Vietnam

JAPEX JOINS VIETNAMESE LNG TERMINAL PROJECT Japan Petroleum Exploration Company (Japex) has bought into a project to build a new LNG terminal in Nam Dinh Vu Industrial Park in Hai Phong City, Vietnam.

Japex has signed a share purchase agreement with Iteco Joint Stock Company, based in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam, and said it will ‘further proceed with the share acquisition procedures’.

The LNG terminal will have a 50,000 m3 LNG storage tank and associated jetty facilities capable of handling a throughput volume of up to 650,000 tpa. A planned expansion will add another 30,000 m3 tank. As well as construction, the project includes the procurement, storage, and supply of LNG. Iteco is in negotiations about offtake and distribution. A final investment decision is expected in 2022.

The facility is expected to open in 2025.

Pakistan

CNERGYICO PK BUYS MAJORITY STAKE IN PUMA ENERGY Cnergyico Pk, a Pakistani oil refining and marketing company (formerly Byco Petroleum), is to buy a 57.37% stake in Puma Energy Pakistan.

Puma has two petroleum storage terminals in Machike and Sindh in the Punjab region of Pakistan, with a total capacity of 10,500 tonnes, and more than 542 retail pumps in the country.

Cnergyico says that following the acquisition, it will have the second largest retail fuel network in Pakistan. It also has one of the largest refining capacities in the country.

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INCIDENT REPORT

INCIDENT REPORT A summary of the recent explosions, fires and leaks in the tank storage industry 24 February 2021

20 February 2021

26 January 2022

TANJUNG LANGSAT, MALAYSIA

PENNSYLVANIA, US

LOUISIANA, US

United Refining Company

Westlake Chemical South

Lotte Ube Synthetic Rubbers (LUSR)

A tank roof failure at United Refining Company’s (URC’s) Warren site caused petroleum vapour to leak, prompting emergency calls from local residents reporting suspicious odours. The company said the roof failure was due to heavy snows and rains. URC fixed the problem ‘as rapidly as possible’ and reassured its neighbours that the vapour was not harmful to human health.

A suspected vapour explosion in a chemical storage tank at the Westlake Chemical South site near Lake Charles injured six people. Five were hospitalised.

The empty ethylene dichloride storage exploded into flames just before 11am local time. A company spokesperson told news website Nola.com the chemical fumes had ignited in the 1 million gallon (3.8 million L) tank. Local residents and schools were given a shelter-in-place order, while the facility was evacuated. The fire was extinguished quickly. An investigation is underway.

An explosion and fire at LUSR’s 50,000 tpa polybutadiene rubber plant, which broke out at around 5.15pm local time, injured three people. Two out of the three storage tanks onsite, as well as connecting pipelines, were damaged in the incident. The site has been shut while an investigation into the cause takes place.

17 February 2021 HOUSTON, US Lyondell Basell Lyondell Basell Industries suffered a spill at the tank farm at its 263,776 bpd refinery in Houston US, according to Reuters. No further details were released, but a source told the newswire that an all-clear for the incident was released to local residents.

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PAGE 25

TANK TERMINAL UPDATE

TANK TERMINAL UPDATE: MIDDLE EAST Port of Duqm, Oman

OMAN OIL MARKETING COMPANY (OOMCO) Products: Marine fuel Construction/Expansion/Acquisition: Oman Oil Marketing Company (OOMCO) has opened its new marine fuel terminal, offering high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO), very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) and low sulphur marine gasoil (LSMGO). Bunkers can also be delivered by barge – the 10,000 tonne MT Alpha – which has a pumping rate up to 1,000 m3/hour.

Comment: Bunkering services are underpinned by the nearby Duqm refinery, which will have a capacity of 230,000 bpd when fully completed.

Port of Fujairah, UAE

Jask, Iran

IRANIAN OIL COMPANY (NIOC) Products: Crude oil Invesment: US$2 billion (€1.7 billion) Construction/Expansion/Acquisition: The Iranian Oil Ministry and National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) have begun exporting Iranian oil from the Jask Terminal on the Gulf of Oman. The initial daily export capacity of 300,000 bbl, will ramp up to 1 million bbl. The crude comes to the terminal from Goreh in Bushehr via a pipeline, which NIOC began operating in May 2021.

Comment: Plans for the terminal were announced in 2012, and construction of the crude oil tanks began in 2018.

Jebel Ali Port, UAE

PROSTAR CAPITAL

PETROCHEM MIDDLE EAST

Products: Oil and refined products

Products: Chemical raw materials

Capacity: 7.4 million bbl

Capacity: 40,000 m3

Investment: US$280 million (€239 million)

Invesment: US$80-90 million (€74-83 million)

Construction/Expansion/Acquisition: Prostar Capital refinanced Fujairah Oil Terminal (FOT), giving it a US$280 million (€239 million) debt facility, which it will use to connect FOT to Fujairah’s very large crude carrier (VLCC) jetty via Matrix Manifold 2 (MM2), and to the ADCOP pipeline, which delivers Abu Dhabi’s Murban crude to Fujairah and is currently being extended to MM2.

Construction/Expansion/Acquisition: DP World for land at Quay 7 at Jebel Ali Port, next to its dedicated chemical handling berth, to build a new chemical terminal. Petrochem plans to build 2430 stainless steel storage tanks, both large and small. The terminal will also have distillation and processing units, a day tank farm, tanker and truck loading facility, nitrogen generation plant and automatic drum filling machines.

Comment: Prostar Capital says that the work will allow FOT to take advantage of expected growth in crude trading in the region, following the launch of the world’s first Murban Futures contract.

PAGE 26

Comment: The terminal will be Petrochem’s second distribution and storage terminal in Jebel Ali and will be completed by Q3 2023.

Port of Duqm/Ras Markaz, Oman

GENOIL, RAS MADRAKAH PETROLEUM INDUSTRY COMPANY, BEIJING PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMPANY Invesment: US$2.4 billion (€2.03 billion) Construction/Expansion/Acquisition: Genoil, Ras Madrakah and Beijing Petrochemical are building a new 200,000 bpd upgrading refinery in Duqm. The project will include up to nine 500,000 bbl crude oil feedstock storage tanks in Ras Markaz, and an 80 km long, 28” (71 cm) diameter pipe to connect the feedstock tanks to the refinery.

Comment: The facility, to be built on a greenfield site, will use Genoil Hydroconversion Upgrader (GHU) technology, which was developed by Genoiol to upgrade sour and heavy crudes and bitumen. It is a catalytic hydroconversion technology.

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