Sustainable Urban Dynamics 2019

2019

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program

School of Architecture Lunds Tekniska Högskola Lund University P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se

AxSUD

Ax:son Johnson Institute for Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Partner Universities

Southwest Jiaotong University, School of Architecture and Design, Chengdu, China Beijing Jiantong University, School of Architecture, Beijing, China Kunming University of Science and Technology, School of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming, China Nanjing Tech University, School of Architecture, Nanjing, China

Book Editors

Benjamin Dohrmann, Teresa Arana Aristi

Cover Graphics

Tania Sofia Hueck

Photo Credits

Andreas Olsson, Fiona de Heer

Contents

Introduction 5

Foreword

6

People

8

Course Outline

10

Course Goals and Objectives

12

Working Process

14

Site Context

18

Design Site Workshop

22

Study Trip

26

Collaborative Workshop

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Projects

2

30

More Than Street

32

Threaded Dujiangyan

34

Harmonious Society

36

Connecting Places & Creatin Spaces

38

SOLID & VOID

40

An Urban Society

42

Affordable Dujiangyan

44

Dujiangyan wellbeing at first site

46

Don’t wake a sleeping dragon

48

The Lungs of Sichuan

50

Dujiangyan: A City For Everyone

52

Fast + slow Dujiangyan : A city center for all

54

Dujiangyan | Shaken not Stirred

by Abdulrahman Abdulkarim

by Adam Richter

by Adam Gerard Wójcik

by Afra Anika Poma

by Axel Hansson

by Catarina Rodrigues

by Cibele Guimaraes

by David Einarsson

by Ebba Lövehed

by Elias Allouche

by Elina Reymond

by Emma Houdoux

by Febe Schoemaker

56

Fragments of Memory

58

Local Loop

60

Sichuan spice and everything nice

62

光之城 | The city of light

64

Finding the Missing Middle of DJY

66

Cultivating Connections at Dujiangyan

68

Evergreen Dujiangyan

70

Living with the Green

72

Reclaiming the landscape of Dujiangyan

76

Where the city meets the mountain

78

The dual city

80

Dujiangyan - Active Dujiangyan

82

The Hermit: Identify Dujiangyan by Local Food Culture

84

Searching For Yin

86

A New Comunitea

90

Dujiangyan - Do it again

92

DUJIANGYAN: Agro-Urban Model of the East

94

balancing LIFE

96

Back To Field

98

Challenging Tomorrow

by Harry Mantilla

by Hikmatyar Abdul Aziz

by Jaisudha Nandakumar

by Jean Pierre A. Linhares

by Jenny (Chen Yi) Lee

by Kritika Singhal

by Lina Kratz

by Marcio Thomasi

by Meritxell Ferrando Casas

by Nora Seipel

by Patricio Meneses

by Sara Ebrahimi

by Siyu Lu

by Susan Smith

by Tania Sofia Hueck

by Vera Wetzels

by Wrishitesh Sarkar

by Yudum Gizem Öztürk

SUDes 2019

by Zhou Yue

3

4

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

During the autumn term of 2019, an international group of students participated in the advanced course Sustainable Urban Dynamics and its complementary theory course Urban Dynamics - Theory and Methods, focusing on creating a sustainable vision for Dujiangyan.

The aim of the design course was to challenge the existing development trends in China and propose an alternative sustainable future for the design site in the city of Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province, China.

Students focused on questions of urban development and sustainability in the context of China, globalization effects on the existing and new cities and the development of a holistic multi-scalar design process. These themes were explored throughout the whole semester in various seminars, guest lectures, and project tutorials with the goal that each student explores and presents a ‘context sensitive’ urban design proposal for the transformation of the assigned design site.

As part of the course, the class made for the first time a digital collaborative workshop in Lund and Chengdu with graduate students from Schools of Architecture in Lund, Design and City Planning from Beijing Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University. During the workshop, the students received data, deepened their knowledge off their design site and explored the possibilities of its development through the visionary group proposals presented at the end of the workshop.

The student projects were presented on the 10th and 11th of December 2019, to the international jury at the School of Architecture in Lund. This course booklet presents the overview of the design process of the design studio and introduces 32 unique individual works as result of the semester.

For further information on the course and the International Master’s Program please visit our website at www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se.

SUDes 2019

Introduction

Foreword

5

Introduction

People SUDes Team:

Guest Lecturers:

Peter Siöström Associate Professor Director of SUDes Master’s Program Sustainable Urban Design

Fiona de Heer, Landscape Architect /Urban Designer Peter Siöström, Associate Professor, Program Director SUDes Simon Poulsen, Associate Partner, Architect, ADEPT Jonna Ekholm, Architect /Urban Designer, Gehl Martin Arfalk, Landscape Architect, Mandaworks Simon Sjökvist, Architect, COBE Niels Björn, Urbanist Ph.D.

Andreas Olsson Architect Course Leader Fiona de Heer Landscape Architect / Urban Designer Teaching Assistant

Guest Critics: Caiyun Qian, Professor School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China Peter Siöström, Associate Professor, Program Director SUDes, Lund university Linus Zhang, Associate Professor, Lund University Delia Moldoveanu, Urban Designer, &Rundquist Martin Arfalk, Landscape Architect, Mandaworks Fiona de Heer, Landscape Architect /Urban Designer Jonna Ekholm, Architect /Urban Designer, Gehl Laura Like, Lecturer, Housing Development & Management, Lund University Simon Sjökvist, Architect, COBE Nevena Krilic, Architect principal at MMX YYZ Architecture

Workshop Participants: Peter Siöström Associate Professor Director of SUDes Master’s Program Sustainable Urban Design Andreas Olsson Architect Course Leader Workshop Leader/ Workshop Tutor Zhu Yuanyou Lecturer School of Architecture and Design, Southwest Jiaotong University Workshop Co-Leader

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Sheng Qiang Associate Professor, Ph.D School of Architecture and Design, Beijing Jiaotong University Workshop Co-Leader/ Guest Critic

6

Linus Zhang Associate Professor,Ph.D Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University Guest Critic/ Workshop Tutor Fiona de Heer Landscape Architect/Urban Designer Workshop Assistant/Workshop Tutor

Students:

SUDes 2019

Abdulrahman Abdulkarim, Syria Adam Richter, Sweden Adam Gerard Wójcik, Australia Afra Anika Poma,Bangladesh Annete Priyadarshini, India Axel Hansson, Sweden Catarina Mendonca, Portugal Cibele Guimaraes, Brazil David Einarsson, Sweden Ebba Lövehed, Sweden Elias Allouche, Sweden Elina Reymond, France Emily Axtell Himber, USA Emma Houdoux, France Febe Schoemaker, The Netherlands Harry Mantilla, Colombia Hikmatyar Abdul Aziz, Indonesia Isidro Santos, Spain Jaisudha Nandakumar, India Jean Pierre A. Linhares, Brazil Jenny (Chen Yi) Lee, Taiwan/Canada Kritika Singhal, India Lina Kratz, Sweden Marcio Thomasi, Brazil Meritxell Ferrando Casas, Spain Nora Seipel, Sweden Patricio Meneses, Chile Robert Garpetun, Sweden Sara Ebrahimi, United Arab Emirates Siyu Lu, China Susan Smith, Sweden Tania Sofia Hueck, Mexico Vera Wetzels, The Netherlands Wrishitesh Sarkar, India Yudum Gizem Öztürk, Republic of Turkey Zhou Yue, China

7

Introduction

Course Outline Sustainable Urban Dynamics The course Sustainable Urban Dynamics and its complementary theory course Urban Dynamics - Theory and Methods make up the two thirds of the 3rd semester of the Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program at School of Architecture at Lund University and are designed to engage in both theoretical discussions and spatial explorations through a semester-long design project that focuses on ‘the context sensitive design’ in China.

The course includes students enrolled in the architecture school, the SUDes Master’s Program, as well as Erasmus exchange students. Therefore, the course is filled with diversity, having students from a number of different countries and a number of professional backgrounds including planning, architecture, and landscape architecture.

The Sustainable Urban Dynamics studio is organized around an approach to urban design - ‘context sensitive design’. While the approach can be far-reaching, the studio focuses on three central theme aspects that will form the central driving forces for the theoretical discussions, investigative research, and design explorations.

These three key themes can be described as following:

1. Sustainability with Chinese Characteristics This studio will demand that each student gain comprehensive knowledge about China’s history, geography and culture. Today China is a place of rapid change. It is of the utmost importance that each student becomes an expert in historical perspectives, cultural understanding, economic arguments and environmental situations of Dujiangyan and the whole country in order to discuss how to make China’s future more sustainable. Each of the solutions should, therefore, be uniquely grounded in the specific situation of China, Dujiangyan, and the local context of the design site.

2. Place Making in a Global World Numerous critics have highlighted the generic and placeless qualities of globalized urban Sustainable Urban Dynamics

development. At the same time, proponents have applauded globalization and its qualities

8

of connectivity. Throughout the course, theoretical readings initiating the students on the benefits and challenges of living in a global world will be introduced. The challenge for the students is to become experts on the discussions of globalisation’s effect on urban

development and translate them it a design project that utilizes its context, speaks of the local qualities of the landscape, and shows how the architecture is specifically related to place and climate conditions.

3. From Vision to Design The course demands that each of the students works from a holistic vision down to the detailed design. Students are encouraged to do this by continuously moving between scales and testing their ideas both on the site and in the studio. Throughout the semester they are exposed to techniques, working methods, and theoretical discussions that provide examples of how to master this needed transition. The goal is to provide an initial toolbox for the students that they will expand on while creating their own unique story lines.

How to communicate their work - its global dimensions, its regional connections, and its unique sense of place - to the diverse audiences in Sweden and China is essential for their

SUDes 2018

professional careers.

9

Introduction

Course Goals and Objectives Sustainable Urban Dynamics Since the studio marks the 3rd semester of the master’s program, the expectations for this course are high. The students are expected to hit the ground running and to challenge themselves, to consistently bring a high level of energy, and to help the course to develop an atmosphere of collective innovation and continuous inspiration.

The goal of the teachers is to challenge the students, guide them throughout the semester and help them grow as urban designers. The hope is through seminars, tutorials, and critics to raise the level of students work by giving the opportunities to exercise the ability to critically discuss their own design work and better communicate the design intentions.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

WORKSHOP DESIGN PROCESS

10

WORKSHOP DESIGN PROCESS

The main key principles that we believe each of the students should strive to follow as they provide a framework for improving the design skills are as follows:

1. Produce An emphasis was placed on actively producing material to explore the possibilities of the site. It has been a central belief of the studio that quality design work comes through thorough investigation, large quantities of design sketching, and reflection upon that work through open discussions and dialogue. In that way it has been our intention to make the studio a test-bed for new ideas and innovation.

2. Research Parallel to production, research was integrated into each students individual design process. Either inspired by exemplary projects or by individual design sketches, research formed the foundation of each student’s proposal. Through this process, the student developed an unique design program and formed individual opinions on appropriate ‘context sensitive’ solutions. The research and theory also helped each student to develop their arguments within contemporary design discussion.

3. Push the Limits Research and production were geared to push the limits and break down the existing boundaries in the practice of urban design today. It is this studio’s belief that in order to achieve sustainability, it is a must to explore emerging research, cross disciplinary boundaries, and envision innovative design solutions that help create a better future for all of us.

4. Refine + Detail Focus and precision are keys to bringing an inspiring concept to reality. Implementation is the most critical phase in any design and its essential to pay attention to these details throughout the design process. Throughout the course, each student was asked to refine their work by utilizing drawing, modelling, and imagery to craft a project that speaks to the human dimension and convinces everyone that sustainability can be a tool to make a

SUDes 2018

better world.

11

Introduction

Semester Structure The semester schedule was broken down into 5 parts, each ending in student presentations.

The 6th and final part concluded the semester and provided the students a chance to improve and reflect upon their work. This structure allowed for the students to focus on specific components of their projects and design process as well as get feedback on a consistent basis.

In general, the structure worked from the large over-arching scale of globalization towards the development of design details within the final project. Each 3 week period required the students to go one step further in the development of their projects while at the same time bringing with them knowledge from their previous explorations.

Each period ended with student presentations to a jury that examined their progress and helped to push their work forwards. Through the guest critics comments and weekly individual tutorials, each students work grew in depth and detail in an attempt to tackle the challenges posed by the site and the course requirements.

Within each of the parts, the individual weeks had a rhythm to help structure the course work. Mondays and Tuesdays were typically reserved for seminars, lectures, and tutorials to provided inspiration and feedback for each student’s on-going work. On Wednesdays the students were given studio time to develop their projects based on the assigned tasks.

KICK OFF

W36

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

IN SEARCH OF CONCEPT

PHASE 01

PHASE 02

W37

Sep 03 - Sep 04 Pre-course assignment 00

STUDY TRIP Sustainable Urban Dynamics

W41

Working Process

Oct 09 sentation 02

12

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

PHASE 03 W42

W43

W44

Oct 30-31 Formal Tutorial 03

W38

W39

W40

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

PHASE 04

PHASE 05

W46

Nov 13-14 Mid-term Review Presentation 04

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

PHASE 03 W41

W42

W47

W48

W44

Oct 30-31 Formal Tutorial 03

COMPLETION

PHASE 06 W49

W50

W51

Dec 11-12 Dec 21 Final Review Final hand-in Presentation 05

INDIVIDUAL

PHAS

W43

Oct 09 Presentation 02

Sept 24 Presentation 01

W45

STUDY TRIP

W51

Exhibition

W45

Mid Pre

VIRTUAL WORKSHOP WITH CHINESE STUDENTS

FINAL REVIEW PRESENTATIONS

STUDY TRIP TO HAMBURG

SUDes 2019

WORKSHOP

13

Introduction

Site Context China and the Sichuan Province The first phase of the course focused on gathering information on the country of China, the city of Dujiangyan, and the assigned study site in the central part of the city. During the first three weeks of the semester, the students completed a variety of group studies on the city of Dujiangyan and its relationship to globalization and the regional dynamics of the Sichuan province. Each of the ten student groups explored a line of personal interest that related to their evolving research on Dujiangyan and the assigned design site.

The group mappings included analysis of Dujiangyan’s urban structure, rich history, social characteristics, economic flows, environmental challenges, and landscape. The results were presented to the whole class, and the research served as a strong base for the studio’s study visit and workshop in China. Additionally, three seminars took place providing a common theoretical background of the key questions of globalization, the history of Chinese urbanism and contemporary precedents of sustainable urban design in China.

Dujiangyan within the Sichuan province The brief asked to map out the impacts of globalization and on-going processes that were influencing the urban development of China and the Sichuan province. Located in southwestern China, the region is home to around 81 million people and is one of China’s largest and most dynamic economic areas. Further focus was placed on the physical impacts that the close connection to the provincial capital city of Chengdu and the regional planning for the future development of Chengdu were having on the city of Dujiangyan. During the investigations, the students discovered both Dujiangyan’s economic importance for China as well as its unique culture and history. It was evident that Dujiangyan was one of the most promoted tourist destinations in China with a vibrant and growing tourism industry, and was also rapidly changing through investments in

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

infrastructure such as high speed rail.

14

DIAGRAM: GROUP 3

DIAGRAMS: GROUP 8

SUDes 2019

DIAGRAM: GROUP 1

15

Introduction

Site Context The City Of Dujiangyan Located in the in southwestern China in the Minjiang river basin, the Sichuan province is a municipality home to 81 milion residents of which 14.3 milion live in the urban area of the city of Chengdu. In the close proximity to the capital city, there is the city of Dujiangyan, situated in the beautiful landscape of Sichuan province. The city of Dujiangyan is home to more than 650 000 people but with the close proximity to the province’s capital city Chengdu, it will be undergoing a process of urban growth and rapid development in the future. Keeping in mind the efficient high-speed train connection and new investments pointed towards the surrounding cities how do these trends influence the design site and what role do they play in the bigger context?

While resting on the analysis of the study site and developing their own regional strategy, the students were expected to transform their urban visions into site specific and clear designs, that adapt to the local culture, landscape and needs of the communities. In addition, they had to develop a strong argumentation of how the city’s challenges and planned infrastructural changes can be turned into a new opportunity for the future development of Dujiangyan. By testing innovative typologies that contribute to resilience and by developing thoughts and holistic narratives, the students managed to expand their concepts into compelling urban design proposals that facilitate the transformation of

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Dujiangyan into a more sustainable and livable place!

16

DIAGRAM: GROUP 5

URBAN FOOTPRINT - DIAGRAM GROUP 2

RURAL GROWTH INDEX - DIAGRAM GROUP 2

HERITAGE - DIAGRAM GROUP 7

DIAGRAM GROUP 8

DENSITY STUDY - GROUP 1

SUDes 2019

SECTION - GROUP 4

17

Introduction

Design Site The Design Site The approximately 65 hectares design site is located in the center of the city of Dujiangyan close to the old city center and is framed by the Puyanghe river in the north, by the Baitiao river to the south and by the 1st Ring road to the east. It is in walking distance from the high-speed train station in the South - West of the site.

Due to its location, the municipality of Dujiangyan has an ambitious plan to develop the design site into a sub-CBD district in a close future. The existing urban structure is already being removed, making space for traffic-dominated street network, generic high-rise development and enormous public spaces with no connection to the Chinese traditions.

The implementation of such aggressive developments often require insensitive relocation of the existing residents into the new structures, which leads to the loss of connection to the land, loss of community ties and segregation.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

THE DESIGN SITE

18

The Urban Village The existing urban fabric on the site has a very contrasting mix of formal residential blocks and a bare land - remains from the informal housing, the so-called “urban villages” or “village-in-the-city” (Chengzhongcun). As a common part of the Chinese urban landscape, they are considered the only affordable and adequate solution available to the urban poor based on labour-intensive sectors, such as Chengdu: low-cost living makes it possible to keep the wages of employees low, and therefore benefits the global competitiveness of the city. With the relocation of industries and services from Beijing to the west (“Go West” policy), the number of urban poor is set to increase in Chengdu (and Dujiangyan due to the high-speed train connection) as well as the demand for cheap housing. Since the government does not provide social housing, the role of urban villages within the market is crucial.

The students had to envision how these trends can be sensitively tackled in their semestral projects and turned into a positive challenge when designing the site. Keeping in mind the ongoing urbanization and migration of population towards the provinces’ capital cities and cities linked to them, they had to holistically address these issues in their projects

SUDes 2019

and sharpen the arguments for their design decisions.

19

Introduction

Design Site The Design Site In addition to the country-province-region-county (Peoples Republic of China-Sichuan ProvinceChengdu Region-Dujuangyan county) study, the groups had to analyze the spacial characteristic of the design site itself in relation to the on-going regional planning discussions. The brief asked to carefully investigate the site’s urban tissue and local context to highlight potential opportunities and constraints. The site’s architecture typologies, public space, and landscape characteristics had to be studied thoroughly in order for the groups to conduct conclusions and opinions for the potential transformation. The students investigated the physical dimensions of the site through study sections, scale comparisons, analysis of the public street-scape, density, cultural uses and green infrastructure.

The second phase of the project was both an analytical and a strategical design exercise.

Each student had to conduct additional studies and dig further into the essence of the design site, testing strategies, documenting interests. Besides, each student had to develop a ‘Concept Sketch’ - a visual summary of both his/her own interest, speculation and future

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

vision as well as any important questions that were to be tested during the workshop.

20

DESIGN SITE

OLD TOWN

DIAGRAM - GROUP 8

DIAGRAM - GROUP 2

SUDes 2019

STREET SECTIONS - GROUP 6

21

Workshop

Study Trip

The third phase of the course began with a 3-day study trip to Hamburg HafenCity.

HafenCity is Europe’s biggest inner-city transformation project that will convert a former port area into an urban district with successful integrated urban development that takes local requirements and high expectations of urbanity and sustainability equally into consideration.

The trip was composed of study tours, site visits, and the class had the opportunity to pay a visit to the City planning office in Hamburg to learn about the planning principles and on-going developments processes.

These experiences provided a valuable input for the collaborative digital workshop that followed with the Chinese architecture and landscape architecture students from the universities in China. The workshop resulted in group proposals that showcased a variety of sustainable strategies for the future urban development of Dujiangyan and offered an

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

informed alternative for the development of the site.

22

23

SUDes 2019

24

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

25

SUDes 2019

Workshop

Collaborative Workshop

For the first time the four-day collaborative workshop was made digitally and took place at the School of Architecture and Design at the Xipu Campus of Southwest Jiaotong University in Chengdu and at Lund University.

The workshop was done in teams of six to eight students - a mix of students from Lund University and students from the five Chinese universities.

The workshop was perceived as an exploration and each group was given the opportunity to present their strategic vision for the future of the site on four A1 posters at the end of the workshop. During the workshop, the students were encouraged to think broad and be visionary as the intent was to open up new ways of seeing and working with the complex issues presented by the site and the city of Dujiangyan.

Given the short time during the workshop, the students worked tirelessly to express and visualize their visions through strategic diagrams, urban and detail plans, section drawings, collages, and 3D representations. The teams were ambitious and productive but also maintained a friendly environment of learning and sharing. The proposals opened up for interesting discussions and challenged the traditional approaches to urban design in

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

the area.

26

27

SUDes 2019

Projects

Projects

Upon returning to Sweden from Germany and the completion of the workshop, the students were given 7 weeks to develop their individual design projects. Aided and guided by the tutorials and input from guests, the students were asked to develop a vision for future development through research, writing papers, and a series of design drawings that could together inspire the city of Dujiangyan towards a more sustainable tomorrow.

The following pages are a summary of the student’s projects presented on the 10th and 11th of December 2019, at the School of Architecture at Lund University. Through editing, we have selected a set of images and drawing that we feel best represents each student’s work.

As a complement, each student has composed a written project description to give further insight into their work and design process and also made two physical models of a chosen part of the design site in scale 1:2 000 and 1:200 to support the project vision.

It is our hope that all of the student’s hard work and energy can inspire you as much as it has

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

inspired us throughout the semester!

28

29

SUDes 2019

More Than Street Abdulrahman Abdulkarim, Syria

STREET PERSPECTIVE

“People are happy when the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

streets are liveable”

30

Dujiangyan is one of the cities that has been damaged by Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. The earthquake did not only damage the buildings, it also damaged the urban life and the public spaces there whereas it is part of the Chinese life, since the street life and linear public spaces and living with nature is one of the Chinese daily life. Since the earthquake, the city has been trying to reconstruct what has been damaged and try to keep the traditional values.

The proposal focuses on reducing the road widths, where in China roads go up till 8 lanes, that will reduce the emissions and by providing pedestrians and bike lanes will lead to promote walkability based on the cultural identity and propose a sustainable way that enriches the environment by spreading green public spaces along the blue structure, which glues to the economic growth that the site will benefit from.

Linear public spaces is a traditional Chinese planning and it inspired the design of the parks also and the green areas even though there are some debates that the linear public spaces have a political view behind it. The design will be focusing on inviting people to the site and let them live in a sustainable life where the cars is not the main part of it and encourage them to feel and experience the place by walking and biking. Using vegetation and water to connect the site.

The proposal will help the climate by reducing car use that will encourage more people and tourists to walk, which in turn improves the economy. However, framing the public spaces with mixed use blocks where you there are different functions and having commercial and shops the first two floors as well as twisting the building will help to provide different qualities of public spaces where different activities can happen.

MASTERPLAN

DETAILPLAN AND ISOMETRICS

SUDes 2019

SECTION

31

Borderland Adam Richter, Sweden

VIEW FROM PARK TOWARDS CONGRESS CENTER AND HOTEL.

“A gateway community in the borderland between wild nature

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

and mega city.”

32

When urbanization is taking place at an increasing rate, interest in ecotourism in China is also increasing as a direct consequence. In the borderland between wild nature and mega city you will fi nd Dujiangyan. As the last stop in civilization before reaching the newly established giant panda national park, Dujiangyan has the potential to become an international tourist destination and attract tourists from all parts of the world.

experiences, a strategy is required. A strategy to ensure that its inhabitants can feel safe but also give them the tools to sustainably manage the increased tourism flows and also gain access to the economic benefits that follow in its tracks.

Lessons from the US have shown that eco-tourism is dependent on good relationships between parks and communities in order for the fragile environments to stay protected while local communities can grow.

The project is divided into three phases.

Primarily, the focus is on solving the most urgent needs of the city.

It’s about setting up green corridors throughout the city that leads down to the new wetland park in order to prevent floodings. It is also about extending the planned tram to decrease car dependency. Secondly its about investing in the tourism industry and the neccesary service that it requires.

The unique geographical location of the city has shaped it in many respects to what it is today and will continue to do so. In order to tackle natural disasters and at the same time be able to meet the increased demand for eco-nature

The revenue from the expansion of the tourism will be put into upgrading public spaces and existing housing of poor quality. One phase is dependent on the other for a sucessfull and sustainable development.

Housing

Tram continues to industrial areas in the norheast

Housing Retail Housing Hotel

Office Visitor center Wetland riverpark with capacity to store rainwater Museum

Office

Retail

Hotel

Office

Office

New bridge Conference center Housing

Parking Housing

Housing

Tram continues to old town Mixed Bus station

Tram continues to train station and panda breeding research center Road continues to Chengdu

URBAN CONTEXT PLAN

Old town

Old town

Tram stop Tram stop

Chengdu

Chengdu

Solar envelope studies were done to not worsen the daylight conditions for the existing housing.

SUDes 2019

SECTION FROM NEW MAIN ROAD LOOKING NORTH

Office with retail in ground floor

Hotel

Museum

Retail

Elevated tram

33

Harmonious Society Adam Gerard Wójcik, Australia

MASTER PLAN

“My project ultimately ask: What are the design conditions necessary for fostering social

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

capital and democracy?”

34

In its socio-economic vision known as the “Harmonious Society”, China is begining to acknowledge the increasing social conflicts and inequality emerging in China as a result of unchecked economic growth and its dramatic pace of urbanisation.

The government has even expanded its development indicators beyond the economic to include environmental and social factors. However, one aspect of this new social philosophy that is lacking is any apparent encouragement of democracy. I believe that it is through genuine democracy that communities can develop the necessary resilience to overcome the kinds of social conflicts that arise from China’s dramatic urbanisation.

The proposed urban governance model aims to include local residents in as many aspects of the daily life, management and decision-making of the neighbourhood as possible.

One key aspect is to encourage collaboration within and between the neighbourhood’s functions through an artisan community network.

Encouraging encounter between different people is also the function of the public space network. Different public spaces cater to different needs, desires, times and events. I want to create smaller intimate spaces that contrast with the monumental scale exhibited in China’s current urbanisation trends. Diverse public spaces are designed to ensure a whole spectrum of democratic activities can take place - from introspection, reflection, anagoge, debate, communal work, lectures, performances and demonstrations.Furthermore, recycling buildings allow older housing to be upgraded and ensuring existing residents are able to remain rather than being dislocated from their existing communities.

Demolish all ndemned buildings. includes all buildings h are structurally und, irreparably maged by earthquake, nd are genuinely dangerous.

Phase 1 - selective demolition

Identify buildings which hinder a legible urban structure, whilst minimising demolition.

Establish clearer sightlines, courtyards, and movement corridors.

PHASING PLAN

THE ARTISAN PRECINCT

Phase 2 - encourage upgrade

An opportunity to reconfigure building footprints, encourage consolidation where appropriate, and create mild improvements to structural legibility.

Phase 3 - continue integration

Where possible, use new buildings to reinforce the new urban structure whilst integrating the existing built form

ARTISAN COURTYARD

SUDes 2019

mned buildings

UPGRADED INFORMAL SETTLEMENT

35

Connecting Places & Creatin Spaces Afra Anika Poma,Bangladesh

PAVILION PERSPECTIVE

Aim of my project is to create different scale of places for different age group of prople.

My vision is to create a balanced and vibrant city with the intigration between built enviornment ,natural elements and human activities. I choose public space as a driver ofmy vision where people get the chance to enjoy the art of nature and perticipate in the recreational activities..Bringing people together with natural elements in a mixture of different activities.Aim is to embrace local life styl and create different type of activity space.

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

I want to create a place where all subject can meet naturally ,enjoy their leisure time with the view of mountain.

36

I have tried to create pedestrian friendly environment with many different size and purpose public space occupied by all categories of users in the local community including the elderly, children, students , tourists, and young entrepreneurs.

I have tried to create different type of narrow street and pedestrian street with a focus on mixed use buildings and changing some of the streets into a slowphase plaza for sitting on or eating, drinking and playing traditional board games.Cause public street are the main form of civic space in chinese cities.

MASTER PLAN OF DUJIANGYAN

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

SUDes 2019

SECTION AA

37

SOLID & VOID Axel Hansson, Sweden

“What fascinates me most about China is the behavior of ordinary people on city streets.

This project is a reminisce of small public spaces in Chinese

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

urbanism.”

38

China is undergoing a rapid transition from a rural to an urban society. This radical urbanization has changed the relationship and interactions of people.

In the new Chinese city, fi nely meshed streetscape of courtyards, pocket parks and pedestrian-friendly streets are rapidly being replaced by a caroriented urban landscape with gated communities, central business districts with weak connections for pedestrians and cyclists and loosely defi ned open spaces. High-rise building design to maximize profit with no regard for street life are just one aftermath of the market-oriented economic policies adopted in 1978.

A concrete example of what rapid urbanization means for this region shows in the Urban Extent of Chengdu, the mega city 50 kilometers from Dujiangyan. In 2009 it was 167,680 hectares, increasing at an average annual rate of 13% since 2000. The urban extent in 2000 was 53,140 hectares,

increasing at an average annual rate of 11% since 1988, when its urban extent was 14,194 hectares. In such a rapid growth, the human scale is easily forgotten. Dujiangyan is a relatively small city in comparison (600,000 inhabitants). But also Dujiangyan is growing rapidly and the main aim for this project is thus to show how you can create a fi nely meshed streetscape focusing on developing a low/medium - rise, high density proposal that both relate to both the local and national rich history of architecture - and still be profitable.

In the development of a large area like this, its important to create different types of characters within the site and allowing variety and unique places to be formed. The proposal is based on three main areas, each with its unique expression. Common to the whole proposal is that the past street network before the area was hit by an earthquake has created a skeleton for the structure.

MASTERPLAN

SUDes 2019

SECTION

39

An Urban Society Catarina Rodrigues, Portugal

main entrance area

‘An Urban Society’ symbolizes moments of change empowered by social connectivity thriving values of harmony and belonging with one another by creating a grid structure for public space in the site, sudSustainable Urban Dynamics

dently it promotes a utopia of

40

urban resilience and connectivity.

stay places

pedestrian connection

street connection

Existing water

Existing green

Existing connections

Existing infrasctructure

The chinese landscape of tranquility and harmony with nature, reflects the idea of a becoming smartcity solution model that emphasizes the balance of architecture and the surrounding environment. The social connectivity thrives even more when there are human values related with the infrastructure of the city and the urban life between building, which creates the sense of place.

physical environment that affects social processes and the sense of belonging.

Developing layers of sustainability with urban connectivity can contribute to a eco-friendly atmosphere that brings all the community together.

My vision is redirect the principle of architecture connectivity into the site where the public space is key to make the connections with the surroundings and the main points of social interactions between people and buildings. Jan Gehl writes in ‘Life between buildings’, that ‘people come where people are’ and how its absense degrades urban life and contributes to lifeless cities and worse conditions of public space and public life. Creating the public space in Dujiangyan brings the sense of permeability in which adjusts a

‘The Urban Society’: Inspired by Jan Gehl’s book ‘Life between buildings’, is focus on connections both physical and social of the daily life of Dujiangyan.

This typical chinese city is developing in major scale on the context of urbanization and the using of the public space. The urban living society is integrated inside the city generating public spaces as meeting points which are connected with each other, cultivating social bonds.

The concept is to create different connections to improve the city life experience and revitalize the missing liveliness of the urban context.

Proposed green spaces

Proposed connections

Proposed infrastructure

SUDes 2019

Proposed water flow

41

Affordable Dujiangyan 负担得起的 都江堰 Cibele Guimaraes, Brazil

“If you can buy a house, but it is too expensive to go to work, it

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

is not affordable anymore.”

42

Dujiangyan has all the ingredients necessary to become an affordable city.

The area is close to nature and is protected

by UNESCO as a world heritage. The high-speed train from Chengdu provides access to easy commute (takes only 30 minutes), and tourism is one of the economic drivers of the area.

It can be explored further to warm up the local economy and also represents a chance for the city to develop a new fi nancial sector to create new jobs not only related to tourism. It is necessary to implement urban strategies to protect the city from falling into the housing shortage problem and make it possible to live and work at the same place.

The biggest challenge of this project is to propose an urban design/ strategies that could be attractive enough for private investors to work together with the local government through a partnership with local community

collaboration. The aim is not only to provide affordable housing but create a settlement more resilient towards social and environmental issues (especially towards social segregation and flooding risk), a profitable area for the private sector and local community and a new place where the inhabitants could build-up to its own identity.

FLEXIBLE AFFOR DABLE HOUSING UNITS

MASTER PLAN

S L AB B L OCK First floor retail

PODIUM + TOWER Intermediate public terraces

UFINISHED S L AB B L OCK P ossibility to finish the appartment following the dweller pace. P ossibility to increase more units in the future

TOWHOUSES 2 apartment

B L OCK Green roofs and courtyard First floor retail

S TARTER HOUSE (Shanty town area) P ossible to e xpandle following the dwellers need.

DETAIL PLAN

SUDes 2019

SECTION

43

Dujiangyan wellbeing at first site David Einarsson, Sweden

MASTER PLAN

“Can we create urban environments that contribute to social interactions and

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

well-being?”

44

According to the UN, a design that promotes the well-being of people is an important aspect heading towards sustainable development. Research shows that happier citizens are healthier, more collaborative and more productive, in this case, reconsider well-being does not only add on to wellbeing itself but can also increase other aspects such as the possibilities to strengthen local economies.

Out of 155 countries studied China ranks as the 86th happiest country, the fact that it is the most populous country in the world makes the question about well-being even more critical. Research in China shows that the economic transformation from rural to urban has a negative impact on the well-being and there are other downward trends that can have a negative impact on wellbeing such as the development in some technologies, buying more and more online makes people less willing to go outside their house, which then

can create a risk for increased isolation.

Furthermore, new technologies that are creating a lifestyle, that is to be constant ”online”, can be a reason for a more stressful lifestyle. This project looks at six overall main factors for well-being: basic needs, ease, social interactions, health, joy and meaning and belonging which then are to be translated into a design proposal for Dujiangyan. Dujiangyan is well known for its slow-paced lifestyle which puts the city into a contrast towards many other crowded cities in China. Despite the negative trends that can be the outcome of industrialism and urbanism the project looks at the possibilities to strengthen the identity of Dujiangyan and creating a design that contributes to the well-being.

PICTURE DESCRIPTION

ACTIVITY BRIDGE

THE BE WELL

SECTION

SUDes 2019

COURTYARD STRUCTURE

45

Don’t wake a sleeping dragon Ebba Lövehed, Sweden

“Start to see the constructional life cycle more circular than

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

linear.”

46

China is a country with high seismic risk. Within the last 100 years, one earthquake higher than Richter magnitude of 7.5 occurred every 5 years in China on average, and a M > 8.0 earthquake occurred about every 10 years. Though China only covers about 7 % of the land area in the world, it has more than 35 % of M > 7 continental earthquakes. In China, 58 % of the whole land area, more than 50 % of the cities and more than 70 % of the urban population are located in an area with high seismic risk. Moreover, most parts of China face the threat of earthquakes.

Though most recent earthquakes occurred in the western region, the eastern area with high population intensity is not free of danger.

The 2008 Sichuan earthquake, also known as the Great Sichuan earthquake or Wenchuan earthquake, occurred on May 12, 2008. Measuring at 8.0 (7.9) the earthquake’s epicenter was located 80 kilometres west-northwest of Chengdu,

the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding 6 M, continued to hit the area up to several months after the main shock, causing further casualties and damage. The rush to build schools and other public developments during China’s economic boom had potentially contributed to a somewhat slipshod construction.

The link between buildings is of great significance when it comes to earthquake safety. Buildings that are angled should not be linked in without some kind of support or moveable link, instead of a static one. The building has to be able to move when the ground shakes.

DETAILED PLAN

SUDes 2019

MASTER PLAN

47

The Lungs of Sichuan Elias Allouche, Sweden

R E L AT IO N S HIP B E T WEE N THE BLUE, GREEN & URBAN

“Is it possible to reverse the trend of rapid urbanization and put people’s health in the forefront of new urban

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

development in China?”

48

A F TE R NOON H A NG OU T I N THE NE W NE I G HB OR HOOD

Dujiangyang is a city by the mountains.

The backdrop and influence of nature is present in the city; it is famous for its ancient irrigation system which enables people to connect with the water and its healing power.

Population health is however more important than ever to improve, over one million people die prematurely each year due to poor environmental quality in China.

Dujiangyang’s existing environmental conditions forms a solid foundation for it to become a city that is known for an urban environment which once again promotes the people’s health, and for it to become a place where anyone can live a full and joyful life.

The main challenges ranges all the way from global climate change to the local infrastructure which puts a large emphasis on cars and drivable

neighborhoods. Factors such as frequent earthquakes, the hukou system and an aging population are also strong drivers for my project.

The end goal is to form a new part of Dujiangyan which benefits from the areas already existing environmental qualities, making fresh air and water an integral part of the everyday life as well as offering relaxation, green environments and turning drivability to walk- and cyclability.

Existing school

Sport facilities

Earthquake safety zone

Playground

Hutong

Hutong

A Hutong

Agricultural university

Hutong

Hutong

Pavilions & restaurants Mahjong parlor

B

Playground Urban retreat

Hutong

Hutong

Pavilions

Hutong

Hutong

Hutong

Hutong

A

House of culture & clubs

N

Hutong Playground

Hutong

Museum & exhibitions Existing pavilions

Playground

Urban retreat

Urban farming

Research facility #1 Existing pavilions Research facility #2

Campus Recovery & mental care

Food sharing & Local faires Earthquake safety zone

Recovery facility

Hospital

University

Common playground & commerce

Playground Existing pavilions

Commerce Offices Offices & commerce

Offices Earthquake safety zone

B

Hotel, offices & commerce

Train station

New tram line

N

N M A STE RP L A N

D E TA I L E D PL A N A ND A XI ONOME TR I C V I E W

SE C ONDA RY PU B L I C SPAC E

SE CTIO N A - A

N EW S T RUCTU R E

R OA D NE T WOR K A ND M A I N R OA D T Y PE S

SUDes 2019

CO NCE P T

49

Dujiangyan: A City For Everyone

Elina Reymond, France

MASTERPLAN 1:2000

Connect all neighbourhoods also to avoid creating unrelated communities to improve the lives of all residents of Dujiangyan: residents, the elderly,

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

young people, women, tourists.

50

Thanks to this idea, I created four different axes specifically dedicated to a category of people. The first axis is for the inhabitants, for their daily needs, they connect the residential neighbourhoods to the shops, the bank, the medical center and the station. The second is intended for tourists: this axis connects the old town and all tourist activities to the main tourist accommodation. The third is the cultural and educational axis: is for students, they connect the different schools to the river.

The last is the green belt, the green belt follows the river and creates a huge green space dedicated to everyone.

As I created different axes to connect different main points across the city, I decided to focus on the connection between these paths. As public spaces, these places are dedicated to all, they are in front of great monuments like a library or a cinema for instance.

Although I worked a lot on the different people who can use this place, I also work on the people who lived there: as a resident or a student. To develop their private spaces, I chose to work with idea of the heritage of the city and tradition.

So I keep the idea of the courtyards, traditional housing in this Sichuan region.

But, to continue in my idea of connection and inheritance, I decide to combine these two main ideas to create Hutong along the courses.

The Hutong, is a traditional narrow pedestrian pathway along the courtyards.Since they are located near

the courtyard, they are more intended for the inhabitants and their daily needs.

In addition, this project must be a sustainable project, which can be linked to future expectations of the needs of our planet. To do this, I decided to develop the idea of a sponge city, perfect for a city like Dujiangyan because of its rainy climate and the proximity of a river. Also, I decided to put on a road and place with a special floor covering.

Also I created large greens spaces, water ponds and green roof for instance.

This project combines different ideas that are always related, I use the real functions around the site to create these main axes that cross the site. I also use a connection with the past and the traditional heritage of the Sichuan region to make the residents’ house and improve our needs with the Hutong connection. And I also use the Chinese idea of sponge city to make the connection with the future, develop Dujiangyan as a sustainable city.

connection between inhabitant way and tourism way

the tourism way

4 000

4 000

3 000

the inhabitant way

connection between inhabitant way, tourism way and the green belt in front of the market center.

2 000

3 000

6 000

2 000

the cultural and educational way

In connection with the past : the courtyard and the Hutong connection 2 000 3 000

3 000 2 000

the green way

15 000

12 000

20 000 25 000

13 000

27 000

SUDes 2019

In connection with the futur : canals, green spaces and ponds. Dujiangyan as sponge city.

51

Fast + slow Dujiangyan : A city center for all Emma Houdoux, France

MASTER PLAN 1:2000

“My main goal is to revitalize our site but also be in tune with the existing context and population” A sustainable city = A well-balanced city

FAST

SLOW Elderly Take care center

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Multi religion center

52

Community plot Shared gardens

Offices

Student Campus

Restaurants

Community farming

Shopping

Meeting points

Finances

Biking

Tramway

The slow life is in relation with the local context, the mountains, the nature and integrates the local population and the minorities, and the fast life brings job opportunities, education, culture, tourism economy and connect the site on a larger region scale.

My vision principles are based on this combination of two living rhythms which provide a diversity of activities and a more healthy city environment.

My vision board is defi ned with this logo by assembling the two aspects of Dujiangyan in one masterplan to create sustainable and well-balanced city.

I used three different tools boxes: One is the water, to celebrate the water and use is as a binder to deal with the Flooding issue and to revitalize the site. One is the roads with this four different sizes, two being turned toward the slow and two more dynamics with the tramline or the bus and commerces. And fi nally the Typologies box: with four typologies

according to the activities it settle, offices, health care campus, incremental and courtyard.

My intentions was shared between this two style of living life that’s why I decided to combine them together as a driver for a well-balanced city and a city for all, including all types of population, minorities.

I used four differents diagrams : The water with the linear creeks which are used to connect the site with its neighborhood districts. The roads networks with an emphasis on the pedestrians permeable roads, the recreational trail along the river and the main tramline cutting the north part.

The green spaces with the highlighting of the green belt, the botanical garden and the private courtyard. And Finally the neighborhoods which explain the functions of my neighborhood, their size and also why I decided to put this activity according to its location.

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

water networks

CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

neighborhoods

roads networks

green spaces

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY

ELECTRIC GENERATO ELECTRIC GENERATOR

HOSPITAL

OLD TOWN GATE

SPITA AL

THE TRAIN STATION

M ROAD

S ROAD

ROAD TOOLS

WATER TOOLS :

CREEK ROA

L ROAD

COLLECTION ION PPARK

WA WATER SEVA VAGE GE / WA WATER ATER RETENTION

Water as a binder

THE TOWER SECTION 1/500

Green Roof

Green Roof

24m

Retention water 10m

Flush rain water

Reused water

pipe

Permeable pedestrian way 8m

Green gap

The Tower

Tramline

Student accomodations

16m

34m

Pump room 2.5m

Main River

Rain bassin CELEBRATE THE WATER

THE WATER MUSEUM SECTION 1/500 Collecting

Filtering

Reusing

Rain bassin

30m

10m

Irrigation Heritage Museum

Rain bassin

Rain bassin

21m

Main River

Main River

TRADITIONAL COURTYARD INCREMENTAL HOUSING

Slow Edge

7m

Stormwater Collection public park Filtering biotopes

10m

SLOW RIVERSIDE OFFICE BUILDING WITH WINTER GARDEN

PRIVATE TRADITIONAL COURTYARD

HEALTH CARE CAMPUS

WOOD ESPLANADE VIEW

SUDes 2019

Private Courtyard with outdoor playground

53

Dujiangyan | Shaken not Stirred Febe Schoemaker, The Netherlands

VISUALISATION SEMI PRIVATE SPACE

“Building earthquake resilient

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

equals building sustainably!”

54

This project focuses on creating an earthquake resilient neighbourhood with Chinese culture as context.

Designing for resilience helps to create a more sustainable living situation as it results in less use of building material, since there is less need for rebuilding.

The main focus for this design will be to create resilient building structures, as opposed to adding a stabilising base underneath a building, since this can be expensive. One of the aspects of creating a resilient structure is using a light material such as wood. Not only does wood grow locally and is a traditional building material, it also has a significantly lower environmental impact than concrete. Building in wood also allows for a modular architecture.

This can mean that parts of a building construction can be replaced once broken, and constructions can be more flexible so the materials can be easily reused and recycled.

This concept lands in the urban scale

in a number of ways. The most visible are the two production forests in the middle of the plan. These forests give wood to be able to transform existing or damaged buildings, supply for upkeep of the buildings, and supply the wood working school. Another way in which this project creates a sustainable design is by retaining as much of the current structures as possible to minimize the unnecessary use of building materials.

Thirdly, the new buildings have mainly 90 degree corners which insures a more stable construction that doesn’t need the addition of a stabilising base. The few buildings that don’t follow this principle have a parking garage in the bottom for stabilisation. Furthermore, all the access ways are at least six meters wide to ensure access for emergency vehicles. Lastly, the public realm plays an important role both during and after an earthquake. Therefore the structure is set up to ensure multiple safe spaces during an earthquake and spaces for different functions in the aftermath.

Detail Plan

Lo

ng

Sec

tio

n

A

MASTERPLAN

Build earthquake safe public spaces & infrastructure

Earthquake Starts!!!

Earthquake proof the buildings

Safe public spaces fill with people

Backup generator and water filter start running

First aid arrives

Earthquake Ends

Temporary housing is set up

Wood is harvested to make space for temporary housing and create building material

All people are back into their houses

Back up generator and water filter turn off

Broken parts of building construction get replaces

EARTHQUAKE TIMELINE

Restaurant

Housing

Construction of earthquake safe public spaces

Opening of woodworking school and workshop

Begin of rejuvinating the slum adjacent areas Housing

Housing

Housing

Begin constructing and upgrading roads

Expansion of the health care centre Housing

Housing

Building & opening of forest Paifang

Finish construction and upgrading of roads

Building & opening of neighbourhood Housing Paifang

Housing

Housing

Housing

Restoration and transformation of existing structures Housing Housing

Housing

Housing

Housing

Housing

Housing

Housing

Workshop or Housing

Teahouse

Housing

Café

Construction of new structures

Finish rejuvination of slum adjacent areas

Housing

Office

Office

SUDes 2019

Ceremonial STREET TYPES planting of the first tree

Transformation of mixed riverside and built of extra bridges Housing

Shop

55

Fragments of Memory Harry Mantilla, Colombia

MEMORIES OF A PLACE I HAVE NEVER BEEN. CONCEPT FOR THE PODIUM, THE STREET AND THE COURTYARD.

“Memory is what I have

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

instead of a view.”

56

The current growth of cities is debated between two contradictory situations: the urgency of infrastructure for a growing population and the conservation of the identity that defines a place in time. The rapid urbanization of Chinese cities where the traditional landscape, both natural and cultural, has been replaced by generic urbanism at a high environmental cost is not an exclusive phenomenon of China; it also happens in different places around the world like India, Latin America, Africa etc. Given this situation, is it possible to reconcile development with the identity of the place through sustainable urban design?

This proposal for the urban reorganization for a central area in Dujiangyan in China aims to reconcile two topics: The generic place and memory. Without the possibility of travel to recognize the context, the idea of the place is presented as an abstraction, a longing for a distant place

built by memory fragments based on the following questions: What does China mean? What does a reference mean?

What is the identity of a place? How should be the relationship between man and nature?

As a result, a large and rational urban structure is proposed to response to the physical context by reorganizing, re-densifying and reconnecting the intervention area using generic elements: the block, the podium, the street, and the courtyard. In contrast, the way these same generic elements are organized relates to the memory of the place from the reinterpretation of traditional Chinese public spaces and the relationship with landscape and urban elements such as the Dujiangyan irrigation system, the mount Qincheng and the Xijie Historic District. This abstract proposal for Dujiangyan shall be considered as a critical reflection on the role of contemporary sustainable Urban Design.

GENERAL PLAN

LANDSCAPE CONNECTIONS

SUDes 2019

SECTION - LANDSCAPE CONNECTIONS

57

Local Loop

Hikmatyar Abdul Aziz, Indonesia

“Local Loop is a local-driven urban development which strengthen Dujiangyan’s identity by exposing local

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

contexts.”

58

Dujiangyan is well known tourist attraction with natural beauty and cultural diversity. Those assets drive future planning and create new sustainable habitat in the city. The idea is to integrate different layers of urban life in Dujiangyan such as commercial district, traditional house, public school, street foods, and communal space.

When each layer has its own issues and potentials, design proposal has a role as urban catalyst which propose thematic streets connecting those layers and become life cycle on the site.

This integration will create different atmosphere of walking along the river because diverse program on the site which lead to sustainable society and resilient city.

Local Loop become an initial start of larger urban growth in Dujiangyan.

It is started by creating integrated urban programs on the streets and encouraging local people who live in the city center near old town to

establish sustainable habitat and will grow in city scale. The project is built gradually in order to fit with local contexts and time perspective. Firstly, design proposal will make commercial district as a gate to the site and provide homestay for tourist to experience local life in Dujiangyan. Then, optimizing limited space for urban farming which create social interaction, food security, and agriculture for edutourism. Furthermore, transforming old structures become cultural center and strengthen local industry by proposing culinary blocks. Lastly, designing social hub along the river to activate the spaces.

59

SUDes 2019

Sichuan spice and everything nice Jaisudha Nandakumar, India

CONCEPT MODEL

“A circular economy model for food is followed to achieve an economy system that will bring

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

wealth and health to the city ”

60

The system starts with a botanical garden that has an abundance of edible fruits and vegetables which serves both as a tourist hotspot and an urban farming learning center. With the knowledge from the botanical garden neighborhoods can begin their own urban farming in their neighborhood this is to achieve a sense of community with the neighborhoods and also to make everyone enjoy and appreciate the fresh produce. Now many neighborhoods grow varied spices and fresh produces that can be exchanged at the marketplace every morning along the riverfront a good way to attract people to enjoy the breathtaking view of the river in the morning hours before the city becomes super busy with vehicles. Now the citizens all have access to fresh produce so now we can

teach them how to actually enjoy their locally grown best way possible from the urban squares with food stalls that not only attracts food tourism but also spreads awareness about the local cuisine. In these settings with a large food preparations area concentrated in a small area could bring about an enormous amount of waste so, this waste can be collect to make manure for the urban farming.

WORTH A COUNTRY R RY

The amount China spends eating out is greater than the GDP of Sweden

REUTERS/KIM KY K UNG-HOON

By Echo Huang • May 12, 2017

More please.

untry d

’s

illion

455 425 395 387 8 87 377 370 331 Share

MASTERPLAN

VISION FOR THE SITE Every part of a fresh produce is used to its fullest

Food waste used as manure to be used in growing new vegetables.

Encourage and educate about local produce

Circular Economy model for food production.

Urban squares with all the local street food.

Exchange of vegetables and fruits with one and anothe r.

SUDes 2019

SECTION

Community gardening to ensure quality and productivity

61

光之城 | The city of light Jean Pierre A. Linhares, Brazil

“One generation plants the trees, another gets the shade”

Occupying the first position on the CO2 emissions list, China has encounter extreme events, mainly caused by the dense layer of pollution originated from the energy industry.

Non-fossil energy Natural gas

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Oil

62

12% 6%

18%

The impacts of climate change are raising concerns across the world.

Globally, thousands are already being forced out of their homes due to climate-related causes.

CHINA ENERGY MIX

64%

Coal

China’s energy mix is mainly composed of coal, followed by oil, natural gas, and non-fossil energy.

Recent research from the CUHK shows that air pollution is found to cause an average 1.1 million premature deaths in the country each year and are destroying 20 million tonnes of rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, costing the Chinese economy 267 billion yuan.

The vision for the future Dujiangyan city center is driven by energy and

food production, as well as a strong cultural hub for both locals and tourists. It’s based on a central green spine that serves as recreational use and productive landscape, gathering facilities to produce energy, food and leisure activities. The north side is a mix of preserved built structures and new buildings. The south side is a mix-used urban structure plan, gathering a modern approach to the traditional Chinese urban design.

The proposal lands in a plan that establishes a design towards the future. On the edge of the upcoming climate change scenario, more and more solutions that contribute to a resource-smart future are needed.

These thoughts were the main driver for the project proposal, that envisioned a city of abundance, a city of knowledge, a city of culture, a city of light.

DETAIL PLAN SCIENCE PARK AREA

SUDes 2019

MASTERPLAN

63

Finding the Missing Middle* of DJY Jenny (Chen Yi) Lee, Taiwan/Canada

B

C A B

A’

B C’

B’

B

B

Sustainable Urban Dynamics 64

Community Marketspace

Public Service Centre

Public Library

Volca�onal School

Water-use Research Centre

Parking House 1 Public Commercial Market Square

MASTER PLAN

“Finding the Missing Middle* of Dujiangyan is a sustainable urban design project which focuses on attempting to achieve social sustainability in the project site in the city of Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China, whilst considering agendas of environmental and economic sustainability with the intent to create win-win solutions between the powerful state government and the local communities.”

The main goal of Finding The Missing Middle* of Dujiangyan is to bridge the potential social gap between existing business and residential zones by proposing a variety of mixed functions to diversify the otherwise exclusive zoning system, and by implementing a series of public spaces such as parks, pedestrianfriendly streets, community gardens and meeting spots in various scales (i.e. from public squares to community marketplaces) in order to facilitate the existing desire for small-scale trades

and community-orientated social spaces (such as places for neighbours to chitchat or play ma jiang). The project also proposes institutional programs such as a public library and a water-use research centre, and a vocational school as alternative education systems in response to the low average education level on site. In addition, with regards to the growing tourism in the city, the project also intends to create an attractive urban scape for not only the locals of all social statuses, but also visitors via a centralized ribbon park along the canal across the site. The atmosphere around ribbon park shall focus on celebrating the historic characteristics of the site with modernized Sichuan-style architecture providing retail spaces across the street, abundant greeneries, seating areas for picnics or breaks, and a pedestrian and bicycle boardwalk all along the canal reflecting the Taoist philosophy of balancing humans and nature…

1

2

3

4

DESIGN STRATEGY: (1) DEFINE EXISTING TRANSIT HUBS; (2) DEFINE EXISTING CIRCULATION & BUILDING FUNCTIONS; (3) ADD NEW CIRCULATION & BUILDING FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO THE EXISTING; (4) ADD RIBBON PARK AS CENTRALIZED ACCESSIBLE PUBLIC GREEN SPACE

Public Business Commercial Res-comm Mixed Flex Residential*

SECTION A-A’

Residential Ribbon Park Public Parking Existing Building

SECTION C-C’

SECTION B-B’

SUDes 2019

*Flex Residential The new proposed typology allows optional commercial activities at the bottom 2 floors of typical residential buildings.

65

Cultivating Connections at Dujiangyan Kritika Singhal, India

Farmer’s Market Square Multi-use Destinations promoting Local Economy

“Create, Connect, Communicate and Integrate Agriculture

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

in Urban Life”

66

Urban Agriculture provides fresh food, generates employment, recycle urban wastes, creates greenbelts and strengthens cities resilience to climate change. The idea was to reinforcing the growth of the existing agricultural habits in Dujiangyan.

To create these per-formative edges so as to mediate the gap between local farmers and urban consumers. It could be a hub that can generate awareness about the need and importance of urban farming in today rapidly growing cities.

The development strategy adopted was to achieve cohesiveness at various scales in the city. The proposal tries to identify residual areas on site as well as to create stronger connections with the farmlands on the outskirts of Dujiangyan.

The initial approach for design was to find methods by which urban farming can be practically made possible on this site. The key solution found was to create pollination corridors that help

both ecologically as well as socially in the urban context. Along these corridors tvaried functions are planned so as to make them as active and resilient edges in the urban fabric.

Parks and squares planned along the farming stretch which would serve as Multi-use destinations in the city.

Organic vegetable stores and weekly market space allocation are provided to help build local economies. Also, the building architecture is designed to support urban farming or related activities.

Master Plan

Pollination Corridors_ Dry season

Pollination Corridors_ monsoon season

Connecting Local Culture and Educating Communities

Improved Soil Condition and Rain Water harvesting

SUDes 2019

Ariel Section through the Site

67

Evergreen Dujiangyan Lina Kratz, Sweden

TERRACE WITH BAMBOO

“To give everyone an opportunity to participate in urban farming it is possible to create a development with man

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

and nature in harmony”

68

The site will create a harmony between man and nature by creating a hub of knowledge about bamboo farming in an urban context. This hub will be a place for research about farming as well as the use of bamboo. Here, everyone can come visit to see and learn about sustainable city farming. The whole site will be engaged in the bamboo farming, but in different levels due to its existing context and opportunities.

Different kinds of movement will connect and create important nodes.

To strengthen these nodes as well as integrate the bamboo center into the whole site the bamboo will also emphasize this.

By connect and use the existing context the site will be well established in the city. Another existing important context is the river’s potential, a park for recreation and joy is built around the river to give access to it.

Inside the site, different typologies will create different density and characters.

To lead to the park the buildings will have terraces to keep green streets without creating too wide streets. The more narrow unit street will open up for meeting and the typical chinese street culture. This bamboo park and center will give character to the city, and to make this as a node from everywhere and not just only inside the site two taller buildings will act as strong visual nodes to lead the way to the bamboo!

The dimensions and rooms are created to give different opportunities to participate so we can create the harmony between man and nature.

PICTURE BAMBOO DESCRIPTION PARK CONNECTED TO COMMERCIAL

BIRD VIEW

SUDes 2019

BLOCK WITH BAMBOO FARMING

69

Living with the Green Marcio Thomasi, Brazil

“My project connects urban life with green and blue

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

landscapes”

70

After the analysis phase, I discovered that air pollution is still one of the biggest problems in China. Together with that, Dujiangyan is currently growing, which increase the search for housing; and the city is still attracting many tourists because of its nature and heritage. Therefore, this project follows these 5 principles to develop a healthy city for residents and also attractive to tourists and businesses.

- Reduce air Pollution Emission: avoiding the use of cars, and developing a alternative public transport - Connect Urban Life with Nature: providing to people different affordance of green - Promote a community Wellbeing: stimulate mental and physical health, also social interaction - Make it more attractive for Tourists, Business and Residents: strengthen existing qualities and developing new ones.

My main concept for this urban design is to integrate different scales of green into the urban fabric. My four typologies of green are Private Green, Pocket Park, City Park, and Vertical Forest. All of those combined guarantees that people can interact with greenery in different times and more often.

For my landscape strategies, I want to create a green network that connects the Dujiangyan scenic area, which is a big park with a strong heritage. I also want to sew the area with the rest of the city so It does not feel like an empty space in the middle of the city. I apply the existing uses and qualities on the site to create a continuous city.

For the third strategy, I want to strengthen the existing attraction and develop new landscapes. And finally, I am creating a tramline that can connect these different attraction points and reduce the use of cars in the city center.

THE GREEN SYSTEM

DETAIL PLAN

SCALES OF GREEN

LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES

SUDes 2019

THE URBAN FABRIC

71

Reclaiming the landscape of Dujiangyan Meritxell Ferrando Casas, Spain

VISION OF THE CITY

“Dujiangyan has an undeniable bond with the water. The river is

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

an icon for the city.”

72

In Dujiangyan, as a city that has been shaped by water, the connections along the river are well-established, however; the ones across the water are missing.

Furthermore, zooming in on our site and understanding that the water is the most important feature in the city, the inhabitants are not connected with the river. The water of the river flows very fast and makes a lot of noise. Also, it is always separated by walls, so there is not a direct connection between the people and the river.

The main point of my project is to connect both areas across the river. I think it is really important to have a city well-connected to the old town, the main station and the most important infrastructures and buildings. So, my proposal is to establish a perpendicular connection through new water canals.

In this way, we can slow down the water of the main river and create new public spaces improving the quality of the inhabitants’ life and their relationship

with the river. Also, in the previous analysis we found some hidden canals on our side so, we can connect the new ones with the existing ones.

Creating these small water canals we have the opportunity to take advantage of using the water for sustainable functions, such as water management to water the plants, to avoid flooding and for storm water management solutions.

Also, trying to create a self-sufficient city we can implement solar panels to generate energy for the houses.

Finally, at the site there are some brown fields which are a consequence of the earthquake in 2008. These areas are empty and polluted. In these spaces the new water canals can flow freely taking up part of the green public space.

So, another main point of the project is to recover these areas as main connections, too. In the future some parts of these areas will be mainly intended to construct buildings.

MASTER PLAN

( )

25% 75%

­

25%

75%

STRATEGIES

BEFORE AND NOW

SUDes 2019

73

74

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

75

SUDes 2019

Where the city meets the mountain Nora Seipel, Sweden

VISUALISATION ALONG THE RIVER

“I want to focus this project on reconnecting with the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

mountains ”

76

This is a project about a mountain and a city. The city Dujiangyan is situated by the foot of the enormous Longman mountains and the historical link between the two is strong. So, wouldn’t you believe that the city should be well connected to this important feature?

The truth is that the site, and many other parts of Dujiangyan is poorly connected to the mountains both visually and physically. When I learned this, I couldn’t help thinking what a waste it was. That’s why I want to focus this project on reconnecting with the mountains.

The next step is about strengthening the visual connection. This can be done in several ways. I start by creating a network of straight streets that both allows new view paths as well as clearer paths leading you down to the river. The visual connection can also be strengthened by new view points, in this case active roof tops, and higher towers. To flirt with the structure of the mountains, the buildings in the site are higher the closer to the mountains you get. This will open up for diversity in both building functions and public spaces.

From the site up to the mountains, it’s only a distance of 1.5 km. Not that far you might think. But when there are no bike lanes, and badly connected pedestrian lanes, the distance becomes bigger. This is where I start this project, by proposing a stronger physical connection from the fast train station up to the mountains.

There are three strong features that I take from the mountains and bring to the site: the greenery, the temples and the mountain as a surrounding feature.

This is simply translated into urban design by creating a surrounding block structure where each block has access to greenery as well as a higher building with access to the roof top for the people living in the block.

MASTER PLAN

PRINCIPLES

Surrounding mountains

Block structure creates a surrrounding structure

Traditional temple

One higher building in each block with public access to the top floor

Greenery Activating the river to make it work as a link to the muntains

Greenery in each block

Streight streets to create clear views

Increasing building height to flirt with the mountains

DETAILED PLAN

SUDes 2019

PLAY

77

The dual city Patricio Meneses, Chile

“The final goal is to create a more attractive, flexible and safe city for local inhabitants and visitors, improving opportunities of things to do and see, but protecting the heart of

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Dujiangyan communities.”

78

My first strategy is the diversification of routes where visitors can walk from the train station to the old town.

After this, I want to create a system of streets that connects both sides of the canal, in order to improve pedestrian accessibility within the study area and through the north-south parts of the city.

This connection will be organized by different routes guiding visitors in a succession of public spaces with focus in local commerce. The routes will be characterized by different streetscape typologies, from a wide commercial streets for public and private transport, bikes and pedestrians, Flexible boulevards for private transport, bike and pedestrians to local alleys for bicycles and pedestrians.

The building typologies product of the street organization will be defi ned by the typologies of the streets surrounding

them. In addition all commercial streets will have a commercial ground floor open to the public. This flexible system is going to be configured for crowds, tourists, movement, commerce, celebration and safe displacement of people during “Peak Events”.

In the core of housing buildings private courtyards will be available for use in order to provide a safe and intimate space for local communities to stay isolated from visitors. This is going to be configured for the local inhabitants in order to provide them a place to keep their peace, intimacy and traditions.

Finally, for public space quality and water runoff risk reduction the project will include water management strategies following the concept of “sponge city”. The idea is to create a system connecting private courtyards, public areas and streets using permeable pavements, collectors, green areas, green roofs, ponds, etc.

79

SUDes 2019

Dujiangyan - Active Dujiangyan Sara Ebrahimi, United Arab Emirates

TAIOSM AREA

“The aim of the project is to create a balance between the living local inhabitants and

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

tourism”

80

The aim of this project to create a balance between the living local inhabitants and tourism, where the residents can enjoy living in Dujiangyan and work rather then go to the bigger city Chengdu for work leasure. The main focal points are the housing that forms livable communities, promoting nature, tourism attractions and heritage.

My strategy is to propose cultural hubs and active cultural streets that contribute to Dujiangyan’s tourism, and at the same adding an activity for the people who live in the site, therefore creating a vibrant and active city. The site’s main hub/attraction, the centre of the site, is the traditional Chinese garden, where people living in the city can visit and attract tourists at the same. An amphitheater for to enjoy a traditional Chinese theatre, a place for martial arts, to promote sports, workshop center where people can take part in handcrafts and paint and a Taoism center, where tourists can learn

about Taoism and for the people living there to practice it, also a cultural library.

Tourists can easily visit the site as there are various bus stops and a train station.

This strategy will attract tourists to come and see more of Dujiangyan. Also, it will be a create an attractive place for the people of Dujiangyan to live in.

The housing typologies are developed in a way that the people living there have their own communities and separated from the tourists, to create a balance between the living inhabitants and tourists. There are different type of green areas proposed in the site, consisting of, private green areas, pock parks and neighborhood parks.

I propose this concept as this site has potential to become a thriving place for the people living there while adding to the economy of Dujiangyan. These hubs will create job opportunities for the people living here, and will create places to attract a younger generation.

MASTER PLAN SECTIONS

CULTURAL HUBS DISTRICT

SUDes 2019

DIAGRAM

81

The Hermit — Identify Dujiangyan by Local Food Culture Siyu Lu, China

SOCAIL IDENTITY CONCEPT COLLAGE

“While the ‘lesser hermit’ lives in seclusion in the country, the ‘great hermit’ does so in the city. The hermit is now representing a spirit that people can enjoy the most quiet, comfortable relaxation, great quality of Sustainable Urban Dynamics

life implicit in cities."

82

As a city with one of the most ancient water irrigating system, Dujiangyan is not only a city having historical cultural heritage, but also a city having rich natural heritage.

However, during the research, it was found that the imbalance between natural landscape and urban development has gradually happened.

When it comes to Dujiangyan, most of the people only know about its water irrigating project and the mountains, but nothing about the city itself, which has resulted to the seperated city image, as well as the loss of historic cultural heritage.

Acturally being the birthplace of chama (tea-horse) commercial road, farming civilization, silk culture and Taoism...

Dujiangyan should have much to say about its own story in city areas.

Therefore, what a pity for a city with a 5000-year-history to lose its own identities during urban process.

Then, as a city located in naturestore, could Dujiangyan making use of its unique local food culture as a starting point, to introduce its stories to travelers, and sustain the slow-down life style(as a city for hermits) at the same time?

The design plan focusing on two main user groups of the site--local elderly&travellers, and providing a vision as follows: Making Dujinagyan be a livable, tourist city with slow urban lifestyle and self-sufficient society by building up local specialty production system and combining it with tourist experience in the site.

MASTER PLAN

DETAIL PLAN

SUDes 2019

SECTIONS

83

Searching For Yin Susan Smith, Sweden

PLAYGROUND

RH 3

ABH 2 RH 3

ABH 2

APT 1 COMMUNITY GARDEN

PARKING BUILDING

MAIN RIVER

APT 2

ABH 1

PLAYGROUND

PLAY GROUND

RH 2 APT 2

ROOF GARDEN

ABH 2

ABH 2

RH 2

APT 1 COMMUNITY GARDEN

ABH 2

ABH 2

RH 2 ROOF GARDEN

ABH 1

APT 2 APT 1

RH 3 COMMUNITY GARDEN

RH 1

EXISTENT BUILDING

PLAYGROUND

B PLAYGROUND

APT 2

APT 2

PUBLIC EXISTENT BUILDING

APT 2

DETAILD PLAN SCALE 1:1500 ABH 1

“A balanced urban fabric with a fragment of nature, lively communities and a dynamic

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

public realm.”

84

Searching for yin is about fi nding balance between movement and stillness. The goal is to provide a recreational urban setting, while making a place where people can live together in communities. The project is exploring different typologies, trying to fi nd a balanced density with a wide range of opportunities for the citizens of Dujiangyan to live their everyday life.

Dujiangyan is a slow city in a fastgrowing country, located at a high altitude surrounded by mountains. The site connects with scenic areas in the west, with a delta of rivers embedded by nature. Taoism was born in Qingcheng mountain close to this city, which stands in contrast too many other, more dense and polluted Chinese cities. The qualities of the site make the concept of this urban design project much relevant to explore.

By creating new waterways, the inhabitants will have the opportunities

to experience linear semi-recreational spaces, where stillness and health is in focus. The new creeks and bio-swales will be the main stormwater collectors in the site, which is needed due to Dujiangyans high amount of downfall.

Additional built structure is adopted to the scale of existent buildings within- and surrounding the site. The typologies are designed with microclimate and energy sufficiency in focus.

The project is aiming to create dense neighborhoods while respecting the ancient character of the ancient city by mixing typologies from one, up to seven story buildings in a sensitive way.

Community supporting element, such as access balconies, common roof tops, and space to garden and cook together are part of a sustainable cycle aiming for health, the feeling of togetherness and well-being as outcome. Creating an urban fabric where yang is balanced out by yin.

B LU E

NT

GREEN

IC RE ALM

ST

EN

I LT T BU

NT

STREE TS

UE

NE T WORK

SE

BL

B L I C P A R KS

DM

AI N S T R EE

TS

PO

SE

D

BU

I LT

ST R

U CT U

PU

B LIC R E AL M

PR O

PO

ED

A

RE

B

PR

O

PR

PR O

OP

SE

S

PU

O

ED

PO

S

E X IS

PROPO

TE

EX

D

I

BL

TE

EX

EX

TE

IS

NT

IS

TE

PU

NT

EX

IS

SITE STRATEGY

MASTERPLAN - SCALE 1:15 000/A3

BIRDVIEW

SECTION A - SCALE 1:1600/A3

A

PRIVATELY OWNED RENTAL

RENTAL

2 UNITS 135 SQM

4 UNITS 36-90 SQM

5 UNITS 54-81 SQM

RENTAL

RENTAL

4 UNITS 24-60 SQM

5 UNITS 36-54 SQM

SOCIAL

SOCIAL

4 UNITS 24-60 SQM

5 UNITS 36-54 SQM

SOCIAL

RENTAL SENIOR

4 UNITS 24-60 SQM

6 UNITS 36 SQM

SOCIAL

RENTAL SENIOR

4 UNITS 24-60 SQM

5 UNITS 36-54 SQM

STUDENT

STUDENT

3 UNITS 22-45 SQM

3 UNITS 22-45 SQM

RENTAL 4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

STUDENT

STUDENT

3 UNITS 22-45 SQM

3 UNITS 22-45 SQM

RENTAL COLLECTIVE

RENTAL

2 UNITS 120 SQM

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM SENIOR

SENIOR

2 UNITS 45-67 SQM

2 UNITS 45-67 SQM

SENIOR

SENIOR

SENIOR

2 UNITS 45-67 SQM

2 UNITS 45-67 SQM

RENTAL COLLECTIVE

PRIVATELY OWNED 4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

2 UNITS 120 SQM

PRIVATELY OWNED

RENTAL 4 UNITS 48-72 SQM

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

RENTAL RENTAL PRIVATELY OWNED

OFFICE SPACE

4 UNITS 36-90 SQM

1 UNIT 72 SQM

LIVE AND

PRIVATELY

WORK UNIT

OWNED

2 UNITS 46 SQM

2 UNITS 96 SQM

COMMUNITY

COMMERCIAL

RENTAL

RENTAL

RENTAL

1 UNIT 80 SQM

1 UNIT 80 SQM

COMMERCIAL 3 UNITS 52-105 SQM

GRILL RECREATIONAL PATH

MAIN RIVER

4.0

10.0

NEIGHBORHOOD STREET

ROW HOUSE TYPE 3

PLAY AREA

COMMUNITY GARDEN

APARTMENT BUILDING TYPE 2

COURTYARD KITCHEN

SIDEWALK

PARKING

2.5

2.0

CAR LANES

BIKE LANE

SIDEWALK

2.5

2.5

APARTMENT BUILDING TYPE 1

CLIMBING PLANTS

BIOSWALE

COURTYARD KITCHEN

ACCESS BALCONY HOUSE TYPE 1

NEIGHBORHOOD STREET

ROW HOUSE TYPE 4

COURTYARD KITCHEN

BIKE PARKING

NEIGHBORHOOD STREET

ACCESS BALCONY HOUSE TYPE 2

TRAIL

RECREATIONAL PATH

10 M 10.0

6.0

1.5

7.0

7.0

1.5

SECONDARY RIVER

2.5

RECREATIONAL PATH

6.0

4.0

MAIN STREET

50 M

RENTAL

RENTAL 4 UNITS 54-72 SQM

4 UNITS 36-50 SQMVCV

RENTAL

RENTAL

RENTAL

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

4 UNITS 36-48 SQM

4 UNITS 24-36 SQM

RENTAL

SOCIAL

SOCIAL

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

4 UNITS 36-48 SQM

4 UNITS 24-36 SQM

PRIVATELY OWNED

RENTAL SENIOR

SOCIAL

RENTAL SENIOR

SOCIAL

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

PRIVATELY OWNED

RENTAL

4 UNITS 63-114 SQM

COMMERCIAL

PRIVATELY OWNED 1 UNIT 72 SQM

LIVING SPACE

COMMUNITY SPACE

KITCHEN

STUDENT

ACCESS BALCONY HOUSE TYPE 1

NEIGHBORHOOD STREET ACTIVITY STREET

LAWN

STUDENT

STUDENT

5 UNITS 22-45 SQM

5 UNITS 22-45 SQM

5 UNITS 22-45 SQM

SENIOR

4 UNITS 45-70 SQM

4 UNITS 45-70 SQM

LAWN

RECREATIONAL PATH

RENOVATED AND RE-PROPOSED EXISTENT BUILDING / CULTURAL CENTER

EXISTENT PEIR

SIDEWALK

EXISTENT BRIDGE

4.5

5.5

SENIOR

4 UNITS 45-70 SQM

4 UNITS 45-70 SQM

RENTAL PRIVATELY OWNED

4 UNITS 46 SQM

CAR LANE 2.5

6.0

6.0

PARKING 2.0

BIKE LANE

SIDEWALK

4 UNITS 54-90 SQM

APARTMENT BUILDING TYPE 1

2.5

MAIN STREET

4.5

1

ON

YH

O U SE T Y

P

LC

ON

Y H O U SE T

Y

SE

T YP

E1

US

ET

Y PE 2

OU

SE

T Y PE 3

US

ET

Y PE 4

SUDes 2019

USE T Y PE

H

HO

R OW

Y

OU

N

ROW H

O

IN G T Y P E 3 S B A LC

LD UI

CE S

IN G T Y P E 2

SENIOR

SENIOR

EXISTENT RIVER

AC

DI

3.0

3

E N T B UIL

LD UI

STUDENT

5 UNITS 22-45 SQM

SENIOR

WORK UNIT

RECREATIONAL PATH

6.0

PE

TM

E1

APARTMENT BUILDING TYPE 2 10 M

NEIGHBORHOOD STREET

1.5

2

AR

T YP

ACTIVITY STREET

STUDENT

LIVE AND

TRAIL

6.0

E

NG

ROW HOUSE TYPE 2

4 UNITS 36-50 SQM

BIO-SWALE

SECONDARY RIVER

LC

COMMERCIAL

ROW HOUSE TYPE 2

SECTION B - SCALE 1:800/A3

ES S BA

SENIOR

1 UNIT 36 SQM

COURTYARD KITCHEN

A R T ME N T AP B

2 UNITS 72 SQM

APARTMENT BUILDING TYPE 2

A R T ME N T AP B

RENTAL COMMERCIAL

2.5

AC C

RENOVATED AND RE-PORPOSED EXISTENT BUILDING / PUBLIC USE

1 UNIT 36 SQM

SIDEWALK

4 UNITS 135 SQM

RENTAL COMMERCIAL

COMMERCIAL SPACE

1 UNITS 48 SQM

2 UNITS 48 SQM

HO

B

2 UNITS 48 SQM

SOCIAL

A

3 UNITS 33-51 SQM

RENTAL SENIOR 3 UNITS 33-51 SQM

SOCIAL LIVE AND WORK

2 UNITS 48 SQM

SOCIAL

AC C E S S B

RENTAL SENIOR

4 UNITS 24-36 SQM

2 UNITS 48 SQM

SOCIAL

3 UNITS 33-51 SQM

4 UNITS 24-36 SQM

4 UNITS 36-48 SQM

RENTAL

3 UNITS 33-51 SQM

SOCIAL

ROW

RENTAL

2 UNITS 72 SQM

HO

3 UNITS 54-77 SQM

ROW

RENTAL

5 UNITS 30-36 SQM

AP

85

A New Comunitea Tania Sofia Hueck, Mexico

The built environment will grow and mature together with the tea production, all the way from

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

the tea plot to the teapot.

86

The vision for the project is to design a neighborhood that will develop, grow and evolve around tea production. The aim is to create a unique identity and a strong community sense, activating the site and promote outdoor public life.

The objective of the project is to keep the current calm and peaceful living environment, creating activities for the residents and tourists, improving the public spaces and exploiting the qualities that the riverside has to offer.

Nursing, pruning, picking and processing tea leaves take its time, and so it takes building a city. As the plants grows, so the urban development will do.

Tea will not be used only for drinking, medicinal qualities can be exploited, beauty products can be produced, fabrication of handmade teapots, organic products and agro-tourism can become excellent marketing to promote tourism.

Streets and public life are strongly intertwined in the Chinese culture,

so for this cause, the streets play an important role in the project. In order to activate and promote active outdoor activities, shops and teahouses will be found in the site along the main streets.

Finally, the goal of this proposal is to create a new urban development that honors the ancient tradition of tea making and drinking, creating stronger cultural roots and sense of pride of belonging. At the same time, it aims to exploit the advantages that tea has to offer, generating commercial and economic opportunities, building community for the residents and attractiveness for the tourists.

Museum

Tourism

Selling

Drinking

Research

Processing

Planting

Nursing

THE TEA PROCESS

SUDes 2019

SECTION OF THE SITE

87

88

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

89

SUDes 2019

Dujiangyan - Do it again Vera Wetzels, The Netherlands

BUILDINGS WITH SETBACKS OPEN UP THE SMALL SCALE STREETSCAPES

“A neighborhood with the same public space qualities as traditional Chinese cities, that simultaneously responds to the

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

needs of 21st century China.”

90

As a result of rapid urbanization, many qualities of traditional Chinese cities have been lost in contemporary Chinese urban development projects. Some examples of these qualities are: • Integrating the surrounding landscape into the city • Accommodating for (spontaneous) staying and meeting • Attention to detail and human scale • Coherent, recognisable city layout providing for easy wayfinding • Great microclimate • Respect for privacy Apart from the loss of these qualities, another threat to Dujiangyan is the changing climate. On this location in particular, rainfall will most likely become more infrequent and more intense. Floods caused by stormwater will have a big impact on the city if no action will be taken with these threats in mind.

The design proposal for Dujiangyan creates an important connection from the train station to the existing commercial district and old centre. At the corner of this connection is an opening in the streetscape where it connects to the main park. From this park the views to the mountains and temple are kept, by having an open landscape around the wetland and placing buildings of increasing heights directed towards the mountain and temple.

The neighborhood is made up of an orthogonal street grid that consists of four main street types (see next page) surrounding the buildings and their calm inner courtyards. The streets provide for space for spontaneous staying and for starting small businesses in the many building cutouts. The swale paths form the sustainable drainage system of the new neighborhood in Dujiangyan.

ORTHOGONAL GRID OF SMALL BUT DENSE BLOCKS FOLLOWING THE RIVER’S SHAPE

4

6

4

Main access road/cycling

Local shopping

1

3,5

2,5

1

Mini front Shared Parking porch street spaces/ greenery

MAIN ROADS, SHARED STREETS, SWALE PATHS AND HUTONGS

VIEW FROM THE PARK TO THE MOUNTAINS AND TEMPLE

3,5

4

2

Swale Strolling/ resting/ enjoying

6

4

Daily life

Space for market stalls

Local businesses

SUDes 2019

2,6

Meeting Strolling friends

91

DUJIANGYAN_ AGRO-URBAN MODEL OF THE EAST Wrishitesh Sarkar, India

“Using the age-old traditional agricultural methods and integrating them with the urban environment thus trying to bring about a sustainable

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Dujiangyan”

92

The background study on the current situation regionally as well as on the city scale revealed the need for a sustainable Dujiangyan. The vision of the area can be laid down as follows: - To create a live-able place for all agegroups where people can finally stay here and work closeby.

- To align the needs of the city economically and strategically so that

the whole system is sustainable in the long run.

- To bring back the calm and serene livelihood of the residents and focusing more on how to potentialize the farming aspects and rural qualities and integrate them within the design to bring about a balanced Dujiangyan.

93

SUDes 2019

balancing LIFE

Yudum Gizem Öztürk, Republic of Turkey

AERIAL VIEW

green&blue

urban&rural

Life is the sum of the distinguishing phenomena of organisms, especially metabolism, growth, reproduction, and adaptation to the environment.

According to this definition, Dujiangyan is one of the good life Sustainable Urban Dynamics

examples as a city. It is grow-

94

ing, it is producing and always adapting itself!

public&private

dense&open

Like today’s cities, Dujiangyan couldn’t avoid the rapid urbanization, especially after the 2008 earthquake city started to sprawl to the fields. As an agricultural city like Dujiangyan, this can become dangerous and the only way to avoid this sprawling is densifying the voids in the city center. However, it is also important to creating a healthy density. Therefore between the dense building structure, different types of greenery are placed for encouraging various activities.

Understanding the ancient Chinese courtyard system helps to create a pilot neighborhood support the idea of different size of greenery. usage. As a cultural characteristic, Chinese people are creative, when it comes to using undefined, in-between spaces. Another cultural characteristic is they are caring about their privacy. Therefore the courtyards are private and use by only the tenants.

These analyses lead to the masterplan and dividing neighborhoods according to design drivers. A better

contemporary&historical

commercial&residential

connection with the train station proposed to support touristic activities.

Tourists can directly take a bus to the old city or walk and take information about the city from the info center located in front of the organic market place which they can buy fresh vegetables or eat fresh produce traditional Chinese street food.

They can also stop by the Agricultural Research Center and Botanical Garden for learning the city’s agricultural past and today’s production. On the other side of the river, they can have a rest or join the TaiChi community in the riverside park. For observing one of the aquaponic towers and tasting local teas, they can visit The Island Park and mingle with locals. And in the evening, after a shopping spree, History Museum waits for its visitors to teach them more about the Dujiangyan’s history. End of the day, the concert hall is ready to embrace both tourists and locals with relaxing Chinese music.

COURTYARD

POCKET PARK

NEIGHBOURHOOD PARK

RIVERSIDE PARK

ISLAND PARK MASTERPLAN

COMMERCIAL AREA DIAGRAM

MARKETPLACE DIAGRAM

SUDes 2019

SECTION

95

Back To Field Zhou Yue, China

AERIAL PERSPECTIVE: DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPOLOGIES FOR URBAN FARMING

“Modern urban farming in an

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

ancient irrigation town!”

96

As a city with a long agriculture history and a great irrigation system, Dujiangyan has a great potential of urban farming. It is well-known that urban farming can bring people a lot of benefits as well as a good way to achieve diverse sustainability. However, according to the research, two more unique reasons for Dujiangyan were found.

Firstly, Dujiangyan has a large group of aging people, who have some memory about agriculture, meanwhile, because of the earthquake in 2008, many old people lost their old neighbors after living in a new placement housing by lottery. Therefore, urban farming is a way to help them to kill the time after retirement and build a new relationship in the community.

Secondly, due to the fast urbanization in China, thousands of farmers become city citizens and move to city, so they need to find jobs to earn a living for their

family. But a research shows that it is hard for them to find a good job in city and some of the people just stay at home without any jobs. So, for these group of people, urban farming can be a tool to help them improve their life qualities and support their families.

Back to field is a famous Chinese reality show, which expresses Chinese people’s wishes of living in the countryside with friends and families. In my vision, what I want to do more is how to help the elderly people to rebuild their social life and strengthen the relationship between society, young people and themselves. What’s more, using urban farming as a tool to help the farmers who lost their land to go bake to field and back to their original job, but as a “city farmer” rather than a traditional farmer.

MASTERPLAN

PERSPECTIVE: COMMUNITY WITH FARMING LAND AND FISH FONDS

SUDes 2019

SECTION: ELDERLY FRIENDLY COMMUNITY

97

Afterword

Challenging Tomorrow From our initial discussions on the effects of globalization to our discussions on the social and economic implications of Dujiangyan’s current urban development policies, we have had a wealth of inspiring conversations through seminars, tutorials, and lectures that have been translated into this collection of student work. From drawings showing alternative infill and revitalization strategies for Dujiangyan’s traditional hutong residential area to explorations of sustainable visions for the future growth of the city of Dujiangyan, we feel there is so much potential in the conversations held within these pages. We hope they have inspired you all as much as they have us.

To all our students we would like to thank you for these 16 weeks. We have seen you all progress throughout these weeks, and we believe that as you grow in experience and knowledge, you all have the potential to make our world a better and more sustainable place.

We hope this studio has been an incubator of ideas and has given everyone involved the belief that if we all continue to push ourselves through research, reflection, and drawing the answers to the challenges of today will come.

Peter Siöström Associate Professor Director of SUDes Master’s Program Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Andreas Olsson Course Leader Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

98

Fiona de Heer Teaching Assistant Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

99

SUDes 2019

100

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

101

SUDes 2019

Sustainable Urban Dynamics 2019

Ax:son Johnson Institute for Sustainable Urban Design Lund University

Sustainable Urban Design Master’s Program School of Architecture Lunds Tekniska Högskola P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se

Lund University P.O. Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46 222 00 00 www.lunduniversity.lu.se

Partner Universities:

Southwest Jiaotong University School of Architecture and Design Chengdu, China

Beijing Jiaotong University School of Architecture Beijing, China

Sustainable Urban Dynamics

Kunming University of Science and Technology School of Architecture and City Planning Kunming, China

102

Nanjing Tech University School of Architecture Nanjing, China

Lund, Sweden March, 2021