I see this project as an exciting opportunity to redefine how rural homes are designed and built— let’s push boundaries, explore innovative ideas, and create something truly extraordinary together..
doron dreksler
I see this project as an exciting challenge—a chance to redefine the way we've traditionally approached rural housing. For too long, rural homes have been heavily influenced by developerdriven, subdivision-inspired layouts, materials, and methods. This approach has often resulted in homes that function well when mass-produced and built in close proximity, but may not fully serve the unique potential of rural living.
I believe we've been designing homes this way for so long that we’ve stopped asking the fundamental question: Why?
Today’s rural housing faces a completely different set of challenges and opportunities. It requires a fresh architectural response. Advances in technology, a deeper understanding of environmental impacts, and an evolving awareness of human health and well-being are pushing us toward a new kind of architecture—one that integrates these factors and creates healthier, more sustainable living environments.
This project presents the perfect opportunity to step away from the conventional and embrace design solutions that respond to the unique qualities of rural life. By focusing on maximizing natural light, optimizing airflow, and utilizing materials that support both the environment and human health, we can create homes that not only provide shelter but promote long-term well-being.
Our goal is to design homes that are not just functional but transformative—offering a better quality of life and a deep connection to the land they inhabit
initial site strategy
all the plumbing to one a
a deck…. consolida
a
public spaces are surrounded + private spaces requires a raised floor ineficient plumbing arrangement all exterior spaces must be decks…. so we ha
the existing driveway is a prefect place to build. it already is ready to go….. selective tree remova will make much more interesting views and provide a fire break…. with the guest bedrooms on the northwest side, alot more heat gain will be in those areas at the end of the day…… when you are going to bed…… move to the east side of the building
ineficient plumbing arrangement all exterior spaces must be decks….
new site strategy
summersunrise summersunset
bu ildin g site
flat site
slab foundation spend more money on the features of the building rather than creating a floor on a sloped site
win te r s un
wintersunset
PRIMARYVIEW
su mmer s un
wintersunrise
this puts the bedrooms on the south east, the living space at the center and the garage in the least impactful location….
TESTING LAYOUT
ROOFING : INSULATION : GUTTER : OVERHANG
8FT : 9FT : 10FT
4 ft grid layout
2x6 exterior walls
2x4 interior walls
minimal long spans
multiple ceiling heights
open and closed ceiling framing
consolidate plumbing fixtures
HEALTHIER HOMES
Type Innovative Options Initial Cost Maintenance + Life Cost Performance
Recyclability Environmental Issues Other Attributes Air Filtration HEPA Filtration, UV Air Purifiers, ERV Systems
HVAC Systems Geothermal Heating, MiniSplit Systems
Insulation Aerogel, Sheep Wool, Recycled Denim
to High Low to Medium High Efficiency Removes Particulates & VOCs Recyclable Filters Available Improves Indoor Air Quality Noise Level, Energy Consumptio
ciency Improved Ventilation Limited Component s Recyclable Reduces Carbon Footprint Energy Savings, Zone Control
to High Low Superior Thermal Low VOCs Recyclable & Biodegrada ble Some Insulations Have Low Embodied Carbon Moisture Regulation, Fire Resistance
Low High Thermal & Acoustic Reduced Pollutants Recyclable Glass Reduces Heat Loss & Solar Gain Smart Technology Integration, UV Blocking
Low Fire Resistant Low VOCs Recyclable & Biodegrada ble Low Environment al Impact Moisture Resistant, High Thermal Mass Paint Low-VOC Paint, Natural MineralBased Paint
to Medium Low Durable Finish No VOC Emissions Limited Recyclability Reduces Indoor Air Pollutants Color Retention, Application Ease
Lighting LED, Circadian Rhythm Lighting Low to Medium Very Low Energy Efficient Emits No Harmful Chemicals Recyclable Parts Available Lower Energy Use Supports Human Health, Color Accuracy
Plumbing PEX Tubing, Low-Flow Fixtures, Water Recycling Systems
Renewable Energy Solar PV, Solar Thermal, Wind Turbines
Low to Medium High Performance Prevents Stagnation Issues Recyclable Pipes Reduces Water Waste Leak Resistant, CostEffective Installation
Recycled Rubber Shingles, Metal Roofing
Lime Plaster, Gypsum Plaster
Structural Systems CrossLaminated Timber (CLT), Steel Framing
₂ Emissions Structural Integrity, Low Maintenanc e
Shading External Louvers, Operable Shading Systems
Adjustable
interior walls
INTERIOR WALL FINISH OPTIONS
Notes:
1. Innovative Materials:
• Magnesium Oxide Board and Fiberglass Reinforced Panels (FRP) are notable for their fire resistance and durability.
• Clay Plaster and Rammed Earth are ideal for projects focusing on sustainability and indoor air quality.
2. Air Quality:
• Look for materials with low VOCs or naturally air-purifying properties (e.g., Clay Plaster, Lime Plaster, and MgO Board).
• Plywood and OSB may have higher VOC levels unless specifically labeled as formaldehyde-free or treated.
3. Initial Cost and Installation:
• Drywall and OSB offer the lowest material and installation costs.
• For slightly more budget, Cement Board and Type X Drywall add fire resistance, which is a valuable feature for safety.\
4. Fire Resistance:
• Magnesium Oxide Board, Concrete Block, Cement Board, and Type X Drywall provide the highest fire resistance.
• These options are also beneficial for applications in kitchens, utility rooms, or where fire code requirements are strict.
5. Maintenance and Life Cost:
• Concrete Block and Cement Board require almost no maintenance.
• Clay Plaster and Bamboo Paneling are also low-maintenance but may require touch-ups to retain their visual quality.
6. Other Considerations:
• Rammed Earth and Clay Plaster help with thermal regulation and can reduce HVAC loads.
• FRP Panels are ideal for moisture-heavy environments like bathrooms due to their easy-to-clean surfaces and mold resistance.
Based on these factors, Drywall (Type X) and Cement Board offer a balance of affordability, fire safety, and durability for a low-cost house project, while Magnesium Oxide Board and Clay Plaster can be used to enhance sustainability and air quality at a moderate increase in cost.
plywood
PLYWOOD OPTIONS
Key Considerations
• Initial Cost: Prices vary based on the quality and type of plywood. Marine plywood and engineered solutions tend to have higher costs due to their durability and specialized treatments.
• Maintenance: Regular maintenance ensures longevity. Interior finishes typically require less maintenance compared to exterior options, which may need periodic refinishing or treatment.
• Performance: Consider the intended use—interior finishes focus on aesthetics, while exterior and structural options prioritize strength and weather resistance.
• Air Quality: Opt for low VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) options to ensure a healthier indoor environment, especially for interiors.
• Other Attributes: The weight, workability, and finishing options can significantly impact your design process and overall project execution.
loadbearing capacity No impact on air quality - Long span capabilities - High strength
- Reinforced Concrete - Pre-stressed Beams Low (very durable) Low Excellent fire resistance No impact on air quality - High durability
- Cost-effective for large spans
- Glulam Beams Moderate (depends on finish)
Moderate Good structural properties Low VOC available - Eco-friendly options
- Customizable shapes
• Air Quality: Considerations for the impact of materials on indoor air quality, particularly regarding VOC emissions.
• Other Attributes: Additional benefits or considerations that might influence your decision, such as sustainability or aesthetic factors.
This table can guide your decision-making process when selecting beam options for your low-cost housing project.
Feel free to adjust the details based on specific project requirements or local availability.
INTERIOR FLOOR FINISH OPTIONS
interior floors
Notes:
Laminate and Vinyl Plank are among the most budget-friendly options. They are relatively easy to install and maintain, making them suitable for low-cost projects.
Concrete is very cost-effective with low maintenance and high durability, and it is also fireresistant, making it a great choice for a modern, industrial look.
Ceramic Tile is a good choice for areas prone to moisture. It has high fire resistance and is very durable.
Linoleum is a good alternative to vinyl for those wanting a natural material with low VOCs and good fire resistance.
Rubber Flooring can be useful in areas requiring noise reduction, with good fire safety characteristics and easy maintenance.
Plywood Subfloor finished as flooring is a cost-effective, utilitarian option that offers flexibility in appearance and low initial cost.
For the low-cost house project, vinyl plank, concrete, or laminate would be ideal, considering initial costs, installation costs, and ease of maintenance.
water heating
Notes:
• Efficiency is generally measured by Energy Factor (EF) or Uniform Energy Factor (UEF). Higher percentages indicate better energy efficiency.
• Heat Pump Water Heaters and Solar Water Heaters are usually the most efficient and economical in the long run due to low energy use, though they come with higher upfront costs.
• Electric Tankless units provide good energy efficiency but may require a significant electrical upgrade, depending on the existing infrastructure, which can increase costs.
• Gas Tankless and Condensing Gas Heaters are efficient but have high installation costs due to venting requirements.
• Innovative Options such as WiFi-Enabled controls can improve user convenience and optimize energy usage through remote access and scheduling features.
• For low-cost projects, consider:
• Electric Tank Heaters for the lowest initial cost and simplest installation.
• Heat Pump Water Heaters if incentives or rebates are available, as their long-term cost savings are significant.
• Solar Water Heaters are ideal for projects in sunny locations where reducing long-term costs is the primary goal.
• Geothermal Water Heaters offer significant energy efficiency but are only practical if geothermal systems are already part of the house’s HVAC design.
Recommendation for Low-Cost House Project:
• Electric Tank Heater is the best choice for keeping both initial and installation costs low.
• If efficiency and long-term costs are more critical, a Heat Pump Water Heater would be a better investment if upfront costs can be stretched, particularly with available rebates or incentives.
heating + cooling
HEATING and COOLING OPTIONS
Key Considerations:
• Initial & Installation Costs: Initial costs vary significantly, with geothermal and solar being the highest but having the lowest long-term energy expenses. Electric baseboard heaters and window AC units offer the lowest entry cost but are less efficient in the long run.
• Maintenance & Life Cost: Systems like geothermal heat pumps, radiant heating, and solar thermal have low maintenance costs but can be expensive to install. Electric baseboard heaters and window AC units tend to have cheaper maintenance but lead to higher energy bills.
• Energy Efficiency: Heat pumps (both electric and geothermal) and ductless mini-split systems offer the highest efficiency, which translates into lower energy bills over time. Systems like electric baseboard heaters and wood pellet stoves are less efficient comparatively.
Recommended Options for Low-Cost House:
1. Electric Heat Pump: Offers a balance of moderate initial and installation costs, very high efficiency, and low maintenance costs.
2. Ductless Mini-Split System: Provides high energy efficiency, easy installation, and low maintenance; suitable for both cooling and heating.
3. Evaporative Cooler (for Dry Climates): Low initial and operating costs, suitable for regions with dry air.
4. Window AC Units & Space Heaters (for Minimal Use): The cheapest option in terms of upfront costs, although it has higher operational costs.
exposed structure simplified material pallet minimal punches of color less layers means less expense: structural materials become the finish of the building
interior concept
high fire resistance
low maintenance
high performance windows + doors durable
common materials
cost conscience
solar water capture
energy eficient
COST EFFECTIVE SIDING OPTIONS
Summary for Low-Cost House Project
• Vinyl Siding is the most cost-effective option in terms of initial and maintenance costs, but it has low fire resistance and lower durability.
• Engineered Wood provides a more natural look at a reasonable price, though maintenance is higher compared to vinyl.
• Metal Siding (Steel or Aluminum) is more fire-resistant and requires minimal maintenance, making it a good choice if the budget allows for slightly higher upfront costs.
• Fiber Cement offers the best balance between fire resistance, durability, and moderate cost if budget permits.
• For a low-cost house, vinyl siding is often the most economical in the short term, while fiber cement provides a good balance of performance attributes if durability and fire resistance are key concerns.
WINDOW
window types
Key Considerations for Low-Cost House Project:
1. Material Type: Vinyl and UPVC are the most cost-effective materials with relatively low installation costs, suitable for budget-friendly projects.
2. Finish Type: Vinyl and UPVC come with various finishes that require little to no maintenance, whereas wood requires more upkeep.
3. Innovative Features: Fiberglass, Aluminum, and Composite windows offer innovative thermal break technology for energy efficiency. Smart Glass offers advanced features but comes at a high cost.
4. VOC Levels: Vinyl, UPVC, and Fiberglass are usually manufactured with very low or no VOCs, making them better options for indoor air quality.
5. Initial Cost and Installation Cost: Vinyl and UPVC have the lowest initial and installation costs. Steel and Smart Glass are at the higher end of the cost spectrum.
6. Fire Resistance: Steel offers the highest fire resistance, making it ideal for areas prone to wildfires, though it comes at a higher price.
7. Maintenance Cost and Life-Cycle Cost Vinyl and UPVC are the cheapest to maintain and have low life-cycle costs, while wood has the highest due to maintenance like staining or painting.
8. Energy Efficiency: Fiberglass, Composite, and Smart Glass offer the highest energy efficiency. Vinyl and UPVC are also efficient but less expensive.
9. Noise Insulation: Fiberglass, Composite, and Smart Glass provide the best noise insulation. Vinyl and UPVC offer moderate insulation, sufficient for most residential purposes.
Recommendations for Low-Cost House Project:
• Best Budget Option: Vinyl or UPVC windows are the most cost-effective, with good durability, low maintenance, and moderate energy efficiency.
• Fire Resistance Needs: Steel is a strong option, but for a low-cost alternative, consider aluminum with a thermal break.
• Maintenance and Longevity Fiberglass offers a balance between durability, low maintenance, and energy efficiency, but at a higher initial cost than vinyl.
• Energy Efficiency: Composite windows are a good middle-ground for energy efficiency without reaching the high cost of smart glass.
Wood Solid Wood Stained, Painted, or Clad Double/ triple glazing for insulation
Composite Wood & PVC Painted Combines benefits of wood and vinyl
Acrylic Windows Acrylic Sheets Clear, Frosted Lightweig ht, Impactresistant
Summary
of Considerations for Low-Cost House Project
• Best Low Cost: Rolled Roofing is the most affordable option but has a short lifespan and is best suited for low-slope roofs.
• Best Cost-to-Lifespan Balance: Asphalt Shingles are economical, easy to install, and offer decent longevity for their cost.
• Low Maintenance & Durability: Metal Roofing (Steel) offers low maintenance, energy efficiency, and a long lifespan, making it a good long-term investment despite the higher initial cost.
• High Fire Resistance: Metal Roofing, Slate Tiles, and Concrete/Clay Tiles have the highest fire resistance ratings, with Slate offering the longest lifespan.
• Overall Recommendation: For a budget-friendly but durable solution with low maintenance, Asphalt Shingles or Metal Roofing (if the budget allows) would be good choices.
Roofing
TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin)
Energy-Star-rated, Cool Roof Rating Council approval, contributes to LEED credits $5-$7
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
(periodic inspections, resealing)
FLAT ROOFING OPTIONS
Recyclable, heatwelded rib for standing seam appearance
$7-$9 $4-$7 Low (periodic inspections, resealing)
EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) Synthetic rubber membrane, available in recycled versions
chemical resistance, fire-resistant, good flexibility during installation, recyclable, long warranties up to 30 years
cost, easy installation, flexible, good resistance to temperature extremes
Built-Up Roofing (BUR) Gravel or mineralcoated surfaces
$5-$7 $5-$7 High (regular maintenance, resurfacing)
layers provide redundancy, suitable for high foot
ffic, good insulation properties
INSULATION OPTIONS
Key Considerations for Selection:
• Initial Cost vs. Life Cycle Cost: Materials like fiberglass and cellulose have low initial costs, while others like spray foam and aerogel have high initial costs but can offer lower life cycle costs due to improved energy efficiency.
• Performance: Closed-cell spray foam and aerogel provide the highest thermal resistance (R-Value) but come at a higher price. For affordability, fiberglass and cellulose provide a reasonable balance of cost and performance.
• Air Quality: Natural materials like sheep wool, cork, and recycled denim improve indoor air quality by avoiding toxic substances. Closed-cell spray foams with low-VOC are a good compromise if air sealing is crucial.
• Sustainability: Materials like cellulose, sheep wool, straw bale, and recycled denim are environmentally friendly options that also provide good thermal insulation.
Choosing the right insulation will depend on the specific budget, local climate conditions, and desired balance between upfront cost and long-term energy savings for your project.
roof + insulation system
TPO or PVC with a taper system engineered by versico/Carlisle they will put the taper system together on a set of job plans the polyiso you want is called secure shield HD Polyiso it’s a 1/2” high density polyiso
When you add a taper system it raises the R factor
taper insulation drainage system
adhesive applied
double layered system achieving R-30 minimum
wall + insulation system
structural insulated panels SIPS
expanded polystyrene (EPS)
insulated concrete forms (ICF)
character
simple geometry
dynamic shade + shadow
minimal material pallet
2 story idea
Bene fi ts of a Two-Story House Design
1. Health Benefits
◦ Increased Physical Activity: Stairs promote cardiovascular health and strengthen muscles, joints, and bones. According to studies, using stairs can improve cardiovascular fitness and lower mortality risk by 33% to 50% compared to those who rarely use stairs .
◦ Mental Health: Engaging in light physical activity, like climbing stairs, can reduce stress and improve mood through the release of endorphins.
2. Minimal Land Use
◦ Smaller Footprint: A two-story design allows for a greater amount of living space on a smaller lot, optimizing land usage, especially in urban areas where land is expensive or scarce.
◦ More Yard Space: Since less land is occupied by the building footprint, more space is available for landscaping, gardening, or other outdoor activities, providing a connection to nature.
3. Eficiency
◦ Energy Eficiency: A two-story home has less roof and foundation area relative to the living space, reducing heat loss in the winter and heat gain in the summer, leading to improved energy eficiency.
◦ Ventilation: The vertical nature of a two-story house allows for enhanced cross-ventilation, promoting natural air flow and maintaining indoor air quality.
4. Less Roof and Foundation Area
◦ Cost Savings: Since there is less roof and foundation area compared to a single-story home of the same size, the material and labor costs for these structural elements are reduced, leading to overall savings.
◦ Reduced Maintenance: With less roof area, there is a smaller surface to maintain and repair, lowering longterm maintenance costs.
5. Privacy and Zoning
◦ Separation of Living Spaces: Two-story homes allow for a clear separation between private and public spaces. Bedrooms are often on the upper level, offering privacy and separation from common living areas and noise.
◦ View Opportunities: Building vertically can provide better views, especially in scenic locations, and can also offer increased privacy from neighboring properties.
Drawbacks of a Two-Story House Design
1. Accessibility Concerns
◦ Aging in Place: Stairs can become a barrier for elderly individuals or those with mobility challenges. This limitation can affect long-term usability of the home for aging occupants.
◦ Solution: Consider including a residential elevator, stair lift, or designing with an option for a future retrofit. Alternatively, consider locating a primary bedroom and bathroom on the ground floor.
2. Safety Issues
◦ Fall Risk: Stairs can present a falling hazard, particularly for young children, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities.
◦ Solution: Install handrails on both sides of the staircase, use non-slip materials, and incorporate child safety gates. Adequate lighting on and around stairs can also reduce fall risks.
3. Increased Construction Complexity
◦ Structural Requirements: Building a two-story home requires stronger structural elements (e.g., load-bearing walls and beams) and a more complex construction process.
◦ Solution: Work with an experienced architect and structural engineer to ensure proper planning, minimizing unexpected costs and delays during construction.
4. HVAC Zoning Challenges
◦ Temperature Differences: Upper floors can be harder to cool in the summer, while lower floors can be cooler in the winter.
◦ Solution: Implement a zoned HVAC system to control temperatures independently between floors, ensuring comfortable living spaces and increased energy eficiency.
5. Evacuation Challenges in Emergencies
◦ Fire or Natural Disaster: Evacuating from the second floor during emergencies can be challenging.
◦ Solution: Install easy-to-use emergency escape ladders in upstairs bedrooms and ensure adequate safety measures, such as smoke detectors, fire sprinklers, and well-designed emergency exits.
PVC
- $9
COST EFFECTIVE DECKING OPTIONS
Summary of Considerations for Low-Cost House Project
• Initial Cost: Pressure-treated wood is the most affordable option initially, while aluminum, Ipe, and premium composite materials have higher initial costs.
Aluminum
- $12
- $10
- $22
(treated)
(natural)
$10 - $15
$5 - $9 $15 - $24 High (Class A) Very Low Low 30+ years
$12 - $15 $10 - $12 $22 - $27 Highest (Noncombustible ) Very Low Low 30 - 50 years
low maintenance, long lifespan, variety of colors
artificial appearance for some
Low maintenance, high durability, mold-resistant Higher initial cost, plasticlike appearance
Fireproof, highly durable, very low maintenance Very expensive, can be slippery Ipe (Hardwood)
$10 - $15 $8 - $12 $18 - $27
(natural) Moderate
• Installation Cost: Installation costs can vary depending on the complexity of installation and labor requirements, with pressure-treated wood being one of the least expensive.
• Fire Resistance: Aluminum, PVC, and many composites provide the highest fire resistance, often meeting Class A ratings.
• Maintenance: PVC, aluminum, and composite decks are generally low maintenance, which makes them good options for reducing long-term costs.
• Life Cost Estimate: Composite and aluminum have lower life cost estimates, primarily due to minimal maintenance requirements. Wood options like cedar and redwood require regular maintenance, increasing long-term costs.
• Durability/Lifespan: Aluminum, PVC, and high-quality composites offer the longest lifespan, making them ideal for long-term use.
lower floor would have open beams
upper floor would have sloped beam ceiling
lower floor would have concrete floors
upper floor would have 2x6 T+G flooring
Why We Recommend a Two-Story Solution
While single-story homes are often preferred for their simplicity, I believe a two-story design offers significant advantages, especially in terms of eficiency, health benefits, and overall lifestyle enhancement. Here’s why:
First and foremost, eficiency is a major advantage. With a two-story home, we reduce the footprint of the house, which means less roofing and less foundation. This translates into cost savings—not just during construction but over the lifetime of the home. Less roof area means lower maintenance costs, fewer repairs, and less exposure to weather-related wear. Similarly, with a smaller foundation, we’re making the most of the land without unnecessary expansion, which also frees up more space for landscaping or outdoor living.
From a health perspective, a two-story design encourages movement. The use of stairs can provide an easy, daily opportunity for physical activity, promoting cardiovascular health and maintaining mobility as we age. Simple actions like climbing stairs help strengthen muscles and joints and can be incorporated naturally into everyday life.
Another significant benefit is natural light and air circulation. A taller structure allows for higher windows and clerestory windows, which can bring in more daylight and improve ventilation. This creates a bright, airy environment that supports a sense of well-being. It also helps maintain indoor air quality by allowing for better cross-ventilation, naturally cooling the home during warmer months and keeping it fresh year-round.
In terms of views, a two-story home can take full advantage of the surrounding landscape, whether it’s mountains, forests, or open fields. Elevated living spaces can capture vistas that a single-story home simply cannot, and in rural settings, this connection to the outdoors enhances both privacy and the sense of living within nature.
Lastly, a two-story home offers more flexibility in terms of zoning your living spaces. Bedrooms and private areas can be located on the upper floor, offering greater separation from the communal spaces below. This creates a quieter, more private retreat, while keeping the shared spaces dynamic and connected to the outdoor environment.
I understand the appeal of a single-story home, but by considering a two-story design, you gain benefits that support a more eficient, healthy, and enjoyable living experience. Ultimately, the design will work with the landscape and your lifestyle, ensuring that the home not only functions well but also enhances your daily life.
