Shares magazine 11 April 2024

WHY THE MARKET HAS SOURED ON APPLE

CAN THE TECH GIANT TURN THINGS ROUND?

Mid Wynd International Investment Trust plc

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Is the US in an ‘earnings bubble’ instead of a valuation bubble?

Early bird ISA investors swoop on £19,000 gain

Disney 1: Nelson Peltz 0. Are activist investors losing their magic touch?

Why am I getting less income from my pension pot despite setting a fixed monthly amount?

Shares, funds, ETFs and investment trusts in this issue

Three important things in this week’s magazine

Why Apple is no longer the market’s favourite tech stock

Shares looks at the challenges facing the firm’s various businesses and whether it can regain its appeal with investors

Our 2024 Tips are off to a strong start

Performance would have been better still if our US stocks had played ball but we’re sticking with all 10 picks

The cruise industry is riding the crest of a wave

More and more people are opting to cruise rather than fly abroad on holiday, leading to the first new orders for ships since the pandemic

Did you know that we publish daily news stories on our website as bonus content? These articles do not appear in the magazine so make sure you keep abreast of market activities by visiting our website on a regular basis.

Over the past week we’ve written a variety of news stories online that do not appear in this magazine, including:

Nvidia, Shell and Rolls Royce among the most bought stocks before the tax year end

US mood music changes, Tesla deliveries ‘disaster’ | Wall Street Week

profit guidance

Shares in Ladbrokes owner Entain jump as private equity talk swirls

Investors celebrate as Cake Box sweetens full year

What is Microsoftbacked Rubrik, the latest firm to IPO in the US?

Reddit and Astera help push new US float funding to $9.6 billion in first quarter

Microsoft (MSFT:NASDAQ)backed cybersecurity firm Rubrik (RBRK:NYSE) plans to raise up to $750 million as it becomes the latest company to unveil plans for an IPO (initial public offering) in the US.

The roster of companies planning to go public is starting to fill out after two years of relative drought following recent successes by social media platform Reddit (RDDT:NYSE) and semiconductor connectivity company Astera Labs (ALAB:NASDAQ), which met or exceeded their IPO

fundraising goals and then rose on their trading debuts.

Reddit and Astera helped push the total funding raised via IPOs on US exchanges to $9.6 billion during the first quarter of 2024, according to data compiled by Bloomberg

Digital marketing software firm Ibotta and UKbased commodities dealer Marex are among other companies which have filed for IPOs, while firms believed to be mulling IPOs this year include payment businesses such as Stripe, Klarna and Checkout.com and UK digital bank Starling.

Rubrik, a cloud computing and data security start-up, was founded in 2013 and released its first product in 2016. It now claims more than 6,100 customers, including governments and universities. Leading corporate clients include banks Barclays (BARC), Goldman Sachs (GS:NYSE) and Citigroup (C:NYSE), consumer products providers like Home Depot (HD:NYSE) and PepsiCo (PEP:NASDAQ), biotech firm Illumina (ILMN:NASDAQ), fintech Fiserv (FI:NYSE) plus the Denver Broncos American Football organisation.

In a letter to investors included in the prospectus, Rubrik chief executive and chairman Bipul Sinha said no government or business was immune to cyberattacks. ‘While our company has grown in organisational size and experience, our mindset, sense of urgency, and risk posture remain as if we were still in the same tiny room as on day one’, Sinha said.

Microsoft made an equity investment in Rubrik in 2021 in a financing round which valued the startup at $4 billion, according to Bloomberg, and to date the company is estimated to have raised around $1.8 billion from early investors based on data from Pitchbook.

The company’s subscription annual recurring revenue grew 47% in the year to 31 January 2024 according to the filing documents, but the figures also show a substantial increase in losses as the company invests to grow. The Palo Alto-based business reported net losses of $354 million on revenue of $628 million for the fiscal year versus $278 million on revenue of about $600 million a year earlier, according to the filing.

Other significant backers of Rubrik include venture capital firms Bain Capital, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Greylock Partners and Khosla Ventures. [SF]

Could rising oil prices derail interest rate cuts?

Fed chair Powell has dismissed recent high inflation readings as bumps in the road

With geopolitical tensions rising, the price of Brent Crude could top $100 a barrel for the first time since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 suggests former White House advisor Bob McNally in an interview with Bloomberg.

Brent Crude has rallied more than a quarter since December 2023 and almost touched $92 per barrel last Friday (5 April) raising fears of a commodity-led rebound in inflation.

The timing of this spike in prices could not be much worse for the US Fed following a much stronger than expected March jobs report (5 April) which saw the economy add 303,000 new jobs and unemployment fall back to 3.8%.

US 10-year bonds touched a new high for the year following the payroll data while marketderived odds of a July rate cut fell back towards 50%.

The strength in oil prices is more than just geopolitics. The underlying cause of oil’s renaissance has been a combination of supply-side shocks and Mexico’s recent move to cut crude exports to the US by a third.

That matters these days because the US has become the world’s largest oil producer. More barrels consumed domestically means fewer barrels available for the world market.

In total the US, Mexico, Qatar and Iraq have cut production by around one million barrels per day

Brent Crude Oil

Chart: Shares magazine

• Source: LSEG

over the last month according to data tracked by Bloomberg.

On top of that, the UAE (United Arab Emirates) has seen the state oil company divert more supplies to its own refinery curbing shipments by as much as 41% compared with the average of 2023 say traders.

With Europe still engaged in rerouting tankers around Africa due to rebel attacks, which is delaying deliveries, the pinch in global oil supplies is having a real impact on prices at the margin.

The US EIA (Energy Information Administration) in now predicting global inventories will fall by around 900,000 barrels per day in the current quarter, which is a big downward revision to its previous forecast of unchanged inventories.

The shortfall, which is equivalent to the production from Oman, means stockpiles are forecast to decline for the first time since 2021. Meanwhile, US refiners are preparing to boost production ahead of the peak driving season with millions hitting the roads leading to a peak in gasoline consumption.

Higher gas prices at the pump will do Joe Biden few favours with voters ahead of November’s election, while for Fed chair Jay Powell higher oil prices muddy the inflation backdrop.

Higher input costs are not helpful when the manufacturing sector is back in expansion territory as shown by the latest ISM data. [MG]

UK finance officers are bullish which is good news for the economy

Uncertainty has fallen while confidence and risk appetite have risen

In its latest quarterly survey of UK CFOs (chief financial officers), entitled ‘Turning The Corner’, business advisory group Deloitte paints a picture of the UK corporate scene which will be music to investors’ ears.

Optimism among the UK’s largest businesses is running at well above average levels, ‘suggesting the worst of the economic downturn is behind us’ says the survey.

Not only is sentiment well above its long-term average, it is at the same levels which preceded periods of good growth in 2010, 2014 and 2021.

Moreover, for the first time in three years CFOs expect average corporate profit margins to increase over the next 12 months.

‘The uncertainties which have clouded the business scene for much of the last eight years, driven by Brexit, domestic politics, COVID and, in recent years, inflation, seem to be clearing. CFOs’ perceptions of external risk facing their businesses have dropped to a two-and-a-half-year low’, say the survey’s authors.

‘Our uncertainty index is running at less than half the peak seen in autumn 2022 in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as inflation gathered pace.’

Even worries over the exceptionally-high levels of inflation which had dominated CFO thinking since late 2021 seem to be drawing to an end.

One by one, ‘concerns about inflation, energy supply, labour shortages and interest rates have dropped down CFOs’ list of worries’, finds the report.

At the same time, finance officers say credit conditions have improved in the last six months with credit now reported to be more available than at any time in the last two years.

Expectations for the general economy have also improved, with inflation seen at 2.9% a year from now and 2.3% in two years’ time, not far above the Bank of England’s official 2% target.

The bank base rate is expected to fall by 100

basis points or one percentage point to 4.25% in a year’s time, an improvement of 50 basis points since the last survey.

There are of course still a few areas of concern, with geopolitics seen as the biggest business risk over the next 12 months and specifically a rise in cyber-attacks which are becoming increasingly frequent.

Next on the list of concerns are a fall-off in demand and higher energy prices or disruption to energy supplies as a result of geopolitics.

In terms of their own businesses, CFOs say their priorities for the next 12 months are controlling costs and building up cash, with increased capital spending or the launch of new products and services ‘on the back burner’ for now. [IC]

CFOs who expect UK corporates’ operating margins to increase over the next 12 months

Shareholders in Pinewood Technologies set for bumper special payout

The newly-created software company has exciting growth prospects

Although Pinewood Technologies (PINE), the SAAS (software-asa-service) provider to motor dealers, may not seem familiar to UK investors at first glance, it is simply the rump of the old Pendragon business following the sale of the UK motor and leasing division to North American dealership group Lithia (LAD:NYSE).

a large cash pile which it promised to return to shareholders.

Last week the firm, which is currently valued at £675 million, confirmed it would hand back £358 million or more than half its market cap in the form of a 24.5p per share special dividend in early May.

The shares have risen 140% over the last year after Lithia had to hike its offer from £280 million to almost £400 million to seal the deal, leaving Pinewood with

As a standalone business, Pinewood is now a pure-play cloud software firm with gross margins close to 90%, high levels of recurring revenue and strong growth potential.

Britvic shareholders left feeling flat as stock price decline continues

The

After a strong post-lockdown rebound, soft drink and mixer maker Britvic (BVIC) seems to have well and truly lost its fizz over the last year with the shares slumping to 12-month lows last week.

Quite why the market has soured on the £2 billion market-cap firm isn’t obvious, given it has an enviable portfolio of brands including Fruit Shoot, J2O, Robinsons and Tango as well as making Pepsi and

7UP for US drinks giant PepsiCo (PEP:NASDAQ)

The company posted a positive trading update for the first quarter to December, with group sales up 8% led by growth of more than 20% in Brazil, and said it had ‘exciting plans’ for 2024 across its markets including the first brand refresh for Pepsi in 14 years.

Meanwhile, the UK hospitality industry appears to be in rude health with sales up close to 12% in March,

Lithia – which owns 20% of the shares – has agreed to transfer some 2,500 UK customers to Pinewood, which will underpin its domestic growth, while the longerterm plan is for the UK firm to access the much larger US market. [IC]

although the month did include five weekends and Easter was earlier than last year, but even with this in mind the year seems to be off to a promising start.

Investors will therefore be keen to see what the company can do to revive its flagging share price when it reports its first-half results on 15 May. [IC]

UK’s largest soft drinks maker is no longer flavour of the month

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Can Dunelm demonstrate there’s no place like home?

The Leicester-based furniture-to-lighting purveyor is putting up a robust performance despite pressures on household budgets

UK UPDATES OVER T HE NEXT 7 DAYS

FULL YEAR RESULTS

16 April:

Billington Holdings, Equals Group, Accesso Technology, Gresham Technologies, Next 15

17 April:

Inspecs Group, Touchstar, Winkworth

18 April: LBG Media

TRADING ANNOUNCEMENTS

15 April: Kainos Group, Berkeley Group

16 April: IntegraFin, QinetiQ

17 April:

Liontrust Asset Management, easyJet, Entain

18 April:

Rentokil Initial, Segro, AJ Bell, Hays, Dunelm

INTERIMS

18 April: Pod Point

Investors will be hoping for news of a strong start from new spring lines, continued market share gains and growth in active customers when Dunelm (DNLM) delivers its third quarter update on 18 April.

The leader in a fragmented UK homewares market, Dunelm will provide a read on the health of the UK consumer and the margin outlook amid Red Sea disruption and promotional market conditions.

The company will also update analysts on whether it is on track to deliver full-year 2024 pre-tax profits within the £199 million to £207 million consensus range.

On 14 February, the curtain, quilt and kitchenware seller’s resilient first-half results revealed a 4.5% revenue uptick to £872.5 million and a 4.8% rise in pre-tax profit to £123 million, underpinned by share gains in homewares and furniture.

Edison analyst Russell Pointon said the performance demonstrated

the benefits of Dunelm’s strategy of broadening its addressable market by ‘strengthening the core offer and expanding into newer categories, while also growing the store base and marketing more effectively. This is driving growth in active customers, who shop with greater frequency, leading to further market share gains in a static market.’

Led by digitally-savvy chief executive Nick Wilkinson, Dunelm upped the ordinary dividend and declared a special dividend on top, demonstrating some confidence in the ongoing resilience of its customers. The FTSE 250 retailer said it was ‘pleased’ with trading in the second half so far, although it cautioned the consumer outlook ‘remains uncertain’. [JC]

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Refinitiv, Edison

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Refinitiv, Edison

Table: Shares magazine

• Source:

Healthcare giant Johnson & Johnson (JNJ:NYSE) is expected to report firstquarter earnings on 16 April before the market open. Consensus forecasts call for EPS (earnings per share) of $2.63, a slight fall of 2% compared with the same period in 2023.

Over the prior four quarters the company has bested consensus estimates by an average of around 5% according to Nasdaq.com.

Fourth-quarter 2023 earnings topped expectations helped by strong sales of J&J’s blockbuster psoriasis treatment Stelara, but the drug faces fresh competition this year from biosimilar versions as J&J loses exclusivity.

The company said it expected volumes of surgical procedures to remain above pre-Covid levels during

2024. In February, medical devices maker Becton Dickinson (BDX:NASDAQ) raised its full year earnings guidance after seeing strong demand for surgical equipment.

On 5 April, J&J boosted its medical devices portfolio after agreeing to purchase Shockwave Medical (SWAV:NASDAQ) for about $12.5 billion or $335 per share, representing a 5% premium to the prior closing price.

News of J&J’s interest surfaced on 26 March, sending shares in Shockwave up 11% on the day.

California-based Shockwave makes devices which use shockwaves to break down calcified plaque in heart vessels. [MG]

Strong labour market continues to undermine case for Fed rate cuts

Commentators put the latest surprise down to ‘US exceptionalism’

To paraphrase pop singer Britney Spears, ‘oops, it’s done it again’ would probably be a fair response to last week’s US non-farm payrolls which once again blew past expectations and dashed any lingering hopes of an early cut in interest rates.

Rather than 214,000 news jobs being added last month there were 303,000 new roles created, making March the 39th straight month of employment growth and suggesting the economy

is a long way from going into recession.

There was slight comfort from the fact wage growth slowed somewhat, but it remains stubbornly above the Federal Reserve’s target of 3% to 3.5% and the recent bump in crude oil means gasoline prices are going up which won’t help bring inflation down either.

Market commentators put the strength of the labour market down to ‘US exceptionalism’, although the main areas of growth last month appeared to be in government and the health care sector.

Construction was another area of growth, which makes sense as the seasons change and the weather improves, and leisure and hospitality returned to its February 2020 (pre-pandemic) level for the first time.

Investor confidence will face another test on Wednesday, just before Shares goes to press, in the shape of the US consumer price data and in particular the ‘core’ reading which strips out food and energy prices to give an underlying reading of inflationary pressures.

Outside the US there is an ECB (European Central Bank) meeting, where rates are likely to be kept on hold a while longer, and UK February GDP which is also unlikely to surprise.

Next week’s focus will be on UK and euro-zone inflation, where as in the US the ‘core’ reading will be closely watched, along with the German ZEW investor sentiment survey which has been particularly gloomy in recent months. [IC]

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Morningstar, central bank websites

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Morningstar, central bank websites

•

Table: Shares magazine

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Morningstar, central bank websites

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Morningstar, central bank websites

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Morningstar, central bank

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Canadian General Investments offers bargain exposure to quality Canadian stocks and US tech stars

Don’t overlook this dual-listed fund with a formidable long-run record on an unusually wide discount

Canadian General Investments (CGI) £21.70

Market cap: £450 million

An unusually wide 41% discount to NAV (net asset value) presents a compelling entry point into Torontoand London-listed Canadian General Investments (CGI), a trust with a formidable longrun track record.

The cavernous discount provides investors with broad exposure to the Canadian equity market and a winning total return strategy focused on quality Canadian firms and US-listed star turns including the subject of this week’s cover story, Apple (AAPL:NASDAQ), and the likes of Amazon.com (AMZN:NASDAQ) and Nvidia (NVDA:NASDAQ).

This proxy for Canada aims to beat the S&P/TSX Composite Index by investing in quality Canadian companies with a US equity allocation capped at 25%. Managed by Greg Eckle, the portfolio is a bargain way to access Canadian stocks which remain underappreciated by international investors despite the country’s abundant natural resources, worldclass banking sector and vibrant tech industry.

Canadian General has persistently traded at a discount of late, partly due to its concentrated shareholder register and the fact the company is unable to buy back shares, but a wider appreciation of Eckle’s stock-picking prowess could help bring the discount in.

The manager has repeatedly delivered in terms of NAV performance and has an excellent record of identifying winners early, having bought chip designer Nvidia in 2016 and invested in Apple in 2010.

The trust, which typically owns around 60

stocks with portfolio turnover kept low, also owns Canadian logistics firm TFI International (TFII:TSE), tech company Descartes Systems (DSG:TSE) and Canadian forestry company West Fraser Timber (WFG:TSE), the latter well positioned given a major undersupply of new and affordable housing coupled with the likelihood of falling interest rates.

Another standout name is Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ:TSE), a natural fit for the fund as one of the country’s premium energy companies offering exposure to the Canadian oil patch.

At 31 March 2024, the trust’s NAV per share was $62.80, resulting in year-to-date and 12 month NAV returns with dividends reinvested of 13.4% and 22.2% respectively, ahead of the 6.6% and 14% returns of the benchmark S&P/TSX Composite on a total return basis.

It is worth flagging Canadian General is one of 32 investment trusts which would have made investors more than £1 million had they invested the full annual ISA allowance in the company each year from 1999 to 2023, according to research from the AIC) (Association of Investment Companies).

It is also among the AIC’s ‘next generation’ of Dividend Heroes, a select band of 32 trusts which have consistently raised shareholder returns over the last 10 to 20 years. [JC]

Canadian General (p)

Chart: Shares magazine • Source: LSEG

Facilities management firm Mitie Group is back on track

New management led by Phil Bentley has transformed the business

Mitie (MTO) 105p

Market cap: £1.4 billion

Founded in 1987, Mitie Group (MTO) is the UK’s largest facilities management company looking after two and a half million assets for more than 3,000 customers.

The firm takes care of buildings from banks to retailers, schools, hospitals and critical government sites, as well as the people who work in them, helping make them safer, more efficient and greener.

That means as health and safety regulation grows, and more companies take up the challenge of reaching net zero emissions, Mitie’s order book is only going to increase.

TURBULENT PAST

It may seem hard to believe now but from the early 2000s to around 2016 outsourcers were considered exciting growth stocks and in truth they enjoyed stellar margins and earnings.

After the Brexit vote, however, many companies and government departments put their spending plans on hold, leading to a slump in bookings and revenue for the sector and triggering multiple profit warnings.

At the end of 2016, Mitie chief executive Ruby McGregor-Smith stepped down after a decade at the helm and her successor, ex-British Gas chief Phil Bentley, was left to pick up the pieces.

division which was subsequently sold off for just £2 in order to clear the decks.

Mitie also faced criticism over its running of detention centres and other local government facilities, and a combination of negative news flow and investor mistrust saw its share price halve from 300p to 150p between mid-2017 and the end of 2019.

In early 2017, the firm issued its third profit warning and admitted to accounting failures, including an over-valuation of its healthcare

Worse was to follow though, with the shares cracking during the pandemic and tumbling to an all-time low of less than 30p in late 2020.

Ironically, Covid was good news for Mitie: in the six months to September 2020 the firm won or renewed £500 million of security and cleaning contracts, around a quarter of which were directly Covid-related.

In the year to March 2021, the firm increased its revenues by 19% to over £2.5 billion, strengthened its balance sheet and took over failing rival Interserve, completing a four-year transformation under Bentley’s leadership.

It also predicted trading for the year to

Chart: Shares magazine • Source: LSEG

March 2022 would be ‘materially ahead of prior expectations’, replacing profit warnings with upgrades.

Sure enough, by March 2022 revenue had surged to almost £4 billion thanks to new contract wins, growth at Interserve and around £450 million of flexible rapid-response Covid-related contracts.

Free cash inflow was £133 million against a £25 million outflow the prior year, and the firm announced a £50 million share buyback as part of a strategy to reward its long-suffering shareholders, a gesture it repeated in 2023.

GROWTH AT A REASONABLE PRICE

Having gone from hero to zero and back again, Mitie is a much more focused and margindriven business than in the past and in the six months to September 2023 the firm met or significantly exceeded all of the financial targets it set out at the start of 2022.

In the third quarter to December 2023, the company reported an acceleration in momentum with revenues 14% above the previous year and 6% above the second quarter to a record £1.15 billion, reflecting continued growth in key accounts, upselling on projects, contract repricing and ‘infill’ M&A deals.

The total contract value of new wins and extensions in the third quarter alone was £900 million, three times the previous year’s figure, taking the nine-month total to £3.5 billion or 46% more than the prior-year period.

Despite a strong final quarter last year, the firm predicted good revenue momentum for the three months to March 2024, albeit in the

Market Forecasts for FY24 and FY25

Q3 Divisional Performance

Revenue Change yoy

mid-single digit range rather than double digits, still comfortably ahead of the wider facilities management sector.

In terms of valuation, Mitie shares trade on 10 times March 2024 earnings according to Stockopedia, although the current forecast of 10.2p per share implies growth of just 4.4%, which seems conservative.

The forecast for March 2025 is even less demanding with the consensus pitched at 10.5p per share or 2.7% higher than this year, suggesting there is scope for upgrades when the company releases its full-year trading update later this month.

With the bar set low, the firm growing rapidly and its shares trading on 10 times earnings, we wouldn’t be surprised if Mitie became an M&A target in the near future.

Alex Wright, long-serving manager of Fidelity Special Values (FSV), holds Mitie among his top 10 positions and has been a fan for the last couple of years.

Under Bentley the firm has undergone ‘a massive turnaround’, leaving it in a much better position says Wright, while the acquisition of Interserve, which was controversial at the time, is ‘quite possibly the best acquisition I’ve seen’ says the manager, given the lowly price Mitie paid and its improved competitive position today.

‘The business showed its resilience through Covid and has subsequently shown good organic growth with an improved balance sheet. At 10 times this year’s earnings the shares are attractively priced’ adds Wright. [IC]

Table: Shares magazine • Source: Stockopedia, data correct as of 4 April 2024

Table: Shares magazine • Source: Mitie Group

This US equity fund has matched the index despite having a value approach

Fidelity American Special Situations should also withstand any short-term volatility

Fidelity American Special Situations Fund (B89ST70) £26.11

Gain to date: 12.7%

It’s easy to get complacent when markets are doing well, and the success of US equities since last October is a case in point.

While investors might have enjoyed decent gains, there are growing concerns valuations are looking a bit rich and highly-rated stocks could be punished if we see a pull-back in the market.

That’s where it can pay to have a value tilt to part of your portfolio. Shares highlighted the attractions of Fidelity American Special Situations (B89ST70) last December, selecting the fund for its value bias and as a way of providing portfolio diversification.

It looks for companies which have quality characteristics but where the shares look too cheap versus their intrinsic value, often as a result of shortterm negative issues.

WHAT’S HAPPENED SINCE WE SAID TO BUY?

The fund has returned 12.7% since our original tip, in line with the performance of the S&P 500 index of US-listed companies.

Some of the fund’s biggest holdings have perked up on the stock market, helping to boost the value of the portfolio. Shares in FedEx (FDX:NYSE) hit a three-year high last month after the company’s third-quarter results beat expectations and it unveiled a $5 billion share buyback plan.

FedEx has been cutting costs and improving digital capabilities, underpinning Fidelity’s confidence in the

company’s turnaround.

Norfolk Southern (NSC:NYSE), another portfolio holding, has also enjoyed a strong share price performance of late. The freight train operator is currently the target of activist investor Ancora, and Fidelity believes the company plays into the growing trend for ‘onshoring’ as well as being positioned to benefit from cost efficiencies and margin improvement.

WHAT SHOULD INVESTORS DO NOW?

Keep buying the fund. A resilient economy, growing inflationary pressures and a solid jobs market suggests that the Fed won’t rush to cut interest rates. That presents a serious risk of a market correction.

Lower-value companies with quality characteristics should fare better than gogo growth stocks on high multiples, hence the Fidelity fund could provide some ballast to a portfolio. [TS]

Chart: Shares magazine

• Source: LSEG

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Why this could be a great time to invest in US small-caps

Mega-cap outperformance has left America’s market minnows trading at attractive relative valuations

US-listed large-caps shone last year with shares in mega-caps, and the ‘Magnificent Seven’ in particular, surging higher. However, this outperformance only widened the valuation gap between US large and small-caps and left shares in the latter cohort languishing at the low end of historical valuations.

Over one and five years, the Russell 2000 index of US small-cap stocks is up 14.6% and 30.5% at the time of writing. That lags the performance of the S&P 500, which is up 26.2% over one year and 80% over five years. The tech-heavy Nasdaq index has chalked up gains of 33.2% and 104.6%.

While investor sentiment towards America’s market minnows remains weak, the asset class will enjoy its day in the sun once more since US smallcaps offer investors the benefits of rapid growth beyond the Magnificent Seven, and US small-caps actually began to outshine their larger brethren towards the back end of 2023, suggesting conditions are ripe for a rebound.

As the late, great investment sage Jim Slater once said, ‘elephants don’t gallop’, meaning small companies have the capacity to grow much faster than big ones. Along with the capacity for superior

growth, small-cap companies are also more likely to be taken over. Given it is the deepest and bestperforming major stock market with the best governance, the US offers fertile ground for stock pickers seeking to diversify their US equity exposure by investing in a wider pool of smaller, but no less dynamic, companies.

WHY INVEST IN US SMALL-CAPS NOW?

Investors who limit themselves to the S&P 500 are letting a plethora of world-leading smaller US-listed firms slip through their fingers. As Kepler analyst Alan Ray pointed out in a recent note (27 March 2024) on JPMorgan US Smaller Companies (JUSC): ‘When a few stocks drive the performance of a whole stock market, it’s very easy to forget about important disciplines such as diversification and valuation, and JUSC offers both to investors looking for US equity exposure, with the additional potential kicker that smaller companies have historically performed extremely well at the tail-end of inflation and interest rate cycles.’

Despite the volatile geopolitical backdrop, prospects for the US economy upon which smaller companies have a greater dependence remain

pretty favourable. Consumer spending is holding up well, supported by continuing jobs growth and rising wages, while falling inflation and interest rate cuts should provide a positive backdrop for US equities, and sentiment could shift away from the mega-caps and towards US small-caps given their sensitivity to the local economy and interest rates, their attractive valuations versus large-caps and the fact many investors have little exposure to the asset class.

The US small-cap market remains underresearched by Wall Street analysts, which means smaller fry are often seriously mispriced. Merger and acquisition activity in small-caps was dormant in 2023, but an awakening in the coming years would be positive for the funds which invest in this space.

As Chris Berrier, manager of Brown Advisory US Smaller Companies (BASC), said at the investment trust’s first-half results (12 February): ‘Although it may take some time to manifest itself, we believe in a future of sustained small-cap leadership. In our view, the market is simply too concentrated - the largest five names by market capitalisation are three times the total Russell 2000 Index - and

Funds: US Small Caps

the historical evidence too strong to ignore the category’s potential. Although we cannot say the area is a steal (i.e., cheap), we remain off the highs, relative valuation is compelling, and we believe the size segment should move as capital disperses from the Magnificent Seven.’

PROFESSIONALLY-MANAGED EXPOSURE

Specialist funds in this space include the Cormac Weldon-managed Artemis US Smaller Companies (BMMV576), which has generated a one-year total return of 32% and offers exposure to building materials supplier Builders FirstSource (BLDR:NYSE), trucking company Saia (SAIA:NASDAQ) and frozen French fries producer Lamb Weston (LW:NYSE) among others.

A stand-out five and 10-year performer is CT American Smaller Companies (B8358Z8), awarded a five-star rating by Morningstar, whose top holdings include American energy concern Avista (AVA:NYSE) and investment bank Moelis (MC:NYSE), while Jonathan Moyes, head of investment strategy at Wealth Club, highlights T. Rowe Price US Smaller Companies (BD446P5). This fund has returned more

Trusts offering exposure to US small-caps

Funds: US Small Caps

than 80% over five years and provides exposure to many small and mid-sized US firms that an S&P 500 index tracker would miss.

Investors aren’t exactly spoilt for choice when it comes to dedicated US small-cap investment trusts, with just two funds sitting in the Association of Investment Companies’ (AIC) North American Smaller Companies sector.

However, at roughly 40% of its geographical allocation, North America is the biggest regional exposure for the Global Smaller Companies Trust (GSCT). Managed by Peter Ewins and Nish Patel and trading on a double-digit discount to NAV, this AIC ‘Dividend Hero’ has raised the shareholder reward for the last 53 years.

Other options include Katie Potts-managed Herald (HRI), the TMT-focused vehicle with just under a third of its assets in North America, Baillie Gifford’s Edinburgh Worldwide (EWI) with over 70% of its portfolio invested in North America and Smithson (SSON), the quality global small and mid-cap trust with almost 45% of its assets in the USA at last count.

As the table shows, the superior 10-year share price total return performer among the two dedicated trusts is JPMorgan US Smaller Companies, up 157.2% versus a 110.1% gain for Brown Advisory US Smaller Companies, although the latter is ahead over one year.

Led by Don San Jose since 2008, the team at the former emphasises a hands-on approach to investing, preferring to ‘walk the floor’ of its investee companies to really get to know them, while the latter is managed by experienced US small-cap investor Berrier, who is ‘eagerly’ anticipating ‘a return to small-cap market leadership, from which BASC will be well-positioned to benefit in the longterm’ and believes now is the perfect time to invest in US small-caps.

Brown Advisory US Smaller Companies’ ‘3G’ approach - seeking businesses with durable Growth, sound Governance and scalable Go-to-market ability – helps to concentrate Berrier’s gaze on companies with an above-average potential to compound earnings and cash flows over a multi-year period. The trust’s largest holdings include Waste

Connections (WCN:NYSE), a non-hazardous solid waste collection services play, as well as Midwest convenience stores operator Casey’s General Stores (CASY:NASDAQ) and social networking site Pinterest (PINS:NYSE)

TWO GREAT WAYS TO PLAY US SMALL-CAPS

VT DE LISLE AMERICA FUND (B3QF3G6) 743.95P

ONGOING CHARGE: 1.05%

Funds: US Small Caps

Offering exposure to the US small-cap value style is VT De Lisle America (B3QF3G6), the five-star Morningstar-rated fund which aims to ‘look beyond Wall Street’ for missed or ignored opportunities rather than the big tech growth stocks which dominate many US funds. Manager Richard De Lisle invests in US small-cap value, the best longterm asset class in the world according to Nobel economics laureate Eugene Fama and his research

partner Kenneth French, which makes VT De Lisle America’s portfolio of 179 stocks a good complement to existing US equity exposure. VT De Lisle America uses a top-down thematic investment process combined with forensic bottom-up analysis, searching for companies exhibiting high-quality metrics with attractive valuations. Top 10 positions include Cameco Corp (CCJ:NYSE), the world’s largest publicly-traded uranium company, American teddy bear, stuffed animal and character retailer Build-A-Bear Workshop (BBW:NYSE) and late 2022 spin-out MasterBrand (MBC:NYSE), formerly the kitchen-cabinet division of Fortune Brands (FBIN:NYSE). Another notable holding is Super Micro Computer (SMCI:NASDAQ), renowned for its energy-efficient servers, which recently left the Russell 2000 and entered the S&P 500. VT De Lisle America has generated annualised 10-year total returns of 14.3%, ahead of the 11.6% from Morningstar’s US Small-Cap Equity benchmark.

Funds: US Small Caps

US small-cap funds

JPMORGAN

A 12% NAV discount presents a compelling entry point into this quality growth-focused trust, which invests in US smaller companies with sustainable competitive advantages and competent management teams which the portfolio managers Don San Jose, Dan Percella and Jon Brachle believe trade at a discount to intrinsic value. This is a highquality portfolio of US smaller companies on a lower valuation than the market, and the board has been

buying shares back since early 2022 in response to the wider-than-average discount. As investment trust scrutineer Kepler observes, JPMorgan US Smaller Companies has a good long-term track record of outperforming the Russell 2000, having beaten the benchmark over five and 10 years with NAV total returns of circa 51% and 204% for those two periods compared to the benchmark’s 40% and 158%. Top 10 positions include the likes of workspace and portable storage solutions play WillScot (WSC:NASDAQ) and childcare and early education services provider Bright Horizons (BFAM:NYSE), not to mention tech solutions supplier Novanta (NOVT:NASDAQ), a play on the reshoring and deglobalisation theme, and RBC Bearings (RBC:NYSE), a ball-bearing manufacturer which, through the use of precision automation, competes in a market that often depends on lower wage economies.

By James Crux

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: FE Analytics, 3 April 2024. Total return in GB

Fidelity Special Values PLC

An AJ Bell Select List Investment Trust

The recent strong relative performance of the UK equity market has gone largely unnoticed by investors, reinforcing its unloved status. Alex Wright, portfolio manager of Fidelity Special Values PLC, believes the value-oriented areas of the UK market represent a strong investment opportunity.

Turning insight into opportunity

Despite the UK being a value market, many of those who invest in the market don’t invest with a value bias. However, Alex looks to construct portfolios focused on unloved UK companies entering a period of positive change. The market is often slow to recognise change in out-of-favour stocks which creates opportunities to add value by identifying companies whose improving growth prospects are not yet recognised by other investors.

Our broad analyst coverage means that we are able to find ideas across the market cap spectrum, giving us many shots on goal. Our network of over 400 investment professionals around the world place significant emphasis on questioning management teams to fully understand their corporate strategy. They also take time to speak to clients and suppliers of companies in order to build

Past performance

Past performance

conviction in a stock. Our approach translates into a clear bias towards small and mid-cap value stocks, compared to most of our competitors who are often less differentiated.

It’s a consistent and disciplined approach that has worked well; the trust has significantly outperformed the FTSE All Share Index over the long term both since Alex took over in September 2012 and from launch over 29 years ago.

To find out more visit www.fidelity.co.uk/specialvalues

Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future returns

Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future returns

Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future returns

Morningstar as at 31.01.2024, bid-bid, net income reinvested. ©2024 Morningstar Inc. All rights reserved. The FTSE All Share Index is a comparative index of the investment trust

Source: Morningstar as at 31.12.2023, bid-bid, net income reinvested. ©2024 Morningstar Inc. All rights reserved. The FTSE All Share Index is a comparative index of the investment trust

Important information

Source: Morningstar as at 31.12.2023, bid-bid, net income reinvested. ©2024 Morningstar Inc. All rights reserved. The FTSE All Share Index is a comparative index of the investment trust

The value of investments can go down as well as up and you may not get back the amount you invested. Overseas investments are subject to currency fluctuations. The shares in the investment trust are listed on the London Stock Exchange and their price is affected by supply and demand. The Trust can use financial derivative instruments for investment purposes, which may expose it to a higher degree of risk and can cause investments to experience larger than average price fluctuations. The investment trust can gain additional exposure to the market, known as gearing, potentially increasing volatility. The trust invests more heavily than others in smaller companies, which can carry a higher risk because their share prices may be more volatile than those of larger companies and the securities are often less liquid. This information is not a personal recommendation for any particular investment. If you are unsure about the suitability of an investment you should speak to an authorised financial adviser.

WHY THE MARKET HAS SOURED ON APPLE

CAN THE TECH GIANT TURN THINGS ROUND?

This year, Apple (AAPL:NASDAQ) shares have fallen nearly 9%. If that doesn’t sound like a big deal, consider that for the world’s second most valuable company it means the loss of something like $230 billion. That’s the equivalent of an entire PepsiCo (PEP:NASDAQ), or Shell (SHEL) – the UK’s current largest company – plus a British American Tobacco (BATS) thrown in.

On a one-year view, the stock has recorded a total return (share price performance plus dividends) of 2.67%, according to Morningstar data, versus nearly 35% of the Nasdaq Composite. It is not what investors have come to expect from the Cupertino tech colossus, a shocking showing compared to the near 25% a year racked up over the past decade.

Peering into the forecast future, analysts see little better than 1% growth in revenue this financial year (to 30 September) and a mere 6.5% in fiscal 2025, with no better anticipated for net profits. On a PE (price to earnings) multiple of close on 25 and a PEG of 3.3 (price to earnings growth), investors might well be wondering whether Apple’s best days are behind it and if the current $169.65 share price, and $2.62 trillion market cap, do not fairly reflect this.

But is this a true picture of Apple’s investment potential today? Analysts overwhelmingly still back the business and its shares. According to Koyfin data, of the 45 experts who follow the company, 26 (58%) are telling clients to buy the stock while only four (9%) have slapped sell recommendations on the shares (the rest are fencing-sitting holds).

The consensus price target stands at just over $200, implying around 18% upside over the next 12 months, while $250 tops the range, nearly 48% above the current level. And while it’s true that Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.B:NYSE) sold around 10 million Apple shares late in 2023, Berkshire’s remaining 5.9% stake is worth roughly $155 billion (based on the current valuation) or about 17% of Berkshire’s $910 billion market cap. Quite the commitment.

WHAT’S HURTING APPLE RIGHT NOW?

Multiple factors have worked against Apple, the most recent its wrangling with regulators over its smartphone dominance. Antitrust legal challenges have become par for the course in the technology industry, and the (sometimes hefty) fines incurred are typically written off by analysts and investors as part of doing business.

But Apple now finds itself under threat on three of its most important fronts; Europe, China and now its own US backyard. In late March 2024, the US Department of Justice launched a lawsuit accusing the iPhone maker of violating antitrust laws and suppressing competition by blocking rivals from accessing hardware and software features on its devices.

The challenge saw Apple stock lose more than 4%, its biggest one-day fall since August 2023 according to Bloomberg. The sell-off this year stands in stark contrast to the rest of big tech. The US-listed Roundhill Magnificent Seven ETF, which tracks the performance of the ‘Magnificent Seven’ stocks, is up around 16% year-to-date, led by Nvidia (NVDA: NASDAQ) and Meta Platforms (META:NASDAQ), up 78% and 48% respectively.

Tesla (TSLA:NASDAQ), down 31%, is the only other ‘Magnificent Seven’ loser this year.

The US suit also puts Apple’s Services business in the watchdog’s crosshairs, the firm’s biggest source of growth in recent years. Home to the App Store, Apple Pay, Apple Music and other stuff, the Services

What the market expects

Full year to 30 September

WHAT’S HURTING APPLE SNAPSHOT

arm is fed by more than two billion Apple devices in use. Services revenue expanded 9% in fiscal 2023 while product revenue, including iPhones, Macs and iPads, dropped 3%.

Despite accounting for just 22% of Apple’s sales, Services generated more than a third of profit making investors particularly sensitive to any regulatory attacks to the division.

But analysts urge shareholders against panic Apple stock selling. ‘We still believe most Apple users opt into the firm’s premium closed ecosystem, and we don’t predict significant attrition for the firm’s products and services even in a more open environment,’ says William Kerwin, analyst at Morningstar.

‘We assume the suit will result in some opening of Apple’s walled garden ecosystem, similar to what we expect from the European Union’s Digital Markets Act,’ adds Kerwin.

CRUCIAL IPHONE

Worries about iPhone demand are also keenly felt and underline a widely-held view that Apple has fallen way behind on the innovation front, leaving the iPhone to shoulder most of the growth burden,

Apple's calendar quarterly growth since 2010 (%)

albeit with Services increasingly helping out.

The powerhouse of growth since the iPhone was launched in 2007, Apple arrested four straight quarters of revenue declines in the first quarter of financial year 2024 (released in early February) yet it continues to face challenges in China, its third largest market.

Chinese revenue fell 13% in the first three months of the year, declining to $20.82 billion and falling short of analyst estimates of $23.53 billion according to data from LSEG. China has been a major growth driver for Apple, but fierce completion from Huawei and Xiaomi and changing geopolitics are weighing, and investors’ concerns are mounting that the situation may not improve in 2024.

According to analysis of the supply chain for

Apple’s smartphone production, the company has reduced orders for key semiconductor components for the iPhone in 2024 to about 200 million units, down 15% from the previous year. This is a key reason why many analysts have been trimming iPhone expectations this year and some are predicting Apple may experience the largest decline in sales among global smartphone brands.

Some are hoping a new iPhone 16, due for release in the last quarter of 2024 in time for the Christmas run-in, could arrest declines. However, consumers are increasingly demanding integrated generative AI features to justify splashing out on a new smartphone, and many analysts do not expect Apple to release new iPhone models with significant design changes and a more comprehensive and differentiated AI ecosystem

applications before 2025.

Until then, this is likely to hurt iPhone shipments and the growth of the Apple ecosystem. Respected Apple analyst Ming-Chi Kuo, of TF International Securities, forecasts shipments of the iPhone 15 and the new iPhone 16 to decline by between 10% and 15% year-on-year in the first and second quarters of 2024, compared to shipments of the iPhone 14 line in the first quarter of 2023 and the iPhone 15 in the second quarter of 2023.

The launch of the Vision Pro multi-reality headset doesn’t look anything like a mass-market adoption option at $3,500 a pop, and the company had to fend off criticism it is heavy and uncomfortable when worn for very long.

None of this necessarily alters the longer-term potential of Apple and its ecosystem, but it does show how the company has fallen behind on the innovation race, as illustrated by its strange relative silence on AI.

WAITING FOR AI ANSWERS

Since generative AI capabilities were launched by OpenAI at the end of 2022, Apple has been worrying silent on its AI strategy, losing ground to the likes of Microsoft (MSFT:NASDAQ), Meta Platforms and Alphabet (GOOG:NASDAQ).

That, at least, seems to be changing. Having ditched its inhouse electric car fantasy – Project Titan – rumours suggest much of the technical talent tied up in that will now be shifted to

an AI projects space, which sounds much more like Apple turf, led by executive John Giannandrea. If true, it would also demonstrate far more sensible capital discipline than chasing fancy moonshots.

We may learn more in June when Apple plans to kick off its annual Worldwide Developers Conference, where the company is expected to unveil its long-anticipated artificial intelligence strategy. Apple isn’t giving details away but people allegedly in-the-know say the presentation (1014 June) will focus heavily on AI, and perhaps announce rumoured tie-ins with Google and China’s Baidu (BIDU:NASDAQ)

With an approximate two billion Apple devices worldwide ready to embrace whatever the company does, this is an exciting prospect. Perhaps an AI-powered Siri is one obvious option. But until we have answers about where AI fits in at Apple investors are likely to handle the stock with care.

There is no question the company has built a vast ecosystem with strong brand loyalty among its users, equating to a powerful profits machine. We would not recommend upending your portfolio with mass sales of Apple stakes, but the company needs something else to capture the imagination of consumers and investors.

Morningstar analysts estimate a fair value on the stock of $160 and have a ‘medium uncertainty rating’ following the US antitrust suit. That neatly sums up where we are with Apple right now.

THE NEW UK ISA

Gallagher, Head of Investment Trusts, BlackRock

THE NEW “BRITISH ISA” – WHAT IS IT AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

In March 2024, the government announced the introduction of the UK ISA, which will provide a new tax-free savings opportunity for savers to invest in the UK, while supporting UK companies. Here we examine what we know about this extension to the highly successful, tax-efficient Individual Savings Account (ISA) and explain why we believe it could be important for UK investors.

WHAT IS THE BRITISH ISA?

In the 2024 Spring Budget, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Jeremy Hunt, announced the introduction of the UK ISA. This represents an opportunity for investors to shelter a further £5,000 from the tax authorities annually, on top of the existing £20,000 annual ISA allowance, as long as this additional amount is invested in the UK.

As is typical with new policies, the concept is currently under “consultation”, which means the investment industry and other interested parties can help shape the precise design and implementation of the policy, making it fit for purpose and as effective as possible.

One key debate revolves around the exact definition of what should be considered a “UK company”. The proposal suggests that any business that is incorporated in the UK and listed on the UK stock market should be included. However, some industry commentators have argued that the policy should exclude companies that conduct most of their activities overseas. That would mean, the argument goes, the impact of the policy can be more directly focused on British businesses and the broader UK economy.

Meanwhile, the qualification of investment trusts will also require clarity. These are listed on the UK stock market, but many of them are focused on investment opportunities elsewhere in the world. For example, BlackRock manages a range of nine investment trusts, but only three of these are specifically focused on opportunities in UK equities.

The consultation process comes to an end in June 2024, so we don’t have long to wait for these finer details. In the meantime, we know that the Association of Investment Companies (AIC), the industry body that represents and promotes the investment trust sector, is calling for all UKlisted investment trusts to be included1.

Melissa

WHY IS THE BRITISH ISA BEING INTRODUCED?

The UK equity market has had a difficult run in recent years, and this has left many UK-listed businesses trading at a significant discount to similar companies that are listed elsewhere.

While this substantial discount persists, however, foreign companies and private equity are seeking to capitalise on the depressed prices they can find in the UK. Barely a week passes without news of another well-known UK company being acquired from overseas. Indeed, merger and acquisition activity may be a catalyst for better performance from UK stocks, but it may not be enough on its own. Hence, policymakers are looking to intervene, anxious about the implications for the health of the economy and stock market should UK businesses continue to be acquired.

Many in the industry have also called for proactive measures to encourage domestic investors to reallocate capital towards UK equities, in order to strengthen this important part of the country’s financial infrastructure.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR UK INVESTORS?

The overall aim of the British ISA is ultimately to encourage more demand for UK equities. Stock markets are balancing mechanisms through which the forces of supply and demand find an equilibrium through movements in price. The socalled “invisible hand” of the market moves prices higher when there are more buyers than sellers. A higher share price incrementally encourages more sellers and deters a few buyers until equilibrium is restored. The same thing happens in the opposite direction should sellers of a stock outnumber buyers.

RISK WARNINGS

Capital at risk. The value of investments and the income from them can fall as well as rise and are not guaranteed. Investors may not get back the amount originally invested.

Past performance is not a reliable indicator of current or future results and should not be the sole factor of consideration when selecting a product or strategy.

Changes in the rates of exchange between currencies may cause the value of investments to diminish or increase. Fluctuation may be particularly marked in the case of a higher volatility fund and the value of an investment may fall suddenly and substantially. Levels and basis of taxation may change from time to time.

All else being equal, encouraging more demand for UK equities therefore equates to the prospect of higher prices and valuations for British businesses. However, it remains to be seen as to whether the policy stimulates enough demand to make a meaningful difference. Critics suggest that, at £5,000 per person annually, the size of the additional British ISA allowance is too low to make a big difference, and the number of savers who are fortunate enough to be able to fully utilise their ISA allowance each year is too small.

If there is an impact, it is perhaps likely to be felt most significantly by smaller UK listed businesses, where a small amount of additional demand could make a meaningful difference to share prices. Two of BlackRock’s three UKfocused investment trusts are explicitly targeting these smaller companies.

Overall, perhaps the policy should be seen as a positive step in the right direction. The fact that policymakers are trying to address the undervaluation of UK equity is encouraging and, in time and with other measures, it could signal the start of a period of better long-term performance from the UK stock market.

In conclusion, the British ISA should be seen as a helpful addition to the savings regime. It means investors have the opportunity to shelter even more of their savings from the tax authorities. That makes it a quick win for savers, and potentially an even bigger win for the UK economy and stock market over time.

For further information on BlackRock’s range of investment trusts, please visit www.blackrock.com/its

How our 2024 picks beat the market in the first quarter

Our UK-listed contingent has performed particularly strongly

Our portfolio of picks for 2024 is off to a solid start in what proved an uneven first quarter for the stock market as a whole. Our return of 9% is comfortably ahead of our FTSE All-Share benchmark at 3.9%. It’s a tale of feast and famine, however, with half of our selections achieving double-digit gains while 40% are in the red.

THE BIG WINNERS

At the end of 2023, shares in biotech specialist Puretech Health (PRTC) received a significant boost after it announced Karuna Therapeutics, one of its ‘Founded Entities’, was being acquired by Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS:NYSE) for a total equity value of $14 billion.

Puretech operates a unique business model, investing its own capital to develop a pipeline of assets as well as running a ‘Founded Entities’ business for outside investors. It had funneled $18.5 million into the founding and development of Karuna and in total has generated $1.1 billion of cash from that investment. The company announced in March it intended to return $100 million to shareholders through a tender offer. Also performing strongly is Just Group (JUST), the retirement products and services specialist. The shares hit 12-month highs on the back of a strong set of 2023 results (8 March) with underlying operating profit up 47% to £377 million and confirmation that momentum in the business had continued into 2024.

Shares in energy services outfit Hunting (HTG) have chalked up a decent advance amid rising

oil prices. Its 2023 results were in line with expectations, with sales up 28% year-on-year to $929 million and good visibility on forward work thanks to an order book up 19% at $565 million (28 February).

Reflecting on the numbers, Canaccord Genuity analyst Alex Brooks commented: ‘We see these results as an important step in Hunting’s steadily-building record of growth and profitability; as highlighted in the results presentation, there remains extensive scope for further improvement, as well as the potential that a robust balance sheet and profitable underlying business enables.’

STEADY EDDIES

Bowling alley operator Hollywood Bowl (BOWL) has seen its shares maintain their recent momentum as it has progressed the £10 million share buyback programme announced alongside its results for the 12 months to 30 September 2023 (18 December 2023). The company is set to unveil its numbers for the six months to 31 March on 3 June.

We saw data analytics specialist RELX (REL) as a beneficiary of the AI (artificial intelligence) theme and this combined with a robust set of 2023 results – with revenue growth of 8% to £9.2 billion and underlying operating profit growth of 13% to £3 billion – has acted as a catalyst for the stock yearto-date. A £1 billion share buyback announced alongside these results (15 February) hasn’t done any harm either.

Struggling to make progress are medical products company Smith & Nephew (SN.) and discount retail chain B&M European Value Retail (BME). OUR PICKS:

Shares' 2024 stock portfolio

Despite revealing 5% revenue growth in the ‘golden quarter’ which encompasses the Christmas period, the latter has received short shrift from the market thanks to issues around disruption to Red Sea shipping and the knock-on effect on its supply chain, concerns about the wider retail sector and its market share in food.

However, Liberum analyst Adam Tomlinson sees these concerns as unwarranted and says: ‘New management has brought even greater strategic clarity – focusing on price, product, availability, and store standards. Our pricing survey, store visits and the track record of delivery all give us confidence.’

B&M is set to update on its performance in the 12 months to 30 March on 16 April ahead of announcing the results in full on 5 June.

Some lingering scepticism around the company’s ability to achieve its 20% margin target in 2025 has hit sentiment towards Smith & Nephew with its 2023 results proving solid rather than spectacular. As Berenberg analyst Sam England observes, the company is now approaching a ‘critical phase’ in its turnaround. Investors will be hoping to see signs of further progress when the company updates on first quarter trading (likely at the end of this month).

US SELECTIONS A LETDOWN SO FAR

Despite the UK market lagging many of its global counterparts in 2024, if we just looked at the performance of our UK-listed selections in isolation we are sitting on a 15%-plus gain. The two major laggards are our US tech selections, reflecting the reality that while some stocks in this space have continued to surge others have struggled.

Creative digital software firm Adobe (ABDE:NASDAQ) took a hit in mid-March as it a predicted weaker-than-expected outcome for its second quarter and missed analyst estimates for annualised recurring revenue in its Digital Media division. This tempered some of the recent excitement about the company’s AI-related potential.

Meanwhile the prospect of slowing growth in 2024 has put the skids under database software specialist MongoDB (MDB:NASDAQ).

By Tom Sieber Editor

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Shares, Google Finance. Entry prices taken 18 December 2023. Latest prices taken 4 April 2024

A unique investment philosophy

Nearly four decades of bottom-up fundamental investing.

Asset Value Investors (AVI) has managed the c.£1.3bn* AVI Global Trust (AGT) since 1985. The strategy over that period has been to buy durable growing companies held through unconventional structures and trading at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The strategy is global in scope, and we believe that attractive risk-adjusted returns can be earned through detailed research with a long-term mind-set.

The companies we invest in are durable businesses that are growing in value.

They are trading at discounted valuations.

We take an active approach to unlock and grow value.

AVI has a well-defined, robust investment philosophy in place to guide investment decisions. Our core portfolio of 25-35

listed companies gives us exposure to a concentrated-yet-diverse collection of attractive global businesses. This underlying portfolio is diversified across all sectors and geographies. Buying these companies trading at a discount to their net asset values provides a margin of safety. Our 14 strong investment team does in-depth research which forms the cornerstone of

our active approach.

Once an investment has been made, we seek to establish a good relationship and actively engage with the managers, board directors and, often, families behind the company. Our aim is to be a constructive, stable partner and to bring our expertise – garnered over three decades of investing in asset-

backed companies – for the benefit of all.

AGT’s long-term track record bears witness to the success of this approach, with a NAV** total return well in excess of its benchmark.**

We believe that this strategy remains as appealing as ever and we continue to find plenty of exciting opportunities.

Cruise operators have the wind in their sails as demand soars

A wider appeal across generations and options to suit all pockets have led to a boom in the industry

The cruise industry is enjoying an unprecedented boom with around 35.7 million passengers expected to book a trip this year, up from 31.5 million in 2023 and 6% more than the number of passengers who set sail in 2019 according to the CLIA (Cruise Lines International Association).

Going on a cruise holiday is slowly become a more popular alternative then jumping on a plane or a high-speed train to Europe.

In a survey of 4,500 UK travellers carried out by the CLIA, 91% of respondents who had cruised previously said they intended to take a holiday at sea again, a 14% increase on 2019.

Of those who had never cruised, 72% said they were open to the idea, a 1% increase from 2019.

Many of those who wouldn’t normally consider going on a cruise are getting on board because all-inclusive package deals work out cheaper, not just for families but for solo travellers, and sailing is considered by some as being more environmentally-friendly than air travel.

‘We remain positive on travel going into 2024, with trading data around the year-end suggesting positive booking trends for summer 2024 for all aspects of travel, from tour operators to cruise lines,’ say analysts at HSBC.

‘Overall, the market is extremely strong, especially the top end of the market in terms of the most high-end luxury cruises,’ said Bob Levinstein, chief executive of cruise marketplace Cruise Compete.

WHAT IS THE APPEAL?

Cruise companies offer consumers a ‘one stop

shop’ holiday experience combining transport, accommodation and entertainment which means travellers can sit back and enjoy their time on board.

There is a huge amount of choice in terms of itineraries, most of which include multiple destinations and ports of call which is an attractive option for holidaymakers as opposed to just visiting one destination by plan or train.

They also offer ‘all-inclusive’ packages meaning meals, drinks and tips on board are part of the deal which is appealing for those on a budget.

Historically the cruise market was aimed at older generations and retirees, who had large amounts of disposable income, but operators are increasingly keen to attract couples and families, while some have tailored their offering to the ‘young, free and single’ market.

As well as accommodation, restaurants and bars, most modern cruise liners now come with nightclubs, swimming pools and fitness centres for those that want to stay active rather than watch the scenery float by.

FULL STEAM AHEAD

Like the rest of the travel and leisure sector, the cruise industry suffered heavily during the pandemic as all sailings were cancelled.

In the second quarter of 2020, US operator Royal Caribbean (RCL:NYSE) reported a net loss of $1.6 billion while rival Carnival (CCL:NYSE) racked up $4.4 billion of losses.

Customers typically book their holidays between six months and a year in advance, meaning not only did the operators not receive any new

Sector Report: Cruise operators

Cruise operators

CRUISE SECTOR IN NUMBERS

35.7 MILLION PASSENGERS EXPECTED TO BOOK A TRIP THIS YEAR

Source: Insidehook.com

UP TO 250 TONS OF FUEL USED DAILY BY A LARGE SHIP

Source: College of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Colorado Boulder

85% of travelers who have cruised will cruise again, 6% higher than prepandemic

Source: CLIA Cruise Traveler Sentiment, Perception, and Intent Survey (Dec.2022)

46.5 THE AVERAHE AGE OF A CRUISE TOURIST

Source: CLIA Cruise Traveler Sentiment, Perception, and Intent Survey (March 2023)

$155BN IS THE VALUE OF CRUISE TOURISM TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

Sector Report: Cruise operators

Taking a seven-day cruise is more than three times as carbonintensive as flying and staying abroad

*Estimated CO2 emissions per passenger for a sevenday trip in Europe, only including travel and accommodation

$750 AVERAGE SPEND PER CRUISER IN PORT CITIES OVER A TYPICAL SEVEN-DAY CRUISE

*Calculations are estimates assuming a seven-day return cruise from Southampton to A Coruña, via La Rochelle, Bilbao and Le Havre (3,052km) at peak efficiency vs a return flight to A Coruña, Spain (2,192km) and seven-day stay at a hotel in France sharing one bedroom. **Travel and accommodation included together for cruise.

Ocean-going cruise passengers

90% UP TO 90% OF FRESH WATER CAN BE PRODUCED ONBOARD THROUGH STATE-OFTHE-ART SYSTEMS AND PRACTICES

Chart: Share magazine, Polly Bindman/Energy Monitor • Source: International Council on Clean Transportation; UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero

bookings but they had to refund or rebook thousands of tickets while still covering the costs of keeping their ships operational and paying their staff.

From the start of 2020 to their low in early April that year, shares in Royal Caribbean fell 82% to $24.39 while shares in Carnival fell 84% to $8.49 over the same period.

Both firms have recovered strongly in the interim, with Royal Caribbean’s earnings consistently beating analysts’ forecasts over the past few quarters taking the shares back above their pre-Covid highs.

Carnival recently posted record quarterly revenue together with a reduced loss per share and saw record booking volumes for all future sailings, with the company able to pass through higher prices thanks to ‘an early start to a robust wave season’.

Cashing in on the renewed popularity of cruising and travel stocks in general, Swiss-headquartered operator Viking Holdings announced in February it intended to raise $500 million or more in a US listing.

Founded 27 years ago by Torstein Hagen, who is currently chairman, Viking is backed by private equity firm TPG among others and operates a fleet of more than 90 vessels on rivers, lakes and oceans across the globe.

CAN CRUISING EVER BE ‘GREEN’?

One of the big image problems the cruise sector has is its carbon footprint, with environmental group Friends of the Earth claiming the industry is ‘devastating our environment, oceans, sea life and coastal communities’.

According to the organisation, even a mid-sized cruise ship burns 150 tons of fuel daily and uses the cheapest, dirtiest fuel on the market.

However, cruise operators have gone back to the drawing board and new ships have advanced hulls which cut through the water more efficiently, saving fuel, as well as solar panels, energy-saving appliances and cooking-oil conversion systems to reduce waste, while itineraries are designed to minimise fuel consumption.

According to the CLIA more than 15% of the vessels to be launched in the next five years will be equipped to incorporate fuel cells or batteries and 85% of CLIA member ships coming online between

now and 2028 will be able to plug into shoreside electricity, allowing engines to switch off at berth meaning a significant reduction in emissions.

PLENTY OF STOCKS TO CONSIDER

The ‘big beasts’ of the sector in terms of their operations and market size are Carnival and Royal Caribbean, both listed in New York although Carnival also has a secondary listing in London.

Carnival has a portfolio of cruise brands covering just about every market segment with the mostrecognised brands in the five big markets – North America, the UK, Italy, Germany and Australia – which make up 85% of the world’s cruise passengers.

It operates more than 90 ships, mostly based out of the US and mostly in the mid-to-upper tier, together with Cunard and Seabourn in the luxury

Consensus forecasts for cruise operators

Data correct as of 4 April 2024

Table: Shares magazine

• Source: Stockopedia

segment, AIDA in the ‘casual premium’ market aimed at German customers, Costa in the Southern European and Chinese markets and P&O in the UK and Australian markets.

Chief executive Josh Weinstein said the firm had enjoyed ‘a fantastic start to the year’, with booking volumes hitting an all-time high and prices ‘considerably higher’, meaning customer deposits hit a first-quarter record of $7 billion, surpassing the previous record by $1.3 billion.

Although the Baltimore bridge collapse forced the company to switch its homeport temporarily, the impact is likely to be $10 million at most, or less than 1% of this year’s net income.

More significantly the firm has ordered its first new ships in five years, to be delivered to Carnival Cruise Line in 2027 and 2028.

In a research note, Shore Capital analysts said: ‘We continue to see significant attractions to the global cruise industry, especially the long-term structural fundamentals, although this appears to be very much reflected in Carnival’s current valuation, especially given its elevated debt levels.’

Rival Royal Caribbean operates around 30 ships under three brands – Royal Caribbean, Celebrity Cruises and Silversea Cruises – with some of its newest vessels such as Star of the Seas the size of a small town.

At the beginning of February, the company posted better-than-expected 2023 earnings thanks to a strong final quarter and said it expected record earnings this year.

President and chief executive Jason Liberty called 2023 ‘an exceptional year, propelled by unmatched demand for our brands from new and loyal guests’ and said the firm had ‘the wind in our sails’ with record-breaking bookings already for this year.

Also listed in New York is Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings (NCLH:NYSE), which like Royal Caribbean operates around 30 ships under three brands, Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania and Regent Seven Seas.

The company ended 2023 with $8.5 billion of revenues, a 32% increase on the previous year, and returned to full profitability for the first time since 2019 thanks to full occupancy, higher prices and substantially lower costs.

President and chief executive Harry Sommer called 2023 ‘a momentous year of growth and achievement’ with the firm having taken delivery

Sector Report: Cruise operators

of three new ships, the most in a single year since it was founded in 1966.

Sommer also said Norwegian had entered 2024 at ‘all-time highs in our booked position and pricing’ with year-end advance ticket sales of $3.2 billion, a new company record and 56% above the level of the end of 2019.

Analysts at Morningstar said in a research note: ‘With ships fully deployed at historical occupancy levels, pricing surpassed pre-pandemic levels in 2023 and momentum has persisted into 2024. While Norwegian could intermittently see pricing competition in periods of macroeconomic distress, we believe its freestyle offering and attractive itineraries will keep passengers engaged with the brand.’

Although it is primarily known for its films and theme parks, US entertainment giant Disney (DIS:NYSE) operates its own cruise business which, like its rivals, enjoyed a highly successful 2023 thanks to strong demand and higher ticket prices.

The group has six ships, all with a much more classical design than their larger rivals and all designed to appeal to families, bringing elements of the theme parks to sea in addition to story elements from films by Walt Disney Animation studios and Pixar such as ‘Frozen’ and ‘Star Wars’.

In Europe, one of the larger companies in the sector is TUI Group (TUI) which operates 16 ships under three brands, TUI River Cruises, Hapag-Lloyd Cruises and Marella Cruises.

Over-50s travel and insurance group Saga (SAGA) also operates a cruise business and said it had ‘an outstanding year’ in 2023, with the trend set to continue this year thanks to ‘robust’ bookings.

The firm is expecting ocean cruise revenue to be up around 30% for the year to January 2024 while its river cruise business is expected to return to underlying profit for the first time since the pandemic.

However, the future of the cruise division is up in the air as Saga weighs its options to reduce its escalating £650 million debt pile.

By Sabuhi Gard Investment Writer

Saving for the future: Why cash won’t cut it

Cash deposits might seem a safe way to save. But if you hold onto cash for long periods, it can pose a serious risk to your wealth.

Cash savings accounts are extremely useful ways of setting aside money to use for short-term spending or emergencies. They are also familiar and reassuring: after all, the cash is somewhere secure.

But in fact for longer-term goals – such as buying property, paying for education or saving for retirement – cash is not so smart. Over time. cash savings are riskier than other forms of investment. This is because cash is less likely to keep pace with inflation, meaning your overall wealth could fall.

For the past 30 years inflation around the world has averaged at well over 5% per year1. With inflation at 5%, a bunch of flowers which cost $20 one year would cost $21 the next.

Unless your savings deliver returns of 5% or more, you are losing money.

INFLATION IS ONLY ONE ENEMY OF CASH: TIME IS THE OTHER

Many countries aim to keep inflation low, for example at a target of 2%. A low figure like 2% or 3% may not seem harmful over the short term. But over longer periods the harm to your wealth can be great, even where the inflation rate is modest.

In real life, the rate of inflation is different for all the different goods and services that you buy. In many parts of the world the costs of healthcare and housing, for example, have gone up faster than the prices of other items.

CASH SAVINGS? YOU COULD BE VULNERABLE IF EVERYDAY ESSENTIALS RISE SHARPLY IN PRICE

If inflation is especially high for essentials, then savers who depend on cash for their future spending could face difficulties.

In 2022, a difficult year when world trade was being disrupted by the aftermath of the pandemic and the outbreak of conflict in Ukraine, global inflation averaged 8% across all goods measured.

But the 8% figure concealed some more unpleasant truths. Food inflation averaged 12%, and energy inflation averaged 14%1. In some countries it was far higher.

With food inflation at 12%, the amount of food you can buy for every $1 will be almost halved in five years. After 10 years your $1 will buy just one third of the original amount.

BUT SURELY IF I EARN A GOOD RATE OF INTEREST ON MY CASH I CAN BEAT INFLATION?

Cash earns interest on deposit and that can help in the fight against inflation. However not all accounts

Assumes no cash interest is earned on the original deposit

Source: Schroders

1Source: The World Bank. A Global Database of Inflation (worldbank.org)

pay attractive rates of interest all the time. And during periods when savings rates are high, inflation tends to be higher too.

So just how easy is it to beat inflation with cash? We looked back over almost 100 years of historical returns to discover exactly what the likelihood is that your cash will beat inflation if you saved for ANY period of one year, three years, five years or ten years. And this is what we found.

% CHANCE OF BEATING INFLATION IF YOU SAVE IN EITHER CASH OR SHARES – OVER DIFFERENT TIMEFRAMES

Cash Shares

Source: Stocks represented by Ibbotson® SBBI@US Large-Cap Stocks, cash by Ibbotson® SBBI® (30-Day) Treasury Bills, data January 1926December 2022. Morningstar Direct, accessed via CFA Institute and Schroders. 612040

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

This communication is marketing material. The views and opinions contained herein are those of the named author(s) on this page, and may not necessarily represent views expressed or reflected in other Schroders communications, strategies or funds.

This document is intended to be for information purposes only and it is not intended as promotional material in any respect. The material is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. The material is not intended to provide, and should not be relied on for, accounting, legal or tax advice, or investment recommendations. Information herein is believed to be reliable but Schroder Investment Management Ltd (Schroders) does not warrant its completeness or accuracy.

The data has been sourced by Schroders and should be independently verified before further publication or use. No responsibility can be accepted for error of fact or opinion. This does not exclude or restrict any duty or liability that Schroders has to its customers under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as

The chart shows that cash has an approximately 60:40 chance of beating inflation, however long you save for. By comparison the likelihood of stock market investments beating inflation increases quickly the longer you invest.

In fact, the likelihood of stock market investments beating inflation reaches 100% for any time period of 20 years.

IF CASH SAVINGS POSE A THREAT TO MY LONGTERM WEALTH, WHAT CAN I DO TO PROTECT MYSELF?

As the chart shows, not all investments are equally likely to lose out to inflation. So one way to safeguard your wealth could be to expose your savings to a range of investments such as shares, bonds, real estate and other alternative assets.

These all generate returns in different ways, and all offer a good opportunity – but not a guarantee – to beat inflation.

Schroders has a range of investment trusts offering attractive alternatives to cash, with the potential for inflation-beating growth over time. Click here to find out more >

amended from time to time) or any other regulatory system. Reliance should not be placed on the views and information in the document when taking individual investment and/or strategic decisions.

Past Performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amounts originally invested. Exchange rate changes may cause the value of any overseas investments to rise or fall. Any sectors, securities, regions or countries shown above are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be considered a recommendation to buy or sell.

The forecasts included should not be relied upon, are not guaranteed and are provided only as at the date of issue. Our forecasts are based on our own assumptions which may change. Forecasts and assumptions may be affected by external economic or other factors.

Is the US in an ‘earnings bubble’ instead of a valuation bubble?

Tech profits are soaring, but the current growth rate may not be sustainable

With the S&P 500 index having made more than 20 new highs this year, questions are being asked over the sustainability of the rally and the earnings growth which appears to be driving it.

Given the market gains have been led by technology – by way of which, Shares noticed the market cap of Microsoft (MSFT:NASDAQ) now eclipses that of the entire UK stock market – comparisons with the bubble of 2000 are inevitable.

Believers in tech will argue the bubble in 2000 was driven largely by unprofitable companies with poor business models, most of which went bust in the subsequent fall-out, whereas today’s rally is driven by highly profitable firms like Microsoft, Meta Platforms (META:NASDAQ) and especially Nvidia (NVDA:NASDAQ).

Therefore, runs the argument, the market can’t be in a bubble because it’s backed up by a mountain of earnings. Strategists at Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan argue the relative valuations of the ‘Magnificent Seven’ are actually lower today than they have been over the last five years.

Fair point, well made, you might say. Isn’t it possible though that rather than valuations being in a bubble, earnings themselves are in a bubble?

In the run-up to the great financial crisis, banks were clearly ‘over-earning’ relative to their natural growth rate thanks to clever financial engineering and a credit bubble caused by lending money to anyone with a pulse.

The same could be said of mining companies in the mid-2010s, when China was gobbling up commodities at an unprecedented rate and the price of everything from coal and copper to scrap steel went through the roof.

S&P 500 earnings and forecasts to 2025 vs their long-run trend

In both cases the supra-normal profits turned out to be short-lived and both sectors have since returned to their long-run ‘trend’ growth rates, which are pedestrian to put it mildly.

While the spectacular share price gains for stocks like Nvidia have so far been backed up by their earnings, is this really sustainable in the long run?

Ian Hartnett of Absolute Strategy Research suggests there is ‘a risk the market is engaging in its own Generative-AI ‘hallucination’ about how long these AI-related supra-normal sales and earnings can persist’.

Using S&P’s own data, fullyear 2024 and 2025 earnings estimates for the S&P 500 are $218 and $250 respectively, with tech stocks expected to contribute roughly 24% of the total in both years against 20% last year and around 18% pre-pandemic.

In other words, there is an awful lot riding on the assumption earnings, which are already well above historic norms, will be able to stay there.

Chart: Shares magazine • Source: S&P Global

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Barings Emerging EMEA Opportunities (BEMO)

Adnam El-Araby, Investment Manager

EMEA

Barings Emerging EMEA Opportunities (BEMO): The Company’s investment objective is to achieve capital growth, principally through investment in emerging and frontier equity securities listed or traded on Eastern European, Middle Eastern and African (EMEA) securities markets.

City of London Investment Trust (LON:CTY)

Job Curtis, Portfolio Manager

The Company’s objective is to provide long-term growth in income and capital, principally by investment in equities listed on the London Stock Exchange. The City of London Investment Trust plc has been awarded the AIC Dividend.

North American Income Trust (LON:NAIT)

Fran Radano, Senior Investment Manager

The objective of the Company is to provide investors with above average dividend income and long term capital growth through active management of a portfolio consisting predominately of dividend paying US equities.

Early bird ISA investors swoop on £19,000 gain

The end of the tax year is well known for being ISA season, when savers and investors rush to beat the 5 April deadline to make the most of their £20,000 annual ISA contribution.

But in the background a hardy bunch of investors are just biding their time at the beginning of April, waiting for the new tax year to roll around, so they can pounce on their new ISA allowance as soon as it becomes available. These ‘early bird’ ISA investors make the most of the tax protections afforded by the ISA wrapper, but they also typically benefit from being invested in the market for longer too.

GETTING IN EARLY

An early bird ISA investor who saved £5,000 into an ISA on the first day of every tax year since 1999

would today have £19,259 more than a last-minute ISA investor, based on investment returns from the average global equity fund. These investors have saved precisely the same amount into an ISA, but that extra year of investment, when compounded over time, makes an awful lot of difference. It equates to almost four additional years of contributions in this example.

Early birds might not always get lucky. But even if you happen to invest at a dreadful time, in the long term you can still expect to come up smelling of roses if you put money to work in the market sooner rather than later. Early bird ISA investors in April 2008 would have had to watch their investment plummet by 23% over 12 months as the financial crisis rocked the global stock market. Even so, by following the same strategy each year, early birds

The benefits of being an early bird ISA investor

Based on a £5,000 ISA contribution made on the first or last day of each tax year into the IA Global Sector average

Table: Shares magazine

The benefits of using your tax-free allowance straight away

Personal Finance: Early bird ISA investor

Avoiding dividend tax by being an early bird

starting their £5,000 a year investment plan in 2008 would now be £13,585 ahead of comparable last minute ISA investors.

USING THE FULL ALLOWANCE STRAIGHT AWAY

Looking at DIY investors on the AJ Bell platform, it’s noticeable how many early bird ISA investors use all of their ISA allowance right away. In the last two

years 36% of early bird ISA investors used all their ISA allowance immediately in April. This compares to more like 5% in other months of the year.

This suggests there is a significant cohort of investors who have cash or investments burning a hole in their pocket each year that they want to get tucked up in a tax shelter as soon as possible. Doing so at the beginning rather than at the end of the tax year means protecting investments from dividend and capital gains tax for an extra 12 months. Hence why these early bird ISA investors are keen as mustard to use their allowance as soon as the new tax year rolls around.

This early bird tax advantage could be especially valuable this year seeing as the dividend allowance is being cut to £500. If you’re already using the £500 allowance elsewhere, a £20,000 early bird contribution invested in a portfolio yielding 4% would save a higher rate taxpayer £270 in dividend tax compared to a last-minute ISA investor holding the same portfolio outside the tax shelter until the end of the year. Many people leave their ISA contribution to the end of the tax year as they don’t have the money available right away. But those who do might find themselves quids in by getting a wiggle on.

By Laith Khalaf AJ Bell Head of Investment Analysis

Table: Shares magazine • Source: AJ Bell, based on a £20,000 portfolio yielding 4%, assuming all dividends are paid within the tax year

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Disney 1: Nelson Peltz 0. Are activist investors losing their magic touch?

Companies want to fix issues without external parties meddling with their strategy

Nelson Peltz’s failure to get a seat on the board of directors at Disney (DIS:NYSE) has raised the question: are activist investors losing their touch?

Peltz might have enjoyed success with earlier campaigns at Kraft Heinz (KHC:NASDAQ) and Wendy’s (WEN:NASDAQ), yet he sits alongside big names such as Pershing Square’s (PSH) Bill Ackman where campaigns have not gone their way.

Peltz wanted to shake up Disney and prioritise areas such as cost cutting, making the streaming operations profitable, improving the quality of output from its film studios and finding a successor to chief executive Bob Iger.

Investors did not feel they needed Peltz to have a seat at the table given the share price had already risen by 50% in the six months before the proxy vote on 3 April.

Disney’s results in February contained enough nuggets to convince the market Iger’s recovery plan was working. Earnings are growing, shareholders are getting a much bigger dividend, the streaming business is on track to become profitable this fiscal year, it is investing to grow theme park revenues and a big cost cutting exercise is underway. Who needs an activist in this situation?

STAYING ONE STEP AHEAD

Peltz has been fairly vocal about his desire to fix Disney so perhaps this criticism was enough to spur Iger into making changes. Sometimes companies like to get one step ahead of an activist so they can take all the credit and not act like sheep, guided by an activist sheepdog into taking a new path.

Activist investor Elliott recently popped up on the shareholder register of Scottish Mortgage (SMT), a popular investment trust with UK investors which has gone from trading at a premium to net asset value to languishing at a discount.

It seems to have been more than a coincidence that Scottish Mortgage a week earlier had declared a £1 billion share buyback. One has to wonder if it got wind of Elliott building a stake and rushed out the buyback news because that was exactly what an activist would have demanded anyway.

ACTIVISTS VERSUS CORPORATE RAIDERS

A paper published in the Yale Law Journal two years ago explored the idea that corporate raiders break things while activists fix them and concluded conventional wisdom was wrong – actually it is

activist investors who are more likely to destroy value not corporate raiders.

Corporate raiders buy entire companies and have unrestricted access to non-public information which means they can do a deep dive to see if it is worth changing the target’s business strategy. In contrast, activists take minority stakes and have limited information, says the paper.

Bill Ackman became an activist investor in JC Penney and insisted that the company stopped discounting goods and running clearance sales. The strategy shift backfired, revenue fell by a quarter and the share price sank.

In 2013, Peltz launched an activist campaign at PepsiCo (PEP:NASDAQ) demanding it buy Mondelez (MDLZ:NASDAQ) and split the group into two businesses, one focused on drinks and the other on food. PepsiCo rejected the proposal and stuck to its knitting. Three years later, Peltz sold out. While he did not get what he wanted, he was still a winner as he had made a 50% return on his investment.

One could argue he has already cleaned up with Disney, even though he did not get a seat on the board. Peltz’s Trian vehicle built up a position in late 2022 when the stock traded around $90 per share.

It is now trading at $118. Even though that only implies a small paper profit, it adds up to hundreds of millions of dollars given the size of Trian’s stake in the business.

TRACKING THE LATEST TARGETS

Whether or not activists still have the magic touch, it still pays to monitor targeted companies. Dr Martens (DOCS) is among the latest names to find itself in the firing line after seeing its share price fall by 75% since floating in 2021.

Marathon Partners has bought more than five million shares in the bootmaker and demanded the company consider strategic options such as putting itself up for sale. The publication of Marathon’s letter gave a boost to Dr Martens’ share price as investors speculated it could the catalyst for change.

It is better to consider each situation on a caseby-case basis, judging by the performance of a US-listed exchange-traded fund which invests in companies targeted by activists.

As of 4 March 2024, the Leadershares Activist Leaders ETF (ACTV:NYSEARCA) had stakes in names such as internet domain registrar GoDaddy (GDDY:NYSE), asset manager Janus Henderson (JHG:NYSE), music streaming platform Spotify (SPOT:NYSE) and Burger King owner Restaurant Brands (QSR:NYSE).

While the ETF is a useful way of spotting activist targets, its performance has not matched the broader market. Since launch on 26 October 2020, the fund has returned 41% versus 54% from the S&P 500, although admittedly that is not a long period by which to judge performance trends.

Activists may give the impression they care deeply about a company and want to fix broken entities, but deep down they are just looking for ways to make money. Their suggestions are often mere common-sense business decisions and sometimes it just takes public criticism to focus the mind of a board or a chief executive.

The role of activists can be rewarding in the long term if they identify the right things to fix, just do not expect everything they touch to turn to gold.

Why am I getting less income from my pension pot despite setting a fixed monthly amount?

A freeze in the personal allowance means more people are now liable for income tax

I have been taking a fixed income of £500 a month from my pension drawdown pot. I have not changed this amount, yet this month’s income is a lot lower. Why is that?

Florence

Rachel Vahey, AJ Bell Head of Public Policy, says:

Let’s start by looking at how pension income is taxed.

When first taking pension benefits, usually you are able to take up to 25% of your pension pot as a tax-free cash lump sum up to a certain limit known as the lump sum allowance.

The rest will be paid as income – either as drawdown income, a scheme pension or through buying a lifetime annuity.

Generally, the money you take from your pension pot is treated in the same way as income from

employment and is taxed like any other earned income you receive.

The only difference between a pension income and a worker’s income is national insurance contributions are never paid on any pension income, even if the person is under the state pension age, which is currently 66 for both men and women.

The pension or annuity provider will deduct the income tax due on the pension payments through the PAYE system, using the tax code provided to them by HMRC.

If the provider has not yet received a tax code, then they will have to deduct income tax using either the tax code on a P45 form or an emergency tax code. Any overpaid tax can be sorted out, usually by adjusting a future tax code.

Over the last two years, the state pension has increased significantly”

Most people also receive a state pension, which does not have tax taken off before being paid out. Instead, HMRC takes it into account when working out the tax code to give to the pension provider to apply to pension income.

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Over the last two years, the state pension has increased significantly thanks to the triple lock guarantee and this April the new state pension rises by 8.5% to £221.20 per week which is equivalent to £11,502 a year.

However, the personal allowance – the amount you can earn without paying any income tax – has remained at its current level of £12,570.

This means a bigger share of your personal allowance is being taken up by the state pension, leaving less of the allowance to count against other income including pension income.

The income tax paid on pension income is therefore increasing, meaning a smaller amount being paid out to a pension saver who is on or has opted for a fixed income.

Some may feel disheartened at seeing their regular pension income fall – after all the cost of food, energy, rent and other items is still rising not falling – but this is because they are paying more income tax as their overall income has risen.

The government has said the personal allowance

and other tax thresholds will be fixed up to and including the 2027-28 tax year.

Therefore, the state pension would only need to increase by around 4.5% next year and the year after for it to be worth about the same as the personal allowance by the 2026-27 tax year, meaning all additional income, including from private pensions, would be fully taxed.