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man, 5 y›l boyunca satamad› ve bocalama evresine girdi. 1938’de ise DC Comics taraf›ndan bir süper kahraman olarak insanl›¤›n hizmetine girdi. Nietzsche’nin Ubermensch (üstün insan)’›na benzetildi. Zaman içerisinde güçleri artt› ama küçük de¤ifliklikler olsa da Amerikan bayra¤›n› simgeleyen mavi-k›rm›z› renklerden oluflan bildi¤imiz taytl› kostümü hep sabit kald›. Asl›nda, ilk efsane olan Superman’den de anlayabilece¤imiz en önemli unsur çizgi roman›n tam bir Amerikan icad› oldu¤u… Okumaktan çok izlemeyi tercih eden Amerikan kültüründe sineman›n popülerleflmesine kadar, en önemli e¤lenceydi diyebiliriz. Superman’in yaratt›¤› etki, arkas›ndan birçok kahraman› getirdi. Bunlar›n bafl›nda deneme çizimlerinde bir kaç macerada Superman’e yard›mc› olan Batman geliyordu. Yard›mc› rol tutunca, o da süper kahramanlar listesinde yerini ald›.
TEKSAS TOMM‹KS’‹ B‹LMEYEN VAR MI? Ülkemizde ebeveynler taraf›ndan ‘Teksas-Tommiks’ olarak adland›r›lan çizgi roman kültürü, hep kötü bir al›flkanl›k olarak görüldü. Anneler babalar hatta ö¤retmenler onlarla y›llarca mücadele etti… Çok sonradan çizgi romanlar›n, hayal gücünü gelifltiren önemli bir etkinlik oldu¤u anlafl›ld›. Çizgi romanla, çocuklar›n okumaya e¤lenceli bir bafllang›ç yapt›¤› ve hatta bunun
TURKISH COMIC BOOK HEROES G Abdülcanbaz:
Turhan Selçuk began drawing the series named after the protagonist in 1957 for Milliyet daily. G Tarkan: Created by Sezgin Burak, the series takes the name from the mythical Hun warrior. It was very different than its precedents in terms of narrative and drawing techniques. Having begun its life on 14 April 1967 in Hürriyet daily, Tarkan was famous with his motto: “Leap up, wolf!’” G Karao¤lan: Created by Suat Yalaz, the historical cartoon magazine was first published on 1 April 1963 in Turkey. Published by various houses in time, for the last time in the 2000’s. Before becoming a magazine, it had first been published on 3 January 1962 in Akflam daily. G Yüzbafl› (Captain) Volkan: Created by Ali Recan, the series was concerned on the adventures of a young pilot in the Turkish Naval Forces and was first published in 1970. G fiehir Köpe¤i (Urban Dog): Murat Bozkurt created this cartoon hero and his adventures in an Istanbul of wild setting. G Muhlis Bey: The legendary figure created by Behiç Pek and Latif Demirci for G›rg›r magazine. G Utanmaz Adam (Shameless Man): In 1959, the Turkish cartoon reader was introduced to a comic cartoon hero and an independent magazine named after him: the Shameless Man by O¤uz Aral. G Avanak Avni (Avni the Fool): The famous cartoon character designed by O¤uz Aral for G›rg›r. humanity as a super hero. He was compared to Nietsche’s Ubermensch. His powers improved in time, but his blue-red tight costume that symbolized the USA flag remained the same despite small modifications. As could be understood from the Superman example, the main feature of the comic books, in fact, is that they are an authentic American invention. They served the American culture, which prefered watching over reading, as the primary source of entertainment until cinema
gained popularity. The trend initiated by Superman was continued with many other heroes. Batman, who assisted Superman in several adventures during the SANT‹GRAT 65