12.2
Target 12.2: Material footprint
Indicator 12.2.1 is material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP.
Responses 1. Building in the form of modular system concept to emphasize more on open spaces and minimized over-usage of materials. 2. Window are emphasized to increase natural lighting being diffused into the space, reducing the amount of artificial lighting. 3. Use of conventional lighting such as T5 fluorescent lighting and LED lighting that are energy and cost efficient. 4. Implemented rainwater harvesting, to optimize water usage and eliminate usage of portable water. 5. Exposed exterior finishing to reduce overall material footprint.
Challenges Inefficient and insufficient research of usage and choices of material with high environmental effect poses a challenge to the designer as they are unaware of the insufficient and inefficient amount of choices of materials that are recyclable, biodegradable and reusable hence, creating a big impact on the material consumption.
Contributions Usage of pre-stressed concrete. The load-bearing characteristics of the building structure are reduced when prestressed concrete is used. Prestressed concrete leads to a more sustainable conclusion by emitting fewer dangerous chemicals that threaten our health and the environment. Steel and bare concrete are used less frequently, highlighting the need of maintaining an environmentally friendly atmosphere. The overall steel and beams are able to be recycled which reduces the material footprint for future projects. Figure 7.1 how pre-stressed concrete was used as the principal construction material to maintain the structure and increase the building's tensile strength without the need of unnecessary steel beams.
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