Continuo Public Toilet

contínuo

P U B L I C T O I L E T D E S I G N E D B Y R A I S A M A R A N T A

DESIGN STUDIO 3 MIDTERM REPORT

Submitted by Raisa Maranta Saika 21512183

Lecturer

Ir. Wiryono Raharjo, M. Arch., Ph. D.

Assistant Lecturer

M. Kemal Adro, S. Arch.

STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY

I, the undersigned, declare that the work contained is my own work. It has not previously been submitted for any assessed qualification. I certify that the use of material from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged in the text.

Name : Raisa Maranta Saika

Student ID : 21512183

Project : Public Toilet Design for Design Studio 3

Raisa Maranta Saika

ABSTRACT

Defecating and urinating are basic human needs. As humans, we cannot go through the day without urinating or defecating These activities can occur anytime and anywhere When the time comes, we must find an adequate place, a toilet with good facilities so our activities can run smoothly. However, sometimes it is difficult to find toilet with adequate facilities. Most toilets have a poor level of safety and hygiene Whereas those are two factors that play an important role in providing comfort for us as users

Other conditions are long queues that can reduce our comfort while using toilets Users inside will be worrying about the sounds and smell from their activities can make others feel uncomfortable. While it is burdensome for people who queue to wait for other people inside the toilet for a long time since it is an unbearable condition. It’s even worse when it comes to privacy issues from snooper. Our business that was supposed to be a private business, but was instead used by snooper for their satisfaction, which is very detrimental for toilet users This crime can happen if the toilet has a bad security system

Therefore, this project aims to create public toilets with facilities that are able to meet and guarantee users privacy and comfort by providing toilets that have separated cubicle area between men and women, so it can reduce the chance of snooping Separated cubicles also can increase user comfort since it can divide queue lines. As designers, we also need to consider about the placement of each cubicle area in aims to create an area that is easily accessible for all user categories, from men and women, pregnant women and lactating mothers, to elderly, disable, and difable people Ease of access is important because every user categories needs adequate public facilities. This ease of access can be created from clear placement between one area and another, clear sign that shows the user categories, and accessible path especially for elderly, disable, difable people, and pregnant women.

Because of many facilities that must be met in designing a public toilet, an in depth study of the design precedent must be carried out on how they create a public toilet that is able to guarantee all of the above important things In addition to the things that need to be considered above, the next thing that need to be considered is regarding about human spatial behavior for each categories so users could use and access the facilities in the toilets conveniently In terms of anthropometrics, toilets for elderly, disable and difable people need larger space than toilets for men and women. Toilets for men and women also needs to be separated based on theory of proxemics that explained about the distance or proximity between people in the space. Here, Contínuo Public Toilet designed to met the standard and guarantee user needs so they can defecate and do their business safely and comfortably without any worry.

Keywords: public toilet, privacy issues, private business, snooper, men, women, elderly, disable, difable, pregnant women, lactating mothers.

PROJECT BRIEF 01

ISSUE AND PROBLEMS

Public toilet is where we as users do our personal business. But sometimes, in many public toilets, the business we do are not really 'private'. There are still many public toilets that do not meet the standards and frequent peeking occurs which makes level of user trust decrease. Another privacy issue can also come from long queues when we are using the toilet. Our comfort will reduce when we know that someone else is waiting, we are afraid that the business we are doing will cause unpleasant sounds and smells.

DESIGN GOALS

The main goals is to create a private public toilet for user.

PRECEDENT STUDIES

Salisbury Garden Restroom is a public toilet that loca in Salisbury Garden, Hong Kong. This is an interes public toilet because the use of one main material, tim fins that can give strong impression on building facad

This public toilet al bl t t b d b t public and priv surrounding (e.g. While on the ent create enclosure Garden Restroom existence of vertic the side of the ma

PUBLIC TOILET PRECEDENT STUDY

Salisbury Garden Restroom Hong Kong

Source from archdaily.com

The Salisbury Garden Restroom also considers facilities for disable and diffable people by providing

Source from archdaily com

MODULAR SYSTEM PRECEDENT STUDY

Penda Unveils Design for Tel Aviv Tower has different columns arrangement compared to other buildings in general. Penda has designed a tower with facade made of brick arches and modular terrace with its columns repetition that able to create a curvilinear shape. Instead of retaining windows, this tower has long terrace or balconies that can shade each other.

Source from archdaily.com

CONCLUSION

Public toilets should be in a place that can be easily find in terms of placement and/or with a clear sign which makes it easier for people to recognize, or have a building form and color that distinguishes it from other building as example in the Salisbury Garden Restroom.

In addition, public toilets must also be able to guarantee user privacy and able to make users feel safe and comfortable which can be achieved by providing a 'close' toilet room with facilities that meet standards and provide facilities for users with special needs.

It would be nice if public toilets were not only as place for users to complete their personal business, but also could provide an interesting atmosphere related to the architecture of the building by designing attractive form and/or facade and the use of combination materials or only focus on certain materials.

DESIGN ANALYSIS AND EXPLORATION

Proxemics

Proxemics is the study of space and how we use it, how it makes us feel more or less comfortable, and how we arrange objects and ourselves in relation to space. In short, it is about how people will use a space.

In public toilet, the proximity between each person is highly need to be considered. It is in terms of the arrangement between toilet fixtures and how the area can be used for interaction between user based on the intimacy levels

HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND SPACE ANALYSIS

Anthropometric and Ergonomics

Anthropometric is systematic measurement of the physical properties of the human body While ergonomics involves incorporating anthropometric data to improve people's interactions with products, systems, and environments.

In public toilet, anthropometric is about the size of area for cubicle, the fixtures, and the people's movement circulation inside the area.

ROOM PROGRAMMING

Function Room Capacity Amount

Size Standard (m) Circulation (20%) Total Round Percentage (%) Length Width

Cubicle 1 5 1.8 1.2 54 583.2 584 58400

Male Toilet

Urinal Area 1 1 0 8 0 4 1 6 0 512 0 5 50 Wastafel Area 1 5 0 8 0 6 12 28 8 29 2900

Female Toilet

Disable/Difable /Elderly

Cubicle 1 5 1 8 1 2 54 583 2 584 58400 Wastafel Area 1 5 0 8 0 6 12 28 8 29 2900

Cubicle 1 1 2.5 2.5 31.25 195.3125 195 19500 Wastafel Area 1 1 0 8 0 6 2 4 1 152 1 2 120

Nursery Room Room 2 1 2 2 2 5 55 605 600 60000 Wastafel Area 1 1 0 8 0 6 2 4 1 152 1 2 120

BUILDING

MATERIAL AND MODULAR SYSTEM

A modular product design is a design plan consisting of several separate modules that can be easily disassembled and installed and configured The modular design has a generally simple form and can easily adapt to user needs. From precedent studies, I conclude that I want to use bricks as main material for my public toilet design

WHY USE BRICKS?

Bricks can be costly, but it's a sensible investment that pays off. Interior walls made of bricks help adjust the building's temperature, as they store heat and cool air. In winter, the walls offer warmth, while on a hot summer day they have a cooling effect. This creates a pleasant indoor climate, which means healthy building.

Besides comfort, a building made of bricks also has some financial advantages. Brickwork cost less in the long run, because they need less energy for heating. Finally, it is also very beneficial that building made of bricks are often more attractive and attract higher values. This is down to, among other factors, the excellent properties relating to energy consumption and indoor climate, and in addition, bricks building are already associated with better quality

Bricks has very less tensile strength and cannot be used in high seismic zone. In construction, bricks takes more time The rough surface of bricks also may cause mold growth if not properly cleaned. Color of bricks will changes when exposed to sun for a long period of time.

Advantages Disadvantages

MODULAR STRUCTURE.

The bricks laying with two methods, running and modular screen. Bricklaying with two different techniques aims to provide clear boundaries for the private space.

(1) running

(2) modular screen

DESIGN CONCEPT 04

DESIGN

FOR

EXPLORATIO

b e Repetition and union of blocks

TERRACE

SPACE ARRANGEMENT

Bubble Diagram

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING AND MODELING

Men Cubicle Area

Women Cubicle Area

South Elevation

Elevation

West Elevation

Section 06 Nursery Room

modular bricks

Clean Water System

Clean water will be supplied from PDAM or government's water company. Then water will go to the water tank and distribute to each cubicles

PLUMBING SCHEME

city's drainage system

Grey and Black Water System

Black water will flow from cubicle to septic tank, while grey water go directly to infiltration well.

The toilets are intentionally made in a few meter height from the ground to make it stands out so it can be easily found from any side

Disable/difable/elderly toilet and nursery room use ramps instead of stairs to make it easier for users to access the cubicle

Sitting area with lower elevation than the ground, to help create stand out impression for toilet cubicles

sitting toilet cubicle

squat toilet cubicle

elderly/disable/difable toilet

nursery room

Here are some documentation of 3D manual modeling in terms of design form exploration and modular structure

MODELING PROCESS

REFERENCES

Pedoman Standar toilet umum Indonesia. (n.d.). Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://asosiasitoilet indonesia.org/wp content/uploads/2021/03/Pedoman Standard Toilet Umum Indonesia.pdf.

Rose House by Baracco Wright Acrhitects. Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://www archdaily com/916601/rose house baracco plus wright architects

Garden Restroom by LAAB Architects. Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://www.archdaily.com/913557/garden restroom laab architects

Garden Restroom by LAAB Architects. Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://www archdaily com/913557/garden restroom laab architects

Cascading Brick Arches Feature in Penda's Residential Tower in Tel Aviv. Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://www.archdaily.com/896854/cascading brick arches feature in pendas residential tower in tel aviv

Penda Unveils designs for Tel Aviv tower wrapped in modular arcades. Retrieved September 8, 2022, from https://www.dezeen.com/2018/07/02/penda tel aviv arcades tower architecture/

Understanding Proxemic through Restrooms. Retrieved October 29, 2022, from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=comm theatre pubs