SUGARCANE CONFERENCE 2017 IN CONJUNCTION WITH WORLD PLANTATION CONFERENCES AND EXHIBITION 2017 (WPLACE2017) Bali Nusa Dua Convention Center (BNDCC), Bali October 18th - 20th, 2017
The Application of Sugarcane Trash Management on Manual Harvesting and Its Impact on Sugarcane Productivity Sandi Gunawan*, Syahrial Koto and Purnomo Aji Jengkol Sugar Research Center, Perkebunan Nusantara X, Ltd. Jengkol, Plosokidul, Plosoklaten, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia 64175 *Corresponding author email : sgunawan19@gmail.com
ABSTRACT Burning sugarcane trash (tops and dry leaves) is a common practice on ratoon cane management in Indonesia after manual harvesting, due to difficulties of further cane cultivation if the trash is not being removed. Whereas the effect of burning trash gives negative impact on soil fertility and sugarcane productivity in the long term. The study described the technique of sugarcane trash management, that was the technique for retaining sugarcane trash in the field as a source of in situ organic matter. The application of sugarcane trash management included : 1. Shredding the trash after harvest using rotary mulcher implement attached to 90 HP tractor which to reduce the size of trash to accelerate the trash decomposition rate and minimize risk of rats attack, 2. Arranged the shredded trash in to 2-1-2 system (2 interrow empty from the trash and 1 interrow containing the trash) using hay rake implement. The usage of this method showed that the next cane crop cultivation processes, included off-baring+1 st fertilization, subsoiling, off-baring+2nd fertilization and deep subsoiling can be done. Further more, sugarcane trash management and retention had a direct positive impact on soil fertility, although not significantly increase sugarcane productivity in the short term. Keywords : Sugarcane, Trash Management, Ratoon Management, Organic Matter, Soil Fertility
INTRODUCTION Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a crop that is classified in Graminae family and known as sugar producer. Sugar is a strategic food commodity and included in one of nine staples of Indonesian people. Generally, sugar cane based industry in Indonesia is highly dependent on the supply of sugarcane raw material from sugarcane growers. Subiyono (2014) said that there are two models of sugarcane cultivation or plantation in Indonesia. First, the sugar mill belongs to state-owned enterprise (SOE), especially in Java island, almost all sugarcane raw materials are cultivated by the growers or sugarcane farmers. Sugar mill’s SOE do partnerships with the growers, foster and educate the growers and mill or process the sugarcane become sugar, while growers as supplier of sugarcane raw material. Second, the sugar mill belongs to private-owned company, especially in Sumatera island, sugar mills cultivate and manage their own land sugarcane plantation. Sugar demand definitely increase year by year in line with the population and economic growth. 1