PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
HISTORICAL SOCIETY
HISTORY CULTURE HERITAGE
40th National Conference on Local and National History
24 –26 October 2019 | NM Auditorium, Nationa l Museum of Fine Arts Nationa l Museum of t he Phi lippines, Old Cong ress Bui lding 10 0 0 P. Burgos Street, Ermita, Ma ni la
National Commission for Culture & the Arts – Committee on Historical Research
National Museum of the Philippines
Philippine Social Science Council
Image credits Front cover: Photographs by Ronald B. Escanlar taken at the National Museum of Fine Arts, National Museum of the Philippines. Back cover: Carta general del ArchipieĚ lago Filipino / ChofreĚ y Comp.; reproduced under the direction of Brigadier General A.W. Greely, Chief Signal Officer, U.S. Army, courtesy of the American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, https://collections.lib.uwm.edu/digital/collection/agdm/id/6832/rec/1 accessed 8 October 2019.
40th National Conference on Local and National History
National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research National Museum of the Philippines | Ermita, Manila | October 24–26, 2019
Program and Book of Abstracts
Philippine National Historical Society
National Commission for Culture & the Arts – Committee on Historical Research
National Museum of the Philippines
Philippine Social Science Council
Table of Contents Message of the Director-General, National Museum of the Philippines...................3 Message of the Chairman, National Commission for Culture and the Arts.............4 PNHS Executive Committee and Secretariat..............................................................5 General Instructions to All Paper Presenters, Moderators, and Participants...........6 Conference Program....................................................................................................8 Abstracts of Conference Papers.................................................................................14 Preliminary Chronological List of Jean-Paul Georges Potet’s Works on the Philippines................................................22 List of Papers and Speakers........................................................................................24 PNHS Lifetime Achievement Award for History – Samuel K. Tan..........................26 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teachers 2019................................................30 National Commission for Culture and the Arts.......................................................32 History of the Philippine National Historical Society (1941–2019).........................34 PNHS Conferences Through The Years.....................................................................36 Constitution and By-Laws of the Philippines Historical Society.............................48 Officers of the Philippines National Historical Society............................................49 Officers, Charter Members, and Regular Members of the Philippines Historical Society (1950–1952)....................................................50 PNHS Board of Trustees and Advisory Council (2019)............................................53 PNHS Journal of History Editorial Advisory Boards – Local and International.....55 Publications of the Philippine National Historical Society......................................57 PNHS Conference Circular - Individuals..................................................................62 PNHS Conference Circular - Institutions.................................................................65 Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Memo..................................................68 The 40th National Conference on Local and National History in the News.............69 PNHS Facebook accounts and posters for the 40th National Conference.................71
Cover design and lay-out by Ronald B. Escanlar. Typeset in Minion Pro 11/13 and Helvetica Neue LT Std. Printed by VPC Inked Quill Printing Services 40 Libra St., Cinco Hermanos Subdivision, Marikina City Tel. no. 632.8682.8907 • E-mail: inkedquill2018@gmail.com
Message On behalf of the National Museum of the Philippines, welcome to your national museum! I thank the Philippine National Historical Society Inc. (PNHS) for choosing the National Museum of the Philippines as the venue for its 40th Annual Conference on Local and National History with the theme “History, Culture and Heritage.â€? For many decades, the National Museum has been continuously conducting primary research ranging from the natural sciences to the social sciences, humanities and arts. In recent years, our collaborations with local and international researchers have led to our involvement in two major discoveries in the field of Philippine prehistory: the 709 thousand year-old butchered rhinoceros fossils found in Kalinga and the fossils of the hominin that has been described as Homo luzonensis from Cagayan. In this conference, two of our researchers will be presenting papers on the PiĂąa-Seda travelling textile exhibition that has been to Europe, Asia and the Americas, and on the traditional boat-building techniques used by the ancient boat-builders of Butuan. We will also be sharing the most recent Carbon-14 dates obtained from the preserved remains of five boats excavated since the early 1970s. Having partners like the Philippine National Historical Society makes the pursuit of our mandate easier to achieve as conferences organized by them become avenues for sharing and exchanging knowledge, data and experiences that many academics and practitioners in the various fields of study from history to culture and heritage, as well as teachers and students, look forward to. As always, I invite all of you to visit the buildings of the National Museum of the Philippines complex here in Rizal Park, Manila, and in our various locations around the country, and see for yourselves how this institution can be a partner in your own endeavors as we continue to work to study, understand, present and promote our history and national patrimony. I congratulate the organizers, extend once again my welcome to all the participants, and wish this conference every success! Mabuhay!
JEREMY R. BARNS Director-General National Museum of the Philippines
Mensahe Marubdob na pagbati at pagpupugay sa Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. sa pagdaraos dito ng ika-40 Pambansang Kumperensiya sa Kasaysayang Lokal at Nasyonal! Bilang pinakamatandang samahan ng mga eksperto sa kasaysayan ng bansa, ang PNHS ang nangunguna sa pagsusulong ng mga usapin hinggil sa lokal na kasaysayan at ang pagsasama ng mga ito sa pagbubuo ng kasaysayang Filipino. Isasagawa ng PNHS ang taunang kumperensiya nito ngayong 2019 sa temang “History, Culture, Heritage� bilang pagpapahalaga sa mga pamanang kultural na siyang nagsisilbing patunay ng ating makulay na kasaysayan.
VIRGILIO S. ALMARIO National Artist Chairman
Mapaghambing o komparatibo ang sipat ng kumperensiya. Gamit ang lente ng mga pag-aaral mula sa Asia, Europa, Mexico, at America - mga rehiyon ng mundong lubos ang impluwensiya sa ating kasaysayan, kalinangan, at pamana - ilalatag ng kumperensiya ang mga bagong kabatiran sa pag-aaral ng kasaysayan ng bansa at kung paano ito nakakadagdag sa ating kolektibong kasaysayan at pagkakasari-sari ng ating kalinangan bilang mga Filipino. Gayun din, layon ng kumperensiyang pag-usapan ang mga isyu tungkol sa pangangalaga sa intangible cultural heritage ng bansa at ng kontribusyon ng mga ito sa patuloy na nagbabagong paraan ng paghubog sa kasaysayan ng bansa - isa sa mga pangunahing usaping itinutulak ng NCCA sa mas mataas na diskurso. Pagbati rin sa mga katuwang natin sa gawaing ito: ang Pambansang Museo ng Pilipinas na siyang pangunahing tagapangalaga ng pamana ng bansa, at ang Philippine Social Science Council, Inc., samahan ng mga institusyon at eksperto sa agham panlipunan; mga katuwang na nagbigay ng lubos na suporta sa adhika ng NCCA at PNHS na palalimin pa ang ating kaalaman at ang ating pagpapahalaga sa ating kasaysayan. Mabuhay!
40th National Conference on Local and National History
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY, INC. 40 Matiwasay St., UP Village, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines Tel. (632) 8921-4575 | E-mail: nitachurchill@hotmail.com The Journal of History: http://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=915#view http://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=521 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/#!/groups/PNHS1941/ Website: https://pnhs1941.org 40TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NATIONAL AND LOCAL HISTORY NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS – COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL RESEARCH NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINE SOCIAL SCIENCE COUNCIL NM AUDITORIUM, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES OLD CONGRESS BUILDING 1000 P. BURGOS DRIVE, RIZAL PARK, MANILA OCTOBER 24-26, 2019 EXECUTIVE/ORGANIZING COMMITTEE AND SECRETARIAT Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Ph.D. President and Conference Convener Manuel R. Zamora, Jr. Vice President for Luzon George Emmanuel R. Borrinaga Vice President for the Visayas Domingo M. Non, Ph.D. Vice President for Mindanao Calbi A. Asain, Ph.D. Vice President for Sulu and Tawi-Tawi Marcelino M. Macapinlac, Jr., Ph. D. Secretary Pacita S. Carluen Treasurer Board Members Digna B. Apilado Maria Eloisa P. de Castro, Ph.D. Lorelei D.C. de Viana, Ph.D. Mary Jane Louise A. Bolunia, Ph.D. Grace Liza Y. Concepcion, Ph. D. Regan P. Jomao-as
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General Instructions to All Paper Presenters, Moderators, and Participants SPEAKERS are requested to give no more than a 20-minute presentation of their papers, summarizing only the main points. PLEASE DO NOT READ YOUR PAPER. SESSION CHAIRS AND MODERATORS are expected to STRICTLY MONITOR the time for each paper presenter so we begin and finish as scheduled in the program. We would like to have time for meaningful and fruitful discussions and courteous exchanges of ideas during the open forum. Moderators should not allow lengthy comments in the Open Forum. CONFERENCE FORMAT: All sessions are plenary and will be held at the National Museum Auditorium.
General Instructions to All Participants REGISTRATION FEES: The conference sharing fee is PhP3,500.00. Participants will be provided with a conference kit to include the Book of Abstracts and Program, CD of abstracts and conference papers, official Conference IDs, complimentary PNHS publication, and meal tickets for lunch and two snacks for October 24 and October 25. Breakfasts and dinners, accommodations, and meals during the Lakbay-Aral (Optional, October 26) are not included in the registration fee. The registration fee for undergraduate students (with valid school ID) is PhP1,500.00. The registration fee will be discounted to PhP3,150.00 for PNHS members and Senior Citizens. IDENTIFICATION TAGS: Please wear your Conference IDs all the time. Admission to the sessions will be open ONLY to those who display their IDs, which will be issued only to paid participants and special guests, and official PNHS and NMP Organizing Committee/Secretariat. Meal tickets will be collected at snacks and lunch and only those with PNHS Conference IDs will be served. MERIENDA AND LUNCH: Paid participants will be provided with meal tickets for lunch and 2 meriendas for October 24 and October 25, 2019. Please turn in your meal tickets as you are served lunch and snacks on both days. Please note that all other meals outside the conference days, such as breakfasts and dinners, will be the responsibility of the participants. ATTENDANCE AND CERTIFICATES: All participants are requested to sign the attendance sheets – for morning and afternoon sessions – to be passed around during the Conference. Certificates of Participation and Certificates of Appearance will be distributed by the PNHS Secretariat to participants on the last day of the Conference. OBSERVERS: The Conference is open to observers, including to walk-in students with valid IDs – but they will have to sign up to attend a limited number of sessions, beyond which registration fees will be required. Such observers ARE NOT entitled to any of the conference materials and meals, reserved only for paying participants. Observers are requested to occupy seats reserved at the back of the conference venue. CONFERENCE PAPERS: Conference papers will be provided in CD format to all paid participants. The CD will contain papers that have been submitted to the Organizing Committee by the deadline set by the PNHS Conference Convener. Power Point slides are not included in the CDs and will not be available to participants during the conference. Those who wish to copy these files should request them from the paper presenters.
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LAKBAY-ARAL, SATURDAY, October 26, 2019. Saturday’s Lakbay-Aral is an optional activity for participants and is sponsored by the National Museum of the Philippines. It will be a tour of the National Museum of National History, the National Museum of Fine Arts, and the National Museum of Anthropology. Participants will be requested to sign up for the Guided Tour of their choice among the three Museums. MEMBERSHIP IN THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY: Membership will entitle participants to a 10% discount in registration fees and publications, and will be extended invitations to PNHS Conferences and other events. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND COOPERATION.
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40th NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOCAL AND NATIONAL HISTORY NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL RESEARCH NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINE SOCIAL SCIENCE COUNCIL NM AUDITORIUM, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES, OLD CONGRESS BUILDING 1000 P. Burgos Drive, Rizal Park, Manila OCTOBER 24–26, 2019 CONFERENCE THEME: HISTORY, CULTURE, HERITAGE DAY 1 — THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2019 — 8:00 am – 10:00 am 8:00 am — Registration of Participants Venue: NM Auditorium 9:00 am — Welcome to Conference NCCA Rondalla – Adelina M. Suemith Jeremy R. Barns Director-General, National Museum of the Philippines Ana Maria Theresa P. Labrador Deputy Director-General for Museums Virgilio S. Almario Pambansang Alagad ng Sining para sa Literatura Tagapangulo, Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining National Artist for Literature and Chair, NCCA Bernan Joseph R. Corpuz Puno, Sangay sa Patakaran, Plano at Programa NCCA Chief, Plan/Policy Formulation and Programming Division NCCA Lourdes M. Portus Executive Director Philippine Social Science Council Opening Remarks and Conference Overview Bernardita R. Churchill PNHS President and Conference Convener PNHS Lifetime Achievement Award in History Prof. Dr. Samuel K. Tan Professor of History, Department of History University of the Philippines Diliman Former Chair, National Historical Commission of the Philippines [Award to be read by Anthony D. Medrano]
40th National Conference on Local and National History
Introduction of Participants Grace Liza Y. Concepcion University of Asia and the Pacific PNHS Board of Trustees Member COFFEE BREAK SESSION 1 10:30 am – 12:00 nn Food Literacy in Adult Education of the Philippine Commonwealth, 1937-1946 Felice Prudente Sta. Maria Culinary Historian, Independent Researcher Panel — The National Museum of the Philippines in the 21st Century Southeast Asian Boat Construction in the Philippines at the End of the First Millennium: The Butuan Boats Ligaya S.P. Lacsina Hibla ng Lahing Pilipino: A Peek on the Socio-Cultural Identity of the Filipino People Allan S. Alvarez OPEN FORUM Session Chair and Moderator Mary Jane Louise A. Bolunia National Museum of the Philippines PNHS Board of Trustees Member LUNCH 12:00 pm – 1:00 pm SESSION 2 1:00 pm – 2:30 pm Chinese Vagrants and Social Outcasts in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines Jely A. Galang University of the Philippines Diliman Displaying Indigenous Filipinos: Historiographies of the 1904 St. Louis Fair and Beyond Maria Nela B. Florendo University of the Philippines Baguio Gendering a Japanese Pioneer Narrative of “Savagery”: Violence Committed by Indigenous Peoples towards Japanese Settlers in Davao, 1918-1938 Eri Kitada Rutgers University New Brunswick, New Jersey USA
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OPEN FORUM Session Chair and Moderator Marcelino M. Macapinlac, Jr. De La Salle University Secretary, PNHS Board of Trustees COFFEE BREAK 2:30 pm – 3:00 pm SESSION 3 3:00 pm – 5:00 pm Ang Balagtasan: Kasaysayan at Transpormasyon ng Isang Anyo ng Pangangawitran Galileo S. Zafra Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman Vim Nadera Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman Michael Coroza Unibersidad ng Ateneo de Manila Tagapangulo at Tagapagdaloy Gil G. Gotiangco, Jr. II University of the Philippines PNHS Board of Trustees Member
DAY 2 — FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2019 SESSION 4 8:30 am – 10:00 am Tandaya or Kandaya Puzzle: The Confusion Clarified and the Historical Site Located Rolando O. Borrinaga School of Health Sciences UP Manila at Palo, Leyte History from Below: The Economic Life of Philippine Pearls, 1870-1940 Anthony D. Medrano Yale-NUS College, Singapore A Glimpse of Ilmu’Pagkausug in the Jawi Materials of Sulu Munap H. Hairulla Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan City
40th National Conference on Local and National History
OPEN FORUM Session Chair and Moderator Lorelei D.C. de Viana College of Architecture UP Diliman, UST, PUP PNHS Board of Trustees Member COFFEE BREAK 10:00 am – 10:15 am SESSION 5 10:15 am – 12:00 nn Tagalog and Kapampangan Marriage Customs in the Spanish Colonial Legal Regime (17th-18th c.) Marya Svetlana T. Camacho University of Asia and the Pacific, Pasig City Demographic Constraints to Parental Choice over Marriage Partners in Nineteenth Century San Pablo, Laguna Nicholas Sy University of the Philippines Diliman Jean Paul G. Potet and His Work on the Philippines: Tribute to French Filipinist, Poet, and Author Regalado Trota José Archivo de la Universidad de Santo Tomás OPEN FORUM Session Chair and Moderator Manuel R. Zamora, Jr. Colegio de San Juan de Letrán, Intramuros Vice President for Luzon, PNHS Board of Trustees LUNCH 12:00 pm – 1:00 pm SESSION 6 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm Jose Rizal in the Emotional Landscape of the 20th Century Samar and Leyte George Emmanuel R. Borrinaga University of San Carlos, Cebu City Reviving and Promoting a Town’s Local History Through Kwentuhang Bayan: The Experience of Taguig City Jomar G. Encila Head of Historical Research Office of the Taguig City Mayor
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Filipino Heritage in the Popular: Examples from Villame’s Rhyming Songs to Max Surban’s ‘Kuradang’ Jose S. Buenconsejo College of Music University of the Philippines Diliman OPEN FORUM Session Chair and Moderator Maria Eloisa P. de Castro University of Santo Tomas PNHS Board of Trustees Member CLOSING OF CONFERENCE RECOGNITION OF METROBANK OUTSTANDING TEACHERS AND OUTSTANDING FILIPINOS Metrobank Outstanding Teacher and Metrobank Outstanding Filipino Cristina R. Cristobal Philippine Science High School, Quezon City Recognition of Metrobank Outstanding Teacher Metrobank Outstanding Filipino and Outstanding Quezon City Citizen Ricarto Trota José Professor of History University of the Philippines Diliman [To be accepted by Regalado Trota José] Launching of JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2019 Rolando O. Borrinaga, Issue Editor Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Executive Editor THANKS and APPRECIATION Ana Maria Theresa P. Labrador Deputy Director General National Museum of the Philippines Donation of MSA, PNHS, and PSA Publications for NM Library Bernardita R. Churchill PNHS President and Conference Convener Introduction of the Board of Trustees (2019) Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. ANNOUNCEMENT AND INVITATION PNHS 2020 41st CONFERENCE ON LOCAL AND NATIONAL HISTORY NOVEMBER 2020, SILLIMAN UNIVERSITY Regan P. Jomao-as Chair, History and Political Science Department Silliman University Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
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CULTURAL PROGRAM KONTEMPORARYONG GAMELAN PILIPINO (KONTRA-GaPi) Official ethnic music and dance ensemble, College of Arts and Letters, UP Diliman Official ethnic music and dance ensemble, Commission on Human Rights, Republic of the Philippines MERIENDA CENA
DAY 3 — SATURDAY, OCTOBER 26, 2019 GUIDED TOUR – NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES PLEASE SIGN UP FOR ONLY ONE OF THE THREE NATIONAL MUSEUM BUILDINGS 10:00 am – Assembly at signed-up venue National Museum of Natural History
National Museum of Fine Arts
National Museum of Anthropology
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Abstracts Food Literacy in Adult Education of the Philippine Commonwealth, 1937-1946 Felice Prudente Sta. Maria Culinary Historian, Author Independent Researcher Political leaders desired individual citizens to be capable of handling civic responsibilities once the Philippine Republic became independent of the United States of America. In 1926, political parties jointly created the National Supreme Council that formally voiced concern about adult illiteracy. It desired “a wholly literate population” that would be the “foundation of an intelligent public opinion.” In 1937 the Department of Public Instruction commenced colony-wide adult education to address concerns in literacy, citizenship, occupational and recreational programs, as well as women’s education. Primers on culinary literacy ranging from poultry and hog raising to home economics and cooperative marketing were used side by side with The Book of the Citizen. As the Food and Agricultural Organization emphasizes the crucial role of farming families today, and the World Health Organization warns of transnational foodborne illnesses revisiting the Commonwealth program offers ideas for contemporary strategies. PANEL: THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES IN THE 21ST CENTURY Southeast Asian Boat Construction in the Philippines at the End of the First Millennium: The Butuan Boats Ligaya S.P. Lacsina, Maritime and Underwater Cultural Heritage Division National Museum of the Philippines First recovered in the floodplains of Butuan in the 1970s, the Butuan Boats are a remarkable assemblage of a distinct boatbuilding practice known as the lashed-lug tradition. Evidence of lashed-lug watercraft have been found throughout Southeast Asia and beyond, and evidence of their use extends from as early as the third century until late in the twentieth century. The Butuan Boats, which have been re-dated to between the eighth and tenth centuries, exhibit the obvious characteristics of lashed lug boats, as well as clear differences from one another, from the variety of wood used as well as stylistic and technical execution, as shall be discussed. Hibla ng Lahing Pilipino: A Peek on the Socio-Cultural Identity of the Filipino People Allan Alvarez Museum Researcher, Ethnology Division National Museum of the Philippines In 2012, the National Museum of the Philippines (NMP) in collaboration with the Office of Senator Loren Legarda opened the textile gallery called Hibla ng Lahing Filipino: The Artistry of Philippine Textiles at the Fine Arts building. The exhibition was transferred permanently at the National Museum of Anthropology in 2013. It aimed primarily to showcase the ingenuity of the Filipino weavers as well as honor them for preserving their traditional knowledge in weaving. Woven cloth is a significant symbol of cultural identity as it embodies the different aspects of Filipino life, starting from birth and ending with death. The initial
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exhibition also focused on the similarities rather than the differences among Philippine cultures. It was well received by visitors to the museum which set the tenor for the traveling exhibition component highlighting piña-seda textiles since 2017. The traveling exhibit has been well received too in various parts of the world like UK, US of A, Spain, Germany, Southeast Asia (Singapore, Thailand), Japan at the moment. Chinese Vagrants and Social Outcasts in the Nineteenth-century Philippines Jely A. Galang University of the Philippines Diliman This paper examines the lives and circumstance of working-class Chinese in the Philippines, by focusing on vagrants and outcasts whom the Spanish colonial state considered “dangerous” to the colony’s financial and political stability. It investigates how these unemployed and marginally-employed individuals responded to various political and socio-economic developments that occurred during the nineteenth century. Their collective biography, reconstructed from more than 5,000 criminal cases, reveals how certain state policies contributed to their precarious condition. Their everyday life, however, also conveys how they adapted to their changing material milieu, and resisted various restrictive impositions. Equally important in their struggle for survival were the leaders, institutions, and socio-economic networks within their community. This paper comprises two parts. The first part explores the various transformations in the nineteenth century, which directly affected the Philippines Chinese. It then interrogates how these changes created a vibrant economy for the Chinese in both urban and rural areas. The second part deals with the actors, institutions, and processes involved in the “emergence” of “undesirable Chinese” – vagrants, undocumented, debtors, drunkards, beggars, idlers, and the “suspicious” – by examining particular colonial measures imposed upon the Chinese. It examines how the government utilized the judicial apparatus to define, control, and punish these offenders. At the same time, it stresses the overt and covert strategies of these “criminals” to use the judicial system to their advantage. Using previously unexplored and underutilized archival materials about this particular segment of the Chinese community, and by utilizing a “history from below” methodological approach to these documents, this thesis offers a new perspective on these individuals whose lives are not often revealed in the historical narrative. It also engages in debates on how vast populations of social outcasts in the past were “created,” defined, ostracized, criminalized, and punished by those in authority because of their social condition of unemployment, material deprivation, and sinking status. Displaying Indigenous Filipinos: Historiographies of the 1904 St. Louis Fair and Beyond Maria Nela B. Florendo University of the Philippines Baguio In 1904 on the occasion of the centennial of the Louisiana Purchase, the U.S. government hosted the St. Louis Exposition in Missouri in the tradition of world fairs. It has become a tradition since 1851, when London hosted the first World Fair, for Europeans to showcase technological advancement resulting from the first industrial revolution. A common spectacle of world fairs was the display of sample populations from Europe’s colonies. This was not necessarily divergent from the activities’ intentions. Marieke Bloemberge refers to this as the “anthropological sensation” that educated spectators about “evolutionary lessons on civilization.” As an American colony in 1904, Filipino “human samples” were brought to the St. Louis Fair. The Filipino samples represented an assemblage of America’s subject population which depicted various levels of civilization. My interest in the St. Louis Fair is on the historiographies produced and the myriads of interpretations, the most dominant of which is the post-colonial. This has stemmed from pieces of evidence (from the Bentley Historical Library, Michigan and the Missouri Historical Library) that after the St. Louis Fair, there was a stream of indigenous peoples from the Cordillera who participated in smaller fairs not only in the U.S. but also in Europe.
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Today each ethnic group in the Philippines engages in performances, e.g., festivals, to authenticate ethnicity and identity. Cultural agencies of the Philippines support many of these expressions of ethnicity. How should these performances to authenticate a person’s or a social group’s identity be viewed? There are several schools of thought on how the history of fairs could be understood, which include: a producercentered and audience-centered perspectives, a counterhegemonic perspective, as modern-day latches and as a venue for the production of documentary evidence and writings. (Rydell, Findling, Pelle 2000, 5-7) Gendering Japanese Pioneer Discourse of ‘Savagery’: Non-Christians’ Violence to Japanese Settlers in Davao, 1918-1938 Eri Kitada Rutgers University-New Brunswick New Jersey, USA This paper examines a Japanese pioneer discourse of “native savagery,” looking at Davao in the first half of the twentieth century. Davao was once home to a Japanese settler community of more than 20,000 and to various indigenous groups whom the US colonial government categorized as “uncivilized” “nonChristians.” I closely read Kōji Kamohara’s The History of the Development of Davao by the Japanese (1938) [Dabao hōjin kaitakushi, ダバオ邦人開拓史]. It is an often-cited primary source for the empirical research on the Japanese settlement in Davao and reports the frequent killings of the Japanese by the local indigenous groups. The existing scholarship has touched on such Japanese killings as a typical event in “frontiers,” by following Kamohara’s account. Besides, scholars paid limited attention to the gender aspect of Kamohara’s narrative of “native savagery.” In contrast, I will analyze the imperial discourse on indigenous violence as a locus of the construction of Japanese colonial masculinity and as a window to look into Japanese and US imperial connections. The site of Davao, a Philippine “frontier,” illuminates US and Japanese imperial collaborations rather than their competitions. My examination of pre-World War II Japanese settlement in Davao unravels the intertwined imperialism of the United States and Japan and traces the colonial origins of the minority problems of the postcolonial nation, the Philippines. Ang Balagtasan: Kasaysayan at Transpormasyon ng Isang Anyo ng Pangangatwiran Galileo S. Zafra, Vim Nadera - Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman Michael Coroza - Unibersidad ng Ateneo de Manila Ang balagtasan ay isang anyo ng debate, isang pangangatuwiran sa anyong patula. Nilikha ito ng mga manunulat na Tagalog noong dekada 1920 upang gunitain at parangalan si Francisco Balagtas, isa sa mga pangunahing makatang Tagalog. Naging napakapopular nito noong dekada 1930, at pagkatapos ng digmaan, nakarating na rin ito sa radyo at pahayagan. Hanggang ngayon, may mga balagtasan pa ring itinatanghal ng mga estudyante sa Maynila at iba pang lalawigan tuwing Buwan ng Wika, at ng mga batikang makata sa mga pista at iba pang pagtitipong pampanitikan at pangkultura. Ang balagtasan ay isang bagong anyo ngunit tradisyonal din dahil dumukal ito sa katangian ng mga sinaunang panitikan upang labanan ang paglaganap ng kulturang kolonyal. Sa papel na ito, isasalaysay ang kasaysayan ng paglinang at pag-unlad ng balagtasan, at ilalarawan ang mga katangian nito upang itampok ito bilang anyo ng pangangatuwiran laban sa mga mananakop at itanghal ito bilang paraan ng paggigiit sa kultura at identidad ng mga Filipino sa panahong ang mga estratehiya ng kolonyalismo ay tuso at sopistikado. Sisikapin ding subaybayan ang transpormasyon ng balagtasan sa kasalukuyang panahon. Masasaksihan din ang isang pagtatanghal ng balagtasan.
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Tandaya or Kandaya Puzzle: The Confusion Clarified and the Historical Site Located Rolando O. Borrinaga University of the Philippines Manila at Palo Leyte In the history of Eastern Visayas (Leyte-Samar) Region, “classical colonial scholarship” faced several crucial puzzles and dead-ends that should have underscored its limitation as an approach to interpreting local historical experience. One glaring puzzle was the exact location of Tandaya, one of the three “islands” (aside from Abuyo and Mazaua) of the original Islas Felipinas named as such by Villalobos in 1543. Tandaya had confounded historical writers including Dr. Jose Rizal, our national hero, for centuries. Instead of the being clarified, the Tandaya puzzle was shelved and ignored in Philippine historiographies that mostly turned out to be Manila-centric, focused on the activities of the minority elite, biased towards political and administrative issues, and steeped in “western” concepts and categories of meaning and interpretation. These “western-oriented” historiographies often promoted the mere assimilation of data and facts, and largely neglected the training of students in critical awareness and expansion of their understanding of historical events In recent decades, the academic acceptance of “local history” and “nationalist, Filipino-centric” approaches to interpreting historical events, with their emphasis on generating other “usable” evidence from such “unorthodox” sources as oral accounts, folk literature, kinship networks, etc., provided researchers with opportunities to extract new facets and more “equitable” views (i.e., “class-free” and not limited to elite perception) of our historical experience. In this paper, we adapt the recent approaches to historiography and complement these with data sources used by “classical” historians in providing a new understanding of the Tandaya or Kandaya puzzle in LeyteSamar history. A key source would be the recently discovered full copy of the essay “Tandaya o Kandaya,” originally written in Spanish by Jaime C. de Veyra and first published in 1948. It has turned out that an English translation of limited parts of this essay, published in Leyte-Samar Studies journal decades ago, skipped the numerous documented historical details that could be used in clarifying the confusion and could pinpoint the approximate site of the original Tandaya/Kandaya settlement (not yet the entire island). History from Below: The Economic Life of Philippine Pearls, 1870-1940 Anthony D. Medrano Yale-NUS College Singapore Bodies of water have long shaped the history and heritage of Philippine life. From multispecies migrations to transpacific exchanges, it was the ebb and flow of ocean currents that moved animals, plants, goods, ideas, diseases, and people across the archipelago and the world. Famously, the galleon trade connected Canton, Manila, Acapulco, and Seville in an unprecedented web of global trade from 1571 to 1815. For the waves of galleons, junks, and bangkas that voyaged beyond the shore, Philippine waters worked as natural highways, linking familiar coasts to distant lands in the long age of sail. The afterlife of these early modern movements is visible in today’s tapestry of Philippine cultures: from New World plants such as tobacco, avocado, papaya, chocolate, and pineapple to New World words like tianggui and palenque. And yet while Philippine waters connected societies and enabled circulations, this paper dives below the surface to narrate a different kind of history—a history anchored less in the flow of overseas exchanges and more in the ecology of underwater worlds. Specifically, it charts the economic life of Philippine pearls and how this history of human-oyster interactions laid the groundwork for knowing today’s Sulu Sea as an integral part of the Coral Triangle, the planet’s foremost center of marine biodiversity. By tracing the rise and fall of the country’s iconic pearls from the late nineteenth century to the end of the interwar period, the paper argues that the interplay between science and industry was central to shaping not only the local economic importance of Sulu beds but also, and perhaps more importantly, the global ecological significance of Philippine waters.
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A Glimpse of Ilmu’ Pagkausug in the Jawi Materials from Sulu Munap H. Hairulla Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology The Sulu tradition of Ilmu’ pagkausug, a syncretic of pre-Islamic and Islamic elements, plays a vital role in the development of Sulu society. Yet, it remains unexplored. The study integrates Hapas’ folk Islam and Jundam’s syncretism theory. This paper seeks to answer the meaning of pagkausug as understood by the Tausug, the meaning of ilmu’ pagkausug in terms of spirituality and defense according to the Jawi tradition of Sulu, and the significance of ilmu’ pagkausug in Tausug society. The study employs qualitative and descriptive-expository design. Collection of Jawi materials and interviews were done in the pilot area of study. The study reveals that ilmu’ pagkausug is a spiritual knowledge in attaining wholesome well-being and earning divine favor for surviving in dire situations. In the search and practice of ilmu’ pagkausug, its seekers developed a higher level of consciousness, an essential for a serene society. Collecting Jawi materials in more than 400 Sulu barangays is highly recommended. Tagalog and Kapampangan Marriage Customs in the Spanish Colonial Legal Regime (17th-18th c.) Marya Svetlana T. Camacho University of Asia and the Pacific In the Spanish colonial and Catholic order, marriage as conjugal union came under the jurisdiction of the Church, being simultaneously a contract and a sacrament. Understood thus, Christian marriage introduced new values and meanings aside from new rituals. However, as regards the socioeconomic aspects of marriage, Phelan concluded that pre-Hispanic customs continued in the early period of contact. To make sense of the changes and continuities affecting matrimony, it is necessary to comprehend the legal regimes that governed it, the overall legal plurality that characterized the early modern period in the Hispanic world, and the ways that Filipinos, possessing their own customs and mores while adapting to Christian marriage, negotiated the colonial legal system. This paper examines how Philippine customary law, specifically Tagalog and Kapampangan, pertaining to marriage was dealt with in colonial law. A key starting point was Fr. Juan de Plasencia’s work on the customs of the Tagalog and Kapampangan. Examples of how indigenous matrimonial customs figured in legal proceedings are given, which evince not only the workings of the legal system but also native agency. Moral-legal opinions on matrimonial issues likewise shed light on the perspective taken by canon law and Spanish civil law on customary law and values. Spanish Catholic law proved flexible enough to accommodate indigenous customs that were morally in keeping with it. On the other hand, particularly in the eighteenth century, it made vigorous efforts to curtail those that were not. Demographic Constraints to Parental Choice over Marriage Partners in Nineteenth Century San Pablo, Laguna Nicholas Sy University of the Philippines John Phelan (1959, 64–5), who calls “the Christian ideal of matrimony among the Filipinos” as “one of the most enduring achievements of the Spanish religious,” explains that, to the Catholic Church, the local “twin customs of bride-gift and bride-price . . . smacked of fathers selling their daughters.” The church banned the practice, “insist[ing] that the ultimate decision to marry must be a voluntary act of the couple concerned.” On the one hand, consistent with a subsequent development of individual choice in marriage partners, Raquel Reyes (2008, 14, 26) describes the emergence of nineteenth-century “urban masses” whose “notion of romantic love glorified passion” and was “modeled on the conventions of courtly love in the
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medieval and Renaissance traditions.” The same influence likewise permeated among members of “Manila elite society” who “seemed to embody a set of fundamental tensions between passion on the one hand and religious morality on the other that tempered romanticism” (ibid., 26). On the other hand, Fenella Cannell (1999) has shown that arranged marriages persisted in economically depressed rural Bicol as late as in the twentieth century. The heterogeneity of the above findings suggests a highly uneven and protracted process of change in the adoption of individual choice in marriage decisions. While the above discussion attempts to periodize that process based on evidence of the conscious decision making of individuals and institutions, the present paper nuances the understanding of that process using a structural approach. In San Pablo, Laguna in the twelve months between 1 August 1853 and 31 July 1854, only 41.2 per cent of 332 candidates, whose entries on the parish marriage register recorded the names of both parents, had both parents alive at the time of their marriage. A further 39.8 per cent had lost one parent and 19.0 per cent had already been completely orphaned before marriage. In other words, despite local customs emphasizing parental influence over the choice of marriage partners, more often than not, one or more parents were actually unavailable to exert that influence by the time of their child’s matrimony. Using cross-sectional data from the San Pablo parish marriage registers of 1822-1823, 1853-1854, and 1895, as well as its burial registers from the year 1850-1855, the present paper seeks to measure the presence/ absence of San Pablo parents at the marriage rite during the nineteenth century. It also intends to situate that presence/absence within the era of regular crisis mortality into which the towns of Southern Tagalog were entering during the mid-nineteenth century. By arguing that local descriptions of customs are often more aspirational than actual, this study hopes to contribute to a returning historiographic recognition of the importance of quantitative and demographic approaches to Philippine social history. Jean-Paul G. Potet and His Work on the Philippines Regalado Trota Jose Archivo de la Universidad de Santo Tomás, Manila Jean-Paul G. Potet (born 1939 in France) has devoted much of his life to researching and writing on the Philippines. His research is focused on Philippine philology, especially on the 16th to the 18th centuries. He has contributed much new knowledge on baybayin, as well as on Tagalog numbers, loan words, and other aspects of culture. His works have been published in French and English. He also translated National Artist Lazaro Francisco’s novel Ama (1929) to French (Maîtret Tace, 2009).
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Jose Rizal in the Emotional Landscape of Turn of the 20th Century Samar and Leyte George Emmanuel R. Borrinaga University of San Carlos, Cebu City Much has been written about Rizal as a hero and martyr for the struggle for independence. However, despite the abundance of literature about the person and what he stood for, little has been written about how he was perceived by various communities throughout the country that participated in what came to be known as the Philippine Revolution, the very event which both Rizal’s friends and foes saw as largely inspired by his works and writings and for which he was martyred. This paper seeks to address this gap by examining the oral literature and local histories of one region in the Philippines, the Eastern Visayas, at the turn of the 20th century. It will argue that narratives about Rizal as found in late 19th century written documentary sources and in turn of the century vernacular poetry in Samar and Leyte mark local changes brought about by continuing colonial rule and people’s continued engagement with various forms of social and environmental adversity. They also kept alive hopes of eventual independence and selfhood for people who had participated in and revived the Revolution as close-knit small communities which transmitted their memories of their revolutionary experiences in song. These intangible cultural artefacts suggest the need to further explore local perceptions of national figures such as Rizal, the so-called “First Filipino,” to gain a broader understanding of his impact on small groups of people that came to embrace the “Filipino” label, the use of which Rizal sought to democratize in the then Spanish colony, and through which they united in facing subsequent colonisation under the Americans and the Japanese. Reviving and Promoting a Town’s Local History Through Kwentuhang Bayan: The Experience of Taguig City Jomar G. Encila Office of the Mayor, Taguig City Printed records and documents are the basic sources that historical researchers should employ. However, the lack of written data is a problem for local historians. Another hindrance is that most of the available data written in the books and archival collections are written in a foreign language, mainly in Spanish. With this kind of problem, a collective method by the townspeople, the real participants in the history of their own town, should be done. As local oral history, Kuwentuhang Bayan is an inclusive historical method which aims to hear the unheard stories of the real participants and witnesses in the development of a town. In Taguig, with the impetus of the local government to come up with a coffee table book about the town’s past and present local history and culture, a series of different town hall sessions were held. The Kuwentuhang Bayan constituted oral history which allowed the people of all ages to reminisce on the glorious and poignant moments in their beloved hometown. The old and the new faces in Taguig from the 28 barangays shared their stories and talked to each other. The storytellers’ accounts were recorded and transcribed and put into writing.
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The researcher aims to (1) provide a framework to do local oral history as a historical source, going through the process of identifying informants and then processing the data gathered from the interviewees. Moreover, the researcher will share how the data about Taguig local history were classified into three general types of verbal testimony: rumor, oral tradition, and eyewitness account. Lastly, from his own experience, the researcher will also identify the challenges in doing such historical method. Folk Heritage in the Popular: Examples from Villame’s Rhyming Songs to Max Surban’s ‘Kuradang’ Jose S. Buenconsejo College of Music University of the Philippines Diliman With the introduction of electronic audio recording technology in the Philippines, Philippine folk music heritage was mediatized, thus making it transportable across time and space. This was unlike its prior limited circulation in which heritage was replicated locally from one generation to the next through orality. This paper explores Philippine music industry’s “novelty song” genre of the 1970s and its roots in Philippine folk culture, arguing that there were a number of ways that the mediatization of the folk happened. One way of moving the folk to the popular was the common technique of substituting new words for a preexistent folk tune. A second, more interesting way, occurred with “expanding” the tradition by creating a new composition with a tendency towards greater intricacy and elaboration. This was the case with the “nonsensical” songs that became so associated with the vocal persona of the comedian-singer Yoyoy Villame such as “Butsekik,” “Motokoy,” and “Sion-sion.” In these, the traditional technique of rhyme in sung poetry is evident. The stylistic difference of this genre relative to the mainstream hybrid music innovations that the industry had churned out from that time period had prompted its labelling as “novelty,” when. in fact, Villame’s songs are more familiar to the listeners than any imported music or locally produced ones that syncretized with it. A third process of mediatization is manifest in Max Surban’s dance song “kuradang,” which has a newly composed tune and words that bear a strong resemblance to the traditional folk music style. With its verisimilitude to the oral folk, this piece seems to be continuous with “tradition,” but can be argued otherwise because it is an “invented tradition” following the loss of “kuradang,” perhaps two to three decades before Surban had composed his piece.
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Preliminary Chronological List of Jean-Paul Georges Potet’s Works on the Philippines Prepared by Regalado Trota Jose | Archivo de la Universidad de Santo Tomás, Manila Note on the journals: Archipel. Published by École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Sorbonne, Paris. Cahiers de Linguistique d’Asie Orientale. Published by Centre de Recherche Linguistique sur l’Asie Orientale, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Sorbonne, Paris. 1983 “La morphologie du philippin” [The Morphology of Filipino; doctoral dissertation]. Paris: Centre de Recherche Linguistique sur l’Asie Orientale, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Sorbonne, 1983. Although Potet’s dissertation was not published, sections of the work were later published as individual books. 1986 “Hernando R. Ocampo (1911-1978) écrivain et peintre philippin, a presentation of the author and his short story.” Archipel 31 (1986): 185-192. “Présentation de La marchande de cacahuètes (1923) de Teofilo Sauco et de La villageoise de Teo Gener(),” in Maurice Coyaud and Jean-Paul Potet, Contes et nouvelles des Philippines: 143-155. Paris: P.A.F., 1986. “La galoche (le socque),” Translation to French of Hernando R. Ocampo’s Bakyâ (1949), taken from Teodoro A. Agoncillo, ed., Ang maikling kuwentong Tagalog, Manila: Kayumanggi Press, 1949; in Archipel 31 (1986): 185-192. “La marchande de cacahuètes,” Translation to French of Teofilo E. Sauco’s Ang magmamanî (Manila: Liwayway, 1923), in Maurice Coyaud and Jean-Paul Potet, Contes et nouvelles des Philippines: 101-139. Paris: P.A.F., 1986. “La villageoise,” Translation to French of Teo Gener’s Taga Nayon (1923), in Maurice Coyaud and Jean-Paul Potet, Contes et nouvelles des Philippines: 140-142. Paris: P.A.F., 1986. 1987 “La pétition tagale Caming Manga Alipin (1665),” Cahiers de Linguistique, Asie Orientale XVI:1 (Juin 1987): 109-157. [Review] R. G. Simbulan, The bases of our insecurity, a study of the US military bases in the Philippines, Manila: Balai, 1983. Archipel 34 (1987): 233-234.
1988 “Semantics/ Transference in Tagalog.” Cahiers de Linguistique – Asie Orientale 17:1 (1988): 67- 109. Paris: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 1991 Entries on the Philippines in Supplément au Grand Larousse Universel. Paris: Larousse. “The European Conference on Philippine Studies 1991, Amsterdam, 22-25 avril,” Archipel 42 (1991): 14-18. 1992 “An adverbial-to-verbal morpheme transfer in classical Tagalog,” Lingua 86 (1992): 1-46 (Amsterdam: Elsevier). “Numeral expressions in Tagalog,”Archipel 44 (1992): 167-181. [Updated in 2012 as Numbers & Units in Old Tagalog). [Review] Vicente L. Rafael, Contracting colonialism. Translation and Christian conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish rule, Cornell University Press, 1988. Archipel 43 (1992): 189-191. [Review] Doreen Fernandez and Edilberto N. Alegre, Sarap. Essays on Philippine Food, Quezon City: Mr. and Ms., 1988. Archipel 43 (1992): 191-193. [Review] Antoon Postma, Annotated Mangyan Bibliography (1570-1988) with index, Panaytayan: MARC. Archipel 43 (1992): 193-195. 1993 Philippine entries in Le Petit Robert des Noms Propres. Paris: Dictionnaires Le Robert. 1994 “Les marqueurs nominaux en tagal,” Cahiers de Linguistique d’Asie Orientale 23 (1994) (Mélanges offerts à Alexis Rygaloff ): 279-298. 1995 “Tagalog monosyllabic roots,” Oceanic Linguistics 34:2 (December 1995): 345-374. (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press). 2011 “Le tagal,” in Emilio Bonvini, Joëlle Busuttil and
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Alain Peyraube, eds., Dictionnaire des langues: 1265-1271. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2011. 2012 Baybáyin. L’Alphabet Syllabique des Tagals. [Another edition, 2014; English version, also 2014.] Raleigh, NC: Lulu.com, 2012. 204 pp. Numbers & Units in Old Tagalog. Raleigh, NC: Lulu. com, 2012. 400 pp. Seventeenth-century events at Lilíw. A commented edition and translation of the ms. Ayer 1748 of the Newberry Library, Chicago. Raleigh, NC: Lulu.com, 2012. 150 pp. 2013 Filipiniana Bibliography. [updated in 2019]. Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2013. Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog. [1st edition; 2nd edition, 2014.] Raleigh, N.C.: Lulu Press, Inc., 2014. 444 pp. 2014 Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. [Updated in 2017.] Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press Inc., 2014. Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog. [revised edition of that of 2013.] Raleigh, N.C.: Lulu Press, Inc., 2014. 444 pp. Baybáyin. L’Alphabet Syllabique des Tagals. [1st edition, 2012; English version, 2015.] Raleigh, NC: Lulu.com, 2014. 2015 Baybayin, the Syllabic Alphabet of the Tagalogs. [English version of the French edition, 2014.] Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc. Histoires en Philippin. Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2015. 260 pp. Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates. [2nd edition (1st edition unknown; another edition, 2016).] Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2015. 2016 Genitality in Tagalog. Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2016. 236 pp. Maître Tace. [Translation to French of Lazaro Francisco’s 1929 Amá.] Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2016. 352 pp. Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates. [3rd edition (2nd edition, 2015; 1st edition unknown).] Raleigh, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2016. 376 pp. Potet theorizes that Proto-Austronesian and ProtoChinese might have a common ancestor (p. 337). 2017 Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. [Updated version of the 2014 edition.] Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press Inc., 2017. 656 pp.
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[Translation and analysis of] Felipe Pardo, Idolatrías de los Tagalos en el Siglo XVII 1686. Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press Inc., 2017 16 pp. + reproductions of folios 104-185. Concombre aux Philippines. [5th edition (earlier editions unknown).] Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2017. 264 pp. 2018 Filipino Neologisms. Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2018. 300 pp. Potet’s version of Maugnaying Talasalitaang PangAgham Ingles-Pilipino, prepared by a team headed by Prof. Gonsalo del Rosario and published in 1978. The Maugnaying Talasalitaan was a pioneering dictionary of scientific terms in English with their corresponding words in Filipino; the entries were classified according to the branches of science such as sipnáyan (mathematics), sugnáyan (physics), kapnáyan (chemistry), haynáyan (biology), ulnáyan (social sciences), and batnáyan (philosophy). In Potet’s version, all the terms are presented in alphabetical order, in two lists: English-Filipino and Filipino-English. Grande grammaire du tagal/ philippin. [3rd edition, corrected and expanded (earlier editions unknown).] Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2018. 736 pp. 2019 Filipiniana Bibliography. [Updated version of the 2013 edition.] Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2019. 408 pp. A list of the printed materials collected by Potet on the Philippines, particularly on the Tagalog language. Materials are arranged alphabetically by title. Periodicals are listed separately. At the end is an index of themes treated in the various works. OTHER WORKS: 1992 [Review] Alain Lemaréchal, Problèmes de sémantique et de syntaxe en palau, Paris: Éditions de CNRS. Cahiers de Linguistique – Asie Orientale 21:1 (1992): 166-175. (EHESS). 2019 Mrs. Hazel Twittle. Excerpts from Spiffies and Loonies. Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2019. 80 pp. Mrs. Mabel Van Moo. Excerpts from Spiffies and Loonies. Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2019. 56 pp. Percival Stuffington. Catalects from Spiffies and Loonies. Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press, Inc., 2019. 52 pp.
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List of Papers and Speakers Food Literacy in Adult Education of the Philippine Commonwealth, 1937-1946 Felice Prudente Sta. Maria, Culinary/Food Historian, Independent Researcher, Author AB Speech and Drama, University of the Philippines Diliman Panel – The National Museum of the Philippines in the 21st Century Maritime and Underwater Cultural Heritage Division Southeast Asian Boat Construction in the Philippines at the End of the First Millennium: The Butuan Boats Ligaya S.P. Lacsina, Ph.D., Museum Curator I, Maritime and Underwater Archaeology, National Museum of the Philippines Hibla ng Lahing Pilipino: A Peek on the Socio-Cultural Identity of the Filipino People Allan S. Alvarez, Museum Researcher II Anthropology, National Museum of the Philippines History from Below: The Economic Life of Philippine Pearls, 1870-1940 Anthony D. Medrano, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies, Presidential Young Professor of Environmental Studies, Yale-NUS College, Singapore Reviving and Promoting a Town’s Local History Through Kwentong Bayan: The Experience of Taguig City Jomar Gelvoleo Encila, Historical Consultant, Office of Historical Research, Office of the Taguig City Mayor Filipino Heritage in the Popular: Examples from Villame’s Rhyming Songs to Max Surban’s ‘Kuradang’ Jose S. Buenconsejo, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Music Research, Former Dean, College of Music, 2010-2016, University of the Philippines Diliman Jose Rizal in the Emotional Landscape of the 20th Century Samar and Leyte George Emmanuel R. Borrinaga, Assistant Professor of History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City Displaying Indigenous Filipinos: Historiographies of the 1904 St. Louis Fair and Beyond Maria Nela B. Florendo, Ph.D., Professor of History and Chair, Department of History and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Baguio Chinese Vagrants and Social Outcasts in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines Jely A. Galang, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of the Philippines Diliman Gendering a Japanese Pioneer Narrative of ‘Savagery’: Violence Committed by Indigenous Peoples towards Japanese Settlers in Davao, 1918-1938 Eri Kitada, Ph.D. History Candidate, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA A Glimpse of Ilmu’Pagkausug in the Jawi Materials of Sulu Munap H. Hairulla, Ph.D., Assistant Professor IV – Muslim Filipino History and Culture, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) Iligan City Tandaya or Kandaya Puzzle: The Confusion Clarified and the Historical Site Located Rolando O. Borrinaga, Ph.D., Local Historical Research, Professor 8, School of Health Sciences, UP Manila at Palo, Leyte
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Tagalog and Kapampangan Marriage Customs in the Spanish Colonial Legal Regime (17th-18th c.) Marya Svetlana T. Camacho, Ph. D., Associate Professor of History, History Department, University of Asia and the Pacific, Pasig City Demographic Constraints to Parental Choice over Marriage Partners in Nineteenth Century San Pablo, Laguna Nicholas Michael Chow Sy, Assistant Professor of History, Department of History, University of the Philippines Diliman Jean Paul G. Potet and His Work on the Philippines – Tribute to French Filipinist, Poet, and Author Regalado Trota José, Jr., Philippine Church Cultural Heritage, Archivo de la Universidad de Santo Tomás, University of Santo Tomas Ang Balagtasan: Kasaysayan at Transpormasyon ng Isang Anyo ng Pangangawitran Galileo S. Zafra, Ph.D., Departamento ng Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman Vim Nadera (Victor Emmanuel Daelo Carmelo Nadera, Jr.), Professor 3, Departamento ng Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Diliman Former Director IV, Philippine High School for the Arts Michael M. Coroza, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Filipino, School of Humanities, Ateneo de Manila University
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PNHS Lifetime Achievement Award for History – Samuel K. Tan
Samuel Tan, Ph.D., is probably the most prominent historian today on the history of Muslim Filipinos, having written some of the more important works on the history of Mindanao and Sulu in the past 40 years, during which time he served as Professor of History and former Chair of the Department of History, Head of the Committee on Historical Research of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, Chairman and Executive Director of the National Historical Institute, and Director of the Mindanao Studies Program, UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies. Samuel K. Tan was born in Siasi, Sulu, of TausugSamal-Chinese parentage. He holds several academic degrees which he completed with distinction: B. Theology, Ebenezer Bible College; B.A.(History), summa cum laude, at Zamboanga A.E. Colleges; M.A. (History), University of the Philippines; and Ph.D. (Social Science) at Syracuse University, USA. As a historian, educator, and academic, Samuel K. Tan has published several works, on various subjects, although the bulk of his writings have been on the Muslim Filipinos. Prof. Tan has also written innumerable articles and papers which have been published and delivered in the Philippines and abroad. The nominee’s signal contributions to historical and cultural research on the Philippines have brought to light studies on the Muslim Filipinos which have helped to present Muslim-Christian
relations in a meaningful historical perspective. These studies have been crucial in understanding the nature and causes of the conflicts in Mindanao and Sulu, and he has used his experience and expertise to provide useful input in understanding and helping resolve a long-standing problem in the Philippines. He is often consulted to provide thoughtful counsel on various matters involving Muslim-Christian relations in the Philippines.
Publications
Sulu under American Military Rule, 1899-1913. Quezon City: University of the Philippines, 1968. The Filipino Muslim Armed Struggle, 1900-1972. Manila: Filipinas Foundation, Inc., 1977. Editor/Co-editor, Haylaya, Linibung, Bagani, and Darangen (Regional Histories of Mindanao), 1980.
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Selected Essays on the Filipino Muslims. Marawi City: Mindanao State University Research Center, 1982. “Report on Two Villages in the Philippines,” in East Asian Cultural Studies XXIV (March 1985). (Tokyo). Contributor, Atang and Handog (Regional Histories of Luzon and the Visayas (1986). A History of the Philippines. Quezon City: Manila Studies Association and Philippine National Historical Society, 1987, 1997. “Black Teeth, G-Strings, and Blood,” in Vietnam Social Science Quarterly 1-2 (1988). Decolonization and Filipino Muslim Identity. Manila: Journal and Publications Division. President’s Center for Special Studies, 1989. “The Moro Secessionist Movement in the Philippines,” in Ralph R. Premdos, et al. (eds.), Secessionist Movements in Comparative Perspective. London: Printer Publishers, Ltd., 1990. Eight Essays on Muslim Mindanao in Benjamin J. Beede (ed.), Garland Encyclopedia of American Wars; the Spanish-American Wars and Small Wars. Rutgers, 1992. Internationalization of the Bangsamoro Struggle. Quezon City: U.P.-CIDS and U.P. Press, 1993. The Critical Decade: 1921-1930. Quezon City: U.P. – College of Social Science and Philosophy and National Commission for Culture and the Arts, 1993. The Socio-Economic Dimension of Moro Secessionism. Quezon City: U.P.-CIDS, 1995. The Kadatuan 1 Conference Proceedings, May 30-31, 1997. Tawi-Tawi: The Philippines’ Southernmost Frontier (With Elisa O. Resurreccion). Tawi-Tawi: Sahaya Development Center Foundation, Inc., 2001. The Filipino-American War, 1899-1913. Quezon City: UP Press, 2002. Filipino Muslim Perceptions of Their History and Culture as Seen through Indigenous Sources. Reprint of UP Centennial Lecture. Quezon City: UP Press, 2003. Islam in the Philippines. Quezon City: UP-CIDS, 2003. Ferdinand E. Marcos and the Filipino Military Tradition, Vol. I: From Warrior to Tradition. np: Marcos Presidential Center, Inc., 2006. The Muslim South and Beyond. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2010. The Bible as History. Mandaluyong City: OMF Literature Inc., 2014.
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Jawi Publications
Annotated Bibliography of Jawi Materials of the Muslim South. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press-Center for Integrative and Development Studies Mindanao Studies Program, 1996. Surat Maguindanaon. Jawi Documentary Series, Volume 1. Transliterated and Translated by Samier M. Bakuluban. Quezon City: UP Press, CIDS, 1996. Samier M. Bakuludan, Munap H. Hairulla, and Ermina K. Mariano, Foreword Samuel K. Tan. Annotated Bibliography: Maguindanao, Tausug, Yakan Studes. UP Press, CIDS, 1996. Tawi-Tawi Kitabs, Jawi Documentary Series No. 1: Annotated Bibliography of Jawi Materials of the Muslim South. Quezon City: UP Press, UP CIDS, 2002. Jawi Documentary Series No. 2: The Surat Maguindanaon. Transliterated and Translated by Samier M. Bakuludan. Quezon City: UP Press, UP CIDS, Second Printing, 2002. Jawi Documentary Series 3: An Annotation of the Marsada Kitabs. With Munap H. Hairulla. Quezon City: UP Press, UP CIDS, 2002. Jawi Documentary Series No. 4: Basilan Kitabs. With Munap H. Hairulla. Collected by Majid N. Ahajin. UP Press, CIDS, 2007. Jawi Documentary Series No. 4. Basilan Kitabs. With Munap H. Hairulla. Collected by Majid N. Ahajin. Quezon City: UP Press, UPCIDS, 2008. Jawi Documentary Series No. 5. Tawi-Tawi Kitabs. With Munap H. Hairulla. Collected by Abubakar Asaad. Quezon City: UP Press, UPCIDS. 2007. Surat Sug: Letters of the Sultanate of Sulu. Volume I: Kasultanan. Manila: National Historical Institute, 2005. Surat Sug: Letters of the Sultanate of Sulu. Volume II: Kadatuan Kahadjian Kabanuwahan Kaginisan. Manila: National Historical Institute, 2005.
Articles, The Journal of History (Philippine National Historical Society, Inc.)
“The Methodology of Regional History.” The Journal of History XXII (1977): 5-11. “Beyond Local Histories: The Case of Sulu History in Local Perspective.” The Journal of History LIV (2008): 1-20. “A Framework for Filipino Muslim History: Survey and Reformulation,” The Journal of History 44 (1988):1-16. “Well-Known but Unsung,” The Journal of History
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45 (1999):23-32. “The Parangkang: Sama Oral Literature,” The Journal of History 58 (2012):274.
Recognition and Awards
Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship Award (19701973) Fulbright-Hays Research Grant (1984) Ford-Rockefeller Research Grant (Summer 1993) Chiang Ching Kuo Foundation Research Grant (1995) Toyota Foundation Research Grant (2002) Chairman’s Award, Region IX Commission (Philippines) for outstanding Achievements and Service (1980) Professorial Chair for History, University of the Philippines (1988) UP Alumni Association Outstanding Award for History (1998) National Historical Institute Distinguished Service Award (1998) National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) Distinguished Commisasioner Award (1999) NCCA Dangal ng Haraya Lifetime Achievement Award for Cultural Research (2007) Nominated by the Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Chosen by The Philippine Yearbook 2005 as one of the 100 “Defenders of Our Heritage,” published by the Fookien Times (2005) Chosen by the Filipino Chinese Association as “National Awardee for Achievement 2005,” Angelo King Heritage Center, Intramuros Faculty, Department of History, University of the Philippines Diliman (1963-1994); Chairman of Department of History (1977-1982) Director-Convener of the Mindanao Studies Program, Center for Integrative and Development Studies, UP Diliman (1997-1998) Research Fellow and Consultant, Tadhana Special Research Project, Office of the President, Malacañang Palace (1974-1985) Consultant, Region IX Commission 1976 Consultant, Senator Santanina T. Rasul (1987-1992) Consultant, SPDA Administrator Almarim C. Tllah (1999) Consultant, Congressman Nur G. Jaafar (29912002)
Chairman and Executive Director, National Historical Institute (1997-1998) Commissioner, National Commission for Culture and the Arts (1997-1998) Commissioner, National Centennial Commission (1997-1999) Research Fellow, Coordinator, and Consultant, Regional Histories Project, National Library Manila (1981-1983) Lecturer in the following institutions: National Defense College of the Philippines; Development Academy of the Philippines; Sophia University (Tokyo, Japan); Silsila Dialogue Institute (Zamboanga City); De La Salle University; UP Mindanao; Mindanao State University; among others. Beyond government service, SKT served in various non-governmental capacities in both national and international levels: Coordinator, UNESCO Research Project on “Civilization Related to Rice Cultivation,” (19791980) Member, UNESCO Advisory Committee for the Study of the Southeast Asian Cultures (19821984) Member, Fulbright-Hays Selection Committee of the Philippine Educational Foundation (19881989) Chairman, Board of Sunnyvale Learning Center, Zamboanga City, 2000 Organizer, Director, and Paper Presenter in local, national, and international conferences since 1963
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F
rom his earliest work on Sulu politics at the turn of the twentieth century to his current projects on Philippine Islam and the writing of local and national histories, Prof. Tan has informed, and continues to shape, the public conversation about Muslims and their productive place within Philippine historical studies. As a public historian, Samuel Tan’s writings have long nurtured not only a spatial perspective and cultural sensibility, reflective of his familial roots deeply sown in Siasi, but have also pioneered and sustained a new way of seeing and sensing the Muslim South as an integral part of the national narrative in modern Philippine history. Early on in his career, for example, Prof. Tan read against the archival grain in order to elicit the webs and workings of resistance in colonial Sulu and, in doing so, he championed the voices and vantage points of those marginalized and obscured by national(ist) historiography. Indeed, Samuel Tan’s intimate commitment to place, people, and politics borne from the movements and migrations of Muslim South have guided the course of his life’s work and framed, in part, his public service as an institutional leader. To this end, Prof. Tan has restructured how we teach and study the makings of the modern Philippines and, as a result, he has fostered and facilitated the ethos of “national belonging” across publics, regions, cultures, and religions. Since the early 1960s, Samuel Tan’s principal project has been to write the communities around the Sulu Sea into the Philippine national historical narrative, bearing new light on the armed struggles and everyday resistances, which constituted the region in the wake of the nineteenth century. These writings engendered a culture and climate necessary to forging a national history that would include the presence and place of all Filipinos – from Siasi in the south to Batanes in the north. In writing these communities into the national story, thus reinforcing their place within the archipelagic family, Prof. Tan has championed the value of local history and importance of oral sources. His studies on the hidden wealth of Jawi materials has enriched Philippine history, especially Muslim heritage and literary traditions. Prof. Dr. Samuel Kong Tan deserves due appreciation and recognition for a lifetime commitment to modern Philippine history, profoundly shaping the field as a scholar, mentor, and institutional leader.
The Award
From his earliest work on Sulu politics at the turn of the twentieth century to his current projects on Philippine Islam and the writing of local and national histories, Prof. Tan has informed, and continues to shape, the public conversation about Muslims and their productive place within Philippine historical studies. As a public historian, Samuel Tan’s writings have long nurtured not only a spatial perspective and cultural sensibility, reflective of his familial roots deeply sown in Siasi, but have also pioneered and sustained a new way of seeing and sensing the Muslim South as an integral part of the national narrative in modern Philippine history. Early on in his career, for example, Prof. Tan read against the archival grain in order to elicit the webs and workings of resistance in colonial Sulu and, in doing so, he championed the voices and vantage points of those marginalized and obscured by national(ist) historiography. Indeed, Samuel Tan’s intimate commitment to place, people, and politics borne from the movements and migrations of Muslim South have guided the course of his life’s work and framed, in part, his public service as an institutional leader. To this end, Prof. Tan has restructured how
Lifetime Achievement Award for History Prof. Samuel Kong Tan, Ph.D. Professor of History and Chair, Department of History University of the Philippines - Diliman Chairman, National Historical Commission of the Philippines Given this 24th day of October 2019, National Museum of the Philippines, Ermita, Manila, during the 40th National Conference on Local and National History.
Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Ph.D.
President Philippine National Historical Society, Inc.
we teach and study the makings of the modern Philippines and, as a result, he has fostered and facilitated the ethos of “national belonging” across publics, regions, cultures, and religions. Since the early 1960s, Samuel Tan’s principal project has been to write the communities around the Sulu Sea into the Philippine national historical narrative, bearing new light on the armed struggles and everyday resistances, which constituted the region in the wake of the nineteenth century. These writings engendered a culture and climate necessary to forging a national history that would include the presence and place of all Filipinos – from Siasi in the south to Batanes in the north. In writing these communities into the national story, thus reinforcing their place within the archipelagic family, Prof. Tan has championed the value of local history and importance of oral sources. His studies on the hidden wealth of Jawi materials has enriched Philippine history, especially Muslim heritage and literary traditions. Prof. Dr. Samuel Kong Tan deserves due appreciation and recognition for a lifetime commitment to modern Philippine history, profoundly shaping the field as a scholar, mentor, and institutional leader.
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Congratulations!
Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teachers 2019 Outstanding Teachers in the Nation’s Service
Teachers play a vital role in our country. They open the minds of our young to everyday realities and help them understand our society better, making them more aware of and involved in contemporary concerns through the lens of history and accumulated wisdom. It is through the work of outstanding teachers that we hope to develop in our students a genuine love of country and a passion for service to our countrymen. Thus, it is very fitting that every year we pay homage to the contribution and sacrifice of outstanding teachers. Dr. Cristina R. Cristobal (Philippine Science High School, Main Campus, Agham Road, Quezon City) believes that to be able to make the learning of history more meaningful, the learning experience should be deeper and more experiential. This belief helped her as she introduced reforms to the Philippine Social Science High School’s Social Science Curriculum. Dr. Cristobal allows Grade 7 students to use primary sources as original documents, records and pictures of artifacts, in studying their history lessons. She believes that exposing students to these sources of information deepens their understanding and appreciation of historical events. As the country’s foremost historian on World War II, Ricardo Jose, Ph.D., strives to fill in the gaps in the country’s past by continuing to venture into further studies and sharing his expertise and extensive knowledge through local and international lectures. Dr. Jose, a well-respected historian for four decades now, is often remembered by different generations
of students from the University of the Philippines Diliman because of his lighthearted delivery of lectures and interactive class discussions where he would bring actual historical items he has collected throughout his career. A Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Filipino is steered by the value of “Beyond Excellence,” raising the bar of excellence in their respective fields. Their contributions speak of service beyond self – but to their sectors and in the large community, inspiring their peers. Their service and community involvements have helped shape better communities and created a lasting positive impact upon the people. [Ramon R. del Rosario, Jr. Member, Panel of Judges, Chair, Philippine Business for Education, President and CEO, PHINMA Corporation. Philippine Daily Inquirer, September 28, 2019, p. A14].
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Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Filipinos 2019
Real Heroes Among Us
In times of both unrest and jubilation, people are inclined to look to others for inspiration. One need not look far. Modern-day heroes are present in plain sight, working as public servants. They are the country’s educators, peacekeepers, and defenders. They are in classrooms opening their doors to all kinds of learners, in the frontlines securing the country’s sovereignty, and in patrol safeguarding the welfare of citizens. When performing good deeds with integrity seems like taking the road less traveled, their actions reveal hope that many still choose to take that route. Innovative educator Cristina Cristobal introduced a learning strategy that requires grade 7 learners to use primary sources in studying history. The approach provides opportunities for students to analyze documents, review data and construct narratives firsthand – a deviation from the traditional learning through textbooks and memorization. Outside the system, Cristobal actively engages in providing teacher-training for Islamic teachers. Together with Ateneo de Davao University, she organized Buklod Guro, a program where best teaching practices of PSHS teachers are shared to (sic) madrasas (Islamic schools) in several schools across Mindanao. “I would like to be remembered as the students’ Philippine history teacher who had opened their eyes about our country’s history, a teacher who made then love and enjoy history,” shared Cristobal.
Acclaimed historian Ricardo Jose has spent 40 years filling the gaps in the country’s past, more profoundly on the subject of Philippine diplomatic history, Philippine military history, the Philippines under US colonial rule, and the ties between the Philippines and Japan. “I have learned that there is so much we can be proud for but are either unaware or oblivious to. Awareness of this past would build a sense of pride and, hopefully, unity,” expressed Jose. Tagged as the country’s foremost scholar on World War II in the Philippines and the Asia-Pacific, Jose has produced a body of work that serves as the foundational literature on the study of the Second World War. [“Real Heroes Among Us,” By Warlou Joyce Antonio, SW Starweek, The Philippine Star, October 6, 2019, pp. 3-4.]
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National Commission for Culture and the Arts The National Commission for Culture and the Arts of the Philippines (Filipino: Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining, Cebuano: Nasodnong Komisyon alang sa Budaya ug mga Arte), is the official arts council for the Philippines. It is the overall policy making body, coordinating, and grants giving agency for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture; an executing agency for the policies it formulates; and task to administering the National Endowment Fund for Culture and the Arts (NEFCA) – fund exclusively for the implementation of culture and arts programs and projects. History
The successful overthrow of the Marcos administration in 1986 inspired the different sectors of society to rally behind the new government towards the restoration of democracy. On March 12, 1986, the Alliance of Artists for the Creation of a Ministry of Culture (AACMC) drafted and adopted a proposal for the establishment of a Ministry of Culture. The group cited the inability of the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports to devote time and attention to cultural planning due to the gargantuan task of addressing the problems of the educational system. President Corazon Aquino responded by issuing Executive Order 118 on January 30, 1987 which established the Presidential Commission on Culture and the Arts (PCCA). It was a diminutive agency compared to the proposal of AACMC but the said order was cognizant of the existence of specialized cultural agencies and that these should only be placed under the umbrella of one agency to coordinate their efforts. In 1992, under the new Constitution, Congress enacted Republic Act No. 7356, which institutionalized the establishment of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), replacing PCCA. This said law mandated the formulation of national cultural policies and programs according to the following principles: (a) pluralistic, fostering deep respect for the cultural identity of each locality, region or ethnolinguistic locality, as well as elements assimilated from other cultures through the natural process of acculturation; (b) democratic, encouraging and
supporting the participation of the vast masses of our people in its programs and projects; (c) non-partisan, open to all people and institution, regardless of creed, affiliation, ideology, ethnic origin, age, gender or class, with no organized group or sector having monopoly of its services; and (d) liberative, having concern for the decolonization and emancipation of the Filipino psyche in order to ensure the full flowering of Filipino culture.
Activities
The Commission is responsible for the administration of two state honors: the National Living Treasure (Philippines) and the National Artist of the Philippines. It also confers organizational awards such as the Ani ng Dangal, Dangal ng Haraya, and the Alab ng Haraya. It is also responsible for the annual celebration of the National Arts Month (February), UNESCOITI World Theatre Week (March 21-27), National Heritage Month (May), National Dance Week (Fourth Week of April), National Literature Month (April), Linggo ng Musikang Pilipino (Last Week of July), Indigenous Peoples Month (October), Museums and Galleries Month (October), and Library and Information Services Month (November). The National Commission for Culture and the Arts is governed by a Board of Commissioners composed of 15 members, Headed by Chairman Hon. Virgilio S. Almario, National Artist for Literature (concurrently Chairman of the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino).
40th National Conference on Local and National History
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY, INC. ACCREDITED NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL RESEARCH FLAGSHIP PROJECT 40th NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOCAL AND NATIONAL HISTORY NM AUDITORIUM, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES OLD CONGRESS BUILDING 1000 P. Burgos Drive, Rizal Park, Manila OCTOBER 24-26, 2019 NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL RESEARCH (January 2017-December 2019) Stephen Henry S. Totanes, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, School of Graduate Studies Sorsogon State College Representative, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Lifetime Member, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc Earl Jude Paul L. Cleope, Ph. D. Vice Head, NCCA-Committee on Historical Research Institutional Representative, Silliman University Professor of History and Vice President for Academic Affairs Silliman University Lifetime Member, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Ma. Nela B. Florendo, Ph.D. Professor of History Elected NCHR Representative for Luzon Department of History and Philosophy University of the Philippines Baguio Lifetime Member, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Rolando O. Borrinaga, Ph.D. Elected NCHR Representative for the Visayas Professor, School of Health Sciences University of the Philippines Manila, at Palo, Leyte Lifetime Member, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Labi Hadj Sarip Riwarung, Ph.D. Elected Representative for Mindanao and Sulu University Research Associate Chairperson, Indigenous Knowledge Research Division Mamitua Saber Research Center Mindanao State University, Marawi City
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HISTORY OF THE
Philippine National Historical Society (1941-2019) The Philippine National Historical Society and its Contributions to the Study and Research in Philippine History (1941-2019) Popularizing History in the Philippines – Bringing History to the People The Philippine National Historical Society (PNHS) is today the oldest voluntary professional organization devoted to study and research in Philippine history. It was officially organized on February 2, 1941, when its constitution and by-laws were approved, with the organization initially called the Philippine Historical Society. While this was the first organization of historians in the country, there were other similar groups that actually preceded it, like the Asociación Histórica de Filipinas, founded by Felipe G. Calderon in 1905, and the Sociedad Histórico-Geográfica de Filipinas, founded in 1916 or 1917 by a group led by a Filipinist named Carlos A. Sobral. Both groups went defunct after just a few years, although they managed to publish some issues of the Revista Histórica de Filipinas and Boletín, respectively. The Philippine National Historical Society can trace its beginnings to the History Club at the Philippine Women’s University (PWU), organized by Eulogio B. Rodriguez, sometime in the late 1920s when he was a history teacher in the same institution while concurrently serving as Assistant Director of the National Library. The PWU History Club published a quarterly called The Historical Review, which fostered historical scholarship during the pre-war period. In 1941, Rodriguez and Eufronio M. Alip transformed the student history club into the Philippine Historical Society, an organization beyond a mere student history club. The charter members included a veritable “Who’s Who” in Filipino intellectual life at that time. Among them were Antonio K. Abad, Elias M. Ataviado, Evergisto Bazaco, O.P., Conrado Benitez, Manuel I. Carreon, Horacio V. de la Costa, S.J., Jose Lopez del Castillo, Gabriel F. Fabella, Leandro H. Fernandez, Tomas S. Fonacier, Mariano del Prado Goyena, Maximo M. Kalaw, Pura Villanueva Kalaw, Leoncio Rizal Lopez, Paz PolicarpioMendez, Camilo Osias, Jose Villa Panganiban, William C. Repetti, S.J., Walter Robb, Miguel Selga, S. J., Benito T. Soliven, Leopoldo B. Uichanco, Jaime C. de Veyra, Gregorio Yabes, Nicolas Zafra, and Gregorio F. Zaide. The Society, according to its constitution and by-laws, aimed to “encourage and undertake the study of Philippine history.” To this day, this remains the fundamental aim of the PNHS as it seeks to catalyze nationwide interest in and appreciation of history as the bedrock of Filipino national identity. The Historical Review became the Journal of the Philippine Historical Society, with the first issue coming out in July 1941. Eulogio B. Rodriguez served as President of the Society at the time of its founding and throughout the years of the Second World War. Eufronio M. Alip succeeded Rodriguez around 1946, and served as the Society’s President until his demise in 1976, when Marcelino A. Foronda, Jr. took over. In 1965, the Philippine Historical Society changed its official name to Philippine National Historical Society. In the same year, the Society approved The Journal of History as the new name of its official publication, now on its 65th volume. There have been five PNHS Presidents since 1941: Eulogio B. Rodriguez, Eufronio M. Alip, Marcelino A. Foronda, Leslie E. Bauzon, and Bernardita Reyes Churchill.
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Local History in the Context of National History
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The Society aggressively contributed towards setting the pace and agenda of historical research in the Philippines during the incumbency of Foronda, under whose leadership the Society effected a major intellectual shift in the orientation of Filipino historians, away from what Resil B. Mojares, another distinguished lifetime PNHS member, described as “classical colonial scholarship,” towards studies depicting “the grassroots of Filipino civilization and the life histories of individual Filipino communities showing rural life in its full detail and color.” The focus on local history was a recognition that it is an important component and key to the understanding of national history. It cannot be denied that given the archipelagic nature of the Philippines, research in the localities is essential in building up a body of literature that could eventually be used to construct a national or “total” history of the Philippines. Local history could probably provide the vital data that will have a corrective effect on the facile and sometimes inaccurate or imprecise generalizations made by national history. But a relationship must be established between local and national history, for without this linkage, local history becomes divisive and, therefore, of very little significance to national history except as part of local literature. Local cannot remain local – it must reach beyond its local boundaries – hence the PNHS has taken themes that would situate local history in the context of national history, or maybe, more appropriately, the “many histories” of the Filipino people. Further, because historical studies these days are also informed by other social science disciplines and the humanities, PNHS Conferences have also presented up-to-date studies in archaeology, anthropology, ethno-history, literature, musicology, the arts, and the entire gamut of culture, and how these fields impact our understanding of local and national history. Filipino historians need to decide how we should teach our history that will integrate the history of the regions and their peoples with the totality of Philippine national history. This shift was concretized by the PNHS in its First National Conference on Local and National History held at Xavier University in Cagayan de Oro City in 1978. Such a shift in intellectual focus has, in turn, led to stimulus being given to more research by local historians on various aspects of Philippine history not exclusively Manila-centered or even Luzon-centered. Since 1978, almost every year, in October, the traditional annual national conference on local and national history is convened by PNHS. Among the objectives of these annual conferences are the following: “to initiate a new process of national integration via the intellectual tie-up of historians and other scholars from north to south”; and “to create a new Filipino intellectual heritage through the collection and collation of local historical writings and oral traditions throughout the country.” The PNHS annual conferences on local and national history have been held all over the archipelago. In Luzon down to Kabikolan, eleven national conferences have been held; in the Visayas, twelve. PNHS has convened the most number of national conferences in Mindanao and Sulu – seventeen altogether. In several conference venues in Mindanao, a national conference on history was held for the first time, for instance, in: Bongao, Tawi-tawi; Kabacan, North Cotabato; Zamboanga City; and Jolo, Sulu. We feel that this activity has been useful for Mindanao and Sulu, for we know that several regions in Mindanao account for the lowest education performance in the country – the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) being the lowest, along with Region XI in Southern Mindanao, and Region XII in Central Mindanao. In each of these conferences, there is usually a theme aiming to draw attention to the region where the conference is held. For instance, the following themes were chosen for the various conferences: “Local Traditions and National History,” in Tawi-Tawi; “Focus on Maguindanao Studies,” in Kabacan; “Focus on Palawan Studies,” in Puerto Princesa; “The Lumad, the Bangsa Moro and the Christian Filipino: Documentary History of the Philippines,” in Zamboanga City; “The Muslim Filipinos in Philippine History,” in Jolo; “History and the New Millennium: Northern Luzon in Perspective,” in Baguio; “The Millenarian Movements, Historical and Contemporary: Perspectives for the New Millennium,” in Naga; “A Century of Education in the Philippines,” in Dumaguete; “Towards a National History of the Philippines: Local History in the Context of National History,” in Cebu City; “Cultural History of the Philippines, Ethnohistory of Mindanao and Sulu,” in Surigao City; “Focus on Cavite and Beyond: Local History in the Context of National History,” in Indang, Cavite; “Focus on Northern Luzon: Local History in the Context of National History,” in Batac, Ilocos Norte; “Revisiting Visayan Historiography,
Philippine National Historical Society, Inc.
JOURNAL OF HISTORY
For orders, please contact BERNARDITA R. CHURCHILL, Ph.D. President, Philippine National Historical Society Tel: (02) 8932-5165 | Mobile Cell: 0908 723 8295 | E-mail: nitachurchill@hotmail.com
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Revisioning Philippine Historiography,” in Tacloban, Leyte; “Focus on Mindanao and Sulu” in Tangub City, Misamis Occidental; “Philippine Ethnohistories: The Luzon Cordillera and Beyond,” in Banaue, Ifugao; “Towards a National History: Local History in the Context of National History,” in Tagbilaran, Bohol; “Philippine Ethnohistories: The Luzon Cordillera and Beyond,” in Banaue, Ifugao; “Celebrating 70 Years of the PNHS: Looking Back and Looking Forward – Historical Antecedents and Future Prospects in National and Local History,” in Angeles City; “Towards a National History: Mindanao and Sulu Local History in the Context of National History,” in General Santos City; “History and Environment,” in Dumaguete City; “History and Culture,” in Cagayan de Oro City; “History and the Central Philippines: Local History in the Context of National History,” in Iloilo City; “Mindanao History in the Context of National History,” in Butuan City; and “History and the Cagayan Valley/Northeastern Luzon: Regional History in the Context of National History,” in Aparri, Cagayan Province. It can probably be said that the annual conferences of the PNHS is a much-awaited event for teachers and researchers whose exposure to fresh research findings and new publications comes from attending the conference. In a way, it is some kind of faculty development program for them. This is particularly true of those situated the farthest from Manila. In these conferences, we have attempted to share with our participants, mostly teachers in secondary and tertiary levels, current perspectives in the teaching of Philippine history, as well as make available some of the latest research literature on Philippine history. In my observation, the teachers and researchers, including students and local government cultural workers from the regions are disadvantaged by their distance from Manila-based institutions that are the major sources of new research and new findings and current publications as well as depositories and libraries where documentary, archival, and published materials are more readily available. Publications are made available to participants through the donation of complimentary copies by the National Historical Institute, the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, the Manila Studies Association, PNHS, and friends and colleagues. The PNHS, being a charter member of the Philippine Social Science Council (PSSC), is expected to publish regularly the Journal of History, where, under normal circumstances, with the availability of funds, selected papers presented in the annual conferences are reviewed, referreed, and published. We have attempted to gather together all the published volumes of the Journal of History since 1941, the first volume was secured from the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. All available printed volumes have been digitized and are uploaded in an e-journal at this website: The Journal of History E-Journal: https://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=915 The diversity and comprehensiveness of the program of activities of the PNHS merited an Institutional/ Disciplinal Award for PNHS in 1993 as one of the two best member-associations of the Philippine Social Science Council (PSSC), of which the PNHS is a charter member. PHILIPPINE SOCIAL SCIENCE COUNCIL INSTITUTIONAL DISCIPLINAL AWARD SECOND BEST In recognition of its valuable contributions to the growth and development of the Philippine Social Science Council; and of its outstanding achievement to the advancement of the social sciences particularly in the field of history. 15th day of December 1993 On the occasion of the PSSC Silver Jubilee
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In 2013, the PNHS was once again awarded as one of two Outstanding Regular Member Organizations “for its faithful and timely compliance with all PSSC membership requirements for the past five years.” OUTSTANDING REGULAR MEMBER AWARD to the PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY For its faithful and timely compliance with its PSSC membership requirements for the past five years. February 16, 2013 PHIIPPINE SOCIAL SCIENCE CENTER QUEZON CITY Further, the first Virginia A. Miralao Excellence in Research Award was given to Marco Stefan B. Lagman, PNHS Board Member, for outstanding article published in the Journal of History (January-December 2012) entitled, “Agricultural and Urban Land as Property and Resources in Nineteenth Century Pampanga.”
The Philippine Centennial 1896-1898
The celebration of the various centennials that took place between 1996 and 1998 was probably one of the few occasions in recent times when much attention was paid to historical studies to mark a significant turning point in Philippine history. In this respect, the PNHS worked closely with the National Centennial Commission, National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), and the National Historical Institute, now the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, (NHI/NHCP), to bring the centennial celebrations outside of the National Capital Region. The conferences and publications which were generated by the centennials attest to the need to write and rewrite various aspects of Philippine history to come up with more contemporary interpretations and meanings. The conferences which were held during this time were also especially targeted to the regions outside of Metro Manila, cognizant of the fact that the commemoration of events of the centennial also involved peoples and events in the regions. As an important component of the research activities for the Centennial of the Philippine Revolution, the NCCA-Committee on Historical Research, under the leadership of Samuel K. Tan, conducted a series of seven echo seminars on the Revolution and/or revolutionary tradition in various regions of the Philippines from 1994-1997, at the following venues: MSU-Bongao, Tawi-Tawi; The Aguinaldo Shrine, in Kawit, Cavite; UP Cebu College in Cebu City; UP in the Visayas in Iloilo City; Ateneo de Davao; MSU-Marawi in Lanao del Sur; Leyte Normal University in Tacloban City; and Northwestern-Lyceum University in Dagupan City, Pangasinan. The Echo Seminar Series deviated from the usual pattern in which the focus was the role of national events or personalities centered in Manila and Luzon and, instead, gave prominence to the participation and contribution of local/provincial events connected with the revolutionary struggle. The idea was to collect a body of historical data on local heroes and heroines, events and/or institutions that could be used to reconstruct a truly national history of the Filipino revolutionary struggle. In this undertaking, we encouraged local historians to collect data from their localities and contribute these to the bank of historical knowledge on the Revolution. Selected papers from these echo seminars were published in a volume entitled Resistance and Revolution: Philippine Archipelago in Arms (Manila: NCCA-Committee on Historical Research, 2002). The Echo Seminar Series had been productive of the desired aim to bring the commemoration of the Philippine centennial to regions outside Manila and Luzon. A cursory survey of the papers presented showed very clearly the richness of local and regional history that still awaits the labors of historians and other researchers. We saw in the presentations that there were many other revolutions within the
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Philippine Revolution against Spain and the United States, and that there were many forms of resistance and struggle against colonial rule. The challenge that faces the Filipino historian, including the historian of the Revolution, is to write Philippine history that will look at each ethnic community or region, and the developments therein, as an interrelated and interdependent component of a broader historical process. In the seminars, participants were enjoined to put together research proposals on any aspect of the history of their localities, the purpose of this exercise being to encourage the participants to engage in research of some sort, using local materials that they could find, including non-historical materials if available. Workshops were also conducted in the methodology of oral history. The PNHS and the NHI/NHCP served as consultants for these researches. Unfortunately, due to funding constraints and the change in the NHI leadership, no follow-up was done on the work undertaken by the participants, although occasionally I would receive communications from participants requesting assistance and advice on the project they had proposed during the seminar series and which they were continuing to pursue. The history of the Philippine-American War needs to be studied in its totality as well, and the archival and documentary sources (despite the pilferage which occurred in the National Library where the Philippine Revolutionary Papers, originally referred to as the Philippine Insurgent Records, are kept) are awaiting examination and study. The culminating activity of the Centennial of the Philippine Revolution against Spain was the International Conference held at the Manila Hotel in August 1996, to which many of the participants were invited speakers. That conference not only included prominent scholars on the Philippines, nationally and internationally, but also participants from all over the Philippines. In preparation for this international conference, and in view of the fact that not all interested Philippine participants could attend in Manila, the National (Philippine) Centennial Commission, chaired by the late Vice-President Salvador Laurel, also convened regional centennial conferences in Baguio, Cebu, and Dapitan (Zamboanga del Norte). The lasting legacy of the centennial commemoration is the publication of the papers from these conferences (including conferences which were held abroad in commemoration of the Philippine Centennial – in Valladolid, Spain; in San Juan, Puerto Rico; in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and in Jakarta, Indonesia) as well as the reprinting of works by Filipino propagandistas and revolucionarios in the original Spanish and in English and Filipino translations. A highlight of the Centennial Commemorations of 1896-1898 was a Philippine Festival which was celebrated at the Smithsonian Institution Independence Mall featuring the Philippines and the Filipinos. It was a moment of celebration which made us Filipinos proud.
Institutional Linkages
The Philippine National Historical Society (PNHS) is a charter member of the Philippine Social Science Council and sits to represent the discipline of history, alternately with the Philippine Historical Association, every two years. The PNHS serves in the PSSC Board of Trustees alternately with the Philippine Historical Association every two years. The current PNHS President serves as Chair of the Technical Committee for History in the Technical Panel for the Social Sciences and Communication, Commission on Higher Education (CHED) until December 2017. The other members of the Technical Committee for History are Josefina D. Hofileña (Ateneo de Manila University), Augusto V. de Viana (University of Santo Tomas), and Rene E. Escalante (De La Salle University). PNHS is accredited to the National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research. PNHS lifetime member Dr. Stephen Henry S. Totanes from Ateneo de Naga University and Sorsogon State College sits as the PNHS Representative. PNHS lifetime members were elected as CHR Executive Committee members – Rolando O. Borrinaga, representing the Visayas; and Ma. Nela B. Florendo, representing Luzon. PNHS lifetime member Earl Jude Paul L. Cleope sits for Silliman University and is the CHR Vice-Head. The Annual National Conference on National and Local History convened by the PNHS is a flagship project of the NCCA-Committee on Historical Research, which has provided partial funding for the conferences and publications of selected papers from the PNHS conference proceedings in the Journal of History. PNHS is also accredited to the National Historical Commission of the Philippines and is a member of its Local Historical Committees Network.
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Bringing History to the People
Plot on a map of the Philippines where PNHS conferences and seminars have been convened and you will see that the Society has almost covered the entire archipelago, from Tuguegarao, Cagayan, in the north, to Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, in the south, and from Palawan in the west to Butuan in the east. Our goal is to go farther north to Batanes, when we can spot clear weather, and probably as far south as Sitangkay when facilities for a conference of about 150-200 participants could be made available. Maybe what we have been doing is still pretty insignificant in terms of the breadth and depth of total research on local and national history, but I dare say that we have already covered much ground, both in terms of the areas of research covered as well as in the number of people we have touched. We continue to get the support of local participants, the most enthusiastic and committed coming from Mindanao and Sulu, a testimony to the fact that the currents of research, as is the case with other matters, have hardly reached these areas. In practically all the conferences that PNHS has convened with the NCCA, PSSC, and all hosting institutions throughout the archipelago, Mindanao and Sulu participants have always outnumbered those from Luzon and Visayas, even if the venue is way up north in Baguio or Batac, or way down south in Bongao or Jolo. Typhoon weather does not discourage participants from coming even if it means travelling more than 20 hours to get to a conference site. It is rather unfortunate that it takes a roundabout way to go, for instance, from Jolo to Surigao. One of our speakers one year traveled two days ahead of the conference schedule, first taking a boat from Jolo to Zamboanga, staying overnight there and flying early the following morning to Cebu, so that he can make that one connection to Surigao on Wednesday afternoon for the opening of the conference on Thursday morning. He had to retrace his steps to go back to Jolo, a total of four days of travel alone for a three-day conference, but he came and has always come whenever we invite him to speak at the PNHS Conferences (Calbi A. Asain, MSU-Sulu). Participants go through a similar ordeal to travel from their home base to a PNHS Conference, barring storms and typhoons, traveling by sea and land transport. I think this is a testimony to their desire to connect with colleagues in the field, as well as to draw from the knowledge that flows from the 15 or so papers presented at each conference, and to bring back with them research papers and publications from the conference to share with colleagues at home. There is a two-way exchange that comes from gathering together participants from all over the country – it cannot but help to reinforce the identity and solidarity of one Filipino with another. On a personal level, we at PNHS have had a most wonderful opportunity to see how beautiful the Philippines and the Filipinos are. Today, the Philippine National Historical Society is one of the institutions in the Philippines at the forefront of historical research and scholarship, especially in local history situating it in the context of national history. Its long-running annual conferences (to date, the 40th) have provided not only the venue for debate and discussion of issues about the discipline of History, but also of the policies concerning the teaching of History as a subject. Likewise, the annual conferences have become the locus for interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies which link the study of the history of the Philippines to new and emerging sub-specializations in both the humanities and the social sciences. The PNHS Forums have provided local scholars the chance to share their current, completed, or as yet unpublished research, with much-needed information on archives and libraries inside or outside the Philippines. The Forums have also become a platform to welcome foreign scholars who disseminate their research in a venue which links them with local scholars and students. These activities make the PNHS a significant influencer in historical research and history networking now and in the future. [Portions of this article were written by Leslie E. Bauzon and published in the Philippine Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. II (Quezon City: Philippine Social Science Council, 1993). Updating of the history of the Philippine National Historical Society has been done by Bernardita Reyes Churchill, with contributions from by Felix I. Rodriguez (Seattle, USA, September 2017) and Maria Eloisa P. de Castro (September 2019).]
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PNHS National Conferences on Local and National History Since its first national conference on local and national history in 1978, annual national conferences have been held in the following venues: 1st 1978 Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro City 2nd 1979 Silliman University, Dumaguete City 3rd 1980 Negros Occidental Historical Commission, Bacolod City 4th 1981 San Carlos University, Cebu City 5th 1982 Mindanao State University–Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 6th 1984 College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, UP Diliman 7th 1985 Surigao City Historical Commission, Surigao City 8th 1987 Mindanao State University–General Santos 9th 1988 Butuan City Historical Commission, Butuan City 10th 1989 Mindanao State University–General Santos 11th 1990 Ateneo de Naga, Naga City 12th 1991 Mindanao State University–Marawi 13th 1992 Mindanao State University, Bongao, Tawi-Tawi 14th 1993 University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan 15th 1994 Palawan State University, Puerto Princesa City 16th 1995 Western Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City 17th 1996 Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Quezon City 18th 1997 Mindanao State University–Sulu, Jolo 19th 1998 Leyte Normal University, Tacloban City 20th 1999 University of the Philippines College Baguio 21st 2000 Ateneo de Naga University, Naga City 22nd 2001 Silliman University, Dumaguete City 23rd 2002 UP Cebu College, Cebu City 24th 2003 Surigaonon Heritage Center, Surigao City 25th 2004 Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 26th 2005 Mariano Marcos State University, Batac 27th 2006 Leyte Normal University, Tacloban City 28th 2007 Tangub City Historical Commission, Tangub City 29th 2008 University of the Philippines College Baguio Ifugao State College of Agriculture and Forestry, Banaue 30th 2009 Holy Name University, Tagbilaran City 31st 2010 Mindanao State University–General Santos 32nd 2011 Holy Angel University, Angeles City, Pampanga 33rd 2012 Silliman University, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental 34th 2013 Liceo de Cagayan University, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental 35th 2014 University of Northern Philippines, Heritage City of Vigan, Ilocos Sur 36th 2015 Provincial Government of Iloilo, Iloilo City 37th 2016 City Government of Butuan and Butuan City Heritage Society 38th 2017 Lyceum of Aparri, Cagayan 2018 Samar State University, Catbalogan, Samar 39th th 2019 National Museum of the Philippines, Manila 40 41st 2020 Silliman University, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
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PNHS Forum Series (2001-2019) Aside from the annual national conferences, since October 2001, the PNHS Board has also been holding a series of informal fora on Philippine history and historiography, and topics of relevance to the discipline of history. In a more intimate setting, a small and select group of academics/scholars discusses issues in history and historiography, and explores new avenues of research on a variety of topics related to social science disciplines and the humanities. The fora were usually held in the home of the PNHS President in UP Village, Quezon City, except for a few that were hosted by the Philippine Arts, Letters, and Media Council (PALM) in Metro Washington, D.C., when the PNHS President is in residence in the U.S. They are as follows: PNHS Forum Series #1 (Series 2001) – “Talakayan Ukol sa Pantayong Pananaw,” October 31, 2001 – Fr. Jose Rhommel B. Hernandez, O.P., Ph.D. candidate, UP History. PNHS Forum Series #2 (Series 2002) – “Power, Discourse, and the Continuing Search for a Philippine Nationalist Historiography,” September 14, 2002 – Francis A. Gealogo, Ph.D., Ateneo de Manila University. PNHS Forum Series #3 (Series 2002) – “The ‘Inside’ (True) Story of the Tadhana Project,” October 5, 2002 – Samuel K. Tan, Ph.D., Former Chairman and Executive Director, National Historical Institute. PNHS Forum Series #4 (Series 2002) – “Labor in a Time of Revolution: Poblete’s Obreros and the Road to Baguio, 1899-1908,” October 19, 2002 — Greg Bankoff, Ph.D., University of Auckland, New Zealand and Wageningen University, Netherlands. PNHS Forum Series #5 (Series 2003) – “Ukay-ukay: Negotiating Business and Identity Trends Through Second-hand Clothing in the Philippine Cordilleras,” August 6, 2003 – B. Lynne Milgram, Ph.D., Anthropologist, Ontario College of Art and Design. PNHS Forum Series #6 (Series 2003) – “Is the Suffragist an American Colonial Construct? Defining the Filipino Woman in Colonial Philippines,” August 30, 2003 – Mina Roces, Ph.D., University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. PNHS Forum Series #7 (Series 2003) – “The Balangiga Conflict: Causes, Impact, and Meaning” and “The Balangiga Bells,” September 24, 2003 – Rolando O. Borrinaga, Ph.D., School of Health Sciences, UP Manila, Palo Leyte; and Bob Couttie, Balangiga Research Group. PNHS Forum Series #8 (Series 2003) – “Subversive Identities: Cell Phones and Sex-Texts,” October 11, 2003 – Raul Pertierra, Ph.D., Ateneo de Manila University and UP Diliman). PNHS Forum Series #9 (Series 2003) – “Japanese Settlements in the Cordillera,” October 25, 2003 – Patricia O. Afable, Ph.D., Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. PNHS Forum Series #10 (Series 2004) – “The Tasaday Meet the 21st Century,” February 29, 2004 – John Nance, author of books on the Tasaday and Chair of Friends of Tasaday. PNHS Forum Series #11 (Series 2004) – “Castillian, or the Colonial Uncanny: Translation and the Vernacular Theater,” November 10, 2004 – Vicente L. Rafael, Ph.D., University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. USA. PNHS Forum Series #12 (Series 2004) – “Becoming Spanish Subjects: Chinese Society in The Spanish Philippines, 1750-1820,” November 15, 2004 — Nariko Sugaya, Ehime University, Matsuyama–shi, Japan. PNHS Forum Series #13 (Series 2004) – “The Role of the Black Legend in the US Occupation Activities of the Philippine Islands,” November 27, 2004 – William Summers, Ph.D., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. PNHS Forum Series #14 (Series 2005) – “Updates on Philippine Studies Internationally (USA, Europe, Japan),” July 15, 2005 – Belinda A. Aquino, Ph.D., Director, Center for Philippine Studies, University of Hawai’i at Mano’a, Honolulu, USA.
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PNHS Forum Series #15 (Series 2005) – “Mindanao: A Perspective on Youth, Inter-Ethnic Dialogue, and Conflict Resolution in the Southern Philippines,” August 5, 2005 – Susan D. Russell, Ph.D., Northern Illinois University and Philippine Studies Group (PSG), Association for Asian Studies (AAS), USA. PNHS Forum Series #16 (Series 2005) – “`Pacific Theater: Reel War in the Philippines, 1919-1945,” November 4, 2005 – Sharon Delmendo, Ph.D., St John Fisher College, Rochester, New York, USA. PNHS Forum Series #17 (Series 2005) – “Music in Manila in the 19th Century,” November 19, 2005 – William Summers, Ph.D., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. PNHS Forum Series #18 (Series 2005) – “Ambivalent Belligerents: African-American Soldiers, Filipinos, and the Philippine-American War,” November 28, 2005 – Cynthia Marasigan, Fulbright Scholar, Ph.D. Candidate in History, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. PNHS Forum Series #19 (Series 2005) – “Appreciating Heritage through a Multi-Sensory Approach,” December 7, 2005 – Fernando N. Zialcita, Ph.D., Ateneo de Manila University. PNHS Forum Series #20 (Series 2006) – “Reclaimed, Re-used, Recycled: Developing Alternatives in Fashion and Work in the Urban Philippines,” July 1, 2006 – B. Lynne Milgram, Ph.D., Ontario College of Art and Design, Toronto, Canada. PNHS Forum Series #21 (Series 2006) – “Philippine Studies in the United States (Philippine Studies Group), in Europe (EUROPHIL) and Internationally (ICOPHIL),” July 11, 2006 – Belinda A. Aquino, Ph.D., Center for Philippine Studies, University of Hawaii, and Susan Russell, Ph.D., Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA, Co-hosted with Philippine Studies Association (Manila). PNHS Forum Series #22 (Series 2006) – “Buried Stories, Living Legacies: African-American Soldiers of the Philippine-American War,” October 5, 2006 – Cynthia Marasigan, Fulbright Scholar, Ph.D. Candidate in History, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. PNHS Forum Series #23 (Series 2006) – “Memory and Imagination: New Pathways to The Library of Congress,” October 21, 2006 – William Paul Tuchrello, Southeast Asia Field Director, Library of Congress, Jakarta, Indonesia. PNHS Forum Series #24 (Series 2006) – “Music in the Dramatic Theaters in Manila, 1848-1851,” November 18, 2007 – William Summers, Ph.D., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. PNHS Forum Series #25 (Series 2006) – “The Spanish Community in the Philippines, 1935-1939: The Impact of the War in Spain and the Preparations for Philippine Independence,” December 1, 2006 – Florentino Rodao, Ph.D., Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. PNHS Forum Series #26 (Series 2007) – The Colors of Empire: Race and Curriculum In American Philippines,” June 30, 2007 – Roland Sintos Coloma, Ph.D., Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA. PNHS Forum Series #27 (Series 2007) – “Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Philippines,” November 10, 2007 – Nicole Revel, Ph.D., Professor emeritus, former Director of Research at the Centre National de la Reserche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France. PNHS Forum Series #28 (Series 2008) – “Cinema and History,” August 18, 2008 – Nick Deocampo, Center for New Cinema, Quezon City. PNHS Forum Series #29 (Series 2008) – “James Alexander Robertson and the Construction of The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, and the Modern Philippine Library” – Gus Vibal, Vibal Foundation, November 14, 2008. PNHS Forum Series #30 (Series 2010) – “Chinese and Chinese Mestizos in Manila” – Richard T. Chu, Ph.D., University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA, August 16, 2010. PNHS Forum Series # 31 (Series 2011) – “Remembering Nick Joaquin” and showing of “A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino” – Tony Joaquin and Gloria C. Kismadi, September 17, 2011. PNHS Forum Series # 32 (Series 2012) – “Update on Field Work on Hudhud epic” – Maria Stanyukovich, Ph.D., Russian Academy of Science, Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), St. Petersburg, Russia. August 6, 2012. PNHS Forum Series # 33 (Series 2013) – “Indigenous Identity in the Spanish Colonial World: A Comparative Perspective on Colonial Administrative Strategies and Cultural Hegemony in the New World and the Philippines” – Christine Beaulé, Ph.D., University of Hawai’i at Mano’a, July 22, 2013
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PNHS Forum Series # 34 (Series 2013) – “Tsinoy Family Histories: Reconstituting what is “Philippine” and “Filipino” – Richard T. Chu, Ph.D., Five College Associate Professor of History, University of Amherst, Massachusetts, USA, August 24, 2013 PNHS Forum Series # 35 (Series 2013) – “Jāwī Manuscripts in the National Archives of the Philippines” – Isaac Donoso, Ph.D., Universidad de Alicante, España, August 31, 2013 PNHS Forum Series # 36 (Series 2013) – “Finding One’s Sources: The Early Spanish Philippines to about 1620” – John N. Crossley, Ph.D., Professor emeritus, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, September 2, 2013 PNHS Forum Series # 37 (Series 2013) – “Finding Ones Sources: The Early Spanish Philippines to about 1620” – September 2, 2013 – John N. Crossley, Ph.D., Professor emeritus, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. PNHS Forum Series # 38 (Series 2014) – “Lascars, Sepoys, and Other Indian Ocean Worlds of the British Occupation (1762-1764)” – November 20, 2014 – Megan C. Thomas, University of California-Sta. Cruz, CA. PNHS Forum Series # 39 (Series 2015) [Philippine National Historical Society in Washington, D.C.] – “Filipinizing the Foreign: The Creation of a Transpacific, Transnational, and Transcultural Davao: 1898-1941” – February 28, 2015 – Patricia Irene N. Dacudao, Ateneo de Manila University, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia. PNHS Forum Series # 40 (Series 2015) – “The Philippines on the Potomac: Searching for Filipino History and Culture in Washington, D.C.,” – July 25, 2015 – Erwin Tiongson, Ph.D., Georgetown University; and Titchie Carandang-Tiongson, Prize-winning writer, July 25, 2015. PNHS Forum Series #41 (Series 2016) – “Conversations on Perspectives in Philippine History: The Emergence of the Philippine Nation” – November 19 2016 – Paul A. Dumol, Ph.D., University of Asia and the Pacific. PNHS Forum Series #42 (Series 2016) – Film – “Headhunting William Jones,” – December 10, 2016 – Collis H. Davis, Jr., Producer, Writer and Director, with Violeta P. Hughes, Associate Producer, Translator, and Researcher. PNHS Forum Series #43 (Series 2017) Philippine National Historical Society, in Washington, D.C., with PALM, Washington, D.C., USA – Hosted by Lyta and Ric Sese. 1. Film Screening – “Corregidor: The Road Back” and “Manila 1945: The Rest of the Story,” – March 25, 2017 – Spyron-AV Manila, Writer and Director Peter Parsons, with Lucky Guillermo, Assistant Director. 2. Film Screening – Collis H. Davis, Jr. – “Headhunting William Jones” – April, 9, 2017 – Resource Person – Patricia O. Afable, Ph.D., Anthropologist, Independent Scholar. 3. Film Screening – “Batanes: A Documentary on the Environment in the Philippines” – June 4, 2017 – Directed by Nick Deocampo; Resource Person – Cherubim A. Quizon, Ph.D., Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey, USA. PNHS Forum Series #44 (Series 2017) – “The Japanese Propagandists’ Ideology Behind Their Propaganda Slogans and Other Propaganda-Related Work during the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines,” – August 6, 2017 – Motoe Terami-Wada, Ph. D., Historian, Independent Scholar. PNHS Forum Series #45 (Series 2017) – “From War to Peace: Some Thoughts on the RP-Japan Relations in the Age of Co-Partnership of the 21st Century,” – September 2, 2017 – Yoshiko Nagano, Ph.D., Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan. PNHS Forum Series #46 (Series 2017) – “Conversations on Philippine History Anything and Everything” – September 16, 2017 – Reynaldo C. Ileto, Ph.D., National University of Singapore, and Vicente L. Rafael, Ph.D., University of Washington Seattle, USA. PNHS Forum 47 (Series 2017) – November 18, 2017 – “The Writing of Subversive Lives: A Family Memoir of the Marcos Years, edited by Susan F. Quimpo and Nathan Gilbert Quimpo (Anvil, 2002) – Susan F. Quimpo. PNHS Forum 48 (Series 2018) – with The Philippine Arts, Letters and Media Council, Inc. Washington, D.C. – April 1, 2018, Hosted by Lyta and Ric Sese – “Baybayin at the University of Santo Tomas Archives” – Regalado Trota Jose, Archivist, University of Santo Tomas Archives.
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PNHS Forum 49 (Series 2018) – with the Philippine Arts, Letters, and Media Council, Inc., Washington, D.C. – April 18, 2018, Hosted by Lyta and Ric Sese – Video Screening of “Dayaw – Our Knowledge, Our Pride,” National Commission for Culture and the Arts and ABS-CBN News Channel (ANC), hosted by Senator Loren Legarda; and Video of “Secret War in the Pacific – The Story of Commander Charles “Chick Parsons,” Peter Parsons and Moon River Productions. PNHS Forum 50 (Series 2018) – with the Philippine Arts, Letters and Media Council, Inc., Washington, D.C., USA – May 5, 2018, Hosted by Lyta and Ric Sese – “The Philippine Military Academy: Is it still relevant to the country? – Sonny Busa, Visiting Professor of International Relations, Philippine Military Academy, retired US State Department diplomat, US Army officer, and lecturer at West Point. PNHS Forum 51 (Series 2018) – “Understanding the Philippine Financial Crisis after WWI in the Wider Setting of Southeast Asian History” – September 1, 2018 – Yoshiko Nagano, Ph.D., Professor of International Relations and Asian Studies, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan. PNHS Forum 52 (Series 2018) – Private Screening – HONOR – The Legacy of Jose Abad Santos – Desiree Ann C. Benipayo – October 19, 2018, Philippine World War II Memorial Foundation, Quezon Cit PNHS Forum 53 (Series 2018) - Country of Transit: The United Nations Evacuation Center for ‘White Russians’ in Tubabao Island, Guiuan, Philippines (1949-1951) – December 1, 2018 - Kinna Mae G. Kwan, University of Santo Tomas Graduate School, CCCPET. PNHS Forum 54 (Series 2019) – “Vale poco” [of little value]- a Forgotten Spanish-Chinese Dictionary, with Additional Vignettes on Normandy (France) Churches, with reference to the study and conservation of Philippine colonial churches and Philippinologist Jean-Jean Paul Potet, and the Louvre Abu Dhabi with a special exhibition of a Manila studio’s album of Cordillera Peoples – August 31, 2019 – Regalado Trota Jose, Professor and Archivist, Archivo de Universidad de Santo Tomás. PNHS Forum 55 (Series 2019) – Using the Filipiniana Collection of the Lilly Library in Indiana University – September 7, 2019 – Grace Liza Y. Concepcion, University of Asia and the Pacific. PNHS Forum 56 (Series 2019) – The Philippine Association for Chinese Industrial Cooperatives: War Relief, Democracy, and Cross-Cultural Organizing in Pre-WWII Manila – September 14, 2019 – Kenneth Guest, Ph.D., Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Baruch College, City University of New York. PNHS Forum 57 (Series 2019) – Baybayin in the Age of Chat – October 12, 2019, Horacio “Howie” Severino, broadcast journalist, GMA TV.
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CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE PHILIPPINES HISTORICAL SOCIETY (As Amended) Article I—Name.—This organization shall be known as the Philippines Historical Society. Art. II—Object.—It shall be the aim of this Society to encourage and undertake the study of Philippine history. Art. III—Membership.—Membership in this Society shall be of four kinds: charter, regular, corresponding and honorary. Charter members are those present in the organization of this Society. Regular members are those admitted by a majority vote of the Board of Directors. Corresponding members are those similarly admitted but who live outside Manila. Honorary members are those who may be elected from time to time by a majority vote of the Society. Art. IV—Officers.—The Society shall elect from among its members a Board of Directors composed of a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary-Treasurer and four Directors which shall be the governing body of the Society. These officers shall hold office for a term of two years, or until their successors are elected and qualified. Art. V—Duties of Officers.—The officers provided by the Constitution shall have the duties and perform the functions customarily attached to their respective offices, together with such others as may from time to time be prescribed by law. The Board of Directors shall have the power to shape the general policy of the Society and to dispose of matters of the Society needing immediate action, but such disposition shall be subject to the approval of the Society. Art. VI—Election of Officers.—Election of officers shall be by secret ballot. All charter and regular members of the Society shall have the right to vote and be elected to any office. Art. VII—Impeachment.—Any officer of the Society may be impeached for cause by two-thirds vote of all the members of the Society. Art. VIII—Meetings.—Meetings of the Society shall either be regular or special. Regular meetings shall be held once a year, the place and the date to be determined by the Board of Directors; while special meetings may be called from time to time by the President or by any five of the members. A majority of the members in attendance shall constitute a quorum to transact business and a majority vote in the meeting shall control its decision, except as in the case of admission of members and impeachment of officers as herein provided. Art. IX—Dues and Donations.—Charter, regular, and corresponding members shall pay such dues as the Board of Directors may determine, but until otherwise so prescribed, they shall pay a membership fee of Two Pesos and Five Pesos as annual subscription fee for its Journal.* The Board may also receive, on behalf of the Society, donations from members and other persons and entities. Each member of the Society shall be entitled to a copy of all the publications of the Society issued during the period of his or her membership. Art. X—Amendments.—Amendments to the Constitution and By-Laws shall be proposed by the Board of Directors or by any ten of its members at any meeting of the Society and two thirds of the vote of those present shall be required to approve the proposal. Art. XI—Date of Taking Effect.—This Constitution and By-Laws shall take effect upon its approval. Approved: February 2, 1941. * As amended March 5, 1950.
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OFFICERS OF THE PHILIPPINES HISTORICAL SOCIETY* EULOGIO B. RODRIGUEZ President National Library
JAIME C. DE VEYRA Vice-President Institute of National Language
EUFRONIO M. ALIP Secretary-Treasurer University of Santo Tomas Directors
EVERGISTO BAZACO, O.P. University of Santo Tomas
LEANDRO H. FERNANDEZ University of the Philippines
BENITO SOLIVEN National Assembly
GREGORIO F. ZAIDE Far Eastern University Complete List of Members (As of Oct. 25, 1941)
Abad, Antonio K. Abdua, Yahiya H. Abella, Catalino Africa, Candido M. Agbayani, Adeudato J. Albano, Daniel S. Albert, Angel Ma. Rufino, Alejandro Alip, Eufronio M. Aquino, Eustaquio Asuncion, Severo Ataviado, Elias M. Agorilla, Amado Apostol, Jose P. Aunario, Pedro Bantug, Jose P. Barba, Tomas M. Barcelon, Emoterio B. Basa, Rosario C. Bazaco, Evergisto, O.P. Buenaventura, Pascual Benitez, Conrado Blackman, Roy B. Bulay, Andres Cajigal, Vicente Calixto, Valentina Capino, Diosdado G. Catbagan, Mariano Cabral, Aurelio C. Carlos, Esteban N. Carreon, Manuel L. Carson, Arthur L. Castillo, Jose Lopez del Cayetano, Simeon Castañeda, Vicente Chambers, R. Fred Clemente, Tito Costa, Horacio de la, S.J.
Castro, Hermenegildo Dacalaño, Eusebio Daquiang, Severo Diaz, Lourdes A. Ella, Zosimo C. Enriquez, Jose T. Esperidion, Pablo M. Estrada, Josefa Gonzalez Fabella, Gabriel F. Fabia, Aniceto Fajardo, Leocadio N. Feliciano, Jose M. Fermin, Benigno Fernandez, Leandro H. Flores, Angelita Fonacier, Tomas V. Franco, Juan V. Frankel, Walter K. Galimba, Jacinto Gallego, Manuel Gallego, Thelma Garcia, Dominga Garcia, Ricardo P. Garcia, Urbano Gonzalez, Domingo L. Gonzalez, Jose Ma., O.P. Gonzalez, Leon Ma. Goyena, Mariano del Prado Gragasin, Jose V. Grau-Santamaria, Mercedes Guerrero, Luis Gulang, Honesta Guloy, Elisa U. Gwekoh, Sol. H. Icasiano, Francisco B. Joaquin, Aurelio E.
Joson, Potenciano Kalaw, Maximo M. Kalaw, Pura Villanueva Labrador, Benigno Labrador, Juan, O.P. Lacsama, Orlando Lardizabal, Mena Laus, Emiliano Loquillano, Ma. Orofa Lopez, Leonelo Rizal Lozano, Elena R. Lucas, Pablo Luz-Samaniego, Lourdes Luna, Juan Manaligod, A. M., S. V. D. Martinez, Efigenio C. Marañon, Joaquin Mendez, Policarpio, Paz Mendiola, Nemesio Montilla, Luis Muñoz, Florencio, O.P. Natividad, Mother Navarro, Miguel Fr. Ocampo, Juvencio Osias, Camilo Orata, Pedro T. Panganiban, José Villa Pansoy, Epifanio Pascual, Wenceslao Pendon, Miguel G. Peña, Natividad Perez, Gilbert S. Perez, Matias Polo, Melecio, O.S.A. Progreso, James Pulido, Baldomero Quilon, Nicolas Repetti, William C., S.J.
Reyes, Carmelo Reyes, Juan S. Robb, Walter Rodriguez, Eulogio B. Ronquillo, Beatriz P. Rosario, Amado del Rosario, Vicente J. del Roxas, Manuel Sales, Federico D. Sanchez, Jose Ma., O.F.M. Saniel, Isidro Santos, Albina Santos, Alejandro Santos, Librada Santos, Mariano V. de los Santos, Paterno Santos-Montemayor, Patricia Sebastian, Candelaria Selga, Miguel, S.J. Serrano, Luis Sian, Vicente R. Silliman, R. B. Sison, Perfecto S. Soliven, Benito T. Tumaneng, Tiburcio Tutay, Filemon V. Uichanco, Leopoldo B. Veyra, Jaime C. de Veyra, Martin de Verzosa, Paul R. Villanueva, Consolacion Villanueva, Francisco M. Wico, David G. Yabes, Gregorio Zafra Nicolas Zaide, Gregorio F.
* Journal of the Philippine Historical Society. Vol. I, No. 2 (October 1941)
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PHILIPPINES HISTORICAL SOCIETY OFFICERS 1950-52 EUFRONIO M. ALIP President NICOLAS ZAFRA Vice-President
GABRIEL FABELLA Secretary-Treasurer
GREGORIO BORLAZA Asst. Secretary DIRECTORS
JAIME C. DE VEYRA LUIS MONTILLA
FR. EVERGISTO BAZACO, O.P. JOSE P. BANTUG CHARTER MEMBERS
Name 1. Antonio K. Abad 2. Adeudato J. Agbayani 3. Eufronio M. Alip 4. Elias M. Ataviado 5. Amado Agorilla 6. Jose P. Apostol 7. Jose P. Bantug 8. Fr. Evergisto Bazaco, O.P. 9. Conrado Benitez 10. Roy B. Blackman 11. Diosdado G. Capino 12. Fr. Horacio de la Costa, S.J. 13. Jose T. Enriquez 14. Zosimo C. Ella 15. Gabriel F. Fabella 16. Leandro H. Fernandez† 17. Tomas S. Fonacier 18. Jacinto Galimba 19. Fr. Jose Ma. Gonzales, O.P. 20. Mercedes Grau Santamaria 21. Jose V. Gragasin 22. Fr. Juan Labrador, O.P. 23. Emiliano Laus 24. Pablo Lucas 25. Patricia Santos Montemayor 26. Luis Montilla 27. Fr. Florencio Muñoz, O.P. 28. Camilo Osias 29. Gilbert S. Perez 30. Melecio Polo, O.S.A.
Address Philippine Senate Philippine Consulate, Australia 1312 Dos Castillas, Manila Metropolitan Water District Adult Educ. Div., Bur., of Pub. Schools Bureau of Public Libraries Bureau of Health Letran College Philippine Women’s University Arellano University Sacred Heart Novitiate, Novaliches, Q.C. Publications Div., Bureau of Pub. Schools University of the East Dept. of History, University of the Philippines University of the Philippines Dept. of History, Univ. of the Philippines Arellano University U.S.T. Seminary College of Education, U.S.T. University of the East U.S.T. Seminary National University Director, Bureau of Printing Director, Bureau of Public Libraries Philippine Senate Vocational Div., Bureau of Public Schools
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31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.
Baldomero Pulido Fr. William C. Repetti, S.J. Walter Robb Eulogio B. Rodriguez† Fr. Jose Maria Sanchez, O.S.F. Mariano V. de los Santos Paterno Santos Fr. Miguel Selga, S.J. Luis Serrano Benito Soliven† Paul R. Verzosa Martin P. de Veyra† Jaime C. de Veyra David G. Wico Gregorio Yabez Nicolas Zafra Gregorio F. Zaide
The Manila Observatory The National Library President, University of Manila Registrar, University of the Philippines San Jose Seminary, P.O. Box 3169, Q.C. Manila Times, Florentino Torres, Manila Centro Escolar University Bureau of Public Libraries Dept. of History, Univ. of the Philippines Quezon Memorial Colleges, Quezon City University of the Philippines Far Eastern University REGULAR MEMBERS
48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79.
Dr. Dominador Abella Mauricio M. Alip Fr. Augusto Antonio Matias Basco Jose Batungbacal Dr. Gregorio C. Borlaza Arsenio A. Capacio Vicente N. Cusi, Jr. Rodolfo Dato Socorro Espiritu Segundino E. Fabella Arnaldo S. Fallarme Antonio Francisco Dr. Guadalupe Fores-Ganzon Mariano O. Garcia Mauro Garcia Filemon F. Guerra Renato R. Guzman Elizabeth L. Hassell Charles Orville Houston Constancia de Jesus Dean Roxy Lefforge Apolinar Martin Ignacio Meliton Walter Miles Esteban de Ocampo Dr. Carmelo Peñaflor Crescencio Peralta Dominador A. Perez Rosalia Patajo-Punsal Carlos Quirino Jorge Revilla
Naga City 1869 Azcarraga, Manila Letran College Notre Dame Colleges, Cotabato, Cotabato Orani, Bataan Northwestern Colleges, Dagupan City Registrar, Oriental Colleges, Manila Cotabato, Cotabato Naga City Philippine Normal College Banton High School, Jones, Romblon Fabella High School, Roxas, Mindoro 33-A Pasilio 1, Yangco Market, Manila Dept. of History, Univ. of the Philippines Bureau of Private Schools 350 Gomez St., Paco, Manila Dean, Romblon Col., Odiongan, Romblon Registrar, Romblon Col., Odiongan, Romblon Dept. of History, Univ. of the Philippines U.M. 105 Alejandro VI, Manila 631 Malabon St., Sta. Cruz, Manila Phil. Christian Col., 709 Tennessee, Manila Lansones Road, Malabon, Rizal Naga City University of the Philippines 6 Kamias Road, Quezon City 4 Baldwin St., Manila 632 Makiling St., Sampaloc, Manila 418 Geliños, Sampaloc, Manila Institute of Arts and Sciences, F.E.U. 1357 General Luna St., Manila
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80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94.
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Bonifacio S. Salamanca Justina A. Saltiva Antonio R. Sanglay Josefa M. Saniel Jose P. Santos Zosimo R. Suarez Donata V. Taylo Dr. Honesto A. Villanueva Jesus Sablan Zapanta Dr. Canuto Casim Candida A. Cabatu Alberta Jose Roman Lorenzo Demetria Pujante Emiliano Ramirez
Department of History, U.P. Department of History, U.P. University of the East Department of History, U.P. Bureau of Public Libraries Welfareville, Mandaluyong, Rizal Department of History, U.P. Department of History, U.P. College of Education, U.S.T. University of the East University of St. Tomas Library Bureau of Private Schools Div. Supt. for Laguna, Sta. Cruz, Laguna Bureau of Private Schools Div. Supt. for Cavite, Cavite City
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Board of Trustees (2019) Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. Established 1941 Charter Member, Philippine Social Science Council, Inc. Accredited to National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research National Historical Commission of the Philippines Member – Local Historical Committees Network President Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Ph. D. Professor / Professorial Lecturer (Retired) Department of History, College of Social Sciences and Philoshopy University of the Philippines Diliman Vice President for Luzon Manuel R. Zamora, Jr. Assistant Professor Chair, Religious Education Area Colegio de San Juan de Letrán Intramuros Vice President for the Visayas George Emmanuel R. Borrinaga Assistant Professor Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History University of San Carlos Cebu City, Cebu Vice President for Mindanao Domingo M. Non, Ph.D. Professor (Retired) Mindanao State University – General Santos South Cotabato Vice President Calbi A. Asain, Ph.D. for Sulu and Tawi-Tawi Professor, College of Arts and Sciences (Retired) Director, Research and Extension Mindanao State University Sulu Jolo, Sulu Secretary Marcelino M. Macapinlac, Jr., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of History De La Salle University Manila Treasurer Pacita S. Carluen Accreditor, PAASCU, for Basic Education Xavier School (Retired) Greenhills West, San Juan City Leslie E. Bauzon, Ph.D. Professor of History (Retired) First Dean, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy University of the Philippines Diliman President emeritus, Philippine National Historical Society, Inc.
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Board of Trustees and Advisory Council Digna B. Apilado Associate Professor (Retired) Department of History College of Social Sciences and Philosophy University of the Philippines Diliman
Grace Liza Y. Concepcion, Ph.D. Faculty Member, Department of History Vice Dean for Faculty Affairs College of Arts and Sciences University of Asia and the Pacific Pasig City
Mary Jane Louise A. Bolunia, Ph.D. Museum Curator II Archaeology Division National Museum of the Philippines
Ma. Eloisa P. de Castro, Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of History Faculty of Arts and Letters University of Santo Tomas
Rolando S. DelaGoza, CM, Ph.D. President emeritus, Adamson University St. Vincent’s School of Theology Tandang Sora, Quezon City
Lorelei D.C. de Viana, Ph.D. Architect/Architecture Lecturer College of Architecture University of the Philippines Diliman University of Santo Tomas
Gil G. Gotiangco, Jr. II Professor of History (Retired) College of Social Sciences and Philosophy University of the Philippines Diliman
Regalado Trota Jose Professor of Art Studies and Archivist Archivo de la Universidad de Santo TomĂĄs University of Santo Tomas
Regan P. Jomao-as Associate Professor and Chair History and Political Science Department Silliman University, Dumaguete City
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Journal of History Philippine National Historical Society Bernardita Reyes Churchill Executive Editor
Editorial Advisory Board Calbi A. Asain Mindanao State University Jolo Rolando O. Borrinaga UP Manila at Palo, Leyte Earl Jude Paul L. Cleope Sillliman University Maria Nela B. Florendo University of the Philippines Baguio
International Advisory Board Prof. Belinda A. Aquino Professor emerita Center for Philippine Studies University of Hawai’i at Mano’a Honolulu, Hawai’i, USA Prof. Greg Bankoff Professor of Modern History Department of History Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Hull Cottingham Hall, Hull HU6 7RX UNITED KINGDOM Richard T. Chu, Ph.D. Five College Associate Professor History Department University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA Leonor Diaz de Seabra, Ph.D. Department of Portuguese Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Macau PEOPLES’ REPUBLIC OF CHINA
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Shinzo Hayase, Ph.D. Department of History Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka, JAPAN Dr. Paul H. Kratoska National University of Singapore SINGAPORE Prof. Otto D. van den Muijzenberg, Ph.D. Sociology and Modern History South and Southeast Asia Centre for Asian Studies Amsterdam School for Social Science Research Amsterdam, The NETHERLANDS Prof. Yoshiko Nagano, Ph.D. Faculty of Human Sciences Kanagawa University 3/27/1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku Yokohama, JAPAN Prof. Mina Roces, Ph.D. School of History and Philosophy The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales AUSTRALIA Prof. Florentino Rodao, Ph.D. Despacho C-222. Historia de la Comunicaciรณn Social Facultad de Ciencias de la Informaciรณn Universidad Complutense de Madrid E-28040 Madrid, ESPAร A Prof. Paul A. Rodell, Ph.D. Department of History P.O. Box 8054 Georgia SouthernUniversity Statesboro, Georgia, USA Maria V. Stanyukovich, Ph.D. Chair, Dept. of Australia, Oceania and Indonesia Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) Russian Academy of Science Saint Petersburg, RUSSIA
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Philippine National Historical Society (Founded February 1941)
The official PNHS publication is the Journal of History, issued annually, and features selected papers from the annual national conferences, refereed by a Philippine Editorial Advisory Board and an International Editorial Advisory Board. The maiden issue with the title, Journal of the Philippine Historical Society, was published in July 1941 (vol.1, no. 1), and was edited by Eufronio M. Alip. No issues were published during the period of the Japanese Occupation (1942-1945). Publication was resumed in 1952 (vol. 2, no. 1). Since 1991, annual issues have been published, thanks to partial publication grants from the National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research – where the PNHS is accredited to and where the National Conference on Local and National History is a flagship project. There are, however, Journal of History back issues (1995-1998) which are volumes of the conference papers on the history of Muslim Filipinos and are projected for publication. Except for a few old issues which could not be located in the course of a recent search from various depositories in the Philippines and the United States (JOH volumes for 1954, 1967, 1968, 1970, and 1975), all issues are now in digital form and published online by C & E Publishing – The Journal of History: E-Journal: https://ejournals.ph/issue.php?id=915. PNHS Newsletter has been published since 1995; PNHS Newsletter 2019 is Vol. 20 (October 2019).
History of PNHS Publications
The PNHS started a monograph series: The Story of a Province – Surigao Across the Years by Fernando A. Almeda, Jr. (1993); Land of Hope, Land of Want – A Socio-Economic History of Negros, 1571-1985, by Violeta Lopez Gonzaga (1994); and Vignettes of Philippine History by Teodoro A. Agoncillo (2012). The PNHS also contributed the section on the discipline of history in Volume II of the Philippine Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, “History and Current Situation of the Discipline of History in the Philippines,” published by the Philippine Social Science Council in 1993. This article was revised and updated and was published in the Philippine Social Sciences Report – Philippine Social Sciences: Capacities, Directions, and Challenges, edited by Virginia A. Miralao and Joanne B. Agbisit (2012). Selected papers from two conferences have been published other than as issues of the Journal of History. Selected Papers of the 9th National Conference on Local and National History (Butuan City, November 8-12, 1988) were published in the volume, In Search of Historical Truth, edited by Leslie E. Bauzon, co-published with the Heritage Publishing House (1992). Papers from the 12th National Conference on Local and National History held at MSU-Marawi (October 22-24, 1991) were published in the issue, “The Shaping of Philippine History: Focus on Mindanao,” in the Mindanao Journal (MSU-Marawi: XIX, 1-2, July-December 1992). The Philippine National Historical Society has co-published monographs with the National Commission on Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research (which has sponsored its annual conferences from 1995-1998, and also from 2002-2014 thru funding grants for the conference and the publication of the Journal of History) and the Manila Studies Association, Inc., such as Manila: Selected Papers of the Annual Conferences of the Manila Studies Association, 1989-1993, edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill (1994); Determining the Truth, The Story of Andres Bonifacio (Being Critiques of and Commentaries on Inventing a Hero, The Posthumous Re-creation of Andres Bonifacio), edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill (1997, 1998); A History of the Philippines, by Samuel K. Tan (1998); Centennial Papers on The Katipunan and the Revolution, edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill and Francis A. Gealogo (Centennial Volume, 1999); The Revolution in the Provinces, edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Centennial Volume, 1999); Batis ng Kasaysayan: Historical Sources (vol. 1, issue 1, 2004), edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill, with Madrileña de la Cerna, Faina C. Abaya-Ulindang and Augusto V. de Viana (Associate Editors); and Batis ng Kasaysayan 2011: The Movement for Independence of the Philippines (1896-1898) Calendar of Documents in the Archives of the Cuerpo de Vigilancia de Manila, edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor), Eden Manalo Gripaldo, and Digna Balangue Apilado (Associate Editors).
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In 1998, during the Centennial of the Declaration of Independence, the Philippine National Historical Society, with the assistance and sponsorship of the National Centennial Commission and the National Historical Institute, under then Chairman and Executive Director, Samuel K. Tan, conducted 16 regional seminar-workshops on oral and local history on the theme “History from the People, Kasaysayan Mula Sa Bayan,” thus continuing its tradition of advancing the frontiers of historical research in local history in the context of national history. The proceedings of the seminars were published in 16 volumes, four each edited by Digna Balangue Apilado, Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Eden Manalo Gripaldo, and Violeta S. Ignacio. The seminar-workshops were held in Vigan, (Ilocos Sur), Tuguegarao (Cagayan), Muñoz (Nueva Ecija), Los Baños (Laguna), Naga (Camarines Sur), Miag-ao (Iloilo), Dumaguete (Negros Oriental), Dapitan (Zamboanga del Norte), Davao City (Davao del Sur), Calapan (Mindoro Oriental), General Santos (South Cotabato), Cotabato City (Maguindanao), Bago City (Negros Occidental), Surigao City (Surigao del Norte), Koronadal (South Cotabato), and Bangued (Abra). In recognition of its participation in the celebration of the Centennial of the Philippine Revolution (1996) and the Proclamation of Philippine Independence (1998), the PNHS, on April 30, 1999, received the Gawad Sentenaryo from the National Centennial Commission “Bilang pagkilala at pasasalamat sa mahalagang pakiki-isa nito sa layunin at adhikain ng Komisyon upang maisakatuparan ang matagumpay na Pagdiriwang ng Sentenaryo ng Kasarinlan ng Pilipinas noong ika-12 ng Hunyo, 1998.”
Journal of History
The first issue of the Journal of History was published in 1941. Almost a complete set of the Journal of History is in the BRC Library, UP Village. The PNHS President tracked down missing volumes in the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., but was unable to complete all the volumes – hence Volume 14 (1967) and Volume 23 (1978) are not available. Volume 1999 to Volume 2001 are back issues that will be updated. Published with the Manila Studies Association and National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research 1991-1992 Selected Papers on Bikol Studies Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Issue Editor) 1993/1994 Selected Papers on Cities in Philippine History Maria Luisa T. Camagay and Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Issue Editors) 1998 The Muslim Filipinos in Philippine History Calbi A. Asain and Rolando O. Borrinaga (Issue Editors) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 1999, 2000, Back Issues for Completion 2001, 2002 2002 A Century of Education in the Philippines With the Public Affairs Office, United States Embassy, Manila, and the University of Asia and the Pacific 2012 Rizal Sesquicentennial Edition Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) Patrick Anthony S. de Castro and Digna Balangue Apilado (Associate Editors) 2012 Celebrating 70 Years of PNHS: Looking Back, Looking Forward – Historical Antecedents and Future Prospects in National and Local History Rolando O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 2012 Rizal Sesquicentennial Edition Edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) Patrick Anthony S. de Castro and Digna Balangue Apilado (Associate Editors)
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2013 History and Environment Rolando O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 2014 History and Culture Rolando O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 2015 History and Northern Philippines: Local History in the Context of National History Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Issue Editor) 2016 History and the Central Philippines: Local History in the Context of National History Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Issue Editor) 2017 Mindanao History in the Context of National History Rolanda O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 2018 History and the Cagayan Valley/Northeastern Luzon: Local History in the Context of National History Rolanda O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) 2019 History and the Eastern Visayas: Local History in the Context of National History Rolanda O. Borrinaga (Issue Editor) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) On November 17, 2018, the Philippine Social Science Council (PSSC) presented to the Journal of History a Certificate of Recognition as the Most Improved Journal during the 50th Anniversary Celebration of the PSSC.
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Proceedings from the Seminar-Workshop Series on Oral and Local History (1998) – History from the People (16 volumes) (1998, 1999) Published with the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (formerly National Historical Institute) History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 1, Vigan, Ilocos Sur. Edited by Digna Balangue Apilado History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 2, Tuguegarao, Cagayan. Edited by Digna Balangue Apilado History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol 3, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija. Edited by Violeta Suarez Ignacio History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 4, Los Baños, Laguna. Edited by Violeta Suarez Ignacio History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 5, Naga, Camarines Sur. Edited by Eden Manalo Gripaldo History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 6, Miag-ao, Iloilo. Edited by Eden Manalo Gripaldo History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula Sa Bayan), Vol. 7, Dumaguete, Negros Oriental. Edited by Eden Manalo Gripaldo History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula Sa Bayan), Vol. 8, Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte. Edited by Violeta Suarez Ignacio History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 9, Davao City, Davao del Sur. Edited by Digna Balangue Apilado History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 10, General Santos City, South Cotabato. Edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 11, Cotabato City, Maguindanao. Edited by Eden Manalo Gripaldo History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 12, Bago City, Negros Occidental. Edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 13, Calapan, Oriental Mindoro. Edited by Violeta Suarez Ignacio History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 14, Surigao City, Surigao del Norte. Edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 15, Koronadal City, South Cotabato. Edited by Bernardita Reyes Churchill History from the People (Kasaysayan Mula sa Bayan), Vol. 16, Bangued, Abra. Edited by Digna Balangue Apilado
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MONOGRAPHS 1997 Bernardita Reyes Churchill (editor). Determining the Truth – The Story of Andres Bonifacio (Being a Critique of and Commentaries on Investing a Hero, The Posthumous Re-creation of Andres Bonifacio (with The Manila Studies Association, and the NCCA – Committee on Historical Affairs), Second Printing 1998. 1997 Samuel K. Tan. A History of the Philippines. With the Manila Studies Association, Inc. First Printing, 1987; Second Printing 1997. 1999 Bernardita Reyes Churchill (editor). Revolution in the Provinces. With the National Commission for Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Resesarch 2011 Batis ng Kasaysayan 2011: The Movement for Independence in the Philippines (1896-1898) Calendar of Documents in the Archives of the Cuerpo de Vigilancia (Limited Copies) Bernardita Reyes Churchill (Executive Editor) Eden Manalo Gripaldo and Digna Balangue Apilado (Associate Editors) Quezon City and Manila: Philippine National Historical Society and the National Commission for the Culture and the Arts – Committee on Historical Research 2012 Philippine Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. II (1993) (Out of Print) Bernardita Reyes Churchill, “Philippine Historiography Looking Back and Looking Forward: The History of Historical Studies”, in Philippine Social Science Report, Philippine Social Sciences: Capacities, Directions, and Challenges, edited by Virginia A. Miralao and Joanne B. Agbisit (Quezon City: Philippine Social Science Council, 2012), pp, 141-164. 2012 Teodoro A. Agoncillo, Vignettes of Philippine History (2012). Publications and Membership Applications are available at this address: Philippine National Historical Society, Inc. 10% discount available to PNHS Members. 40 Matiwasay Street, UP Village Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Telefax: (02) 8932-5165; Cell 0908 723 8295 E-mail: nitachurchill@hotmail.com [Portions of this article were written by Leslie E. Bauzon and published in the Philippine Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. II (Quezon City: Philippine Social Science Council, 1993). Updating of the history of the Philippine National Historical Society has been done by Bernardita Reyes Churchill, with contributions from by Felix I. Rodriguez (Seattle, USA, September 2017) and Maria Eloisa P. de Castro (September 2019).]
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PNHS Conference Circular – Individuals
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Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Memo
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The 40th National Conference on Local and National History in the News
http://www.rappler.com/bulletin-board/241927-philippine-national-historical-society-conference-2019
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The 40th National Conference on Local and National History in the News
https://dailyguardian.com.ph/pnhs-holds-40th-confab-on-national-local-history/
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PNHS Facebook accounts
Facebook group – https://www.facebook.com/groups/PNHS1941/
Facebook page – https://www.facebook.com/PNHS1941/
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PNHS Posters for the 40th National Conference