Pauliworld Volume 38, No. 1

Pauliworld Editorial Board SCHOOL YEAR 2022 - 2023

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Tiffany Cosue

MANAGING EDITOR

Nico Culala

ASSOCIATE EDITOR

Mieka Laciste

NEWS & SPORTS EDITORS

Nico Culala, Mischa Suarez

FEATURES EDITOR

Gaby Martinez

RESEARCH EDITOR

Mischa Suarez

FILIPINO EDITOR

Jolie Lim

CHIEF CARTOONIST

Suzannah Sibug

CHIEF LAYOUT ARTIST

Natasha Allenby

ASSOCIATE LAYOUT ARTIST CHIEF PHOTOGRAPHER

Louise Sese Andrea Estrella

STAFF Althea Aquino, Gabriel Bechtel, Bianca Catane, Adrienne Collado, Faith Dacara, Andie Dalusung, Audrey De Leon, Mikaella Duran, Dani Espinosa, Rianna Therese Estacio, Nicole Eugenio, Bernice Gutierrez, Alex Hachero, Cassandra Jesuitas, Isla Laxa, Anne Keir Liwanag, Darwyne Manigbas, Jinah Pagcu, Omi Rabatan, Pauline Ramirez, Althea Reyes, Ashley Reyes, Juliana San Pedro, Julia Clarisse Santos, Samantha Sulit, Arabelle Supan, Frances Tuazon, Gabriella Villarama

PUBLICATIONS MANAGER

Ms. Salve de la Paz

HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL

Dr. Ronald Santos

DIRECTRESS

Sr. Felicitas Bernardo, SPC

Bringing New Technology in Today’s Classrooms

By Adrienne Collado

After 2 full school years of learning purely through an online modality due to the pandemic, St. Paul College of Pasig makes a bold return onsite, offering a Hybrid or mixed modality to the student body. This modality enables students to study mostly onsite on certain days and remain online and asynchronous for the remaining days per week.

In actuality, all classrooms were initially made to be Hyflex Hyflex. A survey was conducted to identify which students will retain online learning and who are willing to learn through the Hybrid modality. Based on the survey, the majority of parents enrolled their child under

gadgets operated. A Hyflex room traditionally consists

a purely onsite modality. Plus to avoid additional costs for

of speakers, mic pods, a computer, smart TV, iPad, and a

the school, the administration settled with not having all

clicker. With so many components, a stable WiFi source

classrooms as Hyflex.

and connection is important.

A lot of interventions occurred with the use of high

The school plans on having online modality permanent

technology, with Dr. Santos referring to them as ‘birth

so that the investments in the Hyflex classrooms don’t go

pains.’ During the first weeks of school, teachers and

to waste. With that, homeschooling may be available in

students were still getting used to how the different

the future, to aid the decline in enrollment at SPCP.

01 Campus News

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THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Pauliworld

02

Teatro Paulino’s Break the Ice Workshop

By Althea Reyes

In celebration of the new academic school year, Teatro Paulino held their first ever project entitled “Break the Ice 2.0,” a theater production workshop open for the SPCP community, held on September 30 to October 1, 2022 via Zoom.

“The overall theme for this event is the fairytale/fantasy world so we decided to go with Wizard of Oz for this season. Together with the tagline, “Journey to the Emerald City,” shared Kryztn Dupet, the Co-Project Head. The workshop’s objective is to enhance and cultivate practical competencies related to the dramaturgical endeavors and production work.

The event held a series of talks concerning practical knowledge of backstage tasks with the help of speakers and mentors. On day 1, they held talks regarding Make-up & Costume, Directing & Stage Management, and Set Design. For day 2, they held Scriptwriting, Stage Tech, and Video Productions talks. Right after each of these talks, participants were given an activity catered to the topics given.

“As the head of this project together with Louie De Guzman, I can say my key takeaway is the importance of communication. Always be sure to update them with any progress or concerns so you can work together to tackle them. With this aptitude, the workshop was able to meet its purpose and surpass its goals,” says Dupet. She remarked that the workshop was undoubtedly successful based on the outcomes of the provided activities.

Paulinian Appreciation Week: Celebrating the Service Behind the Mask

By Andie Dalusung

To express appreciation for the Paulinian community, GRANDEUR: A Toast to Service took place last October 3 until October 7, 2022. The masquerade ball-themed Paulinian Appreciation Week (PAW) was finally held onsite again with activities for the SPCP faculty and staff.

Instead of the yearly in-class celebration of Paulinian Appreciation Day, GRANDEUR was a collective institutional event. It featured a Talent Show at the SPACE and a program of performances, video tributes, icebreakers, and games. Online blasts per batch containing posters and messages were prepared as well.

Carmela Tirona, one of the project heads, even shared the significance of the theme. “It symbolizes that despite the masks hiding their faces, beneath lies hardworking and kindhearted Paulinian formators who continue to educate, inspire, and empower students,” GRANDEUR: A Toast to Service proved that the SPCP faculty and staff’s efforts, especially in adjusting to the new set-ups, will always be appreciated and recognized.

Layout by Natasha Allenby

Skills and Drills: Onsite Varsity Tryouts Return

By Samantha Sulit

The pandemic, and consequent move to online class halted a deluge of onsite events, with these either canceled or moved online. The school varsity team try-outs were one of these affected events.

This year however, with the return to onsite classes, try-outs were held onsite for the first time in 2 years. The varsity program in SPCP has an abundance of teams, from Chorale Varsity, to Terpsichore Jazz and Street teams, and to the plethora of teams from the Center for Sports (CFS), including Lawn Tennis, Football, Volleyball, and Swimming among others.

“I feel that more than ever the GIFT and Varsity members of the Center for Sports are more enthusiastic and grateful to be able to train and most importantly be with their teammates,” says Gabriel Bechtel, the GIFT Center for Sports President for this school year. As the first CFS President since the start of the pandemic, she admits that there has been pressure on her shoulders, likewise to what the varsity students feel when they first join their respective teams, but also reassures her center, in her own words: “You should all keep in mind that you are on your team for a reason, and you should never doubt your abilities because you deserve to be part of your sports varsity team.”

Paulinian student leaders transform into heroes through SCT’s EMPOWER: LIFE Officers Trainting

By Rianna Therese Estacio

LIFE Officers, Track Representatives, and Organization Leaders had a blast learning and exercising the new skills they gained from the Student Coordinating Team (SCT)’s Leadership Training Program entitled, “EMPOWER: Future Heroes of Tomorrow,” commenced both onsite at the SPACE and online via Zoom last October 21, 2022.

The program began with the induction of officers for the new School Year 2022-2023 led by the Highschool Principal, Dr. Ronald Santos. In the talk proper portion of EMPOWER, Labor Lawyer and Activist Attorney Luke Espiritu was invited to speak on youth empowerment and to answer queries from the students during the open forum. This year’s training also revived the Amazing Race, a main event of the program last done in the pre-pandemic year, by setting up stations and games following COVID-19 safety protocols. The student leaders then dispersed into breakout sessions by batch for the final segment to discuss the plans for their respective grade levels.

Co-Project Head of EMPOWER, Hannah Vergara expresses her gratitude for the success of the event in a statement, “[The SCT] hopes that the program was able to teach us all a lesson and serve as a huge milestone to not only be good and effective leaders for today but also to be great heroes for our tomorrow as well.”

03 Campus News

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THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Pauliworld

Batch 2028 starts off their school year with SCT’s annual Neophytes Welcoming Program: Y28: Highschool Check!

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By Darwyne Manigbas

The Neophytes (Batch 2028) had their welcoming program entitled “Y28: Highschool Check!” last August 30, 2022, at the SPACE for onsite students and via Zoom for online students. The event was organized by the Student Coordinating Team (SCT).

The event’s theme was inspired by 20th-century culture aesthetic, or Y2K. The program consisted of mentorship talks about the high school culture and what to expect in the new environment, as well as introductions to the Offices and Organizations.

The program started with the 2 project heads involved: an opening prayer led by the SCT Grade 12 Batch Representative Hannah Guerrero, followed by the opening remarks delivered by SCT Grade 11 Batch Representative Hannah Vergara, with a short icebreaker after. The first talk, entitled “HS Starter Kit” was addressed by Frances Tuazon, the former SCT Vice President for School Year 2021–2022. On the other hand, the second talk, “HS Culture” by Ghia Espino, was given. An open forum was held after the talk proper to address any questions from the Neophytes. Thereafter, the different school offices and student-led organizations in the department are introduced. To end the program, a message and the final remarks were given by the SCT Grade 7 Batch Representative, Ava Acuña, followed by the closing prayer led by SCT Secretary Tiffany Cosue.

Paula Salcedo, the SCT Grade 10 Batch Representative, says, “[The] SCT worked really hard to make this event special for the Neophytes since this is their first year in the High School Department and first year onsite so I hope it did have that effect on them.”

Layout by Natasha Allenby

Surrounding the eye of the storm: Super Typhoon Karding’s aftermath

By Rianna Therese Estacio

The Kaliwa Dam Project: Related Issues and Updates

By Mischa Suarez

The Kaliwa Dam project or the New Centennial Water

The Philippines was hit by Super Typhoon Karding’s

Supply Project aims to provide a new water source by

heavy rain and winds of up to 195 kilometers per hour

constructing an additional dam to reduce dependence on

when it first made landfall in Luzon on September 22,

the Angat Dam. It aims to deliver 600 million liters of water

2022. The tropical cyclone passed through the Philippine

per day and will transverse the provinces of Quezon and

Area of Responsibility in a span of 5 days and finally left

Rizal. The project remains controversial due to its various

on the night of September 26 with severe destruction.

environmental, socio-cultural and financial issues. The dam

The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) reports that nearly 300,000 households in an estimated number of 2,000 villages were affected

by Karding as many homes had been destroyed, flooded, or lost electrical power. Unfortunately, the casualty toll was significantly low with 12 recorded deaths, 5 missing

brings a risk of floods should it break due to natural disasters.

It may also negatively impact the natural animal habitats and biodiversity of the regions it affects. The Sierra Madre has protected its residents from typhoons and tampering with its environment for the sake of building the dam may entail serious repercussions for its residents in the future.

people, and 68 injured individuals. On a nationwide level,

The project will displace members of an indigenous

Karding’s damages resulted in a total of P3.2 Billion to

people group called the Dumagat-Remontado. They will lose

agricultural and infrastructural loss.

their land and as a result, their livelihood. The government

A few days after Karding, the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) along with other organizations provided relief assistance in the form of cash and goods to the typhoon survivors. Several public officials then commend these local government units for their disaster preparedness, including current President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. in his press briefing with the

was also unclear on the Memorandum of Agreement and the negotiation process involved in constructing the said infrastructure. Complaints have surfaced from the groups, they have even attempted to file a petition to nullify the loan agreement for the project. In addition to this, the project experiences multiple financial issues because the loans will be shouldered by the Republic of China with an unfavorable loan agreement.

NDRRMC.

The project will cost up to 12.2 Billion Pesos, which the

References: [1] Cueto, F. E. (2022, October 3). More than 1 million affected by ‘Karding’.

The Manila Times. Retrieved November 4, 2022, from https://www. manilatimes.net/2022/10/03/news/more-than-1-million-affected-bykarding/1860706

people will eventually have to pay for through their taxes, and should the country fail to pay the loan, the Philippines will drown further in debt. The Kaliwa Dam Project’s main goal

[2] De Layola, Z. (2022, September 28). P22.7-M relief aid provided to ‘Karding’ victims: DSWD. Philippine News Agency. Retrieved November 4, 2022, from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1184819

is to alleviate the water crises, but with the many adversities

[3] Fernandez, D. (2022, September 26). Marcos cites luck, gov’t preparedness for minimal damage, casualties after Karding’s fury. Inquirer. net. Retrieved November 4, 2022, from https://newsinfo.inquirer. net/1670429/marcos-cites-luck-govt-preparedness-for-minimal-damage-casualty-sustained-after-karding-onslaught

to the finances of the country, it faces great complications in

[4] Philippines Super Typhoon Karding 2022 - DREF Application (MDRPH048) - Philippines. (2022, October 7). ReliefWeb. Retrieved November 4, 2022, from https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-super-typhoon-karding-2022-dref-application-mdrph048

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this project brings to the environment, to the residents, and need of assessment before any further action is taken.

References: [1] Moya, J. (2022). When Man Wrecks Havoc on Nature: The Controversial Kaliwa Dam Project explained. Tatler Asia. https://www.tatlerasia.com/ power-purpose/ideas-education/kaliwa-dam-project-explained [2] New Centennial Water Source – Kaliwa Dam Project. METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM. (n.d.). https://mwss.gov.ph/projects/new-centennial-water-source-kaliwa-dam-project/

Off-Campus News

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 MONTH X - MONTH X 2023

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT [3] Santos, E. (2022). Kaliwa Dam Construction Eyed to start in June. cnn. https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/2/18/kaliwa-dam-project-construction.html [4] The new centennial water source-kaliwa dam project (NCWS). BRI Monitor. (n.d.). https://www.brimonitor.org/case-studies/the-new-centennial-water-source-kaliwa-dam-project-ncws-kdp/#16184525374506e206883-c36f

Pauliworld

On October 8, 2022, Philippine President “Bongbong” Marcos Jr. marked his first 100 days in office, and the compiled

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list of his activities in this time period brought about various reactions from Filipino citizens.

To describe President Marcos Jr.’s first 100 days in office

Percy Lapid: A Journalist’s Jeopardies

By Samantha Sulit

A journalist and news reporter’s role in a democracy is to spread factual, vital, and unfiltered information to the general public. This role of theirs, however, can put them in severely dangerous situations at times.

Take for example the writers during Martial Law, and

as “eventful,” would be a major understatement. Events that occurred at this time ranged from the State of the Nation Address (SONA), natural disasters and a school shooting, to using government funds for a trip to Singapore to watch the Formula 1 night race while the Philippine citizens were still reeling from the effects of Typhoon Karding.

The Kabataan Partylist covered President Marcos Jr.’s first 100 days in office in their article, “Gold, glitz, and gutter: Filipinos’ 100 Days in Hell”. They also managed to make a summarized list of events to report the happenings during this time period: •

the reign of the late former President Ferdinand Marcos.

Lavish parties, Engagements (e.g. Imelda and Louise Marcos’ birthday bash, F1 Race, Eric Clapton concert)

Ever so aware of how influential the press and media are,

•

Printed self commemorative stamps

the Marcos administration worked significantly to keep it

•

Soaring prices of rice and basic goods

under control, utilizing media blackouts, takeovers, and

•

Sugar crisis

in some cases, red tagging of certain reporters that they

•

Peso dive

perceived to be a threat.

•

Above average inflation rate

•

Higher public transport fare

This brings us to the present day. On October 3, 2022 a

•

Reappointing bypassed appointees

radio broadcaster by the name of Percy Lapid was shot dead

•

Attacks vs. Freedom of speech (killings & assaulting of

on his way home in Las Piñas. The incident took place only

media practitioners, youth leaders)

after what would be Lapid’s last time on air on September

•

Appointees quitting concurrently

30, where he talked about red-tagging, and its dangers on

•

P96 billion-loan, additional “successfully” borrowed $2 billion

his program “Lapid Fire” where he had openly criticized the administrations of former president Rodrigo Duterte, and current President Ferdinant Marcos Jr. One might say that those days are long gone behind us, but with this incident marking the second journalist death in under a year, it presents us the question: “Just how dangerous is journalism, even in an established democracy?”

President Marcos Jr. Marks his First 100 Days in Office

By Samantha Sulit

•

Rising unemployment and poverty The future of the Philippines rests on the shoulders of one

man and every action he takes. One can only hope to guide him, for the betterment of our country.

References: [1] Beltran, M. (2022, October 8). Marking Philippine President Marcos Jr.’s first 100 days. https://thediplomat.com/2022/10/marking-philippine-president-marcos-jrs-first100-days/ [2] Rappler. (2022, October 8). Kabataan assessment: ‘Gold, glitz, and gutter: Filipinos’ 100 Days in Hell’. https://www.rappler.com/nation/ferdinand-marcos-jr-first-100-days-president-philippines-summary-assessment-analyses-issues/?next=2 [3] Ku, R. & Lema, V. (2022, October 8). ‘Talk about priorities’: How social media users reacted to Marcos’ first 100 days. https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/data-documents/filipinos-online-reactions-ferdinand-marcos-jr-first-100-days/ [4] Yuching, M. G. & Regalario, P. (2022, October 8). What kept Marcos busy? Courtesy visits, meetings fill President’s first 100 days. https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/data-documents/analysis-marcos-jr-activities-itinerary-first-100-days/ [5] Rappler. (2022, October 9). Globe-trotting in 100 days: Marcos is most frequent traveler among post-EDSA presidents. https://www.rappler.com/nation/first-100-days-international-travels-post-edsa-presidents/

Layout by Louise Sese

By Althea Aquino “Get Get in loser, we’re going shopping,” shopping, is one of the many iconic

Most modern textiles, for example, make much use of

phrases served by the 2000s hit film, “Mean Girls” whose impact

petrochemicals that come from oil and gas companies that produce

on pop culture can not be shaken off. With an abundance of such

most of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the

witty lines, an accurate coming-of-age plotline, and a stellar cast,

equivalent of one garbage truck filled with textiles is burned or

this film has all the makings of a movie cult classic. However, its

landfilled every second. Aside from polluting the air, the industry

most defining and remembered feature is the specific aesthetic used

is also the second largest water polluter globally, with textiles being

in its costuming: the Y2K aesthetic. This aesthetic is characterized

responsible for approximately 9% of annual microplastic losses to

by baguette bags, pleated skirts, baby tees, and bubblegum pink: all

the ocean. Not to mention, the industry alone is responsible for the

of which have recently re-entered the fashion sphere thus bringing

consumption of 93 billion cubic meters of water, which is the same

another layer of fame to teen comedy. This resurfacing is an example

amount needed to meet the needs of 5 million people worldwide.

of one of the fashion industry’s biggest processes: the fashion cycle, which is being rapidly reshaped by the public’s online behavior.

A transformation that causes initially unnoticeable but ultimately drastic byproducts that the environment must endure.

All of these current data can be exponentially increased by the unrelenting social media behavior that permits and promulgates microtrends. The faster trends rise and fall, more carbon emissions are produced, water wastage increases, and microplastics are

The fashion cycle, as its name suggests, refers to the five-step

dumped in the oceans. As long as fast fashion businesses opt to

cyclical process that trendy items follow. The process starts with

sacrifice quality for cheap productions that meet high but constantly

the introduction of the piece, its increase, peak, and decline in

changing demands, clothing racks will be consistently filled with

popularity, and ends when it is considered outdated. Unfortunately,

flimsy garments that easily break and therefore get thrown away

the cyclical nature of this process is often disregarded, and hence

quickly. As long as some anonymous online personas still embody

pieces are dumped the moment it goes “out of style.” Its traditional

a meaner Regina George, who calls the same skirt they wore last

20 years lifespan also shrunk down to mere months. This leads to

week the ugliest thing they’ve ever seen, more clothes will end up in

the rise of Micro Trends and fads, which morphs the cycle into a fast-

landfills and oceans at record speed.

paced process of attention, oversaturation, and obsolescence.

So what now? Boycott fast fashion entirely? To motion might

The infamous green Hockney dress from House of Sunny

be seen as quite tone-deaf, as ethical and sustainable alternatives

exemplifies this phenomenon. It first gained online popularity in

do come with a hefty price that not everyone can afford. Yet, one

July of 2020 when supermodel Kendall Jenner was seen wearing it.

solution that everyone can do now is to practice responsible

This popularity caused a surge in demand, which inspired the rise

commercial consumption, wherein consumers consider the people

of cheaper duplicates by fast fashion brands. The combination of

who are affected by their consumer behavior.

high demand and easy accessibility allowed for an influx of social media posts featuring this item, up to the point wherein every other upload features it. For many, such oversaturation made the item feel exhausted and outdated quickly. By May 2021, the dress can already be found in thrift shops.

Some concrete acts include avoiding the disposal of clothes after a single use, which is, unfortunately, something that 29% of Filipinos do. Secondly, carefully assess the need and practicality of each purchase: is that haul really worth all the money, water, and energy used to produce it? Think of creative ways to give damaged or

Much like how the Plastics in Mean Girls victimized the entire

ill-fitted clothes a new life: either by repairing them, passing them

student body of North Shore High in varied ways, this phenomenon is

down, or even using them as rags is better than throwing them away

a huge problem for an array of reasons. However, what is perhaps the

immediately. Lastly, practice online etiquette, both to oneself and

process’ biggest fault is the huge threat it poses to our environment.

to others.

According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the fashion industry is responsible for 10% of global emissions as of 2019. If things continue as usual, the industry will exhaust a quarter of the world’s carbon budget by 2050. What caused these great amounts of emissions were the unsustainable means of production in the industry (among many others) and consumption by the public.

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VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

In the age of comment sections that put the burn book to shame, it is easy to forget that at its core, fashion is simply self-expression.

Hence, beauty is in the eye of the beholder, and the eye that matters most is the pair belonging to the outfit’s wearer. Everyone deserves to be able to wear what makes them happy without having to face unnecessarily negative comments or short-lived fads.

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Pauliworld

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References: [1] Baclig, C. E. (2022, August 10). P100,000 ‘trash’ bag and the unseen climate costs of fashion. INQUIRER.net. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1643474/for-postingedited-p100000-trash-bag-and-the-unseen-climate-costs-of-fashion [2] Center for International Trade Expositions and Missions. (n.d.). The State of Sustainable Fashion in the Philippines. https://sustainability.ph/solutions/intelligence/ the-state-of-sustainable-fashion-in-the-philippines [3] Ernest, M. (2021, June 3). Fast fashion drama: How a trendy green dress divided TikTok. Input. https://www.inverse.com/input/style/tiktok-house-of-sunnyshockney-dress-green-trend-fast-fashion-drama [4] Igini, M. (2022, November 18). 10 Stunning Fast Fashion Waste Statistics. Earth.Org. https://earth.org/statistics-about-fast-fashion-waste/ [5] MasterClass. (2021, June 8). Understanding the 5 Stages of the Fashion Cycle. Masterclass. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/fashion-cycleexplained#1lK3G5rlgD75GTfV3pOBEy [6] Mollard, M. (2022, March 10). Understanding fashion trend life cycles: The 5 stages. Heuritech. https://www.heuritech.com/articles/five-stages-of-fashion-trendlife-cycle/ [7] United Nations Environment Programme. (n.d.). Putting the brakes on fast fashion. UNEP. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/putting-brakes-fastfashion [8] World Bank Group. (2019, October 8). How Much Do Our Wardrobes Cost to the Environment? World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/ feature/2019/09/23/costo-moda-medio-ambiente

Layout by Naomi Rabatan

By Althea Aquino A sea of white chrysanthemums, symbols of devotion,

children]? Think about it.” The idea that the government

lay for souls that will never receive them physically. This is a

had disappointed its youth is not something unique to the

scene found in the makeshift memorial at the Itaewon train

mother. Instead, it is a sentiment shared by many, with some

station exit after tragedy struck the night of October 29, 2022.

even expressing that they do not feel protected in the country

What started as a joyous celebration ended in a catastrophic

anymore. As a response, the president and other officials

crowd crush that took at least 153 lives. Most of the victims

apologized and called for police reform and a thorough

were just in their 20s, thus making this blow all the more

investigation that will hold those responsible for their actions

devastating for the country’s aging population. Weeks after

or inaction.

the disaster, it is clear that the nation is yet to recover from this loss.

The national heartbreak that this incident sparked opened up previous wounds that never properly healed, one

In memoriam of all those who were hurt and taken by

caused by another avoidable instance that also led to the loss

this event, South Korea’s government proclaimed a week-

of young lives. Eight years ago, the MV Sewol Ferry sank on

long national mourning period: an expression of sorrow

Korea’s southwestern coast, taking with it more than 300

often reserved for monarchs, religious figures, and heads of

lives, 250 of which were Sophomore students on a school

state done to commemorate ordinary lives. A reminder that

trip that day. Investigations later uncovered a series of what

the people of a nation are just as valuable as its leaders; thus

can be assumed as greed-fueled actions, the most shocking of

their loss is just as crippling, if not more. However, for many,

which being the fact that the ferry was carrying twice its legal

displaying all the Taegukgi (national flag of South Korea) at

limit, which ultimately culminated in the disaster.

half-mast is not enough. Just like the number of gifts placed on makeshift altars, the nation’s cry for justice continues to grow.

Although quite different, one thing these two disasters share is the impact they left behind. One that is filled with grief and sorrow that might just be impossible to erase from

Transcripts of emergency calls made that night revealed

the memory and hearts of those left behind. One that also

that 11 phone calls were made before action was taken by

fueled devotion, a burning desire to protect the country’s

authorities. This slow response contradicts the government’s

most vulnerable: its dwindling youth population. The very

prior statement that nothing could have been done to avoid

same people meant to shape, mold, and change the country’s

or curtail the tragedy. Thus public outrage ensued with

future for the better. These were not mere losses of lives; they

some rallies and prayer vigils done across the country to

were losses of hope and of the future. future Therefore to honor

commemorate the event and call for justice. However, what

such important lives and losses, it is South Korea’s impending

was one of the most controversial displays of such resentment

duty to prevent such catastrophes, to bring forth the justice

was done by a victim’s mother, who destroyed floral wreaths

that could have saved those that passed, and to protect those

left by officials in one of the memorials and cried out, “What’s

that survived.

the point of [these flowers] when they couldn’t protect [our References: [1] Cha, S. (2022, November 7). South Korea’s Yoon Apologizes Over Deaths as Criticism Grows. Bloomberg.com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-07/southkorean-president-yoon-apologizes-over-deadly-crowd-crush [2] nytimes.com. (2022a, June 8). https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/08/world/asia/south-korea-sewol-ferry-grief.html

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[3] nytimes.com. (2022b, November 1). https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/world/asia/south-korea-crowd-crush.html [4] Reporter, G. S. (2022, November 5). Itaewon crowd crush: thousands join vigil as anger grows in South Korea. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/05/ itaewon-crowd-crush-thousands-join-vigil-as-anger-grows-i-south-korea

Editorial

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THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Pauliworld

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By Mikaella Duran

Organizations, clubs, community service, sports, and leadership roles – a variety of options available to students who wish to focus on responsibilities unrelated to their academics by engaging in extracurriculars in their spare time. However, students have been taking on the majority, if not all, of the aforementioned, for the sake of filling up their college or job applications. This comes as a result of the collective mindset that one must be constantly productive to achieve success, even if it means sacrificing any downtime and relaxation – which is referred to as hustle culture.

Social media and societal pressure play a big role in this toxicity. Seeing that their peers are able to do it would pressure one to do the same, even though every student is not equipped with the same time, energy, or resources to match the work done by others. In other cases, the lack of restriction on the commitments a student can take fails to provide applicants with a maximum or end goal, blinding them of any limits until they are pushed too far.

Hustle culture glorifies the “do or die” and “go big or go home” attitude that has led to the inevitable burnout of many young people. The overwhelming workload and never-ending to-do lists increase stress and actually lead to a decrease in productivity. The fire that once ignited students’ passions has now died, turning them into a horror, a chore, a means to an end.

Students tend to believe that the more experience they have, the better. Seeming to forget that quality has more value over quantity, and packed schedules and a full resume is not worth the disregard they put on their mental and physical health. The effort put into reaching unmanageable expectations becomes counterproductive when they are getting less than the recommended 8 hours of sleep, straining relationships with loved ones, and ignoring their mind and body’s call for help to the point where it can no longer function as it should.

Students shouldn’t be flying too close to the sun. Having an excessive amount of extracurriculars shouldn’t be a goal. Nobody should feel guilty for wasting time when taking breaks. Working to death shouldn’t be normalized or praised. Students should know their limits, and should only put on their plate what they are sure they can finish. People need a balance between work and personal life, which hustle culture does not have room for. for

Layout by Mieka Laciste

By Anne Keir Liwanag

11 Contribution

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

Pauliworld

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

“If I were the President of the Philippines…”

W i t h

Additionally, one added that they would be solely

the Philippines’

transparent on the national budget and would ensure

several

underlying

problems, many Filipinos have turned a despondent eye towards the country’s future. This article aims to address the question, “If a Paulinian were to be the Philippine President for a day, which societal problem would they focus on, and how would they solve it?” Involved in this short study are a few surveyed students in St. Paul College Pasig.

all officials under the administration do the same.

“Traffic has become so bad to the point that you’d have to wake up at ungodly hours of the morning just to go where you want to on time.” remarked a student who had the privilege of traveling to other countries, wherein they were able to compare the immense traffic situation in the Philippines. What do advanced countries such as Singapore, South Korea, and Japan, have in common? They conduct a

More than 50% of the students who were

centralized public transport system that is not only

surveyed mentioned graft and corruption as the

affordable, but also safe for citizens. Though there are

first problems they would address. Undoubtedly,

public transportation systems in the country, not all

corruption is a major hindrance to good governance

are well-regulated and are in good condition.

in the Philippines. From the P12-billion Pharmally case to the largely undetermined COVID-19 expenses, it is inherently difficult to believe that millions of pesos would be needed for specific agencies. A student expresses their sentiment on how hard their parents work, but in the eyes of many, those taxes merely go directly into the pockets of corrupt government officials. While another student says that if they were president, the fastest way to mitigate this issue would be to dismiss all government officials who perform fraudulent actions.

12

The last student states that the lack of proper education to most Filipinos is devastating to witness.

According to the World Bank, the Philippines has 90.9% of children suffering from learning poverty. As President, they would use more government funds to help public schools stay afloat. They note that private schools are given high quality education, and so it is extremely heart wrenching to hear that the majority of Filipino children aren’t experiencing the same.

It is evident from the answers shared on how the students of SPCP think and come up with solutions to various impending issues. Paulinians are shaped and taught to be perceptive, charismatic, and holistic, so that they may grow up to be servant-leaders, whether at home, in school, in business, or in politics. With plenty of opportunities to be a leader in SPCP—class, batch, production team, GIFT, and SCT—there is no doubt that Paulinians will become the great leaders of this country, and of the world.

Layout by Pauline Ramirez

By Danielle Espinosa

A favorite among Fortune 100 companies, government agencies, and citizens, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a thriving multimillion-dollara-year industry that has quickly increased in popularity over the years. Personality Assessments, in general, are so well-loved due to the innate drive people have to understand themselves and to contextualize their own personality without lengthy explanations.

In the case of MBTI, it claims to be a framework for building better relationships, driving positive change, harnessing innovation, and achieving excellence.

Despite this, there are shortcomings identified with the test, including its arbitrary boundaries, poor reliability, and absence of predictors of thought, feeling, and action. The MBTI reminds us of the obvious truth that all people are not alike but then claims that every person can fit neatly into a box.

It takes the beautiful, richly graded complexity of human personality and squeezes it into 16 types.

The framework is neat and easy to remember, and the taxonomy of personality types sounds interesting.

Cartoon by Gonda

Yet the resultant picture of human personality is unfaithful to reality. Due to its apparent simplicity, the

about yourself but also to predict outcomes in the

MBTI may be misused unintentionally by some people.

real world. However, studies show that the MBTI is

The MBTI reliability data can bring into question the stability of the test. How is it possible that there

not a good predictor of career outcomes, romantic relationships, or anything else.

can be a personality change across a short interval

Why does the MBTI remain so popular despite

when such a change should not occur? The reliability

these problems? There are two reasons: firstly,

data also brings into question whether there are

thousands have invested time and money in becoming

meaningful

MBTI-certified trainers and coaches. The other is the

differences

across

the

preference

satisfaction that people experience when the test

categories.

The MBTI has terrible test-retest reliability, often reclassifying participants into the opposite personality type from one testing session to the next.

The point of personality tests is not just to tell you

11 Features

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

gives them insight into others— especially themselves.

Until then, we all need to recognize that four

letters do not give justice to any identity. identity

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By Gabriella Villarama

The primary mission of the coming-of-age film genre, from its earliest films like Rebel Without A

Cause (1955) to its rise in popularity in the 1980s, was to give teenagers a way to feel seen—to express the unique and complex struggles of teenage turmoil.

The essential conflict is the protagonist’s journey that ultimately leads them to grow up. The 1980s formed the lasting tropes and continuing themes in the genre, while perceptions of actual teenage life centered on these tropes. Familiar tropes included wily adolescent rebellion, worrying about aimless futures, and lighter, more comedic themes like misfits getting makeovers or trying to go to parties.

exchange student who spoke in broken English or the loud Black comedic relief.

The coming-of-age films of the decade then shifted their narrative to add dimension to their characters as ideas of inclusivity and healthy representation of marginalized identities and social issues progressed.

The genre is still oversaturated with white stories, but more authentic and raw expressions of youth make these movies progressive. Lady Bird (2017) paints the turmoil of a girl who has maternal trouble and big goals paired with a disillusioned attitude founded on class struggle, and stories like these are more representative of people across all cultures. Several

Although people can watch these earlier coming-

films also write experiences specific to certain

of-age movies and hold them in high regard for

communities—a breakthrough for representation

their “classic” status and nostalgia, these films have

the genre has long left out. Most notably, Academy

been heavily criticized for their lack of depth and

Award-winning film Moonlight (2016) intersects the

diversity. Older movies often wrote each character

struggles of Black Americans with queerness and the

as stereotypical identities, such as the “bad boy” or

pressures of masculinity through three stages of the

“mean girl,” and writers often neglected to develop

protagonist’s life.

the characters further than these labels. The genre had persisting problems with representation, as many movies were overwhelmingly heteronormative and white, ultimately confining minorities to side roles. At best, characters of color were the token best friend,

The legacy of new coming-of-age films will undoubtedly leave a mix of relatable and crosscultural experiences with movies in which audiences of all backgrounds can see themselves.

and at worst, offensive caricatures, such as the Asian

Layout by Pauline Ramirez

By Faith Dacara

13 Features

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

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By Cassandra Jesuitas

Layout by Isla Laxa

Portraits by Suzie Sibug

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By Nico Culala

21 RESEARCH

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

Pauliworld

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

22 Everyone knows a “Wife Guy,” like Adam Levine, John Mulaney, and most notably– Ned Fulmer.

Characterized as the loving family man who adores his wife and will use every moment to mention her; the spitting image of a loyal and committed relationship. Yet as more and more cheating allegations erupt behind the cardboard facade, it begs the question: What causes committed men to cheat?

Despite the various loose definitions to cheating, infidelity is defined as the “act of having a romantic or sexual relationship with someone other than one’s partner” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2022). The exact number of individuals who are unfaithful to their partners are unclear but a recent 2021 study of 441 married Americans reported that 46.1% of the respondents said they had affairs, with 24% admitting such to their partners (healthtestingcenters, 2019).

When Ashley Madison, an online dating network that promoted infidelity, was hacked, numbers began to leak out, leading to an estimated number of 37 million users— or rather, 37 million individuals in marriages or relationships who were looking for affairs through the site (Martin & Chalabi, 2015).

The drive that leads 37 million people towards extramarital affairs despite the appearance of a fulfilling long-term committed relationship differs depending on circumstance. The stereotypical reason was rooted in a lack of sexual pleasure in a relationship, caused by stagnant marriage. Author Alicia Walker found that men expressed the opposite. In her book “Chasing Masculinity: Men, Validation, and Infidelity,” men in committed relationships cited a lapse in emotional intimacy within married life which caused them to search for “outside partnerships’’ and affairs. Their masculinity, crushed as women’s attention swayed away from them and towards the domestic lifestyle, filling them with anxiety as they fell short of the created idea of masculinity. Coupled with the passing of time, men would compensate their hurt masculinity with sexual pleasure that brought them validation and a form of praise. Continuously proving the repeated notion that men will do what they believe is needed to reaffirm their masculinity to the extent of physically aggressive actions and projecting socially aggressive beliefs (Kim, 2017).

Despite these identified reasons, infidelity is an inexcusable act. act None of these serve as adequate reasons to give men the “benefit of the doubt.” Rather these express the “Why” question in the realm of cheating. Acknowledging not only the effect that gender stereotypes have had on our society but the lingering pain created by a “strong, unyielding patriarchal society.”

REFERENCES [1] DiMuccio, S. H., & Knowles, E. D. (2020). The political significance of fragile masculinity. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 34(August 2020), 25 - 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.11.010 [2] Fraser, V. A. (2022, September 29). The “Wife Guy” Trope in Media & Why It’s Problematic. An Injustice! Retrieved November 19, 2022, from https://aninjusticemag.com/the-wife-guy-trope-in-media-why-its-problematic-a3a7da891b03 [3] healthtestingcenters. (2019, July 7). Home. YouTube. Retrieved November 18, 2022, from https://www.healthtestingcenters.com/ research-guides/admitting-cheating/ [4] Kim, J. (2017, December). THE EFFECT OF MASCULINITY THREAT ON MEN AND LIKELIHOOD OF ENGAGING IN RISK-TAKING BEHAVIORS. University of Hawai’i at Manoa. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/211328725.pdf [6] Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2022, November 7). Infidelity Definition & Meaning. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved November 19, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/infidelity [7] van Hooff, J., & Manchester Metropolitan University. (2021, June 15). Chasing Masculinity: Men, Validation, and Infidelity Reviewed by Jenny van Hooff (Vol. 1, Issue 56). Manchester Metropolitan University’s Research Repository. https://doi. org/10.1177/00380385211015570 [8] Walker, A. M. (2020). Chasing Masculinity: Men, Validation, and Infidelity. Springer International Publishing.

[9] Whyman, T. (2019, May 14). Anatomy of the Wife Guy. The Outline. Retrieved November 19, 2022, from https:// theoutline.com/post/7426/the-wife-guy

Layout by Nicole Eugenio

The Person and the Persona: Paraso cial Relationships

By JC Santos

Given the advancement of technology in recent decades,

In a study conducted by Siyoung Chung and Hichang Cho

media and entertainment have become so accessible that

(2017) regarding the implication of consumers’ parasocial

watching your favorite television shows and engaging with

relationship with celebrities on celebrity endorsement, it

your celebrity idols can be done with just a flick of a finger.

was discovered that, due to people’s increasing dependency

By scrolling through various social media platforms such

on social media for communication, particularly among the

as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Youtube, anyone can

youth, social media outlets have become a way for famous

catch up on what their most-beloved artists did for a day or

figures to further exploit parasocial relationships to their

what they are doing at the moment: all this without having

benefit; thus, making the aforementioned relationships

to leave their own homes. As such, it is truly inevitable for

more prevalent in this modern era.

fans of idol figures, especially of the youth, to develop an intense emotional connection with these individuals who are unaware of their existence, or, as it is formally called, a parasocial relationship.

Through the said platforms, parasocial interactions between idol personas and their fans have become more reciprocal, frequent, and intimate. Therefore, it has become easier for adolescents, one of the most emotionally

As defined by Find a Psychologist Organization

vulnerable and digitally active populations, to fall victim to

(2020), parasocial relationships refer to a type of one-sided

such relationships. In addition to this, recent studies state

relationship between two parties in which an individual, or

that parasocial relationships provide companionship and an

the media user, experiences delusions of having an intimate

increased sense of belonging to those involved in it (Gleason

personal connection with the other party, the media persona,

et al., 2017).

despite having no real interactions with them. Such types of relationships are often formed with celebrities, musicians, social media influencers, video content creators, animated characters, and fictional characters in movies played by real-life actors. Much like how in-person relationships develop, parasocial relationships begin when a person first familiarizes themselves with the media persona by interacting with them through various social media platforms and consuming numerous mediums of entertainment that involve them (e.g., movies, television shows, talk shows), which then escalates to the individual becoming attached to the persona (Vinney, 2022).

Despite its negative connotation and potential drawbacks (e.g., developing obsessive behavior), research suggests that parasocial relationships can actually help adolescents with identity formation and strengthening real-life social connections (Murray, 2022). In fact, it was discovered that it had even benefitted some people who were isolated during the pandemic, serving as a substitute for in-person interactions. Still, anything in excession will certainly cause harm, whether physically or psychologically. With that, harm parasocial relationships should neither be portrayed solely in a good light nor a bad light, but rather something that is a balance between being beneficial and detrimental to an individual’s mental well-being (if not moderated carefully).

References: [1] Chung, S., & Cho, H. (2017). Fostering Parasocial Relationships with Celebrities on Social Media: Implications for Celebrity Endorsement. Psychology &Amp; Marketing, 34(4), 481–495. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21001 [2] Gleason, T. R., Theran, S. A., & Newberg, E. M. (2017). Parasocial Interactions and Relationships in Early Adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi. org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00255

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[3] Murray, W. (2022, March 25). Parasocial relationships: The good, the bad, and the boy

Research

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bands. Thriveworks. https://thriveworks.com/blog/parasocial-relationships-boybands/ [4] National Register of Health Service Psychologists. (2020, February 18). Parasocial relationships: The nature of celebrity fascinations. Find a Psychologist. https://www. findapsychologist.org/parasocial-relationships-the-nature-of-celebrity-fascinations/ [5] Vinney, C. (2022, November 21). What Is a Parasocial Relationship? Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-parasocial-relationship-5210770

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Pauliworld

Selling Serial Crimes: Romanticizing Murderers on the Big Screen

24

By Juliana San Pedro

It would appear that serial killers have become the new celebrities on the big screen. The world has always been intrigued by grisly killings: killers like Jeffrey Dahmer, Richard Ramirez, and Ted Bundy are household names because of their notoriety. It’s only human to wonder how these people came to be, and to question whether their problems stem from household or health factors. It’s an ordinary instinct to want to know more about the perpetrators of horrific crimes. Is this harmless fascination, however, developing into something more? Say, an unhealthy fixation?

Every so often, a biopic or documentary about a serial killer is released, and audiences go crazy for it. According to Lockwood (2021), since women make up the majority of true crime viewers, streaming services like Netflix tailor their promotions to this demographic. In certain films and television shows, the killer is presented as a person with “good looks.”

These word selections are calculated attempts to hook people by giving a human dimension to the antagonists at the heart of the stories. “Beyond semantics, the casting choices made by

directors are intended to inspire this sense of hybristophilia (a love of criminals) in their audiences” (Lockwood, 2021).

The primary purpose of documentaries and films about the world’s most infamous serial killers is enlightenment, but people frequently wind up romanticizing them. The fact that they pass the beauty threshold in the eyes of the general public says nothing about how immoral their behavior is. Murder is repugnant, and not to mention, against the law. Even though everyone is aware of this, several viewers are content to just relax and watch male perpetrators of violence on film. Is it okay to take pleasure in the pain of others if it is merely a televised event?

Ideally, media outlets must tread cautiously while depicting evil so as not to undermine the protection of people from sexual and physical assault. Desensitization to the loss of life in society is a precursor to a cycle of violence. As soon as brutality is accepted in the public eye, it will be practiced freely (Bounsall, 2021).

References: [1] Bergeron, R. (2018, September 28). Killer love: Why people fall in love with murderers.

CNN. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/08/entertainment/serialkiller-lovers-the-seventies/index.html

[4] Lockwood, J. (2021, August 29). The danger of Romanticising Serial killers. Palatinate.

Retrieved from https://www.palatinate.org.uk/the-danger-of-romanticising-serialkillers/

[2] Bounsall, Z. (2021, February 24). Romanticizing serial killers in the Media. Sonoma State Star - The university’s student-run newspaper. Retrieved from http://www. sonomastatestar.com/opinion/2021/2/23/romanticizing-serial-killers-in-the-media

[5] Ruben, E. (2022, March 18). Ethical problems with (lack of) consent in biopics. Zee Feed.

Retrieved from https://zeefeed.com.au/ethics-consent-biopics/

[3] Kohn, L. (2021, April 30). The new bad boy: Why the romanticization of serial killers must end. Talon. Retrieved from https://oakparktalon.org/13016/opinion/the-new-badboy-why-the-romanticization-of-serial-killers-must-end/

[6] Why do Serial Killers Have Fans? (n.d.). In Crime and Investigation. Retrieved from https:// www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/article/why-do-serial-killers-have-fans

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Frances Tuazon byBy Frances Tuazon Have you ever heard a color instead of seeing it or smelled a sound instead of hearing it? It is often wondered by many if it was possible to see and touch abstract and intangible things and perceive ideas precisely as initially envisioned. A prime example would be that of Carol Crane’s, a psychologist back in the late 1990s. Carol feels the vibrations of musical instruments on her body and sees letters and numbers in vivid hues. For her, each unit of time also has its own shape. For example, she thinks of the months as cars in a Ferris wheel, with July at the top and December at the bottom.

The people who experience this are called synesthetes, while the phenomenon is referred to as synesthesia, a perceptual condition characterized as a “crossing of the senses.” According to WebMD, it is a neurological condition where information intended to affect only one of your senses stimulates all of them. It has over 80 different types and can occur in a variety of forms.

Some can taste shapes, while others can see printed numbers, letters, and words in hues. Others experience what experts refer to as conceptual synesthesia, wherein they perceive abstract ideas as time units or mathematical operations as projected shapes.

Additionally, a handful of synesthetes encounter variations of the condition (Carpenter, 2022).

Relevantly, an increasing number of social media users claim to be synesthetes. However, numerous misconceptions and misinformation have risen from disbelief and confusion among netizens. Neuroscientist John Harrison claims that when he first encountered synesthetes 40 years ago, they were hesitant to discuss their condition out of fear of mockery (Tait, 2022). This line of reasoning is rooted in a long history of skepticism concerning synesthesia. Hence highlighting the need to raise awareness and to break the stigma of synesthesia being a mental disorder.

Studies suggest that approximately one in 2,000 people have synesthesia. In contrast to hallucination and metaphor, research has shown that the phenomenon is biological, automatic, and unlikely to be unlearned (Mylopoulos & Ro, 2013). Moreover, some synesthetes claim to experience sensory overload and exhaustion resulting from excessive stimulation. Nonetheless, the condition is usually not a major concern, given that most synesthetes value what they regard as an extra sense.

With the emerging studies and traction synesthesia

and synesthetes are obtaining, researchers can

elucidate and illustrate the variations in perception

and their connection to complex cognitive

functions, such as language and memory

processing (Guardian staff reporter, 2014). In

simpler words, research on this can equip us

with multiple clues on how our brain and

unconscious mind work.

Other than bringing the masses a step

closer to gaining a deeper understanding

of how our mind functions, discussing

synesthesia

the condition’s visibility, lessening the

possibility that clinicians and other netizens

might mistake it as a sign of mental illness. awareness about this matter can help break the

will

also

help

increase

Ultimately, educating ourselves and raising stigma that synesthesia is a mental disorder.

References: [1] Mylopoulos, M. I., & Ro, T. (2013). Synesthesia: a in Psychology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/

25

colorful word with a touching sound? Frontiers fpsyg.2013.00763

[2] Tait, A. (2022, May 16). What’s the Deal With https://www.wired.co.uk/article/synesthesia-

Synesthesia TikTok? WIRED UK; WIRED UK. tiktok

[3] Carpenter, S. (2022). Everyday fantasia: org. https://www.apa.org/monitor/mar01/ common%20form%20of,body%2C%20

The world of synesthesia. Https://Www.apa. synesthesia#:~:text=The%20most%20 usually%20within%20arm’s%20reach.

[4] This Is What’s Happening In the Brains (2015, June 11). Music Mark. https://www. happening-in-the-brains-of-people-who-

Research

of People Who “See” Music | Music Mark. musicmark.org.uk/news/this-is-whatssee-music/

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By Jinah Pagcu

by Jinah Pagcu

The value of the Philippine Peso is continually decreasing, reaching one of the weakest rates the country has seen in history. This is just one of the many obstacles troubling the nation’s people today. What are President Marcos Jr.’s plans to combat the struggles of the Filipino people? Is there any chance of recovery? And if so, how long will it take?

As of the second week of October 2022, the dollar value is at 58.75 PH Pesos, a 15% increase since December of the past year. Marcos Jr.’s administration not only struggled with the inherited debt from the Duterte administration during the pandemic, but also with the rising prices of oil and other consumer goods due to the Russia-Ukraine war. This means more of the taxpayers’ money will be used to pay off the country’s debts and less to the government’s proposed projects. However, even while juggling the burdens brought by the Covid-19 pandemic, the ballooned number of unemployment rates in the country, and the increasing national debt, the President stated that he is “quite optimistic” about the countermeasures the government is ready to implement to ease the financial worries of the Filipino people through the Medium-Term Fiscal Program and the Philippine Developmental Plan (PDP) 2022-2028 (Inquirer, 2022).

A now infamous quote from Senator Sandro Marcos, the President’s son and Senior Deputy Majority Leader of the House of Representatives: “I would like to make one thing clear… the peso is not weak because the peso is weak. The peso is weak because the dollar is strong.”

References: [1] Sarao, Z. (2022, November 13). PH ready to manage risks posed by Russia-Ukraine conflict, natural disasters. Inquirer. https://globalnation.inquirer. net/208262/ph-ready-to-manage-risks-posed-by-russia-ukraine-conflict-natural-disasters#ixzz7lHK0HX3y [2] Royandoyan, R. (2022, October 7). In charts: The Philippines economy 100 days into the Marcos presidency. Philstar Global. https://www.philstar.com/ business/2022/10/07/2214975/charts-philippine-economy-100-days-marcos-presidency [3] Atienza, K.A.T., Ta-asan, K.B. (2022, October 19). Marcos says government ready to defend peso. BusinessWorld. https://www.bworldonline.com/topstories/2022/10/19/481589/marcos-says-government-ready-to-defend-peso/

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The Recognition of Burnout in Educational Systems

By Audrey De Leon

27 Research

VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

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Pauliworld

28 A January 2022 survey conducted by RAND Corporation, an American research organization, showed that 85% of teachers experience restlessness while 59% of teachers are burnt out. Additionally, an analysis on higher education students 2 years ago found that 55.4% of students experience emotional lethargy and 31.6% feel disdain for academics. The World Health Organization defines burnout as an affliction rooted from heavy workload and unregulated workplace stress. It is a feeling of fatigue and weariness that heavily affects a person’s productivity and their personal interest in labor.

Two years into the pandemic, most Filipino teachers and students struggle with the major learning adjustments, with teachers urging for less and more manageable tasks. As they adapt to these changes, Filipino students have highlighted the importance of depending on effective communication and social support systems through online interactions; however, they are challenged by academic resilience.

Throughout the years, the topic of mental health has slowly been recognized by the Department of Education (Dep-Ed) and the House of Representatives. Courses on mental health awareness are being taught as part of the K-12 curriculum. House Resolution 422—aiming to include Mental Health into the Educational System and Mental Health Promotion in Educational Institutions, or the Philippine Mental Health Law—was adopted by the House Committee on Basic Education and Culture. Dep-Ed has become more open to the idea of health breaks to enable students to complete requirement backlogs, as well as to recuperate mentally.

However, despite the progress the Philippine education system has made to recognize burnout and other mental health issues, high expectations for students and teachers remain, leading to inevitable exhaustion. Whether lessons are held in-person or online, students are required to turn in their homework and complete assignments on time, without regard to the number of activities to be done. It is a common expectation that pupils make a conscientious effort to maintain academic status, while teachers must plan, develop, and present high-quality programs for teaching and must be updated by the pertinent and frequently changing curriculum.

The Philippine education system has greatly progressed, however, reform is still needed for further development.

References: [1] World Health Organization. (2019, May 28). Burn-out an “Occupational Phenomenon”: International Classification of Diseases. https://www.who.int/news/item/28-05-2019-burn-out-anoccupational-phenomenon-international-classification-of-diseases#:~:text=%E2%80%9CBurn%2Dout%20is%20a%20syndrome,related%20to%20one’s%20job%3B%20and [2] Will, M. (2022, June 15). Stress, Burnout, Depression: Teachers and Principals are Not Doing Well, New Data Confirm. Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/stressburnout-depression-teachers-and-principals-are-not-doing-well-new-data-confirm/2022/06#:~:text=Nearly%20three%2Dfourths%20of%20teachers,44%20percent%20of%20 other%20workers.

[3] De Jesus, E. (2022, October 16). DepEd and The Education Crisis: Lost in the Forest. Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/voices/thought-leaders/opinion-deped-education-crisis-lost-in-theforest/ [4] Alves, S. et. al. (2022, February 7). Burnout and Dropout Intention in Medical Students: The Protective Role of Academic Engagement. BMC Medical Education. https://bmcmededuc. biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-021-03094-9 [5] Cervantes, F. (2021, March 5). House Pushes for Mental Health Awareness Course In K-12. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1132695 [6] Mercado, N. (2022, January 14). Health break, finally? DepEd officially suspends classes in public schools in Metro Manila from Jan. 15 to 22. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1540480/healthbreak-finally-deped-officially-suspends-classes-in-ncr-from-jan-15-to-22#ixzz7kLTu80U5 [7] AFS USA. (2022, August). Academic Expectations. https://myafshelp.afsusa.org/hc/en-us/articles/360053028654-Academic-Expectations#:~:text=Students%20are%20expected%20to%20 complete,the%20host%20school%20is%20expected.

[8] Queensland Government. (2022, February 14). Expectations of Teachers. https://teach.qld.gov.au/teach-in-queensland-state-schools/working-with-us/expectations-of-teachers

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VOLUME XXXVIII NO. 1 SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2022

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ST. PAUL COLLEGE PASIG HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

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