Thursday, February 20 at the Citrus Club 255 S Orange Ave., STE 1800, Orlando, FL 32801
February Joint Luncheon with Paul C. Perkins Bar Association Featuring Daryll Lewis
RSVP by Monday, February 17, 2025
Ashley Velez ashleyv@ocbanet.org | orangecountybar.org/page/store RSVPs and cancellations will not be accepted after February 17, 2025.
A MOMENT OF GRATITUDE
AUTHOR Arti Ajit Hirani, Esq.
As I enter the second half of my year as Bar President, I want to take a moment to express my deep appreciation for the opportunity to serve this incredible organization. While some of our biggest events are still ahead, it’s important to pause and reflect on the larger picture.
Traveling across the state, I often remind audiences that we are not only one of the largest voluntary bar organizations in Florida but also one of just two bars in the nation with a mandatory pro bono requirement. Our commitment to service extends beyond our own organization, as demonstrated by the out-
standing achievements of our members.
This year, Tom Zehnder, past president of the Orange County Bar Association, received the 2025 Tobias Simon Pro Bono Service Award which is the Florida Supreme Court’s highest honor for a private attorney’s pro bono work. Since 1996, Tom has dedicated
more than 1�100 hours of volunteer legal services through the Legal Aid Society of the Orange County Bar Association. His leadership by example is inspiring and marked by humility, dedication, and a relentless commitment to those in need.
Our legacy of excellence in service runs deep. Past Presidents Jamie Bilotte Moses and Bruce Blackwell have also received this prestigious award, while Past President Nick Shannin was honored with The Florida Bar President’s Pro Bono Award for the 9th Circuit. Seeing our members contribute so much reinforces our collective mission and sets the standard for professionalism and service.
The work we do together is meaningful, and I am grateful for each and every one of you who contributes to making our bar the outstanding organization that it is. Here’s to a strong and impactful second half of the year!
The Impact of Our Board
Our Executive Council plays a crucial role in shaping our organization and supporting our members. Here’s what some of our dedicated leaders have to say about their experience:
“Serving on the OCBA Executive Council has been one of the most rewarding experiences of my career. It has helped me grow both professionally and personally, providing countless opportunities to assist others and foster positive change in our legal community. I have also built lifelong friendships through this service. My life would not be nearly as fulfilled without the experiences I share with my fellow Council members.”
—Michael Barber
Warm regards, Arti
Hirani
“Serving on the OCBA Executive Council has been one of the greatest honors of my life. It is a privilege to support our members and help the organization uphold its values of honor, dignity, truth, and professionalism while also educating the public about the legal system. I am proud to be part of such a wonderful and supportive group, and the friendships I have made here will last a lifetime.”
—John Hunt
Arti Ajit Hirani, Esq. is an attorney at Meenakshi A. Hirani, P.A. She is serving as both president of the Association and president-elect of the Young Lawyers Division of The Florida Bar.
NEW WINTER PARK COURTHOUSE OFFICIALLY OPENS
I’m excited to share that we are kicking off February with the grand opening of a brand-new location for our Winter Park branch. This new location is more than just a branch office—it’s a state-of-the-art, larger, and permanent home for our operations. It is designed not only to serve as a branch but also as a fully functioning courthouse which is set to provide better service to our community and provide better access to justice for all.
This new building represents a significant upgrade over our previous location. It is three times the size of our former branch and boasts the addition of two full-fledged courtrooms. As Chief Judge Lisa Munyon shared with me, one of these courtrooms will be permanently dedicated to civil matters, with an Orange County Judge assigned to handle these cases. The second courtroom will be dedicated to handling traffic cases.
One of the most exciting features of this new location is the expansion of our SelfHelp services. These services, which I first introduced at the Orange County Courthouse back in 2015, will now be available at the Winter Park location. This expansion is particularly significant, because it means that more members of our community will have access to legal assistance when they need it most. The Self-Help services are designed to assist individuals who are representing themselves in court, providing them with guidance on family law matters, small claims cases, and residential evictions. Our goal is to ensure that people who cannot afford an attorney still have the tools they need to navigate the legal system and advocate for themselves.
In addition to the expanded Self-Help services, the Winter Park location will include a dedicated attorney consultation room. This space will provide attorneys with a private area to meet with clients and offer legal advice, ensuring that those seeking assistance can connect with the right professionals who can help them with their cases. As we expand these services, there will certainly be a growing need for attorneys who are willing to volunteer their time and expertise to assist those who need it most. We are always looking for dedicated attorneys to contribute to this important work, especially those who are bilingual in Spanish, Creole, and Portuguese. If you are an attorney interested in volunteering, I encourage you to reach out to the Orange County Bar Association for more information about how you can get involved.
The expansion of these services is a key part of our ongoing commitment to ensuring that everyone in our community has access to justice. This courthouse is not just a building—it’s a place where people will be able to seek help, resolve disputes, and find solutions to some of life’s most difficult challenges. With this new facility, we are enhancing the services available to residents in Winter Park and in East Orange County.
For those celebrating life’s special moments, an expanded wedding ceremony room offers a beautiful and spacious setting for your big day. With a larger service area for my office, you will also be able to conveniently apply for your marriage license or a passport, make payments for Traffic or Criminal cases, and handle Small Claims or Eviction matters, all in one location. The new courthouse is conveniently
The Honorable Tiffany Moore Russell, Esq., Orange County Clerk of Courts, has been a member of the OCBA since 2004.
located just off University Boulevard, near Goldenrod Road.
This is a major milestone in our efforts to improve access to justice and provide the highest level of service to the people of Orange County. We are excited about the op-
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JUDICIAL FUNDING
A Call for Advocacy.
As you all likely already know, the Florida Supreme Court released its certification opinion on judicial needs in December. Overall, the justices recommended the addition of 23 circuit court and 25 county court judgeships to Florida courts. Three of those seats were recommended for the Ninth’s bench: one circuit judge, one Orange County judge, and one Osceola County judge.
Getting a recommendation for adding judges to a bench is no simple process. Every circuit must submit a Judicial Needs Application (JNA). And to prepare a JNA, we must take a long, hard look at our numbers across multiple years. That’s not to say the courts are unfamiliar with those numbers. On the contrary, the courts are intimately aware of filings and clearance rates on a regular basis. But preparing a JNA requires a much deeper dive into the data than how we interact with it in the day to day.
Once the JNA is finished, it’s submitted to the Office of the State Courts Administrator who, in turn, prepares the information for submission to the Florida Supreme Court. Our justices take a long, hard look at the data at both the micro level – individual circuits –and the macro level – the Florida judicial system, trying to balance present need with longterm forecasts of future filing trends. Once they’ve made their findings, they submit their certification opinion to the Florida legislature.
Technically, the next step is for the legislature to review the opinion while taking a long, hard look at state finances to assess if funds can be allocated for new judgeships. (I say technically because another step was added in 2019). This next step is not performed by judges and justices, but rather by you. Now the judges prepare and submit the JNA, justices review and make recommenda-
tions, the legal community advocates for the inclusion of the judgeship in the state budget, and the legislature assesses fundability.
The legal community’s involvement – your involvement – doesn’t just add another step to an already long process. (Numbers and data are nothing but pops and buzzes without the proper framework). It gives the legislature context. And context is exactly what the legislature needs to fully understand the importance of additional seats on the bench.
Of all the steps in this process, your advocacy is not only the most important, it’s the most impactful. If you don’t believe me, just take a look back at the past few years: 2018 / 2019 / 2020 / 2023 / 2024.
In 2018, we submitted a JNA. The Florida Supreme Court recommended two additional judgeships. You advocated fiercely for these additional seats during the 2019 legislative session. The legislature listened and funded one of the judgeships in the 20192020 state budget. This allowed the circuit to reestablish Business Court!
In 2019, we began anew: we submitted the JNA, the Florida Supreme Court recommended three additional judgeships, you advocated for them, and the legislature funded all three in the 2020-2021 state budget. Unfortunately, those judgeships were one of the many casualties of the pandemic with COVID forcing the Governor to make some deep budget cuts that included those seats. However, when we went through this process again in 2020, the end result was three new judgeships added to the 2021-2022 state budget.
In 2023, we went to bat again: we submitted the JNA, the Florida Supreme Court recommended three additional judgeships, you advocated for them, and the legislature funded all three seats in the 2024-2025 state bud-
The Honorable Lisa T. Munyon is the Chief Judge of the Ninth Judicial Circuit Court. She has been an OCBA member since 2000.
get. The Governor appointed Judge Heather Guarch and Judge Mark Miller to two of those seats. We celebrated their investiture last month!
That brings us to the present day. At the end of summer 2024, we submitted the JNA. The Florida Supreme Court released their certification opinion recommending we receive three additional judgeships just before the December holidays!
The legislature begins its 2025 session on March 4; interim committee meetings have been occurring for months. And, this is where I ask you for your advocacy once again.
You are the circuit’s best allies and fiercest advocates. You’re uniquely qualified to argue from every point of view why funding for these seats should be added to the state budget. You know firsthand how strained judicial resources affect your firms and your own caseloads. You see it on the bench – the packed dockets and inevitable delays. And, you see its impact on your clients – the strain and stress it creates in their daily lives.
Your advocacy – your voice – makes all the difference.
Text or call your state representatives. Post to social media and tag them. Reach out to your representatives and remind them that supporting this funding directly translates to supporting every single person in their district with a pending case in our circuit.
I know there is no surefire way to secure funding for these judgeships. There are too many variables impacting the state budget for any guarantee. But there’s a tangible difference between the legislature reviewing the certification opinion in isolation and reviewing it after listening to you explain the needs of our circuit.
We’ve accomplished a great many things together, and I imagine this time will be no different. Thank you in advance for continuing to support and fight for our circuit. With you as our advocates, I have no doubt we will be welcoming three new judges to the bench this year.
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The businesses listed herein (the“Vendors”) are not affiliated with the Orange County Bar Association (OCBA) and shall not under any circumstances be deemed to have any authority to act on behalf of the OCBA. The OCBA does not make, and expressly disclaims, any warranty, representation, responsibility, or guarantee as to (a) the quality or suitability of the Vendors, their products, or services, and (b) the duration or validity of any discount or other promotion offered by any of the Vendors.
“DUES” AND DON’TS: CIVIL RIGHTS IN AMERICA
Fundamental Due Process Rights and those that do not receive them.
Iam honored to have been asked to serve as the Chairperson for the Civil Rights Committee. I am a retired law enforcement officer with over two decades of experience, and I was a prosecutor in the State Attorney’s Office for a brief period prior to starting my own practice. Everyone I had the pleasure of working alongside in both professions was an absolute professional and displayed the highest ethical standards.
IMPORTANCE OF CIVIL RIGHTS
The United States has the most people incarcerat-
ed in the world. Indeed, thousands of defendants go through the Criminal Justice system daily,
both federally and locally. Every one of them expects and is entitled to their Due Process rights contained in the Fourth and Fifth Amendments of the United States Constitution. The substantive and procedural rights are clearly spelled out and, if necessary, explained to all criminal defendants. Many of them have a fundamental understanding gleaned from the familiarity of the process, individual research, television, movies, and more recently, social media.
Although the system is designed to be fair, it is not infallible. Errors have been made, which has unfortunately led to innocent people being incarcerated for lengthy periods of time and even put to death. Additionally, and sadly, intentional violation of Civil Rights have also led to those same results.
LOSS OF FAITH IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
The importance of the protections guaranteed by the Civil Rights Amendments cannot be overstat-
Walter Roberts Real Estate Attorney specializing in landlord and tenant disputes at The Walter Roberts Law Firm, P.A.
ed. Civil Rights protects individuals regardless of their race, religion, gender, national origin, disabilities, and other protected classes. The goal is to promote a fair and just society. Nowhere is fairness and justice more important than in the criminal justice system, where lengthy prison sentences and capital punishment can be meted out.
A significant issue in the United States today is a reality that some people have a strong distrust of the criminal justice system. Whether the distrust is fragmented and directed towards certain actors or a net cast wide over the entire system, the result is the feeling that people were not treated the same. These feelings are strengthened by high-profile events but also several much lower-profile exonerations. These cases, which at times result in lengthy incarcerations, often do not receive any more coverage beyond the news clip showing a teary-eyed emotional family reunion. That is unfortunate because it is likely the very reason why some have legitimately lost faith in the system. Our nation’s civil rights laws are intended to ensure that all people are treated equally. Equal treatment depends on the
assumption that everyone involved is acting in good faith. When one or more act in bad faith, then the results for all cannot achieve the intended goal of fairness and justice for all. The public is aware that individual officers have been imprisoned for violating individuals’ civil rights. The public’s confidence is surely eroded by the fact that in the United States only one prosecutor has ever been jailed for misconduct which led to a wrongful conviction. Because police and prosecutors need immunity to perform their functions effectively, more needs to be done to restore public confidence.
HOW CAN THE SYSTEM BE BETTER?
One way is to dedicate more financial resources and human resources to the problem. Prosecuting agencies in some jurisdictions have enacted some version of a conviction integrity unit. There is no question that the police and prosecutors are under immense pressure to solve cases and bring perpetrators to justice. This is especially true in high-profile media-focused events. However, notwithstanding that fact, there is no excuse for violating an individual’s civil rights, but mistakes can unfortunate-
ly happen at times. A second set of eyes has provided some measure of relief for the innocent. The Conviction Integrity Units conduct detailed investigations by reviewing case files and reinterviewing witnesses and, in some cases, have uncovered police and prosecutorial error and misconduct. Conviction Integrity Units have been responsible for the release of innocent people from incarceration and overturning convictions in hundreds of cases nationwide. Those who are exonerated are often awarded civil damages intended to right the wrong but missed experiences we take for granted and endured horrors we couldn’t imagine. They often still bear a modern-day scarlet letter by the public despite being proven innocent.
CONCLUSION
Lawyers and police officers at times have bad reputations. Those of us who take our oath seriously and conduct ourselves accordingly are judged by the actions of those who don’t. One high-profile incident can have a cascading effect across the whole industry for generations. Although more changes may be appropriate, police reforms have been put in place to curtail bad behavior and hold
rogue officers accountable for their actions. Their actions have led to innocent people being wrongfully incarcerated. Police officers have been tried, convicted, and incarcerated for violating the rights of individuals. The message is clear that criminal behavior should not and will not be tolerated by members of law enforcement. It stands to reason that those persons wrongfully incarcerated would expect that standard to be the rule for all representatives of the criminal justice system, but certainly the prosecutor who is expected to abide by his oath. Prosecutors are by far ethical people who adhere to their ethical duty to only pursue cases supported by the evidence. The vast majority are pursuing this mission in courtrooms every day. Police officers and prosecutors are a necessary part of the criminal justice system. I have a great deal of respect serving in both roles and now as an outside observer. One wrongly convicted person is one too many, and anything that can reasonably be done to ensure that doesn’t happen by mistake or misconduct should be done. Expanding and creating robust Conviction Integrity Units will help to right some wrongs.
Melissa Bryan, Esq. is an attorney with HAWM, PLLC. Ms. Bryan practices in the area of immigration, focusing on family and employment processes, personal injury, and criminal defense law. She is a Chair of the OCBA Diversity and Inclusion committee & a committee member of the Immigration Law and Criminal Law Committee.
Ken Richardson is a Vice President of Business Development at Repario Data. Repario Data provides eDiscovery, forensics and data breach services for law firms and corporations. He is cochair for the OCBA Diversity and Inclusion committee.
CULTURAL COMPETENCY IN THE LEGAL FIELD
Orange County has experienced demographic shifts over the past few decades. These changes have altered the social fabric of the community but have also impacted on the legal landscape. As the population grows and diversifies, legal professionals must adapt to the evolving needs of their clients and the community.
POPULATION GROWTH
Orange County has seen an increase in its population. This growth is driven by both domestic migration and international immigration, making it one of the fastest-growing areas in the United States. The county’s population is not only increasing in numbers but also becoming more diverse in terms of racial and ethnic composition.
The racial and ethnic makeup of Orange County includes a significant number of Hispanic, African American, Asian, and other minority groups. This diversity brings a cultural tapestry to the area but also presents unique challenges for the legal system. Additionally, the age composition of the population is varied, with a mix of young families, work-
immigration cases demand an understanding of the unique challenges faced by individuals from different countries, including language barriers, fear of deportation, and the intricacies of asylum and visa processes.
ing-age adults, and a growing number of retirees.
CULTURAL SENSITIVITY IN LEGAL
Orange County, Florida, is home to a diverse population, with nearly 60% of residents identifying as part of a minority group, including significant Hispanic/Latino, Black, and Asian communities.
Legal Services: The cultural diversity in Orange County, Florida influences various legal issues, particularly in areas like family law and immigration. For instance, family law cases may involve culturally specific practices, such as unique marital norms, parenting traditions, and approaches to elder care, which must be considered to reach fair and respectful resolutions. Similarly,
One in four Orange County residents is foreign-born, and 44% of households speak a language other than English at home. These statistics highlight the importance of cultural sensitivity and multilingual support in legal practice. Language barriers often hinder access to justice, necessitating the use of interpreters, translated legal documents, and culturally adapted explanations of legal procedures. Legal professionals must integrate cultural sensitivity and competency into their practices to ensure fair and equitable treatment and access to justice for all clients, regardless of their background.
Community: Engaging with the community is essential for building trust and understanding the needs of diverse populations. Outreach programs and legal aid clinics play a vital role in this regard. These initiatives provide valuable legal services to underserved communities and help bridge the gap be-
tween legal professionals and the public.
Legal aid clinics offer pro bono services, helping individuals who may not otherwise afford legal representation. Orange County’s legal aid organizations, such as the Orange County Bar Association Legal Aid Society and Community Legal Services, offer critical pro bono services in areas like housing, immigration, family law, and consumer rights. These clinics provide not only legal assistance but also opportunities for attorneys to build trust and understand the unique challenges faced by underserved populations. For example, a 2022 report noted that over 25% of Orange County residents live in households where a language other than English is spoken, highlighting the need for multilingual and culturally attuned services in legal aid programs1. By addressing these critical areas, legal aid clinics contribute to the overall well-being of the community
Building trust within the community requires ongoing efforts. Legal professionals must be visible and accessible, participating in community events and forums. This visibility helps demystify the legal process and encourages individuals to seek legal assistance when needed.
Legal Education: Legal education must prioritize cultural awareness, equipping future attorneys with the tools to address the complexities of representing diverse populations. Training on the impact of cultural differences in the legal system should be a core component of law school curricula. Courses in cross-cultural communication, implicit bias, and the legal needs of specific groups, such as immigrants, refugees, and ethnic minorities, are essential. By fostering cultural competence early in their careers, law students become better prepared to deliver empathetic and effective legal representation that respects their clients’ cultural backgrounds.
In Orange County, Florida, two prominent law schools—Barry University School of Law and Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) College of Law—are well-positioned to integrate such training into their programs. Collaboration between these institutions and the local legal profession is vital for promoting cultural awareness. Orange County legal practitioners, working in partnership with these law schools, can share real-world insights, provide mentorship, and host workshops on cultural competency. These collaborative efforts not only enhance the educa- 1. https://www.census.gov/
tion of future lawyers but also strengthen the community’s trust in the legal system by ensuring that the next generation of attorneys is prepared to serve a diverse population with understanding and respect. By integrating cultural sensitivity into legal education and community engagement, legal professionals can bridge the gap between the justice system and the diverse populations they serve. This approach not only addresses immediate legal needs
Legal professionals must be visible and accessible, participating in community events and forums.
but also fosters long-term trust, empowerment, and equitable access to justice in the community.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Community engagement is an essential aspect of effective legal advocacy, particularly in culturally diverse areas like Orange County, Florida. Outreach programs and legal aid clinics serve as vital conduits for bridging the gap between legal professionals and underserved populations. These initiatives not only provide critical access to justice for individuals who might otherwise be excluded but also allow legal practitioners to gain a deeper understanding of the unique cultural and socioeconomic challenges faced by the communities they serve. For example, organizations like the Orange County Bar Association Legal Aid Society and Community Legal Services play a pivotal role in offering free or low-cost legal support in areas such as housing, immigration, and family law, ensuring equitable representation for vulnerable populations.
Building trust and understanding the community’s needs are cornerstones of successful legal outreach. Cultural competency enhances this process by equipping legal professionals with the tools
Building trust and understanding the community’s needs are cornerstones of successful legal outreach.
to navigate diverse cultural contexts respectfully and effectively. When attorneys and staff approach community members with cultural awareness, they demonstrate an understanding of language barriers, traditions, and systemic inequities that may otherwise hinder communication and trust-building. This fosters a welcoming environment where clients feel heard and empowered to share their legal challenges.
Legal aid clinics, including those in Orange County, Florida, exemplify the importance of integrating cultural competency into community-based legal services. Through targeted workshops, pro bono events, and legal consultations, these programs actively engage with individuals from various cultural and linguistic backgrounds. By prioritizing cultural
competency, legal professionals in these programs not only address immediate legal concerns but also contribute to long-term empowerment and trust within the community.
CONCLUSION
Adapting to serving a diverse population is not just a necessity but a responsibility for legal professionals in Orange County. The demographic changes present both challenges and opportunities for the legal community. By embracing cul-
tural sensitivity, engaging with the community, and tailoring legal services to meet diverse needs, legal professionals can ensure that justice is accessible to all residents.
In summary, the evolving demographics of Orange County require a proactive approach from the legal community. Understanding and addressing the unique needs of a diverse population will lead to more effective and equitable legal services, ultimately benefiting the entire community.
Review the Living Trust and Ancillaries document titled The Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust sequentially and summarize every article, section, and subsection thoroughly and in order. Do not skip any article or subsection unless it is explicitly marked as not relevant. If a section or article contains no meaningful information, note "No relevant content" instead of omitting it. Ensure the summary for each article is self-contained, without combining information between articles.
Instructions for Article-by-Article Review:
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Mediators & Arbitrators
Article One:
Establishing
Our Trust
◦ Use the format: Article [Number]: [Title]
1. Process in Order: Begin from the first article and proceed sequentially, one article at a time. Do not skip any articles.
Review the Living Trust and Ancillaries document titled The Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust sequentially and summarize every article, section, and subsection thoroughly and in order. Do not skip any article or subsection unless it is explicitly marked as not relevant. If a section or article contains no meaningful information, note "No relevant content" instead of omitting it. Ensure the summary for each article is self-contained, without combining information between articles.
• Summary: Provide a 3-5 sentence summary.
◦ If the article contains subsections, summarize each subsection separately under the article summary.
Instructions for Article-by-Article Review:
and Ancillaries document titled The Samantha Jones and Howard sequentially and summarize every article, section, and subsection Do not skip any article or subsection unless it is explicitly marked as not article contains no meaningful information, note "No relevant content" Ensure the summary for each article is self-contained, without combining articles. Article-by-Article Review:
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2. Mark Every Article: Every article must have a summary, even if it appears unimportant. Do not skip any articles in the document, and follow them in numerical order.
1. Process in Order: Begin from the first article and proceed sequentially, one article at a time. Do not skip any articles.
3. Section Summaries within Articles:
Order: Begin from the first article and proceed sequentially, one article at a any articles.
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• Summary: This article establishes the Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust, effective as of September 5, 2024. It outlines the intent to create a valid trust under California law and any other applicable state laws. The trust terms are designed to prevail over any non-mandatory provisions of California law.
Section 1.01: Identifying Our Trust
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Article One: Establishing Our Trust
Article One: Establishing Our Trust
• Summary: The trust is identified as "Samantha Jones and Howard Jones, Trustees, or their successors in interest, of the Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust dated September 5, 2024, and any amendments thereto." This identification is used for transferring property to the trust or in beneficiary designations.
Section 1.02: Reliance by Third Parties
• Summary: This article establishes the Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust, effective as of September 5, 2024. It outlines the intent to create a valid trust under California law and any other applicable state laws. The trust terms are designed to prevail over any non-mandatory provisions of California law.
• Summary: This article establishes the Samantha Jones and Howard Trust, effective as of September 5, 2024. It outlines the intent to create trust under California law and any other applicable state laws. The are designed to prevail over any non-mandatory provisions of California
Section 1.01: Identifying Our Trust
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◦ If an article contains multiple sections, include each section individually.
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2. Mark Every Article: Every article must have a summary, even if it appears unimportant. Do not skip any articles in the document, and follow them in numerical order.
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Article: Every article must have a summary, even if it appears unimportant. articles in the document, and follow them in numerical order.
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◦ If an article contains multiple sections, include each section individually.
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contains multiple sections, include each section individually.
Section 1.01: Identifying Our Trust
• Summary: Third parties dealing with the trust may rely on a certification of trust instead of the full trust document. This certification includes the trustee's authority and pertinent pages, protecting the confidentiality of the trust. California Probate Code Section 18100.5(h) is referenced regarding liability for demanding the full trust document.
• Summary: The trust is identified as "Samantha Jones and Howard Jones, Trustees, or their successors in interest, of the Samantha Jones and Howard Jones Living Trust dated September 5, 2024, and any amendments thereto." This identification is used for transferring property to the trust or in beneficiary designations.
Section 1.02: Reliance by Third Parties
• Summary: The trust is identified as "Samantha Jones and Howard Trustees, or their successors in interest, of the Samantha Jones and Jones Living Trust dated September 5, 2024, and any amendments This identification is used for transferring property to the trust or in designations.
Section 1.02: Reliance by Third Parties
• Summary: Third parties dealing with the trust may rely on a certification of trust instead of the full trust document. This certification includes the trustee's authority and pertinent pages, protecting the confidentiality of the trust. California Probate Code Section 18100.5(h) is referenced regarding liability for demanding the full trust document.
• Summary: Third parties dealing with the trust may rely on a certification instead of the full trust document. This certification includes the trustee's authority and pertinent pages, protecting the confidentiality of the trust.
Probate Code Section 18100.5(h) is referenced regarding liability for the full trust document.
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of the OCBA since 1998.
LOOKING FORWARD AND BEHIND
Gender Diversity in Florida’s Legal Profession.
Gender diversity in the legal profession has become an increasingly important topic of discussion, not just nationally but also within our state and our local legal community. As society continues to grapple with issues of equity and inclusion, the legal field has made strides toward greater gender representation. However, challenges remain, particularly within law firms, courtrooms, and legal institutions.
During a recent social gathering with one of our voluntary bar associations, I was introduced to a husband and wife who were attending the event with their young daughter. As I introduced myself, I asked the husband what type of law he practiced, and I felt somewhat sheepish when he said he was a stay-athome dad and his wife was the lawyer. Although I planned to ask his wife the same question next, I realized I automatically assumed he was an attorney and asked him a question about his career before asking his wife about her career, reminding me that gender bias and assumptions still exist within our profession, even within myself. In the spirit of that realization, this article ex-
plores the current state of gender diversity in law in Florida, the progress made, and the hurdles still faced.
THE LANDSCAPE OF GENDER DIVERSITY IN LAW IN FLORIDA
Florida is one of the most diverse states in the U.S., home to a wide range of ethnic, racial, and gender identities. However, when it comes to gender representation within the legal profession, Florida has mirrored trends seen across the country. The legal field, historically dominated by men, is gradually becoming more gender-diverse, with increasing numbers of women entering law schools, joining firms, and holding judicial positions. One of the key metrics in measuring gender di-
versity in law is the breakdown of law school enrollments. According to the American Bar Association (ABA), women have made significant inroads into law schools, with women now comprising more than half of all law students across the country. Specifically, the 2024 ABA Profile of the Legal Profession notes that “male attorneys still outnumber female attorneys 58% to 41% but the gap is narrowing as U.S. law schools award more juris doctor degrees to women than men every year, while older lawyers — predominantly men — are retiring.”2 In this regard, it is notable the percentage of female attorneys is up from 36% in 2014, just 10 years ago. In addition, law schools in Florida report that women account for more than 50% of their student bodies, suggesting a strong trend toward gender diversity in legal education.3 This is why the ABA report predicts that 2016 to 2026 “may become known as the Decade of the Female Lawyer,” with the profession shifting from a male majority to a female majority.
However, this diversity does not always translate into equal representation in law firms or judicial positions. Despite the increasing number of women earning law degrees, women often face obsta-
Christine Wasula, Esq., is a partner at Cole, Scott & Kissane, PA, and has been a member
cles when it comes to career advancement, compensation, and leadership roles in the profession.
GENDER DISPARITIES IN LAW FIRMS AND LEGAL PRACTICES
While women make up a significant portion of law school graduates, the representation of women in senior positions within law firms and legal practices lags behind.4 In Florida, as in many other states, women are still underrepresented in high-ranking roles such as managing partners and senior coun-
sel. A report by the Florida Bar indicates that, while women represent around 41% of practicing attorneys in the state, they account for a much smaller percentage of equity partners in large firms. The traditional law firm structure, with its emphasis on long hours, billable hours, and high-pressure environments, often presents barriers to gender diversity, particularly for those who may face additional social or familial expectations. Efforts to address these disparities have come in various forms, including
mentorship initiatives and the establishment of networks for women in law. Florida has seen a rise in such initiatives, including the Women’s Section of the Florida Bar, which supports women lawyers in advancing their careers, achieving work-life balance, and breaking down barriers to leadership roles.5 Additionally, organizations such as the Florida Association of Women Lawyers (FAWL),6 the Central Florida Association of Women Lawyers (CFAWL),7 and the Seminole County Florida Association of Women Law-
yers8 work on the state and local levels to promote gender equality and leadership roles for women in law in Florida, which has had a positive effect on the legal market in our state.
CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN IN LAW
While progress has been made, significant challenges remain for women in law. One of the most persistent issues is the gender pay gap. Despite increasing numbers of women entering the profession, studies continue to show that women lawyers in
By fostering an environment that values diversity and equity, Florida can become a model for other states in advancing gender equality in law.
Florida, and across the U.S., earn less than their male counterparts. According to the ABA, female associates earn less than male associates on average, with the gap widening as attorneys move up the ranks and being even more pronounced for women of color. This pay disparity remains a pressing issue in Florida, particularly in private firms and large corporations where salaries can vary significantly based on experience and specialization.
capable in high-stakes litigation or leadership roles, still persist. These biases not only affect women’s professional growth but can also contribute to their higher turnover rates compared to men.
PROGRESS AND POSITIVE DEVELOPMENTS
Jamie Grosshans, Renatha Francis, and Meredith Sasso.9 In Orange and Osceola counties, women make up half of the circuit judges, which is higher than the statewide average, and we proudly have a female chief judge, Lisa T. Munyon. These appointments serve as a reminder of the importance of representation at all levels of the legal system.
THE ROAD AHEAD
The future of gender diversity in Florida’s legal profession is bright, but there is still much work to be done. Closing the gender pay gap, ensuring equal opportunities for career advancement, and fostering a culture of inclusion will require sustained effort and commitment from law firms and legal organizations.
Additionally, gender-based discrimination and bias continue to affect women within the legal field. Female attorneys often report facing subtle biases that question their competence, expertise, and ability to lead. Gender stereotypes, such as the belief that women are less
Despite these challenges, there have been notable advancements in the pursuit of gender diversity in Florida’s legal landscape. Florida has become a leader in appointing women to judicial positions. Women currently hold approximately 30% of all judicial seats in the state, and 43% of the seats on the Florida Supreme Court, with Governor DeSantis making several high-profile appointments of women to the Florida Supreme Court, including Justices
As Florida’s legal landscape evolves, it is crucial that efforts to increase gender diversity continue to gain momentum. By fostering an environment that values diversity and equity, Florida can become a model for other states in advancing gender equality in law. In addition, the OCBA can continue to be a leader in advancing gender equality for other bar voluntary associations in the state, as it already is in so many areas of the practice.
For more information about pro bono options or opportunities with the Legal Aid Society of the Orange County Bar Association, Inc., please contact Judy Fults at JFults@legalaidocba.org or Larri Thatcher at LThatcher@ legalaidocba.org. For more information on becoming a financial donor or helping our fundraising efforts, please contact Donna Haynes, Development Director, at dhaynes@legalaidocba.org or 407-515-1850.
A CHAMPION FOR JUSTICE THROUGH PRO BONO WORK
William “Bill” Davis has had an unconventional path to becoming the attorney he is today. His journey to law began far from the courtroom, as he initially worked as a technical support specialist, troubleshooting accounting systems software for large companies. This career, while intellectually stimulating, was far from fulfilling, due to the solitary nature of the work. Bill quickly realized that while he enjoyed problem-solving, he wanted to work with people directly and use his skills in a way that would have a more personal impact. Today, Bill is the owner of his own law firm, The
to the community. His pro bono cases primarily involve family law, particularly child custody disputes. One memorable case was when he helped a 58-year-old great-grandmother gain custody of her great-granddaughter. As part of the case, they also changed the child’s name, symbolizing a new beginning for the young girl.
Law Office of William A. Davis, Jr., P.A., where he specializes in insurance defense, representing policyholders who are sued by others. He also serves as a mediator and attorney’s fees expert. As a member of the Orange County Bar Association, Bill is committed to providing free legal services through the Legal Aid Society of the O.C.B.A., Inc. “Pro bono work is an obligation to our community,” Bill states. “I feel blessed to practice law, and I want to use my expertise to help those who need it most.”
For Bill, pro bono work is more than just fulfilling a requirement; it is a responsibility to give back
While Bill finds pro bono work fulfilling, it is not without its challenges. One of the most difficult aspects is staying current with legal developments in the areas that his pro bono cases touch. “It’s always a challenge to keep up with the law,” he says, “but Legal Aid provides fantastic support, so you don’t need experience in a specific area of law to get involved.” This support allows attorneys like Bill to take on cases they would not normally handle and still provide high-quality representation.
Through his pro bono work, Bill is reminded of the struggles many people face in and out of the legal system. “It keeps me grounded and reminds me that there are many people facing real, difficult issues,” he reflects.
Bill believes that more law firms should support pro bono efforts. He encourages firms to financially support Legal
Desire Lopez Torres OCBA Member Since 2024
William “Bill” Davis, owner of The Law Office of William A. Davis, Jr., P.A
Aid, especially through events like the Breakfast of Champions. By doing so, firms can help ensure that legal services remain accessible to those in need.
As his children move on to college, Bill plans to take on even more pro bono cases, continuing his commitment to making a real difference in the lives of others. For him, law is not just a career; it is a way to change lives and help build a more just society.
As a reminder, Legal Aid Society of the O.C.B.A., Inc. was created by the OCBA. OCBA members have a duty to do pro bono
through our office. As such, you have three diverse choices to fulfill this obligation.
• Option one: You can donate $350 in lieu of pro bono service.
• Option two: You can take cases (this is the greatest need, and we provide training and support).
• Option three: You can participate in a project that does not require litigation (preference is given to government and in-house counsel, but open to everyone if the need is not fulfilled by those attorneys).
New Members
ATTORNEY
Coral L. Boniface
Garrett M. Brown
Daniel Cabeza
Stephen Andrew Craig Ustena Fam
Roland Hermida
Marianne S. Hoke
Jennifer Madeus
Jamie Elias Mann
Portia Mullings
Maria A. Riddle
Armando Rosal
Avita M Samaroo
Logan Satter
Victoria Adkins Snell
Charles Spiteri
Bryce James Uy-Byers
Steven Walden
AFFILIATE
Lindsey D Eamigh
LAW STUDENT
Victoria Christine Carrillo
PATRON
Daniel L Peele
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SIDEBAR
Alena V. Baker, Esq., of Alena Baker Criminal Defense, P.A., is a solo practitioner who practices primarily in the area of criminal law throughout Central Florida. She has been a member of the OCBA since 2011 and is a board member of the Criminal Law Committee of the OCBA.
VOLUNTARY BAR
Mid-Year Retreat
Central Florida Association for Women Lawyers (CFAWL)
JANUARY 18, 2025 / In preparation for the new calendar year, the CFAWL Board of Directors gathered for their mid-year retreat led by our President Nicolette Kramer! It was a day filled with reflecting on our accomplishments, brainstorming exciting ideas, and planning events for the months ahead.
Stay tuned for the amazing things we have in store—we look forward to continue making a positive impact together!
Professionalism Roundtable
Central Florida Association for Female Lawyers (CFAWL)
JANUARY 14, 2025 / the Central Florida Association for Women Lawyers (CFAWL) along with the Hispanic Bar Association of Central Florida (HBACF) hosted a Professionalism Roundtable on the use of ChatGPT. The event featured Chief Judge Lisa Munyon and Judge Amanda Bova at the beautiful Front Porch at The Monroe. The topic, “Using ChatGPT in Court,” sparked insightful discussions about how technology is reshaping the legal landscape.
Winter Social
The Greater Orlando Asian American Bar Association (GOAABA)
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General Body Meeting Luncheon
DECEMBER 17, 2024 / The Greater Orlando Asian American Bar Association co-hosted a Winter Social with the Asian American Chamber of Commerce of Central Florida at Hawkers Asian Street Food.
Asian Lantern Festival
The Greater Orlando Asian American Bar Association (GOAABA)
JANUARY 16, 2025 / GOAABA joined the Seminole County Florida Association for Women Lawyers at the Central Florida Zoo and Botanical Gardens for the Asian Lantern Festival.
WHO’S WHO
1 Back row: Meranda Landes, Mary Ann Morgan, Elizabeth Plummer, Kathleen Shea, Evelyn Pabon-Figueroa, Alena Baker Front Row: Mona Rosey Payne, Christina Russo Walters, Simon (the dog), Nicolette Kramer, Sharlene Stanford, Nequosha Anderson at their mid year retreat
2 Left to Right: Vanessa Clark, Nicolette Kramer, The Honorable Amanda Bova, Ginger Miranda, Ana Lopez, Christina Russo Walters
3 Group shot of GOAABA’s Winter Social.
4 Group Shot of GOABBA with the Seminole County Florida Association for Women Lawyers at the Asian Lantern Festival.
5 & 6 Attendees from January General Body Meeting Luncheon of 2025 at the OCBA center.
The Paul C. Perkins Bar Association (PCPBA)
JANUARY 15, 2025 / PCPBA hosted their first General Body Meeting of 2025 at the OCBA center. Highlights from “Building And Growing Your Legal Empire: A Step-By-Step Guide To Launching And Expanding Your Law Practice,” featuring a dynamic panel of legal experts who shared practical strategies for starting and expanding successful law practices.
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JANUARY 24 2025 / To foster creativity, CFAWL members gathered for a colorful Table for Eight titled “Paints and Pages” which featured an evening combining creativity, literature and connection. Attendees were able to paint their favorite book cover onto brick.
JANUARY 24 2025 / CFAWL and the Central Florida Association of
Criminal Defense Lawyers met for an extended lunch hour at the Christian Service Center where attendees volunteered prepping and plating lunches, scanning badges, distributing meals and helping with clean up.
JANUARY 27, 2025 / Members of CFAWL’s book club met at President Nicolette Kramer’s residence to discuss their
latest read: Tomorrow, Tomorrow and Tomorrow.
JANUARY 8, 2025 / The Paul C. Perkins Bar Association (PCPBA) hosted a Mock Trial for second grade students at Ivey Lane Elementary. This event helped introduce students to the legal process and helped inspire the next generation of leaders.
YOUNG LAWYERS SECTION
Luncheon
JANUARY 10, 2025 / YLS held its first luncheon of this new year! And in order to kick off this wonderful 2025 year, what better luncheon to have than with our esteemed speaker, CEO of Conservation Florida and environmental attorney, Tracy Deen. At Conservation Florida, she’s all about building powerful partnerships, connecting with community leaders, and driving major land deals to protect Florida’s wild spaces. Tracy and the attendees had the exciting opportunity to engage with each other, diving into passionate discussions about the importance of land conservation and the vital role environmental protection plays in preserving our planet for future generations.
OTHER YLS EVENTS
FEBRUARY 13, 2025 / Evening with the Judiciary: Save the date and buy your tickets! This yearly event is back already. This event is set to be an unforgettable evening where legal professionals and esteemed members of the judiciary come together for a night of lively networking, engaging conversations, and plenty of camaraderie. Your ticket grants you access to a mouthwatering spread of appetizers and a fully stocked hosted bar, making it the perfect setting to mix and mingle. And for our judiciary friends, admission is on the house! It’s a one-of-a-kind opportunity to connect with and learn from the brilliant jurists who’ve shaped the legal world, all while enjoying a fantastic atmosphere.
Location: Winter Park Event
Center, 1050 W Morse Blvd, Winter Park, FL 32789.
FEBRUARY 14, 2025 / YLS February Luncheon with Bill Umansky: Join us at our monthly luncheon where Bill “The Lawman” Umansky will speak on what he’s learned about professional development and relationships over his decades as a leader of the legal field in Central Florida! Location: Citrus Club, 255 S Orange Ave STE 1800, Orlando, Florida 32801.
STAY INFORMED:
To ensure you’re always upto-date with YLS activities, please sign up for our weekly email blasts. Visit our website and click “Sign Up for YLS Emails.”
WHO’S WHO
1 YLS’s Cocktail Tasting at the Modern
Ritcy Canelon, Esq., is an associate attorney of Tangel-Rodriguez & Associates, in child support enforcement matters. She has been a member of OCBA since 2021.
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100 Club
Firms with two or more attorneys who are all members can belong! If your firm is eligible, call the Membership Department (407-422-4551 x225)
