Cancer knows no border- Bellek

CANCER KNOWS NO BORDER Infrastructure Space

Alistair Lewin 18054484 Nadia Pinto 18058071 Kelly Cheung 18051316

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CONTENT PAGE 0 Brief & Theoretical Framework 1 Brexit 1.1 Precedent Studies of Global Border Town Example 1.2 Global Pharmaceutical Industry in Ireland 1.3 Brexit & Health Care 1.4 Health Care Comparison 1.5 Cross Border Health Care Location 1.6 Site Context of Belleek 1.7 Site Analysis of Belleek 1.8 Project Programme 1.9 Precedent Studies 1.9.1 Maggie Centre, Manchester 1.9.2 Khoo Teck Pual Hospital, Singapore 1.9.3 Research Through Design 2.0 Design Methodology 2.1 Proposed Master Plan 2.2 Pharmaceutical Dispensary Centre 2.2.1 Ground Floor Plan 2.2.2 First Floor Plan 2.2.3 Section AA’ & South Elevation 2.2.4 Section BB’ & West Elevation 2.3 Patient & Family Housing 2.3.1 Ground Floor Plan 2.3.2 Patient Housing Sections & Elevations 2.3.3 Family Housing Sections & Elevations 2.3.4 Sectional Perspective 2.4 Staff Housing 2.4.1 Option A Ground Floor Plan 2.4.2 Option B Ground Floor Plan 2.4.3 First Floor Plan 2.4.4 Section AA’ & North East Elevation 2.4.5 Section BB’ & South East Elevation 3.0 Structure Axometric 3.1 Details 3.1.1 Patient & Family Housing Details 3.1.2 Staff Housing Details 3.2 Construction Sequences 3.3 RIBA Plan of Work 3.4 Environmental Strategy 3.5 Building Regulations 3.5.1 Patient & Family Housing Building Regulations 3.5.2 Staff Housing Building Regulations 3.6 Building Perspectives 3.6.1 Over View 3.6.2 Pharmaceutical Dispensary Centre Perspectives 3.6.3 Patient Housing Building Perspectives 3.6.4 Family Housing Building Perspectives 3.6.5 Staff Housing Building Perspectives 3.7 Storyboard 4.0 Bibliography & Reflection

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-13 14 15 16-17 18

BRIEF & THEORECTICAL FRAMEWORK

Brief Atelier: Infrastructure Space The brief for this project asked that we design housing which explores typologies and tackles the emerging the issue of Brexit. The site we were assigned was Belleek, a market town situated in counties Fermanagh and Donegal, a location which straddles the border of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The town has a population of fewer than 1,000 people and is transacted by the River Erne. Due to its location, the area displays evidence if social, cultural and economic engagement across the border. The market town economy is supported foremost by Belleek Pottery, artwork that attracts collectors from as far away as China.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Definition of Dwelling

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Theorectical Framework

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37-38 39 40 41-42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Dwelling can be considered as a noun to be the physical shelter, or as a verb to be the animated act of being in the world. In our research, we explored several definitions of dwelling originating from the different relationships betweenDwelling the usercan andbe environmental meaning. this The Garden created by considered as a noun toInbe theway, physical shelter, City or asMovement a verb Howard was influencing us on the concept of ‘dwelling’.

Howard Intended to solve the related problems of to be the animated act of being in the world. In our research, we explored rural depopulation,several also bridged the gap benefits of the the country and the efficiency of a city where definitions of between dwelling the originating from different relationships people were able between to live in harmony withenvironmental urban development and In nature. the user and meaning. this way, The Garden City Movement created by Howard was influencing us on the concept of ‘dwellIn our opinion, there the nature tendency to encourage the problems interactionofofrural the house and the environment. ing’.is Howard Intended to solve the related depopulation, Opening up the building to the environment allows a gathering of a site, with its manifold meaning. also bridged the gap between the benefits of the country and the efficiency of a city where people were able to live in harmony with urban development and nature.

Interactive PDF ourappears opinion,across there is the nature tendency to encourage interaction of be activate When thisInicon the document, that particular page is the interative and can and the environment.

Opening up the building to the environment by’clicking’the onhouse the buttons below it. allows a gathering of a site, with its manifold meaning.

WHAT IS BREXIT? Brexit is short for “British exit” - and is the word people use to talk about the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the EU (European Union). A public vote - called a referendum - was held on Thursday 23 June 2016 when voters were asked just one question - whether the UK should leave or remain in the European Union. The Leave side won by nearly 52% to 48% - 17.4m votes to 16.1m - but the exit didn’t happen straight away. It’s due to take place on 29 March 2019.

WHAT ARE NOW THE FIVE BREXIT SCENARIOS ?

Options for the future EU-UK relationship

No Brexit The UK is currently in the customs union and the European Economic Area, with unfettered access to 500 million people. The pound would likely strengthen if Brexit was called off, but the hot electoral topic over EU immigration would remain an issue for many.

Soft Deal A bilateral deal with the EU would give the UK privileged access to the single market for goods but not services. The UK would again have to accept the EU’s free movement of people and contribute to the EU budget for specific schemes.

Theresa May’s Deal Includes a 21-month transition period where the UK abides by EU rules. The UK would be part of a customs union that ensured goods moved relatively freely between Britain and the EU. A backstop might kicks in to maintain an open border on the island of Ireland.

Hard Deal This would preserve tariff-free access for most goods (potentially not services) and the UK wouldn’t have to accept the free movement of people, but trade wouldn’t be frictionless, with companies having to comply with custom controls and rules-of-origin checks.

No Deal If no deal was struck, the UK would trade with the EU under WTO rules. Britain wouldn’t have to accept the free movement of people or contribute to the EU’s coffers.

However, there would be a hard border in Ireland and the UK would have to accept EU tariffs on goods exported to the single market.

Remain

Leave

1.1

PRECEDENT STUDIES Global border town examples SOFT BORDER

1.

Standstead/ Derby Line

2.

Baarle Hertog/ Baarle Nassau

Standstead/Derby Line is split in half by the Vermont/Quebec border. The two towns are so tightly integrated, that a library was built straddling the line between both countries. The border is marked by a strip of black tape that runs along the floor.

The borders often divide blocks, farms, houses, or businesses.

A child born to Dutch parents in a Belgian hospital gets to pick their citizenship at the age of 18. If your house or shop is bisected, your property taxes are determined by the nation into which your front door opens. It’s not unknown for flurries of renovation to occur when tax laws change.

HARD BORDER

1.

2.

San Diego/ Tijuana A new form of tourism has emerged as modern hospitals with bilingual staff and signage are built in Tijuana, as close to the border as possible. They serve Americans seeking cosmetic surgery and other elective procedures. Many specialise in gastric bypass surgery.

NATURAL BORDER

1.

Niagara Falls Visitors crossing the Canada U.S. border can take advantage of a wide variety of goods that are duty free in locations such as the Queenston-Lewiston Bridge, Rainbow Bridge in Niagara Falls and the Peace Bridge connecting Fort Erie Canada to Buffalo New York.

Kijong-Dong/ Daeseong-Dong North and South Korea are still technically at war; the two sides being kept apart by a two-mile-wide demilitarized zone. Two villages remain inside that zone, one on each side of the border. Banks of loudspeakers blare propaganda and patriotic marching music across the border and the town houses the world’s third tallest flagpole.

CONCLUSION In conlcusion, we found that as a general rule only one country or neither positively benefits from their locality to the border. Therefore we wanted to find a way where both ROI and NI could benefit from the border condition.

1.2

GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN IRELAND LOCATION OF THE GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN IRELAND

Why is Ireland is attracting so many pharmaceutical companies?

COOPERATION TAX Ireland has one of the worlds lowest cooperation tax at just 12.5%, making it a desierable place for business. This has encourgaed 1000 multinational companies to choose Ireland as thier European base.

PHARMACEUTICALS & MEDTECH Ireland is the largest MedTech employer in Europe, employing over 25, 000 people. As well as corporate tax relief, Ireland also offers a 25% tax credit on qualifying research and development making it a great incentive for pharmecutical organisations.

Top 10 Pharmaceutical Companies for cancer treatment There are 8 out of 10 companies in Ireland.

120 global pharmaceutical companies are based in Ireland where they predominantly manufacture

Conclusion Location Great geographical proximity to mainland European markets and to the Atlantic sea for exports to America.

Economics Headquarter locations of pharmaceutical companies based in Ireland

Ireland has low cooperation tax rates at just 12.5% and offers a 25% tax credit on qualifying research and development.

Pharmaeutical compaies are based in Ireland because of the great geographical proximity to mainland European markets and adjacency to the atlantic sea is beneficial for exports to America.

EMPLOYMENT The industry in Ireland benefits from high employment rates and well educated experts from which to learn. It also boasts a well-skilled, educated English speaking population; Being based in the EU gives people the abilty to hire workers from other EU memeber states also.

Culture Ireland has a well-skilled, educated English speaking population.

Employment Based in the EU gives people the ability to hire workers from other EU member states

1.3

GLOBAL INDUSTRY IN IRELAND BREXIT &PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH CARE

Concerns about the cross border health care

CURRENT ISSUE IN CROSS BORDER HEALTH CARE

Specialist medical sevices

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

Highly trained doctors

Largest net exporter of pharmaceuticals

Now

Ireland is the No. 1 European location for international pharmaceutical investment.

Patient care in NI and the ROI will be put at risk if the next government fails to maintain a ‘soft border’ following Brexit. The existing open border arrangements, alongside an expansion in the provision of all-island healthcare, provide a number of benefits for patients, including access to specialist medical services and highly trained clinicians. This access is at risk if border restrictions are introduced following the UK’s withdrawal from the EU.

EXAMPLES OF CROSS BORDER CO-OPERATION IN HEALTH CARE

STATISTICS OF THE EU HEALTHCARE FOR PATIENTS FROM THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND

The future

1.The all-island paediatric cardiology service based at Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Dublin, enables children from Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to receive life-changing heart surgery without having to undertake lengthy journeys or to travel to England to receive treatment.

2.The new radiotherapy unit at Altnagelvin Hospital in Northern Ireland provides access to radiotherapy services for more than 500,000 cancer patients on both sides of the border.

CONCLUSION

9 out of10 patients seeks treatment in NI, UK (2015-17) 48% patients from Ireland seek treatment in NI 39% patients from Ireland seek treatment in UK

As separate health services in NI and ROI often do not have sufficient demand to provide cost-effective, highly specialist medical services, such as the all-island children’s cardiac service, the only viable way to provide these services to patients is to deliver them across both countries. Over the last two decades, a significant growth in the provision of all-island healthcare has improved care for patients and allowed both NI and ROI to retain highly trained doctors, who otherwise may not have had the patient demand necessary to warrant their full-time expertise. ireland is now the largest net exporter of pharmaceuticals in the EU accounting for more than 50% of all exports from the country. What will happen to the cost of drugs if there are tariffs imposed on these goods?

1.4

GLOBAL INDUSTRY IN IRELAND HEALTHPHARMACEUTICAL CARE COMPARISION

Comparison between NHS & HSE (Northern Ireland & Republic of Ireland)

Northern Ireland (UK)

- Most services provided for free except dental and ophthalmic services.

- Emergency and immediately necessary treatment is provided free of cost to everybody regardless of nationality.

- Living in Northern Ireland - Living in Ireland and working in Northern Ireland - Living in Ireland and become ill on a temporary visit to Northern Ireland

- When you register with a GP practice you will have to fill in a form – HS22X

Republic of Ireland (EU)

- Entitlement to health services is normally based on residency and means. Any person regardless of nationality who is accepted by the HSE as being ‘ordinarily resident’ in Ireland is entitled to healthcare.

- Only the cost of visits to your family doctor is free; you must pay for prescribed drugs, medicines and other health services similar to others who don't have a Medical Card.

- The population is divided into two groups for the purposes of entitlement to health services –medical card holders and non-medical card holders.

1- STANDARD MEDICAL CARD ; 2- GP CARD; 3- GP CARD/ MEDICAL CARD FOR OVER 70.

Working & Living in Northern Ireland Working in No rthern Ireland & living in Republic of Ireland or temporary ill in Northern Ireland.

Spouse and children not entitled.

Working in Republic of Ireland & Living in Northern Ireland

Sligo University Hospital

(Travel distance: 48.1 km 47 mins)

Shiel Hospital

(Travel distance: 7.8 km 9mins)

Location of the Hospital across the border

South West Hospital

(Travel distance: 25.8 miles 39 mins)

South West Hospital

(Travel distance: 25.8 miles 39 mins)

Location of the Hospital based on cancer services across the border

List of the hospitals for cancer services: 1. Altnagelvin Hospital 2. Antrim Hospital 3. Craigavon Hospital 4. Belfast City Hospital 5. Ulster Hospital 6. Letterkenny University Hospital 7. Sligo University Hospital 8. Mayo University Hospital 9. Cavan General Hospital 10. Our lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda 11. University Hospital Galway 12. Portiuncula Hospital, Ballinasloe 13. Midlands Regional Hospital, Tullamore 14. Naas General Hospital 15. Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown 16. St. James’s Hospital 17. Beaumont Hospital 18. Tallaght Hospital 19. Mater Misericordiae Hospital 20. Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital Crumlin 21. St. Vincent’s University Hospital 22. St. Luke’s Hosputal, Dublin 23. Wexford General Hospital 24. Mercy University Hospital, Cork 25. Cork University Hospital 26. University Hospital Limerick 27. St. Luke’s General Hospital, kilkenny 28. South Tipperary General Hospital, Clonmel 29. University Hospital Waterford

Our research began with an investigation into the locations of existing hospitals and medical facilities both in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI).

Our study provides an overview of the impact a hard border, introduced via a hard Brexit scenario could have on patients.

Hospital provision in NI is relatively sparse, with a cluster of facilities clustered around the capital, Belfast. For residents of Belleek, NI, there is currently one hospital within County Fermanagh (NI), the South West Acute Hospital. In ROI, the distribution of medical facilities appears to be more evenly spread. Residents of the western edge of NI, along with those located along the NI side of the boarder, are currently likely to be located closer to medical facilities in the ROI. It is understood that this causes little issue at present. We found that approximately 200 ambulances crossed the border last year to attend medical emergencies. However, this raises the question of to where would these residents then receive medical care, should a hard boarder be introduced, a point that could have fatal consequences especially for those residents living in NI border towns, such as Belleek.

BELLEEK, NORTHERN IRELAND Belleek, a market town situated in counties Fermanagh and Donegal, a location which straddles the border of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The town has a population of fewer than 1,000 people and is transacted by the River Erne. Due to its location, the area displays evidence if social, cultural and economic engagement across the border. The market town economy is supported foremost by Belleek Pottery, artwork that attracts collectors from as far away as China.

Site in wider context River Erne

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE in BELLEEK

Shee Alms House Two storey town house built on stone and timber structure.

Site location

Cottage houses Thactched cabins located on outskirts of many Irish towns. Most of the roof thatch has been replaced by slate or the building raised to two storeys.

House in Goleen A house of three limestone clad mono pitch blocks running parallel to a traditional form, minimally detailed white painted rendered house. The house sits on a solid flat limestone plinth of paving and water pools above the undulating line of the soft landscape.

Small estate houses Terraced houses of two storeys which were built along the major streets of towns. Normally interspersed with shops and others buildings.

C house by Dot Architecture and Soc- Arc. Detached house located in Ireland.This dark grey house in Kildare was built on the remains of a 1980s home that had been ruined by flash floods. It is made up of three connected blocks, with sloping roofs designed around large chimneys that bring in natural light and ventilation.

Brick fronted two storey house It is often with windows and patterned brick work, typical of industrial and artisan houses.

Modern Bungalow Mixture of materials, large horizontal windows. tiled roof, attached garage; based on traditional shape, has evolved into a multitude of designs.

Semi- Detached house Concrete walls, plastered and tiled roof.

Forerunner of the modern bungalow Double fronted bay window; concrete walls, plastered; tiled or slated roof.

Terrace houses Early 19th century industrial houses with projecting bay windows

Housing from the early 1900s It is erected by the local council with a combination of brich and stone details with interesting roof-lines and porches.

1.7

SITE ANALYISS

WIDER SITE ANALYS Belleek

SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Abundancy of greenspace Proximity to River Erne Extend and unobstructed landscape views Short distance to town centre location

Threats Hard brexit scenario Local business put at risk Transport links potentially disrupted Access to Healthcare facilities limited to country of origin Location of potential wall dividing countries

Weakness and Opportunities Location of the border Singular bridge connection both sides of the border To restablish a new border Take advantage of healthcare regulations of both sides of the border

Facilities

Legend Existing border Road Green space

Facilities Bus Stop

1.8

GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN IRELAND PROJECT PROGRAMME

‘Caner is cancer in all countries’

UNIFICATION OF HEALTH CARE

‘CANCER IS CANCER IN ALL COUNTRIES ’ Network of pharmaceuticals companies

Highly trained doctors

Highly trained doctors

Health care survices exchange for each other

THREE HOUSING TYPOLOGY

PROGRAMME We also found that on the island of Ireland, on both sides of the border, there are a growing number of people diagnosed with cancer each year as a result of an increasing and ageing population. We are therefore proposing a Duty Free Pharmaceutical Dispensing Maggie Centre, with associated housing, that will be located alongside a new district hospital. This will provide cancer treatment and expertise from both sides of the border, with the aim to tackle cancer head on.

Further research showed that there are a large number of pharmaceutical companies based in Ireland. These companies are predominately situated within the ROI, where they enjoy the benefits of an English speaking population, a well-educated workforce and favorable cooperation tax.

A Hard Brexit scenario will result in the ROI, which will remain within the European Union (EU), having differing regulations on pharmaceutical drugs and healthcare practices to those in NI which will remain part of the UK. Our site in Belleek straddles the border between ROI and NI and therefore is situated in a prime location for a facility to provide tax free medication from both sides of the border to referred patients.

1.9

Precedent Studies

1.9.1 Maggie Centre,Manchester

Maggie's centre, Manchester Norman Foster

Open time: April, 2016 Duration: 3 years Area: 730 m2

During the interview with the staff on 20 th February, we found out that Maggie’s centre is a place where people are provided emotional and social support in a domestic environment. In this facility there is a team of 10 staff, including cancer support specialists, benefit advisor, working appointment support specialist and clinical psychologist.

Functions identified during the site visit are divided into public and private space Exercise room

Group room

Storage

Kitchen

W.C. Quiet room

Consult

Complementary therapy

Conservatory

Plant room

Workshop

Private Public

Somewhere patient can have leisure

Somewhere patient can sit & be quiet Somewhere access to professional with knowledge about cancer & treatment

Somewhere access to professional with knowledge about cancer & treatment Somewhere patient and family to go & support each other

Somewhere near hospital but seperate thing Somewhere more for people affected by cancer

Journey through Maggie’s centre

Journey through Hospital

1.9

Precedent Studies

1.9.1 Maggie Centre,Manchester

Why Maggie's programme of support works?

Information about cancer

Managing stress

Every year, over 300,000 people are suffering from cancer in the UK, facing exhausting treatment and difficult emotions alone. These challenges affect not only those patients, but their family and friends as well. Therefore, Maggie Centres are there for anyone which provide free practical, emotional and social support to people with cancer and their family and friends. They are built next to the NHS cancer hospitals with professional clinicians and staff on hand to offer the support people need. Maggie Centres are places to find or consult practical advice about cancer; places where qualified experts provide emotional support; places to talk and meet other people.

Cancer workshop

Exercise

Key design characteristics

Physical Support

Social dining Expressive art The building occupies a sunny site and is arranged over a single storey, keeping its profile low and reflecting the residential scale of the surrounding streets. It combines a variety of spaces from intimate private niches to exercise rooms and places for gathering.

Emotional Support

Social Support

Gardening

Creating writing

The heart of the building is the kitchen which is centred on a large,communal table for people to talk. The materials palette combines warm, natural wood and tacile fabrics.

Conclusion

The building focus on natural light, greenery and garden view, a space for people to gather, to work with their hands and enjoy the therapeutic qualities of nature and the outdoors

The aim of all Maggie’s centres is to create a place where people affected by cancer can find emotional and practical support with their family and friends. The warm wooden material improves the wellbeing of patients. What is taken from Maggie’s centres, is a service rich in support within an architecturally impressive centre, resulting in an overriding feeling of positivity and acceptance of cancer. As patient David Whaley, Managing Editor at Oldham Evening Chronicle describes, “cancer does not define you. And you are not alone.”

1.9

Precedent Studies

1.9.2 Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore

Biophilic Design Study after study shows improved concentration from school children, more productive and healthy employees, and faster recoveries from patients when people play, work or recover in buildings that incorporate the natural world into their design.

Conclusion

Khoo Teck Puat Hospital , “is Designed to be a ‘forest-like’ huge green court , it includes water features with aquatic species and plants that attract birds and butterflies.The greenery cascades to upper levels and down into an open-to-sky basement, creating the ambiance of architecture that is deeply enmeshed in to a garden,and at the upper levels, balconies with scented plants”(CPG Coporate Group)

The hospital is built in a V-shaped in order to allow breezes to first skim over the stormwater pond.The goal was that patients could access natural light, cooling breezes, and views without risk of solar glare or rain entry.

It is very difficult to compare any healthcare facility to a Maggie Centre as they provide patients with a domestic environment instead of a clinical one. However, there are also many positives to be taken from this precedent, the main one being that the building is situated in a location with access to green and blue environments. Also, the hospital’s lay out is effective as it means that every patient has a view of some form of nature and that visitors from nearby housing estates use the hospitals public spaces alongside patients.

Advantages

Up to 6% lower pulse rate and 15.8% lower stress hormones when walking through a forest enviroment rather versus an urban one

8.5% of patients with a view of nature will experince shorter stays in hospitals Impatient Wards

Central Garden Waterfront Promenade

22% of patients exposed to greater dosages of sunlight percieve less pain and take less pain medication

Entrance & Drop-off

Specalist Clinics

22% of patients exposed to greater dosages of sunlight percieve less pain and take less pain medication

1.9

Precedent Studies

1.9.3 Research through design Cancer Research Centre, Manchester The Manchester Cancer Research Centre (MCRC) building is part of a strategic expansion in cancer research in Manchester that is supported by three partner organisations: The University of Manchester, Cancer Research UK, and The Christie. The aim of the project was to establish Manchester as an internationally recognised, comprehensive cancer centre as well as one of the world’s leading cancer research facilities by 2015.

The new iconic MCRC building facilitates this expansion by housing an additional 150 scientists in state-of-the-art laboratories. A key driver for the project was to encourage integration and interaction between the various users of the MCRC/ CTU building, which assists in the stimulation of new ideas and approaches.The form of the building was heavily influenced by the desire to achieve where possible natural ventilation and daylight.

The building is entirely on early cancer research that does not involve patients or patient treatment. The MCRC’s Research Strategy Group has identified a number of key themes, where the MCRC will focus its energies to have maximum impact: •Fundamental (or basic) cancer research; •early phase clinical trials and biomarker research; •radiation-related research; •drug discovery; and •tumour-specific areas -breast and lung cancer.

Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek, Denmark Jargen Bo and Wilhelm Wohert

Schots 1 & 2, CiBoGa Terrain Mixing homes with other uses

Two city blocks (Schots 1 &2) combine a landscape of gardens, courtyards and hosuing with extensive commercial used. Through a close diialogue with the municipality, the architects negotiated the balance of work and living units, the commercial facilities activate both urban blocks at street level.

A A’

1.

2.

Residential

Retail Schots 1

Schots 2

1. The hard landscape continues beneath the glazed form of Schots 1

Section AA’

2. View of shifting ground plane flowing beneath the timber-clad form of Schots 2

Linked hybrid, Beijing, China Steven Holl Architects

Sky bridge Public Access

Roof Garden Public Access

Lantern Galleries

Isolated residential high-rise towers among low-rise public buildings

Residential apartments with intergrated services - social condenser

Ground Level Commercial Access

As a hybrid building type, the project includes numerous private and public functions, and the design allows for these various programmes to coexist.

Lake Gallery Cafe

Upside-down social condenser Linked Hybrid - extended with public amenities such as public loop penetrating residential blocks roof gardens

Corridor

Entry

The decision to organise the towers in a loop had practical benefit, but it was also developed out of desire to represent the closely tied nature of the community.

Public access rooftop gardens (specifically the cinemas one) allow for various forms of community activities take place.

Development Sketches

Master Plan Sketches

1

2

3

4

Housing Development Skeches

1

2

3

4

1

2

Infrastructure Development Sketches

2.0 Massing Development in Master Plan

Infrasrtructure Design Proposol

47

West

East

4m

in

39 min

Sligo University Hospital (R.I)

Bellek City Centre

n mi

Island

South West University(NI)

Existing Infrastructure

Bellek City Centre pod pod

Island

Legend:

Housing Typology Patient Family Staff Infrastructure Pharmaceutical Dispensary Centre Accessibility Main Road Border

Pharmaceutical Dispensary Centre

Road/Travelling distance by existing public transport

pod

pod pod

Proposed bridges Proposed Infrastructure

Proposed infrastructure to create a direct link to the Island for the seek in health care services.

2.1

PROPOSED MASTER PLAN

Scale 1:1000

2.2

PHARMACEUTICAL DISPENSARY CENTRE

2.2.1 Ground Floor Plan (Scale 1:200)

B

A

A’

B’

Ground Floor Plan

2.2

PHARMACEUTICAL DISPENSARY CENTRE

2.2.2 First Floor Plan (Scale 1:200)

B

A

A’

B’

First Floor Plan

2.2

PHARMACEUTICAL DISPENSARY CENTRE

2.2.3 Section AA’ & South Elevation (Scale 1:150)

South Elevation

Section AA’

2.2

PHARMACEUTICAL DISPENSARY CENTRE

2.2.4 Section BB’ & West Elevation (Scale 1:150)

West Elevation

Section BB’

2.3

PATIENT & FAMILY HOUSING

2.3.1 Ground Floor Plan (Scale 1:100)

B’

A’

B

D’

A

C’

D’

C

Ground Floor Plan

2.3

PATIENT HOUSING

2.3.2 Sections & Elevations (Scale 1:100)

North West Elevation

Section BB’

North East Elevation

Section AA’

2.3

FAMILY HOUSING

2.3.3 Sections & Elevations (Scale 1:100)

North East Elevation

Section CC’

South West Elevation

Section DD’

2.3

PATIENT & FAMILY HOUSING

2.3.4 Sectional Perspective (Scale 1:100)

2.4

STAFF HOUSING

2.4.1 Option A Ground Floor Plan (Scale 1:100)

B’

A

B

A’

Option A Ground Floor Plan

2.4

STAFF HOUSING

2.4.2 Option B Ground Floor Plan (Scale 1:100)

B’

A

B

A’

Option B Ground Floor Plan

2.4

STAFF HOUSING

2.4.3 Option A & B First Floor Plan (Scale 1:100)

B’

A

B

A’

Option A & B First Floor Plan

2.4

STAFF HOUSING

2.4.4 Section AA’ & North East Elevation (Scale 1:100)

North East Elevation

Section AA’

2.4

STAFF HOUSING

2.4.5 Section BB’ & South East Elevation (Scale 1:100)

South East Elevation

Section AA’

3.0

STRUCTURE AXOMETRIC

Roof flight Metal Chimney

DPC Plasterboard

Steel Frame

Insulation

DPM Pile

Timber Batten

Irish Timber Cladding Engineered Structural hardwood

Plasterboard DPC Insulation DPM

Water heating pipe & Tray Rigid Insulation

Timber Batten

Pre-cast Structural Concrete Slab

Irish Slate Veneer

Patient & Family Housing Axometric

Staff Housing Axometric

3.1

DETAILS

3.1.1 Patient & Family Housing Detail(Scale 1:10)

3.

2.

1.

Please click on the number for interactice.

3.1

DETAILS

3.1.2 Staff Housing Detail(Scale 1:10)

3.

4.

2.

1.

Please click on the number for interactice.

3.2

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES

Stage 0

Stage 7

Stage 1

Stage 8

Stage 2

Stage 9

Stage 3

Stage 10

STAGE 0 - Site Survey - Brief preparation STAGE 1 - Whole site preparation including fencing put in place to restrict the site from public.

- Demolition works carried out where necessary - All unnecessary vegetation removed - Site completely cleared STAGE 2 - Construction of all concrete foundations including piles for patient housing - Sheet pile driver on a barge to be used for piles in water STAGE 3 - Offsite manufactured patient housing transported to site, positioned and fixed onto concrete base with a crane STAGE 4 - Construction of all concrete foundations including piles for family housing - Sheet pile driver used for piles

Stage 4

Stage 5

Stage 11

Stage 12

Stage 6

STAGE 5/6 - Offsite manufactured family housing transported to site, positioned and fixed to concrete base with crane STAGE 7 - Road and pathway construction - Bridge Construction STAGE 8 - Construction of all concrete foundations for staff housing STAGE 9 - Building assembly of staff housing STAGE 10 - Construction of all concrete foundations of Maggie Centre STAGE 11 - Maggie Centre building construction STAGE 12 - Landscaping works - Internal finishes work

3.3 Stage

RIBA Plan of Work

3.4

ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY

N Location: BT93 3EZ Belleek, United Kingdom Time: 05.May.2019, 13:21 UTC+1

W

Solar data for the Location

Geo data for the Location

Dawn: 05:03:38 Sunrise: 05:46:16 Sun peak level: 13:29:06 Sunset: 21:13:10 Dusk: 21:56:07 Altitude: 51.76° Shadow length: 0.79

Height: 44m Latitude: N 54°28'32.63'' 54.47573° Longitude: W 8°5'36.36'' -8.09344° Timezone: Europe/Dublin IST Duration: 15h26m54s Azimut: 176.86°

E

The family housing will get direct daylight ingress between 2-3pm and indirect at all other times.

Month: May/June Time: 2-3 pm Sun Azimuth: 168° 41 Sun Altitude: 32° 34

3.4

ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY

Solar Panels located on the South-East of housing roof.

Midday Sunset-West

Highly insulated envelope

Heat Loss

Sunrise- East

Natural Ventilation Underfloorheating system Heat pump used to provide hot water and underfloor heating.

water source from river

Groundfloor heat pumps extract heat from the ground.

Staff housing

Rainwater is collected from the roof, stored below ground and used to flush toilets.

Family housing

3.5

BUILDING REGULATIONS

3.5.1 Patient & Family Housing Manoeuvring space 200x1200mm

Legend: Smoke Alarm Heat Alarm

PATIENT ROOM (CAT 2 - ACCESSIBLE AND ADAPTABLE DWELLINGS)

Access into habitable rooms in the entry storey, door and hall widths all comply with Diagram 2.3 and Table 2.1 in Part M Vol.1.

Principle bedroom complies with diagram 2.4 where there is clear access of 750mm around the bed with bedside furniture in allocated zones.

Every dwelling has a bathroom that contains a WC, a basin and a bath that is located on the same floor as the principle bedroom and complies with diagram 2.7.

FAMILY ROOM (CAT 2 - ACCESSIBLE AND ADAPTABLE DWELLINGS)

The principle private entrance to the dwelling has a clear opening width greater than 775mm and all thresholds throughout will be accessible and all widths are compliant.

As a group we decided that even though the island would become technically unregulated in all aspects, we still thought it appropriate to follow regulations and as the location of the housing would be located in the Northern Ireland side of the border, we decided to meet UK regulations as a result.

3.5

BUILDING REGULATIONS 3.5.2 Staff Housing

STUDIO FLAT (CAT 2 - ACCESSIBLE AND ADAPTABLE DWELLINGS)

Legend: Smoke Alarm Heat Alarm

Principle bedroom complies with diagram 2.4 where there is clear access of 750mm around the bed with bedside furniture in allocated zones.

Access into habitable rooms in the entry storey, door and hall widths all comply with Diagram 2.3 and Table 1.2 in Part M Vol.1.

Every dwelling has a bathroom that contains a WC, a basin and a bath that is located on the same floor as the principle bedroom and complies with diagram 2.7.

NOTE: ALL ACCESSIBLE STUDIO FLATS WILL BE LOCATED ON THE GROUD FLOOR ONLY.

Singular staircase located in the centre of flats to comply with Part B Diagram 8

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES 3.6.1 Over view

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES 3.6.1 Over view

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES

3.6.2 Pharmacutical Dispensary Centre

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES 3.6.3 Patient Housing

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES 3.6.4 Family Housing

3.6

BUILDING PERSPECTIVES 3.6.5 Staff Housing

3.7

STORYBOARD

4.0

BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFLECTION

Bibliogrphy Website Dezeen, 2016. Red pyramidal rooms from Henning Stummel-s London Home. [Online] Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2016/11/19/henning-stummel-tin-house-shepherds-bush-london-redweathering-steel-pyramidal-rooms/ [Accessed 06th March 2019] Ruralise, 2012. Centerparcs-elveden. [ Online] Available at:http://www.ruralise.co.uk/forest-village-4-the-reality/centerparcs-elveden/?fbclid=IwAR2LEjahevTt1735AmcvTP3jNPa6xMCVTG0KMH56phInd8639WoMVhEIg [Accessed 12th January 2019]

Books Nickl-Weller,C.and Nickl,H.(2013). Healing Architecture. 1st ed. Braun. London Sarkis, H., Allard, P. and Hyde, T. (2001). Le Corbusier’s Venice Hospital and the mat building revival.1st ed.

Harvard University Graduate School of Design.

Hugues,T., Steiger and Weber,J.(2004). Timber construction: details, products, case studies. 1ST ed. Published Basel: Birkhäuser. London Schulze-Fielitz,E (2010). Metalanguage of Space. 1st ed. Springer-Verlag Vienna. Vienna.pp-41-277

Limelight,2019. The limelight journey so far. [Online] Available at: https://www.limelightoldtrafford.co.uk/about-limelight/our-background/?fbclid=IwAR0LCmIjAlI5OvGweELi2Q6lGWUGozDEpdOHxrJFTtBxcXNISI5tE7PC88A [Accessed 29th April 2019] Archdaily, 2019. 60 Best Residential Axonometric. [Online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/912575/50-best-residential-axonometric-drawings?fbclid=IwAR3r0UUoSOC0uHNrNI5QhBbWdrYfuFy795P_djX_9DJjIXD9zANEwAv1Bho Nidirect, 2019. Prescriptions [0nline].

Available at: https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/prescriptions?fbclid=IwAR0EFdX0eOydcl1tIkruyHP6LXGcrvwsMXJs_nqARipKPNG8En2QNxF0r7M [Accessed 4th March 2019] Mcknight, J.(2019). WOJR visualises sculptural House of Horns for Northern California [Online].

Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2018/03/19/wojr-envisions-highly-sculptural-house-of-horns-northern-california-renderings/?li_source=LI&li_medium=rhs_block_2&fbclid=IwAR11T72ICvx8L_n9vB34elp4NOMdENn7JiULuEPVDZET37AEGIMRIafIyog [Accessed 1st March 2019] Aliceclancy, 2019. House, Bogwest [ Online].

Available at: https://www.aliceclancy.com/House-Bogwest?fbclid=IwAR3A_kZGabemzbcrqdgBgdUXKzwQhe1Th84chAgxOduEETXcEyzuVbcOYUQ [Accessed 1st March 2019] Sah,2019. Inpatient Services [Online].

Available at: https://www.sah.org.uk/how-we-help/our-services/inpatient-services/?fbclid=IwAR3A_kZGabemzbcrqdgBgdUXKzwQhe1Th84chAgxOduEETXcEyzuVbcOYUQ [Accessed 27th February 2019] Frearson, M.(2016). Haptic designs elderly housing for Norway to encourage residents to socialise.[Online] Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2016/11/17/haptic-designs-elderly-housing-clt-drobak-norway/?fbclid=IwAR1nu_C_5zp5FCFuXFH266nlBNe5Gpwws3fs7wy8gM4Y3BTzHqH8CvaL4is [Accessed 23rd February 2019] BMA, 2017. Patient care in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland will be put at risk if the next government fails to maintain a ‘soft border’ following Brexit, warns BMA.[ Online] Available at: https://www.bma.org.uk/news/media-centre/press-releases/2017/june/patient-care-in-northern-ireland-and-the-republic-of-ireland-at-risk-following-brexit-warns-bma?fbclid=IwAR2ssvJOD7JlbxROcmJHad0hsLvo4-5936HxEzWY6UzZqPPX3VYhRxa0QzM [Accessed 25th January 2019]

Reflection We all felt it would be appropriate to join a group for this project, to help keep us motivated and to learn new skills from one another; a scenario which replicates an Architecture office style environment. Our group, made up of three very different personalities who, before this project, didn’t really know each other, had inevitable disagreements at various stages of the process. We were, however, professional throughout, all listening to each other’s ideas and often coming to a suitable compromise. Setting aside our personalities, each team member, each with their own strength in terms of practical and theoretical work, ultimately led to what we consider to be a strong final group output. Following on from our joint experience with PS1, we quickly established that time management would be crucial to group success. This considered from both an individual point of view, balancing this modules requirements with other modules, but also from a group point of view, dividing tasks to be completed evenly among the group members.