Colly Greenlab-Infrastructure Space by Nadia Pinto

C O L LY GREEN L A B

MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE PS1- INFRASTRUCTURE SPACE NADIA PINTO 18058071

TABLE OF CONTENTS

III. Design

I. Introduction + Analysis

1. Colly GreenLab 2. Telephone Exchange: Collyhurst 3. Site Evaluation. 4. Energy Consumption in Food Production. 5. From Copper to Fertilizer 6.Distribution Map

1 2-3 4-6

12. Colly GreenLab: Elevations 1:200

17-18

13. Colly GreenLab: Plans 1:200.

19-21

9. Site+ building strategy 10. Spatial distribution.

22-23

7-8 9

The Project consists on the reuse of a redundant neon-Georgian Telephone exchange building located in Collyhurst. The brief initiates with the analyse and synthesis of four texts focused on the ‘‘ obsolescence and Specifically Generic Architecture” themes. These analyses contribute to a further understanding of the atelier theme and develop a theoretical platform from which to investigate and analyse the site. The overall project focus on the value of heritage, reuse of spaces and community in relation to the wider environmental and socio-economic conditions on site.

11 12 13-14 15

Buildings should be open use systems with a program that is more specifically generic and adaptable. Architecture should accommodate current and next use as well as ecological with generic programs with multiple uses and function.

IV. Construction

15. Detail Section

16. Structural and Material strategy.

17. Environmental Strategies.

18. Construction Sequence

8. Massing experiment.

Project Brief

11.Masterplan

14. Colly GreenLab: Sections 2:100.

Colly GreenLab

Theoretical Framework- Specifically Generic Architecture

II. Development

7.Colly Greenlab-initial design development

19. RIBA Plan of Work 20. Regulatory Compliance

Project Introduction Colly Go GreenLab is a flexible and adaptable generic laboratory that provides the basis for exceptional scientific research and teaching environments based on the production of fertilizers and plant growth by creating a sustainable and dynamic change within the community of Collyhurst. The main purpose of this generic space , is to encourage urban farms to reduce the amount of energy consumed in food production . Colly GreenLab will provide the key element to enable plants and food growing healthier in local urban farms. As well as fostering interaction, team based research and facilitating linkages within the community, and the autonomous Urban Farms in Greater Manchester.

27-28 29

The laboratory is mainly based on the extraction of copper through the copper wire of The Telephone Exchange and conversion into fertilizer through Copper Sulphate. Copper plays an essential role in chlorophyll production and adequate levels are critical for optimum plant production. It has many agriculture uses, such as:

30-31

21. 3D Visualisation

32-33

22. Bibliography

text summuery.... Specifically generic Architecture from Convergence.

- Control of fungus diseases; - Correction of copper deficiency in soils; - Stimulation of growth for fattening pigs and broiler chickens; 1

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE: COLLYHURST FROM TELEPHONE EXCHANGE TO FIBRE OPTIC BA

SITE LOCATION HA

In the old telephone exchange systems connections would be made by a human operator who would be required to manually connect wires using a switchboard. Modern telephone exchange systems have removed the requirement for this manual connection with an electronic component. One of the basic functions of a telephone exchange is its use in the public switched telephone network ( Expert market,2018).

I T RD EE FE TR S

MP 1.0 DW

EDINBURGH

The Telephone exchange building was built in 1949 with a total footprint of 15,000 square feet. The building comprises three floors.

Phase I

Dow

R HO

T EE

The Telephone exchange building houses large equipments used to facilitate communication through 12000 copper lines. However due to the advancement of technology the building will become obsolete very soon.

BELFAST LEEDS

THERE ARE NEARLY 5600 TELEPHONE EXCHANGE IN THE UK.

NEWCASTLE

Phase II- building extension

GLASGOW

MANCHESTER LIVERPOOL

SHEFFIELD

NOTTINGHAM

Basement '()*+*$,-./($ BIRMINGHAM

!"#$%&+.)$*+,(-.$/"0

CAMBRIDGE

CARDIFF LONDON

Front Elevation to Collyhurst Street

BRISTOL FIBRE BASED- FIBRE OPTIC AND HYBRID FIBER SOLUTIONS

SUPER FAST 24Mbps

ULTRAFAST 100Mpbs

BRIGHTON

!"#$

LOCATION: Collyhurst, Ryder Street. Collyhurst is one of the most densely populated areas in Manchester being 1.5 miles northeast to the city centre, the River Irk passes through the area.

!"#$%&'()$*+,(-.$/"0

01"2$3-4/""1-./($ Ground floor plan

First floor plan

451),-4/""1-./($

Elevation to Thornton Street

Second floor plan

6*7"$3-4/""1-./($

POPULATION DENSITY

AFFORDABILITY 2000

MANCHESTER

SITE EVALUATION

MANCHESTER

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PLAN GATEWAY SQUARES

NEIGHBOURHOOD SQUARES

GENERIC SITE AUDIT + EVALUATION: -23.1% of the population in Collyhurst has no qualification , whistle 28.9 % of population has Level 4. -Most of the people in the area donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have ownership of their houses either rented or council houses; -Collyhurst benefits and unemployment statistics is higher than the average more 25% of claim on benefits;

RETAIL AND SERVICES HUBS

LOCATION OF LANDMARK BUILDINGS

- People may be under employed or on a low salary; - A Metrolink could be built in Collyhurst as part of plans to expand the city centre northwards; - Metrolinkâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Bury and Rochdale already pass the site ;

CONCLUSION

/ /

People Km/2

Overall Population of Collyhurst 7,290

COLLYHURST

GBP / ÂŁ

10,000+ 5,000+

<75K KEY

150K

MANCHESTER

175K

250K

>350K

OCCUPATION

200K

2,500+

100K

SOCIAL

NT STUDE NT STUDE F D L YE SE LO LF ED PE OY S EM PL M E

COLLYHURST B

EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT

OCCUPATION

A A.HIGHER MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL B B.LOWER MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL C C.INTERMEDIATE D D.SMALL EMPLOYERS AND OWN ACCOUNT

E E.LOWER SUPERVISORY AND TECHNICAL F F.SEMI ROUTINE

J J.NOT CLASSIFIED (STUDENT/OTHER)

A Â?Â&#x201A; Â

H H.LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYED I I.NEVER WORKED

Â Â? Â? Â? Â?Â?Â Â Â Â Â&#x20AC; Â? Â?Â Â&#x20AC;Â&#x201A; Â? Â? Â&#x192;Â&#x20AC; Â? Â&#x20AC; Â? Â&#x201E; Â Â&#x192; Â? Â?Â&#x192;Â&#x20AC; Â&#x2026; Â&#x20AC;Â&#x201A;/ Â?Â&#x20AC; Â?Â?Â&#x192;Â&#x20AC; Â? Â?Â?Â? Â&#x2020;Â&#x201A; Â&#x201E;Â?Â? Â?ÂÂ&#x20AC;Â?Â?Â? Â? Â&#x20AC; Â&#x2021; Â?Â?Â&#x20AC; Â? Â?Â?Â? Â&#x2021; Â? Â?Â Â?Â?Â&#x192; ÂÂ&#x2021;Â?Â&#x192; Â?Â?Â? Â? Â?Â?ÂÂ&#x20AC;Â?Â&#x201E;Â&#x192;Â&#x20AC;Â&#x201E;Â? Â&#x2C6;

Anti-social behaviour Public Order

MANCHESTER

MANCHESTER MANCHESTER

G G.ROUTINE Â

Violent Crime

COLLYHURST

UNEM PL UNEM PLOYOYED ED

COLLYHURST

HIGHER MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL

Type of Crime

Criminal Damage Vechile Crime Other Theft Burglary Drugs Robbery Other Crime

Collyhurst, located northeast of the city centre is one of the most densely populated area of Manchester. Collyhurst presents a higher range of deprivation due to increasing unemployability. This has resultated on the increase of crime which majority is rated as high violent crime. However, Manchester Core Strategy aims to tackle these emerging social issues by implementing planning policies for the future development of ManchesThe following analysis ter. One of the objective of this strategy is to improve the employability of the area through the introduction of new neighbourhoods along the River Irk. The Northern Gateway Regenaration Framework beside introducing mix-use infrastructure has also a plan to improve Collyhurst transport interchange. The overall outcome of this intervention will have a massive impact in the diversiďŹ cation and economy growth of Collyhurst. â&#x20AC;?This will deliver a template of how city living can be transformed to improve lifestyles and a collective sense of place.â&#x20AC;?

# PROPOSAL GRAPH

URVEY PUBLIC OPINION

People from 30 to 80 years old

ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FOOD PRODUCTION

3.3 M

people employed by the food production industry in the Uk

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50%

Global Overview

18% of total Uk Energy Use is generated by the Food Chain 176 Mt CO2 Mt emission and 15Mt of food waste

40% 30% 20% 10%

80%

SP AC

FA C

70%

CA TH Al HE

90%

T.E BUILDING USE

PA R

S IT IL FA C NG NI AR LE

TA I

S OP

E NC DE SI RE

2030

By the growth in global population and the impacts of climate change will increase

60%

# COMMUNITY RECENT ACTIVITIES

50%

# WHAT GO-COLLY- HUB WILL BRING???

of Uk’s food and feed is imported from EU, which results on an increase in carbon foot print.

WHAT DOES THE COMMUNITY WANT ???

1714 miles

907 miles

5523 miles

Green

17%

Lab MORE SHOPS

MORE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

WORKSHOP/RECYCLE COPPER

MORE LEARNING FACILITIES

the amount of energy necessary to

cultivate, process, pack and bring the food to

MORE PARK AND GREEN SPACES MORE HEALTHCARE FACILITIES

Food miles

European citizens.

CONVERSION OF COPPER WIRE INTO FERTILISER

ENERGY PRODUCTION

X P E R ESEARCH I M E N T

FOOD PRODUCTION

R E A T E

10%

WATER DEMAND

HISTORY OF TELEPHONE EXCHANGE - Telephone exchange evolution - Fibre Optic

30%

C OLLABORATE W ORK L EARN HE LP COMMUNIT Y T E

40%

20%

P A R T I C I P

50%

Food miles refer to the distance food has travelled to get from where it was produced to where it is sold. Some people are concerned about the environmental impact of transporting goods over great distances. Many of the foods we eat are grown in other countries where the climate is diﬀerent. Some of the food harvested in the UK is sent abroad to be processed. This adds miles to the journey of an item of food and therefore means more transport costs and more pollution (BBC,2018).

Food Group as % of waste Drink 34% Fresh fruit 34% Fresh vegetables and salads 15% Meat and fish 13% Dairy and eggs 4% Other 0.2%

“ The food and drink processing industry is the fourth highest industrial energy user in the UK. In 2010, it consumed nearly 37TWh (enough energy to power 125,000 homes for nearly 15 years) and emitted around 11 million tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Energy consumption in the sector could be considerably reduced by implementing simple and effective energy efficiency measures, reducing carbon emissions and cutting the costs for businesses”( Carbon Trust,2019).

Total UK Household Food & Drink Waste

Non- waste material 4.2 Mt

CONCLUSION

Manifacturing waste

7.0 Mt

FOOD PRODUCTION CHAIN

Greater Manchester

CR O

1.2 Mt

AN IM AL R NG RI EA

ION VAT LTI U C

Retail wholesale

T OR

IND

How will Colly GreenLab contribute?

RETAIL

TRANSPO RT

USTRIAL

TRANSPORT

112 tonnes Co2

TRAN SP

IN AGRICULTURE

SOLID

RESOURCES

30% of area in Greater Manchester belongs to farm.

GASSES

CONSUMPTION

WASTE

SOLUTION

Urban Farming Non Agricultural Run-oﬀ

Year round production

SUPPLY FRESH FOOD FOR INNER CITY DWELLERS

The food chain comprises agricultural production, manufacturing, distribution, retail and consumption. In the UK it involves approximately 300,000 enterprises and employs 3.3 million people.. The food chain is also responsible for 18% of total UK energy use equivalent to 176 Mt CO2 emission and 15 Mt of food waste. It is predicted by 2030 the growth in global population and the impact of climate change will increase food production need by 50% (Sustainable System, 2014).

PROCESS OF CONVERSION 1st phase

COPPER FILAMENTS

FERTILIZER 3rd phase

2nd phase

Copper Sulfate or Chelated Copper

Process 2-5

For this occasion, the project investigates the possibility of reducing greenhouse emission in the food production from the agricultural stage by encouraging local urban farms to grow food in a more traditional way. By this mean, the practice of urban farming will reduce the negative impact that food chain has in the environment.

Process 5

kills fungus, bacterias and other diseases control.

Extraction of copper filament

Testing composite to a plan.

Distribution to local Urban farms in Greater Manchester. .

The production of sulfate of copper from the copper filaments of the old T.E will be extracted to produce fertilizer. Copper plays an essential role in chlorophyll production and adequate levels are critical for optimum plant production. This key element is also critical for improving crop resilience and promoting seed production. Deficiency symptoms vary between crops but can include leaf yellowing, leaf tip die back and leaf distortion.

LIQUID

FOOD PRODUCTION

FROM COPPER TO FERTILIZER Process 1

4.9 Mt

Packaging waste 1.2 Mt

CULTURE AGRI

70% less water No agrochemicals No Fossil Fuels

Copper in the plant

The fertilizer will be produced in Lab by students, community and scientists who aim to contribute to a more sustainable way of producing food in Manchester. The final product will be distributed to local urban farms and individuals that grow organic food.

-Regulates the photosynthetic electron transport. -Similar to manganese, copper assists in the binding of free oxygen radicals which renders them innocuous. - Important for sub processes of lignification - Important for rhizobia production associated with legumes

Copper filaments are extracted from the telephone wire that are being replaced by a more efficient material (fibre optic). Copper is a material with high conductivity and has being used for years in the energy production and telecommunication industry.

Use some uric acid and nitrate salt solution , mix the two solution until it transforms into a clear and liquid solution. Once the solution is dissoluted pour the solution on the container and add half gram of the copper filaments.

First you will need some small container for 100 g of copper , tiny bits taken from a wire.

Shake the container until the bits of copper are completely covered by the solution.

Once both of solution and copper are blended together , leave the experiment to rest for 5 minutes before adding some water to stop copper from passivating. The tow solution will release a toxic fume which it is recommended to work in a well ventilated area or preferably use a fume hood. * passicate: to make the solution inactive or less reactive

The composite will begin to mutate into asky blue colour, which becomes the result of the transition of the two composites into sulphate of copper. Add more 100 ml of water, wait for the solution to react by releasing some more fume. When it ceases, let the solution rest for 10 min

When nitrate salt and copper stop reacting, after 20 min pour off the copper mix solution and add more water and acid mix to dissolve some more solution. To finalise, add some copper salt solution in to a different container to crystlize the salt out. When the solution is cooled down we can observe some crystals. The solution is put in a freezer to get more crystals outs. Crystals are washed and the water is drained off. The drained liquid will be used as a fertilizer.

DISTRIBUTION MAP WHYTHENSHAWE

SKETCHES

Conversion+ extension precedents

The following diagram shows the connection and proximity of Colly GreenLab to the urban farms and gardens in Manchester.

HORTICULTURE COLLEGE

COLLY GREENLAB DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

001 PRECEDENT

002 PRECEDENT

The Laboratory is located in the centre of The Northern Gateway Regeneration Framework , which will be facilitated by the improvement of transport links and development of higher quality residential schemes planned by Manchester City Council.

ADDITIONAL STRUCTURE ON TOP First plan sketch composed of three blocks. Initial Telephone exchange building preserved.

KINDLING TRUST HULME COMMUNITY GARDEN CENTRE

HORTICULTURAL CENTRE

BUD GARDEN CENTRE THE ORANGE PROJECT Location: Sheﬃeld, UK

Since 2007, Kindling has been working for a just and ecologically sustainable society. Working with communities, farmers, activists and policy makers, we use food as a catalyst for environmental and social change. Guided by the Food Sovereignty approach, our work challenges the dominant model of industrial production and widespread food inequality.

Our herbs, fruit & veg are potted up in organic peat free* and stock free compost. All our other plants are grown here in organic and peat free* compost. Or sourced from nurseries that do not use peat wherever possible. We use local suppliers and support independents and small businesses wherever possible.

Northern Gateway SPD (2018) description:

Architect: Project Orange

Homes:15.000 Major landowners: Far East Consortium Council: Manchester City New Metrolink Station at Vauxhaul Gardens.

The angular, at-a-glance almost top-heavy addition to this old industrial carriage works is striking and bold. It has a playful quality and makes a somewhat irreverent gesture to the old building, but given the rather unprepossessing character of the neighbourhood, this seems the right way to respond. The brick warehouse in Sheﬃeld look like another building stacked on top ( Dezeen, 2012).

Year :

ALBERT WORKS -WAREHOUSE-TO-WORKPLACE

EXISTING BUILDING

Atrium sketch concept

Location: Sheffield, UK Architect: Cartwright Pickard Year : 2018 The scheme involved the conversion of four disused red-brick warehouses in Sheffield's Cultural Industries Quarter, with the integration of a new central, open plan infill to create about 1,600sqm of flexible workspace. The original character of the existing buildings has been carefully restored using traditional trades and materials, and the new exposed steel infill frame creates three bays that are pulled away from the existing buildings to create an integrated perimeter walkway and service zone ( CartwrightPickard, 2012).

A- T.E Building B- Conversion lab C- Atrium/ Entrance D- Extraction Lab

Green = Under Construction currently Blue = Approved projects or just about to begin construction. Real Food Wythenshawe is an ambitious five-year program to engage and excite the people of Wythenshawe in growing and cooking fresh, sustainable food. It’s an ambitious project that aims to reach people across the whole community, supporting them all to lead healthier, lower carbon lifestyles through the food they grow, cook and eat.

Bud is a bijou, independent garden centre in Burnage, South Manchester. Established in 2011, they sell: - UK Grown Plants - Peat Free Compost - Natural Feeds and Pest Control - Locally Made and Fair trade Gifts Choose from a range of UK sourced plants and unusual gifts, knowing that care has been taken to minimize our carbon footprint and protect the environment.

Massing sketch development

Orange = Projects holding planning applications Red = Proposals without planning apps Yellow = Projects completed within the last 6 months

Timber cladding sketch exploration.

MASSING EXPERIMENT

SITE+ BUILDING STRATEGY

SUNPATH ANALYSIS

MODEL EXPERIMENT

The 2nd phase structure of the T.E building will be replaced by a new one. The old extension presents various constrains that do not facilitate the allocation of a future building.

Initial arrangement based on the T.E extension. The new building was initially conceived to occupy the footprint of the T.E phase 2.

Proposing tructural load steel frame, 3x3 grid.

Exploring massing by breaking out initial volume extension into three volumes for a more eďŹ&#x192;cent spatial arrangement. 1- Laboratory A 2- Laboratory B 3- Atrium

Existing structure of the T.E will be preserved and given a new purpose.

ARCHITECTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN PRECEDENT

SUNPATH ANALYSIS

Plant room

SPATIAL DIAGRAMS

Group room

Reading/meeting rooms PLANT ROOM

SUN PATH The sun path diagram shows that most of the solar gain in the site is received from South. In the design proposal majority of the programme’s activity will happen in rooms orientated South. The application of skylights will allow daylight to travel uninterruptedly throughout the building.

In its simplest terms, daylighting is a design technique that uses the sun’s natural rays to efficiently bring light into an interior building space during the day. The building will explore as its maximum the quality of sunlight by placing south location the areas with more activity and using skylight in the common areas. This will reduce electricity costs and energy waste.

Location: Collyhurst Street, M40 7GF Date: 04.05.19 Dawn: 04h:47m:04s Sunrise: 05h:28m:33s Sunset: 20h:44m:00s Dusk: 21h:25m:11s

Distance:150.836.617 Altitude: 48.71

The Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU) opened in 2011 as a research institute focused on elucidating the regulatory systems underlying plant growth and development. Supported by the Gatsby Charitable Foundation, SLCU is a community of approximately 160 people and 14 research groups.

LECTURE ROOM

DATABASE WORK AREA

CONVERSION LAB

EXTRACTION LAB TERRACE

GROUP MEETING ROOM

Data base/working area

STAIRS/LIFT TOILET

SECOND FLOOR Bridge

The building comprises laboratories, support areas and meeting spaces, together with the University’s Herbarium, new public café and seminar room. The permeability that is manifested in the expansive glazing to the ground and first floors and which reinforces the close relationship between the new Laboratory and the Garden which provides the fundamental raison d’etre for the research it will house (StantonWilliams,2019). In the building, the architect explored at maximum the quality of natural light travelling in the building through expanded skylights. The overall concept is based on the idea of plants investigation, so the integration with the building and landscape, the interrupted views of inside out are of extreme necessity.

BRIDGE

PLANT ROOM

LIBRARY/READING ROOM

BRIDGE

DATABASE WORK AREA

CONVERSION LAB

Lecture room

Conversion Laboratory

SECOND FLOOR

EXTRACTION LAB RESEARCH OFFICE

STAFF/TEAM ROOM

Research room

TERRACE

STAIRS/LIFT

TOILET

Lift/ FIRST FLOOR

Teaching room

Extraction Laboratory T.E Equipment

Transformer Room

Lobby/Cafe area Fire escape stairs

GARDEN PLANT ROOM

Administration office RECEPTION

ADM.OFFICE

Reception

CONVERSION LAB

FIRST FLOOR

TEACHING ROOM

ENTRANCE

EXTRACTION LAB

LOBBY/CAFE AREA

STAIRS/LIFT

ATRIUM-TE EQUIPMENT TOILET

ENTRANCE/ EXIT- ACCESS TE EQUIPMENT

Daylight Duration: 15h:15m:27s 14

GROUND FLOOR GROUNDFLOOR

COLLY GREENLAB- MASTERPLAN

COLLY GREENLAB: ELEVATIONS 1:200

FRONT ELEVATION- RYDER STREET

COLLY GREENLAB: PLANS 1:200

12 14 11 15

8 3

6 19

E STR ER

D RY

THORNTON STREET

LATERAL ELEVATION- THORNTON STREET GROUNDFLOOR PLAN

1-Administration Office 2- Entrance hall/Reception 3-Cafe area 4- Teaching Room 5-Lobby area

6- Internal fire escape 7-Toilet 8- Unisex disable toilet 9-Atrium 10- Telephone Exchange equipment

11- Hall/lift area 12-Female toilet 13- Male toilet 14- Copper extraction laboratory 15- General Store

16- Chemical store 21- Research room 17- Preparation Room 18- Copper conversion Laboratory 19- Toilet 20- Operational room

ET TRE

DE RY

THORNTON STREET

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1- Meeting Rooms 2- Toilets 3-Bridge 4- Fire Escape 5- Research room for Extraction Laboratory

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

1- Meeting Rooms 2- Teaching room/Theatre 3-Bridge 4- Bridge 5- Lift Area

COLLY GREENLAB: SECTIONS 1:200

LONGITUDINAL SECTION A’A

CROSS SECTION B’B 22

DETAIL SECTION

Structure and Material Strategy

Cedar timber cladding

down

10 6

11 12

5 4

13 14

2 3

3 2

Frame for glazed panels Glazed panel

Cedar timber cladding

5 6

Steel structure Insulation Outer wall Frame

Cedar timber cladding

Larch and Cedar Cladding fitted vertically Using natural Larch or Cedar will offer great visual impact whilst still keeping the cladding durable. These species both weather beautifully over the years whilst retaining their protective qualities (Irving timber, 2019). Treated with a fire retardant. and use of cavity fire barriers

11 12

Detail Section 1:10 1- Concrete Foundation 2- Flashing to form cavity glutter 3- Ventilated and drained cavity 4- Air moisture/vapour barrier 5- Cavity Insulation 6- Inner wall 7- Outer wall 8- Veneer anchor joint

9- Gravel layer 10- Rigid insulation 11-Vapour retarder 12- 140 In-situ Concrete Slab 13- Floor Finishing/polished concrete layer 14- Underfloor heating tubes

1- Steel beam 2- Profiled metal decking 3-Concrete floor slab 4- Air moisture/vapour barrier 5- Rigid Insulation 6- Underfloor heating tubes 7- Floor finishing 8- Internal Finishing

- Tensile and It has a high strength to weight ratio which means it has high strength per unit mass.

The components of such system consist of steel beam with shear studs fixed on its top flange that create a composite action between the beam and composite slab (The constructor, 2018).

- Easily fabricated and produced massively. Steel sections can be produced offsite at shop floors and then assembled on-site; Structural steel is very flexible; - Relatively cheap compared to other building materials;

Fire retardant paint .Appli- Light weight and require cation of intumescent paint thinner beams; layers helps fireproof structural steel and steel beams (Rawlins, 2019).

Composite floor

- Life span of 30 years and easily recycled;( Northern Weldcard, 2018).

Cedar timber cladding

Glazed Panel

Steel structure

U value approximately 0.14 (Greenspec,2019)

9- Timber cladding 10- Rigid insulation/ plasterboard 11-Wool Insulation 12- Vapour Control 13- Battens

Cost effective;

Cedar timber cladding

Environmental Strategies

Construction Sequence

Sunlight gain from South

Stage1

Stage2

Stage3

Stage4

Stage5

Stage6

Stage7

Slab Construction

Wall Construction

Cladding Installation

Stage8

Stage9

Lighting with daylight sensed dimming Solar Panels position south-East

Electricity generated by photovoltaic panels.

Water boiler

Brief preparation

Fresh air supply duct

Site preparation and demolition

Foundation work

Structure

Cladding Installation

Internal finishing and Landscaping

Air handler unit

Heat loss through atrium rooﬂight

Extract duct Cool air

Rain water tanks with the capacity of 1.100 litre (240 gallon) provide water storage with minimal installation and assembly costs. The water stored is used to ﬂush toilets and water plants.

SEFAIRA DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

Rainwater is collected from the roof and stored in 20.000 litre Tank below ground. The water stored is used to flush the toilets.

The groundﬂoor heat pump can lower the energy costs by up to 80% and minimise the CO2 emissions. The ground source retreives heat from deep in the ground and transfers to the building’s oﬃces, cafe, teaching areas except laboratories.

The Sefaira analysis shows that the building is over lit in the atrium area due to the use of skylight and double height windows. The light absorbed through the atrium will travel to the laboratories helping to maximise natural light in the working space. Meanwhile, the existing building presents a minimum range of daylight travelling through the building. 26

This stage starts with the brief preparation. Once the paper work is approved that includes all technical drawings, estimation of material, approval of drawings from Manchester City Council the construction team will be preparing the camp site. The camp-site will be semi-enclosed in the green area in front of the Telephone Exchange building. All the necessary machinery and equipments will be store in this area.

The project will try at its best to minimise the disruption caused during construction. Residences with houses facing Ryder Street, will have access to their home from the end of Ryder Street. Thornton Street will be closed and limited access only to construction staff. Main access for delivery and drop off will be from Collyhurst Street to Ryder Street.

Site preparation and Demolition At this stage , the building the Telephone exchange Phase 2 will be evaluated before demolish. The approved plan boundaries are marked in the ground first and the ground inside and outside the layout is cleaned. Later the complete layout is marked on the ground with accurate dimension and orientation.

Setting up personal protection measures (clothing, equipment, etc.) Safeguarding the building by a security company and municipal police through the course of the project.

Foundation work consists of compacting the ground using hand compactor compactors. To form a solid base. To form a solid bases on which the reinforcement can be tied and footing can be placed.

Building Steel structure and reinforcing internal walls of Telephone Exchange buildings. This stage consists of establishing that the foundations are suitable and safe for construction of the steel frame. Lifting and placing components into position, generally using cranes but sometimes by jacking.

Construction of Slabs and Stairs Composite concrete slab using steel decking. The composite slab consisted of a profiled steel decking with an in-situ reinforced concrete topping.

Application of SIP panels and construction of Brick wall for the Atrium.

Internal fitting and Landscape Fixing of Electrical and Plumbing Works. The necessary electrical and plumbing works are carried out before the final finishing works such as painting and flooring are done. At this stage structure and non-structural internal walls will be installed along with the finalization of sanitary facilities and finishing surface of floors. In the outdoors , landscape strategies will start to take place by planting appropriate vegetation to the climate of Collyhurst. The environmental strategies will be taking into account by creating systems on the roof for rainwater collection, installation of solar panels and all mechanical ventilation systems. At this stage the camp site is evacuated, replaced by a green outdoor space for the community of Collyhurst.

Excavation and Foundation work Generally excavation is carried out for the construction of wall foundations. Excavation should be carried out as per the drawings defined lengths & widths. Suitable machines are used to excavate the earth for the making of foundation.

To secure components in place bolted connections will be made, Aligning the structure, principally by checking that column bases are lined and level and columns are plumb.

19 0

RIBA Plan of Work Strategic Deﬁnition In this stage, the objective and aim of the project should be deﬁned before

establishing the brief. The brief must be approved by the client who will participate in the whole process. The process of this stage includes: - Site access, environment, opportunities and constrains; - Policies and frameworks review with Manchester City Council; - Initial considerations for assembling the project team; - Discussion of similar project; - Creation of a moodboard; - Establish a project vision and programme;

Preparation and Brief At this stage the Project Objectives, Project Outcomes, Sustainability Aspirations should be well developed. The main funding source for the project , parameters or constraints should be considered and established during the development of the Initial Project Brief. In the meantime , feasibility Studies and review of Site Information should be undertaken.

Installation of Timber Cladding

Concept Design Prepare Concept Design, including outline proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline speciﬁcations and preliminary Cost Information along with relevant Project Strategies in accordance with Design Programme. Agree alterations to brief and issue Final Project Brief.

Fixing of Doors and Windows Steel and aluminium doors are fixed after completion of paint works.

Developed Design Prepare Developed Design, including coordinated and updated proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline speciﬁcations, Cost Information and Project Stategies in accordance with Design Programme. Submit Planning application. Undertake third party. Concept Design including outline structural and building services design, preliminary Cost Information and Final Project Brief. 1:1250 Location Plan. 1:500 Site Plan. 1:100 Plans, Sections and Elevations.

Technical Drawings Architectural, structural, service drawings as well as specialist subcontractor design must be ﬁnalised in accordance with Project Strategies and Design Programme. Appointing Principal Contractor and reviewing Planning Conditions following granting of consent.

Construction Oﬀsite manufacturing and onsite Construction in accordance with the Construction Programme and resolution of Design Queries from site as they arise.Collate Health and Safety File. Contractor to comply with any construction-speciﬁc Planning Conditions.

Handover and Closeout Handover of building and conclusion of Building Contract.

In use Undertake In Use services in accordance with Schedule of Services. Maintain relationship with Client, oﬀer additional In Use services as appointed.

Regulatory Compliance

Approved Document M The approved Document M volume 2 provides guidance for some of the more common building situations and is made for speciﬁc purposes of health and safety, welfare, accessibility and energy conservation. In addition, the document aims to provide suitable access for people from the entrance point to the building and any car parking that is provided.

Approved Document B The approved Document B focus on the means of escape in case of ﬁre in buildings other than dwellinghouses. In the laboratory and part institutional building the provision of appropriate means of escape must be rigorously considered as mention below:

stairs 2 stairs 3

S er Ry d

Lift forms a protective shaft with ﬁre- resisting construction as mention in section 5.42.b.

ASSEMBLY POINT

A.Primary entrance from Ryder Street. B.Secondary entrance from Thornton Street.

Thornton St

The primary and secondary entrances of the building are accessed through ramps for the beneﬁt of wheelchair users amd people pushing prams as stated in section 1.19.

Protection of Escape routes In the aprroved document B statement 4.8 and table 6 says that a minimun width of 1100 metres can serve up to 220 people.

Fire Exits/Routes to Assembly Point

Width of Escape Route

ESCAPE ROUTE 3 (Exit to backyard)

In the statement 3.18 and table 4 mentions that the width of escape/exitt door is larger than 850 mm that can serve for 110 people.

As stated in section 1.18b at least one parking bay designed for disabled people should be provided on level ground as close as possible to the main entrance.

ESCAPE ROUTE 2 (Exit to carparking)

Sanitary Convenience in extension to buildings other than dwellings

Maximum Travel Distance

In the approved document M statement 5.10 a,b,c & h, it mentions that the wheelchair need to be located as close as possible to the entrance and in a similar position each ﬂoor. Also, any wheelchair user does not have to travel more than 40 m on the same ﬂoor. Section 5 statement 5.9 also emphasises that the time needed to reach a wheelchair toilet should be kept to a minimum.

In the approved document B statement 3.35, Table 5 mentions that the maximum distance of travel in small permises with a protected stair with more than one exit stairs is 45m. Stairs

Fire Resisting Enclosed Stairway

External Stairs could serves the purpose of escape route as long as the provision meet the requirement.

ESCAPE ROUTE 1 (Entrance from the Atrium)

In section 2 table 2 mentions that a minimun eﬀective clear width of doors for external doors to buildings used by the general public vary from 1000 mm (new buildings) and 775 mm (existing buildings).

280 1200

Vertical circulation through lift and internal stairs 30

RYD

1500mm

ESCAPE ROUTE 5 (Exit to Thornton St) 1000

DETECTIVE ALARM

ESCAPE ROUTE 4 (Exit to Ryder Street)

1000

FIRE EXIT/STAIRS

N TO N OR H T

RE ST

Door to accessible entrances

ESCAPE ROUTES

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Disabled Access entrance from Thornton Street.

Accessibility

stairs 2

et tre

Lift

Disabled Access entrance from Ryder Street

ER STR E

2200mm

Accessible unisex toilet

3D Visualizations

View from Office Above Laboratory

Laboratory view

View from Thornton Street- Secondary Entrance

View from Laboratory Corridor 32

Laboratory view 2 33

Bibliography

Books Abramson, D. (2015) From Obsolescence to Sustainability, Back Again, and Beyond. Design and Culture, 4:3, 279-298. Schulze-Fielitz,E (2010). Metalanguage of Space. 1st ed. Springer-Verlag Vienna. Vienna. pp- 65-101 Moe, K. (2013) Specifically generic Architecture from Convergence. Routledge, London. Abramson, D (2015) From Obsolescence to Sustainability, Back Again, and Beyond. Design and Culture, 4:3, 279-298. Hugues,T., Steiger and Weber,J.(2004). Timber construction: details, products, case studies. 1ST ed. Published Basel: BirkhaĚ&#x2C6;user. London

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CityCo, (2019). Manchester Development Map.[ Online] Available at: https://cityco.com/manchester-development-map/ [ Accessed 29th November 2018] Irving and Sons, (2018). Cladding. [Online] Available at: http://www.irvingtimber.co.uk/products/product/2156-cladding [Accessed 25th November 2018] Stanton Williams, (2019). Sainsbury Laboratory. [ Online] on the Metropolis.[ebook]. Available at: https://www.stantonwilliams.com/projects/sainsbury-laboratory/ [Accessed 10th March 2019] NWL, (2018). Advantages and Disadvantages of Structural Steel Structures.[online] Available at: http://northern-weldarc.com/advantages-disadvantages-structural-steel-structures/ [Accessed 6th December 2018] Ilivehere,(2019). Socio-economic statistics for Collyhurst, Manchester. [Online] Available at: https://www.ilivehere.co.uk/statistics-collyhurst-manchester-9140.html [Accessed 12th November 2018] Nutri-Tech Solutions,(2017). Copper Essential. [pdf] Available at: https://shop.nutri-tech.com.au/products/copper-essentials [Accessed 10th November 2018] Webelements,(2019). Copper the Essentials.[Online] Available at: https://www.webelements.com/copper/index.html [Accessed 10th February 2019]