January/February 2012 by Mechanical Business

JAN/FEB 2012

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Your job becomes more difﬁcult when you don't have the right tools. That’s why Ford offers a wide range of work vehicles on the road, to make sure you get the right one. Durability and dependability aren’t the only reasons why Ford is the leader in commercial truck sales*. With a variety of different options, your truck is as customizable as it is capable. Drive up to the top of the tool chain at fordcommercialvehicles.ca Vehicles may be shown with optional equipment. *Based on R. L. Polk YTD November 2011 new vehicle, registrations data for “Commercial” category.

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F E AT U R E S 22LEAK DETECTION

Finding water underground Marty Silverman

50FIND THE FIX 73HVAC/R

A breakdown of efficiency ratings Carol Fey

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33Working on a hydronic project? Then WHAT is for you. Read all about pumps, tubing, thermal mass, radiators, fluids, boilers, best practices, and much, much more.

80VEHICLE UPFITTING

Upfitting à la carte Natalie Ann Comeau

84VALVES

30COVER FEATURE

Pulling out all the stops Thomas D. Husebye & Patrice B. Bansa

Host of Income Property on HGTV, real estate investor Scott McGillivray is no stranger to construction sites, and he knows the importance of good mechanicals. He’s been renovating and renting out houses since his days as a student in Guelph, Ont. Adam Freill

90HVAC/R

A mechanical approach to radon Carol Fey

93TOOL TIP MB

SPECIALISTS 20HVAC/R Humidity control Gord Cooke

26REFRIGERATION The oil management challenge Phil Boudreau

42GEOTHERMAL Hydronic-izing Geothermal: An exchange of knowledge Bob “Hot Rod” Rohr

78ASK ROGER Making the web work Roger Grochmal

88MARKETING Rebates are ending. What are you going to do? Doug MacMillan

P R O D U C T S 48,68Hydronics 89Stuff you need 94HVAC/R 96Plumbing

100WORLD VIEW It would never happen to me... Jeff Patchell

D E P A R T M E NT S 06From the editor’s desk 08News 18Profile: David Weishuhn

98The Info Page 99Calendar 102By the numbers

CHECK US OUT ONLINE

On the cover: Television host and real estate investor Scott McGillivray can be found on HGTV. Photo: HGTV Canada

FROM Content Media Group Inc. 19 – 1525 Cornwall Road Oakville, ON L6J 0B2 CANADA Tel: 905.465.2919 Fax: 905.465.2913 www.mechanicalbusiness.com Jan/Feb 2012 Issue Published 6 times per year. Editor: Adam Freill, ext. 224 adam.freill@mechanicalbusiness.com National Accounts Manager: Laura Goodwin, ext. 221 laura.goodwin@mechanicalbusiness.com Controller: Liz Mills liz.mills@mechanicalbusiness.com Art Direction: JJM Graphic Ltd. davem@jjmgraphic.com Circulation Manager: Shila Naik (905) 272-4175 shila.naik@mechanicalbusiness.com Publisher: Bruce Meacock, ext. 222 bruce.meacock@mechanicalbusiness.com PM:41536047 ISSN 1916-0674 MB (Print) ISSN 1906-0682 MB (Online)

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THE

EDITOR’S

Relax, the sky isn’t falling We’ve kicked off another new year, and yet we are still being bombarded by negative economic reports despite the fact that our economy grew last year, and the year before that.

See you at the show The crew here at MB is looking forward to seeing you at the CMX/CIPHEX event in Toronto next month. Be sure to pick up our March/April edition for full show details, and watch for breaking news online and in our monthly e-newsletters. Not a digital subscriber yet? Visit www.mechanicalbusiness.com to register.

Anyone remember how the preschool story of Chicken Little ends? The poor little guy is so convinced that the sky is falling that he tells all his friends. The chain of misinformation ends when the group of friends finally runs into a fox. The fox goes along with the story until he has them in his den, at which point he has quite the feast for lunch, knowing that the sky is safe. A recent Pollara Strategic Insights poll of Canadian consumers reports that the vast majority of us believe that Canada is in a recession, and has been since late 2009. The economic evidence speaks otherwise, however. Canada’s last recession actually lasted from the fourth quarter of 2008 until the second quarter of 2009. So, why are news reports screaming about a housing sector that is about to burst, and permit numbers and job creation figures on the decline? Have a closer look and the picture may not be as dire as reported. The reality is that a declining number garners a front-page headline. A rising figure gets wedged between the horoscope and bridge scores. And reporters who only look at month-to-month figures rather than at annual trends and year-over-year numbers play a short-sighted game that breeds the kind of consumer confidence that the Pollara research has found. The biggest challenge our economy faces is not from threats from the world economies, it’s from an erosion of consumer confidence from within our borders. Pessimism is contagious, and the constant stream of troubling economic news – most of it from other parts of the world – has affected the outlook of Canadians. This runs the risk of spawning a self-fulfilling prophecy that could actually land us back in negative growth territory – or in the fox’s den wondering what happened.

Notice: Mechanical Business is published for owners, managers and decision makers with mechanical contracting firms and the sector's supply chain partners in Canada. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information, Mechanical Business, Content Media Group Inc., its staff, directors, officers and shareholders (‘The Publisher’) assume no liability, obligation or responsibility for advertised claims, for errors and/or omissions, or for the results obtained from the use of this information. Manufacturers’ instructions take precedence over published editorial. The publisher reserves the right to publish a printed correction in a subsequent issue for editorial errors, omissions and oversights. Subscriptions are available for $90 plus taxes in Canada and the U.S. Single copies are $15.00. Outside Canada and the U.S., the rates are $150.00 (annual) and $25.00 (single copy).

Until next time,

From time to time, Content Media Group Inc. makes subscribers’ names available to reputable companies whose products or services may be of interest to readers. If you would like your name excluded from these mailings, please notify the publisher. © Copyright 2012. The contents of this magazine may not be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission of the publisher.

Adam Freill, Editor

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News www.mechanicalbusiness.com

Checking out the home of the L eafs Members of the CIPH Industrial Pipe, Valves and Fittings Council took a tour of Toronto’s Air Canada Centre as part of the council’s recent luncheon event, held in Toronto on November 21. The 60 IPVF council members on the tour were treated to a look at the visitor’s locker room, a stop on the Toronto Maple Leafs’ bench, and a visit to the mechanical rooms to check out the pumps, ice making equipment and dehumidification units.

Vancouver pays the bills The City of Vancouver will continue to pay hot water and heating bills for residents of two city-owned social housing buildings in the Olympic Village until engineers are able to fix the state-of-the-art solar-thermal hot water heating system. Engineers believe the problems were caused, in part, when the Vancouver Organizing Committee shut down portions of the system after the close of the 2010 Winter Olympics. The city estimates they will have paid more than $150,000 by the time responsibility for the bills reverts to the residents this July.

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In January, the Radiant Panel Association officially joined the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials. The move, as well as an official name change to the Radiant Professionals Alliance, was ratified by RPA membership on December 5, 2011. RPA members retain their original anniversary dates and are entitled to all benefits associated with RPA and the structure with IAPMO. RPA publications and reference materials will continue to be available without interruption.

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Linde Canada will no longer act as a collection service provider for Refrigerant Management Canada (RMC). Linde supported the RMC program for more than 10 years. RMC has collected and disposed of more than 2.5 million kilograms of surplus refrigerant. Wholesalers and contractors should direct collection inquiries to Fielding Chemical Technologies in Mississauga, Ont., tel. 905-279-5122, or Refrigerant Services Inc. in Dartmount, N.S., tel. 902-468-4997.

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The Mechanical Contractors Association of Ottawa has welcomed a new student chapter at Algonquin College. The school offers a wide variety of programs in the HVAC/R and plumbing sectors, and MCA Ottawa intends to broaden the students’ experience with educational experience, site tours, internships and employment opportunities.

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Solar Canada shines Joe Oliver, federal minister of natural resources, opened last November’s Solar Canada conference in Toronto by encouraging the industry to develop a sound business model if they hope to succeed. “No matter how desirable they are from an environmental perspective, new technologies that cannot offer a strong business case will encounter difficulty gaining acceptance in the marketplace,” he said. The event was attended by more than 4,200 solar industry professionals. solarcanadaconference.ca

CMX/CIPHEX opening soon The CMX/CIPHEX national trade show and learning forum will take place at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre March 22 to 24, 2012. Online registration is available and a new mobile website has been set up at mobile.cmxciphexshow.com with access to exhibitor locations as well as hotel and parking information. Watch for our special show guide in the March/April issue – and be sure to drop by the Mechanical Business booth to say hello! cmxciphexshow.com Visit MB at booth N22

HomeServe USA enters Canadian market HomeServe USA Corp., a provider of home repair service programs south of the border, has signed an agreement with EPCOR Utilities Inc. to enter the Canadian market. The company will offer Alberta residents home repair plans covering water and sewer lines, comfort heating, water heating, and electrical wiring systems. HomeServe will be one of the first to offer exterior water or sewer line coverage in Canada. epcor.ca

Crane opens new supply house Crane Supply celebrated the official opening of its Vaughan, Ont., supply house and national headquarters on December 8th. The new 122,000 sq. ft. facility includes 50,000 sq. ft. dedicated to indoor pipe storage. It is located at 141 Royal Group Cres., and can be reached at Tel. 416-244-5351. Photo: Tom Frazer (right), president of Crane Supply, leads a tour of the new distribution centre. www.cranesupply.com

Napoleon celebrates safety milestone On November 21, 2011, Napoleon Appliance Corporation celebrated three years without a lost-time injury at its Barrie, Ont., plant. Local dignitaries came to congratulate the workers, including Jeff Lehman, mayor of Barrie. Owner Stephen Schroeter accepted a certificate of achievement from the company’s joint health and safety committee, telling the crowd, “I like that you gave me this award, but it is all of you that did the work.” napoleonheatingandair.com

Looking to hire? Check out MB’s online career section, home of the latest industry job postings. mechanicalbusiness.com

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Bud Bird recognized J.W. “Bud” Bird, founder of Atlantic distributor J. W. Bird & Co. Ltd. (now BirdStairs) and founding director of Enbridge Gas New Brunswick (EGNB), has been inducted into the Junior Achievement New Brunswick Business Hall of Fame. Bird, who is a director of EGNB, also served as mayor of Fredericton, minister of natural resources for New Brunswick, and as a member of Parliament. He was awarded an honourary doctorate degree by the University of New Brunswick in 1987, and made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2001. janbhalloffame.ca

APP ALERT Refrigerant converter app Based on the Danfoss Refrigerant Slider, KoolApp allows users to enter exact figures or use a slide ruler to obtain precise and accurate conversions based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology Refrigerant Properties and Antoine equations. Designed for installers, distributors and producers of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment, the app features data on 48 types of refrigerant and allows users to switch between Celsius and Fahrenheit, and between bar and psi. danfoss.com

Pump selector Available through the iTunes store, the TacoHVAC Pumps app is designed to help users select centrifugal pumps for hydronic heating and cooling applications by specifying flow and head conditions. The app provides information about each pump’s performance characteristics and can send an email with the details. It also provides access to all published Taco product literature as well as direct access to the company’s technical support department. taco-hvac.com

Flush with cash Seven plumbing instructors from Alberta’s Red Deer College are flush with cash after winning a $30 million Lotto 6/49 jackpot in mid-November. Len Aucoin’s students learned the good news when he wrote “I won” on the blackboard at the start of his Thursday morning class. At the time, the school’s program still had eight weeks left in the session, and all seven instructors pledged to stick with it till the end – but with $4.3 million each in winnings, they may not all be returning next term. rdc.ab.ca

Ontario College of Trades sets opposition straight Ron Johnson, chair of the board of governors of the Ontario College of Trades, has written an open letter in response to Ontario PC leader, and leader of the official opposition, Tim Hudak’s suggestion that government should impose a 1:1 ratio on all apprentice-able trades. “The review of these apprentice ratios by independent adjudicators, scheduled to begin in early 2012, will be an industry-derived solution to what Mr. Hudak thinks governments should offer,” Johnson wrote. “Apprenticeship reform is a very complex issue that requires thoughtful solutions and broad stakeholder input, and the College of Trades is poised to take on this very challenging task.” The College of Trades was formed in 2009 to promote involvement in skilled trades and make the apprenticeship program more responsive to the needs of employers and consumers. The College has the mandate and powers to regulate all approved trades in Ontario. collegeoftrades.ca

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Phasing out wood in Montreal Montreal has launched a program to rid the island of pollution-causing wood burning appliances. Feu Vert [Green Fire] offers incentives of up to $900 to residents who remove woodstoves or fireplaces that are not CSA compliant nor certified by the U.S. EPA, and replace them with electric, pellet-burning, natural gas or propane options. The majority of the island’s 85,000 homes have non-compliant units, and residential wood heating is the main source of fine particle pollution in Quebec.

HRAI reaches out via Facebook Since being launched last August, the HRAI Career Promotion Committee has been reaching out to high school and college students across the country to inform them about career opportunities in the HVAC/R industry. The Career Connections Facebook page targets students between the ages of 16 and 21 years of age, and promotes school events attended by HRAI ambassadors. It also serves as an information channel for the Ontario Technological Skills Competition Heating Systems Technician competition, which will be held during the CMX/CIPHEX trade show in March. hvacrcareers.ca

feuvert.org

CIPH gala support CIPH’s 10th annual gala will take place on Wednesday, March 21, kicking off the CMX/CIPHEX show in Toronto. The gala will be held at the Fairmont Royal York Hotel and will feature impressionist Martin Dubé. Tickets are $300 per person and corporate tables are available. Proceeds from the event go towards supporting Habitat for Humanity. CIPH has sponsored eight Habitat for Humanity builds so far, the most recent of in Victoria, B.C. ciph.com

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Cross bore hazards

Paying it forward pays off Drivers lucky enough to find themselves behind a Service Experts van in a drive-through recently were treated to a free cup of coffee. The company, which offers heating and air conditioning services in Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario, celebrated the introduction of its new vehicle graphics by doing a good deed. “When people benefit from kindness, they pay it forward by helping others,” explained regional manager Darren Parsons. “This creates a cascade of cooperation.” The company treated the public to 5,000 cups of coffee during its Coffee Days, which ran from November 14 through 18.

Union Gas has issued a warning regarding potential hazards posed by natural gas lines that may have penetrated sewer lines. These intersecting natural gas lines, called cross bores, can be damaged by drain clearing equipment when attempting to clear blocked sewer lines beyond the exterior walls of buildings. Union Gas advises contractors to call Ontario One at 1-800-400-2255 prior to clearing a blocked sewer so the company can rule out potential hazards. uniongas.com

Yellowknife is Canada’s coldest city, with a mean average temperature of -5.4°C.

serviceexperts.ca

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Movers and Shakers www.mechanicalbusiness.com

Goodman readying London location Goodman Canada – manufacturers of residential and light commercial air conditioning, heating and indoor air quality products and systems – has announced a new London, Ont., location. The new branch, set to open in the first quarter of 2012, is located at 15700 Robins Hill Road. goodmanmfg.com

Great Lakes to handle Powers Watts Water Technologies (Canada) Inc. has named Great Lakes Marketing as its agent handling all Powers-related product lines for Southwestern Ontario. Great Lakes Marketing is located in Penetanguishene, Ont., and can be reached at 905-266-0657.

Watts buys tekmar Watts Water Technologies Inc. has signed a definitive agreement to acquire tekmar Control Systems in a share purchase. “We are very pleased with the anticipated acquisition of tekmar,” said Srinivas K. Bagepalli, Watts president of North America. “tekmar provides energy-saving control solutions for a wide range of hydronic systems which we believe will complement our existing product offering.” British Columbia based tekmar had annual revenues of $11 million last year. wattscanada.ca

wattscanada.ca greatlakesmarketing.ca

New Speakman rep in Western Canada Speakman Company has appointed Barclay Sales as its outside representative in British Columbia and Alberta. Speakman manufactures showerheads, commercial faucets and emergency equipment. Barclay’s head office can be reached at 800-416-3033. barclaysales.com

CCTF partners with Tylok CCTF Corporation of Canada has entered into an exclusive agreement to supply Tylok International’s instrumentation fittings and valves in Canada. CCTF is a distributor of carbon and stainless steel pipe, fittings and flanges with locations across Canada. Tylok produces single and double ferrule fittings that are interchangeable with other major product lines. CCTF also recently moved its Oakville, Ont., facility to 4151 North Service Road, Burlington, Ont. They can be reached at 905-335-5320.

Extech and FLIR combine N.H. operations Extech Instruments/FLIR Systems, makers of handheld test and measurement tools, has moved its world headquarters to Nashua, N.H. The new, state-of-the-art facility is designed to be a showcase for the FLIR and Extech brands. All other offices and locations remain unchanged, and Canadian customers will still be served by the company’s Canadian headquarters in Burlington, Ont. The new address is 9 Townsend West, Nashua, N.H., tel. 603-324-7800. extech.com

cctf.com

Powrmatic relocates Toronto branch Powrmatic of Canada, a distributor and wholesaler of HVAC products, has completed its move to new offices, which include 27,000 sq. ft. of warehouse and office space plus a new storefront displaying a wide assortment of products. The new location is at 111 Staffern Drive in Concord, Ont. powrmatic.ca

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Ceralux unveils new logo Ceralux Industries Inc. recently unveiled its new website and redesigned logo. Located in Concord, Ont., Ceralux is an independent distributor of sanitary ware from Europe, South America and North America. The company can be reached at tel. 1-888-237-2589. ceralux.com

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People in the news www.mechanicalbusiness.com

JOE MONACO has been promoted to area sales manager for Ontario at Goodman Canada. Joe began his career at Goodman in 2004 and has worked in sales and marketing, as a branch manager, and as a regional pricing manager. He will work directly with the Ontario branch teams and territory sales managers in developing business opportunities while continuing to work on marketing and pricing for Canada. Also at Goodman, LISA SMELT has been appointed branch manager of the company’s new London, Ont., branch. Lisa began her career with Goodman in 2008 and progressed through the company’s branch manager trainee program.

BOB EMMELL has been named vice-president of sales and marketing at Selkirk Canada Corporation. He has more than 17 years of sales management experience, and has previously acted as territory manager and vicepresident of sales and customer service for Selkirk.

CCTF Corporation has hired RORY COUGHLIN as product manager, tube fittings, with primary responsibility as instrumentation tube fitting and valve specialist responsible for Tylok fittings. He will work out of the company’s Burlington, Ont., office.

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Wolf Steel has hired WILLIAM (BILL) HARRIS as director of sales for its HVAC division. He has 20 years of progressive sales management experience. Reporting to Wolfgang Schroeter, Bill will be responsible for planning and implementing the sales and marketing programs for the company’s HVAC line in North America.

Zurn Canada has added the role of product management support to business development manager MARK BARWOOD’s (TOP) portfolio. Mark will be the point person for technical enquiries regarding all Wilkins and Zurn Pex products. BRYON KEATS (MIDDLE) has assumed the position of business development manager for Western Canada. He is based in Calgary and will promote the full product line from Saskatchewan to British Columbia. DOUG DYER (BOTTOM) recently retired as product manager for Wilkins and Zurn Pex products. Doug, who has become a national resource for backflow knowledge, will continue to offer his expertise as a product consultant for Zurn working on special projects.

Superior Radiant Products has appointed MEL SAUVÉ to the position of business development manager. Mel has more than 30 years of experience selling highly engineered products for industrial companies in Canada, the U.S. and in international markets.

Yorkland Controls has hired SUSAN PETER as product specialist for energy services. Experienced in the energy services field, Susan will support customers in their implementation of energy analysis software to analyze building energy use.

Hired someone lately? DAVE HARRISON has been appointed regional sales manager, Canada, for Roth Industries. Dave has almost 20 years of plumbing, heating, design and sales experience in the wholesale sector. He has training in HVAC, hydronics, and geothermal installation and design. Dave will be based out of Smiths Falls, Ont. B u s i n e s s

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Let the mechanical world know through the pages of Mechanical Business. To have your company’s personnel announcements included, free of charge, in an upcoming edition of Mechanical Business, simply send a note and a few details, to adam.freill@mechanicalbusiness.com.

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Profile

David Weishuhn: Life in the fast lane Taking advantage of the opportunity to give back is a running theme for Blue Flame Heating & Air Conditioning president David Weishuhn. When a hockey league was in need of referees, he stepped forward as an opportunity to give back to the game. When the Toronto chapter of HRAI

Q A

How did you get started in the industry?

Q A Q A

My father worked very hard to develop Blue Flame and the business was therefore a piece of my childhood growing up.

Q A

Was the expectation that you would take over someday? I wanted to succeed on my own and set off on my own path. After 10 years of success working as an engineer in the high-tech sector of Ottawa, I was ready to then come back to Toronto and work in the family business.

Q A

You are an electrical engineer. How has that helped the business? Originally, I expected that the engineering skills would not be that applicable to this business but as I got involved in the HVAC trade and experienced the rapid pace of changing technology, I found the technical background of my engineering degree to be a great help to me with the company.

What’s the company’s relationship with Direct Energy? Back in 1999, when Enbridge was unbundling, many companies were acquired. In my case, we partnered, or franchised, with Enbridge Home Services. People would say that my business was purchased, but I tell them, “No, I gave it away for free.” What do you enjoy most about the industry? I like the involvement with other industry people that you get when you contribute to a group such as HRAI. It is also rewarding that you are helping homeowners with the essential pieces of equipment in their home to deliver their living comfort.

What are a few of your accomplishments of which you are the most proud?

Photo: Lou Recine

BIO Name: David Weishuhn Company: Blue Flame Heating & Air Conditioning Corporate Office Location: North York, Ont. Title: President Age: 53 Wife: Laurie Resides in: Etobicoke, Ont. Joined the industry: As a student in the late ’70s; full-time in 1990. Association involvement: In addition to being immediate past-chair of HRAI Contractors Division – Toronto Chapter, David participates at several levels of HRAI, is active in code and regulatory committees, and is a member of a number of professional engineering organizations. In 2009, he received the Gearld Inch Award for Chapter Leadership from HRAI.

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was in need of a chairman, he was there again, this time giving back to the industry where his family has been earning a living for decades. An electrical engineer, we caught up with him, and his favourite piece of electronic equipment, his Tesla Roadster.

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Successfully operating a family business as the second generation leader is very rewarding. It is a scary proposition to take the reins of an established business and try not to run it into the ground. I am very proud of the great management team we have assembled and developed from within. These are caring, dedicated professionals who do their utmost to look after our customers and the success of the business.

In the driver’s seat: Why did you opt for the Tesla Roadster? This car is an electrical engineer’s dream car. Also, I have tried to be environmentally responsible – our business fleet has used a Malibu hybrid, a Smart car and our quality assurance director drives a branded Prius. This car is the beginning of a new revolution in driving. Some call the Tesla Roadster “The Tree Hugger’s Ferrari.” What do you like most about the car? It makes people smile. It generates a lot of questions wherever I go. I just wish my wife would let me drive it more. I spend a lot of time riding in the passenger seat. The Tesla Roadster 0 to 60: 3.7 seconds Top speed: 125 mph Efficiency: 135 Wh/km Mileage per charge: 393 km Motor: 248 hp Torque: 200 ft-lb.

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B y Go r d C o o ke

HUMIDITY CONTROL:

A YEAR-ROUND PROPOSITION inding the right moisture balance in the air in a building is such a fickle thing. Too little and we are complaining about dry skin, static electricity and cracked hardwood flooring. Too much and we have musty, mouldy basements, condensation on windows, and sweaty, sleepless summer nights. Finding and keeping that ideal moisture balance in homes and buildings seems to be getting more and more difficult. Just an article or two ago I was writing about the need for large capacity steam humidifiers for a new office building to match the moisture loss from relatively high winter ventilation rates. Now that same ventilation rate in summer will induce annoying amounts of moisture into the indoor air that the air conditioning coils are not designed to remove. Our homes and buildings are changing, and the

Gord Cooke is a professional engineer who has spent 20 years helping builders and HVAC contractors implement innovative technologies into highperformance homes. He has particular expertise in IAQ and air flow management in houses, and can be contacted at gcooke@airsolutions.ca.

35%

WHATâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S THE RIGHT HUMIDITY TARGET?

50% 20

In a previous article I noted a good lower limit target in winter was 35%, assuming all other airborne contaminants are kept at a low level. In summer in most parts of Canada, maintaining humidity at or below 50% is a good target, again the lower the better, but itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s difficult and expensive in the Great Lakes region or on the coasts to get below 50%.

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expectations of occupants continue to rise. In much the same way that we see more and more high-performance humidifiers being added to homes and buildings to fine tune humidity control in winter, there is a need for separate and specific dehumidification capacity for the damp, cool spring and warm humid summers in homes, commercial offices and institutional buildings. There is an increasing opportunity for HVAC contractors to meet the everincreasing expectations of homeowners and occupants for comfortable, healthy, efficient buildings. Moisture management is a year round business opportunity. Measure and monitor humidity levels and make your clients aware of the opportunity to control it in the critical humid spring and summer months with properly-sized dehumidification equipment.

WATCHINGtheRATIOS In commercial and institutional buildings, the overriding issue is often the latent loads due to people and ventilation, and more specifically the change in the ratio of latent to sensible loads that has occurred as buildings get more energy efficient. As insulation levels increase and high performance glass reduces sensible heat gain into buildings, the ratio of sensible to latent load in buildings changes. The air conditioning coils in commercial air handling equipment, such as a standard packaged rooftop heating and cooling unit, typically have a sensible to latent capacity ratio of 70:30. That is, a five-ton unit is designed to remove 3.5 tons of sensible heat and 1.5 tons of latent heat from the airstream.

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• Wa t c h i n g t h e r a t i o s • Go in g d u ct ed in t h e b asem en t

GOING DUCTED IN THE

BASEMENT

In homes, humidity is first and foremost about basements – you know, those holes in the ground in which we used to bang hockey pucks against the bare concrete walls but have now finished to house home theaters, extensive play rooms, teenager bedrooms or apartment units. These cool spaces, surrounded by damp, cool soils, have always had higher moisture levels, but it’s the addition of mould-susceptible materials like drywall, carpets and particle board cabinetry and furniture, that requires greater attention to humidity control.

MONITOR,

Unfortunately, the critical time for dehumidification is when that cool, damp spring weather hits, you know, when the air conditioning units aren’t running yet. Moreover, most of the portable dehumidifiers are designed to extract moisture from much warmer summer air and aren’t very efficient at dehumidifying cooler ambient air in the spring.

AND SHOW YOUR WORK

So while CMHC rightfully advises that Canadian homeowners need a dehumidifier for their basements, professional HVAC contractors should be offering clients the better option of ducted, whole-house dehumidifiers that work at lower ambient temperatures. These ducted units also supplement air conditioning capacity in the summer by removing the latent component directly from the air stream, helping maintain more comfortable conditions on hot, humid nights. The added convenience of not having to trip over that portable, noisy dehumidifier, or empty buckets of water every few days, may also be reason enough for your deserving clients to have a professionally installed and controlled moisture management system to enable worry-free use of their new “lower living” level.

However, the sensible to latent ratio of outside air (ventilation air) on a warm, humid day (30°C and 60% RH) conditioned to a comfortable 23°C and 50% RH represents a ratio of 30:70, or 30 per cent sensible and 70 per cent latent load. Thus, in a very efficient office or school building with high occupancy loads and therefore high ventilation loads, it will be critical to supplement traditional air conditioning equipment with specific dehumidification strategies. With the ventilation load, an energy recovery ventilation system would help reduce the latent load of ventilation, but in the end a separate dehumidification system is going to become an important element of HVAC systems in many commercial buildings – especially those with high occupancy and/or high ventilation loads.

As with all HVAC issues, start by measuring and monitoring the building you work in. Relative humidity is pretty easy and cost effective to track. Many new thermostat controls have humidity sensors built in. Encourage customers to move towards these multi-function devices and then remind your customers to get used to looking at them periodically. With a bit of experience and know-how, they’ll be able to see what the moisture levels are when they are in their “comfort level.” Some web-based thermostat controls can generate a graphical report of humidity over time for clients. In addition, every HVAC contractor should have a good digital humidity sensor with them at all times. Check levels in spaces and in air streams on every visit, and especially during swing seasons like the spring, and in the hot, humid months – to be sure the HVAC equipment installed is also providing humidity control. Better yet, buy a few simple data-logging devices to capture minute-by-minute temperature and humidity levels over a two to three-week period and send a report to your clients showing them any imbalances of moisture levels in parts of their homes, offices or schools.

Again, ducted, central dehumidification equipment would be the best choice, and it can be sized to target those known occupant and ventilation latent loads.

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LEAK DETECTION

B y M ar t y S ilver m an

FINDING

Marty Silverman is the marketing manager with General Pipe Cleaners. He can be reached at marty@drainbrain.com.

The most common indicators of a domestic water leak are a dramatic increase in a water bill or hearing water running all the time. If obvious evidence of a major water leak, like “ponding” or loud leak sounds are absent, it’s time to start a water leak survey. Using a probe and a water leak locator, survey the hydrants and main valves. If the sound of a leak is found at one location, check lines running in all directions from that point. The leak location is usually found between the loudest and second loudest survey locations. Leak location is complicated by the fact that the leak is not likely to be found in the bathroom sink down the hall. Expect to find it buried below concrete, and six feet of water-saturated ground. To locate a water leak like this, it is necessary to filter out all the distracting noises, like traffic, wind, air conditioning compressors, and so forth. Sophisticated water leak locators do more than just amplify the leak noise, they filter out the ambient continues on page 24

Tips from the pros

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“I can’t take a leak.” “That’s why I only use Dahl valves.” Nothing makes my blood boil like going back on a job to replace a leaky valve that’s caused water damage. I just can’t stand it, and now I don’t have to because I’m using Dahl valves, covered by a 25-year warranty. With Dahl on our trucks, I sleep better at night. Interested? E-mail us at sales@dahlvalve.com. Or visit us at www.dahlvalve.com

Made in Canada. Really.

LEAK DETECTION

continued from page 22

noise using a digital spectrum analyzer, which mutes other sounds that interfere with leak location. They do this by using a combination of audio filters to muffle other sounds. The more filters a leak locator has, the wider its range. Leak locators use specially designed sensors that listen for the gurgling or hammering of a cracked pipe below ground. A ground sensor locates through hard surfaces like concrete, asphalt, and tile. A probe sensor picks up leaks through soft surfaces such as grass or carpet, or it can be used as a contact probe on above ground pipes or hydrants. Both should have shock resistant housings to reduce unwanted noise. And while you want the locator unit to pick up some sounds, there are noises that can do damage to the userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hearing, so always use a leak locator with a safety switch to protect from sudden loud noises.

The process: STEP-BY-STEP 1. Start by setting the filters to 700 Hz low and 1,500 Hz high, the most common leak sound frequency. 2. Make direct contact with all sink lines, hot water heater lines and hose bibs. This will provide a general location of the leak. 3. Once the general location is found, attach the appropriate sensor for the surface. 4. Start the pinpoint process by moving the sensor directly over the water line in one-foot increments. As you get closer to the actual leak, the sound will increase in the headphones and the LED meter indicator. 5. Once the leak has been pinpoint ed, mark the location. That should be within one foot of the leak. 6. If the leak sound isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t loud enough for positive location, or outside noise is interfering, use a sound amplifier.

Tips from the pros

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• A s t e p - b y - s t e p p r o cess • Th e t yp e o f p ip e m at t er s

The type of pipe matters The loudness and frequency of leak noise is affected by water pressure, pipe material, soil density and type, depth of the pipe, and type of surface. The higher the water pressure, the louder the leak sounds will be. Knowing the type of pipe is helpful. Metal pipes transmit sounds at a higher frequency. In cast iron, copper and st eel pipes, you are most likely to hear leak sounds in the range of 500 Hz to 1,500 Hz. In PVC pipe, leak sounds resonate in the range of 70 Hz to 850 Hz.

MAIN LINE SOUND TRANSMISSION CHART PIPE MATERIAL

PIPE DIAMETER

MAXIMUM DISTANCE

Cast Iron

500 to 1,000 feet

PVC Pipe

200 to 300 feet

Pipe size, regardless of pipe material, affects frequency and sound levels as well. Water leaks from larger pipes transmit less sound and at lower frequencies than smaller pipes.

Choosing the right combination of high-end and low-end filtering will remove the extraneous noises of equipment, wind, traffic, etc.

Loose or sandy soil, swampy or water-saturated areas, as well as newly buried pipe produce muf fled leak sounds that can be harder to find. Thus, a pipe that’s been leaking for some time will absorb the leak vibrations making it much more difficult to find. Pipe in hard or rocky ground transmits leak sounds best. The deeper the pipe, the harder it will be to find the leak because soil absorbs leak sounds quickly. It’s difficult to find leaks in lines buried deeper than eight feet. To find leaks in deeper lines, the water pressure must be increased to amplify the sound.

The leak vibration travels down the length of the pipe as well. In 6” cast iron main lines, leaks can be detected as far as 1,000 feet away, while a 6” PVC pipe may only transmit the vibration 200 to 300 feet down the line. The probe must be placed directly on the pipe wall to detect the leak at these distances.

The surface material also will affect the amplification of leak noises. A hard surface like concrete will resonate with the sound of a leak for five to 10 feet around the water pipe, while grass and earth do not assist in the amplification of leak noise. Select the proper sensor for the surface on which you are locating.

FREQUENCY CHART TYPE OF PIPE

LOW FREQUENCY

HIGH FREQUENCY

Cast Iron

500 Hz

1,500 Hz

PVC Pipe

70 Hz

850 Hz

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INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION

The

In order to achieve higher refrigerant mass flow rates without resorting to a multiple compressor scenario, larger compressor displacements are required. Screw compressors are available from several manufacturers, and are available in displacements that are unmatched by reciprocating and scroll compressors. Screws also offer advantages, such as durability, flexibility and small system footprint.

Refrigerant in the oil First, it is important to understand that refrigerant is being constantly compressed by the rotors. However, the rotors and rotor housings are designed to have a layer of oil on them in order to prevent direct contact of the metal surfaces. In fact, in a twin-screw compressor, the female rotor is actually driven by the oil film. Similarly, the gate-rotors of a single-screw compressor have an oil film between them. Direct contact of rotor and inner-housing surfaces will reduce the life of the compressor.

Some screw compressors even use oil pumps to ensure adequate oil flow. Since there are no working valves, such as those found in reciprocating compressors, sufficient oil viscosity is needed in order to achieve the desired compression ratio.

Since there is always a certain amount of refrigerant in the oil, the initial refrigerant-free viscosity of the oil approved for use by the compressor manufacturer will be higher. During operation, the oil absorbs refrigerant and the viscosity is brought down to the normal level needed for reliable compressor operation.

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As with any flooded or direct expansion refrigeration system, proper lubrication is essential. Optimum heat transfer in the heat exchangers must also be ensured. Screw compressors require relatively large oil flow rates in order to provide adequate screw compressor lubrication and dynamic sealing of the rotors. For example, a 23,000 CFH twinscrew compressor that uses system differential pressures to circulate oil through the rotors may use about 20 gpm (U.S.) in a low-temperature application.

Some of the refrigerant will be absorbed by the oil during compression. This is very normal but must be taken into consideration as even small quantities of refrigerant can significantly reduce the oil viscosity. The amount of refrigerant contained in the oil depends on the refrigerant-oil mixture characteristics, along with the operating conditions.

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Management Challenge ndustrial refrigeration systems require high refrigerant flow rates. This is simple in concept, however, the reality is that these higher refrigerant flow rates donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t necessarily come without added system complexity. For example, oil management tends to become a more serious challenge within many large industrial systems.

Phil Boudreau is the Ontario sales manager for Bitzer Canada Inc. and provides training and technical support for Bitzerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s clientele. Phil is also a refrigeration instructor at Humber College in Toronto, Ontario. He can be contacted at pboudreau@bitzer.ca.

B y P h il J. B o udreau

continued on page 28

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top performer

Industry-leading Genetron® Performax™ LT refrigerant is the clear leader in its field. If your bottom line is a better bottom line, no other supermarket refrigerant comes close. From keeping fresh food fresher longer to energy savings to eco-friendly performance, the list of reasons to choose Genetron® Performax™ LT over R-438A or R-407A refrigerants goes on and on. Genetron Performax LT offers industry-leading capacity, industry-leading efficiency and low GWP values versus other popular supermarket refrigerants. This saves money in new installations and in R-22 retrofit projects. Plus, a mass flow that identically matches R-22, eliminates expensive expansion valve changes and adjustments in retrofit applications while maintaining superheat performance which protects costly compressors. So go with the gold standard. Go with Genetron Performax LT.

Maximize Performance with Performax LT.

Brenntag Canada Inc. Exclusive distributor of Genetron® refrigerants in Canada Ontario & Western Canada: Tel. No. (416) 243-9615 Fax: (416) 243-9731 Quebec & Maritime Provinces: Tel. No. (514) 636-9230 Fax: (514) 636-8229 To learn more, call 800-631-8138 or visit www.genetronperformaxlt.com. © 2010 Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.

INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION

Liquid injection:

AN ECONOMICAL OPTION

Liquid injection is considered to be a very economical approach to oil cooling. However, there is an important limitation that must be considered when using this technique. As the liquid refrigerant mixes with the oil, the oil viscosity will decrease. Therefore, liquid injection techniques must be used with caution. Imagine the screw compressor rotors turning at high speed. When the refrigerant is injected directly into the rotors, as it normally would be, it is quickly discharged into the oil separator. It may do a little work within the compression area, but it will finish its job within the oil separator. In the bottom of the oil separator, the oil absorbs heat from the refrigerant. This cools the oil and also reduces its viscosity somewhat. With too much liquid, the oil viscosity will decrease to an unacceptable level. As such, the compressor manufacturer should always be consulted prior to optioning to use liquid injection. And remember, the discharge temperature of a screw compressor will increase if oil supply is too low. Liquid injection, however, tends to oppose this effect by quenching the discharge gas with liquid. It is important to have a means of determining when oil supply is too low on systems using liquid injection, otherwise the problem will go unnoticed until an inevitable compressor failure occurs.

Oil Cooling

In order to ensure that the oil viscosity is high enough, and to prevent excessive discharge temperature, the oil is sometimes cooled before it is returned to the compressor. Low temperature refrigeration systems generally require oil cooling, especially with non-economized systems. Oil coolers are installed to return the oil to the desired oil injection temperature. When compared to HFC refrigerants, the discharge temperature of ammonia systems is much higher. Lubricant failure can occur at temperatures above 300°F or 150°C. Also, the viscosity will be too low. Oil cooling is even required on medium temperature ammonia systems.

OIL & REFRIGERANT RECTIFICATION In order to return the oil from flooded evaporators, it is necessary to remove the oil from the upper area of the evaporator. Since HFC and POE are miscible, the boundary line between the oil and refrigerant is not clearly defined. For example, the top few inches of the evaporator will likely have a higher oil concentration. Within this area, the concentration will usually be higher at the very top. In order to return the oil back to the compressor lubrication circuit, oil is skimmed from the top few inches or so of the mixture. Since there is no way of knowing exactly how much oil is present, the skimming process will also remove liquid refrigerant along with the oil. In these situations, an oil rectification circuit is required. If the refrigerant is not removed before the oil is returned to the oil circuit then the viscosity of the oil will be reduced.

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DEGASSING THE OIL When industrial systems are permitted to be off for lengthy periods of time, it is important to ensure that the system’s oil mass is adequately degassed, and even heated, to ensure proper viscosity prior to subsequent start-up. There are a few techniques which are very effective. Under high pressure and low temperature, large quantities of refrigerant will travel into the oil. Since the oil separator holds a substantial quantity of oil that will ultimately end up in the compressor at some point, it may be degassed during the offcycle. This may be accomplished by installing a check valve just after the oil separator, along with a vent line between the oil separator or compressor discharge to suction. This vent line is then opened during compressor shut-down.

OIL IN THE EVAPORATOR In NH3 (ammonia) systems, the oil (usually mineral) is generally immiscible with and denser than the refrigerant. Flooded evaporators are most commonly used in order to optimize heat exchanger efficiency while reducing the return gas temperature and resulting discharge temperature. Some oil will always enter the evaporator, regardless of the type of system and oil separator used. Flooded evaporators tend to trap oil and allow it to accumulate. This oil must be returned to the main oil circuit at some point. This can be accomplished on an intermittent or even on a continuous basis. NH3 systems are typically designed a little different than HFC systems. Since the oil in an NH3 system has a higher density than the oil, it will settle to the bottom of the evaporator and must be periodically drained and returned to the compressor oil circuit. Flooded systems generally require a highly-efficient oil separation process. With NH3 systems, this will increase the required time interval between evaporator oil-drain cycles while maximizing heat exchange.

Photos courtesy of HGTV Canada

Scott’s top 5 ROI renovations • Converting a house into two units (150% ROI) • Kitchen upgrades • Bathroom renovations • Fixture replacements • Changing the flooring

Cover Story

By Adam Freill

sk Scott McGillivray, host and executive producer of HGTV’s Income Property, about the renovations that make him shuder most and he’s quick to offer up the bathroom.

Name: Scott McGillivray Title: Host/Executive Producer Show: Income Property Time: Thursdays at 9 p.m. on HGTV On the web: scottmcgillivray.com

“Bathroom renovations are the number 1 reason for having to do a major renovation,” he said during our recent chat. “It’s water damage, it’s mould, it’s rot, it’s stink, it’s no venting – people screw up the bathrooms the most. It’s my pet peeve.”

He says that a few, simple preventative measures and choices would go a long way. “I don’t know how many tub and shower surrounds I’ve ripped out with drywall behind them – even in the past 10 years.” Opting for slightly more expensive cement board would help combat the mould problems he sees time and time again. And once he’s into a bathroom renovation, don’t expect him to stop at the main washroom. “If I’m going to do the main bathroom, I’m

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going to do the powder room with it,” he says. “Even if you just switch out the toilet and the vanity, you are going to do yourself a big favour, and those are the easiest things to do in a washroom. A toilet takes 20 minutes. That’s not renovation; that’s swap-out.” McGillivray got into the real estate investment game while attending university in Guelph, Ont. He was struggling to find a room to rent for his final year of studies, and several of his friends were dealing with the same concern. “In class, I had professors explaining that, in an ideal scenario, whenever there is a gap between supply and demand there’s usually a business opportunity,” he says. “I started doing the math, interviewing real estate agents, other landlords, mortgage brokers and lawyers, to do my due diligence as part of a business plan.” Lacking funds, McGillivray and a roommate pooled their resources and used their student loans as the down payment on a five bedroom home. Given the tight rental market, the partners had no problem finding renters for the additional three bedrooms. “Their rent covered the mortgage and property taxes and insurance,” he says. “At the end of the year, we looked at the business plan and said, if we are not living here, we would be making $800 to $900 a month cash flow.” So he spent that summer f inishing the basement of that house, adding rooms and an additional washroom, so they could repeat the process the following year. “That was my summer job that year – I was a carpenter, but not a licensed contractor at that time, so I hir ed an electrician and a plumber to help with the washroom and the electrical.”

“When I started getting into real estate investing I found that my skills were probably one of my most valuable assets as an investor.” McGillivray currently owns more than 100 rental properties, in Canada and the U.S., and shares his real estate philosophy with homeowners looking to become landlords on Income Property on HGTV, as well as through live speaking engagements via Lifetime Wealth Academy, a professional real estate training organization that he helped to found.

We’ve all seen the home-flipping shows where renovators storm in and, over a span of a few days or weeks, they take a dilapidated house and stage it to look good for a quick sell. When it comes to long-term investing, making a property pretty is not enough. “You cannot cut corners,” advises McGillivray. “You need things to last. There’s no money if your tenants are calling you to do maintenance all the time.” He prefers smart, savvy renovations that are “durable as hell.” That does not mean that you need to throw endless amounts of money at a project, however. “You learn how to save money,” he says. “It is okay to be thrifty on some products. It doesn’t have to be super-high-end, but it does have to be built to last.” Getting the biggest bang for the buck extends beyond just renovating. It also affects the performance and utility bills at his properties. McGillivray had low-flow plumbing fixtures installed in most of his properties, and took advantage of a number of incentive and grant programs aimed at improving the energy efficiency of the houses over the past few years. “My renters loved it. We were able to upgrade the properties at a reduced cost, and it reduced the utility bills as well. These were a great deal.”

Home repair HORROR Having bought and renovated more than 100 properties, we asked Scott about the worst repair job he’s ever endured on a jobsite. Here’s what he came up with. (Oh, and sorry if you are reading this in the lunch room.)

“

I bought a property that had a lot of land, and it was on a septic. There was no main floor bathroom, but there was a kitchen sink that was backing up and the shower was not draining. I got somebody in to snake the lines, and to scope the lines, but the y said they could not get through the blockage. I figured there’s nothing else we can do but open the cleanout, so I got a couple of my guys, and we got a few big bins with garbage bags ready, and I said I was going to loosen it and let it dr ain. Well, I’m cranking on it – you have to remember, the house is from the 1940s and that thing has ne ver been removed, and the copper is corroded. I’m twisting on this thing and all the sudden, snap, the whole piece snaps off. I broke the copper. And the whole stack through the whole house was full. It was like a fire hose. The garbage bag was shot across the room. We took about 10 steps back, wiping out in the se wage. The septic tank was full as well, and that started emptying into the house. I was trying to plug this thing up with anything I could, my hands, my shirt, anything.

“

Eager to learn, he shadowed every pro on the jobsite, and learned as he went. “I worked with the drywalling team, the mudding and taping team, even the electricians and the plumbers. I asked a million questions,” he laughs. “I must have been the most annoying homeowner on the planet, but I was in there.

Renovation advice for rental properties

We just ended up letting the thing drain, and ended up with six inches of sewage in the basement of the house. It was one of the most horrifying experiences of my life. M e c h a n i c a l

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Now available

2011 National Energy Code for Buildings The new model code • Provides energy efﬁciency improvements (25% on average over the 1997 edition) for almost all types of buildings • Contains 245 technical changes that address new technologies and construction practices • Is supported by the Government of Canada’s ecoENERGY initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Get the facts • Order a print or electronic copy at www.nrc.gc.ca/virtualstore • Visit www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca for free presentations on the most signiﬁcant changes • Call 613-993-2463 (Ottawa-Gatineau area and outside Canada) or 1-800-672-7990 from anywhere else in Canada The Code is published by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and was prepared by the Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes in partnership with Canada’s provinces and territories. NRC and Natural Resources Canada provided funding and technical support.

The 2011 National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings provides model energy efﬁciency requirements for almost all types of buildings, except smaller buildings and housing covered in Part 9 of the National Building Code of Canada. Energy efﬁciency requirements for smaller buildings and housing are scheduled to be published in late 2012.

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C O NT E NT S

F E AT U R E S

40GUEST EDITORIAL Are you a Beautiful Heat contractor yet?

44PIPING Smart, efficient nearboiler piping Mike Breault

Hans Kircher

58HYDRONICS IQ Are you ready for some football? David Hughes and Warren Hyde

HYDRONIC-IZING GEO:

AN EXCHANGE OF KNOWLEDGE

42GEOTHERMAL

Bob “Hot Rod” Rohr

60FLUIDS When do I need glycol? Eric Riml 64PUMPS To affinity and beyond Rodney Brandon

66SUSTAINABILITY Greening the Evergreen Brick Works Christopher Makarewicz

EXPLORING THE DEPTHS

P R O D U C T S 48,68Hydronics

54THERMAL MASS

The effect of tube depth and slab thickness on radiant heating performance Jerry Leyte and JeanMarie Breault

D E P A R T M E NT S 38From the editor’s desk 50Find the Fix 52ROAD WARRIOR: Tibor Kovacs

On the cover: The radiant floor heating system in his family’s flat in London got T ibor Kovacs hooked on hydronics from the age of seven. Photo: David Chidley

Content Media Group Inc.

FROM

19 – 1525 Cornwall Road

THE

EDITOR’S

DESK

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Accepting favours and finding efficiency

Tel: 905.465.2919 Fax: 905.465.2913 www.mechanicalbusiness.com Editor: Adam Freill, ext. 224 adam.freill@mechanicalbusiness.com

If someone told you that they wanted to help you find new customers, and that they didn’t want anything more from you for their efforts than what you are doing with your business right now, would you take them up on the offer?

National Accounts Manager: Laura Goodwin, Ext. 221 laura.goodwin@mechanicalbusiness.com

What if they said all it would take is 20 minutes of your time, and no, there is not going to be a sales pitch for time-shares at the end of the 20 minutes? Still good?

Controller: Liz Mills liz.mills@mechanicalbusiness.com

Then why not turn the page and learn more about the Beautiful Heat program from Hans Kircher. Twenty minutes could land you some decent business.

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Speaking of efficient use of time, this edition of WHAT is all about getting the most out of the hydronic systems you are designing and installing. From looking at how tube depth can benefit thick-slab projects on page 54, to using affinity laws to reduce energy consumption of your pumps (page 64), we’ve got the experts sharing information about how to make best use of components, tools and supplies to help keep your customers warm and productive throughout the year. There’s a lot of trepidation in the marketplace nowadays, but consumers can be sold on a better value proposition than simply the upfront price of a system – with proper direction, many will look at things like system longevity, performance and ongoing energy costs. And that value proposition is further enhanced when you can show that a little expertise, from the right contractor, can save them a lot of money down the road.

editorial. The publisher reserves the right to publish a printed correction

Enjoy the read,

in a subsequent issue for editorial errors, omissions and oversights. © Copyright 2012. The contents of this magazine may not be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission of the publisher.

Adam Freill, Editor

Our Mission: Partnering with professionals to create better human environments. 38

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Mike Miller, Business Development Manager

Simply Controls At Uponor, we believe that our controls offerings provide the most innovative solutions in the industry. This commitment is reinforced by the people who represent our product. People like Mike Miller, a controls expert who shares his extensive knowledge and experience with our customers. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s that commitment to customers and innovation that helps to ensure we deliver results that exceed your expectations.

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Photo: David Chidley

Are you a Beautiful Heat contractor yet? he Canadian Hydronics Council (CHC) and Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada (HRAI) have now provided Beautiful Heat with their lists of contractors and contractor member companies that are involved in radiant home heating, bringing the total number of qualified contractors to more than 700 in our database.

Beautiful Heat, an alliance of 11 hydronic equipment manufacturers, is dedicated to promoting the energy and health benefits of hydronic systems. Beautiful Heat’s mission is to raise awareness and knowledge through marketing and education campaigns directed at consumers, installers and suppliers of heating and cooling systems. The advertising campaign has already started, with a two-page advertisement in four consecutive issues of Canadian House and Home — Canada’s largest consumer home design and decorating magazine. Public relations efforts have also generated hundreds of print and web-based stories from coast-to-coast. And radio interviews have aired in major markets across the country. CHC and HRAI’s support has gone a long way in linking qualified contractors with motivated and informed consumers. These contractors are included on our website at www.beautifulheat.com, making it possible for educated and informed consumers to find qualified contractors for the installation of their radiant home heating system. Radiant heating has long been considered the best form of home heating available. Today's modern radiant systems are the right answer for homeowners looking for the healthiest, most cost effective and environmentally friendly heating option; and the right answer for contractors who need a proven, reliable system that makes their customers happy.

Complete the registration process Contractors who have been included in Beautiful Heat’s contractor database through the CHC and HRAI direct-listing program still have one more step before they are officially part of the program. They must complete an online training course by April 30, 2012. This simple, no-charge registration and orientation process is to ensure they understand what the campaign is about. It only takes 20 minutes, and it will ensure that they are equipped to support the key messages that consumers are hearing through our targeted advertising, public relations and web-based campaign. Contractors and installers who have not been included through this direct listing can also join by visiting the website at www.beautifulheat.com and completing a simple registration process. To be approved for inclusion, however, you must also be a member of either CHC, HRAI, Thermal Environmental Comfort Association (TECA) or Canadian Oil Heat Association (COHA).

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Beautiful Heat is a notfor-profit organization dedicated to promoting the benefits of radiant home heating systems. It is comprised of a select group of Canadian manufacturers of radiant hydronic home heating products.

The Murelle HE provides domestic hot water on demand and central heating in one compact unit. Wall hung for the ultimate in space efficiency, this fully modulating unit comes complete with built-in circulator, expansion tank and air eliminator and is up to 97% (condensing) efficient. Known worldwide as “The Intelligent Combi”, the Murelle HE is multi-zone capable, features a solar-ready PCB board and hosts a stainless steel heat exchanger covered by a 10-year warranty. PVC vent pipe approved, this contractor-friendly combi boiler is A.S.M.E and Energy Star certified. Call us today, or visit us online, for more information.

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Geothermal

HYDRONIC-IZING GEO:

AN EXCHANGE OF KNOWLEDGE On rare occasions I will pick up the copy of the Vogue magazine my wife buys when she is traveling*. If Vogue reported on the mechanical industry, the cover would be awash with geothermal (geo for short).

HYDRONIC GEO-ENHANCEMENTS Here is what the hydronics industry can bring to the party to enhance the geothermal industry: • Hydronic installers, engineers and designers know how to tame the water or fluid flow and put it to work; • Hydronic folk understand the concept of air and dirt removal and how critical it is to the performance and longevity of a piping system; • They understand flow balancing and how to assemble a cluster of loops together to get the best performance; • They understand thermal expansion and contraction; and • They have years of experience sizing and installing circulators.

I end up at a lot of tradeshows these days, so I’m in a good position to see a trend. Without a doubt, geothermal (or geo-exchange in some circles) is a technology that is definitely en vogue. Everyone is mesmerized by the concept. Manufacturers of all stripes have added geo offerings. Some have even dressed them up in consumer-friendly jacketing, giving them a European designer look. I’ve always been a proponent of waterbased heat distribution. I like solar thermal, and I embrace every water-based heat emitter and generator known to man. But this old dog is still willing to learn some new tricks. I like the fact that a fluid can be involved in transferring energy from the ground. And that energy can be transferred to or from a body of water to a building. So I see a great opportunity for the geo and hydronic folks to talk and share. The geothermal industry currently has the power of the “buzz” on its side. The hydronic pros have unique knowledge of how to wrangle optimum BTUs from the fluid side. There should be no question that we all need to design and deliver comfort systems. Heating and cooling a building is not enough. We need to humidify, de-humidify and provide air changes. With better insulation and tight construc-

*An aside from Bob: I’m as far from a fashion expert as one could imagine, but I do recognize a trend when I see one. Hair seems to be the talk in the fashion circles – some sort of “bob” thing is going around. Not surprisingly, many of those glossy mags in the airports all tend to show the same phenomenon, and, as one might expect, many of the female dos floating down the concourses look a lot like the ones in the magazines. So which comes first, the chicken or the egg? Do the magazine writers “propose” a new look and everyone flocks to the stylist to be part of the trend? Or does a super model go out on a limb and start the ball rolling, and the disciples follow? Then again, I also remember seeing that exact hairdo back in the 1960s. It’s hard to forget a hairdo that shares your name. So the bob hairstyle is not really new, probably just much more expensive. But I digress.

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by Bob ‘Hot Rod’ Rohr

New, And Popular Again I have noticed that any seminar with a word starting in “Geo” is standing-room-only.

tion, indoor air quality (IAQ) becomes a very important piece of the puzzle. Heat recovery, or exchange, may need to be part of the comfort system. So the air side and the hydronic side could benefit from an alliance to learn from one another.

It seems geo today is what radiant was in

The hydronics side of the industry can bring knowledge of air and dirt removal, and of hydraulic separators. We have a wide selection of flow setters, expansion tanks, smart circulators, buffer tanks, and more to share with geothermal installers. We can bring low-temperature hydronic emitters in to warm rooms, towels, ceilings, walls, countertops…you name it.

savings and benefits are quite something.

The timing for the geothermal and hydronic industries to work together could not be better. Partner up, and we hope to see your projects in the pages of Vogue, or better yet, Mechanical Business!

the 1990s. It’s now at the top of the list for homebuilders, remodels, and even homeowners looking to build or upgrade. Some of the claims regarding performance, “It has the ability to heat, cool and provide DHW from a box in the basement... It produces more energy than you put into it… Amazing!” Just like radiant in the ’90s had its hydronic roots back in the 1930s, or earlier, some of us have seen the geo concept and products before – although, like with hydronics, there have been some interesting advances in what’s now being done with earth energy. Making these new systems live up to consumer expectations will take the skills of an expert, so knowledge sharing, and experience, is extremely important.

THE POWER

Bob “Hot Rod” Rohr has been a plumbing, radiant heat and solar contractor and installer for 30 years. A long-time columnist and trainer, he is manager of training and education with Caleffi North America. You can reach Hot Rod at bob.rohr@caleffi.com.

OF THE MANIFOLD One simple hydronic-based product that the geothermal industry could benefit greatly from is the manifold. For radiant systems, we have manifolds available that can provide air removal, with either a manual or auto vent. Manifolds provide the ability to balance and observe the fluid flow. This feature could be invaluable for troubleshooting and adjusting under-performing loop fields. Temperature gauges can be installed on the supply and return manifolds. With the delta T and flow rate displayed, it is possible to calculate how many BTUs are being transferred. This could be checked for every loop to ensure all are flowing and contributing.

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Piping By Mike Breault Michael Breault is the product manager for the Radiant and Hydronic Specialties Division of Watts Water Technologies (Canada) Inc. He can be reached at mbreault@wattscanada.ca.

Modern hydronic boilers and distribution piping in heating systems have evolved in complexity over the past few decades. With this evolution, the need for proper piping design and technique has become vastly more important. While less complex systems, such as an older home with a cast iron boiler and one or two baseboard zones, were pretty forgiving to piping errors, systems that include a mix of fan coils, DHW, snowmelt, baseboard, and/or a bit of radiant aren’t nearly so tolerant. The more complex the system, the more important the correct piping becomes.

WHERE’S IT GO? The circulating pump Its suction port should be immediately downstream of the expansion tank. This is referred to as the “point of no pressure change.” This ensures that the pump’s developed head pressure is added to system fill pressure. This also helps to improve air elimination by lowering the pressure causing entrapped air to be released.

The system air separator There’s no better place for this component than at the point of highest temperature and lowest pressure. This is where dissolved gases are most likely to come out of solution, and are most easily arrested and cast out of the system. Optimally the inlet of the pump should be immediately after the air separation mechanism.

A single piping error in a more complex system, in-floor radiant for example, can lead to a system that refuses to deliver the expected comfort and efficiency, or simply just won’t work at all. This has the spinoff of poor customer satisfaction, frustrated installers, and no recommendations for that type of system, or worse, negative recommendations. The term “near-boiler piping” generally refers to the piping and system components that are installed adjacent to the boiler and connect it to the distribution piping. These components typically include the system expansion tank, a fill or pressure reducing valve, some form of air separation or elimination device, a circulator and a system purge valve. Additionally, in many modern complex systems there will be secondary systems for distribution, incorporating other controls, circulators, actuators, and so forth. It is important that all these components work together as a system. The arrangement of these components in the near-boiler piping is a critical point of consideration when installing the system and the easiest place to prevent performance problems. Not only must these components be sized properly, but to ensure maximum operating efficiency, they must be installed in specific relation to one another to ensure proper system function and performance. The near-boiler piping – like the arteries and valves nearest the heart – play an important role in seeing to it that the rest of the system gets what it needs.

continues on page 46

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SCHEMATICS Most boiler manufacturers now offer their preference for specific near-boiler piping in their boiler installation manuals. These piping and component details are often adopted from the Hydronics Institute. Following the

A Systems

Approach I was having lunch with some friends in the HVAC industry, and we were lamenting over the state of the trade. Despite all the improvements in both hydronic and forced air heating, everyone still thinks the same old way. The products are improving, efficiencies are rising, but installation techniques and methods are still stuck in an “I’ve always done it like that” mentality. How many times have you heard these ones: “Sizing? Bigger is better! There’s more capacity.” “Distribution design? Is there a rad, baseboard or duct in the room? We’re good.”

recommended piping schematics helps installers avoid myriad problems.

“Pump or fan size? The more water or air we move, the more heat we move.” In my years of attending and conducting contractor training seminars on hydronic design and installation, I’ve noticed that the old excuse of “this is the way I’ve always piped a boiler” is slowly giving way to the realization that there is indeed a “better way” to do this. If you want to install a system in the new millennium, you need to do it right. It is a part of a system, and all installations, whether new or retrofit, must be looked at in that manner – as a system.

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Check your pressure, sir?

The school of

Some boiler manufacturers show an isolation valve between the system and the expansion tank. In a modern system with the pressure relief valve installed directly on the boiler, the 100-year-old engineering directive to not place a valve there – from the days when the relief valve was installed on the expansion tank – is no longer true.

HARD KNOCKS It’s little surprise to learn that many contractors who successfully install radiant heating systems have:

A time-consuming trial and error; or in training to make sure B theinvested system goes in right and learned from a lot of expensive,

Please be aware, however, that the inclusion of a ball valve in many municipalities has restrictions to prevent accidental isolation of the expansion tank. Some jurisdictions will require that the handle is removed, or that a “pill box valve” be used – where the handle has to be pushed in to turn.

delivers the comfort and efficiency the customer expects – the first time. (This is often a result of too much of reason “A”.)

The benefit of this valve is to enable the servicing of a diaphragm-type expansion tank. A little-known fact about these tanks is that the air pre-charge must be checked annually. The only way to accurately do this is to isolate the tank from system, remove and drain it, then the air charge can be accurately measured.

DESIGN FOR TODAY, AND TOMORROW

Just like a tire on that car or truck you drive each day, a diaphragm tank, over time, can lose some of its precharge. Under-inflation in the expansion tank can lead to premature tank failure, nuisance weeping of the relief valve and pressure fluctuations caused by the pump. With the inclusion of an isolation valve, the critical service point of matching the air pre-charge to the system fill pressure becomes much easier to do.

Future servicing of the system should be considered, too. A well-designed and installed hydronic heating system will not only provide efficiency and comfort, but will also be highly serviceable.

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HYDRONIC Gas-fired boilers The DynaForce series of boilers from Camus feature stainless steel heat exchangers and thermal efficiency ratings of up to 99 per cent. Available for hydronic heating and domestic hot water heating, they are designed to operate with either natural gas or propane. They are available in sizes ranging from 300,000 to 5,000,000 BTUH with a 5:1 turndown ratio.

www. camus-hydronics.com

Solar thermal pump Requiring less than one watt of power for start-up, Bell and Gossett’s ecocirc SC solar pump features a shaftless DC spherical motor which is designed to connect directly to photovoltaic panels in a solar thermal system. It operates at a maximum working pressure of 150 psi and has an over-temperature safety device that shuts off pump electronics when fluid temperatures rise above 230˚F. The pump has a head range of nine to 10 feet and a flow rate of four to six-and-a-half gallons per minute.

www. bellgossett.com

Cold expansion connections Dahl’s mini-ball valves with ASTM F1960 cold expansion connections for PEX-A pipe are designed for potable water and radiant heating applications. The valves are available in nominal tube sizes of 3/8”, 1/2”, 5/8” and 3/4”, all certified and listed by CSA and IAPMO to adhere to ASTM F1960 standards as well as NSF 61, NSF61-G, CSA B137.5 and B125, and ASME A112.18.1.

www. dahlvalve.com

Power vent combination heater The Combi2 TTW from Bradford White-Canada is a gas-powered residential power vent system featuring an internal double wall heat exchanger, 3/4” NPT solar collector supply and return connections, and an integrated mixing device with optional water connections. It is available in two models with capacities of 170 or 272 litres and inputs ranging from 60,000 to 76,000 BTUH. The unit has a CAAFUE rating of 82 per cent.

www. bradfordwhite.com

Modulating condensing boiler Gas 310 ECO commercial and institutional boilers from De Dietrich feature a cast aluminum heat exchanger and are rated up to 99 per cent thermal efficiency. The units can operate at temperature differentials of up to 81˚F without thermal shock and have a maximum working pressure of 100 psi. They feature two separate collectors for flue gas and heat exchanger condensation, and a turndown ratio of 5:1. They are available in five sizes with outputs ranging from 962,000 to 1,955,000 BTUH.

www. dedietrichboilers.com 48

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Is It TIME2RENEW? Check your label SUB.# 123456789 - TIME2RENEW JOHN SMITH PRESIDENT ABC CONTRACTING LTD. 123 MAIN STREET TORONTO ON M1A 1A1

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Jeff House is an experienced industry professional and hydronics trainer. He handles the sales territory from the Niagara region to the Greater Toronto Area for Jess-Don Dunford, a manufacturers’ rep in Ontario. He can be reached at jhouse@jessdondunford.com.

It should have been an easy retrofit. Replace the old high mass cast iron boiler with a lightweight mid-efficient boiler. The load adds up to a need of 137,000 BTUH on the coldest days. You selected the 150,000 BTUH input, 82% efficient copper tube boiler. After multiple nonpaying callbacks, you call the manufacturer because there must be something wrong with the equipment. All the zones are piped with 3/4" supply and return lines, and the common piping at the boiler is 1” copper just like the fittings on the boiler. The heat exchanger is leaking and the boiler is only four months old. The building can’t quite get to temperature when it is cold out, and one of the zones (zone 4) is usually cooler than the others. Sometimes the zone valves really make noise like a water hammer when they close.

1. You recheck the load and it comes to 137,000 BTUH, and you selected the 150,000 BTUH input model. That should be enough. After doing the math, the boiler rep says: A) You selected the boiler based on input and it is too small. B) You should have installed the 143,500 BTUH output model. C) The 123,000 BTUH output model selected is not quite big enough on a cold day. D) All of the above. 2. You are not sure why the boiler is condensing but the rep says: A) The old boiler was a high mass and the slow start up still caused condensing but there was a lot of cast iron to corrode through. B) The boiler is set for 180°F and it is a cold start boiler but the circulating pump comes on with the burner because proper flow is mandatory with low mass boilers. C) The old cast iron boiler control would not allow the circ pump to come on until the boiler was at 140°F. D) All of the above. 3. After checking the cold zone, #4, the rep says: A) Everything looks fine. B) The pipe should be 1” in order to carry 57,000 BTUH (assuming 20°F delta T). C) The pipe size is okay (3/4”) but the near boiler piping should be 1 ¼”. D) The zone valve has a low CV and is not allowing enough water through it. 4. To get rid of the water hammer of the zone valves you decide: A) The three-speed circulator supplied with the boiler should be on low speed. B) A variable speed circulator would fix it.

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C) To follow the installation manual that says you should have installed a by-pass so that flow and temperature rise is always correct and the system should have its own circulator, and a variable speed delta T or delta P would be the best choice. D) A differential bypass valve would have fixed it.

Answer and win! WANT YOUR OWN JACKET? Just send us your answer key to this month’s puzzle by February 29th, and you could be sporting a new M12 Cordless Lithium-Ion Heated Jacket too, courtesy of Milwaukee Electric Tool. Send your answers, and jacket size (small to 3XL), to adam.freill@mechanicalbusiness.com and the jacket could be yours.

Congratulations to Luis Ugarte, an installer with Zonelife in Cambridge, Ont., a recent Find the Fix winner. He’s the proud new owner of a Milwaukee M12 Cordless Lithium-Ion Heated Jacket. Be sure to pick up the next edition of Mechanical Business to see who claims the next prize, and for the next edition of Find the Fix!

Looking for the answers? The answer key for the November/December quiz is: 1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D If you need the quiz, check it out in our issue archive at www.mechanicalbusiness.com.

ROAD WARRIOR

B y Nat alie A n n C o m eau

Favourite car: Mercedes S55

One word that describes you: Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m not that simple!

Photo: David Chidley

My rule of thumb is... I try to be as realistic and logical as possible.

When I was a kid, I wanted to be an... Airline pilot

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Wha t brou g h t y o u t o t h e t r ad es? A lack o f flo o r h eat in g in C anada

t takes more than a little persuasion to get Tibor Kovacs to talk about himself. He’s humble and unassuming – but scratch the surface and you’ll find a vibrant personality who cherishes the simple things life has to offer. The son of a diplomat, Tibor had an international upbringing. When he was seven, his family moved to a flat in London that happened to have radiant floor heating. He remembers how warm and comfortable it was to play on the floor – a stark contrast to the extreme heat or cold in homes heated with a stove. “It was a beautiful apartment, with a beautiful radiant heat system,” he recalls. “It’s why I got into the business.” He founded Hydronic Comfort Systems Inc. eight years ago after years of engineering in the hydronic manufacturing sector, and has been making people comfortable ever since. A strong proponent of the merits of physical activity, Tibor was a competitive rower in school. But as an adult, he didn’t think the opportunity was there to continue. When he turned 50, however, his daughter brought him down to the Don Rowing Club of Mississauga in Port Credit and signed him up for the club’s masters program. In his spare time, you’re more likely to find Tibor gliding along the Credit River than surfing the internet. And he wouldn’t have it any other way.

Where did you go to trade school? I studied electronic engineering at the Technical University of Budapest in Hungary.

Favourite place to hang out: Downtown Toronto Favourite outdoor activities: Rowing in the summer, skiing in the winter.

Favourite drive-thru restaurant: I don’t use the drive-thru, nor elevators. I’m a strong believer in the importance of physical activity. I believe in parking the car, getting out and walking into the restaurant to order.

Favourite food: My wife’s cooking.

Time behind the wheel per day: 2 hours What makes and models of service vehicles do you use? Chevy Venture Kilometres logged per day: 150 Service area: GTA and more, although the area is shrinking and becoming more concentrated as time goes on. Latest job sites: High Point Rd., Beechwood Avenue and York Valley Rd. in Toronto, and Bonnelly Rd, Parker Rd. in Mississauga, installing complete radiant floor heating systems. Any funny or embarrassing stories while on the job? Lots of fun, but nothing funny or embarrassing. Favourite tool in your toolbox: Torch Favourite band: The Bee Gees

Pizza choice: Pizza Hut One place in the world you would like to visit: Italy Favourite business-related website: Any boiler manufacturer. Favourite website to browse during spare time: I’m not an internet junkie. Least favourite house chore: I’ll do any chores that need to be done at home. It means sharing the load with my wife, and it’s the little things that keep a relationship going. What do you like to do in your spare time? Rowing takes up whatever time is left. Last book read: Fall of Giants Active in any sports? Rowing – sweep oar, fours and eights – at the Don Rowing Club of Mississauga. I’m usually in the bow (the front of the boat) because of my height. If you were granted one wish, what would it be? I’m not that kind of person. I’m just happy to be standing here with my two feet on the ground. Biggest pet peeve: As I get older, noise pollution bothers me more.

Best concert you ever attended: Rod Stewart Favourite sport: Rowing Favourite magazine: Mechanical Business Favourite cartoon as a kid: Huckleberry Hound

Thermal Mass

by Jerry Leyte and Jean-Marie Breault

EXPLORING THE DEPTHS

Jerry Leyte P.Eng., MASc., is the commercial sales engineer for radiant heating and cooling in Canada with Uponor Ltd., and Jean-Marie Breault, Ing, P.Eng., is an applications engineer, technical services, with the company. They can be reached at jerry.leyte@uponor.com or jeanmarie.breault@uponor.com.

The effect of tube depth and slab thickness on radiant heating performance

IT CAN BE GOOD TO BE SHALLOW Having a fast response time is advantageous in areas where the room load changes quickly and the system needs to respond to that load. A good example would be a convention hall or auditorium which can go from being empty to full of people in a very short time. The ability to quickly heat or cool that space will have a significant effect on the comfort level for the occupants in that space. Areas with high solar gain would be another example of spaces that would benefit from shallow tube depths and fast response times, to help minimize the effects of overheating once full sun exposure is present.

USING THE AIR AS A BUFFER With radiant floor heating you need to bring back the heating load on a per square foot basis, since the system is in the full floor area. We can assume the floor surface is warmer than the room temperature, and generates roughly two BTUH per square foot for each degree Fahrenheit above the room temperature. So if the 69째F room needs 30 BTUH per square foot, it will need a floor temp of 15째F more than the room temp (30/2), or a surface temperature of 84째F. Overheating or under heating when working with a thick slab is not that big an issue as radiant heating can be self regulating.

For example, if a radiantly-heated warehouse starts to overheat slightly because the outside temperature rises, the room air temperature will adjust, becoming closer in value to the slab temperature. This decreases the temperature difference between the room and the floor surface and, in turn, reduces the heat output of the radiant floor. The result is a self-regulating effect. The opposite is also true. If the space gets colder due to heat losses (such as an opened garage or warehouse door) the delta T between the air temp and the floor temp becomes greater and the slab then releases more heat to the room. continues on page 56

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METALBEST

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Thermal Mass con’t

WHEN RADIANT TUBES ARE INSTALLED IN THICK SLABS:

Down-fired Fire Tube Stainless steel design Efficiencies & performance

• Typically, tubes are two inches deep. For each inch deeper than tw o inches, there is an approximate 4ºF to 6ºF increase in hydronic water temperature needed to produce the same surface heating flux. • The deeper the tubes, the gr eater the mass heated, and therefore the more thermal inertia to control. Controls have to compensate for the slow responses from the slab. • For thicker slabs with deeper tubes, each inch of concr ete causes an approximate two hour lag in temperature fluctuation control. Pick up time is reduced for deeper tubing with higher water temperature from the heating plant.

Flexibility interface touchscreen

• If you want a faster pick up time from the thick slab it requires an oversized boiler to have the energy to heat the increased thermal mass. • If the tubing is in sand below the slab, it is recommended to put a vapour barrier of poly above the sand to keep the sand wet and more conductive. Sand does not have perfect contact with the tubing because of inherent voids, and causes an additional thermal cont act resistance. For sand that is not fully wet, voids can cause an additional f ive to 15ºF increase in warmer water temperature requirements because of poor sand cont act.

Building a bubble Innovation as Solid as Steel

Radiant heating projects with thick slabs often recommend insulation under the slab, especially if there is a high water table. It is recommended that a proper analysis be performed to determine if the addition of insulation provides a significant benefit to the performance of the system. If there is no insulation under the slab, a large “heat bubble” forms under the slab that also becomes part of the thermal mass. The soil itself becomes an insulator and the larger the heat bubble, the more resistance there is to further heat loss. Each meter of soil depth that is more or less damp is equivalent to around R3 to R9. If there is no circulating water table, this heat bubble is not lost, since a good portion is returned in the spring. Although some installations may warrant not using insulation under the slab, perimeter under-tubing insulation is always recommended. The 20-foot perimeter portion of the slab should be insulated to minimize perimeter heat losses.

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test your hydronics iq Are you ready for some hydronic football? In the spirit of Super Bowl Sunday, here’s your chance to lay claim to the Hydronic Super Bowl Trophy. Gather a few of the technicians in your shop and challenge them to a heated battle. Each question right is another first down; get all 10 for a touchdown. Just don’t spike the magazine if you win. That’s bad sportsmanship, and a five-yard penalty. Good luck, and see you in the end zone! Answers can be found on page 68

1. When a circulator is running, where will the highest pressure it can produce be found? A. Immediately at the outlet side of the pump. B. Immediately at the inlet side of the pump. C. At the highest point of the heating system. D. At the furthest point away in the heating system.

Cost of the Vince Lombardi Trophy $25,000 Maker of the Vince Lombardi Trophy : Tiffany & Co. of New York Super Bowl Rings The NFL pays for up to 150 rings at $5,000 per ring (plus adjustments for increases in gold and diamonds). The league also pays for 150 pieces of jewelry for the losing team which may not cost more than one-half the price set for the Super Bowl ring.

2. How is the tube spacing factor calculated when estimating total tubing length? A. B. C. D.

12 inches ÷ tube spacing tube spacing ÷ 12 inches 12 inches x tube spacing tube spacing + 12 inches

3. What is the purpose of purging a hydronic system before initial operation?

5. A hot water cast iron radiator is rated at 7.80 EDR, what is the equivalent BTUH rating?

A. To flush any contaminates out of the system. B. To force all the air to the high points of the system. C. To rid the system of any excess air as the system fills with water. D. To ensure there are no leaks in the system and all contaminates are flushed out.

A. 1,326 BTUH B. 1,852 BTUH C. 1,326,000 BTUH D. 1,150 BTUH

4. Choose from the following characteristics the one that is least likely to apply to low mass boilers. A. Fast recovery rate. B. No pressure drop through heat exchanger. C. May be used to directly heat domestic water. D. High velocity through heat exchanger.

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6. Which statement below best describes hot water priority in a hydronic heating system? A. Space heating is secondary, domestic water heating is primary. B. Space heating is primary, domestic water heating is secondary. C. Both are handled equally and at the same time. D. When more than half of the boiler’s capacity is directed to heating domestic water.

7. For a heating system subject to high oxygen content, which one of the following types of piping would be most appropriate? A. PEX B. Steel C. Copper D. Cast iron 8. What effect would be created by installing a unit heater higher than recommended by the manufacturer? A. The temperature of the air being heated would be reduced. B. The cubic feet of air flowing through the heater will be reduced. C. The pressure drop across the coil will be lower. D. The heat output may not reach the surface of the space. 9. If a coil type boiler has an input of 167,400 BTUH and an output of 143,200 BTUH, what is the efficiency rating in percent? A. 85.5% B. 83.5% C. 87.5% D. 86.5%

10. Which one of the valves listed below is specifically made to prevent convective circulation in a Hydronic heating system? A. Flow control valve B. Zone control valve C. Pressure bypass control valve D. Reset control valve

So, is there a new trophy in the display case? 10 out of 10 correct – Touchdown! That’s the way to play! 7 to 9 correct – Field goal! Nice work, but you might want to work on that Red Zone offense. 5 or 6 correct – Too far to go for it... bring out the punter. 4 or below – Looks like you turned it over on downs. Better luck next time.

With thanks to Dave Hughes, Associate Chair (Special Projects) Pipe Trades Programs, School of Trades at the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, and Warren Hyde, a Plumbing and Hydronics professor at Mohawk College in Hamilton, Ont. www.nait.ca • www.mohawkcollege.ca

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• From 10.7 gpm to 1,722 gpm • Pipe distances are constructed to fit all current pump groups • Fast and hassle-free installation

Hydronic Junctions • From 17.4 gpm to 1,320 gpm • Available as set including insulation for small-build • Optimal hydronic conditions in every operating state

• Up to 6 heating boilers • From 30,8 gpm to 151,5 gpm • Fits for all current heating boiler models

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Fluids

by Eric Riml Eric Riml is a certified hydronic designer working in Calgary, Alta. He can be reached at feedback@hotwaterheating.info.

lycol's only real purpose in a heating system is for freeze protection. However, many glycols are now sold with inhibitors built-in, meaning that some contractors just add it as a matter of course, because it reduces the possibility of freeze-ups, as well as the chance of corrosion damage.

There are several issues with using glycol in every system, however. First, glycol is expensive and its levels must be maintained to be effective. Second, glycol doesn't last forever and will degrade over time and require replacement, meaning additional costs to the home or business owner down the road. Third, the glycol used must be approved by the equipment manufacturer, in case the heat exchanger is sensitive to particular chemicals. Last, additional measures may be necessary to comply with local codes, such as adding RP devices for water makeup, or adding heat exchangers to further protect against cross-contamination.

How much glycol? The answer to this question depends largely upon local worst-case weather conditions, but some general guidelines are as follows:

30% 33%

glycol whenever you can get away with it (see “No glycol needed” sidebar).

50%

glycol for snowmelt applications.

The inclusion of glycol adds another maintenance item to a system, and glycol is less efficient at transferring heat than water, so if it is not needed, it can be a good idea to leave it out of the system. That being said, some systems will need the protection it provides.

glycol for any application where there is a better than average chance of freezing (see “Chance of a freeze” sidebar).

NO GLYCOL NEEDED It is possible to get away without glycol when: • There is a backup source of heat; • The building is nearly always occupied or monitored; or • The hydronic heating is all residential slab heat, which will take a long time to freeze.

continues on page 62

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Fluids

continued from page 60

Chance of a freeze

Ethylene versus Propylene

A better than average chance of freezing happens when any of the following situations is encountered: Garage heat, because garage doors can be left open accidentally, leading to rapid temperature drop; Any application where low-mass baseboard is installed on exterior walls (i.e. where freezing will occur first);

One question I get frequently is, “Should I use ethylene or propylene glycol?” My answer is almost always, “Use propylene, because it is less toxic.” Some local codes may permit the use of propylene without also requiring double-wall heat exchangers because some brands are rated as “non-toxic” by their MSDS stamp. Propylene does come at the cost of a little less freeze protection, however. Some commercial applications, notably car washes, can benefit from the additional freeze protection of ethylene.

Any application with underground runs, even when insulated (pipe runs between buildings, for example); A fan coil is installed with no HRV, where the coil can easily freeze due to cold incoming air if the water suddenly stops being heated; and Any application where occupants may be away for extended periods of time, or where some rooms may go unused or unnoticed for long periods of time.

Glycol % by Volume

Ethylene Glycol freeze point

Propylene Glycol Freeze Point

55%

-50ºF

---

50%

-37ºF

-28ºF

40%

-14ºF

-13ºF

30%

+2ºF

+4ºF

20%

+15ºF

+17ºF

Look to Runtal for INSPIRED RADIANT heating solutions. Comfort, style, durability, versatility and ENERGY EFFICIENCY are the hallmarks of residential and commercial building spaces designed the Runtal way. The worldwide LEADER in standard and custom designed radiators for over 50 YEARS our ENGINEERING ASSISTANCE takes the guess work out of every job. And when it comes to off-the-shelf solutions, you can rely on our IN-STOCK solutions.

1-888-829-4901 www.runtalradiators.com 62

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Estimating system volume Nominal Size Based on Lineal Foot of copper

(Inches) 3/8" 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2"

USG / ft 0.007 0.012 0.018 0.025 0.043 0.065 0.092 0.161

Literature

Weight (lbs) 0.063 0.101 0.151 0.210 0.357 0.544 0.770 1.340

Web Reviews

POLYPROPYLENE TO THE RESCUE Tired of rusting, leaking, corroded pipes, and copper theft? Aquatherm’s green, rust-free, highly engineered polypropylene pressure pipe solves these problems and more. From HVAC to water distribution and even district energy, Aquatherm is the answer!

Topping up the glycol To increase the total glycol percentage in a system, a quantity of system fluid can be drained, and 100 per cent glycol can be added. But it is a bit more complicated than just taking fluid out and replacing it with 100 per cent glycol, since you lose glycol from the existing fluid as it drains. To figure out the amount of fluid to drain, use the following formula:

g = V ( d – c ) / ( 100 – c )

where:

d = desired glycol percentage (1 to 50) c = current glycol percentage in system (1 to 50) V = Volume of fluid in system g = amount of fluid to drain and add back as 100% glycol

Working with inhibitors Okay, so an inhibitor is supposed to stop leaks caused by corrosion, right? Of course it does. But sometimes, when insufficient inhibitor is used for the system volume, inhibitors can actually cause pinhole leaks. Why? Well, simply put, when there isn't enough inhibitor to coat every part of the inside of the pipe, all the minerals or other contaminants will attack the few small points where the inhibitor is not. This can also happen in hot water tanks, especially with stainless indirects that are installed in high-mineral areas. Even a small flaw in the coating will allow all the contaminants to bore a pinhole in that one spot. So, once inhibitors are added, make the homeowner aware that maintenance of the chemical is important. Better yet, document the chemicals used, and in what strengths, and leave empty containers on-site. And don’t forget to set the homeowner up on a maintenance schedule.

w w w. a q u a t h e r m . c o m HAVE YOU SEEN US LATELY? www.reedmfgco.com got a facelift and Reed wants you to see the reveal! To modernize Reed product pages, the layout of all product family pages was enhanced. Easily navigate to a product page to find operator’s manuals, parts, accessories, and related products. Additionally, the photo library was overhauled. Find and download or email Reed pr oduct photos right from the product page. Call 1-800-666-3691 or visit us online.

w w w. r e e d m f g c o . c o m WELCOME TO SELKIRK Here at our online home, you will find information on our chimney, venting, fireplace and air distribution products. You will also find information about our company, news, items, useful links to other websites and customer service info through our help desk. Use our online tools to help you design and install one of our chimney systems.

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Pumps

TO AFFINITY t’s perfectly okay for an HVAC industry professional to have an affinity for the affinity laws of pumps, as this little bit of geekiness can save a customer a lot of money over the life of their building.

Pump “Affinity Laws” govern the output and energy consumption of all centrifugal or axial circulating pumps in an HVAC system. By understanding these laws, and using them to our advantage, we can optimize the performance of any pump in any HVAC system, thereby dramatically reducing system energy costs.

How affinity laws affect fixed-speed pumps Green lines represent the pump performance curves for various impeller diameters or shaft speeds. Purple lines represent the hydraulic efficiency of the pump for any given head and flow. Red lines represent the shaft horsepower. The blue line represents the system resistance curve. Between operating points A and B, we see that a relatively small change in impeller diameter (or speed) can have a significant impact on head and the power required at the motor shaft. For example, for 920 gpm at 110 ft, the full-sized impeller and 30 horsepower are required, whereas for 800 gpm at 83 ft, only a 10” impeller and 20 hp are required. As our affinity laws predict, a small reduction in impeller diameter (-13%) results in a proportionally reduced flow, significant affect on head reduction (-25%) and a profound reduction in power consumption (-33%).

THE LAWS

OF THE LAND Affinity laws state that for a given impeller diameter: • Flow is proportional to rpm; • Head is proportional to the square of the rpm; and • Power is proportional to the cube of the rpm. And similarly, that for a given pump’s speed: • Flow is proportional to impeller diameter; • Head is proportional to the square of the impeller diameter; and • Power is proportional to the cube of the impeller diameter. So regardless of whether we are considering a fixed speed or variable speed pump, we can apply affinity laws to alter pump output, and therefore energy consumption.

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by Rodney Brandon

Using affinity to our advantage

Rodney D. M. Brandon is a brand and product marketing stategist for HVAC and other industries, and can be reached at rodney.brandon@hotmail.com.

An HVAC system design engineer determines the operating point of the hydronic fluid circulating pumps based on calculations that are impacted by the plant, piping and all components used. The designer uses a number of safety factors and errs on the side of excess capacity, as it is much easier to throttle an installed pump than it is to put in a larger pump after the fact. Between design and practice, many issues can stack-up to result in the actual operating point being well off the design point. The actual operating point of a pump may differ from design due to design errors, safety factors, material or component substitution, and changes in pipe size or routing. Here is a typical, albeit somewhat extreme, installation scenario: The blue system curve (A), represents the system resistance as intended by the designer. However, as a result of changes in various components throughout the system, having much lower pressure drops, we see the actual red system resistance curve (B) is running way out to the right of the pump curve, where the hydraulic efficiency drops from 85 per cent to only 68 per cent, and actually requires more power, 35 horsepower instead of the planned 30. In this case, we can throttle the triple-duty valve on the pump discharge to bring operation back closer to the best efficiency point (BEP), which is much easier on the pump, and trim the impeller to the minimum allowable (9.5”) to produce the required design flow, as shown by the green system resistance curve (C).

As a result, we achieve design flow (920 gpm) while reducing energy consumption from 35 hp to 19 hp (45%) or roughly $2,600/yr assuming a 50 per cent duty cycle, six-month season, and $0.10 / kWhr. In addition, we have improved the life expectancy of the pump and reduced bearing and seal service requirements by running closer to BEP, for approximate $60,000 total cost savings over the 20-year life of the pump.

BY THE NUMBERS Affinity laws state that for a given impeller diameter, or for a given pump’s speed: Flow is proportional:

Q1 Q2

=( DD )

Head is proportional to the square: Power is proportional to the cube:

1 2

H1 H2 P1 P2

=( DD ) 1

=( DD

1 2

)

Where Q = flow, H = Head, P = Power, and D = Impeller Diameter or RPM.

Affinity at variable speeds By design, the typical HVAC system experiences full load conditions 2.5 per cent of the total operating time. Affinity laws are the primary reason that variable volume systems with variable speed pumping have come into favour for HVAC circuits presenting a dynamic load. Let’s again consider the same pump in a system that is running at 2:1 speed turndown, due to typical part-load operation. Here we see that between operating points A and B both speed and flow have been halved (-50%), head has been reduced from 110 ft to 28 ft (-75%), and power has been reduced from 30 hp to 3.75 hp (-87.5%). If this were a fixed-speed pump running at full speed at BEP with a 50 per cent duty cycle for six months per season, at $0.10/kWhr, the annual energy cost would be $4,800. However, in a variable volume system, with the pump running at 50 per cent speed on average, with everything else being equal, the annual energy cost will be reduced to $604, for a 20-year pump life cycle savings of $84,000, and that’s not even accounting for rising energy costs. So there we have it, finite energy cost savings, all thanks to the help of the affinity laws of pumps.

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Case study Greening the

“We wanted the building to be a premiere showcase for adaptive reuse and green building,” explains Plitt. “With so much of the existing structure in place, we utilized existing elements of the building while also incorporating new technology to make the facility a flagship model of sustainable design. It’s definitely been a challenge balancing the old with the new, but we’ve reused approximately 95 per cent of the original structure and systems.”

ENERGY AND HEAT AT THE BRICK WORKS The Centre for Green Cities building showcases a comprehensive building automation system that controls all of the facility’s heating, cooling and ventilation needs. The building employs multiple strategies for managing heating and cooling, however, the primary heat source for the facility is hydronic. Energy for the hydronic system is primarily pulled from renewable resources, such as solar photovoltaic electricity. All “lost” energy is recovered through a heat recovery system that recycles heat back through the building during cold months. Of the three boilers located at the top floor of the building, one condensing boiler supplies the low-temperature heating used throughout the remaining four stories. “We needed a solution that would fit into a hybrid heating and cooling strategy,” says Plitt. “We were able to incorporate the right blend of products that has not only complemented the system we have in place, but it also helps us meet our long-term energy saving goals.”

ABOUT THE BRICK WORKS Opened in September 2010, the Evergreen Brick Works building has been deemed a “cultural beacon” in Toronto. This multi-functional facility is built on the grounds of the Don Valley brickyards, one of Canada’s preeminent brick manufacturing buildings from the late 1800s through 1980. At its peak, the facility manufactured more than 43 million bricks a year, many of which were used to construct prominent homes and buildings throughout the country, including Massey Hall and Toronto’s Old City Hall. The property is currently home to one of the country’s top ecological education centres, better known as the Evergreen Brick Works. The facility is host to a variety of classes and programmes providing insight and instruction on the value of sustainability to children and adults throughout the local community. A fresh garden market, event spaces, lush gardens and plant showcase areas, a bike collection and repair space, walking paths and parklands make up the 40-acre site.

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Photo: Michelle Scrivener

With sustainability as a primary focus at the Evergreen Brick Works, energy efficiency and environmental design was a must when planning the re-purposing of the property. At the heart of its operations is the Centre for Green Cities, a five-storey Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum certified office building. Robert Plitt, senior manager of sustainability for the Evergreen Brick Works, was charged with managing the building’s design and construction process to ensure that the products and systems used fell within its rigid building envelope guidelines.

by Christopher Makarewicz, Dipl.T, B. Eng. Part of that solution was the incorporation of 45 built-in low-temperature trench radiators, which were installed alongside peripheral walls in meeting areas throughout the facility. These in-floor solutions were placed in trenches at the outside of concrete floors to maximize space and provide a clean, durable and unobstructed heat source. On the ground floor of the centre, the radiators complement a modular in-floor radiant heating solution, allowing the interior space to heat more quickly when temperatures drop outside.

Christopher Makarewicz is an engineer for Jaga Climate Systems, manufacturers of hydronic, low-temperature heating solutions. He can be reached CMakarewicz@jaga-canada.com.

LOW ON CONSUMPTION, BIG ON PERFORMANCE

Mini canal radiators were also placed alongside floor to ceiling windows to help circulate air and prevent condensation from accumulating. In addition, these in-floor units were placed near entryways, covered with grates durable enough to withstand traffic entering and exiting the facility.

“We’re continually measuring our energy performance,” says Plitt. “This enables us to accurately gauge the success of the systems we have in place, such as night cooling and low-temperature heating. We’ve been encouraged by the results we’ve seen so far.”

A total of 69 horizontal low-water radiators were used on the second and third floors of the building, which are primarily used as classrooms, meeting rooms and office spaces. On the third floor, home to the Evergreen office, radiators were installed alongside the exterior wall. With the open office plan and minimalist design, the designer rads provide both an aesthetic and functional appeal for the space.

Using low-water radiators, the Brick Works has been able to optimize the low-temperature loop in the building, substantially reducing energy costs, and with the quick r eaction time of the radiators, the energy savings do not come at the expense of occupant comfort. “These low-temperature heating systems fit our unique requirements, accommodating the hybrid heating and cooling system we had in place while also reducing the overall energy costs of the building.”

Contractors installed 44 horizontally lined low-water-volume front panel radiators throughout the building’s spacious fourth floor offices. The low-surface temperature of the units provides optimal heating control with nominal input.

Reference Centre

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WIRELESS TEMPERATURE MODULE

KD Navien is the Leader in Condensing Tankless Technology with both Condensing Tankless Gas Water heaters and ASME approved Condensing Combination Gas Boilers/Water Heaters in one. Navien products can reduce the cost of installation with the use of 3" PVC schedule 40 vent tube. Navien offers a 15 year warranty on the heat exchanger, 5 years on parts and 1 year on labour.

The Beckett AquaSmart is a universal boiler contr ol designed for use on residential and light commercial boiler systems. It provides up to 20% savings on fuel consumption thr ough the integration of the Beckett HeatManager dynamic temperature reset or its advanced Wireless Temperature Module. The AquaSmart is part of Beckett Canada’s commitment to “Technology Made Simple.” For more information please visit us at online or at www.facebook.com/BeckettCanada.

w w w. n a v i e n a m e r i c a . c o m

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HYDRONIC Air separator Watts Canada’s AS-MB microbubble air separator features forgedbrass body construction and is rated for flow rates up to 19 gpm. It is designed to withstand petroleum-based cleaners and glycol antifreeze, and is rated for fluid temperatures up to 240°F (116°C). The threaded, flanged or sweat models are available in 3/4” to 1-1/4” sizes.

Tubing mat Uponor’s Radiant Rollout Mat is a prefabricated, pre-pressurized network of crosslinked PEX-A tubing designed for large commercial radiant heating and cooling applications. The mat is available with oxygen barrier or non-barrier PEX-A tubing connected with engineered plastic fittings which are safe for burial in the slab. It is available in widths for nine- or six-inch on-centre spacing, and with in-slab 3/4” reverse-return header or wall manifold distribution flow options.

www. wattscanada.ca

www. uponor.ca

House control tekmarNet2 house controls and thermostats use two-way communication to control outdoor reset with indoor feedback, zone synchronization, shared schedules and outdoor temperature display. They feature two-wire installation for communication and power and are suitable for retrofit installation where new wiring is not feasible.

www. tekmarcontrols.com

Space heating boiler The Vitodens 100 from Viessmann is a gas-fired, wall-mounted, space heating boiler that offers an optional CombiPlus kit for on-demand DHW. It features a stainless steel heat exchanger and cylinder burner. The unit is available in two models ranging in size from 37,000 to 118,000 BTUH with an AFUE rating of up to 95.2 per cent. The optional ondemand DHW kit is designed to provide 3.6 GPM and installs underneath or beside the boiler.

www. viessmann.ca 68

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Commercial steam boiler The Tribute from Fulton Boiler Works is a compact vertical tubeless steam boiler designed for industrial and commercial applications such as laundries and drycleaners. It features an advanced premixing style burner and a variable-speed fan, as well as a fibre mesh burner and integrated gas train. The unit is available in five sizes ranging from 9.5 to 30 BHP with outputs ranging from 318,000 to 1,000,000 BTUH.

www. fulton.com

Hydronic IQ Answers: 1-A, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B, 5-A, 6-A, 7-C, 8-D, 9-A, 10-A 0 2 . 1 2

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HYDRONIC Panel radiators Granby’s high-efficiency hot water panel radiators can be used as a primary heating system, a supplement to a radiant floor system, or in conjunction with other heating sources. The units are designed to be wall mounted and feature an integral thermostatic valve with flow setter. They are available in 32 sizes from 12” to 36” high and 16” to 32” wide, with outputs ranging from 2,350 to 14,832 BTUH.

www. granbyindustries.com

Three-pass boiler Weil-McLain Canada’s Ultra oil-fired boiler features a three-pass cast iron heat exchanger and is rated 86 per cent AFUE. Sized from 85,000 to 150,000 BTUH, it has a 30 psi relief valve and offers water volumes between 15 and 21.5 gal. Optional 50 psi relief valves and direct-vent kits are also available.

www. weil-mclain.ca

Condensing boiler The Trinity Fire Tube high efficiency condensing boiler from NTI features a downfired tube design, a totally sealed combustion system, and an AFUE rating of up to 96 per cent. Constructed of corrosionresistant stainless steel, it has a wet leg combustion chamber that is designed to deliver up to 99 per cent combustion efficiency. Nine models are available, ranging in size from 60,000 to 399,000 BTUH with vent runs of up to 150’, five vent termination options, and plumbing and gas connections at either the top or bottom.

www. nythermal.com

Buffer tanks Taco’s buffer tanks are designed to provide additional system fluid volume in order to prevent short cycling in hydronic heating and cooling systems. The tanks are available in 16 sizes with capacities ranging from 50 to 1,050 gallons. The units are available with high or low connections and a standard range of connection sizes.

Radiator The Bisque Hot Spring radiator from Runtal North America features a tightly coiled design. The unit is available in three finishes and is equipped with a pair of chrome shutoff valves. It has a 7.8” diameter and is designed for vertical installation using a closed loop hydronic heating system. The Hot 60 model measures 25-1/2” in height and offers a BTUH output of 1,975 at 180˚F. The Hot 180 is 72.8” high and offers 6,681 BTUH at 180˚F.

www. taco-hvac.com

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HYDRONIC Condensing boiler The XTherm vertical modulating heater from Raypak comes in boiler or water heater/swimming pool models, in three sizes ranging from 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 BTUH. It uses stainless steel, CPVC or PVC venting depending on the model. The unit is rated up to 96 per cent thermal efficiency for hydronic boilers, and up to 97 per cent for domestic hot water heaters. It has a footprint of 11 sq. ft. and features an on-board diagnostic centre.

www. raypak.com

Geothermal heat pump

Water pressure reducing valve The Apollo 35 series model FF fast fill and feedwater pressure regulator is designed to provide heating boilers with makeup water at reduced inlet pressure with a high-capacity purge and quick fill capability. The units feature all brass and bronze construction and are available in three models: 1/2” union NPT, 1/2” NPT or 1/2” solder. Cartridges can be replaced in-line.

The WaterFurnace Synergy 3D is a geothermal boiler, furnace and air conditioner that is designed to provide hot water to radiant floor zones, forced air heating and cooling to ducted zones, and hot water assist. It is available in four dual-capacity sizes ranging from three to six tons and from 24,800 to 64,600 BTUH. The unit uses R410A refrigerant and comes in vertical left and right return configurations.

www. waterfurnace.com

www. apollovalves.com

Ball valve Cash Acme’s SharkBite ball valves are constructed of brass and feature SharkBite connections. They are designed for connecting to copper tubing, CPCV and PEX. The valves feature a full port ball valve and single level shut-off for water supply. The push-fit connections do not require soldering, clamps, unions or glue. They are available in sizes ranging from 1/2” to 1” and have a maximum pressure rating of 200 psi.

Boiler control Beckett’s AquaSmart boiler control is compatible with gas- or oil-fired boilers and features dynamic temperature reset, low water cut off, and priority override for DHW. Designed for use with residential and light commercial systems, it has a high-limit setting range of 37 to 115˚C and operates in ambient environmental temperatures of -20 to 65˚C. It offers a backlit LCD screen with programming touch pad and cycle history diagnostic information.

www. cashacme.com 70

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‘Cause little things cause big headaches Little things like micro-bubbles, specks of dirt, sand and rust are a major cause of hydronic system problems. But they don’t have to be. Taco’s 4900 Series of high efﬁciency Air and Dirt Separators deliver complete and effective air and dirt removal from heating and cooling systems. The secret to the 4900’s efﬁciency is Taco’s patented Pall Ring technology. Micro-bubbles will adhere to these surfaces to form larger bubbles then rise to the top of the unit and are vented through the integral automatic vent - along with debris and impurities that will drop to the bottom of the vent. This proven technology will save you money, energy and lengthen the life of your system components. Visit www.taco-hvac.com to discover all the unique products and advantages we offer.

Series 4900A cleans systems of air, while 4900AD removes both air and dirt. TACO CANADA LTD. 8450 Lawson Road, Milton, ON L9T 0J8 Tel. 905-564-9422 Fax. 905-564-9436 www.taco-hvac.com

EFFICIENCY

B y C ar o l Fey Carol Fey is a technical trainer who has worked as a heating mechanic in Antarctica and has published six books for the HVAC/R industry. She can be reached at carol@carolfey.com, or visit her website, www.carolfey.com.

BREAKING DOWN THE RATINGS OF AN INDUSTRY

hat’s with all these letters that are supposed to tell us about energy efficiency? A quick look has one swimming in EERs, SEERs, COPs, AFUEs, and more. But what do they stand for, and better yet, how does one explain any of them to a customer? The abundance of acronyms (strings of capital letters, such as SEER and EER) to represent the measurements makes the whole topic extremely difficult – and not very consumer-friendly. A mechanical professional who can break through the jargon is a godsend for a consumer in need. Thankfully, most of the groups of letters represent similar measurements – how much energy (fuel) has to go into an appliance to get a particular amount of energy (for example heating or cooling) out. It is often, though not always, written as a percentage. The confusion comes largely from each type of equipment having its own acronym, or set of acronyms, to represent its efficiency measurement. It is useful to know what the ratings are, and what the acronyms mean. Here’s a quick cheat sheet for some of the more likely products that you’ll be outlining to your customers.

RESIDENTIAL FURNACES AND BOILERS MAJOR RATING: AFUE AFUE stands for Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency. It measures the amount of heat delivered compared to the amount of fuel supplied to the heating appliance over a year’s time. AFUE accounts for on and off cycling, and changes in the load. The load is affected by weather and human interaction with the controls. An 80% AFUE furnace converts 80% of the fuel to heat. The remaining 20% is lost.

COMMERCIAL BOILERS (300,000 TO 2,500,000 BTUH) MAJOR RATING: THERMAL EFFICIENCY Thermal efficiency is like AFUE, but in steady-state ideal circumstances. Thermal efficiency shows a higher efficiency than AFUE. It does not average over a year, and does not include the effects of heat loss caused by on and off cycling. It is measured after the flue gas temperature has warmed up and reached equilibrium. AIR CONDITIONING – SPLIT SYSTEMS MAJOR RATINGS: EER, SEER EER stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. It is the ratio of the cooling capacity of an air conditioner in British Thermal Units (BTUs) per hour, to the total electrical input in watts under American Refrigeration Institute (ARI) specified test conditions.

EER vs. SEER

EER is measured under just one set of conditions, whereas SEER is a seasonal average, over a specified range of conditions. The dif ference between single-condition performance and performance over a range of varying conditions explains the difference between EER and SEER ratings.

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EFFICIENCY

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AIR CONDITIONERS CON’T Add an “S” to EER and you get SEER. SEER is EER with a seasonal average. Thus SEER is Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio. A higher SEER rating means more energy efficiency. The minimum SEER rating for new equipment is now 13. ROOFTOP/COMMERCIAL/PACKAGED HVAC UNITS MAJOR RATINGS: EER, SEER, AFUE EER, SEER, AFUE definitions: See Air Conditioners and Residential Furnaces sections. HEAT PUMPS—INCLUDING DUCTLESS MINI SPLITS AND GEOTHERMAL MAJOR RATINGS: SEER, HSPF SEER definition: See Air Conditioners. HSPF means Heating Seasonal Performance Factor. It measures the efficiency of air source heat pumps. HSPF is a ratio of BTU heat output over the heating season to watt-hours of electricity used. The current industry minimum is 6.80 HSPF. Depending on the system, an HSPF greater than eight can be considered high efficiency.

HEAT PUMPS—AIR SOURCE MAJOR RATINGS: SEER, HSPF, COP SEER and HSPF definitions: See Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps.. COP, or CP, stands for coefficient of performance. It measures the ratio of heat energy delivered to the electrical energy supplied, independently of the units used to measure energy. Heat energy is in BTUs and electrical energy is in watts. HSPF can be converted to a seasonally-averaged COP by converting both the BTU heat output and the electrical input to a common energy unit (eg, joules). HEAT PUMPS—GROUND SOURCE MAJOR RATINGS: EER, COP EER and COP definitions: See Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps. SEER and HSPF account for the impact of seasonal variations on air source heat pumps. These numbers are normally not applicable to ground source heat pump ratings. However, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) has adapted an approach to calculate typical seasonally adjusted HSPFs for ground-source heat pumps in Canada.

Let’s change the game... 2 Stage performance. Single stage price. The Tranquility22 Digital (TZ) is a game-changing new geothermal heat pump that integrates industry first digital communicating controls, two-stage capacity, variable-speed fan and variable-flow geothermal source functions, all within a single compact “plug and play” package. Change is good, especially when you know it’s the right thing to do. NextEnergy is moving forward…with great products and a commitment to helping our dealers succeed in the geothermal industry. We are the Canadian leader in geothermal technology, with a complete dedication to the success of our dealers.

www.nextenergy.ca 800.367.9810 35 Earl Martin Dr, Elmira Ont. 74

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HIGH EFFICIENCY VALUE! Choose the Goodman GME95 for the BEST VALUE in a variable speed gas furnace! s 5P TO !&5% s ss !LUMINIZED 3TEEL 4UBULAR 0RIMARY (EAT %XCHANGER ss 3TAINLESS 3TEEL 3ECONDARY (EAT %XCHANGER ss 4WO 3TAGE 'AS 6ALVE ss $URABLE 3ILICON .ITRIDE )GNITION ss %LECTRONIC #ONTROL "OARD WITH 3ELF $IAGNOSTICS

OUTSTANDING WARRANTY* PROTECTION

* Complete warranty details available from your local dealer or at www.goodmanmfg.com. To receive the 10-Year Parts Limited Warranty, 10-Year Unit Replacement Limited Warranty and Lifetime Heat a Exchanger Limited Warranty (good for as long as you own your home), online registraation must be completed within 60 days of installation. Online registraation is not required in California or Quebec.

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LOCATIONS LOCATIONS: N. TORONTO 905-760-2737

W. TORONTO 905-564-9791

CALGARY 403-250-6579

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LAVAL 450-681-2220

MONTREAL 450-674-3883

EDMONTON 780-443-3072

BRANTFORD 519-757-0965

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VANCOUVER 604-420-1331

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WATER HEATERS MAJOR RATING: EF Energy Factor (EF) indicates a water heater's overall energy efficiency based on the amount of hot water produced per unit of fuel consumed over a typical day. Gas water heaters generally have energy factors between 0.5 to around 0.7. Electric models range from 0.75 to 0.95. Energy factor numbers are lower for gas models because they lose some of their energy to exhaust. Remember to keep other factors, like recovery rates, in mind when talking water heaters with your customers. GAS FIREPLACES MAJOR RATING: FE Fireplace Efficiency (FE) takes into account all energy losses, such as stack losses and standing pilot, and its performance during an entire heating season. Because it includes all losses, the FE rating will often be lower than other ratings such as AFUE, which includes only some energy losses. AIR FILTERS MAJOR RATING: MERV Minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) rates the effectiveness of air filters on a scale of 1 to 16. Greater collection of particles ranging from 0.3 to 10 micrometres, earns a higher rating, while greater air resistance (pressure drop) decreases the rating. MERV does not cover all air filtration devices. Electronic air cleaners, having no air resistance, get no rating. ICE MAKERS MAJOR RATING: KWH/100 LB. ICE Kilowatt hours per hundred pounds of ice (kWh/100 pounds) is the standard to rate the amount of energy used by commercial ice makers. Efficiencies tend to range from 22 to 4 kWh per 100 pounds of ice produced.

UNIT HEATERS MAJOR RATING: THERMAL EFFICIENCY

HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATORS (HRVS) AND ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATORS (ERVS) MAJOR RATING: RECOVERY EFFICIENCY Recovery efficiency is given as a percentage. For a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) it factors in outside air temperature before the exchanger, the outside air temperature after the heat exchanger, and the inside air before the heat exchanger. Recovery efficiency for an energy recovery ventilator (ERV) includes both outside and inside moisture content in addition to temperatures.

SOLAR THERMAL (HEATING) PANELS—used for domestic hot water or space heating MAJOR RATINGS: SRCC, SF, SEF Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (SRCC) ratings report BTU per day output rather than efficiency. “OG100” reports solar collectors alone, and “OG300” does complete solar systems. There are separate ratings for clear, mild and cloudy days, and for pool heating and water heating.

An environmentally safe and performance enhanced alternative to PVC or CPVC, PolyPro is an engineered venting system made of 100% recyclable polypropylene. Available in double-wall flex and rigid single-wall pipe. Designed for use with high efficiency gas furnaces, condensing boilers, and instantaneous hot water heaters. No messy solvents, lubricant’s or glues. No ugly terminations. PolyPro’s concentric terminations are engineered to work in cold, harsh climates without freezing up. Gasketed connections meet with a precise, tight seal. Can be cut to desired length needed. PolyPro has successfully vented appliances in Europe for over 15 years. SEE US AT CMX-CIPHEX

PolyPro

CHILLERS MAJOR RATING: IPLV Integrated Part Load Value (IPLV) rates equipment that cools water for air conditioning. It is most commonly used to describe the performance of chillers capable of capacity modulation. Unlike an EER or COP (see definitions above), which describe the efficiency at full load conditions, the IPLV is derived from the equipment efficiency while operating at varying capacities.

ULC-636 GREENVENT® FOR CONDENSING GAS/OIL APPLIANCES.

Thermal efficiency definition: See Commercial Boilers.

Solar Fraction (SF) shows the amount of conventional energy (gas, oil, electric) that is being replaced by solar. This is not an efficiency rating. For example, 80% means that solar is replacing 80% of another energy source. Solar Energy Factor (SEF) is an efficiency rating. It is the energy delivered by the total system divided by the electrical or gas energy put into the system. The higher the SEF, the greater the solar contribution. Vertical installation with Skyline termination

Flex kit installation

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Flex through B-Vent chase installation

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with Roger Grochmal

Making the web work for you Roger, I’m feeling the pressure to improve my web marketing, but I don’t know if it will be a waste of my time and money. Any advice? Robert V., Laval, Que.

Roger Grochmal is the president of AtlasCare in Oakville, Ont. To submit a question about your company, business practices, or the industry in general, send an e-mail to Mechanical Business magazine’s editor, Adam Freill, adam.freill@ mechanicalbusiness.com.

e’ve all heard the saying that nothing happens until someone sells something. This is true, but it is not the start of the sales chain. In our business, nothing gets sold without a lead.

so high that we stopped using it. Google, on the other hand, has been far more productive. You have to remember that while Google or Facebook will get a pair of eyeballs to your website, the site itself must deliver a sufficiently compelling message to get the customer to give you their personal contact information. This is the hard part. You also have to track people who phone you after having been to your website. This could significantly alter the success of any given campaign.

Cost of Acquisition At my company, we have established a formula that we use to determine the effectiveness of our advertising. It's called "Cost of Acquisition" or COA. We take the cost of an advertising program and divide it by the number of new customers we get as a result. With this simple approach, we pick a COA measure – a number – that we are comfortable with and see to it that all our advertising meets this standard. With traditional media it can be hard to get this number, but it’s not impossible. You just have to ask the age-old questions: “Why did you call us?” “Who suggested us?” And “What ad did you see?”

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Every form of advertising has the opportunity to generate leads. Success with a medium, however, can vary in each different market. And it also depends on how long you have been in business, the profile you have in the community, the size of the market, and the quality and size of your competition. What works best? I have always struggled with this. The guesswork of determining results is changing with today’s electronic media. The beauty of web-based marketing is that everything can be tracked and measured. We have advertised on both Facebook and Google. For us, Facebook generated a lot of targeted exposure but very few leads, thus our cost of acquisition was quite high. In fact, it was

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In our market, a Google Adwords campaign can cost as much as $5 per click. If it takes us 100 clicks to get a sale, then our cost of acquiring that customer is $500. Add to that the cost of an offer to entice the customer to your website in the first place and it doesn't take a genius to figure you better find a better way of converting clicks to sales. You do the math.

The immediacy of e-mail You need to treat electronic leads as if they were phone calls. People who use this method of communication expect you to. We have had no heat calls come to us via e-mail requests. Since we know this happens, we now have e-mail leads forwarded to a manager’s smart phone until 10 p.m. at night and on weekends. Our goal is to make contact within 15 minutes of receiving the lead.

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THERMO EQUIPMENT PAD is a plastic pad designed as a mounting base for HVAC and pool equipment. Put a professional ﬁnish on air conditioning installation with an easy-to-install plastic pad that beautiﬁes exteriors and protects your condensing or outdoor heat pump unit. Our rugged pad design provides a patented structural technology for optimum support. The Thermo Equipment Pad is blow molded from polyethylene, resulting in a pad that is lightweight, but not too light. A classic, clean appearance, which is enhanced by rounded edges and a concrete gray color. Each pad is molded with its size in raised letters on the side.

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VEHICLE UPFITTING

B y Nat alie A n n C o m eau

STREAMLINING THE PROCESS Most vehicle manufacturers offer special services to commercial clients, including owners of small businesses. Ask to speak with the fleet manager, who will know about any applicable programs, including financial incentives. The fleet manager can also streamline the upfitting process. “The dealer works closely with the vehicle upfitters to get a quote for the customer, and includes the upfit as part of the capital cost,” explains Kerri Stoakley, communications manager with Ford of Canada. “The full cost of the vehicle, upfitting and graphics can be part of the capitalized cost and can be part of the finance package.”

aving an organized vehicle not only helps you work more efficiently, it protects tools and inventory, allows you to travel safely, and helps project a professional image. Vehicle manufacturers and specialty upfitters across Canada offer a variety of choices for contractors, from packages designed specifically with the plumber or HVAC/R technician in mind to mix-and-match options that allow for full customization according to individual requirements.

A PLACE FOR EVERYTHING (AND EVERYTHING IN ITS PLACE) From cabinets and drawers, to storage bins, tank racks and utility racks, there are many packages available that cater to the trade-specific needs of mechanical contractors. HVAC/R packages consist of lots of open shelving with adjustable dividers to

upfitting continues on page 82

by Natalie Ann Comeau

Customers can customize their vehicles by adding such accessories as ladder racks.

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11:38 AM CONFERENCE ROOM

2:45 PM CORNER OFFICE

1,417mm max cargo height

centre console with file and laptop storage*

9:02 AM POWER PLANT

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powerful and efficient 5.6L V8 and 4.0L V6 engine options

fold-down passenger seatback with optional 120V power

7:15 AM EXECUTIVE CHAIR

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wear-resistant and water-repellent seats

up to 6,629L of cargo space

The All-New 2012 NV Lineup INNOVATION THAT WORKS

Your business card may say contractor, plumber, landscaper or electrician, but we know that’s only half of the story. You’re also the accountant, customer service department and CEO. And that’s why the Nissan NV is so much more than a van. With a built-in filing cabinet,* and expanded desktop surface,* it’s your entire office on wheels – perfect for all your jobs. You’ll have a hard time finding any other van than can do the same.

Starting from $30,998 For more information, visit ncv.nissan.ca *Available features. MSRP for 2012 NV 1500 (X41A72 AA00) is $30,998. Freight and PDE charges ($1,630), license, registration, insurance, duties and applicable taxes (including excise tax, fuel conservation tax, tire recycling tax and duties on new tires, where applicable) are extra. All prices are subject to change without notice. TMThe Nissan Commercial Vehicles names, logos, product names, feature names, and slogans are trademark owned by or licensed to Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., and/or its North American subsidiaries.

VEHICLE UPFITTING BEFRIEND THE FLEET MANAGER

Fleet managers specialize in helping commercial customers get the right vehicle for their needs, but they can also save a company money through special incentive packages not available to the general public. • Nissan’s Commercial Advantage Program offers NV purchasers the choice of two base upfit packages at no extra charge, or a rebate on the price of the vehicle. • Through its Commercial Connection program, Ford offers a cash back option, or a no-charge factory installed package of shelves and racks. • GM’s Business Choice program provides incentives to small business owners in the form of work-ready upfits at no extra charge, or a rebate towards the aftermarket upfitting of their choice.

CLIMBING THE SLUSH-COVERED LADDER

There’s nothing worse than struggling to get a ladder on or off the top of your truck, especially in a howling blizzard with a wind chill of -25˚C. Two smart alternatives to the standard roof rack are available that make loading your ladder a snap. • A drop down ladder rack uses a hydraulic speed damper to lower the ladder gently over the side of the vehicle, presenting it at just the right height and angle for a perfectly ergonomic manoeuvre. No straps required. • Seemingly designed with Canadian winters in mind, interior ladder keepers mount inside the cargo area, on the ceiling or on the wall. Simply glide the ladder into the spring-loaded clamp and snap it into place.

SAFETY FIRST

• All upfitting packages should include a partition, or bulkhead, that separates the cargo and passenger areas. Canadian law requires the installation of bulkheads to protect drivers and passengers from loose cargo that could become a deadly projectile in a crash. • Upright refrigerant tank holders can accommodate 30 or 50 lb. tanks in individual, stacked or side-byside configurations. To maximize floor space, sloped cradles with security straps are available. Specific models are designed to hold up to five small tanks, a combination of 30 and 50 lb. tanks, or up to four large tanks. • Although not typically included in standard packages, don’t forget to plan for additional safety equipment such as first aid kits, fire extinguishers and triangle reflector kits.

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organize larger tools and cargo. To safeguard valuable equipment, door kits are included to turn some of the open shelves into lockable units. Additional drawers organize smaller fittings and connectors, and removable bins are stackable for carrying small parts to the jobsite. Refrigerant racks, which can be mounted to provide access from the side or back door, accommodate 30 or 50 lb. tanks, or combinations of both sizes. Packages designed for plumbers add to the basic configuration with an emphasis on multiple drawers for organizing small parts. Drawer liners and dividers are popular accessories, as are removable bins that snap into place on the shelves. Many of these can accommodate dividers, and have space for labels to help keep the back of the truck neat and organized. Most plumbing packages also include a vice-mount assembly that telescopes out the rear doors. Combination HVAC/R and plumbing packages are also available, with a balance of shelving and drawers to provide maximum flexibility for carrying fittings, tools and pipe. If more drawers and fewer shelves, or fewer drawers and more tank storage, are preferred, upfitters will gladly swap components to tailor the package to suit individual needs. And customers can further customize their vehicles by adding accessories such as step stools and ladder racks, as well as small details like coat hooks, file holders and lock boxes.

MAXIMIZING SPACE, MINIMIZING DAMAGE Selecting a package that’s designed specifically for your vehicle allows you to maximize every inch of available space. It also ensures that your brand new truck won’t be damaged during the installation process. “Because the shelves are installed using the factory threaded nuts rather than self-tapping steel screws, no holes are made in the sheet metal, avoiding rust and tear out damage,” says Jason Legere, senior manager and chief marketing manager for commercial vehicles at Nissan Canada Inc. Adrian Steel Company has partnered with a number of vehicle manufacturers to design cargo management systems specifically to fit many popular commercial vehicles. “Adrian Steel developed the AD series of shelving with our engineers during the development phase of the NV,” explains Legere. “All shelves are fully adjustable and flexible using a Phillips screwdriver.” Most components can be moved forward or back, and up or down, to customize shelf space or add more drawers and bins. If your needs change with the season, your cargo system can change with you.

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Why Not Use the Best? There’s no better way of joining pipe and fittings than physically turning them into one piece. A fused connection:

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VALVES

B y Th o m a s D. Hu seb ye an d P at r ice B . B an sa

he supply stop has become one of the most important components in modern residential plumbing systems. And given that what it does is pretty simple, you would think that choosing one would be simple too, yet new design technologies now offer plumbers more choices than ever before.

Modern residential plumbing and piping began to take shape more than 100 years ago, but the milestone development that led to the modern supply stop we know today was the creation of a prototype flexible riser tube by Robert Zell in 1939. This simple, yet brilliant, contribution to the modern plumbing industry opened the door for more capable and convenient residential plumbing systems. It was significant in the industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transition from rigid, galvanized pipe to flexible copper plumbing and paved the road for easy installation and maintenance of water closets, faucets and fixtures, and appliances. It also enabled plumbers to isolate fixtures and appliances individually for replacement or service, rather than draining down the entire plumbing system in a house.

Thomas D. Husebye is vice-president of sales, and Patrice B. Bansa is vice-president of marketing and product development with Dahl Brothers Canada Limited. They can be reached by e-mail at tdhusebye@dahlvalve.com and patriceb@dahlvalve.com.

The first supply stop was essentially a compact globe valve which met the flow requirements of end of line applications. These supply stops were the de facto standard for decades, however there are many more choices for the modern tradesman today.

PUSH-PULL STOPS

THE MULTI-TURN COMPRESSION STOP Compression stops have a rising stem and a disc that seals against a seat. These stops have a low cost and can usually be repaired with a replacement of the disc, packing or the entire assembly or cartridge. This assembly or cartridge can also be removed for draining. Some manufacturers offer models that can be converted to tamper-resistant (loose key) operation in field. These tend to be superior to ball valves for throttling and adjusting flow, and they can be more tolerant of heavy sediment than other valve types. They do require multiple full turns to close

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and, depending on the manufacturer, they must be either disassembled or opened for soldering and allowed to cool before re-assembly. If internal scale deposits occur, they can make operation difficult and, in some cases, can result in a broken handle or snapped stem. Many compression stops now have plastic stems. This helps keep the cost of the valve down, but plastic stems are weaker than solid brass stems.

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These valves are in a class of their own. You pull the handle to open the water supply and push it to close the water supply. The valves are made entirely of plastic and typically have an integral riser installed on the outlet. The main advantages of this type of valve are cost, which is low, and the speed and ease of installation. Many are push-on connections that will fit 1/2" Copper, PEX or CPVC. On the downside, homeowners may not understand how to shut them off.

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VALVES

™

continued from page 84

A QUARTER-TURN STOP PLUG SUPPLY STOP VALVE

Premium Features. Economically Priced!

Bronze plug valves first appeared in ancient Rome, where they were used to manage municipal water distribution, but the technology has only been used in quarter-turn supply stops in the recent past. By incorporating more plastic components to reduce cost, plug valves were introduced as a less expensive quarterturn alternative to ball valves. These valves have a non-rising stem, with an O-ring creating the stem seal. The valves don’t have a stem thread, where scale deposits can accumulate, and sealing surfaces are not exposed to water, preventing the formation of scale. If scale does form, it will not cause an external leak. Sealing is dependent on a precision fit between the plug and valve body, which can be a concern, although plastic plugs have made this easier and more cost effective. Additional concerns to consider with this type of valve is that heavy sediment can damage the body or plug, creating a leak path, and pressure and temperature ratings of plastic plugs may be lower than all-brass or metal designs. Models are not available for solder connections, and the valves cannot be field repaired, so replacement will be necessary if the valve fails.

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These valves feature non-rising stems, with O-ring seals (double Oring in many cases) creating the seal. Scale build-up on the ball will not cause an external leak, and the units are constructed of solid

A Division of Canature North America Inc.

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Advantages match those of plug valves with respect to scale not having an impact on leak formation and scale accumulation, with the added benefit that ceramic sealing surfaces are resistant to chemical deterioration. The valves don’t have the same flow characteristics of ball valves though, and excessive heat from soldering may be detrimental to the ceramic disc and seals, so use caution when installing this type of stop.

Call to Find the Stocking Wholesaler Nearest You

Ceramic disc design is most commonly found in faucets, however it is now being used in some supply stop valves. Instead of having metal or plastic seal against rubber or Teflon seals, two very flat ceramic disks seal against one another. Ceramic, being harder than most other materials, is highly scratch resistant in the presence of scale or sediment.

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brass with Teflon seals that are resistant to chemical deterioration. High working pressure and temperature ratings of as much as 250 psi and 250°F are available in the marketplace. And many manufacturers in the sector offer valves that can be soldered without disassembly. While ball valves are very durable – much like push-pull, plug and some ceramic disc supply stops – these valves cannot be field repaired, so the entire valve must be replaced.

Join The Green Scene

SPECIALTY SUPPLY STOPS A variety of specialty supply stops are available on the market today, both in multiturn and quarter-turn ball designs. Dual outlet and dual shutoff valves allow plumbers to service multiple fixtures from one stub-out. A dual outlet isolates the water to both outlets simultaneously whereas a dual shutoff allows independent isolation of each outlet. A recent innovation is a supply stop with an integral water hammer arrester that absorbs the shock from quick closing solenoid valves found in dishwashers, icemakers, washing machines, toilets, single lever faucets and other devices which may cause water hammer.

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GOING LEAD-FREE Up to this point, the definition of lead-free allowed up to three per cent lead in brass, provided it met NSF 61 leachate requirements limiting how much of that lead entered the waterway. In the U.S., a law has been passed that the weighted average lead content of surfaces in contact with water may not exceed 0.25 per cent, regardless of leachate performance. This requires the use of new brass alloys which are more costly and difficult to manufacture, but are ultimately better for water quality and health.

Editor’s Note The quarter-turn supply stop for North American applications was pioneered by Trygve Husebye. Husebye immigrated to Canada in 1953, joining Dahl Brothers Canada Limited as a warehouse worker. He bought the company in 1960. Bringing the idea of compact quarter-turn ball valves with him from Europe, he developed the valves for North American installation applications and pipe sizes in 1984. Varieties now include plug valves and ceramic disc valves, and are offered by numerous manufacturers.

Special patent pending PVC flexible tubing. Eliminates four field joints. Innovator overflow parts assemble by hand. No screws. Approved by IAPMO. It’s green. You’ll get used to seeing it. Just ask your wholesaler

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Marketing with DOUG MACMILLAN

Doug MacMillan is president of MacMillan Marketing Group in Guelph, Ont. To reach him, e-mail dmac@macmillanmarketing.com.

As rebates end, don’t be another “slasher” victim s I’ve talked with heating contractors over the past few months, when the ecoEnergy rebates come up there is an audible shortness of breath. Pulses begin to race, and a slight panic sets in. The program’s expiry date is just around the corner, and soon they’ll have to tear off the Band-Aid and hope the pain doesn’t last too long.

For all the benefits these grants have brought to the industry over the past several years, they have also created an atmosphere of price-driven buying decisions. The marketing coming out of most contractors has been about savings, rebates and grants. The competition is all about who can promote the lowest priced installation. As March 31 looms, contractors should consider this an opportunity to shift to a premium position rather than continue with price-driven marketing. Sure, there is a risk in implying, “We’re not the cheapest,” in an economy where everyone is chasing the best deal possible. However, with the proper strategy you can earn the right to legitimately charge customers more than your competitors do. Roughly 150 million people use an iPhone. Three million iPads were sold within 80 days of its launch. Both products are amongst the highest priced in their categories, and rarely do they go on sale. We need look no further than Apple for a textbook case of premium price marketing in a rough economy. Apple offers a few cues about how to successfully transition a business from being the cheapest, to being the best – at any cost.

Paint a bigger picture Ever try these lines? “Yes, we cost a little more up front. In the long run though, we don’t. We put a lot of time into selecting the best equipment on the market. It’s thoroughly tested and proven to be long lasting and reliable. The cheapest doesn’t last as long.” And, “We also invest in regular product training to ensure that our reps and technicians are exceptionally qualified to sell you exactly, and only, what you need – and to do it right the first time.”

Make it easy to buy The sticker is less shocking when attractive financing plans, free firstyear protection plans, extended warranties and 100 per cent satisfaction guarantees are on the table. This allows you to address the fact that your customers don’t have big fat checkbooks but keeps you off the slippery slope of playing the “slasher” game.

Be an authority Everyone wants to work with the best, and in most communities ther e isn’t a brand name “celebrity” heating, cooling or plumbing expert. Hello opportunity! Connect with local cable, newspaper and radio shows about pr oviding expert advice columns and tips. Offer to troubleshoot (for free) complicated jobs done by someone else that have gone wr ong.

Up the cool factor Think it’s tough to be trendy in the HVAC and plumbing game? Think again. Market some of the “sexy” products that capture people’s interests, like radiant towel warmers, snow melt, geothermal and solar, tankless hot water, and sophisticated touch-screen thermostats (that look like iPads). Emphasize these in your marketing – and don’ t worry it will be assumed that you can also supply the basic “boxes”. And it wouldn’t hurt to use an iPad or other tablet device in sales meetings, either. Manufacturers are providing apps to make the sales job easier, so don’t overlook these helpful tools.

Tools

Cordless drill driver Cordless rotary hammer

Weighing 3.7 lb., Hilti’s cordless 18 V SFC 18-A compact drill driver features all-metal gears and 1,800 rpm operation. It offers up to 106 inch-pounds of force with 15 torque settings, has LED lights to illuminate the work area, and has a battery-power display.

The 5.7 pound, 18V RHH 180 SDS-plus rotary hammer from Bosch has an integrated LED light, a pneumatic hammer mechanism, and 360 in-lb. of torque. The brushless motor features electronic motor protection to prevent overheating.

www. hilti.ca

www. boschtools.com

Ratcheting driver handle The Connext3 ratcheting driver handle from Malco Products is equipped with quick-connect holders that accept any 1/4” hex shank power groove or insert style driver for use as a shaft. It features a forward and reverse ratcheting mechanism, as well as a locked driving position. The moulded-acetate grip is shock- and shatter-proof. The handle is available individually or as part of a kit.

www. malcotools.com

Right angle drill driver

Three-tool combo tool kit DeWalt’s 20 Volt/12 Volt MAX combo kit is exclusive to the Canadian market. The kit includes a compact hammer drill, a screwdriver, and an inspection camera. Two belt hooks, a bit tip holder and a kit box are also included.

www. dewalt.com

Milwaukee’s M18 cordless 3/8” right angle drill driver features an adjustable electronic clutch to provide eleven torque settings and one drill mode. With a 3-3/4” total head length, it is designed for use in close-quarter fastening applications. It offers up to 125 in-lb. of torque, zero to 1,500 rpm operation, a keyless ratcheting chuck, an extended paddle switch, and an LED light. A battery pack, charger and carrying case are optional.

www. milwaukeetool.com

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HVAC

hat’s the leading environmental cause of lung cancer? According to Health Canada, the U.S. Surgeon General, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the World Health Organization, it is radon gas.

DEFINITION Radon is a naturally-occurring radioactive gas that exists in the earth. It is formed by the breakdown of uranium in soil, rock and water. Outdoors it is of no concern. It is harmless until it enters homes and buildings where it can accumulate and people breathe it in. Then, at high levels and over time, it can cause lung cancer.

Every year an estimated 3,000 Canadians and 22,000 Americans die from radon-induced lung cancer. With this risk in mind, it is worth looking into what radon is, as well as what can be done to reduce our exposure risk. A tricky thing about radon, like other radioactive materials, is that it is colorless, odourless and tasteless. We can’t sense it without special detectors. Awareness of radon is relatively new in Canada, unlike in the U.S. and much of Europe. This puts Canadian HVAC contractors in a position to inform their residential and commercial customers about the hazard of radon. It also positions contractors to offer testing, and to participate in radon reduction should testing indicate high levels. Radon reduction often involves mechanical ventilation and that, of course, is the V in HVAC.

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ENTERING THE STRUCTURE Radon enters a home or building through any opening that is in contact with the soil. This includes foundation cracks, openings for pipes and utility connections, drains, sumps, and hollow support posts. Radon can also be in well water. Radon is more of a problem now than in the past because of changes in building construction. Thanks to tighter buildings, there is more of an opportunity for radon to accumulate and not be exhausted by the natural “breathing” of the building. We also make use of more combustion and ventilation appliances than in the past, which affect radon levels by decreasing indoor pressure relative to outdoors. The presence of radon is not at all predictable. It happens in both new and old buildings. A house with high levels can be next to a house with low levels. However, if radon is in the soil, it is more likely to enter the house or building if there is bare earth exposed, such as a crawl space, or cracks and unsealed penetrations in the sub-floor and foundation walls. There is also a higher likelihood if there are more combustion or continuous ventilation appliances. continues on page 92

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Renew Today: Online. Mail. Gerty. It’s your choice.

www.mechanicalbusiness.com Gerty, the Goddess of the nasal whistle, is our telemarketer. Technically speaking, her job is to talk to you to update your free yearly subscription (our auditors require an update from you every 12 months). Realistically, however,

Gerty just likes to talk. And talk. And talk. Oh, she eventually gets around to renewing your free subscription, but it sometimes just takes a while. You see, she has so much to share – her latest needlepoint project, Mrs. Muffles adventures at the Vets, her television ‘stories’ – and so much more. While she’d love to talk to you, we understand that you just might not have as much time. That’s why we include a handy tear-out subscription renewal card in every issue and provide an easy-to-use online form at www.mechanicalbusiness.com.

Gerty’s Got Her Eye On You! (well, at least her good eye).

HVAC

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ON THE WEB radoncorp.com cmhc-schl.gc.ca hc-sc.gc.ca nrsb.org neha.org

The Canadian national standard for radon has been established at 200 Becquerels per cubic metre of air, or 200 Bq/m3. To put that in perspective, average outdoor measurements are 10 Bq/m3. Safe indoor levels are 30-100 Bq/m3. The anticipated indoor maximum is 3,000 Bq/m3. Acceptable levels after reduction efforts are 75 Bq/m3.

A different type of testing is done with a radon monitor. A monitor continuously records readings, as often as every hour, for as long a period as desired. Radon measurements vary greatly due to a number of factors. Readings are higher in the winter because the home is closed up, and because heating appliances can cause a negative indoor air pressure. Numbers are higher at night because of reduced outside air.

Radon testing must be done with a dedicated detector or monitor. There are a number of types of detectors. No matter the type, the device should be placed on the lowest occupied level of the house or building, and should be exposed to normal air. It should not be in the path of drafts created by open windows or doors, or heating, air conditioning, or mechanical ventilation.

If measurement is changing from hour to hour, there will typically be a rise when the HVAC equipment is running. Because of this natural variability, longer measurement periods are better.

Perhaps the best known testing device is the inexpensive charcoal detector, which comes in a small metal can and is available at hardware and building supply stores. You remove the lid, expose the detector the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s air for between two and seven days, replace the lid, send it off the lab, and wait for the results in the mail. Other detectors are designed to be exposed for up to a year. The longer the exposure, the more accurate the results. The typical cost for a detector is between $50 and $100.

Where to get radon information Health Canada is in the process of developing protocols for radon testing and mitigation. In the interim, it suggests using information from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Health Canada also recommends that contractors get certification from accredited U.S. organizations such as the National Environmental Health Association (NEHA) and the National Radon Safety Board (NRSB).

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TOOL TIPS

Reducing Radon Remediation and mitigation are big words for the process of reducing the level of radon. Because of its technical aspects, determining the appropriate type of remediation should be done by a certified radon mitigator. Much of the actual work could be done by an HVAC contactor working in conjunction with the mitigator, since it involves primarily sealing and ventilation. The obvious work is sealing cracks and other openings, and covering any exposed earth with poly – film at least 6 mil thick. In all but the the lowest levels, mitigation also involves ventilating the space between the sub-floor and the soil under it. The typical cost of mitigation is between $1,500 and $3,000 in an existing building. It is considerably less if in new construction.

Overcoming negative pressure The reason for ventilating under the floor has to do with relative air pressure between the building and the soil. The science principle is that gas (and air is a gas) flows from positive to negative. The inside of a home or building is too often a negative pressure in relation to the outdoors. When there is a negative pressure, outside air is drawn in every possible opening, including those exposed to the soil in the basement or foundation. A solution is to actively depressurize the soil. A hole is drilled in the basement floor. Pipe is installed with a fan to draw radon from under the house and exhaust it to outdoors.

Let the tool do the work ow many times have you tried to force something only to have it break, or breakdown, in the process? Tool are like that. They are designed to do work, but they work best only when handled correctly. When the task is forced the tool will either not perform as expected, or will end up costing you more in labour and consumable parts like blades.

So, when it comes to cutting through wood and metal with a reciprocating saw, it pays to fight off the urge to help the saw along. While rocking the saw back and forth a little may help the blade get rid of material, these tools are not designed for you to add a sawing motion to the mix. This can actually damage the saw’s blade connector, and lessen the life of the blade dramatically. Not only that but evidence of this type of misuse may void the warranty. The proper way to make use of a reciprocating saw is with two hands; one on the handle, and one guiding the cut on the cover near the blade. The shoe should be properly supported or be riding on the workpiece. If you have a hacksaw-style recip, that can be used one-handed, but still ensure that the shoe is supported on the work. If you are cutting through 2 x 4 or larger wood, make use of the orbital function. If metal’s your game, make sure you have a metalcutting blade and don’t use the orbital function. When the reciprocating saw and blades are used correctly, the life of the blade will be maximized as well as the life of the tool.

Where’s radon found in Canada? Until this past October, Canada did not have a national geologic radon potential map. Created by Radon Environmental Management Corp., the map illustrates that large areas of the Canadian landmass, and many high population density and land use areas, reside in high or elevated radon potential zones. "Most Canadians are unaware of radon and the need to test their home,” reports Alan Whitehead, president and CEO. Radon map provided courtesy of Radon Environmental.

Sponsored by Milwaukee Electric Tool – a proud partner with Mechanical Business. Look for video tips, tools and reviews at www.milwaukeetool.com. Be sure to visit mechanicalbusiness.com for your chance to win valuable Milwaukee products and merchandise!

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HVAC/R Energy management system ecobee’s Energy Management System (EMS) is internet enabled and features intelligent automation, flexible programming and remote monitoring. It offers tracking of multiple locations, remote diagnostics, system report analysis and performance assessment. The unit uses standard HVAC terminology, needs no CAT wires, and requires no firewall changes.

Operating in cooling mode at up to 20 SEER, Carrier’s Infinity air-source heat pumps are available in two to five-ton models. The splitsystem units provide airflow of up to 5,000 cfm, and offer cooling function in ambient temperatures up to 125°F (52°C).

www. carrier.ca

www. ecobee.com

Napoleon’s Ultimate 9700 Series twostage, variable speed, high efficiency gas furnace has an AFUE rating of up to 97.1 per cent. It features a built in ultra violet light air purifier and LED service lights in the upper and lower cabinet. The unit comes with commercial grade stainless steel primary heat exchangers and a one-piece stainless steel outer door. It is available in four sizes with outputs ranging from 34,956 to 116,400 BTUH.

www. napoleonheatingandcooling.com

Continental Fan’s MID mixed flow inline fan features adjustable blade geometry and is designed for process ventilation and cabinet cooling. The fan comes in diameters of 12” to 24” with capacities of up to 5,340 cfm. Multiple blade settings and custom mounting arrangements are available, and the units offer steel housing with corrosion-resistant paint.

www. continentalfan.com

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Rinnai’s Tankless Heating System pairs a tankless water heater with a hydronic furnace to deliver both radiant heat and domestic hot water. The furnace uses a flexible air handler that requires no venting or gas lines. The units feature a DHW priority system as well as a programmable thermostat, and are available in four models ranging in size from 45,000 to 90,000 BTUH. They can be installed in upflow, downflow, horizontal left or horizontal right applications.

www. rinnai.ca

HVAC/R

Thermo-Pan from Thermo Manufacturing Inc. is made of corrugated insulation faced with aluminum and is an alternative to sheet metal for constructing air ducts between joists and stud cavities. It requires no shop fabrication and is designed to be installed by one person using a staple gun. It is available in six sizes ranging from 16” by 47-1/2” to 32” by 39-1/2”.

www. thermopan.com www.

The Danfoss Turbocor TT400 380V is an oil-free, variable-speed, magnetic bearing centrifugal compressor. Available in 50Hz and 60Hz models, the unit uses HFC-134a refrigerant and features low vibration and intelligent controls.

www. turbocor.com

KeepRite gas furnaces from International Comfort Products measure 35” in height and have an AFUE of up to 97 per cent. The units are designed for multi-position installation and have a dozen different venting options. Four models are available up to 100,000 BTUH in size. The modulating VC97 and two-stage VT96 models come with stainless steel primary and secondary heat exchangers.

Sporlan Catch-All filter driers from Parker Hannifin Corporation protect refrigerants against a wide variety of contaminants such as water, acids, solid particles and sludge. The CSG filter is available in two models that use the company’s See-All system monitoring capability. The combined unit replaces two fieldbrazed joints with a leak-free design that reduces the need for a copper connecting tube and braze material.

www. gokeeprite.com

www. parker.com

Coleman’s Apex convertible single-package heat pumps are designed for commercial applications installed on a roof curb, slab, roof jack or frame. They feature advanced economizer controls, independent refrigeration circuits, grooved copper tubes and aluminium-fin construction. The units are available in 15- and 20-ton sizes with nominal capacities of 180,000 to 240,000 BTUH and optional electric heaters.

www. colemanhvacdealer.com M e c h a n i c a l

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PLUMBING

The TempTAP thermostatic faucet series from Powers is designed for use in commercial and institutional applications. The faucets feature a paraffin actuator for temperature and pressure control. All key components, including the adjustable high-temperature stop limit, are accessible from above the sink. The faucets come in standard and gooseneck styles, and low flow models from 0.5 to 1.5 gpm are available.

The Royal Optima 111-1.28 ESS TMO water closet flushometer from Sloan Valve is rated at 1.28 gpf. It has a 22” to 42” sensor range and features a vandal-resistant stop cap. The unit has a “walk by” delay setting of eight seconds to reduce unintended flushes while not in use.

www. sloanvalve.com

www. powercontrols.com The JM-3055 Jet-Set from General Pipe Cleaners is a water jet drain cleaning machine. It features a 3,000 psi, 5.5 gpm pump and a 16 hp engine with electric start and two-to-one gear reducer. The unit, which comes with a removable 300-foot capacity hose reel, can be tipped back on its rear wheels to move it into position. Safety features include a thermal relief valve, a backflow check valve, and an inlet filter. A tool box, spray wand and chemical injector are included.

www. drainbrain.com

The Brita Hydration Station, distributed by Dobbin Sales, is available in two models for either recessed or surface wall mounting. It offers a 0.5 gpm flow rate and an electric sensor allows for touch-free operation. A 2,500-gallon capacity carbon block filter reduces chlorine, lead and cysts. The unit features a filter replacement indicator light and 30second timeout to prevent unwanted use.

www. britahydrationstation.com

Moen’s ioDigital vertical spa offers precise temperature and flow control, four custom presets, and one-touch activation of multiple spray outlets. The unit is powered by an electronic valve that can be installed up to 30 feet away, allowing for retrofit flexibility. The wall-mounted interface comes in chrome, brushed nickel and oilrubbed bronze. The system is also available for shower and Roman tub installs.

www. moen.ca 96

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PLUMBING Featuring cast-brass valve bodies and six-inch to 12” flexible hose connections, the Portsmouth widespread faucet from American Standard is available in chrome, oil-rubbed bronze and satin finishes. It offers a maximum flow rate of 1.25 gpm and has quarter-turn washerless ceramic disc valve cartridges.

www. americanstandard.ca

Zurn’s EcoVantage Z5758 Retrofit Pint urinal uses as little as 0.125 gpf (0.5 lpf) and features an oversized footprint for retrofit applications. It is constructed of vitreous china and offers a 2/3” top spud, 2” IPS outlet flange and rubber gasket with integral trap. The unit comes with a sensor-operated, high-efficiency flushometer valve and an internal flow regulator to maintain constant flow rates. It is available in battery-powered or hardwired models.

The SD45 ABS three-piece shower pan drain from OS&B features an extra-long strainer body to accommodate deeper installations. It offers a 2” ABS hub, a 4-1/2” interchangeable stainless steel screw-in strainer grate, and a reversible collar with extra-long thread and weeping channels for optimal drainage. The drain is available in chrome plate, brushed nickel, polished brass, Venetian bronze or white.

www. zurn.com

www. osb.ca

Self-cleaning back-wash sediment water filter Lower facility, operating costs and LEED the green revolution with JUDO Water Treatments patented and self-cleaning water filtration technology

FOR USE IN: Industrial Commercial Institutional Residential

www.judo-online.com JUDO Water Treatment Inc. 4-2060 Steeles Ave. West, Concord, ON, L4K 2V1 Tel. (866) 451-1555 info@judo-online.com

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Tel: (250) 545-7749 www.tekmarcontrols.com

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Tel: (888) 994-7726 www.uponorpro.com PAGE #

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Tel: (800) 387-7373 www.viessmann.ca WATCO

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Tel: (816) 796-3900 www.watcomfg.com

CIPH Gala March 21, 2012 Toronto, Ont www.ciph.com

2012 CIPH Ontario Region Conference May 25-27 Collingwood, Ont. www.ciph.com

CMX/CIPHEX March 22-24, 2012 Toronto, Ont. www.cmxciphexshow.com

CAF National Conference June 3-5, 2012 Regina, Sask. www.caf-fca.org

CIPH Ontario Business Meeting April 12, 2012 Orillia, Ont. www.ciph.com

CaGBC National Conference June 11-13, 2012 Toronto, Ont. www.cagbc.org

KBIS 2012 April 24-26, 2012 Chicago, Ill. www.kbis.com

Cleaner Heat 2012 June 12-13, 2012 Tremblant, Que. www.coha.ca

MEET 2012 May 2-3, 2012 Moncton, N.B. masterpromotions.com

CIPH ABC June 24-27 Montebello, Que. www.ciph.com

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RLDVIEW Jeff Patchell

It would never happen to me . . . ’m not sure if my home town of Melbourne holds an unfortunate record but we seem to have more than our fair share of plumbing van explosions.

These are such preventable accidents, with three I am aware of taking place in the past couple of years. Generally it means a life is lost, for others it has been their awakening and their life given a second chance. In our most recent accident, a young HVAC and plumbing technician lost his life when it is believed a leaking gas cylinder, one of seven in his van, exploded as he approached it. It is unclear what triggered the explosion, but the van’s automatic locking remote device is considered the likely cause. In this case, the force of the blast blew the sides and roof off the van and threw the young man about five-metres, spraying shards of metal and glass over a 100-metre radius. In another incident I remember some years back, a plumber climbed into the driver’s seat of his van sitting in his home driveway, intending to light his first cigarette for the day. Unfortunately his lighter ignited some leaky gas that was present and the whole vehicle blew up around him. He survived due only to incredible luck, as the explosion blew back behind him. The van was unrecognisable and completely burnt out. The van pictured here exploded as an apprentice approached. Following the investigation, it was determined that, like the case previously mentioned, the apprentice unknowingly set it off using the van’s central locking remote device. His employer received a $25,000 fine, following a WorkSafe investigation. The investigation found that the employer failed to: • Ensure the safety-cabinet in which the acetylene was stored was airtight; 100

• Ensure the cabinet was properly vented to the outside of the vehicle; and • Ensure the employees conducted a soapy wash test to check that the cylinders were not leaking before they loaded the cylinders into the vehicle.

SHOP TALK In several of these instances, it appears the automatic locking device has been the culprit – so maybe there is good reason to consider de-activating these devices on your company vans, going back to using the key. While that may bring screams from the younger staff, it may also just save a life. And it makes for a good topic for the next toolbox talk with your crew. Take them through the following guidelines for gas cylinder safety. Even better, print them up and stick inside the back door of their vans as a constant reminder. • Transport cylinders properly secured and in the approved transport position. Cylinders and cylinder packs are heavy and need to be properly loaded and secured prior to dispatch to prevent them from coming loose and becoming a hazard. • If no other options exist and you must transport the cylinders in a van or car, ensure that the cylinders have been thoroughly leak checked and ensure the vehicle is well ventilated. Do not transport large quantities in this fashion. • Make sure the cylinder storage area of the vehicle is properly ventilated at all times. Windows or sides must be kept partly open to ensure good cross flow of air. Secure the cylinder. • Do not transport cylinders with regulators or equipment attached even if the cylinder valves are closed. • Remove the cylinders from the vehicle immediately upon arrival at the destination. • Check that cylinders have not been tampered with. Full cylinders are supplied with caps/plugs and in some cases the valve is encapsulated in a tamper evident shrink wrap film. If these are missing, exchange for one that is properly labeled. Better to be safe than sorry.

Jeff Patchell is managing director of Connection Magazines Pty Ltd. He operates www.worldplumbinginfo.com, an online plumbing industry knowledge bank.

Join us as we celebrate $2.5 million raised by CIPH and HRAI members for Habitat for Humanity Canada

Gala Evening Featuring Martin Dubé

Wednesday March 21 2012 Fairmont Royal York Hotel, Toronto, ON

Scan here to register or visit www.ciph.com

Internationally renowned impressionist

Martin Dubé

Join Martin as he takes you on a journey through his “Tribute to Broadway” “Tribute to Disco” “Name that Film” - interactive musical guessing game - and much more.

The Gala Evening is supported by HRAI members

Compiled by Mechanical Business

HOME SWEET HOME

$330 BILLION Housing related spending in Canada in 2010.

7.1% Increase in housing related spending from 2001 to 2010.

HONEY-DO

ICE TIME

32%

4 TO 6 HOURS

of Canadians have a household job jar.

The time it takes to convert T orontoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Air Canada Centre from basketball court to a full hockey set-up.

28%

of Canadians list plumbing as the most dreaded job.

$1.5 BILLION 5.8%

Profit generated by electrical, plumbing, heating and airconditioning equipment and supplies wholesalers-distributors in 2009.

Average annual increase

FLOATING AROUND

GAS FLAME 6.2 million Number of Canadian

homes heated with natural gas.

CAMPAIGN HEATS UP

time a 10 days Approximate water molecule spends in the air once evaporated.

25.7 MILLION

Sources: Air Canada Centre, RBC, Canadian Tire, CMHC, Statistics Canada, Industry Canada

102

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Number of media impressions generated by the Beautiful Heat hydronics campaign to-date. PM# 41536047 Postmaster: Please send all address changes or undeliverable copies to: Mechanical Business, 19 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1525 Cornwall Road, Oakville, ON L6J 0B2

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