An Exhibition of the Arts of The TANG DYNASTY
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OCTOBER 2017 MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD.
An Exhibition of the Arts of
The Tang Dynasty
倧 å å±
13 21 October 2017
Venue MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD.
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500
å å
æ
530
556
西
é
å
åš
é 534
æ±
é
550
å
æ
570
581
600
â
589
é
618
é«ç¥ 618ã626 å€ªå® 626ã649
å
- 655 æŠç §ïŒå倩æŠåïŒçåãšãªã
å
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- 682 æŽéœãç¥éœãšãã 684
å倩æŠå 690ã705
700
â ¡
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å
äž
å
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698
- 755 å®å²ã®ä¹±èµ·ãã 756 - 760 è¶çµãã®é ã«èšããã
800
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枀
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- 868 éŸåã®ä¹±èµ·ãã
å
- 874 é»å·£ã®å€§ä¹±èµ·ãã
900 907
äº
917
代
960
1000
å
926
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5
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Preface
Through its artworks, this exhibition seeks a reconsideration of the totality of
the great Tang empire that lasted approximately three hundred years.
The Tang dynasty is generally divided chronologically into four periods, the
Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and Late Tang. This exhibition is further arranged into the following three periods to supplement those basic divisions. I.
Sui Dynasty to Reign of Emperor Gaozong (primarily Sui and Early Tang)
II. Reign of Empress Wu Zetian through Reign of Emperor Xuanzong (primarily High Tang) III. From the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang Chao Great Rebellion through the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (primarily Mid Tang, Late Tang and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period)
Thus the Sui dynasty that preceded the Tang and the Five Dynasties and Ten
Kingdoms period that followed the fall of the Tang are included within the scope of this exhibition.
In section 1 from the Sui through the Early Tang, China was governed by a
Northern dynasties ruling class based on the Guanlong group (é¢éŽéå£) that also played an important and continuous role in culture.
We can say that the flourishing of culture in the early Tang was essentially
based on that of the Sui dynasty, which led to the first empire and its great wisdom to unify all of China in approximately 380 years since Han dynastyâs fall.
One example of this cultural flourishing can be seen in the creation and
development of white porcelain that continued on from the Northern Qi dynasty. Extant works indicate that the production of white porcelains flourished in northern China. These works formed one of the major trends in the history of Chinese ceramics.
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Next, the High Tang period of section 2. The autocratic rule of Empress Wu
Zetian shifted the governing base from the Guanlong group to bureaucracies chosen by imperial examination, and as the empire matured, its culture became all the more vibrant.
Sancai is the representative art form of this period. Today sancai ware is so
widely known and collected that it is often the first type of ceramics conjured when the Tang dynasty is mentioned in the context of Chinese ceramics. White porcelains continued to be produced, but the brilliance of sancai began to overshadow their presence.
In the final section 3, the time from the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang
Chao Great Rebellion to Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was a turbulent time marking the change from the Tang to the Song. This period was relatively long, more than a century and a half. It was a time when the great Tang dynasty gradually weakened, and while the impression that it was a culturally stagnant period remains, it is clear that this time marked the breakthrough to the pre-modern era. For example, we can sense a pre-modern self and viewpoint in the poetry of Bai Juyi, one of the shining lights of the Mid Tang. Similarly in Buddhism, there was a shift during this period from esoteric Buddhism to Zen. Confucianism enjoyed a renewed authority, and thus strengthened the basis for the scholar-official class of the Song dynasty.
In ceramics, this period saw the production of functional and highly abstract
works, and in the Late Tang, there began to appear ceramics that were quite refined and can be considered prototypes of Song dynasty porcelain.
The so-called “mysterious color celadons� from Yue ware in late Tang (such as
those excavated at Famensi temple) and the Ru ware that appeared at the end of the Northern Song can be considered the two pillars of celadon in Chinese ceramics.
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The later emergence of Ru ware came after the flourishing of celadon from the
Mid Tang onwards, and a look at the diverse array of extant examples shows just how many different kilns for celadon production existed.
In white porcelains, it was the Mid Tang and the Late Tang that saw the
appearance of such famous wares as Xingzhou ware and Ding ware, thus it is not an exaggeration to call this period the age of celadon and white porcelain.
This exhibition is made up of works that exemplify the above three periods.
We hope that you will enjoy gaining a sense of the three-century flow of the great Tang dynasty through these works.
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd.
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Brief Chronology
500
Northern Wei Southern Dynasties
530
Western Wei
556
Northern Zhou
534 550 570
Eastern Wei Northern Qi
581
600
â
589
Sui
618
Emperor Gaozu 618ã626 Emperor Taizong 626ã649
- 655 Wu Tian becomes empress.
Early Tang
Emperor Gaozong 649ã683
- 682 Tang capital moved to Luoyang. 684
700
â ¡
High Tang
Empress Wu Zetian 690ã705 Emperor Xuanzong 712ã756
698
- 755 An Lushan Rebellion 756 - ca. 760 Lu Yu wrote the Classic of Tea.
Mid Tang
800
827 - 835 Ganlu Incident - 845 Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution
â ¢
Balhae
804 KÅ«kai entered Tang.
- 859 Qiufu Rebellion - 868 Pangxun Rebellion
Emperor Wenzong 827ã840
Late Tang
- 874 Huang Chao Great Rebellion
900 907
917
Five Dynasties
926
960
1000
Northern Song
9
Liao
I. é ã ã é« å® ã® æ²» äž ãŸ ã§ Sui Dynasty to Reign of Emperor Gaozong
1. çœç£å€©é¶å£º éïŒïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 12.7 cm é« 24.2 cm åºå±
ãåç£ çœç£ã»éç£ã»äžåœ©ãæ ¹æŽ¥çŸè¡é€š , 1988 幎, no. 16. æèŒ
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿ , 1956 幎, æ¿å³ 43.
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» ãéåç¯ããæ²³åºæžæ¿æ°ç€Ÿ , 1961幎, æ¿å³ 43. ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äžé , 1976 幎, å³ç 106.
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH LUGS AND CHICKEN HEAD FINIAL WITH DRAGON HANDLE
Sui
D. 12.7 cm H. 24.2 cm EXHIBITED
Tang Pottery and Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 16. LITERATURE
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai TÅji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 43.
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 43.
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â , 1976, pl. 106.
12
13
2. éç£é·é žç¶ åæïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ èŽåŸ 12.5 cm é« 21.6 cm
CELADON PORCELAIN LONG NECK BOTTLE
Northern Qi
D. 12.5 cm H. 21.6 cm
14
15
3. çœç£é·é žç¶ éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ èŽåŸ 14.5 cm é« 25.2 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN LONG NECK BOTTLE
Sui
D. 14.5 cm H. 25.2 cm
16
17
4. çœç£æ¯ éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 11.3 cm é« 8.9 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN CUP
Sui
D. 11.3 cm H. 8.9 cm
18
19
5. çœç£æ¯ éãååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 9.2 cm é« 7.3 cm æ¥æŽ Clive D. CollinsïŒ1917~2009 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN CUP
Sui - Early Tang D. 9.2 cm H. 7.3 cm PROVENANCE Clive
Collection.
D. Collins (1917-2009)
6. çœç£åè³å£º éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ èŽåŸ 9.0 cm é« 7.7 cm æ¥æŽ äŒ 1968 幎 ç¹å±±éŸæ³å .
äŒ 1968 幎 Bluett & Sons Ltd, ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH FOUR LUGS
Sui D. 9.0 cm H. 7.7 cm PROVENANCE Mayuyama
repute).
& Co., Ltd. 1968 (by
Bluett & Sons Ltd, London, 1968 (by repute). Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
20
7. çœç£æææ¯ ååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 9.0 cm é« 5.3 cm æ¥æŽ Dennis Alfred BarnhamïŒ1920 ã 1981 幎ïŒæ§èµïŒ1949 幎 4 æã« John Hewitt ããè³Œå ¥ïŒ.
WHITE PORCELAIN CUP WITH HANDLE
Early Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 5.3 cm PROVENANCE Dennis
Alfred Barnham (1920-1981) Collection, acquired from John Hewitt, April 1949.
21
8. çœç£å¥³å éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ é« 26.7 cm æ¥æŽ
Andre CarlhianïŒ1883 ã 1968 幎ïŒæ§èµ . C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.
WHITE PORCELAIN WOMAN
Sui
H. 26.7 cm PROVENANCE
Andre Carlhian (1883-1968) Collection. C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.
22
23
9. å 圩女å éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ é« 25.0 cm æ¥æŽ
Andre CarlhianïŒ1883 ã 1968 幎ïŒæ§èµ . C. T. Loo ïŒ Co. Frank Caro.
PAINTED POTTERY WOMAN
Sui
H. 25.0 cm PROVENANCE
Andre Carlhian (1883-1968) Collection. C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.
24
25
éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ èŽåŸ 21.4 cm é« 13.9 cm
CELADON JAR
Sui D. 21.4 cm H. 13.9 cm
26
11. éç£åè³å£º éïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽåïŒ èŽåŸ 17.5 cm é« 16.8 cm
CELADON JAR WITH TWO LUGS
Sui D. 17.5 cm H. 16.8 cm
27
éãååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ èŽåŸ 19.6 cm é« 13.5 cm æ¥æŽ Frederick M. MayerïŒã 1974 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
åºå± ãChinese CeramicsãLos Angeles County Museum, 1952, no. 90.
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR (right)
Sui - Early Tang D. 19.6 cm H. 13.5 cm PROVENANCE Frederick EXHIBITED Chinese
M. Mayer (d. 1974) Collection.
Ceramics, Los Angeles County Museum, 1952, no. 90.
ååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ èŽåŸ 4.5 cm é« 3.1 cm æ¥æŽ Myron S. FalkïŒ1906 ã 1989 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR (below)
Early Tang D. 4.5 cm H. 3.1 cm PROVENANCE Myron
S. Falk (1906-1989) Collection.
28
29
14. çœç£éŸè³ç¶ ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ èŽåŸ 22.8 cm é« 42.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN VASE WITH DRAGON HANDLES
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 22.8 cm H. 42.0 cm
30
31
15. è€ééŸè³ç¶ ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ èŽåŸ 20.2 cm é« 39.3 cm
BROWN GLAZED VASE WITH TWO DRAGON HANDLES
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 20.2 cm H. 39.3 cm
32
33
16. çœç£ç£è³ç¶ ååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ èŽåŸ 29.7 cm é« 58.9 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN VASE WITH ANIMAL HANDLES
Early Tang
D. 29.7 cm H. 58.9 cm
34
35
16. çœç£ç£è³ç¶ ïŒéšåïŒ
36
37
17. çœç£è¡äººææåŒå£æ°Žæ³š éãååïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 12.3 cm é« 23.2 cm æ¥æŽ
Anna Ilsley Ball KneelandïŒ1865 ã 1955 幎ïŒæ§èµïŒ1918 ã 1931 幎ã«è³Œå ¥ïŒ, ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ . 1955 ã 2014 幎 4 æãŸã§ Yale University Art Gallery ã«å¯èš .
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH AND HANDLE DECORATED WITH HUREN
Sui - Early Tang
D. 12.3 cm H. 23.2 cm PROVENANCE
Anna Ilsley Ball Kneeland (1865-1955) Collection, New York, acquired 1918-1931. On loan: Yale University Art Gallery, 1955 to April 2014.
38
39
18. çœç£éŸåœ¢ææåŒå£æ°Žæ³š ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 19.6 cm é« 37.4 cm æ¥æŽ
äžåœé¶ç·çŸè¡é€šæ§èµ . æèŒ
ãäžåœé¶ç·çŸè¡é€šèµåæ°éã1998 幎, å³ç 21.
ãïŒä¿ã»é¶ã»è¯ïŒé€šèµåªåæ°éã2005 幎, å³ç 11.
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH AND HANDLE DECORATED WITH DRAGON
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 19.6 cm H. 37.4 cm PROVENANCE
The Chinese Ceramics Museum Collection. LITERATURE
ChÅ«goku TÅji Bijutsu Kan ZÅhin Senshu, 1998, pl. 21. -YÅTÅKa- KanzÅ YÅ«hin Senshu, 2005, pl. 11.
40
41
19. çœç£å è³æè壺 ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽååïŒ èŽåŸ 22.3 cm é« 25.3 cm æ¥æŽ
Eskenazi Ltd., ãã³ãã³ïŒno. 8935ïŒ.
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH LID AND TWO RABBIT LUGS
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 22.3 cm H. 25.3 cm PROVEANCE
Eskenazi Ltd., London (no. 8935).
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43
20. çœç£å è³å£º
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS
ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 13.4 cm é« 11.9 cm æ¥æŽ Ian GreenleesïŒ1913 ã 1988 幎ïŒ1961 幎ãŸã§æ§èµ .
Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Early Tang - High Tang D. 13.4 cm H. 11.9 cm PROVENANCE Ian
1961.
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
Greenlees (1913-1988) Collection until
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
44
21. çœç£å è³å£º ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 13.5 cm é« 11.2 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS
Early Tang - Hight Tang D. 13.5 cm H. 11.2 cm
22. çœç£å è³å£º ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 11.1 cm é« 10.0 cm æ¥æŽ 1982 幎 4 æ 7 æ¥ã« Christieâs ã«åºåããã ,
Lot 168.
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS
Early Tang - High Tang D. 11.1 cm H. 10.0 cm PROVENANCE Christies,
Fine Chinese
Ceramics, Jades And Works Of Art, 7 April 1982, Lot 168.
45
23. çœç£ç€ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 16.8 cm é« 3.5 cm æ¥æŽ Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
WHITE PORCELAIN DISH
Early Tang D. 16.8 cm H. 3.5 cm PROVENANCE Bluett
& Sons Ltd., London.
46
24. çœç£é«è¶³æ¯ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.6 cm é« 8.5 cm æ¥æŽ Myron S. FalkïŒ1906 ã 1989 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL ON A HIGH FLARING FOOT
Early Tang D. 12.6 cm H. 8.5 cm PROVENANCE Myron
Collection.
S. Falk (1906-1989)
25. çœç£å£º ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 14.6 cm é« 14.0 cm æ¥æŽ äŒ Warren E. CoxïŒã 1977 幎ïŒæ§èµ ,
ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR ON A FLARING FOOT
Early Tang D. 14.6 cm H. 14.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren
E. Cox (d. 1977)
Collection, New York (by repute).
47
26. çœç£ç€å£å£º ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 10.9 cm é« 11.0 cm æ¥æŽ äŒ Warren E. CoxïŒã 1977 幎ïŒæ§ èµ , ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR
Early Tang D. 10.9 cm H. 11.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren
E. Cox (d. 1977) Collection, New York (by repute).
48
27. çœç£ç€å£å£º ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 12.4 cm é« 12.9 cm æ¥æŽ 欧å·æ§å®¶æ§èµïŒ1970 ã 1980 幎代åé ã«è³Œå ¥ïŒ.
1982 幎, Benjamin J. Stein, ã¢ã ã¹ãã«ãã .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR
Early Tang D. 12.4 cm H. 12.9 cm PROVENANCE The
private collection of a European family acquired in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Benjamin J. Stein, Amsterdam, acquired 1982.
49
28. çœç£æ¯ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.2 cm é« 10.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN CUP
Early Tang
D. 12.2 cm H. 10.0 cm
50
51
29. çœéå 圩ã¢ã«ã³ãµã¹æ壺 ïŒå³ïŒ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 17.0 cm é« 15.8 cm åºå± ãæ°çºèŠã»æŠåŸæªå ¬éååå±ã, æ¥æ¬æ©äžè¶ , 1962 幎. ãåå®åé¶å±ã, æ¥æ¬æ©çœæšå± , 1964 幎, no. 52. ã¿
ãäžåœé¶ç£ çŸãéãããããæ³å±åå€é€šå通 , 2006 幎, no. 8.
æèŒ ãå€çŸè¡ 第 9 å·ãäžåœ©ç€Ÿ , 1965 幎, p. 93-94. ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äžé , 1976 幎, å³ç 223.
PAINTED WHITE GLAZED JAR DECORATED WITH ACANTHUS DESIGN (right)
Early Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 15.8 cm EXHIBITED Shinhakkenã»Sengo
MikÅkai Meihinten, Nihombashi Mitsukoshi, Tokyo, 1962.
TÅ SÅ MeitÅten, Nihonbashi Shirakiya, Tokyo, 1964, no. 52.
Chinise Ceramics, Enlightening Through Beauty, Sen-Oku Hakuko Kan, Tokyo, 2006, no. 8. LITERATURE Kobijutsu
Vol. 9, Sansai-sha, 1965, p. 93- 94.
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â , 1976, pl. 223.
30. çœé壺 ïŒäžïŒ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 14.2 cm é« 12.5 cm æ¥æŽ Herbert C. Shipman, Keaâau, HawaiâIïŒ1892 ã 1976 幎ïŒæ§èµ . 1989 ã 1994 幎ãŸã§ Lyman Museum ã«å¯èŽ .
WHITE GLAZED JAR (below)
Early Tang D. 14.2 cm H. 12.5 cm PROVENANCE Herbert
C. Shipman, Keaâau, HawaiâI (1892-1976) Collection.
Gifted to the Lyman Museum from 1989-1994.
52
53
31. 32. çœéæè壺 äžå¯Ÿ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 13.8 cmïŒå·ŠïŒ 13.0 cmïŒå³ïŒ é« 14.7 cm æ¥æŽ
Herbert C. Shipman, Keaâau, HawaiâIïŒ1892 ã 1976 幎ïŒæ§èµ . 1989 ã 1994 幎ãŸã§ Lyman Museum ã«å¯èŽ .
WHITE GLAZED JARS WITH LIDS
Early Tang
D. 13.8 cm (left) 13.0 cm (right) H. 14.7 cm PROVENANCE
Herbert C. Shipman, Keaâau, HawaiâI (1892-1976) Collection. Gifted to the Lyman Museum from 1989-1994.
54
.
55
33. é»éå 圩éšéŠ¬å¥³å ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é· 20.8 cm é« 27.4 cm
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN ON HORSEBACK
Early Tang
L. 20.8 cm H. 27.4 cm
56
57
34. é»éå 圩éšéŠ¬å¥³å ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é· 23.6 cm é« 30.8 cm æ¥æŽ
è€å²¡äºäžïŒ1909 ã 1991 幎ïŒç®±æž .
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN ON HORSEBACK
Early Tang
L. 23.6 cm H. 30.8 cm PROVENANCE
Box inscription by Ryoichi Fujioka (1909-1991).
58
59
35. é»éå 圩è¡äºº ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 25.0 cm
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HUREN
Early Tang H. 25.0 cm
36. é»éå 圩女å ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 19.8 cm
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN
Early Tang H. 19.8 cm
60
37. é»éå åœ©äººç© ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 19.2 cm
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED MAN
Early Tang H. 19.2 cm
38. é»éå 圩ç ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é· 24.0 cm é« 19.0 cm æ¥æŽ 1989 幎 12 æ 12 æ¥ Sothebyâs London ã«åºå
ããã , Lot 194.
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED COW
Early Tang L. 24.0 cm H. 19.0 cm PROVENANCE Sothebyâs
1989, Lot 194.
London, 12 December
61
62
39. ç·éæŠäºº
40. é»éå 圩銬
ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 34.4 cm
ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é· 28.9 cm é« 29.5 cm
GREEN GLAZED WARRIOR
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HORSE
Early Tang
Early Tang
H. 34.4 cm
L. 28.9 cm H. 29.5 cm
63
41. 42. é»éå 圩銬 ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ ïŒå·ŠïŒé· 33.8 cm é« 33.2 cm ïŒå³ïŒé· 31.9 cm é« 31.6 cm
64
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HORSES Early Tang (left) L. 33.8 cm H. 33.2 cm (right) L. 31.9 cm H. 31.6 cm
65
43. é»éå 圩é®å¢ç£ ååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 39.2 cm
PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED GUARDIAN
Early Tang
H. 39.2 cm
66
67
68
II. å 倩 æŠ å ã® æ²» äž ã ã ç å® ã® æ²» äž ãŸ ã§ Reign of Empress Wu Zetian through Reign of Emperor Xuanzong
69
44. è©è©ç«å ååïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ é« 34.8 cm æ¥æŽ
ç¹å±±éŸæ³å 1950 幎以å . Victor L. Hauge æ§èµ .
STANDING BODHISATTVA
Early Tang
H. 34.8 cm PROVENANCE
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., prior to 1950. Victor L. Hauge Collection.
70
71
45. è®æä»æç ååïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ é« 59.0 cm æèŒ
ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äºé , 1976 幎, å³ç 146.
RELIEF FRAGMENT WITH BUDDHIST IMAGES ON LOTUS BUDS
Early Tang
H. 59.0 cm LITERATURE
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â ¡, 1976, pl. 146.
72
73
46. å 圩女å çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é« 34.7 cm æ¥æŽ
å°å±±åšå£«å€«ïŒ1900 ã 1975 幎ïŒç®±æž .
PAINTED POTTERY WOMAN
High Tang
H. 34.7 cm PROVENANCE
Box inscription by Fujio Koyama (1900-1975).
74
75
47. äžåœ©éŠ¬ çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ é· 81.9 cm é« 75.2 cm æ¥æŽ
æ± ç°å人ïŒ1899 ã 1965 幎ïŒæ§èµ . æèŒ
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿ , 1956 幎, å³ 123.
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿æ°ç€Ÿ , 1961幎, å³ç 123. å°å±±åšå£«å€«ãæ±æŽå€é¶ç£ã1961幎, å³ç 5.
SANCAI HORSE
High Tang
L. 81.9 cm H. 75.2 cm PROVENANCE
Hayato Ikeda (1899-1965) Collection. LITERATURE
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai TÅji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 123.
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 123.
Fujio Koyama, TÅyÅ KotÅji, 1961, pl. 5.
76
77
47. äžåœ©éŠ¬ ïŒåŸïŒ
78
79
48. äžåœ©é³³éŠç¶ ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 14.5 cm é« 28.2 cm åºå±
ãéåã®çŸè¡ã京éœåœç«åç©é€š , 1959 幎, no. 148. ãåå®åé¶å±ãæ¥æ¬æ©çœæšå± , 1964 幎, no. 2. æèŒ
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿, 1956 幎, å³ 56.
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿æ°ç€Ÿ, 1961 幎, å³ç 56. äžäžéŠåœŠãé¶åšå šé 第 25 å·»ïŒåäžåœ©ã1965 幎, å³ç 2.
æ°Žéæž äžãé¶ç£å€§ç³» 第 35 å·»ïŒåäžåœ©ã1977 幎, å³ç 31. äœè€é 圊ãäžåœé¶ç£å²ã1978 幎, å³ 100.
å¹³éå€é¶è»ãå€é¶è»æ°è¯ã1988 幎, å³ç 40.
SANCAI PHOENIX-HEAD EWER
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 14.5 cm H. 28.2 cm EXHIBITED
Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, Kyoto National Museum, Kyoto, 1959, no. 148. TÅ So MeitÅten, Nihonbashi Shirakiya, Tokyo, 1964, no. 2. LITERATURE
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai TÅji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 56. Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 56.
Kunihiko Shimonaka, TÅ Sansai, Vol. 25 from the series, TÅji Zenshu, 1965, pl. 2. Seiichi Mizuno, TÅ Sansai, Vol. 35 from the series, TÅji Taikei, 1977, pl. 31. Masahiko Sato, ChÅ«goku TÅjishi, 1978, pl. 100.
Hirano KotÅken Co., Ltd., KotÅken Senka, 1988, pl. 40.
80
81
49. äžåœ©é³³éŠç¶ çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 16.2 cm é« 33.3 cm æèŒ
ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äžé , 1976 幎, å³ç 234.
SANCAI PHOENIX-HEAD EWER
High Tang
D. 16.2 cm H. 33.3 cm LITERATURE
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â , 1976, pl. 234.
82
83
ãµã
50. äžåœ© é çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 19.7 cm é« 12.0 cm
SANCAI FU High Tang D. 19.7 cm H. 12.0 cm
84
85
51. ç·é壺 ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåïŒ èŽåŸ 20.1 cm é« 16.1 cm æ¥æŽ
Richard Edmund Relfe LuffïŒ1887 ã 1969 幎ïŒæ§èµ . The R. E. R. Luff Will Trust æ§èµ .
1973 幎 6 æ 26 æ¥ã« Sothebyâs London ã«åºåããã, Lot 8. åºå±
ãWares of the Tâang DynastyãOriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 169. ãæ±æŽå€çŸè¡å±ãæ¥æ¬æ©äžè¶ , æ±äº¬, 1974 幎, no. 6.
ããšãŒãããç§èµå€äŒäžéæ¿å³è¡éå€é¶ç£å±ãæ¥æ¬æ©é«å³¶å±, æ±äº¬, 1975 幎, no. 10.
GREEN GLAZED JAR
Early Tang - High Tang
D. 20.1 cm H. 16.1 cm PROVENANCE
Richard Edmund Relfe Luff (1887-1969) Collection. The R. E. R. Luff Will Trust Collection.
Sothebyâs London, 26 June 1973, Lot 8. EXHIBITED
Wares of the Tâang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 169. TÅyÅ Kobijutsu Ten, Nihombashi Mitsukoshi, Tokyo, 1974, no. 6.
YÅroppa HizÅ Koimari Kakiemon KotÅji Ten, Nihombashi Takashimaya, Tokyo, 1975, no. 10.
86
87
52. äžåœ©å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ èŽåŸ 20.1 cm é« 17.8 cm æ¥æŽ
Lord Rolf CunliffeïŒ1899 ã 1963 幎ïŒæ§èµ . åºå±
ãWares of the Tâang DynastyãOriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 26.
ãThe Arts of the Tâang DynastyãOriental Ceramic Society, 1955 幎, no. 98. æèŒ
Oriental Ceramic SocietyãThe Arts of the Tâang Dynastyã1955 幎, å³ç 7-b99.
SANCAI JAR
High Tang
D. 20.1 cm H. 17.8 cm
PROVENANCE
Lord Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. EXHIBITED
Wares of the Tâang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 26.
The Arts of the Tâang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1955, no. 98. LITERATURE
Oriental Ceramic Society, The Arts of the Tâang Dynasty, 1955, pl. 7-b99.
88
89
53. äžåœ©å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 21.6 cm é« 27.0 cm æèŒ
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿ , 1956 幎, å³ 10.
ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿æ°ç€Ÿ , 1961 幎, å³ç 10.
ãäžççŸè¡å šé 第 15 å·» äžåœ (4) éã»åãè§å·æžåº , 1961 幎, æ¿å³ 79. ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äžé , 1976 幎, å³ç 248.
æ°Žéæž äžãé¶ç£å€§ç³» 第 35 å·»ïŒåäžåœ©ã1977 幎, å³ç 43. äœè€é 圊ãäžåœé¶ç£å²ã1978 幎, å³ç 94.
SANCAI JAR WITH LID
High Tang
D. 21.6 cm H. 27.0 cm LITERATURE
Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai TÅji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 10. Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha,1961, pl. 10.
ChÅ«goku (4) Zuiã»TÅ, Vol. 15 from the series, Sekai Bijutsu ZenshÅ«, Kadokawa Shoten Publishing Co., Ltd., 1961, pl. 79.
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â , 1976, pl. 248.
Seiichi Mizuno, TÅ Sansai, Vol. 35 from the series, TÅji Taikei, 1977, pl. 43. Masahiko Sato, ChÅ«goku TÅjishi, 1978, pl. 94.
90
91
54. äžåœ©å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 21.4 cm é« 19.4 cm æ¥æŽ
Lord Rolf CunliffeïŒ1899 ã 1963 幎ïŒæ§èµ . åºå±
ãWares of the Tâang DynastyãOriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 128.
SANCAI JAR
High Tang
D. 21.4 cm H. 19.4 cm PROVENANCE
Lord Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. EXHIBITED
Wares of the Tâang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 128.
92
93
55. çœé壺 çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 27.7 cm é« 33.7 cm
WHITE GLAZED JAR WITH LID
High Tang
D. 27.7 cm H. 33.7 cm
94
95
56. äžåœ©æè壺 çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 18.5 cm é« 19.7 cm
SANCAI JAR WITH LID
High Tang
D. 18.5 cm H. 19.7 cm
96
97
57. äžåœ©å®çžè¯æç€ çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ åŸ 17.7 cm é« 4.5 cm
SANCAI TRAY WITH THREE FEET AND FLORAL DESIGN
High Tang D. 17.7 cm H. 4.5 cm
98
99
58. äžåœ©æŽ çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ åŸ 20.2 cm é« 4.2 cm æèŒ
ç¹å±±éŸæ³å ãéŸæ³éè³ã第äžé , 1976 幎, å³ç 234.
SANCAI DEEP DISH
High Tang
D. 20.2 cm H. 4.2 cm LITERATURE
Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. â , 1976, pl. 234.
100
101
ãµã
59. äžåœ©æè é ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 9.0 cm é« 9.9 cm æ¥æŽ
Coll. Conte Gianfranco Litta æ§èµ . Marquis G. Litta-Modignani æ§èµ . åºå±
ãMOSTRA DâARTE CHINESE-VENEZIAããŽã§ããã£ã¢, 1954 幎. æèŒ
ãMOSTRA DâARTE CHINESE-VENEZIAãAlfieri Editore Venezia, 1954 幎, å³ç 329. Mario ProdanãLa Poterie TâangãArts Et Metiers Graphiques, 1960 幎.
SANCAI FU WITH LID
Early Tang - High Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 9.9 cm PROVENANCE
Coll. Conte Gianfranco Litta Collection. Marquis G. Litta-Modignani Collection. EXHIBITED
Mostra Dâarte Chinese, Venezia, 1954. LITERATURE
Mostra Dâarte Chinese, Alfieri Editore Venezia, 1954, pl. 329.
Mario Prodan, La Poterie Tâang, Arts Et Metiers Graphiques, 1960.
102
103
60. äžåœ©åå¿åææ¯ éãååïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 7.6 cm é« 6.0 cm æ¥æŽ Mr. Alfred ClarkïŒ1873 ã 1950 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
Mrs. Alfred ClarkïŒ1890 ã 1976 幎ïŒæ§èµ . Spink & Son Ltd., ãã³ãã³, 1975 幎.
åºå± ãThe Arts of the Tâang DynastyãOriental Ceramic Society, ãã³ãã³, 1955 幎, no. 113.
SANCAI CUP DECORATED WITH CONCENTRIC CIRCLES
Sui - Early Tang D. 7.6 cm H. 6.0 cm PROVENANCE Mr.
Alfred Clark (1873-1950) Collection.
Mrs. Alfred Clark (1890-1976) Collection. Spink & Son Ltd., London, 1975.
EXHIBITED The
Arts of the Tâang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, London, 1955, no. 113.
104
ãµã
61. è圩 é ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 7.1 cm é« 5.3 cm æ¥æŽ Myron S. FalkïŒ1906 ã 1989 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
åºå± ãEarly Chinese Miniaturesã, China House
Gallery, China Institute in America, New York, 1977 幎, no. 120.
BLUE GLAZED FU
Early Tang - High Tang D. 7.1 cm H. 5.3 cm PROVENANCE Myron
Collection.
EXHIBITED Early
S. Falk (1906-1989)
Chinese Miniatures, China
House Gallery, China Institute in America, New York, 1977, no. 120.
ãµã
62. è€é é ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 6.0 cm é« 5.0 cm
BROWN GLAZED FU
Early Tang - High Tang D. 6.0 cm H. 5.0 cm
105
63. äžåœ©æææ¯ ååãçåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 8.9 cm é« 5.5 cm
SANCAI CUP WITH HANDLE
Early Tang - High Tang D. 8.9 cm H. 5.5 cm
106
64. äžåœ©åè³å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ èŽåŸ 4.0 cm é« 4.5 cm
SANCAI JAR WITH FOUR LUGS
High Tang
D. 4.0 cm H. 4.5 cm
65. çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ èŽåŸ 10.2 cm é« 7.1 cm
SANCAI JAR
High Tang
D. 10.2 cm H. 7.1 cm
66. äžåœ©æ¯ïŒå·ŠïŒ çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 7.2 cm é« 4.5 cm
SANCAI CUP (left)
High Tang D. 7.2 cm H. 4.5 cm
67. äžåœ©æ¯ïŒå³ïŒ çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 7.7 cm é« 4.8 cm
SANCAI CUP (right)
High Tang D. 7.7 cm H. 4.8 cm
107
68. äžåœ©å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 16.8 cm é« 15.5 cm æ¥æŽ å°å±±åšå£«å€«ïŒ1900 ã 1975 幎ïŒç®±æž .
SANCAI JAR
High Tang D. 16.8 cm H. 15.5 cm PROVENANCE Box
inscription by Fujio Koyama (1900-1975).
108
69. ç·éç€å£å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 8.8 cm é« 9.2 cm
GREEN GLAZED JAR
High Tang D. 8.8 cm H. 9.2 cm
109
70. çœç£æµç¶ çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 14.1 cm é« 24.6 cm æ¥æŽ
Burchard, ãã³ãã³ .
WHITE PORCELAIN KUNDIKA
High Tang - Mid Tang
D. 14.1 cm H. 24.6 cm PROVENANCE
Burchard, London.
110
111
71. çœç£æ°Žæ³š çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 15.8 cm é« 22.6 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER
High Tang - Mid Tang
D. 15.8 cm H. 22.6 cm
112
113
72. çœç£èæ¯ çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 6.1 cm é« 7.2 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ . Fritz Low-BeerïŒ1906 ã 1976 幎ïŒæ§èµ . åºå± ãHelsingforsããã«ã·ã³ã, 1956 幎, no. 119.
æèŒ Bo GyllensvardãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 314.
WHITE PORCELAIN STEM CUP
High Tang D. 6.1 cm H. 7.2 cm PROVENANCE Carl
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection. Fritz Low-Beer (1906-1976) Collection.
EXHIBITED Helsingfors, LITERATURE Bo
Helsinki, 1956, no. 119.
Gyllensvard, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 314.
114
73. çœç£çå çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 6.8 cm é« 4.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER
High Tang D. 6.8 cm H. 4.0 cm
74. çœç£çå çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 10.0 cm é« 5.5 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER
High Tang D. 10.0 cm H. 5.5 cm
115
75. çœç£æ°Žæ³š çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 9.4 cm é« 10.5 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ . Sydney L. Moss, ãã³ãã³ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, no. 230.
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER
High Tang D. 9.4 cm H. 10.5 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection. Sydney L. Moss, London.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, no. 230.
116
76. çœç£å£º çåïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ èŽåŸ 9.8 cm é« 7.6 cm æ¥æŽ Ambassador Jan van den Berg
ïŒ1920 å¹Žä»£ïœ 1949 幎ãŸã§äžåœé§åšïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR
High Tang D. 9.8 cm H. 7.6 cm PROVENANCE Ambassador
Jan van den
Berg (resided in China from 1920s to 1949) Collection.
77. çœç£æ°Žæ³š çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 8.3 cm é« 8.3 cm æ¥æŽ Marchant, ãã³ãã³ .
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 8.3 cm H. 8.3 cm PROVENANCE Marchant,
London.
117
78. é»é氎泚
BLACK GLAZED EWER
çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 11.3 cm é« 11.4 cm
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 11.3 cm H. 11.4 cm
åºå± ãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€š ,
EXHIBITED Chugoku
bijutsu ten series 3: Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, Osaka
1976 幎, no. 1-87.
Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-87.
1976 幎, å³ç 1-87.
series 3: Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, 1976, pl. 1-87.
æèŒ å€§éªåžç«çŸè¡é€šãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã
倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€šç·šãéåã®çŸè¡ã1978 幎, å³ç 90.
LITERATURE Osaka
Municipal Art Museum, Chugoku bijutsu ten
Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, 1978, pl. 90.
79. é»éç¶ çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 4.1 cm é« 6.4 cm åºå± ãç¹å¥å± ãããã ãããã¥ã¢ãMOA çŸè¡é€š,
2005 幎, no. 42.
BLACK GLAZED BOTTLE
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 4.1 cm H. 6.4 cm EXHIBITED Tokubetsu
Ten Kawaii Miniature, MOA
Museum of Art, Shizuoka, 2005, no. 42.
118
80. çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 3.0 cm é« 2.7 cm æ¥æŽ å°å±±åšå£«å€«ïŒ1900 ã 1975 幎ïŒç®±æž .
BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH HANDLE (left)
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 3.0 cm H. 2.7 cm PROVENANCE Box
(1900-1975).
inscription by Fujio Koyama
81. é»éåŒå£æ°Žæ³šïŒå³ïŒ çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 5.2 cm é« 6.4 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the
Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, no. 7.
BLACK GLAZED EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH (right)
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 5.2 cm H. 6.4 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in
the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, no. 7.
82. é»é氎泚 çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.2 cm é« 13.3 cm æ¥æŽ 欧å·æ§å®¶æ§èµïŒ1970 ã 1980 幎代åé ã«è³Œå ¥ïŒ.
1982 幎, Benjamin J. Stein, ã¢ã ã¹ãã«ãã .
BLACK GLAZED EWER
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 12.2 cm H. 13.3 cm PROVENANCE The
private collection of a European
family acquired in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Benjamin J. Stein, Amsterdam, acquired 1982.
119
83. ç·éç·Žäžç€
84. è€éç·Žäžç€
çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 13.9 cm é« 2.6 cm
çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.4 cm é« 2.6 cm
GREEN GLAZED MARBLE TRAY
BROWN GLAZED MARBLE TRAY WITH THREE FEET
High Tang D. 13.9 cm H. 2.6 cm
High Tang D. 12.4 cm H. 2.6 cm
120
121
85. è€éç·Žäžæ çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ é· 15.5 cm é« 7.8 cm æ¥æŽ 岩åŽå®¶æ§èµ .
æèŒ å¥¥ç°èª äžç·šãæ¯é£å·¥èžåéã, 1932 幎.
BROWN GLAZED MARBLE PILLOW
High Tang L. 15.5 cm H. 7.8 cm PROVENANCE The
Iwasaki family collection.
LITERATURE Seiichi
Okuda, Shina KÅgei Zukan, 1932.
122
86. é»éç·Žäžæææ¯ çåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 9.0 cm é« 5.7 cm åºå± ãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€š , 1976 幎, no. 1-142.
æèŒ å€§éªåžç«çŸè¡é€šãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã1976 幎, å³ç 1-142.
倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€šç·šãéåã®çŸè¡ã1978 幎, å³ç 138.
YELLOW GLAZED MARBLE CUP WITH HANDLE
High Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 5.7 cm EXHIBITED Chugoku LITERATURE Osaka
bijutsu ten series 3: Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-142.
Municipal Art Museum, Chugoku bijutsu ten series 3: Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, 1976, pl. 1-142.
Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, 1978, pl. 138.
123
III. å®å²ã®ä¹±ã»é»å·£ã®å€§ä¹±ãçµãŠäºä»£ååœãž From the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang Chao Great Rebellion through the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
126
87. çœç£è±èæçå ïŒå·ŠïŒ äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 14.2 cm é« 5.7 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 253.
WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER WITH LEAF AND FLOWER DESIGN (left)
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.2 cm H. 5.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 253.
88. çœç£åºå£å£º ïŒäžïŒ äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.7 cm é« 10.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH WIDE RIM (below)
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 12.7 cm H.10.0 cm
127
89. é»éèææ æ©åãäºä»£ååœïŒïŒäžçŽãïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ é· 17.0 cm é« 9.2 cm æ¥æŽ
åºå çŸè¡é€šæ§èµ . åºå±
ãåç£ çœç£ã»éç£ã»äžåœ©ãæ ¹æŽ¥çŸè¡é€š , 1988 幎, no. 32. æèŒ
äžäžæ¬¡ç·ãé¶åšè¬åº§ 第 5 å·» äžåœâ å€ä»£ã, 1982 幎, å³ç 143.
åºå çŸè¡é€šãåºå çŸè¡é€šèµåå³é² äžåœé¶ç£ã1987 幎, å³ç 64.
西åºå®å, äœè€ãµã¢ã©ãå¹³å¡ç€Ÿç äžåœã®é¶ç£ïŒ 倩ç®ã1999 幎, å³ç 18.
BLACK PORCELAIN PILLOW WITH LEAF DESIGN
Late Tang - Five Dynasties L. 17.0 cm H. 9.2 cm PROVENANCE
Idemitsu Museum of Arts Collection. EXHIBITED
Tang Pottery And Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 32. LITERATURE
Tsuguo Mikami, ChÅ«goku â Kodai, Vol. 5 from the series, TÅki KÅza, 1982, pl. 143. Idemitsu Museum of Arts, Chinese Ceramics in The Idemitsu Collection, 1987, pl. 64. Hiroko Nishida & Sarah Sato, Temmoku, Vol. 6 from the series, Heibonsha's Chinese Ceramics, Heibonsha, 1999, pl. 18.
128
129
90. é»éçœææåè³å£º æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 12.8 cm é« 13.2 cm æ¥æŽ Lord Rolf CunliffeïŒ1899 ã 1963 幎ïŒæ§èµ . Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH TWO LUGS AND WHITE SPOTS
Late Tang D. 12.8 cm H. 13.2 cm PROVENANCE Lord
Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. Bluett & Sons Ltd., London.
130
91. é»éçœææ壺 äžåïŒïŒäžçŽãïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 15.9 cm é« 15.0 cm
BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH WHITE SPOTS
Mid Tang D. 15.9 cm H. 15.0 cm
92. é»é壺 çåãäžåïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 6.7 cm é« 6.4 cm æ¥æŽ Myron S. FalkïŒ1906 ã 1989 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
YELLOW GLAZED JAR
High Tang - Mid Tang D. 6.7 cm H. 6.4 cm PROVENANCE Myron
Collection.
S. Falk (1906-1989)
131
93. äžåœ©æèç¶ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 17.0 cm é« 42.2 cm
SANCAI BOTTLE WITH FINIAL
Late Tang
D. 17.0 cm H. 42.2 cm
132
133
94. çœç£ç¢ äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 14.8 cm é« 4.6 cm æ¥æŽ Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³.
Brodie & Enid LodgeïŒ1880 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.8 cm H. 4.6 cm PROVENANCE Bluett
& Sons Ltd., London.
Brodie & Enid Lodge (1880-1967) Collection.
134
95. çœç£ç¢ äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 15.5 cm é« 4.9 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 15.5 cm H. 4.9 cm
135
96. çœç£ç¢ å®çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 13.4 cm é« 4.1 cm æ¥æŽ Antiquaire Duval, 1944 幎 7 æ 8 æ¥ .
WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL Ding Ware
Late Tang
D. 13.4 cm H. 4.1 cm PROVENANCE Antiquaire
Duval, 8 July 1944.
136
97. çœç£çšè± ç¢ å®çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 15.1 cm é« 4.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN DISH WITH FLOWER DESIGN Ding Ware
Five Dynasties
D. 15.1 cm H. 4.0 cm
137
138
98. çœç£æ°Žæ³š æ©åãäºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 12.1 cm é« 21.4 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Ip Yee æ§èµ .
Peter and Nancy Thompson æ§èµ .
åºå± ãUniversity of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to
the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompsonã1996 幎.
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER
Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 12.1 cm H. 21.4 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Ip Yee Collection.
Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.
EXHIBITED University
of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang
to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD
from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.
99 çœç£åŒå£æ°Žæ³š äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 4.7 cm é« 9.0 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 4.7 cm H. 9.0 cm
100. çœç£ç å圢ææ氎泚 æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 5.9 cm é« 8.6 cm
WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH LION HANDLE
Late Tang D. 5.9 cm H. 8.6 cm
139
éžçŸœã®å²³å·çª¯ã«ã€ã㊠ã¡ãããã
éžçŸœãäžåïŒ760 幎ããïŒã«èšãããšäºãããŠãããè¶çµãã«ã¯ããè¶å·ã®ç·ãå²³å· ã®ç·ã¯çéãâŠâŠããšãããã ãããããŸãããããã¯ïŒäžçŽåŸåã®æ®µéã§ãè¶å·çª¯ 以å€ã«ãããŠã â éã âãã€ãŸãç·è²ã®éç£ãçŒæãããŠããããšã瀺ããã®ã§ãã ããããçŸåšãå²³å·çª¯ãšããããŠããæ¹åçã®çª¯åããã¯ãå®æ床ã®é«ã â éã â éç£ã¯çºèŠãããŠããããé·æ²çª¯ç³»ã®éºç©ãå€ãåºåããŠããŸãã ã§ã¯éžçŸœã誀ã£ãŠããã®ãïŒäžåã«è¶å·çª¯ä»¥å€ã«éãéç£ãçŒé ãã窯ã¯ãªãã£ã ã®ãïŒãšããããšã«ãªããŸãããããã«ã¯å°ã çåãæ®ããŸãã æ¬å±ã§ã¯æ©ååã³äºä»£ååœã«æ¹åçã®çª¯ã§çŒæããããšèãããããç·è²ãåãã éç£ã 2 ç¹ã»ã©çŽ¹ä»ããããšæããŸãïŒå³ç 101, 102ïŒããŸãããã«ä»éããŠé¢é£æ§ã® ããäœåãåãããŠçŽ¹ä»ããããšæããŸãïŒå³ç 103 ã 106, 114ïŒã ã¢ã€ã¶ã㯠ã 㥠㌠ã ã³
ãããã®å€ãã¯ãè±åœãšãžã³ãã©ã® I saac Newton å士ïŒ1900? ã 1982ïŒã®æ§èµåã 㣠ããã®ãå€ããå士ã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¯ 1947 ã 49 幎ã«éŠæž¯ã§èéãããŠããŸãã åææã«åããéŠæž¯ã§æ°Žéæž äžæ°ã«ãã£ãŠæ±ããããäœå矀ãã京éœå€§åŠäººæç§åŠ ç 究æã«åèµãããŠããããããã¯æ¥µããŠé«ãé¡äŒŒæ§ã瀺ããŠããŸãã ãã¥ãŒãã³å士ã«ããã°ãããã®äœå矀ã¯ãããããæ°å¹Žåã«ãæ¹åçã§æ¥æ¬è»ã éè·¯ã建èšããéã«åºåãããšäŒããŠããŸããäœè¡ã¯åããæ¹åçã«ãã£ãé·æ²çª¯ãš æ·±ãé¢ä¿æ§ãæããããã®ãå€ãã§ãããäžã«ã¯é«ãå®æ床ãèªãéç£äœåãããã ãããã¯äžè¬ã®é·æ²çª¯ãšã¯äžç·ãç»ããŠããŸãã å²³å·çª¯ãšãããã®ã®çŸæç¹ã§ã®èªèã¯äžæŠãããšããŠãäžåæã«ãããå²³å·çª¯ïŒéž 矜ã¯ããæã£ãŠããïŒãšã¯ãå³ç 101, 102 ã®ãããªç·ã®éç£ã§ãã£ãå¯èœæ§ããããš ã¯èããããªãã§ããããã
åèæç®
⢠Isaac NewtonãA Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan ProvinceããTransactions of the Oriental Ceramic Societyã1952 幎 1 æ 10 æ¥ . ⢠Isaac NewtonãChinese Ceramic Wares from HunanããFAR EASTERN CERAMIC BULLETINã1958 幎 9-12 æ .
140
Lu Yu's Explanation of Yuezhou (å²³å·) Ware In the Classic of Tea (ca. 760), Lu Yu commented, âAll the Yuezhou (è¶å·) porcelain and Yuezhou (å²³å·) porcelain is blue.â This indicates that around the year 760 kilns other than those of Yuezhou (è¶å·) were also producing "blue," in other words, green celadons. And yet, no discoveries of highly refined â blueâ celadon have been made at the Yuezhou (å²³å·) kiln sites in Hunan province, while large amounts of Changsha kiln lineage wares have been excavated at those sites. So does this mean that Lu Yu was wrong? Does this mean that there were no Chinese kilns other than the Yuezhou (è¶å·) kilns producing â blueâ celadons during the Mid Tang? Even if we accept that theory, questions still remain. This exhibition introduces two examples of green colored celadon that are thought to have been fired at Hunan province kilns during the Late Tang and Five Dynasties (pls. 101, 102). We further present works that are related to these two examples. (pls. 103 - 106, 114).
Many of these examples were formerly owned by the English engineer Dr. Isaac Newton (d. 1982) who collected them in Hong Kong between 1947 - 1949. Another group of works -- assembled by Mizuno Seiichi in Hong Kong at that time and now in the collection of the Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University -- is extremely close to the displayed examples. According to Dr. Newton, this group of works had been excavated a few years before when the Japanese Army built a road in Hunan province. While the handling and formation of many of them are closely related to Changsha wares, also from Hunan province, some in the group are highly finished celadon works, which thus differ from ordinary Changsha ware examples. Setting aside for the moment todayÊŒs perception of Yuezhou (å²³å·) ware, canÊŒt we say that it is possible that green celadons like those seen in plates 101, 102 are what Lu Yu considered to be Yuezhou (å²³å·) ware of the Mid Tang dynasty.
Reference Bibliography ⢠Isaac Newton, âA Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Provinceâ, Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, 10 January, 1952. ⢠Isaac Newton, âChinese Ceramic Wares from Hunanâ, Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin, SeptDec. 1958.
141
101. éç£ç¿ å²³å·çª¯ æ©åãäºä»£ååœïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 16.1 cm é« 3.7 cm æ¥æŽ The J. T. TaiïŒ1911 ïœ 1992 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
CELADON DISH Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 16.1 cm H. 3.7 cm PROVENANCE The
J. T. Tai (1911-1992) Collection.
142
143
102. éç£èŒªè±ç¢ å²³å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 16.6 cm é« 7.5 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒno. 270ïŒæ§èµ .
1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4ïŒSerial No. 40ïŒã1958 幎, å³ç 140.
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware Hunan Celadon Five Dynasties D. 16.6 cm H. 7.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982)(no. 270) Collection.
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
LITERATURE Far
Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 140.
144
145
103. éç£èŒªè±é¢ å²³å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ åŸ 18.2 cm é« 7.5 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒNo. 259ïŒæ§èµ .
åºå± ãåç£ çœç£ã»éç£ã»äžåœ©ãæ ¹æŽ¥çŸè¡é€š , 1988 幎, no. 54.
ãè¶å·çª¯ã®éç£å±ïŒâ ¡ïŒïŒåããåå®ãžâã倧éªåžç«æ±æŽé¶ç£çŸè¡é€š , 1994 幎, no. 38.
æèŒ ãTransaction of The Oriental Ceramic Societyã1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953 幎, å³ç 7-d.
ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40)ã1958 幎, å³ç 139.
ãTransaction of The Oriental Ceramic Societyã1971-1973, Vol. 39, 1974 幎, å³ç 6-b.
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties D. 18.2 cm H. 7.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr. EXHIBITED Tang
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 259) Collection.
Pottery and Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 54.
Celadon of Yue Ware, Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka, 1994, no. 38. LITERATURE Transaction
of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953, pl. 7-d.
Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 139.
Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1971-1973, Vol. 39, 1974, pl. 6-b.
146
147
104. éç£è±æç¢ å²³å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.8 cm é« 5.6 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒNo. 271ïŒæ§èµ .
1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãTransaction of The Oriental Ceramic Societyã1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953 幎, å³çïŒ-c.
ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4ïŒSerial No. 40ïŒã1958 幎, å³ç 155.
CELADON BOWL WITH FLOWER DESIGN Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties D. 12.8 cm H. 5.6 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 271) Collection.
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
LITERATURE Transaction
of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953, pl. ïŒ-c.
Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 155.
148
149
105. éç£èŒªè±æåæç¿ å²³å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.1 cm é« 4.0 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒNo. 245ïŒæ§èµ .
1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. â © Nos. 3-4 (Serial
No.40) ã1958 幎, å³ç 190.
CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties D. 12.1 cm H. 4.0 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Collection.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 245)
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
LITERATURE Far
Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4
(Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 190.
150
106. éç£çšè±ç¿ å²³å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 16.2 cm é« 3.9 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl
Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 55.
CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties D. 16.2 cm H. 3.9 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics
in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 55.
151
152
107. éç£èŒªè±ç¢
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM
æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 17.0 cm é« 6.1 cm
Late Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 6.1 cm
æ¥æŽ Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
PROVENANCE Bluett
153
& Sons Ltd., London.
108. éç£èŒªè±ç¢ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 13.7 cm é« 6.3 cm
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM
Late Tang D. 13.7 cm H. 6.3 cm
154
109. éç£èŒªè±é¢ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 17.8 cm é« 7.7 cm
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM
Late Tang D. 17.8 cm H. 7.7 cm
155
110. éç£åºå£å£º æ©åãäºä»£ååœïŒïŒäžçŽãïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 18.0 cm é« 8.8 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 54.
CELADON JAR WITH WIDE RIM
Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 18.0 cm H. 8.8 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 54.
156
111. éç£é²æ氎泚 é·æ²çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 14.5 cm é« 19.0 cm
CELADON JAR DECORATED WITH CLOUD DESIGN Changsha Ware
Late Tang D. 14.5 cm H. 19.0 cm
157
112. ééçå é·æ²çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 5.3 cm é« 3.6 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒno. 324ïŒæ§èµ .
GREEN GLAZED BOX AND COVER Changsha Ware Late Tang D. 5.3 cm H. 3.6 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
158
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (no. 324) Collection.
113. éç£æ°Žæ³š é·æ²çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 13.5 cm é« 10.5 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒNo. 85ïŒæ§èµ .
1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãTransaction of The Oriental Ceramic Societyã
1950-1951 Vol. 26, 1953 幎, å³ç 6-f.
ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40) ã1958 幎, å³ç 59.
CELADON EWER Changsha Ware
Late Tang D. 13.5 cm H. 10.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Collection.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 85)
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
LITERATURE Transaction
of The Oriental Ceramic
Society, 1950-1951 Vol. 26, 1953, pl. 6-f.
Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 59.
114. éç£åŒŠæçå å²³å·çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 6.9 cm é« 4.8 cm
CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (å²³å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 6.9 cm H. 4.8 cm
115. éç£ææä»ç¢ é·æ²çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 12.5 cm é« 4.7 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 å¹ŽïŒ ïŒNo. 137ïŒæ§èµ .
1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ãã³ãã³ .
Roger PilkingtonïŒ1928 ã 69 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4
(Serial No. 40)ã1958 幎, å³ç 8.
CELADON DISH WITH HANDLE
Changsha Ware
Late Tang D. 12.5 cm H. 4.7 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Collection.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 137)
Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.
Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.
LITERATURE Far
Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X
Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 8.
159
116. éç£éææ壺
CELADON JAR WITH IRON SPOTS
äžåãæ©åïŒïŒãïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 17.0 cm é« 25.5 cm
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 25.5 cm
160
117. éç£å£º æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 7.4 cm é« 6.8 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Ip Yee æ§èµ .
Peter and Nancy Thompson æ§èµ .
åºå± ãUniversity of Hull Art Collection, From the
Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa
618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompsonã1996 幎.
CELADON JAR
Late Tang D. 7.4 cm H. 6.8 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Ip Yee Collection.
Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.
LITERATURE University
of Hull Art Collection,
From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.
118. éç£ç¶ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ èŽåŸ 6.4 cm é« 8.9 cm
CELADON BOTTLE
Late Tang D. 6.4 cm H. 8.9 cm
119. éç£åè³å£º æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 9.5 cm é« 10.0 cm æ¥æŽ äŒ Warren E. Cox æ§èµ , ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ .
CELADON PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO LUGS
Late Tang D. 9.5 cm H. 10.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren
York (by repute).
E. Cox Collection, New
161
162
120. éç£ç¢ è¶å·çª¯
CELADON BOWL Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
äžåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 14.8 cm é« 4.1 cm
Mid Tang D. 14.8 cm H. 4.1 cm
æ¥æŽ å¯å£«çŸè¡é€šæ§èµ .
PROVENANCE Fuji
163
Museum Collection, Shizuoka.
121. éç£ç¢ è¶å·çª¯ äžåãæ©åïŒïŒäžçŽæ«ãïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 14.6 cm é« 4.3 cm
CELADON BOWL Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.6 cm H. 4.3 cm
164
122. éç£èŒªè±ç¢ è¶å·çª¯ äžåïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒäžçŽåïŒ åŸ 15.6 cm é« 4.1 cm åºå± ãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€š ,
1976 幎, no. 1-131.
æèŒ ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» éåç¯ãæ²³åºæžæ¿ , 1956 幎,
å³ 42 äž . ãäžçé¶ç£å šé 第ïŒå·» ãéåç¯ããæ²³åºæžæ¿æ°
瀟 , 1961 幎, å³ 42 äž . äœè€é 圊ãäžåœé¶ç£å²ã1978 幎, å³ 131. 倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€šç·šãéåã®çŸè¡ã1978 幎, æ¿å³ 38, p. 180.
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Mid Tang D. 15.6 cm H. 4.1 cm EXHIBITED Chūgoku
Bijutsu Ten series 3: Zui TÅ No
Bijutsu, Osaka, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, 1976, no. 1-131.
LITERATURE Zui
TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai
TÅji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 42. Zui TÅ Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics,
Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 42. Masahiko Sato, ChÅ«goku TÅjishi, 1978, pl. 131. Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui TÅ No Bijutsu, 1978, fig. 38, p. 180.
165
123. éç£è®èæç¿ è¶å·çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ åŸ 14.5 cm é« 3.7 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 36.
CELADON DISH WITH LOTUS DESIGN Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 14.5 cm H. 3.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 36.
166
167
124. éç£èŒªè±ç¿ è¶å·çª¯ æ©åãäºä»£ååœïŒïŒäžçŽåŸåãïŒïŒäžçŽäžèïŒ åŸ 14.3 cm é« 4.0 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
Ray Thompson æ§èµ .
æèŒ ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4ïŒSerial No. 40ïŒã1958 幎, å³ç 177.
CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 14.3 cm H. 4.0 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) Collection.
Ray Thompson Collection.
LITERATURE Far
Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 177.
168
169
125. éç£èŒªè±é¢ è¶å·çª¯ç³» äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 21.6 cm é« 9.0 cm
CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware Type
Five Dynasties D. 21.6 cm H. 9.0 cm
170
171
126. éç£éææåè³å£º è¶å·çª¯ç³» æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 14.7 cm é« 12.9 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Ip Yee æ§èµ . Peter and Nancy Thompson æ§èµ .
åºå± ãUniversity of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from
The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompsonã1996 幎.
CELADON JAR WITH TWO LUGS AND IRON SPOTS Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware Type
Late Tang D. 14.7 cm H. 12.9 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Ip Yee Collection. Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.
EXHIBITED University
of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD
from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.
172
127. éç£éææ壺 è¶å·çª¯ç³» æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 8.7 cm é« 5.1 cm æ¥æŽ ææåé ïŒ1900 ã 1978 幎ïŒç®±æž , 1951 幎.
CELADON JAR WITH IRON SPOTS Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware Type
Late Tang D. 8.7 cm H. 5.1 cm PROVENANCE Box
inscription by Yuzo Sugimura (1900-1978), 1951.
173
128. éç£å足壺 è¶å·çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 9.1 cm é« 4.7 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Ip Yee æ§èµ . Peter and Nancy Thompson æ§èµ .
åºå± ãUniversity of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from
The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompsonã1996 幎.
CELADON JAR WITH FOUR FEET Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 9.1 cm H. 4.7 cm PROVENANCE Dr.
Ip Yee Collection. Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.
EXHIBITIED University
of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD
from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.
174
129. éç£å足壺 è¶å·çª¯ æ©åïŒ9 äžçŽïŒ åŸ 4.3 cm é« 3.0 cm
CELADON JAR WITH FOUR FEET Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 4.3 cm H. 3.0 cm
130. éç£é³¥åœ¢ç¬ è¶å·çª¯ æ©åïŒïŒäžçŽïŒ åŸ 4.5 cm é« 3.8 cm æ¥æŽ Joan BarrowïŒã 1987 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
CELADON BIRD PIPE Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 4.5 cm H. 3.8 cm PROVENANCE Joan
Barrow (d. 1987) Collection.
131. éç£çå è¶å·çª¯ æ©åïŒ9 äžçŽïŒ åŸ 6.8 cm é« 4.2 cm
CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Late Tang D. 6.8 cm H. 4.2 cm
175
132. éç£åŒŠæçå è¶å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœïŒïŒïŒäžçŽååïŒ åŸ 10.1 cm é« 3.4 cm æ¥æŽ Dr. Isaac NewtonïŒã 1982 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ ãFar Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4ïŒSerial No. 40ïŒã1958 幎, å³ç 177.
CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties D. 10.1 cm H. 3.4 cm PROVENANCE Dr. LITERATURE Far
Isaac Newton (d. 1982) Collection.
Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 177.
176
133. éç£è®åœ¢çå è¶å·çª¯ äºä»£ååœãåå®ïŒïŒïŒäžçŽäžèãåŸåïŒ åŸ 7.9 cm é« 5.7 cm æ¥æŽ Carl KempeïŒ1884 ã 1967 幎ïŒæ§èµ .
æèŒ Bo GyllensvÀrdãChinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collectionã1964 幎, å³ç 61.
ãChinese Ceramic Treasures. A Selection from the Ulricehamn East Asian Museum, Including the Carl Kempe Collectionã2002 幎, å³ç 282.
CELADON BOX AND COVER WITH LOTUS DESIGN Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware
Five Dynasties - Northern Song D. 7.9 cm H. 5.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo
Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.
GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 61.
Chinese Ceramic Treasures. A Selection from the Ulricehamn East Asian Museum Including the Carl Kempe Collection, 2002, pl. 282.
177
134. éç£è®åŒæçå è¶å·çª¯ç³» äºä»£ååœãåå®ïŒïŒïŒäžçŽäžèãåŸåïŒ èŽåŸ 10.6 cm é« 10.4 cm æ¥æŽ
åºå çŸè¡é€šæ§èµ . åºå±
ãäžåœçŸè¡å±ã·ãªãŒãºïŒïŒéåã®çŸè¡ã倧éªåžç«çŸè¡é€š , 1976 幎, no. 1-277.
CELADON BOX AND LID WITH CARVED LOTUS PETALS Yuezhou (è¶å· ) Ware Type
Five Dynasties - Northern Song D. 10.6 cm H. 10.4 cm PROVENANCE
Idemitsu Museum of Arts Collection. EXHIBITED
Chūgoku Bijutsu Ten series 3: Zui TŠNo Bijutsu, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-277.
178
179
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187
The Collection and Evaluation of Tang Ceramics in Japan Tadashi Kawashima
The Tang dynasty built a massive empire on the Chinese continent that reigned from 618 to 907, the scale and power of which is symbolized by the frequent reference to the great Tang empire. Its close to three centuries of rule was the longest in Chinese history since that of Qin Shi Huang, and as a result this lengthy period is often divided into four sub periods, namely the Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and Late Tang. The connection between Japan and Tang ceramics is also extremely long, with such collection contemporaneous with Tang rule. After a long interval of inactivity, such collecting reached its zenith in the 20th century and today. Three-color ware known as sancai in Chinese was brought to Japan directly from China during the Tang dynasty. While no extant examples of that transmission remain, shards of these works have been excavated at close to 20 sites in Japan. A famous example of such excavated items is a bowl found in the ruins Fig. 1 Sancai Bowl. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of Nao-ji, Mie. Dia. 11.0 cm. Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japan. Important Cultural Property. Photo: âChinese Ceramics Excavated in Japanâ, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.
of Nao-ji in Mie prefecture. This bowl was used upside down as the lid for a talc external container for a glass reliquary, and was discovered buried at the foundation stone of the templeÊŒs pagoda. (fig. 1) Given that this site is thought to date from the second half of the 7th century, this bowl today is prized as an object that was brought to Japan at a relatively early date. Another group of shards, thought to be part of a long-necked jar excavated at Okinoshima, Fukuoka prefecture, has long been a well-known example. (fig. 2). Then of particular interest is a group of almost 200 shards that were discovered in the ruins of the Daian-ji, Nara city, Nara prefecture. (fig. 3). The fascination of these shards lies in the fact that they are solely fragments of more than 30 ceramic pillows. Some of these shards from marbleized ceramics can be seen in pl. 85 (p. 122). At the time Daian-ji was closely linked to the Tang. Given that there were many priests who visited from
Fig. 2 Fragments of a Sancai Vase. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from Okinoshima, Fukuoka. Munakata Taisha. National Treasure.
the Tang, the fact that only pillows were brought into this setting suggests that these pillows were used as armrests while transcribing sutras. It was probably the Japanese envoys to the Tang court (kentÅshi) who
188
brought sancai wares to Japan. Records indicate more than a dozen envoy entourages traveled to the Tang court, with a particuarly large number and scale of entourages sent from the beginning to the middle of the 8th century, during the High Tang. Both Japanese and Chinese exchange students and priests during this period would have also brought items to Japan, and they would have been used, as noted above, by the temples and aristocratic class of the day. Thus sancai ware can be seen as a link between Tang aristocratic culture and that of the Nara court. We can also opine that since it played absolutely no role in the usual trade of the day, sancai ware was a valuable item only received within a limited segment of society.
As demonstrated by Lu Yuâs Classic of Tea written around 760, the drinking of tea spread in China during the latter half of the 8th century, and this led to a rapid increase in ceramic production, focusing on tea bowls. First there was the spread of production aimed at domestic consumption, but then almost immediately production meant for overseas consumption flourished. Amidst the late 8th century stabilization of ChinaÊŒs trading systems, large numbers of ceramics
Fig. 3 Fragments of Sancai Pillows. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from Daian-ji, Nara. Nara National Research Institute of Cultural Properties.
were brought to Japan from China. Yue celadons were the representative form of these imported wares. The Classic of Tea states that Yue wares are superior, and it was said that Yue ware cups were the best for drinking tea. Such praise refers to the flat tea bowls with a janome foot, (snake eye foot in Japanese), such as pls. 120, 121 (pp. 162-164). Large numbers of shards from such bowls have been excavated
at various Japanese sites, including the ruins of the HeijÅkyÅ Palace in Nara. It seems that this type of bowl was a principal trade item, and it greatly influenced ceramics in Japan. Examples of such influence can be seen in Sanage ware with its splendid imitation of the janome foot style. Yue ware was produced at large-scale kilns across a stretch of present-day Zhejiang and its flourishing trade utilized that regionÊŒs advantageous location. It is not hard to imagine that the high quality works of this period have been prized in Japan. The box and cover (fig. 4) excavated from the ruins of the octagonal hall of Ninna-ji, Kyoto, and the celadon spittoon (fig. 5) excavated from the HeijÅkyÅ Palace site, are important examples of such. White porcelain bowls of a similar shape from this period, such as pls. 94, 95 (pp. 134, 135), were also popular. The examples highly praised by the Tang
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Fig. 4 Celadon Box and Cover, Yue Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the Octagonal Hall ruins, Ninna-ji, Kyoto. D.17.4cm. Ninnaji. Important Cultural Property. Photo: âChinese Ceramics Excavated in Japanâ, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.
literati as âresembling silverâ or â just like snowâ were successfully produced at both the Xingzhou and Ding kilns. The bowl (fig. 6), excavated at Yakushi-ji, Nara, is one of the examples known in Japan. Changsha ware, as seen in pl. 111 (p. 157), can be seen as another form of trade ceramic that flourished during the same period as the Hunan province Fig. 5 Celadon Spittoon, Yue Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of HeijÅkyo Palace, Nara. H.8.8 cm. Nara National Research Institute of Cultural Properties.
wares (fig. 7). The collecting of Tang ceramics in Japan began with the sancai wares brought by the kentÅshi envoys. Later Yue celadons, Xingzhou type white porcelains and Hunan type celadons such as Changsha ware appeared through trade during the Mid to Late Tang dynasty. During this period the Heian aristocrats prized the fine quality examples of this trade as high-grade imported ceramics. Thus, this collecting was limited to those involved in the reception of these imported items, such as the oï¬cials, temples, and those involved in trade goods, and there was no further expansion of such collecting.
Fig. 6 White Porcelain Bowl. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of the West Priestâs Domitory, Yakushi-ji, Nara. D. 14.9 cm. Yakushi-ji. Photo: âChinese Ceramics Excavated in Japanâ, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.
Then centuries passed and Tang ceramics were once again in the spotlight around the beginning of the 20th century. It was the modern eraÊŒs railroad construction that led to such notice. Generations of royal and imperial tombs were located in the areas where this construction was occurring, and the work led to the discovery of massive numbers of ancient items in these tombs. These wares entered the Chinese art marketplace and gradually became the basis for superb collections worldwide. Amongst this railway construction activity, it was the 183 kilometer stretch of the Bianluo railway that ran from Kaifeng to Luoyang in Henan that had the greatest influence on the art market. Work on this section began in 1905 and was completed in 1909. A stretch of hills that runs east to west known as the Beimang Mountains was the site of a cluster of Han to Tang dynasty tombs, and
Fig. 7 Yellow Glazed Ewer with Applied Ornaments in Underglaze Brown, Changsha Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of JÅsuiji, Ishikawa. H. 20.0 cm. Ishikawa Prefecture Archaeological Research Institute.
the Bianluo railway cut across the southern edge of this area, destroying a number of ancient tombs in the process. It is said that large numbers of grave goods were excavated from those tombs. Tang sancai works were the stars among this group of excavated ceramics. European and American collectors were fascinated by the succession of splendid ceramics that came out of these Tang royal and aristocratic tombs, and this led to an expansion of such collecting, spreading to Japan where they became
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the main kanshÅ-toki ware, literally ceramics for visual appreciation not use. An early example of such collecting in Japan can be seen in the sancai jar purchased in 1909 by the Imperial Museum (present-day Tokyo National Museum) and the work displayed here (pl. 68, p. 108) is also thought to be one of the works excavated during this early period. Then by the late TaishÅ era, early 1920s, top-grade Tang sancai works were being brought to Japan (fig. 8), and this pushed collecting in Japan to a higher level. Symbolic of such change is the appearance of largescale sancai horses measuring more than 70 cm in height. This work was brought to Japan by the art dealer Mayuyama MatsutarÅ around 1923, and the two horses (fig. 9) owned by the industrialist Kiyota TÅzÅ are said to be the first large sancai horses brought to Japan. Later art dealers such as Hirota Fukkosai and others brought in considerable numbers of such works and they ended up in famous collections. Berthold LauferÊŒs 1914 publication Chinese Clay Figures was the first book to discuss such large horses. (fig. 10) The white horse in the plates, around
Fig. 8 Sancai Vase with Dragon-shaped Handles. Tang Dynasty. H. 47.4 cm. Tokyo National Museum. Important Cultural Property. ©TNM Image Archives
80 cm tall, was discovered in a broken state in a northern city of Henan province
in 1910, and photographs indicate that metal supports were put into the shattered legs. Laufer made special note in his book about this horseÊŒs overwhelming size and the perfection of its glazing technique. After 1910 this type of large (over 70
Fig. 9 A Pair of Sancai Horses. Tang Dynasty. Each H. 69.0 cm. Kyoto National Museum. Important Works of Art.
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Fig. 10 Sancai Horse. Tang Dynasty. H. 80.0 cm. Photo: Berthold Laufer, Chinese Clay Figures, Field Museum of Natural History, 1914.
cm tall) sancai horse had appeared in the marketplace and collectors at the time were ecstatic about their dignity and finish, making Tang sancai wares a focus in collecting. Pl. 47 (pp. 77, 79) is a representative example of this type of large sancai horse, and is also likely an example that was brought to Japan during the TaishÅ to early ShÅwa periods. This work was published in 1961 in the Sui - Tang volume of the Kawade ShobÅÊŒs Sekai tÅji zenshÅ« series on Chinese ceramics, and it is said that it was then owned by Ikeda Hayato, the prime minister of the day. Along with this horse, pl. 48 (p. 81) is of particular note amongst the sancai wares displayed here. In addition to its smaller than usual size and other
features, this work diï¬ers in form from the usual phoenix-necked vases. Works similar to this rare and highly regarded example can be found in the MOA Museum of Art and the British Museum. Its handling, the skill with which it was removed from its mold, and the perfection of its glazing all indicate its particularly careful production, all features indicating that even at the time it would have been considered a special and rare example of its type. As noted above, strictly speaking the collection of sancai wares in Japan dates back to the works brought by the kentÅshi envoys but the ware type was long unknown since there were no traditionally handed-down examples extant. With the beginning of the 20th century and the appearance of excavated works, finally these works came to the notice of people worldwide, and almost immediately became a major part of collecting activities. The exhibition of Tang sancai, the first exhibition to be held in Japan focusing
on kanshÅ-toki, held in 1928 is testimony to this fact (fig. 11). The catalogue for that exhibition indicates that the major examples of Tang sancai in Japan today were already in the country at that time. Since that day, through the prewar and postwar years and up until today, sancai has remained extremely popular in Japan as the representative form of Tang ceramics. In addition to sancai ware, painted pottery Fig. 11 The First Exhibition of The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, (Venue: Peerâs Club). Photos: Oriental Ceramics, Vol. â No. 4, The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, 1928.
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was another major form of grave goods during the Tang dynasty. This ware was produced earlier than
sancai and primarily consists of clay figurines. This exhibition includes a rare
example of the combined use of lead glaze and painted polychrome. Pl. 29 (p. 53) is coated internally and externally with a transparent lead glaze, with the exterior surface painted in overglaze pigments of red, black, white, blue and green. The painting on the exterior depicts an acanthus pattern in each of four circular cartouches while the shoulders are decorated with cloud patterns, a design not found on other examples. These motifs suggest design expressions tracing from Rome to Central Asia, and indeed, it is a Tang dynasty work redolent of Silk Road culture. The exterior surface glaze is thinner than that used on the interior surface, with most of the surface coated with pigments, primarily red, with some other colors such as white. The small areas left unpainted reveal a ground lead glaze with a marble-like sheen. This eï¬ect is probably reminiscent of that seen in pl. 30 (p. 52), which is decorated with painted polychrome. This example diï¬ers from usual yellow glaze painted polychrome works, and can be considered an important example splendidly expressing the foreign tastes incorporated into Tang art.
From the Early Tang to the High Tang, the kentÅshi envoys might not have brought the white porcelain to Japan given that it was a luxury ware used solely by high-ranking aristocrats in China. As early 20th century excavation activities accelerated, these wares were found at Tang aristocratic consumption sites and subsequently flowed into the marketplace. An early example of white porcelain collecting can be seen in the Imperial MuseumÊŒs purchase of six Tang white porcelain works in 1908. Records indicate that these works were the same type of spittoon seen in pls. 26, 27 (pp. 48, 49), and thus we know that there were Early to High Tang examples of white porcelain flowing into the market place in the earliest stage of excavated ceramics appearing in the world. This group of works with their metal ware-like sharp shapes appealed to aficionados, a trend that continues today. While many small works have these fascinating aspects, pl. 16 (pp. 35, 37) is of particular note in this exhibition. Not only is it quite large, its primitive but also realistic form can be considered a prototype of the dragon-eared vases, while also strongly revealing elements which derive areas to the west of modern-day China, ranging from Rome to Central Asia. A similar example is in the Idemitsu Museum of Arts, but the one exhibited here is noteworthy for its rarity and the level of high artistry. Pl. 1 (p. 13) is another
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unusual work that should not be overlooked. It dates from the Sui dynasty, a time that can be seen as a traditional period linking to Tang white porcelain, and while similar examples are found in the items excavated at the Li Jingxun tomb, this work can be thought to have superior finishing, especially in such areas as the constriction of the torso area. Then, pl. 17 (p. 39) is a water pitcher with a truly skillyfully rendered form. While several similar examples are known, such as the work in the Gotoh Museum, the uneven feel of the torso area that seems like a realistic copying of an animal skin bag makes this work superior to the others of its type. While diï¬ering in terms of handle shape, an example with the same kind of torso can be found in the Musée Cernuschi, Paris. This exhibition also includes several yong (pottery figurines), redolent of their period. Of note amongst these works is pl. 8 (p. 23), a white porcelain figurine whose shape suggests that it was made in the Sui dynasty, of which very few similar examples can be found. This work can be thought to be part of the group made up of these few comparable examples, such as those in the Musée Guimet, Paris and the Shanghai Museum.
Like earlier examples, ceramics from the Mid Tang to Late Tang were excavated actively in the early 20th century and large numbers of works appeared. Yue ware formed the main type of celadons found, with many examples of flat bowls with janome feet, as mentioned above, and foliate edge bowls such as pl. 124 (p. 169), among other forms. While there are a variety of white porcelain types in this period, pl. 87 (p. 126) is of note in this exhibition. This work probably dates to the Mid Tang to Late Tang, while also maintaining a strong sense of High Tang aesthetics. Its large imposing form and the hairline carving style leaf motif on the upper lid surface are two of the fascinating aspects not found in other works. I would also like to mention the group of Hunan celadons seen at pls. 101-106 (pp. 142-151). This type were little recognized either in Japan or indeed worldwide, but were then noticed, collected and researched by the Englishman Dr. Isaac Newton. According to Newton this group of works was excavated in 1946, began to appear in the market, and he then formed a collection. This Newton Collection was published in the 1950s in the Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society and other publications, and was a renowned collection
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at the time. The collection was later scattered, and here we have brought them together again for display.
It is well known that there are many superb, highly artistic examples of Tang dynasty art extant today, including not only ceramics but also Buddhist sculptures and works made of gold, silver, jade and rare stones. This catalogue presents non-ceramic works in pls. 44, 45 (pp. 71, 73). Many of these works flowed into the marketplace spurred on by the expeditions from various countries being conducted in China after the beginning of the 20th century. Many of these pieces brought to market by these developments were actively collected worldwide. Stone sculpture is the representative genre of such Tang art, and these works, still loved today, helped build the importance of Northern Wei and later Buddhist sculpture.
Japanese Period Dates Meiji period: 1868 â 1912 TaishÅ period: 1912 â 26 ShÅwa period: 1926 â 89
Reference Bibliography 1. Hasebe Gakuji and Imai Atsushi, ChÅ«goku no tÅji [Chinese Ceramics], Vol. 12, Nihon shutsudo no ChÅ«goku tÅji [Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Japan], Heibonsha, 1995. 2.
Hara BunjirÅ, â Tou sansai no umaâ [Tang Sancai Horses], TÅji Vol. 3 No. 3, The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, 1931.
3.
Tomita Noboru, â TaishÅki wo chÅ«shin to suru senkuteki ChÅ«goku kanshÅ tÅjiki korekushon no sakusei to tokushitsu â Kindai ChÅ«goku kanshÅ bijutsu seiritsu no shiza karaâ [The Formation and Characteristics of Pioneering Collections of Chinese Ceramics for Visual Appreciation Focusing on the TaishÅ Period â From the Vantage Point of the Modern Establishment of Chinese Art for Visual Appreciation], TÅsetsu Nos. 555 â562, Japan Ceramic Society, 1999 â2000.
4.
Isaac Newton, âA Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Provinceâ, Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, 10 January, 1952.
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