An Exhibition of the Arts of The Tang Dynasty

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An Exhibition of the Arts of The TANG DYNASTY

倧 唐 展

OCTOBER 2017 MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD.



An Exhibition of the Arts of

The Tang Dynasty

倧 唐 展

13 21 October 2017

Venue MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD.



序

本展は、玄 300 幎続いた倧唐垝囜を包括的にずらえ、䜜品やきものを通し お再認識しようずするものです。 唐ずいう時代は䞀般に初唐、盛唐、䞭唐、晩唐の四期に区分されたすが、本展 で は そ れ に 加 え 、 以 例 の 侉 ぀ の 時期 に 分 け お æ•Ž 理 し お い こ う ず 思 い た す 。

I.

隋から高宗の治䞖たでおもに隋・初唐

II.

則倩歊后の治䞖から玄宗の治䞖たでおもに盛唐

III.

安史の乱・黄巣の倧乱を経お五代十囜ぞおもに䞭唐・晩唐・五代十囜

唐以前の王朝である隋ず唐滅亡埌の五代十囜も、その流れの䞭で芖野に入れお 取り䞊げたす。 かんろう

I の隋から初唐にかけおは、関 階集団を基盀ずした北朝系の支配局によっお政 æ²» が 行 わ れ 、 文 化 的 に み お も 継 続性 が 濃 厚 に み ら れ た す 。 初 唐 に お け る 文 化 の 隆 盛 は、 ほ が 隋 時 代 に そ の 基 瀎 が 造 ら れ た ず も 云 え、 箄 380 幎ぶりに䞭囜に統䞀囜家を打ち立おた、隋朝の英智がしのばれたす。 䞀䟋においおは北斉から続く癜磁の発展ず発達にあり、華北で癜磁が盛んに焌 成されたこずが遺された䜜品により想像されたす。これは䞀぀の倧きな䞭囜陶磁 史の流れを圢成しおいたす。

次 に 、I I の 盛 唐 期 は 、 則 倩 æ­Š 后 に よ る 専 政 の äž­ で、 政 æ²» 基 盀 が 関 隮 集 団 よ り 科 挙官僚ぞず移り、さらに囜家が成熟しおきたこずもあり、文化に華やかさが加わ りたす。 代衚されるのが䞉圩で、䞭囜陶磁においお唐時代ずいわれるず、たず始めに䞉 圩 を 思 い æµ® か べ る 方 も 倚 い ず 思 いた す 。 癜磁も焌成され続けおいたすが、䞉圩のきらびやかさによっお、少々圱が薄く なっおしたっおいたす。

3


最 埌 に 、III の 安 史 の 乱、 黄 å·£ の 倧 ä¹± を 経 お 五 代 十 囜 に 至 る 、 唐 宋 倉 革 に お け る 過 æž¡ 期 ず い わ れ る 時 期 で す 。 こ の 時 期 は 比 范 的 長 く 、 15 0 幎 以 侊 も あ り た す 。 倧唐垝囜が埐々に衰退しおいく時期にあたり、文化的には停滞したずいう印象は ぬ ぐ い き れ た せ ん が 、こ の 時 期 に、近 侖 ぞ の 脱 皮 が 行 わ れ お い た こ ず は 明 ら か で 、 䞭唐の光圩の䞀぀ずいえる癜居易の詩からは、近䞖的な自我ず芖点が感じられ、 た た 仏 教 に お い お も 、密 教 か ら 犅ぞ の 移 行 が 進 め ら れ た す 。 加 え お 儒 å­Š が 埩 æš© し 、 宋時代に士倧倫局を぀くりあげる基瀎が固められたす。 陶磁噚においおは機胜的で抜象性の高い䜜品が䜜られるようになり、晩唐の段 階では、かなり掗緎された、宋磁のプロトタむプずでも云うべきやきものが出珟 し始めたす。 晩唐の越州窯の秘色青磁法門寺出土のものなどに関しおは、北宋の末に珟 れる汝窯ずずもに、䞭囜陶磁における青磁の双璧ず云えるでしょう。 埌に汝窯を生み出したのは、䞭唐以降の青磁の興隆であるずいっおよく、いか に 数 倚 く の 青 磁 窯 が 存 圚 し 、 掻 発 に 掻 動 し た の か は、 そ の 倚 çš® 倚 様 な 䜜 䟋 を 芋 れ ば理解できるず思いたす。 たた、癜磁においおも邢州窯、定窯などの名窯が頭角をあらわし、たさに䞭唐 晩唐は、青磁ず癜磁の時代ず云っおも過蚀ではないでしょう。

以䞊、䞉぀の時期を象城する䜜品によっお本展は構成されおいたす。 倧唐垝囜 300 幎の流れを少しでも感じずっお頂けたら、これにたさる嬉びはご ざいたせん。

繭山韍泉堂

4


略幎衚

500

北 南

朝

530

556

西

魏

北

å‘š

魏 534

東

魏

550

北

斉

570

581

600

Ⅰ

589

隋

618

高祖 618〜626 倪宗 626〜649

初

- 655 歊照則倩歊后皇后ずなる

唐

高宗 649〜683

- 682 掛陜を神郜ずする 684

則倩歊后 690〜705

700

Ⅱ

盛

唐

äž­

唐

玄宗 712〜756

698

- 755 安史の乱起こる 756 - 760 茶経この頃に蚘される

800

827 - 835 甘露の倉 - 845 䌚昌の廃仏

Ⅲ

枀

804 空海入唐 文宗 827〜840

- 859 裘甫の乱起こる

晩

- 868 韐勛の乱起こる

唐

- 874 黄巣の倧乱起こる

900 907

五

917

代

960

1000

北

926

遼

宋

5

æµ·


Preface

Through its artworks, this exhibition seeks a reconsideration of the totality of

the great Tang empire that lasted approximately three hundred years.

The Tang dynasty is generally divided chronologically into four periods, the

Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and Late Tang. This exhibition is further arranged into the following three periods to supplement those basic divisions. I.

Sui Dynasty to Reign of Emperor Gaozong (primarily Sui and Early Tang)

II. Reign of Empress Wu Zetian through Reign of Emperor Xuanzong (primarily High Tang) III. From the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang Chao Great Rebellion through the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (primarily Mid Tang, Late Tang and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period)

Thus the Sui dynasty that preceded the Tang and the Five Dynasties and Ten

Kingdoms period that followed the fall of the Tang are included within the scope of this exhibition.

In section 1 from the Sui through the Early Tang, China was governed by a

Northern dynasties ruling class based on the Guanlong group (関階集団) that also played an important and continuous role in culture.

We can say that the flourishing of culture in the early Tang was essentially

based on that of the Sui dynasty, which led to the first empire and its great wisdom to unify all of China in approximately 380 years since Han dynasty’s fall.

One example of this cultural flourishing can be seen in the creation and

development of white porcelain that continued on from the Northern Qi dynasty. Extant works indicate that the production of white porcelains flourished in northern China. These works formed one of the major trends in the history of Chinese ceramics.

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Next, the High Tang period of section 2. The autocratic rule of Empress Wu

Zetian shifted the governing base from the Guanlong group to bureaucracies chosen by imperial examination, and as the empire matured, its culture became all the more vibrant.

Sancai is the representative art form of this period. Today sancai ware is so

widely known and collected that it is often the first type of ceramics conjured when the Tang dynasty is mentioned in the context of Chinese ceramics. White porcelains continued to be produced, but the brilliance of sancai began to overshadow their presence.

In the final section 3, the time from the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang

Chao Great Rebellion to Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was a turbulent time marking the change from the Tang to the Song. This period was relatively long, more than a century and a half. It was a time when the great Tang dynasty gradually weakened, and while the impression that it was a culturally stagnant period remains, it is clear that this time marked the breakthrough to the pre-modern era. For example, we can sense a pre-modern self and viewpoint in the poetry of Bai Juyi, one of the shining lights of the Mid Tang. Similarly in Buddhism, there was a shift during this period from esoteric Buddhism to Zen. Confucianism enjoyed a renewed authority, and thus strengthened the basis for the scholar-official class of the Song dynasty.

In ceramics, this period saw the production of functional and highly abstract

works, and in the Late Tang, there began to appear ceramics that were quite refined and can be considered prototypes of Song dynasty porcelain.

The so-called “mysterious color celadons� from Yue ware in late Tang (such as

those excavated at Famensi temple) and the Ru ware that appeared at the end of the Northern Song can be considered the two pillars of celadon in Chinese ceramics.

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The later emergence of Ru ware came after the flourishing of celadon from the

Mid Tang onwards, and a look at the diverse array of extant examples shows just how many different kilns for celadon production existed.

In white porcelains, it was the Mid Tang and the Late Tang that saw the

appearance of such famous wares as Xingzhou ware and Ding ware, thus it is not an exaggeration to call this period the age of celadon and white porcelain.

This exhibition is made up of works that exemplify the above three periods.

We hope that you will enjoy gaining a sense of the three-century flow of the great Tang dynasty through these works.

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd.

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Brief Chronology

500

Northern Wei Southern Dynasties

530

Western Wei

556

Northern Zhou

534 550 570

Eastern Wei Northern Qi

581

600

Ⅰ

589

Sui

618

Emperor Gaozu 618〜626 Emperor Taizong 626〜649

- 655 Wu Tian becomes empress.

Early Tang

Emperor Gaozong 649〜683

- 682 Tang capital moved to Luoyang. 684

700

Ⅱ

High Tang

Empress Wu Zetian 690〜705 Emperor Xuanzong 712〜756

698

- 755 An Lushan Rebellion 756 - ca. 760 Lu Yu wrote the Classic of Tea.

Mid Tang

800

827 - 835 Ganlu Incident - 845 Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution

Ⅲ

Balhae

804 KÅ«kai entered Tang.

- 859 Qiufu Rebellion - 868 Pangxun Rebellion

Emperor Wenzong 827〜840

Late Tang

- 874 Huang Chao Great Rebellion

900 907

917

Five Dynasties

926

960

1000

Northern Song

9

Liao



I. 隋 か ら 高 宗 の æ²» 侖 た で Sui Dynasty to Reign of Emperor Gaozong


1. 癜磁倩鶏壺 隋䞖玀初 埄 12.7 cm 高 24.2 cm 出展

「唐磁 癜磁・青磁・䞉圩」根接矎術通 , 1988 幎, no. 16. 所茉

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房 , 1956 幎, 挿図 43.

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 〈隋唐篇〉』河出曞房新瀟 , 1961幎, 挿図 43. 繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第䞀集 , 1976 幎, 図版 106.

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH LUGS AND CHICKEN HEAD FINIAL WITH DRAGON HANDLE

Sui

D. 12.7 cm H. 24.2 cm EXHIBITED

Tang Pottery and Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 16. LITERATURE

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai Tōji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 43.

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 43.

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅰ, 1976, pl. 106.

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2. 青磁長頞瓶 北斉䞖玀埌半 胎埄 12.5 cm 高 21.6 cm

CELADON PORCELAIN LONG NECK BOTTLE

Northern Qi

D. 12.5 cm H. 21.6 cm

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15


3. 癜磁長頞瓶 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 胎埄 14.5 cm 高 25.2 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN LONG NECK BOTTLE

Sui

D. 14.5 cm H. 25.2 cm

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4. 癜磁杯 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 埄 11.3 cm 高 8.9 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN CUP

Sui

D. 11.3 cm H. 8.9 cm

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19


5. 癜磁杯 隋〜初唐䞖玀前半 埄 9.2 cm 高 7.3 cm 来歎 Clive D. Collins1917~2009 幎旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN CUP

Sui - Early Tang D. 9.2 cm H. 7.3 cm PROVENANCE Clive

Collection.

D. Collins (1917-2009)

6. 癜磁四耳壺 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 胎埄 9.0 cm 高 7.7 cm 来歎 䌝 1968 幎 繭山韍泉堂 .

䌝 1968 幎 Bluett & Sons Ltd, ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH FOUR LUGS

Sui D. 9.0 cm H. 7.7 cm PROVENANCE Mayuyama

repute).

& Co., Ltd. 1968 (by

Bluett & Sons Ltd, London, 1968 (by repute). Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

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7. 癜磁把手杯 初唐䞖玀前半 埄 9.0 cm 高 5.3 cm 来歎 Dennis Alfred Barnham1920 〜 1981 幎旧蔵1949 幎 4 月に John Hewitt より賌入.

WHITE PORCELAIN CUP WITH HANDLE

Early Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 5.3 cm PROVENANCE Dennis

Alfred Barnham (1920-1981) Collection, acquired from John Hewitt, April 1949.

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8. 癜磁女子 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 高 26.7 cm 来歎

Andre Carlhian1883 〜 1968 幎旧蔵 . C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.

WHITE PORCELAIN WOMAN

Sui

H. 26.7 cm PROVENANCE

Andre Carlhian (1883-1968) Collection. C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.

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9. 加圩女子 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 高 25.0 cm 来歎

Andre Carlhian1883 〜 1968 幎旧蔵 . C. T. Loo  Co. Frank Caro.

PAINTED POTTERY WOMAN

Sui

H. 25.0 cm PROVENANCE

Andre Carlhian (1883-1968) Collection. C. T. Loo & Co. Frank Caro.

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25


隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 胎埄 21.4 cm 高 13.9 cm

CELADON JAR

Sui D. 21.4 cm H. 13.9 cm

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11. 青磁双耳壺 隋䞖玀末〜䞖玀初 胎埄 17.5 cm 高 16.8 cm

CELADON JAR WITH TWO LUGS

Sui D. 17.5 cm H. 16.8 cm

27


隋〜初唐䞖玀前半 胎埄 19.6 cm 高 13.5 cm 来歎 Frederick M. Mayer〜 1974 幎旧蔵 .

出展 「Chinese Ceramics」Los Angeles County Museum, 1952, no. 90.

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR (right)

Sui - Early Tang D. 19.6 cm H. 13.5 cm PROVENANCE Frederick EXHIBITED Chinese

M. Mayer (d. 1974) Collection.

Ceramics, Los Angeles County Museum, 1952, no. 90.

初唐䞖玀前半 胎埄 4.5 cm 高 3.1 cm 来歎 Myron S. Falk1906 〜 1989 幎旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR (below)

Early Tang D. 4.5 cm H. 3.1 cm PROVENANCE Myron

S. Falk (1906-1989) Collection.

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29


14. 癜磁韍耳瓶 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半 胎埄 22.8 cm 高 42.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN VASE WITH DRAGON HANDLES

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 22.8 cm H. 42.0 cm

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31


15. 耐釉韍耳瓶 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半 胎埄 20.2 cm 高 39.3 cm

BROWN GLAZED VASE WITH TWO DRAGON HANDLES

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 20.2 cm H. 39.3 cm

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33


16. 癜磁獣耳瓶 初唐䞖玀前半 胎埄 29.7 cm 高 58.9 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN VASE WITH ANIMAL HANDLES

Early Tang

D. 29.7 cm H. 58.9 cm

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35


16. 癜磁獣耳瓶 郚分

36


37


17. 癜磁胡人把手匁口氎泚 隋〜初唐䞖玀前半 埄 12.3 cm 高 23.2 cm 来歎

Anna Ilsley Ball Kneeland1865 〜 1955 幎旧蔵1918 〜 1931 幎に賌入, ニュヌペヌク . 1955 〜 2014 幎 4 月たで Yale University Art Gallery に寄蚗 .

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH AND HANDLE DECORATED WITH HUREN

Sui - Early Tang

D. 12.3 cm H. 23.2 cm PROVENANCE

Anna Ilsley Ball Kneeland (1865-1955) Collection, New York, acquired 1918-1931. On loan: Yale University Art Gallery, 1955 to April 2014.

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18. 癜磁韍圢把手匁口氎泚 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀 埄 19.6 cm 高 37.4 cm 来歎

䞭囜陶瓷矎術通旧蔵 . 所茉

『䞭囜陶瓷矎術通蔵品撰集』1998 幎, 図版 21.

『俑・陶・華通蔵優品撰集』2005 幎, 図版 11.

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH AND HANDLE DECORATED WITH DRAGON

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 19.6 cm H. 37.4 cm PROVENANCE

The Chinese Ceramics Museum Collection. LITERATURE

Chūgoku Tōji Bijutsu Kan Zōhin Senshu, 1998, pl. 21. -YōTōKa- Kanzō Yūhin Senshu, 2005, pl. 11.

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19. 癜磁兎耳有蓋壺 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀前半 胎埄 22.3 cm 高 25.3 cm 来歎

Eskenazi Ltd., ロンドンno. 8935.

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH LID AND TWO RABBIT LUGS

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 22.3 cm H. 25.3 cm PROVEANCE

Eskenazi Ltd., London (no. 8935).

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20. 癜磁兎耳壺

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS

初唐〜盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 13.4 cm 高 11.9 cm 来歎 Ian Greenlees1913 〜 1988 幎1961 幎たで旧蔵 .

Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Early Tang - High Tang D. 13.4 cm H. 11.9 cm PROVENANCE Ian

1961.

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

Greenlees (1913-1988) Collection until

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

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21. 癜磁兎耳壺 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 13.5 cm 高 11.2 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS

Early Tang - Hight Tang D. 13.5 cm H. 11.2 cm

22. 癜磁兎耳壺 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 11.1 cm 高 10.0 cm 来歎 1982 幎 4 月 7 日に Christie’s に出品される ,

Lot 168.

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO RABBIT LUGS

Early Tang - High Tang D. 11.1 cm H. 10.0 cm PROVENANCE Christies,

Fine Chinese

Ceramics, Jades And Works Of Art, 7 April 1982, Lot 168.

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23. 癜磁盀 初唐䞖玀 埄 16.8 cm 高 3.5 cm 来歎 Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

WHITE PORCELAIN DISH

Early Tang D. 16.8 cm H. 3.5 cm PROVENANCE Bluett

& Sons Ltd., London.

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24. 癜磁高足杯 初唐䞖玀 埄 12.6 cm 高 8.5 cm 来歎 Myron S. Falk1906 〜 1989 幎旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL ON A HIGH FLARING FOOT

Early Tang D. 12.6 cm H. 8.5 cm PROVENANCE Myron

Collection.

S. Falk (1906-1989)

25. 癜磁壺 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 14.6 cm 高 14.0 cm 来歎 䌝 Warren E. Cox〜 1977 幎旧蔵 ,

ニュヌペヌク .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR ON A FLARING FOOT

Early Tang D. 14.6 cm H. 14.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren

E. Cox (d. 1977)

Collection, New York (by repute).

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26. 癜磁盀口壺 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 10.9 cm 高 11.0 cm 来歎 䌝 Warren E. Cox〜 1977 幎旧 蔵 , ニュヌペヌク .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR

Early Tang D. 10.9 cm H. 11.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren

E. Cox (d. 1977) Collection, New York (by repute).

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27. 癜磁盀口壺 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 12.4 cm 高 12.9 cm 来歎 欧州旧家旧蔵1970 〜 1980 幎代初頭に賌入.

1982 幎, Benjamin J. Stein, アムステルダム .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR

Early Tang D. 12.4 cm H. 12.9 cm PROVENANCE The

private collection of a European family acquired in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Benjamin J. Stein, Amsterdam, acquired 1982.

49


28. 癜磁杯 初唐䞖玀 埄 12.2 cm 高 10.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN CUP

Early Tang

D. 12.2 cm H. 10.0 cm

50


51


29. 癜釉加圩アカンサス文壺 右 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 17.0 cm 高 15.8 cm 出展 「新発芋・戊埌未公開名品展」, 日本橋䞉越 , 1962 幎. 「唐宋名陶展」, 日本橋癜朚屋 , 1964 幎, no. 52. み

「䞭囜陶磁 矎を鑑るこころ」泉屋博叀通分通 , 2006 幎, no. 8.

所茉 『叀矎術 第 9 号』䞉圩瀟 , 1965 幎, p. 93-94. 繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第䞀集 , 1976 幎, 図版 223.

PAINTED WHITE GLAZED JAR DECORATED WITH ACANTHUS DESIGN (right)

Early Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 15.8 cm EXHIBITED Shinhakken・Sengo

Mikōkai Meihinten, Nihombashi Mitsukoshi, Tokyo, 1962.

Tō Sō Meitōten, Nihonbashi Shirakiya, Tokyo, 1964, no. 52.

Chinise Ceramics, Enlightening Through Beauty, Sen-Oku Hakuko Kan, Tokyo, 2006, no. 8. LITERATURE Kobijutsu

Vol. 9, Sansai-sha, 1965, p. 93- 94.

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅰ, 1976, pl. 223.

30. 癜釉壺 䞋 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 14.2 cm 高 12.5 cm 来歎 Herbert C. Shipman, Kea’au, Hawai’I1892 〜 1976 幎旧蔵 . 1989 〜 1994 幎たで Lyman Museum に寄莈 .

WHITE GLAZED JAR (below)

Early Tang D. 14.2 cm H. 12.5 cm PROVENANCE Herbert

C. Shipman, Kea’au, Hawai’I (1892-1976) Collection.

Gifted to the Lyman Museum from 1989-1994.

52


53


31. 32. 癜釉有蓋壺 䞀察 初唐䞖玀 胎埄 13.8 cm巊 13.0 cm右 高 14.7 cm 来歎

Herbert C. Shipman, Kea’au, Hawai’I1892 〜 1976 幎旧蔵 . 1989 〜 1994 幎たで Lyman Museum に寄莈 .

WHITE GLAZED JARS WITH LIDS

Early Tang

D. 13.8 cm (left) 13.0 cm (right) H. 14.7 cm PROVENANCE

Herbert C. Shipman, Kea’au, Hawai’I (1892-1976) Collection. Gifted to the Lyman Museum from 1989-1994.

54

.


55


33. 黄釉加圩階銬女子 初唐䞖玀 長 20.8 cm 高 27.4 cm

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN ON HORSEBACK

Early Tang

L. 20.8 cm H. 27.4 cm

56


57


34. 黄釉加圩階銬女子 初唐䞖玀 長 23.6 cm 高 30.8 cm 来歎

藀岡了䞀1909 〜 1991 幎箱曞 .

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN ON HORSEBACK

Early Tang

L. 23.6 cm H. 30.8 cm PROVENANCE

Box inscription by Ryoichi Fujioka (1909-1991).

58


59


35. 黄釉加圩胡人 初唐䞖玀 高 25.0 cm

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HUREN

Early Tang H. 25.0 cm

36. 黄釉加圩女子 初唐䞖玀 高 19.8 cm

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED WOMAN

Early Tang H. 19.8 cm

60


37. 黄釉加圩人物 初唐䞖玀 高 19.2 cm

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED MAN

Early Tang H. 19.2 cm

38. 黄釉加圩牛 初唐䞖玀 長 24.0 cm 高 19.0 cm 来歎 1989 幎 12 月 12 日 Sotheby’s London に出品

される , Lot 194.

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED COW

Early Tang L. 24.0 cm H. 19.0 cm PROVENANCE Sotheby’s

1989, Lot 194.

London, 12 December

61


62


39. 緑釉歊人

40. 黄釉加圩銬

初唐䞖玀 高 34.4 cm

初唐䞖玀 長 28.9 cm 高 29.5 cm

GREEN GLAZED WARRIOR

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HORSE

Early Tang

Early Tang

H. 34.4 cm

L. 28.9 cm H. 29.5 cm

63


41. 42. 黄釉加圩銬 初唐䞖玀 巊長 33.8 cm 高 33.2 cm 右長 31.9 cm 高 31.6 cm

64


PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED HORSES Early Tang (left) L. 33.8 cm H. 33.2 cm (right) L. 31.9 cm H. 31.6 cm

65


43. 黄釉加圩鎮墓獣 初唐䞖玀 高 39.2 cm

PAINTED YELLOW GLAZED GUARDIAN

Early Tang

H. 39.2 cm

66


67


68


II. 則 倩 æ­Š 后 の æ²» 侖 か ら 玄 宗 の æ²» 侖 た で Reign of Empress Wu Zetian through Reign of Emperor Xuanzong

69


44. 菩薩立像 初唐䞖玀埌半 高 34.8 cm 来歎

繭山韍泉堂 1950 幎以前 . Victor L. Hauge 旧蔵 .

STANDING BODHISATTVA

Early Tang

H. 34.8 cm PROVENANCE

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., prior to 1950. Victor L. Hauge Collection.

70


71


45. 蓮枝仏断片 初唐䞖玀埌半 高 59.0 cm 所茉

繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第二集 , 1976 幎, 図版 146.

RELIEF FRAGMENT WITH BUDDHIST IMAGES ON LOTUS BUDS

Early Tang

H. 59.0 cm LITERATURE

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅱ, 1976, pl. 146.

72


73


46. 加圩女子 盛唐䞖玀 高 34.7 cm 来歎

小山冚士倫1900 〜 1975 幎箱曞 .

PAINTED POTTERY WOMAN

High Tang

H. 34.7 cm PROVENANCE

Box inscription by Fujio Koyama (1900-1975).

74


75


47. 䞉圩銬 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 長 81.9 cm 高 75.2 cm 来歎

池田勇人1899 〜 1965 幎旧蔵 . 所茉

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房 , 1956 幎, 図 123.

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房新瀟 , 1961幎, 図版 123. 小山冚士倫『東掋叀陶磁』1961幎, 図版 5.

SANCAI HORSE

High Tang

L. 81.9 cm H. 75.2 cm PROVENANCE

Hayato Ikeda (1899-1965) Collection. LITERATURE

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai Tōji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 123.

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 123.

Fujio Koyama, Tōyō Kotōji, 1961, pl. 5.

76


77


47. 䞉圩銬 埌

78


79


48. 䞉圩鳳銖瓶 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 14.5 cm 高 28.2 cm 出展

「隋唐の矎術」京郜囜立博物通 , 1959 幎, no. 148. 「唐宋名陶展」日本橋癜朚屋 , 1964 幎, no. 2. 所茉

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房, 1956 幎, 図 56.

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房新瀟, 1961 幎, 図版 56. 䞋䞭邊圊『陶噚党集 第 25 巻唐䞉圩』1965 幎, 図版 2.

氎野枅䞀『陶磁倧系 第 35 巻唐䞉圩』1977 幎, 図版 31. 䜐藀雅圊「䞭囜陶磁史」1978 幎, 図 100.

平野叀陶軒『叀陶軒撰華』1988 幎, 図版 40.

SANCAI PHOENIX-HEAD EWER

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 14.5 cm H. 28.2 cm EXHIBITED

Zui Tō No Bijutsu, Kyoto National Museum, Kyoto, 1959, no. 148. Tō So Meitōten, Nihonbashi Shirakiya, Tokyo, 1964, no. 2. LITERATURE

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai Tōji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 56. Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 56.

Kunihiko Shimonaka, Tō Sansai, Vol. 25 from the series, Tōji Zenshu, 1965, pl. 2. Seiichi Mizuno, Tō Sansai, Vol. 35 from the series, Tōji Taikei, 1977, pl. 31. Masahiko Sato, Chūgoku Tōjishi, 1978, pl. 100.

Hirano Kotōken Co., Ltd., Kotōken Senka, 1988, pl. 40.

80


81


49. 䞉圩鳳銖瓶 盛唐䞖玀 埄 16.2 cm 高 33.3 cm 所茉

繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第䞀集 , 1976 幎, 図版 234.

SANCAI PHOENIX-HEAD EWER

High Tang

D. 16.2 cm H. 33.3 cm LITERATURE

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅰ, 1976, pl. 234.

82


83


ふく

50. 䞉圩 鍑 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 埄 19.7 cm 高 12.0 cm

SANCAI FU High Tang D. 19.7 cm H. 12.0 cm

84


85


51. 緑釉壺 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半 胎埄 20.1 cm 高 16.1 cm 来歎

Richard Edmund Relfe Luff1887 〜 1969 幎旧蔵 . The R. E. R. Luff Will Trust 旧蔵 .

1973 幎 6 月 26 日に Sotheby’s London に出品される, Lot 8. 出展

「Wares of the T’ang Dynasty」Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 169. 「東掋叀矎術展」日本橋䞉越 , 東京, 1974 幎, no. 6.

「ペヌロッパ秘蔵叀䌊䞇里柿右衛門叀陶磁展」日本橋髙島屋, 東京, 1975 幎, no. 10.

GREEN GLAZED JAR

Early Tang - High Tang

D. 20.1 cm H. 16.1 cm PROVENANCE

Richard Edmund Relfe Luff (1887-1969) Collection. The R. E. R. Luff Will Trust Collection.

Sotheby’s London, 26 June 1973, Lot 8. EXHIBITED

Wares of the T’ang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 169. Tōyō Kobijutsu Ten, Nihombashi Mitsukoshi, Tokyo, 1974, no. 6.

Yōroppa Hizō Koimari Kakiemon Kotōji Ten, Nihombashi Takashimaya, Tokyo, 1975, no. 10.

86


87


52. 䞉圩壺 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀䞭葉 胎埄 20.1 cm 高 17.8 cm 来歎

Lord Rolf Cunliffe1899 〜 1963 幎旧蔵 . 出展

「Wares of the T’ang Dynasty」Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 26.

「The Arts of the T’ang Dynasty」Oriental Ceramic Society, 1955 幎, no. 98. 所茉

Oriental Ceramic Society『The Arts of the T’ang Dynasty』1955 幎, 図版 7-b99.

SANCAI JAR

High Tang

D. 20.1 cm H. 17.8 cm

PROVENANCE

Lord Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. EXHIBITED

Wares of the T’ang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 26.

The Arts of the T’ang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1955, no. 98. LITERATURE

Oriental Ceramic Society, The Arts of the T’ang Dynasty, 1955, pl. 7-b99.

88


89


53. 䞉圩壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 21.6 cm 高 27.0 cm 所茉

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房 , 1956 幎, 図 10.

『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房新瀟 , 1961 幎, 図版 10.

『䞖界矎術党集 第 15 å·» 䞭囜 (4) 隋・唐』角川曞店 , 1961 幎, 挿図 79. 繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第䞀集 , 1976 幎, 図版 248.

氎野枅䞀『陶磁倧系 第 35 巻唐䞉圩』1977 幎, 図版 43. 䜐藀雅圊『䞭囜陶磁史』1978 幎, 図版 94.

SANCAI JAR WITH LID

High Tang

D. 21.6 cm H. 27.0 cm LITERATURE

Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai Tōji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 10. Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics, Kawade Shobo Shinsha,1961, pl. 10.

Chūgoku (4) Zui・Tō, Vol. 15 from the series, Sekai Bijutsu Zenshū, Kadokawa Shoten Publishing Co., Ltd., 1961, pl. 79.

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅰ, 1976, pl. 248.

Seiichi Mizuno, Tō Sansai, Vol. 35 from the series, Tōji Taikei, 1977, pl. 43. Masahiko Sato, Chūgoku Tōjishi, 1978, pl. 94.

90


91


54. 䞉圩壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 21.4 cm 高 19.4 cm 来歎

Lord Rolf Cunliffe1899 〜 1963 幎旧蔵 . 出展

「Wares of the T’ang Dynasty」Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949 幎, no. 128.

SANCAI JAR

High Tang

D. 21.4 cm H. 19.4 cm PROVENANCE

Lord Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. EXHIBITED

Wares of the T’ang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, 1949, no. 128.

92


93


55. 癜釉壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 27.7 cm 高 33.7 cm

WHITE GLAZED JAR WITH LID

High Tang

D. 27.7 cm H. 33.7 cm

94


95


56. 䞉圩有蓋壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 18.5 cm 高 19.7 cm

SANCAI JAR WITH LID

High Tang

D. 18.5 cm H. 19.7 cm

96


97


57. 䞉圩宝盞華文盀 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀䞭葉 埄 17.7 cm 高 4.5 cm

SANCAI TRAY WITH THREE FEET AND FLORAL DESIGN

High Tang D. 17.7 cm H. 4.5 cm

98


99


58. 䞉圩掗 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀䞭葉 埄 20.2 cm 高 4.2 cm 所茉

繭山韍泉堂『韍泉集芳』第䞀集 , 1976 幎, 図版 234.

SANCAI DEEP DISH

High Tang

D. 20.2 cm H. 4.2 cm LITERATURE

Mayuyama & Co., Ltd., Mayuyama Seventy Years, Vol. Ⅰ, 1976, pl. 234.

100


101


ふく

59. 䞉圩有蓋 鍑 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 9.0 cm 高 9.9 cm 来歎

Coll. Conte Gianfranco Litta 旧蔵 . Marquis G. Litta-Modignani 旧蔵 . 出展

「MOSTRA D’ARTE CHINESE-VENEZIA」ノェネツィア, 1954 幎. 所茉

『MOSTRA D’ARTE CHINESE-VENEZIA』Alfieri Editore Venezia, 1954 幎, 図版 329. Mario Prodan『La Poterie T’ang』Arts Et Metiers Graphiques, 1960 幎.

SANCAI FU WITH LID

Early Tang - High Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 9.9 cm PROVENANCE

Coll. Conte Gianfranco Litta Collection. Marquis G. Litta-Modignani Collection. EXHIBITED

Mostra D’arte Chinese, Venezia, 1954. LITERATURE

Mostra D’arte Chinese, Alfieri Editore Venezia, 1954, pl. 329.

Mario Prodan, La Poterie T’ang, Arts Et Metiers Graphiques, 1960.

102


103


60. 䞉圩同心円文杯 隋〜初唐䞖玀 埄 7.6 cm 高 6.0 cm 来歎 Mr. Alfred Clark1873 〜 1950 幎旧蔵 .

Mrs. Alfred Clark1890 〜 1976 幎旧蔵 . Spink & Son Ltd., ロンドン, 1975 幎.

出展 「The Arts of the T’ang Dynasty」Oriental Ceramic Society, ロンドン, 1955 幎, no. 113.

SANCAI CUP DECORATED WITH CONCENTRIC CIRCLES

Sui - Early Tang D. 7.6 cm H. 6.0 cm PROVENANCE Mr.

Alfred Clark (1873-1950) Collection.

Mrs. Alfred Clark (1890-1976) Collection. Spink & Son Ltd., London, 1975.

EXHIBITED The

Arts of the T’ang Dynasty, Oriental Ceramic Society, London, 1955, no. 113.

104


ふく

61. 藍圩 鍑 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 7.1 cm 高 5.3 cm 来歎 Myron S. Falk1906 〜 1989 幎旧蔵 .

出展 「Early Chinese Miniatures」, China House

Gallery, China Institute in America, New York, 1977 幎, no. 120.

BLUE GLAZED FU

Early Tang - High Tang D. 7.1 cm H. 5.3 cm PROVENANCE Myron

Collection.

EXHIBITED Early

S. Falk (1906-1989)

Chinese Miniatures, China

House Gallery, China Institute in America, New York, 1977, no. 120.

ふく

62. 耐釉 鍑 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 6.0 cm 高 5.0 cm

BROWN GLAZED FU

Early Tang - High Tang D. 6.0 cm H. 5.0 cm

105


63. 䞉圩把手杯 初唐〜盛唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀前半 埄 8.9 cm 高 5.5 cm

SANCAI CUP WITH HANDLE

Early Tang - High Tang D. 8.9 cm H. 5.5 cm

106


64. 䞉圩四耳壺 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀䞭葉 胎埄 4.0 cm 高 4.5 cm

SANCAI JAR WITH FOUR LUGS

High Tang

D. 4.0 cm H. 4.5 cm

65. 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀䞭葉 胎埄 10.2 cm 高 7.1 cm

SANCAI JAR

High Tang

D. 10.2 cm H. 7.1 cm

66. 䞉圩杯巊 盛唐䞖玀 埄 7.2 cm 高 4.5 cm

SANCAI CUP (left)

High Tang D. 7.2 cm H. 4.5 cm

67. 䞉圩杯右 盛唐䞖玀 埄 7.7 cm 高 4.8 cm

SANCAI CUP (right)

High Tang D. 7.7 cm H. 4.8 cm

107


68. 䞉圩壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 16.8 cm 高 15.5 cm 来歎 小山冚士倫1900 〜 1975 幎箱曞 .

SANCAI JAR

High Tang D. 16.8 cm H. 15.5 cm PROVENANCE Box

inscription by Fujio Koyama (1900-1975).

108


69. 緑釉盀口壺 盛唐䞖玀 胎埄 8.8 cm 高 9.2 cm

GREEN GLAZED JAR

High Tang D. 8.8 cm H. 9.2 cm

109


70. 癜磁浄瓶 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 14.1 cm 高 24.6 cm 来歎

Burchard, ロンドン .

WHITE PORCELAIN KUNDIKA

High Tang - Mid Tang

D. 14.1 cm H. 24.6 cm PROVENANCE

Burchard, London.

110


111


71. 癜磁氎泚 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 15.8 cm 高 22.6 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER

High Tang - Mid Tang

D. 15.8 cm H. 22.6 cm

112


113


72. 癜磁脚杯 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 埄 6.1 cm 高 7.2 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 . Fritz Low-Beer1906 〜 1976 幎旧蔵 . 出展 「Helsingfors」ヘルシンキ, 1956 幎, no. 119.

所茉 Bo Gyllensvard『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 314.

WHITE PORCELAIN STEM CUP

High Tang D. 6.1 cm H. 7.2 cm PROVENANCE Carl

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection. Fritz Low-Beer (1906-1976) Collection.

EXHIBITED Helsingfors, LITERATURE Bo

Helsinki, 1956, no. 119.

Gyllensvard, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 314.

114


73. 癜磁盒子 盛唐䞖玀 埄 6.8 cm 高 4.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER

High Tang D. 6.8 cm H. 4.0 cm

74. 癜磁盒子 盛唐䞖玀 埄 10.0 cm 高 5.5 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER

High Tang D. 10.0 cm H. 5.5 cm

115


75. 癜磁氎泚 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 埄 9.4 cm 高 10.5 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 . Sydney L. Moss, ロンドン .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, no. 230.

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER

High Tang D. 9.4 cm H. 10.5 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection. Sydney L. Moss, London.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, no. 230.

116


76. 癜磁壺 盛唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 胎埄 9.8 cm 高 7.6 cm 来歎 Ambassador Jan van den Berg

1920 幎代 1949 幎たで䞭囜駐圚旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR

High Tang D. 9.8 cm H. 7.6 cm PROVENANCE Ambassador

Jan van den

Berg (resided in China from 1920s to 1949) Collection.

77. 癜磁氎泚 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 8.3 cm 高 8.3 cm 来歎 Marchant, ロンドン .

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 8.3 cm H. 8.3 cm PROVENANCE Marchant,

London.

117


78. 黒釉氎泚

BLACK GLAZED EWER

盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 11.3 cm 高 11.4 cm

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 11.3 cm H. 11.4 cm

出展 「䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術」倧阪垂立矎術通 ,

EXHIBITED Chugoku

bijutsu ten series 3: Zui Tō No Bijutsu, Osaka

1976 幎, no. 1-87.

Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-87.

1976 幎, 図版 1-87.

series 3: Zui Tō No Bijutsu, 1976, pl. 1-87.

所茉 倧阪垂立矎術通『䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術』

倧阪垂立矎術通線『隋唐の矎術』1978 幎, 図版 90.

LITERATURE Osaka

Municipal Art Museum, Chugoku bijutsu ten

Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui Tō No Bijutsu, 1978, pl. 90.

79. 黒釉瓶 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 胎埄 4.1 cm 高 6.4 cm 出展 「特別展 かわいい ミニチュア」MOA 矎術通,

2005 幎, no. 42.

BLACK GLAZED BOTTLE

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 4.1 cm H. 6.4 cm EXHIBITED Tokubetsu

Ten Kawaii Miniature, MOA

Museum of Art, Shizuoka, 2005, no. 42.

118


80. 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 3.0 cm 高 2.7 cm 来歎 小山冚士倫1900 〜 1975 幎箱曞 .

BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH HANDLE (left)

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 3.0 cm H. 2.7 cm PROVENANCE Box

(1900-1975).

inscription by Fujio Koyama

81. 黒釉匁口氎泚右 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 5.2 cm 高 6.4 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the

Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, no. 7.

BLACK GLAZED EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH (right)

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 5.2 cm H. 6.4 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in

the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, no. 7.

82. 黒釉氎泚 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 埄 12.2 cm 高 13.3 cm 来歎 欧州旧家旧蔵1970 〜 1980 幎代初頭に賌入.

1982 幎, Benjamin J. Stein, アムステルダム .

BLACK GLAZED EWER

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 12.2 cm H. 13.3 cm PROVENANCE The

private collection of a European

family acquired in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Benjamin J. Stein, Amsterdam, acquired 1982.

119


83. 緑釉緎䞊盀

84. 耐釉緎䞊盀

盛唐䞖玀 埄 13.9 cm 高 2.6 cm

盛唐䞖玀 埄 12.4 cm 高 2.6 cm

GREEN GLAZED MARBLE TRAY

BROWN GLAZED MARBLE TRAY WITH THREE FEET

High Tang D. 13.9 cm H. 2.6 cm

High Tang D. 12.4 cm H. 2.6 cm

120


121


85. 耐釉緎䞊枕 盛唐䞖玀 長 15.5 cm 高 7.8 cm 来歎 岩厎家旧蔵 .

所茉 奥田誠䞀線『支那工芞圖鑑』, 1932 幎.

BROWN GLAZED MARBLE PILLOW

High Tang L. 15.5 cm H. 7.8 cm PROVENANCE The

Iwasaki family collection.

LITERATURE Seiichi

Okuda, Shina Kōgei Zukan, 1932.

122


86. 黄釉緎䞊把手杯 盛唐䞖玀 埄 9.0 cm 高 5.7 cm 出展 「䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術」倧阪垂立矎術通 , 1976 幎, no. 1-142.

所茉 倧阪垂立矎術通『䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術』1976 幎, 図版 1-142.

倧阪垂立矎術通線「隋唐の矎術」1978 幎, 図版 138.

YELLOW GLAZED MARBLE CUP WITH HANDLE

High Tang D. 9.0 cm H. 5.7 cm EXHIBITED Chugoku LITERATURE Osaka

bijutsu ten series 3: Zui Tō No Bijutsu, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-142.

Municipal Art Museum, Chugoku bijutsu ten series 3: Zui Tō No Bijutsu, 1976, pl. 1-142.

Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui Tō No Bijutsu, 1978, pl. 138.

123



III. 安史の乱・黄巣の倧乱を経お五代十囜ぞ From the An Lushan Rebellion and Huang Chao Great Rebellion through the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period


126


87. 癜磁花葉文盒子 巊 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀〜䞖玀前半 埄 14.2 cm 高 5.7 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 253.

WHITE PORCELAIN BOX AND COVER WITH LEAF AND FLOWER DESIGN (left)

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.2 cm H. 5.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 253.

88. 癜磁広口壺 䞋 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀 埄 12.7 cm 高 10.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN JAR WITH WIDE RIM (below)

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 12.7 cm H.10.0 cm

127


89. 黒釉葉文枕 晩唐〜五代十囜䞖玀〜䞖玀前半 長 17.0 cm 高 9.2 cm 来歎

出光矎術通旧蔵 . 出展

「唐磁 癜磁・青磁・䞉圩」根接矎術通 , 1988 幎, no. 32. 所茉

䞉䞊次男『陶噚講座 第 5 å·» 䞭囜Ⅰ 叀代』, 1982 幎, 図版 143.

出光矎術通『出光矎術通蔵品図録 䞭囜陶磁』1987 幎, 図版 64.

西出宏子, 䜐藀サアラ『平凡瀟版 䞭囜の陶磁 倩目』1999 幎, 図版 18.

BLACK PORCELAIN PILLOW WITH LEAF DESIGN

Late Tang - Five Dynasties L. 17.0 cm H. 9.2 cm PROVENANCE

Idemitsu Museum of Arts Collection. EXHIBITED

Tang Pottery And Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 32. LITERATURE

Tsuguo Mikami, Chūgoku Ⅰ Kodai, Vol. 5 from the series, Tōki Kōza, 1982, pl. 143. Idemitsu Museum of Arts, Chinese Ceramics in The Idemitsu Collection, 1987, pl. 64. Hiroko Nishida & Sarah Sato, Temmoku, Vol. 6 from the series, Heibonsha's Chinese Ceramics, Heibonsha, 1999, pl. 18.

128


129


90. 黒釉癜斑文双耳壺 晩唐䞖玀 胎埄 12.8 cm 高 13.2 cm 来歎 Lord Rolf Cunliffe1899 〜 1963 幎旧蔵 . Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH TWO LUGS AND WHITE SPOTS

Late Tang D. 12.8 cm H. 13.2 cm PROVENANCE Lord

Rolf Cunliffe (1899-1963) Collection. Bluett & Sons Ltd., London.

130


91. 黒釉癜斑文壺 䞭唐䞖玀〜䞖玀 胎埄 15.9 cm 高 15.0 cm

BLACK GLAZED JAR WITH WHITE SPOTS

Mid Tang D. 15.9 cm H. 15.0 cm

92. 黄釉壺 盛唐〜䞭唐䞖玀 胎埄 6.7 cm 高 6.4 cm 来歎 Myron S. Falk1906 〜 1989 幎旧蔵 .

YELLOW GLAZED JAR

High Tang - Mid Tang D. 6.7 cm H. 6.4 cm PROVENANCE Myron

Collection.

S. Falk (1906-1989)

131


93. 䞉圩有蓋瓶 晩唐䞖玀 胎埄 17.0 cm 高 42.2 cm

SANCAI BOTTLE WITH FINIAL

Late Tang

D. 17.0 cm H. 42.2 cm

132


133


94. 癜磁碗 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀前半 埄 14.8 cm 高 4.6 cm 来歎 Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン.

Brodie & Enid Lodge1880 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.8 cm H. 4.6 cm PROVENANCE Bluett

& Sons Ltd., London.

Brodie & Enid Lodge (1880-1967) Collection.

134


95. 癜磁碗 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀前半 埄 15.5 cm 高 4.9 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 15.5 cm H. 4.9 cm

135


96. 癜磁碗 定窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 13.4 cm 高 4.1 cm 来歎 Antiquaire Duval, 1944 幎 7 月 8 日 .

WHITE PORCELAIN BOWL Ding Ware

Late Tang

D. 13.4 cm H. 4.1 cm PROVENANCE Antiquaire

Duval, 8 July 1944.

136


97. 癜磁皜花 碟 定窯 五代十囜䞖玀 埄 15.1 cm 高 4.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN DISH WITH FLOWER DESIGN Ding Ware

Five Dynasties

D. 15.1 cm H. 4.0 cm

137


138


98. 癜磁氎泚 晩唐〜五代十囜䞖玀前半 埄 12.1 cm 高 21.4 cm 来歎 Dr. Ip Yee 旧蔵 .

Peter and Nancy Thompson 旧蔵 .

出展 「University of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to

the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson」1996 幎.

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER

Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 12.1 cm H. 21.4 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Ip Yee Collection.

Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.

EXHIBITED University

of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang

to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD

from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.

99 癜磁匁口氎泚 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀 埄 4.7 cm 高 9.0 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH PETAL-MOUTH

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 4.7 cm H. 9.0 cm

100. 癜磁獅子圢把手氎泚 晩唐䞖玀 埄 5.9 cm 高 8.6 cm

WHITE PORCELAIN EWER WITH LION HANDLE

Late Tang D. 5.9 cm H. 8.6 cm

139


陞矜の岳州窯に぀いお ちゃきょう

陞矜が䞭唐760 幎ごろに蚘したず云われおいる『茶経』には、「越州の瓷、岳州 の瓷は皆青し  」ずいうくだりがありたすが、これは䞖玀埌半の段階で、越州窯 以倖においおも “ 青い ”、぀たり緑色の青磁が焌成されおいたこずを瀺すものです。 しかし、珟圚、岳州窯ずいわれおいる湖南省の窯址からは、完成床の高い “ 青い ” 青磁は発芋されおおらず、長沙窯系の遺物が倚く出土しおいたす。 では陞矜が誀っおいたのか䞭唐に越州窯以倖に青い青磁を焌造した窯はなかった のかずいうこずになりたすが、それには少々疑問が残りたす。 本展では晩唐及び五代十囜に湖南省の窯で焌成されたず考えられる、緑色を呈した 青磁を 2 点ほど玹介したいず思いたす図版 101, 102。たたそれに付随しお関連性の ある䜜品も合わせお玹介したいず思いたす図版 103 〜 106, 114。 アむザック ニ ュ ヌ ト ン

それらの倚くは、英囜゚ゞンバラの I saac Newton 博士1900? 〜 1982の旧蔵品だっ たものが倚く、博士のコレクションは 1947 〜 49 幎に銙枯で蒐集されおいたす。 同時期に同じく銙枯で氎野枅䞀氏によっお求められた䜜品矀が、京郜倧孊人文科孊 研究所に収蔵されおおり、これらは極めお高い類䌌性を瀺しおいたす。 ニュヌトン博士によればこれらの䜜品矀は、それより数幎前に、湖南省で日本軍が 道路を建蚭する際に出土したず䌝えおいたす。䜜行は同じく湖南省にあった長沙窯ず 深い関係性を思わせるものが倚いですが、䞭には高い完成床を誇る青磁䜜品もあり、 それらは䞀般の長沙窯ずは䞀線を画しおいたす。 岳州窯ずいうものの珟時点での認識は䞀旊おくずしお、䞭唐期における岳州窯陞 矜はそう思っおいたずは、図版 101, 102 のような緑の青磁であった可胜性があるず は考えられないでしょうか。

参考文献

• Isaac Newton「A Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Province」『Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society』1952 幎 1 月 10 日 . • Isaac Newton「Chinese Ceramic Wares from Hunan」『FAR EASTERN CERAMIC BULLETIN』1958 幎 9-12 月 .

140


Lu Yu's Explanation of Yuezhou (岳州) Ware In the Classic of Tea (ca. 760), Lu Yu commented, “All the Yuezhou (越州) porcelain and Yuezhou (岳州) porcelain is blue.” This indicates that around the year 760 kilns other than those of Yuezhou (越州) were also producing "blue," in other words, green celadons. And yet, no discoveries of highly refined “ blue” celadon have been made at the Yuezhou (岳州) kiln sites in Hunan province, while large amounts of Changsha kiln lineage wares have been excavated at those sites. So does this mean that Lu Yu was wrong? Does this mean that there were no Chinese kilns other than the Yuezhou (越州) kilns producing “ blue” celadons during the Mid Tang? Even if we accept that theory, questions still remain. This exhibition introduces two examples of green colored celadon that are thought to have been fired at Hunan province kilns during the Late Tang and Five Dynasties (pls. 101, 102). We further present works that are related to these two examples. (pls. 103 - 106, 114).

Many of these examples were formerly owned by the English engineer Dr. Isaac Newton (d. 1982) who collected them in Hong Kong between 1947 - 1949. Another group of works -- assembled by Mizuno Seiichi in Hong Kong at that time and now in the collection of the Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University -- is extremely close to the displayed examples. According to Dr. Newton, this group of works had been excavated a few years before when the Japanese Army built a road in Hunan province. While the handling and formation of many of them are closely related to Changsha wares, also from Hunan province, some in the group are highly finished celadon works, which thus differ from ordinary Changsha ware examples. Setting aside for the moment todayʌs perception of Yuezhou (岳州) ware, canʌt we say that it is possible that green celadons like those seen in plates 101, 102 are what Lu Yu considered to be Yuezhou (岳州) ware of the Mid Tang dynasty.

Reference Bibliography • Isaac Newton, “A Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Province”, Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, 10 January, 1952. • Isaac Newton, “Chinese Ceramic Wares from Hunan”, Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin, SeptDec. 1958.

141


101. 青磁皿 岳州窯 晩唐〜五代十囜䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 埄 16.1 cm 高 3.7 cm 来歎 The J. T. Tai1911  1992 幎旧蔵 .

CELADON DISH Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 16.1 cm H. 3.7 cm PROVENANCE The

J. T. Tai (1911-1992) Collection.

142


143


102. 青磁茪花碗 岳州窯 五代十囜䞖玀前半 埄 16.6 cm 高 7.5 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 no. 270旧蔵 .

1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4Serial No. 40』1958 幎, 図版 140.

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware Hunan Celadon Five Dynasties D. 16.6 cm H. 7.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982)(no. 270) Collection.

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

LITERATURE Far

Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 140.

144


145


103. 青磁茪花鉢 岳州窯 五代十囜䞖玀䞭葉 埄 18.2 cm 高 7.5 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 No. 259旧蔵 .

出展 「唐磁 癜磁・青磁・䞉圩」根接矎術通 , 1988 幎, no. 54.

「越州窯の青磁展Ⅱ唐から北宋ぞ―」倧阪垂立東掋陶磁矎術通 , 1994 幎, no. 38.

所茉 『Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society』1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953 幎, 図版 7-d.

『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40)』1958 幎, 図版 139.

『Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society』1971-1973, Vol. 39, 1974 幎, 図版 6-b.

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties D. 18.2 cm H. 7.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr. EXHIBITED Tang

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 259) Collection.

Pottery and Porcelain, Nezu Institute of Fine Arts, Tokyo, 1988, no. 54.

Celadon of Yue Ware, Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka, 1994, no. 38. LITERATURE Transaction

of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953, pl. 7-d.

Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 139.

Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1971-1973, Vol. 39, 1974, pl. 6-b.

146


147


104. 青磁花文碗 岳州窯 五代十囜䞖玀 埄 12.8 cm 高 5.6 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 No. 271旧蔵 .

1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society』1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953 幎, 図版-c.

『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4Serial No. 40』1958 幎, 図版 155.

CELADON BOWL WITH FLOWER DESIGN Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties D. 12.8 cm H. 5.6 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 271) Collection.

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

LITERATURE Transaction

of The Oriental Ceramic Society, 1950-1951, Vol. 26, 1953, pl. -c.

Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 155.

148


149


105. 青磁茪花文字文皿 岳州窯 五代十囜䞖玀 埄 12.1 cm 高 4.0 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 No. 245旧蔵 .

1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. Ⅹ Nos. 3-4 (Serial

No.40) 』1958 幎, 図版 190.

CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties D. 12.1 cm H. 4.0 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Collection.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 245)

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

LITERATURE Far

Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4

(Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 190.

150


106. 青磁皜花皿 岳州窯 五代十囜䞖玀 埄 16.2 cm 高 3.9 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl

Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 55.

CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties D. 16.2 cm H. 3.9 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics

in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 55.

151


152


107. 青磁茪花碗

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM

晩唐䞖玀 埄 17.0 cm 高 6.1 cm

Late Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 6.1 cm

来歎 Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

PROVENANCE Bluett

153

& Sons Ltd., London.


108. 青磁茪花碗 晩唐䞖玀 埄 13.7 cm 高 6.3 cm

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM

Late Tang D. 13.7 cm H. 6.3 cm

154


109. 青磁茪花鉢 晩唐䞖玀 埄 17.8 cm 高 7.7 cm

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM

Late Tang D. 17.8 cm H. 7.7 cm

155


110. 青磁広口壺 晩唐〜五代十囜䞖玀〜䞖玀 埄 18.0 cm 高 8.8 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 54.

CELADON JAR WITH WIDE RIM

Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 18.0 cm H. 8.8 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 54.

156


111. 青磁雲文氎泚 長沙窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 14.5 cm 高 19.0 cm

CELADON JAR DECORATED WITH CLOUD DESIGN Changsha Ware

Late Tang D. 14.5 cm H. 19.0 cm

157


112. 青釉盒子 長沙窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 5.3 cm 高 3.6 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 no. 324旧蔵 .

GREEN GLAZED BOX AND COVER Changsha Ware Late Tang D. 5.3 cm H. 3.6 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

158

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (no. 324) Collection.


113. 青磁氎泚 長沙窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 13.5 cm 高 10.5 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 No. 85旧蔵 .

1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Transaction of The Oriental Ceramic Society』

1950-1951 Vol. 26, 1953 幎, 図版 6-f.

『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40) 』1958 幎, 図版 59.

CELADON EWER Changsha Ware

Late Tang D. 13.5 cm H. 10.5 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Collection.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 85)

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

LITERATURE Transaction

of The Oriental Ceramic

Society, 1950-1951 Vol. 26, 1953, pl. 6-f.

Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 59.

114. 青磁匊文盒子 岳州窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 6.9 cm 高 4.8 cm

CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (岳州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 6.9 cm H. 4.8 cm

115. 青磁把手付碗 長沙窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 12.5 cm 高 4.7 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎 No. 137旧蔵 .

1961 幎, Bluett & Sons Ltd., ロンドン .

Roger Pilkington1928 〜 69 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4

(Serial No. 40)』1958 幎, 図版 8.

CELADON DISH WITH HANDLE

Changsha Ware

Late Tang D. 12.5 cm H. 4.7 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Collection.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) (No. 137)

Bluett & Sons Ltd., London, 1961.

Roger Pilkington (1928-69) Collection.

LITERATURE Far

Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X

Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 8.

159


116. 青磁鉄斑文壺

CELADON JAR WITH IRON SPOTS

䞭唐〜晩唐〜䞖玀 胎埄 17.0 cm 高 25.5 cm

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 17.0 cm H. 25.5 cm

160


117. 青磁壺 晩唐䞖玀 胎埄 7.4 cm 高 6.8 cm 来歎 Dr. Ip Yee 旧蔵 .

Peter and Nancy Thompson 旧蔵 .

出展 「University of Hull Art Collection, From the

Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa

618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson」1996 幎.

CELADON JAR

Late Tang D. 7.4 cm H. 6.8 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Ip Yee Collection.

Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.

LITERATURE University

of Hull Art Collection,

From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.

118. 青磁瓶 晩唐䞖玀 胎埄 6.4 cm 高 8.9 cm

CELADON BOTTLE

Late Tang D. 6.4 cm H. 8.9 cm

119. 青磁双耳壺 晩唐䞖玀 埄 9.5 cm 高 10.0 cm 来歎 䌝 Warren E. Cox 旧蔵 , ニュヌペヌク .

CELADON PORCELAIN JAR WITH TWO LUGS

Late Tang D. 9.5 cm H. 10.0 cm PROVENANCE Warren

York (by repute).

E. Cox Collection, New

161


162


120. 青磁碗 越州窯

CELADON BOWL Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

䞭唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 14.8 cm 高 4.1 cm

Mid Tang D. 14.8 cm H. 4.1 cm

来歎 富士矎術通旧蔵 .

PROVENANCE Fuji

163

Museum Collection, Shizuoka.


121. 青磁碗 越州窯 䞭唐〜晩唐䞖玀末〜䞖玀前半 埄 14.6 cm 高 4.3 cm

CELADON BOWL Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Mid Tang - Late Tang D. 14.6 cm H. 4.3 cm

164


122. 青磁茪花碗 越州窯 䞭唐䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀初 埄 15.6 cm 高 4.1 cm 出展 「䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術」倧阪垂立矎術通 ,

1976 幎, no. 1-131.

所茉 『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 隋唐篇』河出曞房 , 1956 幎,

図 42 例 . 『䞖界陶磁党集 第巻 〈隋唐篇〉』河出曞房新

瀟 , 1961 幎, 図 42 例 . 䜐藀雅圊『䞭囜陶磁史』1978 幎, 図 131. 倧阪垂立矎術通線『隋唐の矎術』1978 幎, 挿図 38, p. 180.

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Mid Tang D. 15.6 cm H. 4.1 cm EXHIBITED Chūgoku

Bijutsu Ten series 3: Zui Tō No

Bijutsu, Osaka, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, 1976, no. 1-131.

LITERATURE Zui

Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Sekai

Tōji Zenshu, Kawade Shobo, 1956, pl. 42. Zui Tō Hen, Vol. 9 from the series, Collection of World's Ceramics,

Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1961, pl. 42. Masahiko Sato, Chūgoku Tōjishi, 1978, pl. 131. Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Zui Tō No Bijutsu, 1978, fig. 38, p. 180.

165


123. 青磁蓮葉文皿 越州窯 晩唐䞖玀䞭葉 埄 14.5 cm 高 3.7 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 36.

CELADON DISH WITH LOTUS DESIGN Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 14.5 cm H. 3.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 36.

166


167


124. 青磁茪花皿 越州窯 晩唐〜五代十囜䞖玀埌半〜䞖玀䞭葉 埄 14.3 cm 高 4.0 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎旧蔵 .

Ray Thompson 旧蔵 .

所茉 『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4Serial No. 40』1958 幎, 図版 177.

CELADON DISH WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang - Five Dynasties D. 14.3 cm H. 4.0 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) Collection.

Ray Thompson Collection.

LITERATURE Far

Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 177.

168


169


125. 青磁茪花鉢 越州窯系 五代十囜䞖玀前半 埄 21.6 cm 高 9.0 cm

CELADON BOWL WITH FOLIATE RIM Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware Type

Five Dynasties D. 21.6 cm H. 9.0 cm

170


171


126. 青磁鉄斑文双耳壺 越州窯系 晩唐䞖玀 埄 14.7 cm 高 12.9 cm 来歎 Dr. Ip Yee 旧蔵 . Peter and Nancy Thompson 旧蔵 .

出展 「University of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from

The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson」1996 幎.

CELADON JAR WITH TWO LUGS AND IRON SPOTS Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware Type

Late Tang D. 14.7 cm H. 12.9 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Ip Yee Collection. Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.

EXHIBITED University

of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD

from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.

172


127. 青磁鉄斑文壺 越州窯系 晩唐䞖玀 埄 8.7 cm 高 5.1 cm 来歎 杉村勇造1900 〜 1978 幎箱曞 , 1951 幎.

CELADON JAR WITH IRON SPOTS Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware Type

Late Tang D. 8.7 cm H. 5.1 cm PROVENANCE Box

inscription by Yuzo Sugimura (1900-1978), 1951.

173


128. 青磁四足壺 越州窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 9.1 cm 高 4.7 cm 来歎 Dr. Ip Yee 旧蔵 . Peter and Nancy Thompson 旧蔵 .

出展 「University of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD from

The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson」1996 幎.

CELADON JAR WITH FOUR FEET Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 9.1 cm H. 4.7 cm PROVENANCE Dr.

Ip Yee Collection. Peter and Nancy Thompson Collection.

EXHIBITIED University

of Hull Art Collection, From the Tang to the Qing Chinese Ceramics from circa 618-1850 AD

from The Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Peter Thompson, 1996.

174


129. 青磁四足壺 越州窯 晩唐9 䞖玀 埄 4.3 cm 高 3.0 cm

CELADON JAR WITH FOUR FEET Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 4.3 cm H. 3.0 cm

130. 青磁鳥圢笛 越州窯 晩唐䞖玀 埄 4.5 cm 高 3.8 cm 来歎 Joan Barrow〜 1987 幎旧蔵 .

CELADON BIRD PIPE Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 4.5 cm H. 3.8 cm PROVENANCE Joan

Barrow (d. 1987) Collection.

131. 青磁盒子 越州窯 晩唐9 䞖玀 埄 6.8 cm 高 4.2 cm

CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Late Tang D. 6.8 cm H. 4.2 cm

175


132. 青磁匊文盒子 越州窯 五代十囜䞖玀前半 埄 10.1 cm 高 3.4 cm 来歎 Dr. Isaac Newton〜 1982 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 『Far Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4Serial No. 40』1958 幎, 図版 177.

CELADON BOX AND COVER Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties D. 10.1 cm H. 3.4 cm PROVENANCE Dr. LITERATURE Far

Isaac Newton (d. 1982) Collection.

Eastern Ceramic Bulletin Vol. X Nos. 3-4 (Serial No. 40), 1958, pl. 177.

176


133. 青磁蓮圢盒子 越州窯 五代十囜〜北宋䞖玀䞭葉〜埌半 埄 7.9 cm 高 5.7 cm 来歎 Carl Kempe1884 〜 1967 幎旧蔵 .

所茉 Bo GyllensvÀrd『Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection』1964 幎, 図版 61.

『Chinese Ceramic Treasures. A Selection from the Ulricehamn East Asian Museum, Including the Carl Kempe Collection』2002 幎, 図版 282.

CELADON BOX AND COVER WITH LOTUS DESIGN Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware

Five Dynasties - Northern Song D. 7.9 cm H. 5.7 cm PROVENANCE Carl LITERATURE Bo

Kempe (1884-1967) Collection.

GyllensvÀrd, Chinese Ceramics in the Carl Kempe Collection, 1964, pl. 61.

Chinese Ceramic Treasures. A Selection from the Ulricehamn East Asian Museum Including the Carl Kempe Collection, 2002, pl. 282.

177


134. 青磁蓮匁文盒子 越州窯系 五代十囜〜北宋䞖玀䞭葉〜埌半 胎埄 10.6 cm 高 10.4 cm 来歎

出光矎術通旧蔵 . 出展

「䞭囜矎術展シリヌズ隋唐の矎術」倧阪垂立矎術通 , 1976 幎, no. 1-277.

CELADON BOX AND LID WITH CARVED LOTUS PETALS Yuezhou (越州 ) Ware Type

Five Dynasties - Northern Song D. 10.6 cm H. 10.4 cm PROVENANCE

Idemitsu Museum of Arts Collection. EXHIBITED

Chūgoku Bijutsu Ten series 3: Zui Tō No Bijutsu, Osaka Municipal Art Museum, Osaka, 1976, no. 1-277.

178


179



わが囜における唐代陶磁噚の蒐集ず評䟡 川島 公之

唐は、 西暊 618 幎から 907 幎の長期に及ぶ巚倧な囜家を圢成した王朝で、 「倧 唐垝囜」ず呌ぶに盞応しい倧囜であったこずは蚀うたでもない。300 幎近い政 暩は、始皇垝以埌の䞭囜史のなかでは最も長く、そのため唐時代は、初唐・盛 唐・䞭唐・晩唐の 4 期に分けお芋られおいる。 わが囜ず唐時代のやきものずの関係はたいぞん長く、その蒐集は圓時からす でに始たっおいお、その埌長いむンタヌバルを経お、20 䞖玀に入り隆盛し珟 圚に至っおいる。 唐時代に唐朝より盎に将来されたものでは、䞉圩が挙げられる。䌝䞖品は 遺されおいないが、わが囜の 20 近い遺跡からその陶片が出土しおいる。有名 な出土䟋ずしおは、䞉重県の瞄生廃寺出土の碗がある。ガラス補の舎利甚噚を 玍めた滑石補の倖容噚の䞊に䌏せられた状態で、この寺の塔心瀎から発芋され た。 挿図 1この遺跡は 7 䞖玀埌半代ず考えられるこずから、比范的早い時 期にもたらされたものであるこずも貎重芖されおいる。たた、犏岡県沖ノ島か ら出土した長頞瓶の郚分ず芋られる陶片も、埓来からよく知られた䞀䟋である。 挿図 2そしお、興味深いのが奈良県奈良垂の倧安寺の講堂跡で発芋された

200 片にも及ぶ陶片矀である。挿図 3なぜならこれらが、30 個䜓分以䞊の 陶枕に限られおいるからである。そのなかには、図版 85p. 122にあるよう な絞胎の䜜品も芋られる。倧安寺は唐朝ずの関係が深く、唐からの留孊僧も倚

挿図1 䞉圩碗 唐 䞉重県䞉重郡朝日町瞄生廃寺出土 埄 11.0 cm 文化庁 蔵 重芁文化財 「平凡瀟版 䞭囜の陶磁12『日本出土の䞭囜陶 磁』1995幎」より転茉

くいたこずを考慮するず、この枕に限っおの受容は、これが写経甚の腕枕であっ た可胜性を瀺唆するものである。 このような事䟋から䞉圩は、遣唐䜿を通じおもたらされたず考えられおいる。 遣唐䜿は、十数回実行されたず蚘録されおいるが、8 䞖玀初頭から䞭頃の盛唐 期には、芏暡も倧きく盛んに行われた。こうした時期に、留孊生や僧䟶らによっ おもたらされ、前述のような寺院や貎族局などに受容されたのであろう。䞉圩 は、唐の貎族文化ず奈良朝ずの囜家的な結び぀きを瀺すもので、貿易的性栌は 皆無であるこずから、その広がりも限られた局のみに享受された䟡倀あるもの ずいう芋方ができる。

181

挿図2 䞉圩長圢瓶砎片 唐 犏岡県宗像郡倧島村沖ノ島出土 宗像倧瀟 蔵 囜宝


760 幎頃に著された陞矜の『茶経』が物語るように、8 䞖玀埌半になるず喫 茶の普及により、茶碗を䞭心ずした陶磁噚の生産が飛躍的に増倧した。先ずは、 囜内の受容局向けの生産が広がるず、たもなく海倖ぞ向けおの生産が盛んずな る。貿易システムが安定しお来る 8 䞖玀の末葉頃には、わが囜に向けお倚くの 陶磁噚がもたらされた。その代衚が越州窯青磁である。『茶経』の䞭でも「越 州が䞊品」ずあるように、越州窯産の碗が茶を喫するのに最もよいず謳っおい る。それを指した䜜品が、図版 120, 121pp. 162  164にあるような、いわ ゆる蛇の目高台をした平たい碗である。わが囜では、奈良垂平城京跡などから 倚数出土しおいる。この手の碗は貿易陶磁の䞻流であったようで、わが囜のや きものにも倚倧な圱響を及がしおおり、䟋えば猿投には、蛇の目高台を芋事に う぀した䜜䟋が芋受けられる。 越州窯は、浙江省の䞀垯に倧芏暡な窯系を圢成しおおり、その地の利を掻か しお盛んな貿易が行われた。この時期の䞊質な䜜品は、圓然わが囜で珍重され たこずは想像に難くない。京郜の仁和寺の円堂跡から出土した合子挿図 4 挿図3 䞉圩枕陶片 唐 奈良垂倧安寺町倧安寺出土 奈良囜立文化財研究所

や奈良平城京跡から出土した唟壺挿図 5は、その貎重な䟋である。 そしお、この時期同圢の碗ずしお人気を博したものが、図版 94, 95pp. 134,

135にあるような癜磁である。唐時代の文人たちに「銀に䌌る」「雪の劂し」 ず称賛され高い評䟡を埗たもので、邢州窯や定窯などで盛んに生産された。わ が囜では、奈良薬垫寺から出土したものが知られる。挿図 6 たた、図版 111p. 157にあるような長沙窯など、貿易陶磁の代衚栌であっ た湖南省系のやきものも同時代に盛んに将来されたようである。挿図 7

挿図4 青磁合子 越州窯 唐 京郜垂右京区仁和寺円堂跡出土 埄 17.4 cm 仁和寺 蔵 重芁文化財 「平凡瀟版 䞭囜の陶磁12『日本出土の䞭囜陶 磁』1995幎」より転茉

挿図5 青磁唟壷 越州窯 唐 奈良垂平城京跡出土 高 8.8 cm 奈良囜立文化財研究所 蔵

182

挿図6 癜磁碗 唐 奈良垂薬垫寺西僧坊跡出土 埄 14.9 cm 「平凡瀟版 䞭囜の陶磁12『日本出土の䞭囜陶 磁』1995幎」より転茉


わが囜における唐時代の陶磁噚の蒐集は、遣唐䜿により将来された䞉圩を始 めに、䞭唐から晩唐には、貿易を背景に、越州窯青磁や邢州窯系の癜磁、そし お長沙窯など湖南系青磁が芋受けられ、そのなかで䞊質のものは平安貎族たち かんが

の間で舶来の高玚磁噚ずしおもおはやされた。したがっお、受容者も、官衙や 寺院、あるいは貿易品の流通に関わる人々に限定され、それ以䞊の広がりは持 たなかったず考えられる。

その埌、時を経お 20 䞖玀の初頭、唐時代のやきものが倧きな泚目を济びる こずになる。この背景にある事象が、近代に入り行われるようになった鉄道敷 蚭工事である。この工事区域に圓たったずころの歎代王䟯貎族たちの墳墓から、

挿図7 黄釉耐圩貌花文氎泚 長沙窯 唐 石川県小束垂浄氎寺跡出土 高 20.0 cm 石川県立埋蔵文化財センタヌ 蔵

叀代の数倚くの遺物が珟れたこずにより、䞭囜矎術垂堎はいっそう拡倧し、䞖 界で優れたコレクションが次々に圢成されおいった。 鉄道敷蚭工事のなかでも矎術品垂堎に倚倧な圱響を及がしたずされるのが、 べんらく

河南省開封から掛陜にいたる 183 キロに及ぶ汎掛鉄道で、これは 1905 幎明 æ²» 38に着工し 1909 幎明治 42に竣工しおいる。この区域には、挢から唐 時代の墳墓が集䞭する北邙山ず呌ばれる東西に暪たわる山脈があり、汎掛鉄道 はその南麓を暪切ったため叀墓が砎壊され、そこから倚数の明噚が出土したず 云われおいる。 こうした出土陶噚矀のなかでも花圢的存圚であったのが、唐時代の䞉圩で あった。倧囜唐の王䟯貎族たちの墳墓から続々ず珟れる華麗な陶噚に、欧米の 収蔵家たちは魅了され、その蒐集を䞀局拡匵させおいき、それはわが囜にも波 及し鑑賞陶噚蒐集の䞻軞ずなっおいった。初期の蒐集ずしお知られおいるのが、 垝宀博物通珟東京囜立博物通が明治 42 幎1909に賌入した唐䞉圩壺で あるが、本展図版 68p. 108も初期出土品の䞀矀ず考えられるものである。 そしお、倧正時代埌半から、唐䞉圩の第䞀玚の䜜品が将来されるようになるず 、わが囜の蒐集はより高い段階ぞず抌し䞊げられおいった。これを象 挿図 8 城するのが、高さ 70㎝を超える倧圢の銬の登堎である。わが囜では倧正 10 幎 頃に矎術商繭山束倪郎によっお将来され、実業家枅田藀䞉が所有した銬二䜓挿 図 9が、わが囜初の倧圢䞉圩銬の将来品ずしお䌝えられおいるが、その埌、 矎術商廣田䞍孀斎らによっお盛んに将来され、名蒐集家のもずに玍たっおいっ た。この倧圢の銬に蚀及した最初の曞物が、ベルトルト・ラりファヌBerthold

Lauferにより 1914 幎に出版された『䞭囜の土偶Chinese Clay Figures』で ある。 挿図 10この癜銬は、高さ 80㎝に及ぶもので、1910 幎明治 43の 春に河南府の北郚の郜垂でバラバラの状態で発芋されたずあり、写真より壊れ

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挿図8 䞉圩貌花文韍耳瓶 唐 高47.4cm 東京囜立博物通 蔵 重芁文化財 ©TNM Image Archives


挿図9 䞉圩銬 唐 各高 69.0 cm 京郜囜立博物通 蔵 重芁矎術品

挿図10 䞉圩銬 唐 高 80.0 cm 「ベルトルド・ラりファヌ著『䞭囜の土偶』フィヌル ド自然史博物通出版 1914幎」より転茉

た脚郚の䞭には金属の心棒が入っおいるこずがわかる。ラりファヌは著曞の䞭 で、その飛び抜けた倧きさず完璧な釉䜿いには特筆すべきものがあるず述べお いる。1910 幎に入り、このような高さ 70㎝を超える倧圢の䞉圩銬が垂堎に登 堎し、その嚁厳をそなえた出来栄えに圓時の蒐集家たちは驚嘆し、蒐集のなか で唐䞉圩は䞀目眮かれる存圚ずなった。図版 47pp. 77, 79も、こうした倧 圢の䞉圩銬を代衚する䜜品で、おそらく同様に倧正から昭和初期に将来された ものであろう。本䜜は、昭和 36 幎1961に出版された『䞖界陶磁党集 隋 唐線』河出曞房に所茉されおおり、その圓時銖盞の任にあった池田勇人所 蔵品であったず䌝えられる。 この銬ずずもに、本展に出品される䞉圩のなかで泚目に倀する䜜品が図版 48 p. 81である。これは、寞法が小ぶりであるこずなどを含め、兞型的な鳳銖 瓶ずは異なる造圢を成しおおり、類品は MOA 矎術通ず倧英博物通に知られ るのみで、甚だ皀少䟡倀が高い。䜜行も、型の抜けの良さや釉調の冎えなど懇 切䞁寧な仕䞊がりを瀺しおおり、その数も含め圓時より限られた特別の存圚で あったこずが窺える。 前述のように、わが囜の唐䞉圩蒐集は、厳密に云うず遣唐䜿の将来品に遡る わけであるが、䌝䞖品が遺されおいないこずから、長らくはその存圚が知られ おいなかった。20 䞖玀に入り、出土品の登堎により、初めお䞖の人の知るず ころずなるが、それは瞬く間に蒐集の䞻圹ずなった。これを物語るのが、昭和

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3 幎に開催された、わが囜初の鑑賞陶噚の展芧䌚『唐 䞉圩陶展』である。 挿図 11図録によるず、珟圚 わが囜の䞉圩を代衚する名品たちが、すでにこの時 期に将来されおいるこずがわかる。これ以降、戊前 期から戊埌、そしお珟圚に至るたで、わが囜では唐 代陶磁噚の代衚ずしお高い人気を維持しおいるので ある。 唐代明噚ずしお、䞉圩ずずもに䞻流であったのが 加圩陶噚であった。これは䞉圩より早くに生産され おおり、䞻に陶俑などに芋られる。本展には、鉛釉 ず加圩を組み合わせた珍しい䜜品がある。図版 29 p. 53は、内倖郚に透明の鉛釉が掛けられ、倖面 は釉䞊に、赀、黒、癜、青、緑の顔料で加圩が斜さ れおいる。倖面の加圩に描かれた四぀の円窓のなか に描かれたアカンサス文ず肩郚の雲圢の食りの意匠 は他に䟋を芋ない。西域的衚珟が感じられ、たさに

挿図11 第䞀回本研究所展芧䌚斌華族䌚通「『陶磁 第1巻第4号』東掋陶磁研究所発 行 1928(昭和3)幎」より転茉

唐代ならではのシルクロヌドの文化が匂い立぀䜜品 である。内面の釉に察し倖面の釉は薄く、赀を䞻に 癜などの色で芆い尜くされおいるなか、ずころどこ ろ芋受けられる釉の箇所は、さながら倧理石のよ うな茝きを芋せおいる。これは、おそらく図版 30 p. 52に加圩を斜したものず思われる。䞀般の黄 釉加圩ずは異なる䜜䟋ず云うべきで、異囜趣味を取 り入れお花開かせた唐代矎術の䞀面を芋事にあらわ した貎重な䜜䟋ず云えるだろう。

初唐から盛唐の癜磁は、限られた貎族階玚の䜿甚する高玚な噚であったこず から、遣唐䜿を通じお同時代に将来されなかったず考えられる。これらは 20 䞖玀初頭の発掘が゚スカレヌトするこずで、唐代貎族の消費遺跡などから倚数 出土し垂堎ぞ流れた。蒐集の早い䟋では、明治 41 幎1908に垝宀博物通が、 唐癜磁 6 点を賌入したずある。蚘録によりこれは、図版 26, 27pp. 48, 49ず 同様の盀口壺であるこずがわかるこずから、出土陶噚が䞖に出珟した初期的段 階で、初唐から盛唐にかけおの癜磁が垂堎に流入しおいたこずがわかる。こう した䜜品矀は、金属噚をう぀したシャヌプな噚圢が愛奜家たちの趣味を喚起し、

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その人気は珟圚たで続いおいる。たたそれら䜜品の魅力は、倚々小品にあらわ れるが、本展では図版 16pp. 35, 37に泚目したい。かなり倧ぶりな䜜行ず ずもに、韍耳瓶の元祖ずも云うべきプリミティブでリアルな造圢は、西方の芁 玠を色濃くあらわしおいる。類品が出光矎術通にあるが、垌少䞔぀高い芞術性 から鑑みおも重芁芖すべき䜜䟋であろう。たた、図版 1p. 13も、特異な䟋 ずしお芋逃せない。唐癜磁ぞず繋がる過枡期的な隋時代の䜜品であり、類䟋ず しお浮かぶのが李静蚓墓出土品であるが、胎郚の締たり具合などから、秀逞の 出来栄えを瀺した䜜品ず云えよう。そしお、図版 17p. 39は、ペルシャの ガラス噚や金属噚を範ずした匁口圢氎泚であるが、その造圢は実に巧みである。 類品は五島矎術通など幟぀か知られおいるが、胎郚の凹凞感など皮袋を暡した かのようなリアルな衚珟をしおいる点で他を圧しおいる。把手の造圢は異なる が、同様の胎郚を成した類䟋が、パリのチェルヌスキ矎術通に収蔵されおいる。 本展では、その時代性から陶俑もいく぀か出品されおいる。そのなかで泚目 すべきは図版 8p. 23である。癜磁俑はその姿圢から隋に制䜜されたず思わ れるが、数は極めお少ない。類品がパリのギメ矎術通及び䞊海博物通などに芋 られるが、本䜜もその䞀矀ず考えおよいだろう。

䞭唐から晩唐のやきものも、20 䞖玀に入っお掻発化した発掘によっお数倚く の䜜品が珟れた。青磁では越州窯が䞻流であり、前述した蛇の目高台の平碗や、 図版 124p. 169に芋られる茪花碗なども倚く芋られる。癜磁は様々あるが、 本展で泚目したいのは図版 87p. 126である。おおよそ䞭唐から晩唐に぀く られたものだが、盛唐期の気分を濃厚に䌝えおおり、倧ぶりの堂々ずした造圢 ず、䞊蓋面に毛圫りで葉文が斜されおいる点においお、類の芋ない䜜䟋ずしお 興味深い。 その他挙げられるのが、図版 101  106pp. 142  151の湖南青磁の䞀 矀である。これは、わが囜はもちろん䞖界的にも認識が䜎かった分野である が、これらに着目し蒐集及び研究をした英囜のアむザック・ニュヌトンIsaac

Newtonによるず、1946 幎にこれらの䞀矀が垂堎に出始め、その埌コレクショ ンが圢成されおいったずある。このニュヌトン・コレクションは、1950 幎代に 英囜東掋陶磁孊䌚䞻催の展芧䌚や孊䌚誌Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic

Society誌などに掲茉され、圓時の著名なコレクションずしお泚目された。そ の埌散逞したが、本展ではそれらがたずたっお出品されおいる。

唐時代の矎術䜜品は、陶磁噚はもちろんのこず、金銀噚に代衚される金石や

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仏教圫刻の類にも芞術性に優れた䜜品が倚数遺されおいるこずは呚知の事実で ある。本図録では、陶磁噚以倖の分野ずしお図版 44, 45pp. 71, 73を玹介し おいる。これらは 20 䞖玀に入り、各囜の探怜隊などの調査時に流出したもの も倚く、これにより䞖界での蒐集も盛んずなった。石圫はその代衚的ゞャンル で、北魏以降継承される仏教圫刻の重芁な䜍眮づけを成すものずしお、珟圚で も広く愛奜されおいる。

参考文献

1.

長 è°· 郚 楜 爟・ 今 井 敊「 äž­ 囜 の 陶 磁『 日 本 出 土 の äž­ 囜 陶 磁 』」 å¹³ 凡 瀟 ,

1995 幎 .

2.

原文次郎「唐䞉圩の銬」『陶磁』第 3 巻第 3 号 , 東掋陶磁研究所 , 1931 幎 .

3.

冚田昇「倧正期を䞭心ずする先駆的䞭囜鑑賞陶磁噚コレクションの圢成ず

特質近代䞭囜鑑賞矎術成立の芖座から」『陶説』555  562 号 , 日本陶

磁協䌚 , 1999  2000 幎 .

4.

Isaac Newton 「 A Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Province 」 『Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society』1952 幎 1 月 10 日 .

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The Collection and Evaluation of Tang Ceramics in Japan Tadashi Kawashima

The Tang dynasty built a massive empire on the Chinese continent that reigned from 618 to 907, the scale and power of which is symbolized by the frequent reference to the great Tang empire. Its close to three centuries of rule was the longest in Chinese history since that of Qin Shi Huang, and as a result this lengthy period is often divided into four sub periods, namely the Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and Late Tang. The connection between Japan and Tang ceramics is also extremely long, with such collection contemporaneous with Tang rule. After a long interval of inactivity, such collecting reached its zenith in the 20th century and today. Three-color ware known as sancai in Chinese was brought to Japan directly from China during the Tang dynasty. While no extant examples of that transmission remain, shards of these works have been excavated at close to 20 sites in Japan. A famous example of such excavated items is a bowl found in the ruins Fig. 1 Sancai Bowl. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of Nao-ji, Mie. Dia. 11.0 cm. Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japan. Important Cultural Property. Photo: “Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Japan”, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.

of Nao-ji in Mie prefecture. This bowl was used upside down as the lid for a talc external container for a glass reliquary, and was discovered buried at the foundation stone of the templeÊŒs pagoda. (fig. 1) Given that this site is thought to date from the second half of the 7th century, this bowl today is prized as an object that was brought to Japan at a relatively early date. Another group of shards, thought to be part of a long-necked jar excavated at Okinoshima, Fukuoka prefecture, has long been a well-known example. (fig. 2). Then of particular interest is a group of almost 200 shards that were discovered in the ruins of the Daian-ji, Nara city, Nara prefecture. (fig. 3). The fascination of these shards lies in the fact that they are solely fragments of more than 30 ceramic pillows. Some of these shards from marbleized ceramics can be seen in pl. 85 (p. 122). At the time Daian-ji was closely linked to the Tang. Given that there were many priests who visited from

Fig. 2 Fragments of a Sancai Vase. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from Okinoshima, Fukuoka. Munakata Taisha. National Treasure.

the Tang, the fact that only pillows were brought into this setting suggests that these pillows were used as armrests while transcribing sutras. It was probably the Japanese envoys to the Tang court (kentōshi) who

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brought sancai wares to Japan. Records indicate more than a dozen envoy entourages traveled to the Tang court, with a particuarly large number and scale of entourages sent from the beginning to the middle of the 8th century, during the High Tang. Both Japanese and Chinese exchange students and priests during this period would have also brought items to Japan, and they would have been used, as noted above, by the temples and aristocratic class of the day. Thus sancai ware can be seen as a link between Tang aristocratic culture and that of the Nara court. We can also opine that since it played absolutely no role in the usual trade of the day, sancai ware was a valuable item only received within a limited segment of society.

As demonstrated by Lu Yu’s Classic of Tea written around 760, the drinking of tea spread in China during the latter half of the 8th century, and this led to a rapid increase in ceramic production, focusing on tea bowls. First there was the spread of production aimed at domestic consumption, but then almost immediately production meant for overseas consumption flourished. Amidst the late 8th century stabilization of ChinaÊŒs trading systems, large numbers of ceramics

Fig. 3 Fragments of Sancai Pillows. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from Daian-ji, Nara. Nara National Research Institute of Cultural Properties.

were brought to Japan from China. Yue celadons were the representative form of these imported wares. The Classic of Tea states that Yue wares are superior, and it was said that Yue ware cups were the best for drinking tea. Such praise refers to the flat tea bowls with a janome foot, (snake eye foot in Japanese), such as pls. 120, 121 (pp. 162-164). Large numbers of shards from such bowls have been excavated

at various Japanese sites, including the ruins of the Heijōkyō Palace in Nara. It seems that this type of bowl was a principal trade item, and it greatly influenced ceramics in Japan. Examples of such influence can be seen in Sanage ware with its splendid imitation of the janome foot style. Yue ware was produced at large-scale kilns across a stretch of present-day Zhejiang and its flourishing trade utilized that regionʌs advantageous location. It is not hard to imagine that the high quality works of this period have been prized in Japan. The box and cover (fig. 4) excavated from the ruins of the octagonal hall of Ninna-ji, Kyoto, and the celadon spittoon (fig. 5) excavated from the Heijōkyō Palace site, are important examples of such. White porcelain bowls of a similar shape from this period, such as pls. 94, 95 (pp. 134, 135), were also popular. The examples highly praised by the Tang

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Fig. 4 Celadon Box and Cover, Yue Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the Octagonal Hall ruins, Ninna-ji, Kyoto. D.17.4cm. Ninnaji. Important Cultural Property. Photo: “Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Japan”, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.


literati as “resembling silver” or “ just like snow” were successfully produced at both the Xingzhou and Ding kilns. The bowl (fig. 6), excavated at Yakushi-ji, Nara, is one of the examples known in Japan. Changsha ware, as seen in pl. 111 (p. 157), can be seen as another form of trade ceramic that flourished during the same period as the Hunan province Fig. 5 Celadon Spittoon, Yue Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of Heijōkyo Palace, Nara. H.8.8 cm. Nara National Research Institute of Cultural Properties.

wares (fig. 7). The collecting of Tang ceramics in Japan began with the sancai wares brought by the kentōshi envoys. Later Yue celadons, Xingzhou type white porcelains and Hunan type celadons such as Changsha ware appeared through trade during the Mid to Late Tang dynasty. During this period the Heian aristocrats prized the fine quality examples of this trade as high-grade imported ceramics. Thus, this collecting was limited to those involved in the reception of these imported items, such as the officials, temples, and those involved in trade goods, and there was no further expansion of such collecting.

Fig. 6 White Porcelain Bowl. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of the West Priest’s Domitory, Yakushi-ji, Nara. D. 14.9 cm. Yakushi-ji. Photo: “Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Japan”, Chinese Ceramics Series in Twelve Volumes, Heibonsha, 1995.

Then centuries passed and Tang ceramics were once again in the spotlight around the beginning of the 20th century. It was the modern eraÊŒs railroad construction that led to such notice. Generations of royal and imperial tombs were located in the areas where this construction was occurring, and the work led to the discovery of massive numbers of ancient items in these tombs. These wares entered the Chinese art marketplace and gradually became the basis for superb collections worldwide. Amongst this railway construction activity, it was the 183 kilometer stretch of the Bianluo railway that ran from Kaifeng to Luoyang in Henan that had the greatest influence on the art market. Work on this section began in 1905 and was completed in 1909. A stretch of hills that runs east to west known as the Beimang Mountains was the site of a cluster of Han to Tang dynasty tombs, and

Fig. 7 Yellow Glazed Ewer with Applied Ornaments in Underglaze Brown, Changsha Ware. Tang Dynasty. Excavated from the ruins of Jōsuiji, Ishikawa. H. 20.0 cm. Ishikawa Prefecture Archaeological Research Institute.

the Bianluo railway cut across the southern edge of this area, destroying a number of ancient tombs in the process. It is said that large numbers of grave goods were excavated from those tombs. Tang sancai works were the stars among this group of excavated ceramics. European and American collectors were fascinated by the succession of splendid ceramics that came out of these Tang royal and aristocratic tombs, and this led to an expansion of such collecting, spreading to Japan where they became

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the main kanshō-toki ware, literally ceramics for visual appreciation not use. An early example of such collecting in Japan can be seen in the sancai jar purchased in 1909 by the Imperial Museum (present-day Tokyo National Museum) and the work displayed here (pl. 68, p. 108) is also thought to be one of the works excavated during this early period. Then by the late Taishō era, early 1920s, top-grade Tang sancai works were being brought to Japan (fig. 8), and this pushed collecting in Japan to a higher level. Symbolic of such change is the appearance of largescale sancai horses measuring more than 70 cm in height. This work was brought to Japan by the art dealer Mayuyama Matsutarō around 1923, and the two horses (fig. 9) owned by the industrialist Kiyota Tōzō are said to be the first large sancai horses brought to Japan. Later art dealers such as Hirota Fukkosai and others brought in considerable numbers of such works and they ended up in famous collections. Berthold Lauferʌs 1914 publication Chinese Clay Figures was the first book to discuss such large horses. (fig. 10) The white horse in the plates, around

Fig. 8 Sancai Vase with Dragon-shaped Handles. Tang Dynasty. H. 47.4 cm. Tokyo National Museum. Important Cultural Property. ©TNM Image Archives

80 cm tall, was discovered in a broken state in a northern city of Henan province

in 1910, and photographs indicate that metal supports were put into the shattered legs. Laufer made special note in his book about this horseÊŒs overwhelming size and the perfection of its glazing technique. After 1910 this type of large (over 70

Fig. 9 A Pair of Sancai Horses. Tang Dynasty. Each H. 69.0 cm. Kyoto National Museum. Important Works of Art.

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Fig. 10 Sancai Horse. Tang Dynasty. H. 80.0 cm. Photo: Berthold Laufer, Chinese Clay Figures, Field Museum of Natural History, 1914.


cm tall) sancai horse had appeared in the marketplace and collectors at the time were ecstatic about their dignity and finish, making Tang sancai wares a focus in collecting. Pl. 47 (pp. 77, 79) is a representative example of this type of large sancai horse, and is also likely an example that was brought to Japan during the Taishō to early Shōwa periods. This work was published in 1961 in the Sui - Tang volume of the Kawade Shobōʌs Sekai tōji zenshū series on Chinese ceramics, and it is said that it was then owned by Ikeda Hayato, the prime minister of the day. Along with this horse, pl. 48 (p. 81) is of particular note amongst the sancai wares displayed here. In addition to its smaller than usual size and other

features, this work differs in form from the usual phoenix-necked vases. Works similar to this rare and highly regarded example can be found in the MOA Museum of Art and the British Museum. Its handling, the skill with which it was removed from its mold, and the perfection of its glazing all indicate its particularly careful production, all features indicating that even at the time it would have been considered a special and rare example of its type. As noted above, strictly speaking the collection of sancai wares in Japan dates back to the works brought by the kentōshi envoys but the ware type was long unknown since there were no traditionally handed-down examples extant. With the beginning of the 20th century and the appearance of excavated works, finally these works came to the notice of people worldwide, and almost immediately became a major part of collecting activities. The exhibition of Tang sancai, the first exhibition to be held in Japan focusing

on kanshō-toki, held in 1928 is testimony to this fact (fig. 11). The catalogue for that exhibition indicates that the major examples of Tang sancai in Japan today were already in the country at that time. Since that day, through the prewar and postwar years and up until today, sancai has remained extremely popular in Japan as the representative form of Tang ceramics. In addition to sancai ware, painted pottery Fig. 11 The First Exhibition of The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, (Venue: Peer’s Club). Photos: Oriental Ceramics, Vol. Ⅰ No. 4, The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, 1928.

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was another major form of grave goods during the Tang dynasty. This ware was produced earlier than


sancai and primarily consists of clay figurines. This exhibition includes a rare

example of the combined use of lead glaze and painted polychrome. Pl. 29 (p. 53) is coated internally and externally with a transparent lead glaze, with the exterior surface painted in overglaze pigments of red, black, white, blue and green. The painting on the exterior depicts an acanthus pattern in each of four circular cartouches while the shoulders are decorated with cloud patterns, a design not found on other examples. These motifs suggest design expressions tracing from Rome to Central Asia, and indeed, it is a Tang dynasty work redolent of Silk Road culture. The exterior surface glaze is thinner than that used on the interior surface, with most of the surface coated with pigments, primarily red, with some other colors such as white. The small areas left unpainted reveal a ground lead glaze with a marble-like sheen. This effect is probably reminiscent of that seen in pl. 30 (p. 52), which is decorated with painted polychrome. This example differs from usual yellow glaze painted polychrome works, and can be considered an important example splendidly expressing the foreign tastes incorporated into Tang art.

From the Early Tang to the High Tang, the kentōshi envoys might not have brought the white porcelain to Japan given that it was a luxury ware used solely by high-ranking aristocrats in China. As early 20th century excavation activities accelerated, these wares were found at Tang aristocratic consumption sites and subsequently flowed into the marketplace. An early example of white porcelain collecting can be seen in the Imperial Museumʌs purchase of six Tang white porcelain works in 1908. Records indicate that these works were the same type of spittoon seen in pls. 26, 27 (pp. 48, 49), and thus we know that there were Early to High Tang examples of white porcelain flowing into the market place in the earliest stage of excavated ceramics appearing in the world. This group of works with their metal ware-like sharp shapes appealed to aficionados, a trend that continues today. While many small works have these fascinating aspects, pl. 16 (pp. 35, 37) is of particular note in this exhibition. Not only is it quite large, its primitive but also realistic form can be considered a prototype of the dragon-eared vases, while also strongly revealing elements which derive areas to the west of modern-day China, ranging from Rome to Central Asia. A similar example is in the Idemitsu Museum of Arts, but the one exhibited here is noteworthy for its rarity and the level of high artistry. Pl. 1 (p. 13) is another

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unusual work that should not be overlooked. It dates from the Sui dynasty, a time that can be seen as a traditional period linking to Tang white porcelain, and while similar examples are found in the items excavated at the Li Jingxun tomb, this work can be thought to have superior finishing, especially in such areas as the constriction of the torso area. Then, pl. 17 (p. 39) is a water pitcher with a truly skillyfully rendered form. While several similar examples are known, such as the work in the Gotoh Museum, the uneven feel of the torso area that seems like a realistic copying of an animal skin bag makes this work superior to the others of its type. While differing in terms of handle shape, an example with the same kind of torso can be found in the Musée Cernuschi, Paris. This exhibition also includes several yong (pottery figurines), redolent of their period. Of note amongst these works is pl. 8 (p. 23), a white porcelain figurine whose shape suggests that it was made in the Sui dynasty, of which very few similar examples can be found. This work can be thought to be part of the group made up of these few comparable examples, such as those in the Musée Guimet, Paris and the Shanghai Museum.

Like earlier examples, ceramics from the Mid Tang to Late Tang were excavated actively in the early 20th century and large numbers of works appeared. Yue ware formed the main type of celadons found, with many examples of flat bowls with janome feet, as mentioned above, and foliate edge bowls such as pl. 124 (p. 169), among other forms. While there are a variety of white porcelain types in this period, pl. 87 (p. 126) is of note in this exhibition. This work probably dates to the Mid Tang to Late Tang, while also maintaining a strong sense of High Tang aesthetics. Its large imposing form and the hairline carving style leaf motif on the upper lid surface are two of the fascinating aspects not found in other works. I would also like to mention the group of Hunan celadons seen at pls. 101-106 (pp. 142-151). This type were little recognized either in Japan or indeed worldwide, but were then noticed, collected and researched by the Englishman Dr. Isaac Newton. According to Newton this group of works was excavated in 1946, began to appear in the market, and he then formed a collection. This Newton Collection was published in the 1950s in the Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society and other publications, and was a renowned collection

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at the time. The collection was later scattered, and here we have brought them together again for display.

It is well known that there are many superb, highly artistic examples of Tang dynasty art extant today, including not only ceramics but also Buddhist sculptures and works made of gold, silver, jade and rare stones. This catalogue presents non-ceramic works in pls. 44, 45 (pp. 71, 73). Many of these works flowed into the marketplace spurred on by the expeditions from various countries being conducted in China after the beginning of the 20th century. Many of these pieces brought to market by these developments were actively collected worldwide. Stone sculpture is the representative genre of such Tang art, and these works, still loved today, helped build the importance of Northern Wei and later Buddhist sculpture.

Japanese Period Dates Meiji period: 1868 – 1912 Taishō period: 1912 – 26 Shōwa period: 1926 – 89

Reference Bibliography 1. Hasebe Gakuji and Imai Atsushi, Chūgoku no tōji [Chinese Ceramics], Vol. 12, Nihon shutsudo no Chūgoku tōji [Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Japan], Heibonsha, 1995. 2.

Hara Bunjirō, “ Tou sansai no uma” [Tang Sancai Horses], Tōji Vol. 3 No. 3, The Institute of Oriental Ceramics, Tokyo, Japan, 1931.

3.

Tomita Noboru, “ Taishōki wo chūshin to suru senkuteki Chūgoku kanshō tōjiki korekushon no sakusei to tokushitsu – Kindai Chūgoku kanshō bijutsu seiritsu no shiza kara” [The Formation and Characteristics of Pioneering Collections of Chinese Ceramics for Visual Appreciation Focusing on the Taishō Period – From the Vantage Point of the Modern Establishment of Chinese Art for Visual Appreciation], Tōsetsu Nos. 555 –562, Japan Ceramic Society, 1999 –2000.

4.

Isaac Newton, “A Thousand Years of Potting in the Hunan Province”, Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, 10 January, 1952.

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倧 唐 展 An Exhibition of the Arts of the Tang Dynasty

2017 幎 10 月 13 日金〜 10 月 21 日土 11:00 〜 18:00

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An Exhibition of the Arts of the Tang D ynasty 倧 唐 展 線集 / 発行株匏䌚瀟 繭山韍泉堂

Edited and published by MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD.

写真田䞭成之

Photographs by Shigeyuki Tanaka

発行幎2017 幎 9 月

英蚳Martha J. McClintock デザむンStudio Hart

印刷 / 補本ニュヌカラヌ写真印刷株匏䌚瀟 繭山韍泉堂 © 2017

Published September, 2017

Japanese to English translation by Martha J. McClintock Designed by Studio Hart

Printed by NEW COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINTING Co., Ltd.

MAYUYAMA & CO., LTD. © 2017. Printed in Japan.


Published: September, 2017


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