ILMNEWS December Edition 2018

WORLD’S WORST

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HUMANITARIAN CRISIS The U.N.'s humanitarian chief warned last week that 14 million people in Yemen — or half of the country's population — need aid to survive amid fears of an "imminent and great big famine."

Mark Lowcock told the Security Council that this potential famine would be "much bigger than anything any professional in this field has seen during their working lives."

Only two famines have been declared in the past two decades — the one that took the lives of a quarter of a million Somalis in 2011 and another one last year in South Sudan.

Here are three statistics that shed light on the situation on the ground in one of the Arab world's poorest countries.

130: THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN UNDER 5 WHO DIE EACH DAY FROM HUNGER AND DISEASE A total of almost 50,000 kids are believed to have perished from such causes during 2017, with a similar number expected this year, according to Save the Children and the U.N. Save the Children spokesman called the situation in Yemen "a stain on the world’s conscience."

UNICEF's operation in Yemen estimates there are 1.8 million children currently facing malnutrition, including 400,000 who are severely malnourished and at risk of death if not urgently treated. More than 8 million children are cut off from regular access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services.

Spokesman said the fighting that is raging in Yemen is killing an "entire generation of children," who are bearing the brunt of the violence. "Thousands are so malnourished they don’t even have the energy to cry," he said.

U.N. is assessing whether the crisis in Yemen can officially be declared a famine, with initial results

expected next month.

"An official famine declaration would only confirm what we already know: Children are already dying from starvation," said the International Rescue Committee's country director in Yemen. "Famine, by definition, means it’s too late.”

The conflict in Yemen began with the 2014 takeover of the capital, Sanaa, by Houthi rebels, who toppled the government. A Saudi-led coalition allied with the government has been fighting the Houthis since 2015.

The fighting has left 6,800 civilians dead and more than 10,000 injured, sparking the world's worst humanitarian crisis. Yemen's gross domestic product

has been cut in half since 2015, with more than 600,000 jobs lost and a least 80 percent of the population living below the poverty line, according to U.N. numbers.

1 MILLION: THE NUMBER OF CHOLERA CASES Against the backdrop of the conflict, Yemen has suffered from the largest cholera outbreaks in recent history.

The World Health Organization says there have been 1.2 million cases of suspected or confirmed cholera in Yemen since April 2017, including over 154,000 cases this year.

“AUSTERITY FINALLY COMING TO AN END” SAYS HAMMOND Philip Hammond has said the "era of austerity is finally coming to an end", in his last Budget before Brexit.

He spent a windfall from better public finances on an extra £2.7bn for universal credit and bringing forward planned income tax cuts by a year.

The personal allowance will rise to £12,500 and the higher rate threshold to £50,000 in April 2019, worth £130 a year for a typical

base rate taxpayer.

Jeremy Corbyn said whatever Mr Hammond had claimed, "austerity is not over".

In a speech lasting more than 80 minutes, Mr Hammond said "we have reached a defining moment on this long, hard journey" after repairing the damage to the public finances.

He described as a Budget for "the strivers, the grafters and the carers," promising them a "brighter future" after years of constraint.

More than 2,500 people are reported to have died from the preventable disease.

An entire country and its health infrastructure has been brought to its knees. While medical care is free in public health facilities, many Yemenis can barely afford the cost of public transport to get to these facilities, and families are forced to sell all their belongings to buy medicines.

People in Yemen are dying today not just because of the bullets and bombs, but because they are unable to receive the medical care they need to stay alive.

18,000: THE NUMBER OF AIR RAIDS A 3-YEAR-OLD CHILD IN YEMEN HAS LIVED THROUGH The independent Yemen Data Project has tracked the number of air raids since the start of the war — more than 18,000 since spring of 2015.

Save the Children says that means a child in Yemen who was born as the conflict broke out has lived through an average of about 14 air raids per day.

Yemen is one of the most dangerous places in the world to be a child today. The ongoing brutality means children are being consistently exposed to extreme violence, further heightening the risk of psychological damage.

In August, dozens of Yemeni children were killed in a Saudi-led coalition airstrike on a bus in northern Yemen, one of the deadliest attacks on civilians in the three-year-old war.

The U.N. has said that all parties in the conflict have been responsible for attacks on civilians, underscoring how targets have included homes, medical facilities, schools, farms and weddings.

The people of Yemen live under fear of continuous bombardment. Despite almost four years of airstrikes and use of heavy weapons, neither side is any closer to achieving their strategic objectives.

He announced a slight increase in growth forecasts, from 1.3% to 1.6% for 2019, and better-than-expected borrowing figures.

A freeze on beer, cider and spirits duty, saving 2p on a pint of beer, 1p on a pint of cider, and 30p on a bottle of Scotch or gin A packet of 20 cigarettes goes up by 33p Wine duty will not be frozen and a bottle will go up by 8p from 1 February next year Another freeze in fuel duty An end to the the use of Private Finance Initiative schemes for future infrastructure projects A £30bn package for England's roads, including repairs to motorways and potholes £900m in business rates relief for small businesses and £650m to rejuvenate high streets Stamp Duty abolished for all first-time buyers of shared ownership properties valued up to £500,000, applied retrospectively to the date of the last Budget An extra £500m for no-deal Brexit preparations A tax on plastic packaging which does not contain enough recycled materials - but no disposable plastic cup tax An extra £1bn for the Ministry of Defence to boost cyber capabilities and anti-submarine warfare capacity

5 YEAR CELEBRATIONS FOR MR COMPENSATOR Page 6

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SINDH

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THE EFFECTS OF MEDITATION ON THE BODY

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CUT PIECE

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A further £650m of grant funding for English local authorities struggling to cope with rising care bills, for 2019/20 New mandatory business rates relief for all public lavatories made available for public use, whether publicly or privately owned Mr Hammond also announced a planned new tax subject to consultation - on the profits generated in the UK by global online "giants", such as Facebook, which he said would come into effect in April 2020 and raise £400m a year.

The chancellor announced an extra £2bn for mental health services in England, as part of the £20bn boost to the NHS announced by the government in June.

He also unveiled an additional £400m to allow schools to "buy the little extras they need".

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Licence To Rent Landlords that don’t apply for a licence to rent out their properties by 1st November risk fines, penalties or even prosecution in certain parts of London Road, Abbeydale Road and Chesterfield Road.

The new Selective Licensing scheme for the area comes into effect from 1st November 2018 which means that landlords must have a licence for every private rented property they control.

The scheme is designed to make sure that landlords can only rent out safe properties that are managed well.

The Selective Licensing scheme is being implemented after a period of consultation with landlords, tenants, residents and business in the area. Many properties had been found to be in need of repair maintenance after inspections by council officers over a three year period.

The deadline to apply is 1st November and only 50 landlords have applied so far.

Each landlord must submit a valid application before the 1st November 2018.

In August and September, landlords and properties in the area were sent application forms and guidance notes.

Applications forms and guidance notes are also available online.

A two-staged fee applies, with £500 paid at the time of application and if forms are fully and correctly completed and all requested documents included and valid, a second payment of £250.

Landlords that do not fully and correctly complete the form, do not provide all documentation required, or provide fraudulent information, will have a higher second payment of £500 to pay. Those that do not apply at all, or who have to be reminded, will pay a total of £1,500.

Landlords that don’t comply will be liable for prosecution (as it will be a criminal offence) and/or financial penalties.

Councillor Jim Steinke, Cabinet Member for Neighbourhoods and Community Safety said: It’s our responsibility to make sure that all private sector tenants live in homes that are well-cared for and safe and that’s why this selective licensing scheme is so important.

We’re urging landlords to apply now so that everything runs smoothly for both landlords and tenants in the area.

If they have any questions or queries we’re asking them to get in touch with us as soon as possible so that we can help them with the application process.

Any landlord who hasn’t received an application form or who has any questions should call Private Housing Standards on 0114 2734680.

More about the Selective Licensing scheme, including a full address list of the properties included and how to apply for a licence, is at www.sheffield.gov.uk/laclicense

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Lost / Stolen Property From 1 October 2018, South Yorkshire Police no longer take reports or record lost property and will not issue lost property reference numbers. This is a national decision and with the exception of foreign ID documents (including passports), or items classed as ‘dangerous’ such as firearms, all police forces in England and Wales will no longer take reports of lost property. This is because lost property is not a police matter, so there is no legal requirement to report it to them or for the police to maintain a system of recording non-evidential property. The decision to stop taking these reports will reduce demand on enquiry desk staff and their call handlers who take on average 11,000 reports per year, 4,000 of them over the phone. This will save more than 300 hours of staff time each year.

South Yorkshire Police will instead be directing members of the public to www.reportmyloss. com where for a small cost, they will be able to get a reference number for insurance purposes.

What if I lose..?

An ID card or Passport?

In the case of a lost British Passport, the loss must be reported to the Passport Office.

In the case of lost foreign passports or ID documents, reports of loss must be made in person at a Police enquiry desk. Find your nearest Enquiry desk here.

My Driving license?

If you lose your driving license, you need to report this to the DVLA. My Bank Card?

Lost bank cards need to be reported to your bank.

My Mobile phone?

There is a requirement that finders of found If you lose your mobile phone, you need to property take reasonable steps to trace the contact your service provider. owner of the property. If an item was lost or found in public premises or private property For more information on this please visit ht(such as in a shop or a restaurant, school or tps://www.southyorks.police.uk/lostproperty university) or on public transport then you , where a letter can be downloaded if needed should contact the relevant company in order for insurance. to register the loss or hand in the property.

What if I find...?

South Yorkshire Police operates a principle of not accepting or retaining any items of found property unless there is a legal or operational requirement to do so, for example we accept: Items you believe may be linked to a crime that could be used as evidence Firearms /weapons/ ammunition Non UK passports Drugs Pornography Mobile phones / electronic devices which may hold personal data Items where the owner is identifiable

Sheffield Council Support Scheme To Welcome Thousands Of Refugees Sheffield has joined councils across the country in calling for the Government to welcome 10,000 more refugees over the next decade.

It comes ahead of the 80th anniversary of the Kindertransport which brought 10,000 children fleeing Nazi prosecution to safety in the UK. Tina Ball, a refugee campaigner, submitted a petition to Sheffield City Council following the national Kindertransport Legacy Campaign, which is led by Lord Alf Dubs, who was a Kindertransport child. Lord Dubs called on central government to start a fully-funded scheme to resettle 10,000 child at risk over the next decade. So far, a number of local au-

thorities have also supported the campaign, including Hammersmith and Fulham.

Ms Ball said: “In light of its long record of welcoming refugees and asylum seekers, and as the country’s first City of Sanctuary, we call on Sheffield City Council to show leadership on this issue and commit to welcoming 10 child refugees per year over 10 years, a total of 100 children.”

Councillor Jim Steinke, cabinet member for neighbourhoods and community safety, said Ms Ball’s petition will be brought to a full council meeting on November 7, 2018, after which the director of people’s services will continue to work with the Home Office on the

issue. He said: “We have welcomed individuals and families from refugee camps to Sheffield through programmes that we manage, such as our Gateway programme. “This year, as planned, we have welcomed 150 people, both individuals and families, from all over the world into the city. We have also welcomed unaccompanied Asylum Seeker Children from the camp at Calais, the Kent transfer scheme and under the Dubs agreement. “As the first City of Sanctuary, we have already welcomed a significant number of children. We support Lord Dubs in calling for a fully funded support scheme from the Government.”

Religious Hate Crime Rises 40% In England And Wales Religious hate crime has rocketed by 40% in a year across England and Wales, as the number of offences recorded hits a record high.

Statistics released by the Home Office showed more than half of religiously-motivated attacks in 2017-18 were directed at Muslims and the next most commonly targeted group was Jewish people.

Police recorded a total of 94,098 hate crime offences – more than double the total five years ago – and all categories saw a rise.

“This increase is thought to be largely driven by improvements in police recording, although there has been spikes in hate crime following certain events such as the EU referendum and the terrorist attacks in 2017,” the Home Office document said.

“It is thought that the sharp increase in religious hate crimes is due to a rise in these offences following the terrorist attacks in 2017.”

The period covered by the report, April 2017 to March 2018, covers the Islamist atrocities in Manchester, London Bridge and Parsons Green, as well as the far-right Finsbury Park attack.

Darren Osborne, who ploughed a hired van

into Muslims leaving Ramadan prayers, cited Isis-inspired attacks among his motivations after being radicalised online in a matter of weeks.

The Home Office said terror offences may also be considered hate crimes, but while the Finsbury Park attack was counted because it was directed against Muslims, Islamists’ declared hatred for western values could not yet be counted.

Three-quarters of hate crimes were recorded as racially motivated, with the number of offences rising by 14%.

Police currently include xenophobic attacks and those against refugees and travellers in the category.

Another 12% of incidents were motivated by sexual orientation, up 27%, 9% religious, up 40%, 8% disability, up 30%, and 2% transgender, which was up 32%.

The overall conviction rate for hate crimes has increased to 84.7%, but only a small proportion of reported incidents – 12% – end with someone being charged or summonsed to court.

Around two-thirds of victims felt police had

treated them fairly, lower than average, and they were more likely to say they had been emotionally affected or been left feeling vulnerable.

Hate crime is not an offence in itself, but is used to describe other crimes “motivated by hostility or prejudice towards someone based on a personal characteristic”, such as attacks and vandalism.

Violence against the person, public order offences, criminal damage and arson made up 96 per cent of hate crime-flagged offences. There were 1,065 online hate crimes in the year.

But despite the increase in recorded crime, the number of completed prosecutions fell by over 2 per cent from 14,480 in 2016-17 to 14,151 in 2017-18.

Hatred was used to increase punishments handed out in court in more than two-thirds of cases involving hostility on the grounds of race, religion, sexual orientation, transgender identity or disability in the year.

A Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) report said sentences were “uplifted” in around 7,700 cases, compared to just a handful a decade ago.

£28.8Bn Injection Into UK Roads Chancellor Philip Hammond has revealed a £28.8 billion fund for improving ‘strategically important’ roads between 2020 and 2025.

Called the National Roads Fund, and ultimately aimed at increasing productivity, the large cash injection into improving roads will be

largely funded from ‘road tax’ – better known as car tax or VED (Vehicle Excise Duty).

From 1 April 2019 VED rates for cars, vans and motorcycles will increase in line with RPI, while the government will freeze VED for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) for 2019-20. Ad-

ditionally, the government will invest £420m into local authorities in 2018-19 to help repair damaged roads, tackle potholes and invest in keeping bridges open and safe. Another £150 million of funding will be available for small improvement projects, such as roundabouts.

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Role Of Sheffield Lord Mayor Comes Under Scrutiny 17,500 back Magid Magid as Sheffield Lord Mayor...47 don’t but do people know exactly what the role involves?

The role of Sheffield’s Lord Mayor came under scrutiny after councillors realised many people don’t understand the job. Councillors were forced to debate the issue when they received a petition of 47 names calling for the abolition of Lord Mayor Magid Magid – and another petition with 17,500 names in support of him. If a petition has more than 5,000 signatures, it automatically triggers a debate at full council but this was a unique occasion when councillors were forced to discuss their own Lord Mayor.

Council Leader Julie Dore says a scrutiny board will now discuss the role of the Lord Mayor. She said: “Each Lord Mayor brings their own perspective, personality and priorities to the role. They will carry out routine duties but also do their own additional activities.

I have been on the council for 20 years and never seen such a public debate. There seems to be a lack of understanding of the Lord Mayor’s role so I propose to refer this to scrutiny with a view to look at how we can raise the profile of the Lord Mayor but also clear up some of the misunderstandings of what the role is.” The Lord Mayor is unelected and chosen by fellow councillors each

year. As a civic figurehead they have no real powers but raise money for charity. They should be impartial and non political while in office. And it’s a completely separate role from the directly elected Sheffield City Region Mayor.

Government Unveils Update To Hate Crime Action Plan The Home Office and Ministry for Communities, behaviour out.

Housing and Local Government has published an “Our refreshed action plan sets out how we will tackle the root causes of prejudice and racism, update to its Hate Crime Action Plan. support hate crime victims and ensure offenders face the full force of the law.”

Among the new measures are: • A wide-ranging Law Commission review into The updated plan includes over £1.5m of new hate crime to explore how to make current legis- funding for programmes that work with schools lation more effective and consider if there should and young people to challenge discriminatory bebe additional protected characteristics such as liefs, promote positive discussions and encourage reporting. This includes supporting Kick It Out to misogyny and age; • A new nationwide public awareness campaign challenge attitudes and behaviour in grassroots to launch later this Autumn designed to educate football and continue its work with Show Racism the Red Card. on what hate crime is; • Extending the Home Office Places of Worship Communities Secretary, Rt Hon James BrokenScheme for a further year to support more reli- shire MP said: “It is completely unacceptable that gious institutions which are vulnerable to hate anyone should live in fear of intimidation and violence because of their beliefs or the colour attacks; • Improving police response by offering call han- of their skin. We must challenge prejudice and dlers specialist training on how to support hate intolerance, whenever and wherever it appears crime victims and revamping the True Vision re- in our society.

“Alongside publishing our refreshed plan to tackporting website; • Over £1.5m of further funding for groups such le hate crime, I am pleased to announce further as the Anne Frank Trust and Kick It Out which funding of over £1.5m for projects that challenge support young people to challenge prejudice and the attitudes that underpin racially and religiously motivated crime." hatred; and • Antisemitism and Anti-Muslim roundtables, hosted by Ministers, to discuss responses to As well as extending the Places of Worship scheme from three to four years, the Home Ofthese issues. fice confirmed today that 45 places of worship The refresh has been designed to address spe- have been awarded nearly £800,000 in the latest cific concerns across all five monitored strands round of funding through the scheme. of hate crime: race, religion, sexual orientation, This year, grants have been awarded to nine churches, 22 mosques, two Hindu temples and transgender identity and disability.

Home Secretary Sajid Javid said: “Hate crime 12 Sikh gurdwaras. Since the scheme launched in goes directly against the long-standing British 2016, 89 grants worth over £760,000 have been values of unity, tolerance and mutual respect - allocated to places of worship across England and and I am committed to stamping this sickening Wales.

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The Myth Of Muslim ‘No-Go Areas’ Almost a third of British people now believe the myth that there are “no-go zones” where nonMuslims cannot enter, according to a report warning of mounting intolerance.

Research by Hope Not Hate found that economic inequality was driving hostility towards Muslims, immigration and multiculturalism, particularly in post-industrial and coastal towns.

“These areas also voted strongly for Leave in the referendum and, ironically, may well suffer most under a hard Brexit – making them a ripe target for the far and populist right,” the group said.

“In effect, two Britains have emerged, with a more confident, diverse, liberal population now concentrated in our cities. The implications of this for Brexit, for the Labour Party, for politics in general, and potentially aiding the rise of a far-right movement, could all be profound.”

The research comes following an increase street protests by far-right groups including the antiIslam Democratic Football Lads Alliance and supporters of English Defence League founder Tommy Robinson.

A 2018 YouGov survey of more than 10,300 people showed that attitudes towards Muslims had been hardening in Britain in the wake of Isis-inspired terror attacks and grooming scandals where the majority of suspects have been of Pakistani heritage.

It found that the perception of Islam as a threat was moving into the mainstream, with 32 per cent of respondents believing that there are “no-go areas in Britain where sharia law dominates and non-Muslims cannot enter”.

The view was shared by almost half of people who voted Leave in the EU referendum, and 47 per cent of Conservative voters.

The "no-go zones" theory, which is spread by global far-right pundits online has been widely debunked and where there have been isolated incidents of "Muslim patrols", suspects have been arrested and condemned by local Muslim leaders.

In the YouGov poll, a small majority felt that there was an increasing amount of tension between the different political and demographic groups in the

UK. Almost a third thought Islamist terrorists “reflected a widespread hostility to Britain from among the Muslim community”, including two thirds of Leave voters.

Hope Not Hate’s research mapped data from the YouGov poll across parliamentary constituencies to create a heat map of different attitudes.

Overall it showed that liberal attitudes are most concentrated in areas like major cities where diversity is a normal part of everyday life, and the population tends to be better educated, younger and enjoying greater opportunities.

Meanwhile, the greatest concern about immigration and Islam was found particularly in postindustrial towns and coastal areas, where populations are less diverse.

Researchers documented a “halo effect” where cities with large Muslim populations are surrounded by predominantly white British areas with more hostile views.

“Where non-Muslims live, work and socialise with Muslims, these interactions are likely to reduce prejudice,” the report said. “But if people witness rather than experience super diversity, existing prejudices can be reinforced.”

Attitudes were found to be heavily influenced by age, social deprivation and education.

All 100 areas where people were found to be the most hostile towards immigration and multiculturalism were in towns or on the outskirts of cities, with 93 in the Midlands or north of England.

But the 100 areas most associated with “confident multicultural” populations were in central city areas and close to universities.

Younger people were less likely to be concerned with immigration, oppose diversity or believe that Muslims were “hostile to Britain” than over-65s.

Three quarters of people with university degrees thought that having a wide variety of backgrounds and cultures is part of British culture, and that immigration has been good for the country, compared to just 45 per cent of people educated to GCSE level.

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Mr Compensator Celebrates 5 Year Anniversary The taxi industry is a market you obviously specialise in, but do you also provide vehicles for those that are not taxi drivers?

Of course we do, we have a very diverse clientele actually. Not only do we service taxi drivers, we also supply replacement cars for driving instructors, vans and also social domestic vehicles of any kind.

This demand has grown over the years due to customers realising they do not have to go through their own insurer and can use somebody closer On the eve of Mr. Compensator's Fifth Anniversary celebration, we to home. This face to face interaction as opposed to getting stuck had the great pleasure of interviewing Omar from the branch. We on the phone in a queue can have a massive difference on the cusdiscuss their growth in Sheffield, how far they've come in those 5 tomers post-accident experience. If any of your readers are ever years and tips on being successful in business. involved in a non-fault accident, give us a call and you'll see the difference for yourself.

Shah (ILM) Hi Omar, how are you?

Why did you choose Sheffield as a location for your office?

Omar (Mr. Compensator) I'm very well thank you despite getting older, praise be to Allah.

Truthfully it wasn’t Team Compensator that chose Sheffield, it was the people of Sheffield that chose us. We have always been preMr. Compensator has now become somewhat of a household dominantly based up North, however we were getting a very high name in Sheffield. Can I ask what the journey has been like in order number of enquiries from this region. Thereafter we did our hometo achieve something like this? work and established that the potential clients residing in Sheffield were not getting a fair deal on their claims. Hence here we are Well, firstly thank you for the compliment but I wouldn’t say today and still going strong 5 years later. And since our Sheffield household name, although we are trying to get there. Honestly, it endeavour we have also expanded our nationwide reach with new all comes down to hard work. We have worked tirelessly over the offices in Birmingham. last 5 years to get to the stage where we are today. The biggest thing in business I have learnt is in order to grow you must work What do you consider the most important elewell together as a team and most importantly listen to each others ment of your business journey or philosophy? views and then find the best way to put them into action. I think this collaborative nature is what makes our service so efficient.

Enjoying what you do, that is key in any job for anybody. I have always had a passion to be great For those that are not aware of Mr. Compensator, can you explain at everything from when I was younger. On a perwhat it is you do? sonal level I also like to meet different people from all kinds of backgrounds and being able to help We are an accident management company. We specialise in pro- them leaves me with a good feeling. I also strive viding like-for-like replacement vehicles immediately for any kind on doing the best I can. Don't forget the nature of of driver and their situation following an accident. Specifically taxi this business - it's always changing in regards to drivers because of their requirements due to the nature of the job, legislation and rules. Keeping on top of everything in addition to also assisting in recovering the losses for these very allows me to stay well informed and thus implesame clients. ment the changes within our organisation so that the customers are always receiving the best and correct service.

you like to comment on this and set the record straight?

Fortunately for us we live in a time where social media is a quick and efficient way for news to be distributed. However unfortunately there is no way to verify or know the truth of what is being shared. Basically fake news, and it is then down to the reader to be able to substantiate what is true and what is not.

We have been in Sheffield for 5 years now. We came, we saw and we compensated. We will continue to stay, see and compensate for as long as there is a requirement for us. Like any business we only strive on being great and keeping our clients happy, and Alhamdulillah by the grace of Allah we are achieving this. In fact in recent months our work load has increased, putting Team Compensator into a position where we are required to purchase even more vehicles to meet the increased demand. One of our focuses has always been to maintain the very highest standard of vehicles within our fleet. This is also a key element that sets us apart from the rest.

So 5 years, that time has gone so quickly. I remember seeing your first office on Abbeydale Road – nowhere near as grand as your new office with the gold cab on the roof! You mentioned an anniversary party, can you tell us more about this?

Mr. Compensator as I previously mentioned has been in Sheffield for 5 years, and Alhamdulillah for any business that is a great milestone. We wanted to have an event for the taxi drivers of Sheffield and the surrounding areas to enjoy a day out and celebrate with us.

This will be at the PMC Hall on Woodburn Road on Sunday 11th November at 6pm.

We have arranged food, entertainment and an incredible competition for all taxi drivers. 25 drivers will be picked on the day and will walk away with 1 months free radio rent. And what's more, the raffle is completely free to enter. Just turn up on the day.

Shah Wow that sounds amazing and thank you for your time, I cant wait for the 11th November and I will see you there Inshallah.

Omar Thank you it's been a pleasure.

Where do you get your motivation and drive from?

The drive comes from the daily challenges that I face, which come in all shapes and sizes. In this business you never know what's around the corner. You will most definitely have times where you feel that your back is against the wall, however when you have an incredibly supportive and knowledgable team behind you it motivates you to push yourself even further.

Who do you consider your competition in Sheffield?

I don’t like to think of anybody as a competitor per se, although there are a handful of companies that operate in the same field. I prefer to concentrate more on what we are able to do rather than what somebody else is doing. As long as you do that wholeheartedly then what is written for you will come your way.

If I may, there was some speculation in recent months about Mr. Compensator closing. Would

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AQWAL e SYED Taleem ilm hai Taleem aqal me izafah karti hai Taleem adab sikhati hai Taleem ehteram sikhati hai Taleem izat deti hai

Beating around the Bush This phrase means to avoid answering a question; to stall or to waste time. The origin of the idiom is associated with hunting. In medieval times, hunters hired men to beat the area around bushes with sticks in order to flush out game taking cover underneath. They avoided hitting the bushes directly because this could sometimes prove dangerous; for example, whacking a bees’ nest would put a swift and unwelcome end to the hunt.

Pot calling the kettle black This expression is used to refer to someone who criticises someone else, for something that they themselves are guilty of. The phrase was first used in the literature of the 1600s – notably Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes – and has its origins in the Medieval kitchen, when both pots and kettles were made from sturdy cast iron and both would get black with soot from the open fire.

Taleem buzurgi bakhshti hai Taleem ikhlaq sikhati hai Taleem ehsas ka jazbah deti hai Taleem shu-ur me izafah karti hai Achi mulazmat ke liye taleem madadgaar sabit hoti hai Taleem se ap ghalat aur sahi me asani se tameez ker sakte hain Taleem se malumat me izafah hota hai Agar aurat taleem yaftah hogi to khandaan ko taleem yaftah kar sakti hai Agar naujawan taleem yaftah hain to mulk taraki yaftah hoga

Az kalam

Syed Fayyaz Hussain Shah

‘Sinking’ London London faces the threat of flooding due to the impact of rising sea levels, a report warns.

Other major coastal cities such as Houston, Manila, Jakarta, Lagos and Dhaka could all face similar risks, according to Christian Aid's Sinking Cities, Rising Seas.

Climate change could act as a "threat multiplier" to existing factors such as sinking ground and subsidence, water extraction and bad planning, increasing the risk of flooding.

London's sinking problem is largely a vestige of the last ice age when glaciers that weighed Scotland down and lifted up the south like a see-saw melted and reversed the effect, according to the study.

London is increasingly vulnerable as a result of sea level rises, with the city having to use its key primary flood defence, the Thames Barrier, twice as much recently as was anticipated when it opened in 1984.

Houston, which suffered major flooding last year following Hurricane Harvey, is vulnerable to flooding and subsidence due to extracting groundwater for its population and oil and gas.

Literal Meaning

Sea level rises and storm surges will only exacerbate the problem, the report said.

Bangkok, which is only 1.5m (4ft 9in) above sealevel, could be under water in the next 15 years, officials have warned, with the Thailand capital sinking due to water extraction and heavy buildings pressing into the sediment.

Similar issues are affecting Shanghai, but it has taken strong measures to tackle them.

Manila, Jakarta, Lagos and Dhaka in Bangladesh are all also threatened by problems such as subsidence, groundwater extraction, a lack of adequate drainage, the weight of buildings and the loss of natural flood protection including mangroves.

Report author Dr Kat Kramer, Christian Aid's global climate lead, said: "We're starting to see what happens when climate change acts as a threat multiplier, compounding poor development decisions. "Worryingly, the world is currently on track for more than 3C (37.4F) of warming, which would have disastrous consequences for the millions of people living in these coastal cities."

The ball is in your court This is a modern sporting metaphor, probably originating in the 20th century. It is a reference to the sport of tennis, in which you hit the ball over the net to put it in your opponent’s court.

You can only hit or play a ball that is in your court.

Therefore if “the ball’s in your court”, it is your turn to play and react. It is often used in business to mean that you need to make the next offer or in relationships to say that it is your turn to act.

Back to the drawing board The idiom means that it’s time to start all over again. The origin of the idiom is art. The saying is attributed to an American artist named Peter Arno, who published his cartoons in the New Yorker. In a comic strip from 1941, one sees a man in a fancy suit, carrying a bunch of rolled up papers assumed to be mechanical drawings of an aircraft, walking away from a crashed plane.

In the bubble above his head, when one reads “Well, back to the drawing board.”

Donkey’s years The phrase means a long time and it originated in the early 20th century, apparently as a pun on the long ears of a donkey. In fact, the first published reference in the Oxford English Dictionary uses the phrase “donkey’s ears.” Here’s the citation, from The Vermillion Box, a 1916 novel by E. V. Lucas: “Now for my first bath for what the men call ‘Donkey’s ears,’ meaning years and years.”

Know the ropes This expression describes someone who is experienced at what they are doing. Whereas, “showing someone the ropes” means to explain to them how something is done. The phrase has its origins in the golden age of sailing, when understanding how to handle the ropes necessary to operate a ship and its sails was an essential maritime skill.

By the mid-19th century it was a common slang expression, and it survives to this day.

A red herring Often used in the context of television detective shows, a red herring refers to something designed to distract or throw someone off a trail.

Origins of this expression are related to the herring fish that is often smoked – a process that turns it red and gives it a strong smell. Because of their pungent aroma, smoked herrings were used to teach hunting hounds how to follow a trail, and they would be drawn across the path of a trail as a distraction that they must overcome.

Fat chance The expression is used to refer to something that is incredibly unlikely. Bizarrely, and contrary to what one might expect, the related expression ‘slim chance’ means the same thing. The origins of this expression are unclear, but the use of the word ‘fat’ is likely to be a sarcastic version of saying ‘slim chance’. A similar expression is ‘Chance would be a fine thing’, which refers to something that one would like to happen, but that is very unlikely.

Driving me up the wall This expression is used when something (or someone) is causing extreme exasperation and annoyance. A similar expression meaning the same thing is “driving me round the bend”. The saying evokes someone trying desperately to escape something by climbing up the walls. However, it’s unknown when it was first used.

Burn the midnight oil The phrase means to work late into the night. In 1635, this phrase was used by Francis Quarles in literary work which was a synonym to the word ‘lucubrate’. It literally meant to work by the side of a candle. To burn the mid night oil was the English way of saying that someone was working hard through the night because candles were used in the olden times to provide light at night.

Recently, candles are no longer used as a source of light during the night but the phrase is still popular and is used figuratively, alluding back its use before electric lighting.

Head in the clouds (living in a fantasy) The earliest use of this expression dates back to the mid-1600s. At that time humans did not have airplanes so aviation was not a concept that inspired the idiom. Clouds were considered out of the reach or impossible to humans. In this regards, when a person used to talk impossible or stupid things people used to refer him as his head is in the clouds.

China To Launch Artificial ‘Moon’ Into Orbit To Light Up City China’s obsession with making the ‘B’ copies of ‘A’ class products has crossed all the limits as the country has announced to launch a fake moon into space that it hopes will illuminate one of the country's biggest cities.

Officials in Chengdu, a city of 14 million people in China's southwestern province of Sichuan, announced plans to place a satellite in orbit by 2020 capable of reflecting sunlight onto its streets at night, claiming it will be bright enough to entirely replace street lights.

The satellite would use a reflective coating to direct light to illuminate an area on earth of up to 50 square miles, according to Wu Chunfeng, chairman of the city’s Aerospace Science and Technology Microelectronics System Research

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In stitches The expression means that you laugh so hard that your sides hurt. Presumably comparing the physical pain of intense laughter with the prick of a needle, the phrase was first used in 1602 by Shakespeare in Twelfth Night. After this, the expression isn’t recorded again until the 20th century, but it’s now commonplace.

Institute.

The artificial moon, which has been undergoing testing for several years, will produce at least eight times more light than the real moon.

Scientists have warned the device could disturb wildlife and disrupt systems that observe the earth’s atmosphere.

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THE EFFECTS OF MEDITATION ON THE BODY Mr Shumile J. Chishty What is meditation? Meditation is not just inhaling from your nose and exhaling from your mouth but it is a means of transforming the mind, it is a state of profound, deep peace that occurs when the mind is calm and silent, yet completely alert.

Meditation is used at times when we experience stress, and we can train ourselves by letting go of negative thoughts and encourage more positive thinking which can benefit our overall health. It also makes sense to say that with a clear mind we are able to make better decisions and fewer mistakes which is exactly what meditation helps us to achieve. It has been recently found that regular meditation may reduce the number of symptoms experienced by patients with a wide range of illnesses and disorder. Meditation can affect our body in multiple ways.

When we meditate we achieve a state called default mode network, this involves certain parts

of the brain to have an increase in brain activity; medial prefrontal cortex, medial parietal cortex and medial temporal lobes. The significance of the cortical associations is unknown but are still being researched, as there is a difference in brain activity between people who suffer from mental disorders such as s c h i zo p h re nia and people who don’t.

But more advanced research is done upon meditators and non-meditators and it was found that those who meditated regularly had alpha waves in abundance, these

UK Parliamentary Body Releases Report On IOK Situation All Party Parliamentary Group on Kashmir in the UK Parliament launches its report, documenting gross human rights violations by India. It is the first ever report in its thirty years history.

The report compiled after receiving various testimonies about the human rights violations perpetrated by the Indian troops in the occupied territory was released by Chairman of the APPKG, MP Chris Leslie, in London, on 30th October. Accompanied by dozens of MPs from both Labour and Conservatives and Sardar Masood Khan, the President of Azad Kashmir, the APPG on Kashmir comprises of more than 70 parliamentarians from the House of Commons and House of Lords.

The report said that violations, most egregiously in occupied Kashmir, frame everyday life for millions of Kashmiris. It further said that excessive state violence, systematized by a legal framework which grants near-wholesale impunity to those responsible, is routine, adding it is, in sum, a reality that warrants far greater attention than it receives.

The report has discussed in detail the draconian laws, Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) and Public Safety Act (PSA) as well as enforced disappearances, lack of transparency and use of pellets in the territory.

The report noted in the beginning that “repeated requests notwithstanding, no representative of either Indian central government or the J&K state government has agreed to give evidence, verbally or in writing”.

The report has proposed a number of recom-

mendations to alleviate the sufferings of Kashmiris. They include: • The Government of India must repeal the Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act 1990 and enable prosecution of armed forces and security personnel in the civilian judicial system • The Government of Jammu and Kashmir must urgently provide a strict and limited statutory basis for administrative detention powers, in line with international legal principles, by repealing or amending the Public Safety Act 1978 • The Government of India must initiate a comprehensive public investigation into the identities of bodies in mass and unmarked graves, with an independent forensic verification process, and provide for a full freedom of information mechanism for the families of suspected victims of enforced disappearance • The Government of India should immediately ban the use of pellet firing shotguns • The Government of Jammu and Kashmir must open its prisons to international inspection.

• The Governments of India and Pakistan should work to resume regularised visa-regulated civilian travel across the Line of Control and reunite separated families.

The report concluded: “In the meantime, we offer this report as our contribution to the debate on the need for human rights to respected, especially on the Indian-administered side. Far too many innocent lives have been lost already; far too many lives are blighted now. This is intolerable; it must end.”

alpha waves vibrate at a frequency between 7.512.5 Hz and it is associated with more creativity and relaxation. A sample of top-grade students were experimented on and it was found that they had high levels of these alpha waves hence why they were relaxed during the exam, h o w e v e r, this may involve a bid i re c t i o n a l re l at i o n s h i p between alpha waves and relaxation, that alpha waves cause relaxation or it could be relaxation causes alpha waves.

Hence why meditation is now being promoted at

secondary schools during periods of exams.

Not only do meditators have change in brain waves but also have a change in the brain shape and size as grey matter becomes denser supporting the idea of brain plasticity. Looking at a cellular level, we have chromosomes within the nucleus and these chromosomes have an important cap at the end of each strand of DNA called telomeres, these protect our chromosomes. These shortened telomeres have been associated with several diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer but when you meditate your telomeres begin to increase by a significant amount.

Now meditation is not a substitute for medicine but just like exercising and eating healthy, meditation is as equally as important and can definitely support your immune system and your physical or mental performance, but results are only evident when you are meditating on a regular basis.

Signs You Are Vitamin-D Deficient Vitamin D is crucial to bone, skin and mental health, but are you getting enough of it?

Do you get tired after climbing a few stairs? Do normal household chores make you lethargic?

Well, this maybe because you lack the very essential vitamin D. The problem is, many of us assume that if one maintains a healthy diet they’re getting enough of every nutrient. Even the best dietary sources of vitamin D aren't loaded with the nutrient: a serving of salmon is a good bet, with around 450 International Units (IU) of vitamin D per three ounces, but there are 120 units in fortified milk?

Most women under the age of 70 get 600 IUs of vitamin D daily, and those over 70 should aim for 800. But according to researches, 1,500 to 2,000 units a day for adults and especially women was safe and effective.

Without enough sunlight and dietary D, women may be at a greater risk for softening of the bones or osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency may also increase the risk of high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes, as well Here are a few signs you might need more vitamin D: Your bones ache Especially in winter, a vitamin D deficient adult feels more ache in bones and muscles, and the joints are a little stiffer when they get up in the morning.

You're 50 or older The skin simply doesn't make as much vitamin D as you get older, and the kidneys start to grow a little less productive when it comes to converting that D into the form the body puts to good use, older adults may also spend more time indoors, because of the constant pain in their bones and joints.

You're overweight or obese There's no change in vitamin D production among people who are obese. That's because vitamin D is fat soluble, which means the more body fat you have, the more it gets diluted, people who are overweight or obese may require more of daily vitamin D to make up for this effect.

Darker skin Your skin pigment is your natural sunscreen; a sunscreen with 30 SPF reduces the skin's ability to make vitamin D by a whopping 97 per cent.

Someone with very dark skin needs up to 10 times the amount of sun exposure than someone with a very pale complexion to make the same amount of vitamin D. Head sweats Travel back in time a century or so and you’d find people visiting doctors asking about how sweaty they found their heads. It's one of the first, classic signs of vitamin D deficiency.

UK To Enhance Cooperation With Pakistan British High Commissioner in Pakistan, Thomas Drew called on Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi at the Foreign Office last month.

During the meeting, a wide range of bilateral and regional issues of mutual interest were discussed, with Qureshi and Drew expressing satisfaction on the state of bilateral relations.

The British High Commissioner reiterated the desire of his government to further enhance cooperation with Pakistan in all areas of common interest, in particular in spheres of peace and security, trade and investment, organized crime, accountability, asset recovery and development cooperation.

Foreign Minister Qureshi emphasised the need to promote trade, economic ties and greater people to people contacts.

He also appreciated the role being played by the Department for International Development (DFID) in providing assistance in the health and education sectors.

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Malnourishment Amongst Children In The UK Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan has rightly focused on the grave problem of millions of malnourished children with stunted growth that is largely due to the lack of healthy food during formative years. However, in spite of the vast difference in per capita income between the UK and Pakistan – the UK’s per capita income stands at USD $39,753, while Pakistan’s is USD $1641 – the problem of malnourishment among children of growing age is also acutely felt in the UK, due to ever increasing gap between the rich and the poor.

A recent study reveals that almost four million British children live in households that cannot afford enough fruit, vegetable, fish and meat to meet official nutritional guidelines. These low income families are usually single parent families and the high divorce rate adds to the escalating problem. Single parent families, where the mother is the only earning member, are particularly hard hit because of the gap in wages between male and female workers.

In order to meet British official nutritional guidelines, it is estimated that a family consisting of two adults and two children aged between 10 and 15 would need to spend £103.17 on food per

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week. The approximate cost per adult would be £41.93 although the cost of food for two adults is not that amount multiplied by two but rather less at £68.74 per week. This is largely due to the portions according to which food is sold by most supermarket chains, designed at huge amounts of wastage so that to increase the expenditure. Thus, a family of two adults and three children aged two, five and eight would need to spend £111.35 on food. That means over £450 per month and given the cost of housing, particularly in the south-east of the country, and consequently the large amounts of mortgage repayments most people are burdened with, it would be a tall task. In fact, the study estimates that as much as 47% of all UK households with children cannot afford to provide their children with healthy food and when it comes to single parent families, the figure rises to 60%. Where the main earner is unemployed, only 20% can spend the recommended amount on food. It may be added here that between 2002 and 2016, income in poor households fell by 7.1% while food prices during that period rose by 7.7% so the problem is getting more acute as time goes by. And Brexit is not going to help.

These 35 NHS Medicines And Treatments Are No Longer Available Free On The NHS The NHS has banned free prescriptions for some 'over the counter' medicines such as constipation and athletes foot. NHS England is hoping to free up almost £100 million for frontline care each year by bringing in the changes. Therefore 35 treatments will no longer be available on the NHS. The NHS will no longer be funding medicines such as cold treatments, paracetamol, probiotics, cough mixture, eye drops and laxatives. However, the rule changes will not affect the prescribing of over the counter items for 'longer term or more complex conditions', NHS officials have confirmed.

Why have the changes been introduced? NHS England has said that curbing these routine prescriptions for minor conditions, many of which will cure themselves, will free up vital funds.

The NHS announced the move at the end of the March and the new guidance to GPs across the country began from May. NHS England chief executive Simon Stevens said: “Across the NHS our aim is to: ‘Think like a patient, act like a taxpayer’. "The NHS is probably the most efficient health service in the world, but we’re determined to keep pushing further. "Every pound we save from cutting waste is another pound we can then invest in better A&E care, new cancer treatments and much better mental health services.” The NHS has said that some of the products can be purchased over the counter at a lower cost than that which would be incurred by the NHS. The guidance will curb the routine prescribing of products for self limiting conditions that do not require any medical advice or treatment. These conditions, including sore throats, coughs and cold, will clear up on their own. It will also apply to conditions that are suitable for self care which can be treated with items that can easily be purchased over the counter, such as indigestion, mouth ulcers and warts and verrucae.

NHS England has said that the guidance will not apply to people with long-term or more complex conditions who will continue to get their usual prescriptions. However, people who receive free prescriptions

will not automatically be exempt from the guidance. Once CCGs have adopted the new guidance locally, it will apply to everyone who is not covered by the general or condition-specific exceptions listed in the guidance document.

The full list of treatments: These are the conditions affected by NHS prescription crackdown: • Acute sore throat • Infrequent cold sores of the lip • Conjunctivitis • Coughs and colds and nasal congestion • Cradle Cap (seborrhoeic dermatitis – infants) • Haemorrhoids • Infant colic • Mild cystitis • Mild irritant dermatitis • Dandruff • Diarrhoea (adults) • Dry eyes/sore (tired) eyes • Earwax • Excessive sweating (Hyperhidrosis) • Head lice • Indigestion and heartburn • Infrequent constipation • Infrequent migraine • Insect bites and sting • Mild acne • Mild dry skin • Sunburn • Sun protection • Mild to moderate hay fever/seasonal rhinitis • Minor burns and scalds • Minor conditions associated with pain, discomfort and/fever. (e.g. aches and sprains, headache, period pain, back pain) • Mouth ulcers • Nappy rash • Oral thrush • Prevention of dental caries • Ringworm/athletes foot • Teething/mild toothache • Threadworms • Travel sickness • Warts and verruca

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30th International Conference On Sindh Muneer Abro On 27 October, 30th international conference on Sindh took place in the University of West Minister, Harrow campus London. The World Sindhi Congress was the host of the conference and welcomed the participants to present their papers on the different issues pertaining to downtrodden Sindh in Pakistan. The panels of speeches and presentations reflected the major issues related to enforced disappearance (missing persons), enforced conversion of the Hindu girls, minority rights, the construction of mega dams on Indus

river, water politics, human rights and environmental justice, were discussed. The WSC had also arranged the soul music session. In the last session WSC revealed its organizational updates and presented resolution.

In the first session, the struggle for human rights was discussed, the speakers were Dr Hidayat Bhutto, organizer, WSC UK, Europe. Sassui Laghari, international Sindhi women organization, United Kingdom, Mr Abdul Sattar Soomro, Sindhi Sangat United Kingdom (SSUK), Dr Afsana Bhur-

gri, Sindh Sartiyoon, Dr Sarwar Shah, human rights activits Uk, Kirshan Sharma, minority rights activists Sindh, Tulsi Dhanjani, Human rights activist, Madrid, Spain, Raghvir Singh Sodho, human rights activist, India. Paymana Asad, Councillor South Harrow UK, Tom Deegan, the democracy Forum UK, also spoke in the first session.

The second session: Misappropriation of natural resources and environmental justice begun with the paper presentation by Yoana Barakova, research analyst at EFSAS, Netherland. Ralph

Bunche, Secretary general UNPO, Brussels, Alice Albania, writer of ‘Empires of the Indus, UK, also presented her paper. Professor Danish Mustafa, Kings College London. In the last Dr Hassan Abbas, water expert Sindh Q&A, presented his paper on ‘Transforming Shared Indus Waters into an Instrument of Regional Peace.

Third session on human rights situation and enforced disappearance started with the speech of Reham Khan, journalist UK. The other speakers were Mr Shaukat Kashmiri, president UKPNP, Mr Hamal Haider, BNM. Dr Syed Alam Shah, member organizing committee WSC and of Sindhi Baloch Forum, Dr Salahuddin Sayadi, Afghan Unity Movement, UK, Mr Shahriar Kabir, Human rights activists, writer, Filmmaker, Bangladesh, Dr Safdar Sarki, Jeay Sindh Tahreek, USA, Atif Tauqeer; and Julie Ward, Member of European Parliament, UK. Lakhu Lohana, General Sectratry of the WSC also spoke on the human rights issues.

Miss Rubina Greenwood, WSC Chairperson made the last speech of the third and last session of the conference and she also thanked all speakers and audiences.

Then resolution was presented. Finally, Sindhi Live Music started with Jatan Udasi from India who entertained the people.

Superbugs Could Kill 10 Million People Superbugs will kill 10 million people a year by 2050 - The global death toll would be more than cancer and diabetes combined - unless urgent action is taken, MPs have warned.

They said the growing rise of viruses, parasites and bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics posed "a grave to health". If ministers do not step in, then "modern medicine will be lost", they added. The warning comes from a report by the Commons' health and social care select committee, which scrutinises the government's work in

those areas.

Britain is already seeing a rise of antibiotic resistant illnesses, which kill around 5,000 people a year in the UK. Experts now say the death toll could reach 10 million a year globally in the next 30 years.

The rise was blamed on drug companies not having enough financial incentive to discover new classes of antibiotics, creating a "worrying exodus" of research over decades.

MPs suggested cutting "inappropriate" prescriptions, changing patent law and how pharmaceutical firms

are paid back for new antibiotics to improve conditions.

Fears were also raised over food standards after Brexit, given antibiotics used in farming are an "important contributor" to their resistance.

MPs demanded that any trade deals struck after Britain leaves the EU must ensure imported meat dairy produce meets the same standards for antibiotics as the EU's.

Despite the pressure on ministers, the committee recognised superbugs require "coordinated international action".

Dame Sally Davies, the UK's chief medical officer, warned in evidence to the committee how patients would feel the effects of more immune in-

fections. Women giving birth and cancer patients would be among those affected, she said.

"Meanwhile, all transplants will be out of the window because they are all prone to infection, and many people have to stay on long-term antibiotics," Dame Sally added. "There will be a lot of suffering and modern medicine will be lost."

In May, the government pledged £30m to fight the global scourge of resistant antibiotics. Then health secretary Jeremy Hunt warned at the time that it was "no longer a threat of the future - it is a problem here and now". He said the government's funding "had the potential to develop real solutions and save lives".

90% Of The Salt We Consume Is Contaminated With Microplastics Sea salt around the world has been contaminated by micro plastics. Plastic pollution is finding its way into the food chain via the salt in our diets.

Not only are plastics pervasive in our society in terms of daily use but they are pervasive in the environment as well; ubiquitous, in the air, water and now in the salt we use. Tiny particles have been found in the sea salt in the UK, France, Spain, as well as China and the US. The majority of the contamination comes from microfibers and single-use plastic such as water bottles.

Up to 12.7 million tonnes of plastic enter the world’s oceans every year, equivalent to dumping one garbage truck of plastic per minute. According to studies done on salt bought from US grocery stores, Americans would be ingesting upwards of 660 particles of plastic each year.

The plastic bisphenol A has been found in 95% of the US population. The impact of the plastic on the human body is not known because there is no control group of humans who have not been exposed.

1 million plastic bottles are purchased per minute. Recycling efforts are failing to keep pace with production which is expected to quadruple by 2050. Some say the threat of plastic pollution now rivals climate change. Another group of scientists tested 21 types of table salt and found plastic in all of them. The most common type of

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plastic they found was polythylene terephthalate. This material is used to make plastic bottles.

Scientists also found plastics in salt in China in 2015. Microscopic plastic particles from face scrubs, cosmetics, and plastic bottles were found in samples of 15 salt products found in Chinese grocery stores.

Sea salt could be more vulnerable to plastic contamination because it’s made through the process of dehydration of seawater. Plastic pollution has contaminated multiple foods and beverages that we consume every day, not just salt.

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You Can’t Take Your Eyes Off Your Watch

By Shaheryar A. Chishty You can’t take your eyes off your watch The minute's run away from you They never look back Stealing all the opportunities you want to pursue You can’t take your eyes off your watch As time may steal your pleasure An unstoppable robbery The chance to make memories will evanesce out of your life forever You can’t take your eyes off your watch The sun will leave you in the dark Descending so quickly Replaced by a hoary arc You can’t take your eyes off your watch Like an echo time fades No matter how hard you try to chase it Time always evades You can’t take your eyes off your watch The hour hand will never move in reverse You can never go back Make most of your time in this universe

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Pork Gelatine Use In NHS Vaccines The use of pork gelatine in three vaccines used by the NHS has been branded "disappointing" by the Vegetarian Society. It said that the use of animal ingredients in medicines is "upsetting".

Porcine gelatine is derived from pigs and used in vaccines against flu, shingles, measles, mumps and rubella.

Public Health England said the gelatine is used as a stabiliser and developing an alternative "may never happen". The government agency said the gelatine is "highly purified" and manufactured under "strict hygiene and safety regulations". A spokeswoman for Public Heath England said the gelatine helps to keep the vaccine viruses stable "to provide the best protection against flu".

The Vegetarian Society said there should be "vegetarian and vegan versions of all medicines and vaccines".

The three vaccines which contain porcine gelatine are: Fluenz Tetra - a nasal spray vaccine which protects children against flu MMR VaxPro - a jab which protects against measles, mumps and rubella Zostavax - an injection to protect adults against shingles All three are used across the UK as part of the national immunisation programme.

Zostavax and Fluenz Tetra were first introduced on the NHS in 2013, while MMR VaxPro was first used in 2008.

The Muslim Council of Britain said the vaccines are not permitted in Islam unless lives are at risk and there are no alternatives. Dr Shuja Shafi, the chairman of the council's research and documentation committee, said: "There should be more work towards an alternative. "We should be trying to find a long-term solution. The needs of the people must be met."

Dr Shafi advised anyone concerned about the use of gelatine in vaccines to consult a medical practitioner

and make an "informed decision".

Mark Frazer, from the Office of the Chief Rabbi, said vaccines containing porcine gelatine are not an issue for the Jewish community because they are not ingested.

A spokeswoman from Public Health England said the nasal flu vaccination is not mandatory and the decision is "one for parents alone". "We recognise that there is still some uncertainty among some groups about the acceptability of the nasal spray. "We will continue to monitor these concerns and consider them carefully."

Public Health England said there are injectable flu vaccines that do not contain pork gelatine, but these are

slightly "less effective" than the nasal vaccine because they may require two doses and do less to reduce the spread of flu. Therefore they should only be offered as an alternative for children and adults "who are at high risk of the complications of flu" and who refuse the recommended first choice vaccine.

A gelatine-free vaccine is available for measles, mumps and rubella but there is no such alternative for the shingles vaccine Zostavax.

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‘Black Day’ Observed Against Indian Occupation Of Kashmir Kashmiris observed ‘Black Day’ on October 27th, on both sides of the Line of Control (LoC) and other parts of the world to mark the Indian occupation of the valley.

During the day, various social and political organizations rallied to demonstrate against the Indian occupation over Kashmir.

Indian troops entered Kashmir on this day in 1947.

President Arif Alvi and Prime Minister Imran Khan in their separate messages reiterated their continued diplomatic and political support for the cause of the Kashmiri people. The president paid homage to the sacrifices of the Kashmiri people and reaffirmed his support for their lawful right to self-determination. He said the Unit-

ed Nations Security Council through several of its resolutions has validated the Kashmiris’ right to decide their future through a fair and impartial plebiscite.

Imran Khan also reiterated his commitment for the cause. He said the day marked a tragedy in the history of South Asia, and called for immediate implementation of the recommendation to set up a UN Commission of Inquiry to investigate human rights abuses by the Indian forces.

Prime Minister of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Raja Farooq Haider on the occasion said the Kashmiris’ struggle for freedom cannot be suppressed. The day was observed with a complete shutdown in the Indian occupied Kashmir and rallies in several world capitals.

The Japanese Passport Is Now The Strongest In The World The Japanese passport is now the strongest in the world, overtaking Singapore, according to research released last month.

According to the 2018 Henley Passport Index, Japanese citizens can travel without a visa or gain a visa on arrival in 190 destinations – the most globally. The Japanese passport overtook the Singapore passport, which allows travel to 189 destinations without a prior visa, after gaining visafree access to Myanmar earlier this year.

Third place is shared with Germany, South Korea and France with its citizens able to enter 188 countries without a prior visa. France and South Korea jumped to third place after gaining visafree access to Uzbekistan and Myanmar respectively.

The UK and the US, both with 186 destinations open to their citizens, slid from fourth to fifth place in this year's ranking, as neither can access any new country without a visa since the start of this year. In 2015, the UK and the US passports were most powerful.

At the other end of the spectrum, Iraq and Afghanistan continue to hold the bottom (106th)

spot. Citizens of both countries can only access 30 destinations without getting a visa first.

Meanwhile, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) came in at 21st place, up from 62nd place in 2006, making it the most powerful passport in the Middle East.

Two of the biggest countries in the world, Russia and China, stayed in broadly similar positions.

Russia, which fell from 46th to 47th place, had a short-term boost when in September Taiwan announced that it would offer a visa waiver programme for its nationals, valid until next July.

China fell two places to 71, although its citizens gained entry to St Lucia and Myanmar without a prior visa.

The Henley Passport Index, a global ranking of the world’s passports according to the number of destinations holders can access without a prior visa, is based on data from the International Air Transport Association (Iata).

The passport rankings come as British citizens are waiting for clarity over whether they will be able to travel visa-free within the EU after 29 March 2019.

Why Do We Change The Clocks?

World’s Largest Airport To Open In Istanbul Dubbed as phase-1A of the project – Istanbul Airport – will have a capacity to handle 90 million passenger per year, making it the largest such facility in the world.

The new infrastructure facility after Atatürk Airport and Sabiha Gökçen Airport both in Istanbul was named on October 29 which marks the Republic Day of Turkey.

Air transport operations would be shifted from capacity-constrained Atatürk Airport to the new facility by the end of December.

Overall the first phase has cost 7.5 billion Euros. The airport has been envisioned to have a total capacity of up to 200 million passengers, once all four phases are completed in the next 10 years.

The new terminal once fully functional by Decembers end will allow passengers to use its five

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pier blocks as well as 77 boarding gates and 143 aero-bridges.

The new airport is located near the Black Sea coast on the Europe side of Istanbul. It features two runways, while 114 narrow body aircraft can dock with the terminal building at the same time.

The new facility will serve as a major aviation hub globally and give a boost to logistics and tourism sector of Turkey. The new airport is also slated to become Turkish Airlines’ new hub.

Currently, the Star Alliance member airline flies to 304 destinations globally, consisting of 255 international and 49 domestic destinations, with a fleet of 326 (passenger and cargo) aircraft. It is expected that the airline will use the maximum capacity at the new airport and have 5 passenger lounges.

It's that time of year again where we turn the clocks backwards and all get one hour more in bed!

The clocks went backward on Sunday 28th October 2018 at 2am – when you werel probably be fast asleep tucked up in bed when it happened!

When the clocks change like this, we are moving from what is called British Summer Time (BST) - also known as Daylight Saving Time (DST) or GMT+1 - back to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

Whose idea was it to change the clocks?

An American politician and inventor called Benjamin Franklin first came up with the idea while in Paris in 1784. He suggested that if people got up earlier, when it was lighter, then it would save on candles.

But it arrived in the UK after Coldplay singer Chris Martin's great-great-grandfather, a builder called William Willett, thought it was a good idea too.

In 1907, he published a leaflet called The Waste of Daylight, encouraging people to get out of bed earlier. Willett was a keen golfer and he got cross when his games would be cut short because the Sun went down and there wasn't enough light to carry on playing.

When did we start changing our clocks?

The idea of moving the clocks forwards and back-

wards was discussed by the government in 1908, but many people didn't like it so it wasn't made a law. Willett spent his life trying to convince people that it was a good idea, but it was only introduced in the UK in 1916 - a year after he died.

It was actually first introduced by the Germans in World World One, just before the UK did it. During World War Two, the UK actually used what was called British Double Summer Time (BDST), when the clocks were ahead by an extra hour during the summer. But this didn't last for very long.

Now, the UK's clocks always go back by one hour on the last Sunday in October and forward by one hour on the last Sunday in March. Moving clocks like this is now done in some countries across the world, but many still don't do this.

What do people think of it?

Many people have different opinions about whether we should change our clocks like this.

Some think having BST is a good thing because it saves energy, by making better use of natural daylight, and helps to reduce traffic accidents. Others don't like it because they argue that it doesn't actually save any energy, and it can make it darker when children are going to school in the morning, which can be dangerous. They also think it is not very good for our health.

Khan Chairs Meeting To Discuss Overseas Pakistanis’ Problems Pakistan PM Imran Khan on Friday chaired a meeting to discuss the problems faced by overseas Pakistanis.

The PM said that the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) government would be announcing a special package of incentives to encourage the overseas Pakistanis to send remittances through banking channels by removing all hindrances and procedural issues.

Imran Khan was briefed by the special assistant for overseas Pakistanis ministry, Zulfi Bukhari.

“Problems that the overseas Pakistanis are facing should be resolved immediately,” directed PM Imran Khan.

The PM also said that the overseas Pakistanis are the asset of the country. He added that the government was also moving to remove hassles overseas Pakistanis confront at immigration when they come to Pakistan.

Reassuring his support to country nationals living abroad, he underlined, “Our govt is also going to ensure protection for the Overseas Pakistanis’ properties and land especially from land mafias.”

Earlier, in a series of tweets, the Prime Minister stated, “Inshallah, by removing these hindrances, we would be able to increase remittance flows from $20 billion to at least $30 billion & perhaps even $40 billion through banking channels.”

He added by saying that our mission abroad have also been directed to look after and deal effectively with the concerns of our overseas Pakistanis. Imran Khan said that the government was also going to ensure protection for the overseas Pakistanis’ properties and land especially from land.

Page 17

The Last Days Of The Great War At the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918 bugles across Europe sounded the end of a war that left some 10 million soldiers dead.

Hopes for a ceasefire had been growing for weeks with German troops — under pressure from an unrelenting Allied offensive — withdrawing from Flanders and most of occupied France.

At last, it came: at 11:00 am on November 11, 1918, amid the mud and fallen leaves of a grey European winter, World War I was over.

Here is an overview of the last days of the Great War. Berlin calls for talks On October 3 Germany’s emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II, appoints as chancellor Prince Max of Baden who has long advocated a negotiated peace with Britain, France and the United States.

The very next day the new chancellor telegraphs the US president, Woodrow Wilson, to call for talks.

The Allies demand Germany’s unconditional surrender and the Kaiser’s abdication.

Pressure builds on Berlin. German forces, their spring offensive long exhausted, are beating a disorderly retreat.

On November 3, German ally Austria-Hungary capitulates and signs an armistice.

German negotiators enter France Tensions mount in Germany as naval forces mutiny at Kiel and a general strike is called on No-

vember 5.

French officers, meanwhile, receive the order to allow safe passage of top German diplomats into Allied territory.

On November 7, at 8:30 pm, a ceasefire is sounded at La Capelle in northern France, near the Belgium border.

It is the first in more than 50 months of war and allows the German delegation, led by minister of state Matthias Erzberger, to cross into an Allied zone.

The diplomats take a train to a secluded forest clearing near Compiegne to meet Allied forces commander General Ferdinand Foch.

Kaiser abdicates Foch receives the German delegates at 9:00 am on November 8 in a train parked in a railway siding in the forest.

He asks if they are ready for an armistice. An aide reads out a list of terms fixed by the Allies at Versailles four days earlier.

At the request of the delegation, a messenger is sent to German forces commander Marshal Paul von Hindenburg in Belgium for his authorisation to sign an armistice.

By the time the envoy arrives, on November 9, the Kaiser has abdicated, with the German Revolution under way.

Armistice signed Night has fallen on the forest clearing when the messenger returns, on November 10, with the

commander’s permission.

Negotiations resume. For three more hours the Germans argue, clause by clause.

Eventually there is a final version: by 5:20 am on November 11, the armistice ending a war started four years earlier has been signed in a train carriage in the woods.

The news reaches the troops quickly, received with disbelief. Some commanders decide to continue fighting to the bitter end; others will not risk any further lives.

On the stroke of 11:00 am the ceasefire agreed just hours earlier is sounded by bugles and clarions along the hundreds of kilometres (miles) of front line that stretch across Europe.

Soldiers gradually emerge from the trenches, stunned.

War is over Celebrations erupt in the capitals of the Allied victors.

Civilians pour into the streets, thronging the Place de la Concorde in Paris, Piccadilly Circus in London, New York’s Fifth Avenue the Piazza Venezia in Rome.

Church bells ring out at full peal and people dance in the streets. In French ports, soldiers from the United States, Australia and other far-away lands parade under their national flags.

The Great War — which had drawn in some 30 nations and their colonies, and mobilised around 70 million soldiers — is over.

The final peace treaty will be signed in Versailles in June 1919.

Nearly 10 million soldiers lie dead, along with another 10 million civilians. Much of Europe is ruins.

German humiliation, blame In Germany there is relief but also humiliation and anger. The Kiel mutiny spreads and there are deadly revolts across the country.

The generals blame politicians for defeat, saying they were “stabbed in the back” on the home front.

It is a notion taken up by ultranationalist parties and is a key refrain of one Adolf Hitler.

Born Of 1857 War, The British Legacy Of Divide And Rule Still Holds Sway In India, Pakistan Today The colonial state not only bribed Punjab’s former aristocrats but created a religious divide among soldiers to quell the mutiny The war of 1857 had caught the colonial officers in Punjab by surprise. John Lawrence, the chief commissioner of Punjab, had heard about the sepoys’ disgruntlement in North India and Bengal but without giving it much thought, he left for Rawalpindi from Lahore, on his way to the hill station of Murree. He believed that Punjab was far away from Bengal and would not be impacted by the war. Like several other British officers, he had severely miscalculated the situation. A couple of days later, news of the sepoys reaching Delhi and setting European homes on fire reached him in Rawalpindi, spurring him into action.

There was deep concern in colonial circles that Punjab was precariously positioned. The British had annexed the province only eight years ago after some fierce battles with Sikh soldiers. Soon after the annexation, the proud Khalsa soldiers had been rendered unemployed. Many of them had reportedly been reduced to beggars in the outskirts of Lahore. Thus, there was a sizable body of disempowered Sikh soldiers who would have liked to see the overthrow of a new state.

The aristocrats of the Lahore Durbar had not fared much better under the new regime. Even though many of them had gone out of their way to express their loyalty to the British, they were nonetheless stripped of their privileges and sources of revenue. Motivated by an evangelist zeal, what can also be referred to as “white man’s burden”, Lawrence earnestly believed that these “feudals” who held vast tracts of property and controlled the lives of thousands of peasants living on these lands were like parasites, and the responsibility of a new, modern state was to remove them and redistribute this land among the peasants. In the years following the annexation, the majority of these former aristocrats, once powerful members of the Lahore Durbar, were denuded as not only their political positions but also their land was taken away.

In the wake of the war of 1857, the British, therefore, had powerful enemies in Punjab and Lawrence was quick to realise that a minor spark could

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result in a massive upheaval in the province. With the rest of North India up in arms against the British, a rebellion in Punjab would have most likely heralded the end of the “Glorious Empire”.

Institution of feudalism It is in this context the British laid the foundation of two new policies that would in the years to come define British rule in India. On the advice of his aide, Nihal Singh Chachi, Lawrence decided to reach out to the former Sikh aristocrats. Through their experience in Oudh – where, like Punjab, the aristocrats had been stripped of their privileges – the British had learned that despite their diminished political and economic condition, many of these aristocrats still held sway over the local population. After the breaking of the war, many of these aristocrats, who had nothing to lose, threw their weight behind the “rebels”. The populace followed the aristocrats in rising against the British.

For their support against the “rebel soldiers”, Lawrence promised the aristocrats an opportunity to get back their economic and political positions.

The aristocrats readily responded. Many joined the British to curb the rebellion in Delhi and other parts of North India. For their loyalty, they were given land, titles and other honours.

A new colonial state that emerged after the war understood the significance of these aristocrats.

They realised that despite their exploitative relationship with the peasants, they commanded much respect and, hence, could serve as an effective conduit between the state and the populace. Thus, in the aftermath of 1857, the British propped up the institution of feudalism to help them tighten their grip over the country. It remains a powerful institution in Pakistan to this day with a strong hold over the Pakistani state.

Capture of the last Mughal The war of 1857 also laid the foundation of the “divide and rule” policy of the British. The eclectic nature of the rebellion, in which soldiers from not only different geographical regions but also diverse religious backgrounds came together, had made the colonial state realise that it must prop up differences between religious groups to circumvent a similar situation in the future.

As soldiers in Delhi gravitated towards Bahadur

Shah Zafar, the last Mughal king, the colonial officers in Punjab, who were now readily employing the former soldiers of the Khalsa Empire, began exploiting complicated Mughal-Sikh relations. In 1606, Mughal Emperor Jahangir had executed Guru Arjan in Lahore. In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi. The Sikh gurus and Mughal forces are also said to have fought numerous battles.

While these executions represent the bitter ties

the executions of their gurus by attacking Delhi with the help of the “white man”. After the capture of Delhi, Captain William Hodson, even after having promised safe conduct to the Mughal princes, shot and killed two of them in front of his Sikh soldiers. He then ordered their bodies to be displayed at the same spot in Delhi where Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed. After the incident, Hodson came to be known as “avenger of the martyred guru”.

Captain William Hodson’s capture of the King of Delhi Bahadur Shah Zafar in 1857 between the Sikh gurus and the Mughals, there is another aspect to the Mughal-Sikh relationship represented by cordial relations between Guru Amar Das and Emperor Akbar, Guru Har Rai and Prince Dara Shikoh. There is also historical evidence to suggest that a rapprochement had occurred between Guru Hargobind and Emperor Jahangir.

Deliberately underplaying the latter and playing up the former, the British sought to inspire the Sikh soldiers in the newly raised regiments to ransack Delhi, the symbol of Mughal authority. The fact that Bahadur Shah Zafar had been raised as the head of the rebellion was also used to incite the soldiers.

A prophecy was spread through the ranks of the soldiers that the Sikhs would be able to avenge

The war of 1857 and the colonial state’s success in creating differences between religious groups allowed the British to institutionalise these policies in the years to come. In the Army, soldiers were encouraged to maintain their religious purity. Similarly, through education, historical differences and antagonisms were reframed to heighten a sense of communal identity. In this context, it comes as no surprise that communalism first reared its head in the urban centres of British India, among the educated circles. In many ways, it remains predominant in urban areas. While the colonial state has been replaced, the institutions it created to perpetuate its existence are very much in place both in India and in Pakistan.

Haroon Khalid

Page 18

The Long War On TB It kills millions of people and is carried by a quarter of humans, yet there have been just a handful of new drugs in decades and the only vaccine is a century old.

Tuberculosis, a curable and preventable lung infection, killed more than 1.6 million people last year — almost as many as HIV/AIDS and malaria combined — and is the world’s deadliest infectious disease.

But despite possessing the knowhow to treat it, and even how much it would cost to eradicate, global efforts to rid humankind of one of its oldest illnesses lag behind other public health drives. TB has been killing millions of people for thousands of years and it’s a slow-moving disease.

The World Health Organization says 10 million people developed tuberculosis in 2017 and global infection rates, while declining, remain stubbornly high.

But this year has seen several breakthroughs, including trials of a new vaccine and a pill that shows astonishing success against drug-resistant forms of the bug, which experts say are cause for optimism.

More than 3000 scientists, activists and disease survivors gathered recently in The Hague for an annual conference on lung health that was dominated by advances in the battle against tuberculosis. Several countries, including South Africa and Belarus showed that a new drug, bedaquiline, was consistently successful in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis — in some cases curing 80 percent.

Previously, those suffering from multidrug-resistant TB would have to undergo an eight-month course of excruciating injections, often several times a day and with severe side effects, including hearing loss in around half of patients.

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Cervical screening: Millions missing smear tests About three million women across England have not had a smear test for at least three-and-a-half years.

GPs are trying to improve take-up rates as figures show up to half of women under 50 in some areas have not had a cervical screening in the recommended time frame. Screening rates are at their lowest for two decades.

Public Health England said it was "concerned" by the fall.

A further million women aged 50 to 64 have not had a smear test for at least five and a half years. About 72% of women aged 25 to 64 have had a smear test within the period recommended for their age, according to figures compiled in March 2017. This is down from 75.4% in 2012.

A total of 220,000 British women are diagnosed with cervical abnormalities each year and there were 854 deaths from cervical cancer in England in 2016.

Cervical screening detects abnormal cells on the entrance to the womb.

The NHS target is for 80% of women aged 25 to 49 to be tested every three years and the same proportion aged 50 to 64 to be

screened every five years.

Why have so many women not received a screening?

Experts put it down to embarrassment, a lack of awareness or just putting it off.

A survey of 2,017 women by the charity Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust suggested young women were embarrassed to attend smear tests.

Dr Laura Marlow from University College London conducted research into cervical cancer screenings and said ethnicity also played "an important role". "We found that women from ethnic minority groups were more likely to be unaware of screening and older women were more likely to have decided not to go," she said. "Under-

standing these patterns will help us to decide how interventions might be shaped differently for different types of non-attenders."

However, she added: "I think we have to be careful about saying that ethnicity contributes to the absolute numbers because it is only a part of the picture."

PHE, alongside charities including Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust, the NHS and local authorities, are concerned about the fall in women taking the test. They say, "Currently 72% of women have cervical screening and we're working together to ensure that every woman knows what the test is about and to make it easy to attend screening appointments."

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Late Asma Jahangir Awarded UN Rights Prize Leading lawyer and human rights defender, Asma Jahangir , has posthumously been awarded United Nations Human Rights Prize 2018 and has become the fourth Pakistani having won this prize.

The Pakistanis who won this award in previous decades were Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan in 1978, former prime minister Benazir Bhutto in 2008 and Malala Yousafzai in 2013.

Asma Jahangir was awarded this prize along with human rights activist Rebeca Gyumi from Tanzania and activist for the rights of indigenous communities, Joênia Wapichana Joênia Wapichana from Brazil. This UN prize is given in recognition of outstanding achievements in human rights.

Moniza Jahangir, daughter of Asma Jahangir , said it was a historic moment for Pakistan and human rights defenders across the country. “Although it is a challenging time for human rights defenders, the UN award gives immense encouragement, solace and hope to continue the good work in our country,” Moniza said.

She said it will be decided in a few days as to who will receive the UN award in New York on behalf of her late mother.

The human rights community in Pakistan has expressed happiness over the announcement of the award.

The award was started in 1968 and this is the 10th prize, coinciding with the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

It is noteworthy that previous winners included American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, South African leader Nelson Mandela who ended racial discrimination in his country by establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and former US President Jimmy Carter. Other winners of the award in previous years are American politician Eleanor Roosevelt, Congo-

31 WICKER, SHEFFIELD, S3 8HS lese gynaecologist, Denis Mukwege, Amnesty International and the International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC).

The award ceremony for the 2018 Prize will be held at UN Headquarters in New York in December 2018.

Asma Jahangir (1952-2018) was Pakistan’s leading human rights activist and lawyer. She defended the rights of women, children, religious minorities and the poor for three decades and won very complicated legal cases.

Asma’s daughter Sulema Jahangir who is also a lawyer said, “We are very proud of our mother.”

“For her, human rights were not a job, but a conviction; it was her life,” Sulema said.

“Had she been with us now, she would have been the first to rise for free and fair elections, non-interference of judiciary in politics and against enforced disappearances of journalists and others,” she said. “Asma’s work continues at her firm, AGHS Legal Aid Cell, where a 17-member legal team works for the protection and promotion of equality and rights for all,” Sulema added.

Hafiz, JUD, FiF No Longer On Banned Outfits’ List Mumbai terror attack mastermind Hafiz Saeed’s Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD) and the Falah-i-Insaniyat Foundation (FIF) have fallen off the list of banned outfits after the presidential ordinance that proscribed them under a UN resolution lapsed.

During a hearing of a petition filed by Saeed, his counsel informed the Islamabad High Court that the presidential ordinance had lapsed and it had never been extended.

Deputy Attorney General Raja Khalid Mehmood Khan confirmed that the ordinance had lapsed.

The petitioner had challenged the ordinance under which his organisations had been banned for being on the watch list of the UN Security Council.

In February, former President Mamnoon Hussain promulgated an ordinance amending the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997, with regards to proscription of terrorist individuals and organisations to include entities listed by the UN Security Council – in a move to declare JuD and FIF as

proscribed groups.

Saeed contended in the petition that he established JuD in 2002 and cut off all ties with the banned Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), but India continued to malign JuD for its past association with the terror outfit.

The petitioner said he was kept in detention in 2009 and 2017 due to India’s pressure. He added that the UN Security Council had passed a resolution against JuD after which the government of Pakistan put it on the watch list. The JuD chief termed it against the sovereignty of Pakistan that an ordi¬na¬nce was issued to ban his organisation.

According to a list updated on September 5 on the National Counter Terrorism Authority’s website, 66 organisations have been banned in the country and JuD and FIF were not among them.

However, the two Hafiz Saeed-linked organisations were “under watch by the Ministry of Interior”.

First Pakistani Will Go Into Space In 2022 Pakistan’s first space mission has been planned for 2022 as approved by the Pakistan PM. Pakistan Information Minister; Fawad Chaudhry made the pledge at the recent federal cabinet meeting.

An agreement between Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) and a Chinese company has already been signed, said Chaudhry.

Earlier this year, Pakistan launched two indigenously-built satellites into orbit, using a Chi-

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nese launch vehicle. These were launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in China.

One of the satellites was a remote sensing satellite (PRSS1) — a dual-purpose Earth observational and optical satellite. With the PRSS1, Pakistan became one of the few countries to have its own remote sensing satellite in the orbit.

The second test satellite was a PAK-TES-1A, developed by SUPARCO to enhance satellite manufacture capabilities in the country.

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Pak Army Team Wins Gold In Cambrian Patrol Exercise An 11-member team of Pakistan Army has won gold medal in the world’s toughest Cambrian Patrol competition held in Wales. The team comprised soldiers from a battalion of Northern Light Infantry from Gilgit-Baltistan, the ISPR said in a statement.

On the whole, 134 teams from 31 countries participated in the two-weeks-long competition that started on October 8.

Cambrian Patrol is a mission and task-oriented patrolling exercise of 48 hours The largest of its kind, the exercise sees troops cover miles of the Brecon Beacons and face all sorts of terrain on their two-day patrol.

Cambrian Patrol is both physically and mentally challenging. Soldiers face a 75-metre river crossing with approximately 50 pounds worth of kit each and long marches.

While it's not a competition, points are added or deducted depending on performance and on average, only five percent of patrols gain the top award.

Some foreign entrants have to claim the right to take part in the exercise by winning through their own domestic competition.

This year’s event has seen 131 patrols entered into the mix, including five overseas armies taking part for the first time, with soldiers from Armenia, Uzbekistan, United Arab Emirates, the Philippines and Moldova.

The Pakistan Army won the gold medal for the fourth time. Capt Usman Afzaf said: "We have a great focus in this challenging patrol. (...)

"We can prepare with the motivation, the dedication and show the professionalism of our army, so that we will be able to understand the mechanism of other armies."

They were joined by troops representing armies from Georgia, Switzerland, Albania, Denmark, Italy, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Lithuania, Chile, Brazil, Pakistan, Mexico, Nepal, New Zealand, Ireland, Serbia, Czech Republic, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Ukraine, Spain and France.

Muniba Mazari and Imran Khan Are Amongst World’s 500 Most Influential Muslims Pakistan is full of educated and determined individuals who want to bring a positive change in the country and play their role in positive portrayal of the country. With the latest list of the World's 500 Most Influential Muslims recently released, it is exciting to view not one but two Pakistani names which surely deserved to be there.

So who are they? Well one is the cricketer turned politician and now our Prime Minister Imran Khan and the other happens to be a woman who has is true picture of beauty with brains, Muniba Mazari.

After losing her legs in a car accident, Muniba is an inspiration for many as her zest for life despite being wheelchair-bound is immense.

She has many achievements like she's an acclaimed writer, artist, singer, an activist and above all a true motivational speaker - so to be included in such a prestigious list is indeed an honour and that too a well deserved one.

Prepared annually by the Jordan-based Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre, the book World 500 Most Influential Muslims has been published in Jordan's capital Amman since 2009 and its 10th edition for this year 2019 was published this month.

The likes of Turkish President Erdogan and King of Saudia Arabia, King Salman bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, are also included in the prestigious list. HIP would like to congratulate Muniba and Imran Khan on making it to the

list which is respected in the whole world and we hope to see the two in many more such lists in the future as well.

According to the list titled ‘World’s Most Influential Muslims’, PM Khan has secured the 29th spot in the prestigious list, prepared annually by the Jordan-based Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre.

The list also contains three other Pakistanis, which are; Justice Sheikh Muhammad Taqi Usmani, who is on the 6th; Haji Muhammad Abdul-Wahhab, emir of Tablighi Jamaat on 14th; and Maulana Tariq Jameel, religious scholar on the 40th spot.

However, in the list of Muslim rulers and politicians, PM Khan is ranked on 15th.

Sana Mir Tops ICC Women’s ODI Rankings ranking.

Pakistan’s star bowler and former capSana Mir thanked her friends, family PCB, tain Sana Mir has moved to the top of and ICC for their support. She specially ICC women’s ODI rankings. She has been mentioned coach of the national side a consistent performer for the national Mark Coles. Pakistan's bowling coach team in recent years and captained the Azhar Mehmood, experienced opener team for a long time.

Mohammad Hafeez, fast bowler Hasan While, Pakistan were whitewashed by Ali congratulated her on this tremenAustralia in the recent series, Sana Mir dous achievement. This moment was was the highest wicket taker with 7 wickalso shared by her team mates as Bisma ets. It was inspired performance one of top women’s side in the cricket world. With the series Maroof, Javeria Khan, Syeda Nain Abidi and Asmavia win, Australia also reached the top of the women’s ODI Iqbal also shared their delight on her achievement.

Turkey on the New Path In the last few days the situation in Turkey has been at its very worst, once again as the result of an attempted military coup. There was a battle between the two main groups, military attacks on the office of head of the police and bombs in certain places to create harassment in public places. During the riots more than four hundred people were killed. Am appeal by Recep Tayyap to the public against the military coup led to people coming onto the streets and rushing at those who were seeking revolution. It is said those people were connected to the self exiled Turkish religious leader Fateh Ullah Gulen, who now lives in the United States. Later on the Turkish Foreign Office blamed the US that as a great power it pushed this coup in order to cause disturbance in the country. But the US refused to admit they had any hand whatsoever in these events.

The somewhat fortunate Recep Tayyip Erdogan overcame this situation with the help of the police and the people, and so the army failed to take charge of Turkey again. Even according to the Turkish constitution, in case of any disturbance in the country, the army can force the civil government to abdicate and so take charge. Tussles between the ruling authorities started in 1923, when Turkey was made a Republic and religious forces were suppressed. Secularism was introduced into public affairs. Every kind of religious reality was eliminated. Even traditional garments

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like the Ottoman cap and the headscarf were forbidden. The law became one sided, pleasing only the minority known as Kamalists. The basis of modern Turkey was not agreed respecting the wishes of everyone and as a result resentment remained among certain groups in the country. This has for some time provided the fuel for Turkish people to protest for their fundamental rights, but these have often been crushed with the use of power. However, opposition forces have continued to resist the powers that be.

The government of Necmettin Erbakan collapsed after a great tussle due to the army's threat to the elected civil government because of the questions raised in the National Assembly of Turkey on the subject of generals receiving bribes as a commission for buying arms from US companies. This had infuriated the army.

At that time, it was thought that the army would take charge of Turkey once again and the efforts of promoting democracy and creating a free atmosphere would be disrupted. However, Erbakan resigned and saved the civil government. Power was given to the socialist democratic leader Bluent Acivit in order to appease the aversion of the military. At the same time Recep fell into the trap of his opponent, during his speech in Diyarbakar, when he was Mayor of Istanbul. In the speech he said, after pointing his finger towards mosque minarets, that these were our 'sungus' ( arches ).

It was suggested by his opponent that as an office bearer of the Turkish government he had broken the country's secular rules and regulations by

raising his religious sentiments. A case was lodged against him in the said city and he was advised to face it in the courts. He was prevented from entering his office in Istanbul, expelled from the Refah party and was declared disqualified from his post of Mayor. After appearing in court, he was sentenced to three months in jail and had imposed a five year sanction on taking part in party politics.

Later, after being acquitted, he formed a new party named 'AK'. He also went to the grave of Mustafa Kamal Pasha to show his loyalty to the constitution and the country. After the election in which he came to power, he began to take many steps towards realising his ideas. A huge problem was that when Turkey was declared a republic in 1923, it became a modern, secular state. For example, the Imam Hatip schools were eliminated.

In the case of any religious movements these were brutally suppressed by the government.

Even the first civil government of Adnan Mandres was dissolved and the leader, along with his companions, was hanged. Mervi Kavakci became a member of the Turkish parliament, but when she entered she was stopped at the gate and told that first she should take off her headscarf. This left an indelible imprint on Turkish society and even the whole western world, including the US, greatly criticized the Turkish military government.

So when Recep came to power again, he knew the history relating to the attitude of the army and secular forces. First of all, he made a new law with the help of members of parliament and lifted

Dr I.A.Kardar / Fiteh Ozcelik the sanctions so allowing him to become a member of parliament again. Then he took charge of the country as prime minister. Gradually, he tried to change many things which the old secular system opposed. He made a law in favour of allowing the headscarf and winning the right of covered women to gain admission to universities, colleges and schools. It was also forbidden for army men to pray, but slowly he introduced reforms to permit them to do so. There were secular groups in the army, political leadership and in civil society.

He gradually cleansed them, but there remains much resistance to his government. This resistance by secular groups, should it develop again, may have worse results than what happened in 1960-1961, when Adnan Mandres was hanged with his companions.

With great suffering and disturbance the nation passed through a very baneful and hard time, after waiting a long time to be able to practise their religion, cults, customs and traditions freely. The fashionable woman and their families exclaimed loudly that it was not appropriate to change the country's secular constitution, yet Recep said they had no need to worry as they could continue to live just as in the past. His bold steps towards modifying the secular constitution have really been injurious. But struggling forces are also opportunities to gain more results in favour of all the Turkish people as they try to make significant changes to their homeland. In any case, only time will tell for the future of Turkey.

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