Liu Fengyuan Portfolio-UCL UD

PORTFOLIO

Selected work from 2020-2023 Apply for University College London Urban Design MArch 2024 Fall

Fengyuan Liu Graduating student in Landscape Gardening at Beijing Forestry University

CONTENTS PROJECT 1

LINE OF WIND TIDE DEFENCE

ENDANGERED SITE

DATE: 05/2023-07/2023

PROJECT 2

OYSTER ACROSS THE SEA

L Scale

Individual

POLLUTED SITE

DATE: 09/2022-11/2022

PROJECT 3

AFTER THE SAND BASIN

M Scale

Individual

ERODED SITE

DATE: 03/2022-05/2022

PROJECT 4

BETWEEN THE DRUM TOWERS

ABANDONDED SITE

PROJECT 5 & MORE

S Scale

DATE: 07/2022-09/2022 S Scale

Individual

Individual

OTHER WORKS FROM SCHOOL DATE: 09/2020-09/2023

01

Location: Miami, The United States

A windbreak landscape along the coast of Miami

Time: 05/2023-07/2023

LINE OF WIND TIDE DEFENCE

"The relationship between architecture and the environment is not only aesthetic but also an ecological responsibility. Through ecological transformation, we can create architectural landscapes that harmonize with nature."

——Ken Yeang

Instructor: JinShi Zhang, Ming Sun

Discription:This project aimed to counter wind and wave challenges, rising sea levels, and wastewater circulation issues along Florida's east coast.

SEA LEVEL RISING & STORMWATER FLOODING ISSUE IN FLORIDA COAST Sea level along the U.S. coastline is projected to rise, on average, 10 - 12 inches (0.25 - 0.30 meters) in the next 30 years (2020 - 2050), which will be as much as the rise measured over the last 100 years (1920 - 2020). Sea level rise will vary regionally along U.S. coasts because of changes in both land and ocean height.

Sea Level

City Area

Rise Rising sea levels inundate parts of the lower elevations, causing land to shrink.

Cyclone

Marine Organism Temperature Cyclone cause sea temperatures to rise and change the ecology of the ocean, which can kill some Marine life.

Wind Tide

People Danger

Boca Raton

+

Storm surges, if not properly protected during their passage, can lead to coastal casualties.

+

Homestead

Marathon 2100

+

2080

+22%

+

2060

+14%

+10%

Miami

+

Key Largo

+

+1.06m +0.70m

2040

2020

2000 +0.43m

+6%

+3%

+

+1%

2100 2080 2060

+0.23m

2040

36.2 inches-2080 Sea Level Rise

Land Area Change in South Florida

Projected Increase in Sea Level Rise in East U.S. Coast

Fort Lauderdale Hollywood +

Key West

36.2 inches-2080 Sea Level Rise 24.8 inches-2060 Sea Level Rise 12.2 inches-2040 Sea Level Rise Affected urban area

+

Main City Estuary

0

10km

20km

40km

HISTORY AND CURRENT SITUATION ANALYSIS

Miami is located on the East coast of Florida and is affected by Atlantic hurricanes throughout the year. As global warming has intensified in recent years, long-term sea level rise has become a crisis that Miami needs to pay attention to.

Extreme weather events such as floods and hurricanes can damage fish farms. In both cool and warm regions, shellfish and salmon farms will be adversely affected by a warming climate, as fish cannot survive blooms and new pathogens brought on by higher temperatures.

Black River

Flood Zone

The floodeed areas are mostly farmland, as well as houses and airports.

Coral Gables Waterway

Hurricane Irma (2017)

Hurricanes bring waves and prolonged rainfall, which can easily cause flooding and damage.

Irma made landfall in Florida in 2017, bringing strong winds when it made landfall, which has killed at least 50 people and caused several power outages.

Groundwater infiltration

Beneath Miami is porous limestone, 30 to 40 meters deep, a bit like a sponge, and the sea can easily penetrate.

Key Biscayne

Rising sea levels and wind waves have made crossing the bridge dangerous for people seeking refuge.

Miami City

+

Great Miami River

William M Powell Bridge

Virginia Island

Dodge Island

Infrastructure damage

Inundation of urban area Shoreline erosion Sediment from farmland and forests

House Collapse

CURRENT POTENTIAL EMERGENCY

STRATEGY

OPERATION

+ WIND TIDE (instantaneous)

1ST LINE OF DEFENSE Tidal retaining wall

A FISHING GROUND

B POROUS MATERIAL

Sports trail

+ SEA LEVEL RISE (Chronic)

2ST LINE OF DEFENSE Hydrophobic protected terrain

C PLANTING SPACE

D MOTION SPACE

+ URBAN WATER POLLUTION (Chronic)

3ST LINE OF DEFENSE Ecological water cycle

E BIOSWALE

F RAIN GARDEN

MECHANISM OF PROTECTION

Breaking wave

ORDINARY:The three stages function separately.

SEA LEVEL RISE:Long-term sea level rise depends on coastal wetlands and relief from terrain.

WIND TIDE:Retaining walls above and below the surface can effectively protect against wind waves.

URBAN WATER POLLUTION:The difference in topography is used to pass

domestic water through the reservoir section, where it is purified for the first time, and then used to conserve the landscape through the wetland section.

MASTER FORMPLAN GENERATION

Car ways

Ship route

Pedestrians

refuge

Escape way & refuge

INTRO

The landscape system along the Miami coast is designed to mitigate the erosion caused by wind waves from the western Atlantic Ocean and to mitigate sea level rise.

It enriches the disaster protection system along the coast, and connects three layers of protection devices with the shape of streamline, which has a beautiful effect.

SECTIONS

Wildlife Gruidae

Anas platyrhyncho

Larus canus

Mangrove

Pinaceae

Quercus velutina Lam.

Cortaderia selloana

Typha orientalis

Nymphaea tetragona

A. cygnoides

Leporidae

Sciuridae

Perca flavescens

Thunnus

Crocodylus acutus

P. lotor

Rhododendron

A. fabri

Arecaceae

Citrus sinensis

Phragmites australis

Citrus maxima

Gleditsia sinensis

strobilus

Leucanthemum paludosum

Ficus microcarpa

Woodland

Groundcover & Shrub

Road

Pool

Quercus velutina Lam.

Pool

Pool

Phragmites australis

Pool

Magnolia grandiflora

Pool

Activity Space

Ficus microcarpa

Lawn

Pool

Hillock

Ecological Restoration Slope

Road

Road

Sea

Path

Sea

Citrus sinensis

Trees Arecaceae & Shrubs

Lowland

William M Powell Bridge

Protective Green Space

Beach

Road

Level One Defensive Dam

Wetland

Ecological Restoration Slope

Path

Fender Dam

Anas platyrhyncho

Beach

Level Two Defensive Dam

Viewing Platform Green Buffer

Green Buffer

Level One Defensive Dam

Viewing Platform

WIND WAVE DEFENSIVE SECTION 1 2 3 4

SEA LEVEL RISE MITIGATION SECTION 1

Level One Defensive Dam Level Two Defensive Dam

2

Landscape Beach

3

Grassland

4

ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION SLOPE SECTION 1

Low Tide Ramp Interior Landscape Sea Area

2

Protective Green Space

4

3

Aquaculture Area

2

1

1

2 2

4

3

3 3

Tidal surge direction

4

1

4

Tidal break direction

Typologies

Typologies

Biological catalogue Tidal surg e directio n Tidal brea k directio n

Beneficiary

Typologies

Beneficiary

Beneficiary Water dynamic

Upland Road Lowland Reservoir

Existing Cross-Sea Bridge Evacuation Exit

OUTER LAYER

Offshore Dam Against Wind & Wave

MIDDLE LAYER

INTERIOR LAYER

Coastline maintenance & Sea Level Rise Mitigation

Ecological Wetland Protection & Purification

Meadow

Beach Grass

Phase 1: Empty sand, devoid of vegetation, vulnerable to erosion by the sea

Phase 2: Dam placement Phase 3:Beach grasses and grassy shrubs are planted to conserve water and soil and slow sea level rise

The impact force of the wind wave is gradually broken through the void structure of the dam.

The roots of wetland plants have the functions of water absorption and soil retention. They help maintain the water balance of the wetland, prevent sediment deposition in the water body, and provide a stable structure for the wetland.

AERIAL VIEW

Activity setting

Three bird 's-eye views show the rich activity in the landscape.

Model：

B

C

A

Resin model showing structure

Cross-sea architecture Bridge

Terrain

Wind defense

A

Dam

B

C

02

OYSTER ACROSS THE SEA

Ecological restoration project on the border between Shenzhen and Hong Kong "The beauty of a landscape lies not only in its appearance but in its ecological functionality.

Through transformation and preservation of ecosystems, we can create more sustainable and healthier environments."

——Martha Schwartz

Ecological restoration project on the border between Shenzhen and Hong Kong Location: Lau Fau Shan, Hong Kong Instructor: XiYue Wang, Xi Zheng Time: 09/2022-11/2022 Discription:Facing multiple challenges, the area had been under scrutiny due to severe industrial pollution in the Shenzhen Bay area, decline in oyster farming, a somewhat unkempt community environment, and irregular housing arrangements.

Current Situation

OYSTER INDUSTRY ON THE SHENZHEN-HONG KONG BORDER

+ Massive waste 90% of the domestic waste can be classified into the fermentation tank to provide barbecue fuel.

Hong Kong's geographical location makes it easy for oysters to be exported to other regions.

I.Oyster shells were not used in time and piled up at will.

II.Barbecue and other recreational facilities are poor.

III.The shoreline is rudimentary and unorganized, with vast areas of silt.

IV.There are mangrove soil consolidation areas with modest success.

There is too much domestic garbage in the river beach, which seriously affects the mood of residents and the tourist flow of the surrounding towns and cities.

It would be good if it could be removed.

+ Lndigenous loss Lau Fau Shan's young labor force continues to leave, and the local oyster industry has declined.

I can not find a good job in the local, it is better to go to Shenzhen to find a job.If only it were closer to home.

SITE

Hong Kong

+ Ecological destruction

Habitat Oyster shells provide an important habitat for Marine life and protect coastal areas.

Residential area Delta region

Shenzhen

Oyster reefs have been subjected to lime excavation, reclamation and overfishing in the past few decades, and the oyster population has been greatly reduced, along with its various Marine ecological benefits.

Lau Fau Shan Comunnity

Lau Fau Shan

Oyster rafts

SITE

1875-1908 1736-1795 Artificial oyster cultivation began in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the beach around Liufaushan is a natural beach.

During the reign of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1875-1908), oyster farmers from Shajing in Shenzhen and Ha Tsuen in the New Territories jointly opened oyster fields here.

1979-1985 Since the sea in Shajing is polluted, it is no longer possible to raise oysters, so many oyster farmers in Shajing raise them in Shenzhen Bay and send them directly to Lau Fau Shan in Hong Kong to be sold.

1990-2005 Sandwiched by pollution in Hong Kong waters and sewage problems in Mainland factories, the public has lost confidence in Fau Shan oysters, and many oyster farmers have changed their jobs.

2005-2014

The oyster people built bamboo "oyster steaks" on the sea to raise oysters, which increased production because they could only eat algae all day long.

2014oyster farmers are concerned that traditional skills will be lost in the face of manpower shortage and ageing staff.

OVERALL FRAMEWORK

FUTURE VISTA STAGE I Breeding Section

STAGE III Tourism Section

STAGE II Wetland Section

Oyster

Breeding Area

Problem Locations Residential Area

ECOLOGY

Factory

Holding Pond

Main Issue& Method Domestic Water

Solid Waste

Industrial Waste

Industrial Sewage

Barbecue

Purification

Classification

Classification

Purification

Oyster Shell

Reuse Landscape Water

Recycle

Landfill

Export Material

Wetland

OPERATION

Substrate Layer Arrange oyster shells and secure

Soil cover

Infrastructure Construction

HUMANISM

Vegetation

Activity

Landscape

Exhibition

Habitat

Agricultural Production

Habitat

1 Lay oyster shells

2 Fluvial soil set

3 Settled into sand

4 Vegetation covering

1 Lay oyster shells

2 Mangrove consolidation

3 Oyster purification

4 Harmonious habitat

1 Soil cover reconstruction

2 Mangrove consolidation

3 Road connection

4 Economic ecological cycle

Education

ECONOMY Tourist Economy

Barbecue Economy

Agriculture Economy

I.Oyster farming in decline Restoring oyster reefs

Industrial waste

Water pollution

Ecological and economic recovery

II.Shoreline erosion Rebuild wetland III.Poor residential environment

MASTER PLAN

INTRO Through investigation and planning, the project rearranges oyster breeding rafts in the bay, and uses discarded oyster shells to construct landscape terrain, which can conserve ecology and the habitat of endangered animals and plants.

Terrain Sections Secondary road

Commercial BBQ area

Primary road

Topography Wetland Oyster farming area

Marine topography

Breeding system

Restoration of Oyster Culture area & Improvement of Community Economic Structure Multiple Oyster Purification Tanks Are Used to Purify or Dry Oysters by Sunlight.

Structural analysis of oyster system The oysters are purified for two weeks then will be released into the restaurant for diners to handle.

Landscape Structure of Barbecue House Translucent Landscape Glass Roof

Renewable Materials Grill

Purification Tank

Seafood Restaurant & Barbecue House Area

Landscape Path

Corrosion-proof Wooden Base

Oysters Are Farmed on Shenzhen Bay for 2-3 Years and Then Purified in The Factory.

The Construction of Oyster Breeding System Suspended Foam Platform

Oyster Breeding Cage

Buxus macrophylla

Restorative Landscape Wetland Oyster Shells Are Used to Build The Bottom Layer of Ecological Wetlands to Absorb Heavy Metal Ions from Water.

Egretta

Oyster Rafts

Offshore Arrange

Bostrychia

Raft Pattern 1

Raft Pattern 2

Pelagic Arrange

Seaweed

Oyster

Clam Oyster

Oyster Rafts For Restorative Aquaculture

OYSTER FARMING SECTION Material flow of raw oyster shells to Lau Fau Shan ecological restoration Oyster shells can purify industrial sewage

Pebble layer Sand layer

Clean Water Polluted Water

Workers collect and recycle oyster shells stage3:Oyster Farming Rafts

Oyster shell layer

Heavy metal ion

Oyster Shell

Collect oyster shells and make ecological gabion nets

Oyster stone cage buried

By hanging oyster breeding rafts on the water, the breeding density of oysters can be effectively increased and more growth space can be provided for them. It provides a sustainable resource for local fisheries.

stage1:Oyster Seeding

By placing oyster seeds on the shore or in shallow water areas, they are guided to attach and grow naturally.

stage2:Natural Oyster Growth

Oyster reefs not only filter seawater and improve water quality, but also attract fish, algae and other organisms, forming an ecologically balanced Marine environment.

+ Laminaria plexus + Coral reef

+ Riparian plants

ECOLOGICAL WETLAND SECTION Material circulation and construction process of wetland system

Lobster Shrimp

Crab

+ Anatidae

Crane

Corals and algae further purify the water

Spiral shell

Egret

Habitat

Oyster Farming

stage2:Rare animal habitat

Oyster wetlands provide rich food resources and a safe breeding environment, attracting a variety of wildlife, including birds, fish, amphibians and more.

stage3:Infrastructure construction Paved roads can not only facilitate the entry and exit of tourists and close contact with animals.

stage1:Mangrove planting

Planting mangrove saplings on the shore can achieve soil fixation, slow down the speed of water flow, reduce the erosion of sediment, and thus play a role in soil consolidation.

+ Chinese Egret + Mangrove Forest

03

AFTER THE SAND BASIN

Changsha Xiangjiang sand mining site park landscape

Changsha Xiangjiang sand mining site park landscape Location: Changsha,China Instructor: Liang Li Time: 03/2022-05/2022

"Industrial sites are the canvases of urban evolution. Their adaptive transformation is an artistic dialogue between the past and the future, shaping the city’s narrative."

——Zaha Hadid

Discription:The project aims to solve the problems of soil erosion and ecological damage left by the Xiangjiang sandmining site. It is to beautify the city and serve the residents of the community.

SITE

Land Area Change

SITE ANALYSIS The Xiangjiang River is a major sand-mining river in Hunan Province, China. Years of mining and excavation have caused geological damage and erosion of the river banks.

Along the river, vegetation is scarce and soil erosion is serious, which is in urgent need of reconstruction.

2011.2

Low flow speed

2008.2

Unidirectional circulation

2002.2

Due to sediment mining leads to water and soil flow, ecological damage, water flow depletion, available water shortage.

LOCATION

The river banks downstream have accumulated too much sediment. What if there is a flood ？

+

Sediment accumulation

+ +

Walking on the shore will worry about landslides with less and less sand, if only we had more vegetation to solidify the soil.

City area River affected area Erision area Sediment accumulated area

River channel erosion

I Raw material acquisition

II Raw material processing UNIT I

The rivers of the last century were clean and tidy, and served as habitats

Ecological filter cage unit

Excavated sand UNIT II Factory processing

Long - term irregular mining leads to potholes in the riverbed and produces excess waste sediment

Preserve the site to commemorate culture and stimulate vitality.

Through the processing and reuse of the waste river sand, people can walk on the ecological trail to exercise and communicate.

After ecological transformation, it provides a habitat for shrimp, crab and fish, and promotes the development of river culture industry.

Pre-cast ecological armor unit

UNIT III

Aquatic vegetation is destroyed and river beds are severely eroded

+ Sediment rich area

+

From sand mining to ecological exchange space.

+

Stone armor unit

III Xiangjiang River downstream ecological landscape node arrangement

Phase1 Long-term irrational exploitation of sediment leads to serious erosion of river bed, and the ecology of Xiangjiang River is destroyed.

Location

Phase2 Improve soil erosion through structures.

+

Phase3

Block arrangement Through the conservation year by year, so that near the bank of the sediment accumulation, conservation of water and soil.

Master Plan

5-8 years to settle

Workflow

1.Road System

+

2.Vegetation

+

Arbor We t l a n d a n d Grassland

+

3.Ecological conservation and breeding

Construction Framework

Phase 1: Landfill

Phase 2: Succession with water

Passeriformes

Phase 3: Long-tern succession Ⅲ Cover planting

Ⅰ Excavation moulding Ⅱ Pile up masonry

Sand is processed into filter cage units for mussel culture and ecological filtration.

Mussel cage

Crab

Cypriniformes

04

BETWEEN THE DRUM TOWERS Landscape connects the east to west view

Landscape connects the east to west view Location: Nanjing, China Instructor: JinShi Zhang, Liang Li Time: 07/2022-09/2022

"Sight is an intuitive language of architecture, through which buildings engage in a profound dialogue with their surroundings and people's emotions."

——I. M. Pei

Discription:This project analyzed the axis of the Drum Tower in Nanjing and found a concatenated plot in urgent need of renovation. Through the use of the original height difference and geographical advantages of the site transformed into a park green space, used to connect the line of sight.

WHY ISSUE

SITE ANALYSIS

Traffic analysis

N

Xuanwu Lake

Traffic lines Passenger congestion

Green space analysis

Current green space

Arctic Pavilion Park

W

site

5min

Xuanwu Lake Park

E

10min

Current site Green space

30min

Square green space

Flow analysis

City axis tourists

Qingliangshan Park

School students

Office workers Drum tower tourists

S

Historical evolution 1382 Nanjing Drum Tower is a building of Ming and Qing Dynasties located in the center of the city of Nanjing, China.

1942 The initial construction of the oval ring island aims to further improve the traffic safety situation here.

1968

Drum Tower Square was used for the workers' movement.

2008 The Zifeng Building landed and became a new landmark in Nanjing in addition to the Drum Tower.

2010—— The landscape on the axis of Drum Tower Square is not connected, the line of sight is not good which needs to be recunstruct

MASTER PLAN The green space connects the view

The project is located in the center of Nanjing, a city that is changing from old to new. Surrounded by the steel forest, the project has the effect of connecting the east-west view and enhancing the green view of the city center.

System explosion diagram Soil covered upper layer

View point

Grassland

Step corridor

Pedestrian walking system

Underground layer Barrier-free ramp

Activity space

Galery

Step corridor Fountain Landscape seating

Drum Tower Square

Drum Tower Park

SECTIONS D

D

C

B

C

B

PATH SECTIONS

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P

A

Uphill Paved route

Scenic Spot

Main Road

Healing Line

A

Paving Area A rich route is planned, so that people can get a sense of moving and changing scenery in a short path.

A Different sections of the underground structure have different functions to meet the various needs of office workers.

Pool

Lean Device

Gallery Leisure Space

B

Lawn Fountain Higher Spot

Shopping center C Scenic Pool

Leisure Space Shopping center D Scenic Spot Water feature decoration

Gallery

Platform

Model：Resin model showing structure

Roof space

Aerial View：

Topographical changes Resin(Terrian)

Walkway

Under cover space

05

OTHER WORKS FROM SCHOOL Sections of my coursework Time: 09/2020-09/2023

Discription:This is part of a university-related coursework that showcases the study of many aspects of landscape, landscape architecture and art.

OPEN SPACE DESIGN IN WUDAOKOU

OPEN SPACE DESIGN IN YUEHE RIVER

Time: 03/2023-05/2023

Time: 09/2023-11/2023

Instructor: Xi Zheng, XiYue Wang

Instructor: Xi Zheng, XiYue Wang

LANDSCAPE

HAIDIAN PARK PLANT PLANNING Instructor: ShuXing Fan, Ming Sun Time: 09/2022-01/2023

GARDENING

Imitating sketch SUMMER PALACE LANDSCAPE SKETCH Instructor: GuiXiang Xu Time: 09/2020-09/2023

ART

Other sketches...