Assamese Magazine August 2017

ISSN 2455-1074

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Year 2 Issue 08

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Krishi Jagran - Assamese

Krishi Jagran Kisan Club 9891405403

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3a; 9kjX zqYC hz£fj g4hdd HfZ3l ;jk 'y[d zyo. zyogd H2k; g4hdd lmk' akgj. H2kj ajk ;Tbg; \kl g4hd ;hj' akgj. 'y[gdk g;kSakfi GH gYQd ;ks ;hj 9kge. \kjdd aJk2 z;glk jkord 'y[gdk Hhjgmvf g;kSakfij 9h5v 9kge Rj ajk d`r aJkAd ;hj' akgj. H2kj 'kgu0 vj;kji z,Zykf fk'kt]x ;Thb h'\kmx yh3];klvkj h'\kmj aJgdr; holkd 9h5v 9kge Rkj sk8rgsgj ;Tbg; vk'hvht 9kjX g4hdd lgmkEk z;glk d`r aJkAd ;hj' akgj.

Hjkf 4kf gorB6 zk,'khu;x ;Thb okmjwx fd[f huL+i gskEkHl < (%*@(%&%#* HgsHl < imran@krishijagran.com hindi.krishijagran.com

28

;Thbd vheg2l gsht2k

;Tb;j 'kg' vheg2l gsht2kj {agRkm

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sk8rs y2 Rkj sk8rgsgj zqvfkx 'rhDªmd z,'kux 9ht9x h\ht9 z,'ku; HF3kjgf3j sk8rgsgj ah62k' ajk Rk2. vheg2l gsht2kj h'h\Í aJ;kj y®' akgj/  vheg2l gf3Eh;], vkH3 «gRgf< g5v '[;x skHgZav gsgvho, Gahlg;vf «Ek3v9kax gZfa gv3 h\ht9 9kjX 5g3k gv2kj ;jk gE'vkH3 «H{h3{' "+mx skHgQªk"+m «3[H3jx 3kS'lkj ahjvv]k mJXav «m[m[l mJXavx 2ky[ mJXavGgf 8jwj h'h\Í vheg2l gsht2kd Ek3v9ka 9kjX g5v'[;j aJvlf mJksiw \kjdd 'y[d malayalam.krishijagran.com

;Thbd vheg2l gsht2k

'kh ge. vheg2l gsht2kj ;Thbd {agRkm h;2 ;gj? vheg2l gsht2kx ;Thb zqvfk 9kjX d`rj 9kukf/aJukfj 'kg' zZdk 9kjX zyo sk8rs y2. ;Thbd H2kj {agRkm 9kjX g'he m[jXd¾aqw] -y Rk2 gRhd2k \kjdd ;Tb;j ajZaj zSa;] 'y]d ;s y2 ;kjw gzH zs2d 9kjX uqjd¾ gRgf 'k8kj zFs[4if y2. vheg2l gsht2k Ggf 8jwj uqjd¾; uqj ;hj 'y[d ;s zs2 9kjX ;s 4jvd g;El d`rH aJukf ;gj 'j, ;Thb zS'Ìid z,Zykf 9kjX z,Zyk 9kjX ;Tb;j skod ajZajd gf3Eh;],; 9kmd Zykf hug2. GHg3k d`r h'h\Í 8jgwgj gRgf 5g3kx ha;vkjx hahtG5x t;[gsF3x h;dkax uicli2k g3:z3 gsgvox h\ht9x h\ht9 hl,;j U'kjk0 ;hj' ajk Rk2. vheg2l gsht2kj ;Thbd {agRkm g;gfugj ;gj? h'h\Í aJ;kjj aJvkj mhdh'h8 gRgf ;Tb; gslkx ap[ h3;k;jw hphEjx ap[ hvh;¯zk hphEjj Zykfx zs2 Hdrkhuj d`r0 skf[yj skod \km ;hj' ajk Rk2. H2kj ajk g;El glkg; GH mhdh'h8j 0ajd zokm fy®' 'j, dkj \km glkEk z,4rk0 'kh '. Ek3v9ka gyLalkHfj {agRkm ;Tb; ;l gvF3kjj sk8rgsgj ;jk Rk2. glg'l G3kd ;Thbx 'khf;ix ap[aklfj Zfkg;kDj ;Tb;j zszrk; GH gyLalkHfj sk8rgsgj ajksp] 9kjX zsk8kf ;hj' akgj. oh3l zszrk 9kjX ;Thb okmjw 9kmB3 @)!&

29

aJPfj 'kg' h'gpbOj ajksp] l' ajk Rk2. ;Tb; ;l gvF3kjj sk8rgsgj g;El g5kfj U'kjk G; 'rhDªg2 {Dj hu' akgj. Ek3v9kaj U'kjk hvQj lmgd g5kf ;lx h\ht9j sk8rgsgj G3kH aJPfj {Dj g;H'kogfk h'gpbOj ajk0 l' ajk Rk2. gzH {Dj; ;Tb;; gfk3 ;jkj 9kEpr; fy2x 9kjX gd0> GH d`r; \hEbrdj 'kg'-0 jkh4' ajk Rk2. hvQj U'kjk ;Tb;j zszrkj \klugj hfukgfk ;hj' ajk Rk2. lmgd -'Okhf;; 0vgj ak>ojj ;Thb zS'Ìid zszrkj d`r- `kg; Rj ajk gd0> hfoj mgEbwkj ajk GH zszrkj zsk8kf ;hj' akgj. vheg2l gsht2kj ;T h bd {agRkm zS'Ìi aJdrky¾kf?

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Ggfgd 9kEpr; y2 gR vj;kji 9kjX g'vj;kji h'P'zfi2 z,Zykf vheg2l gsht2kj sk8rgsgj zh6; m[wmd 9k8khjd d`r glk;-l -l Rk' lkgm. gugEp 6k;[j 9kjX sgyp vFuJ zyk2; aJg5vkjx ap[ hvh;¯zk 9kjX ap[ h'Okf sykh'urkl2x aklsa[jx «hy_aJ_aJ8kf -'Okhf; 9kjX h'\kmk8rYx \kjdi2 ap[ hvh;¯zk mgEbwk z,Zykfx H¢dfmjx «H{_ha_www.krishijagran.com

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sjX\qhsj okyko

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H2kj 'kgu0 {>3j mk4ij sy 9kjX mjXj mk4ijj ahjEgd] ;jk Rk2. Okd'r gR g;H'k3k0 aJokhd \kjdd 9kge. {>3j s[4r aJokhd \kjdd {>3j ( 3kd-; g'he aJokhd g'glm g'glm jkord gakEk Rk2. h';kgfjx govlgsjix okglkjix skj'k=ix gsEk=i s[4r j§gagj jkoZykfd gakEk aJokhd y2 h; g;vk 9kjX 4jH aJokhd m[ojkdd gakEk Rk2. H2kj 'kgu0 s8r aJgupd skl'i 9kjX ykhj2kwkd gsEkdi aJokhd gakEk Rk2.

H2kd z;glkd-; s[4r h';kgfhj 9kjX govlgsji aJokhd y2. GH aJokhdj h;e[skf {>3 mk4ij hu2k 9kjX g'kok ;h 0Ek ;ksj 'kg' {aR[Dª y2. H2kd g;vk {>3 mk4ij hu2k 9kjX 0of ;g kEk ;ks u[g2kgd ;ksd 9kge h; h';kgfji {>3 0of ;g kEk ;ksd ;gj 9kjX govlsji {>3 gu1jkj 'kg' aJR[Dª y2.

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sjX\qhsj okyko GH zs2d 'mk {>3j aJokhd h'l[Ad gykEkj a`d 9kge. h';kgfji 9kjX govlgsji aJokhdj 'mk {>3j z,4rk 'y[d ;s -y -mge. R®d jkoZykfj GH {>3j z,4rk @)) j 0vgj/ak>ogj 9khel dkgd 9kho H2kj z,4rk $)) j ajk %)) j skogd 9kge. GHg3k 'mk {>3 gu4kd 'y[d z[Fuj lkgm 9kjX GHg3k skl'ky; 9kjX u[mkjX u[g2k ;ks ;gj. h'l[Ad gykEkj ;kjgw {>3j h'l[Ad gykEkj s[4r ;kjw g;H'k4kgfk jkord 'Ty¯ gYQd {>3j 'Ty¯ Zdjd 9kge. H2kj sk,z; 'Ty¯ skQk 9fr gupd jAdkhf g;j. H2kj 'kgu0 9fr jkorgdk {>3; g'vk Rk2. sjX\qhsj okyko; 'vk'j 'kg' vj;kjj 9h\Rkfd 9Egpr {>3 jkoZykfj jkorap[ y2. H2k; 'vk'j 'kg' vj;kgj gmkg3H jkord h;e[ hf2s G; 9h\Rkfj ugj aJg2km ;jk -mge/ !_ g'vkd aJhd'Ì< vj;kgj 9fr jkord GH {>3; g'vkd Gg;'kgj aJhd'Ì lmkH huge. H2kj ajk ;3kfj 'kg' 9fr jkord gRkEk {>3j 0ajd Gg;'kgj z[jhYd -y -mge. @_ {>3 aklf; 9km Zykf hu2k< vj;kgj jkorgdH {>3 aklf; 9kmd Zykf hu2kj 0ajd ;ks ;hjge. H2kj 9¡m]d hR ap[aklf {>3 akgl vj;kjj 5klj ajk dk; 9f[ukf jkhp hu2k Rk2. #_ jkB3Ji2 {>3 mgEbwk g;FuJ h';kgfj U'kjk0 H2kj aJoff; 9kmd Zykf hu2kj ;ks ;hjge. jkB3Ji2 {>3 mgEbwk g;FuJj U'kjk 'Ty¯ Zdjd H2k; 'vk'j 'kg' vheg2l gsht2k g;gSafx aJup]fix t;[gshF3J 9khuj sk8rgsgj 9h\Rkf vlkHge. $_ {>3j mk4ij ;kgl;vf vj;kji gt2hj 9kjhvhtG5 j U'kjk ;jk Rk2. vj;kjj U'kjk 9fr a hdgj0 {>3 aklf; 9kmd Zykf hu2k -mge. H2kj h;e[skf s[4r d`r Ggfugj y2/ !_ vj;kjj U'kjk H2kj {~kfj 'kg' jkoZykf {>3 h'l akv ;gj Rkj 9¡m]d vj;kjj U'kjk {>3j vj;kji a¥i;jw 9hf'kR]. @_ {>3 'iskgjk vj;kjj U'kjk 9kmd Zykf hu2k 9`]k¯ {>3 aklfj hfoj ap[j 'isk ;jk 9kEpr;. #_ {>3 aklfd dkj akl;; vj;kjj ap[aklf h'\kmd gjhogZ3Jvf ;jkgdk 9hf'kR]. H2kj 'kg' vj;kgj m\]Edi skH;i {>3j gjhogZ3Jvfd #))) 3;k huge. dkj haed dkj hpp[; G; sky -y gRkEkd 9fr h;hZd #))) 3;k hug2. dkj haed hpp[j 9k2[z ( sky gykEkd dTdi2 h;hZd $))) 3;k hug2. ap[akl;j zszrk {>3; aklf ;jk ;Tb;; 'y[d zszrk 9kge. g;k3kj G3k {>3 aklf ;Tbg; ;2 gR z;glkd-; tknj zszrk 9kdkj ukfkj y2x ;kjw ck>j -sukf

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Hjkf 4kf gorB6 zk,'khu;x ;Thb okmjwx fd[f huL+i gskEkHl < (%*@(%&%#* HgsHl < imran@krishijagran.com malayalam.krishijagran.com

32

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36

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38

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Gg; gYQd mJ k yg; gpJ B 6 aJ t k:3j 'kg' g;El vyj-l fkRk2 'j, mJ k sr 9£l-l0 Rk2. zskhAd< gpJ B 6 ahjvklfk ;gF3J : 3 ;T h bg2 h'h\Í 'okj 'rEZyk 9kjX zjX ;T b ;j zszrkj zsk8kf ;gj. \kjd 9kjX 'y[ j kB3J i g;kSakfig2 Ggf 8jwj augYa -lge. mhdg; vj;kgj ;T h b gYQd h'Di2 9kjX 9k¡mk> ` hf zyk2 zygRkmidkgj h';kp zS\E y2. 9khs okhf' lkgm g;gfugj h';kp ;jk y2x ;®d 9kjX g;gfugj h';kp zS\E y2. H2kj 'kg' zokmdk 'y[ d m[ j Xd¾ a q w ] y2 Rkgd 4jv ;s ;hj' akgj. GHg3k aJ w kli 'rEzk2i 9kjX mJ k y;j skod hfhPv2 j§gagj z5ldk 9khf'. fgjp aJzkux Gg; hz, 9kjX goGs -zfi vS'l 5kh3]lkHokj 9kjX g;hsg;l hlhsg3t fd[f huL+i/!!))@% hindi.krishijagran.com

40

ৃ প িত সংৰ ণ কিষ

ৃ প িতঃ বহন ম উৎপাদনশীলতাৰ সংৰ ণ কিষ এক নব িচ াধাৰা

সং

ু ৃ ৰ ণ কিষ বিল ক'েল নূ ন তম চহ িক া িবনা চহ অথবা চহ িদয়াৰ বণতাক উে খেযাগ ভােব কমাই আগেত কৰা শস ৰ অৱিশ ভাগ লেত ৰািখ পাছৰ শস ৰ েখিত কৰাৰ এক অিভনৱ ু ৃ প িতক েকাৱা প িতক বজায়। ইংৰাজীত এইিবধ কিষ হয় “কনজাৰেভচন এি কা চাৰ”। এই প িতৰ উে শ ৃ ৈহেছ িবিভ কিষকাযৰ বােব েখিত পথাৰত েহাৱা ূ ূ ভিম য় েৰাধ কৰা আ ভিমৰ তাপ আ জীপ সিঠক ভােব বজাই ৰখা। ভাৰতবষ তথা আমাৰ ৰাজ ৰ বােব ু িবষয়। েসেয় এই ৃ এইিবধ কিষ প িত এটা নতন ু প িতেটাৰ িবষেয় িকছু ধাৰণা িদবৈল েলখােটাত নতন য কৰা ৈহেছ। ৃ ূ নীিত তথা েয়াগ ণালী সংৰ ণ কিষৰ মল ৃ িব ানীসকেল ল কিৰেছ েয চিলত কিষ প িতত মািট চহ কৰাৰ পাছত বতাহ-বৰষু ণৰ বােব ূ ভিম য় ৈহ ওপৰৰ সা ৱা মািটভাগ ন হয়। অসমান ;Thb okmjw 9kmB3 @)!&

েহলনীয়া পথাৰত এই সমস া অিত েবিছৈক েদখা যায়। এেন েহাৱাৰ বােব মািটত শস ৰ আৱশ কীয় েপাষক ব ৰ অভাৱ ঘেট আ ৈজৱ পদাথৰ অভাৱত মািটৰ ৃ পানী ধিৰ ৰখা মতা কিম যায়। কিষকাযৰ এই অপকাৰী ৃ নামৰ িদশেটাৈল ল কিৰ িব ানীসকেল সংৰ ণ কিষ প িতেটাৰ বােব িতিনটা নীিত যু তাই উিলয়াইেছ। এই নীিতেকইটা হ'ল:· যাি ক ব ৱ াৰ াৰা মািটত নূ ন তম আঘাট · ায়ী পত আৱৰণ শস ৰ ব ৱ া · শস াৱতৰ পূ ণ েয়াগ উপেৰা নীিতেকইটা সচা ূ ভােব পালন কৰাৰ ৃ ওপৰেত সংৰ ণ কিষৰ সফলতা িনভৰ কিৰেছ। েসেয় ৃ এই নীিতেকইটা মািন চিলবৈল আমাৰ কিষকায েকেন েহাৱা উিচত েসই িবষেয় িব ানীসকেল আগবেঢ়াৱা েয়াগ ণালীসমূ হ এেন ধৰণৰ:· নূ ন তম অথবা িবনা চহ (িজৰ' িটেলজ) malayalam.krishijagran.com

ৃ প িত সংৰ ণ কিষ ৃ কিষকাযত য -পািতৰ ব ৱহাৰ সীিমত কৰা আৱৰণ বা ঢাকিন শস ৰ ব ৱ া কৰা আ শস ৰ অৱিশ ভাগ আৱৰণ িহচােপ ব ৱহাৰ কৰা · ান আ সময়েপােযাগী শস ম/শস াৱতন ৱতন কৰা · মািটৰ কিঠনতা াস কৰা ু ধাৰণাৰ গঢ় িদয়া · শস সমূ হৰ বােব নতন ৃ বনানীকৰণ · কিষ দখা গ'ল েয স দ সংৰ ণ যিু ৰ কায পিৰিধ যেথ বহল। উৎপাদনশীলতাৰ লগত স ক থকা িবষয়সমূ হ ু আিথক সংগিত আ উৎপাদন ৃ মজৰী, েযেন মািট, কিষ বােব আৱশ ক েহাৱা পিৰচযা আিদ িবিভ িদশসমূ হ স দ সংৰ ণ যিু আওতাত পেৰ। এই যিু ৰ নীিত আ এইেবাৰৰ েয়াগ ণালী িনধাৰণ কিৰ িব ানীসকেল আশা কিৰেছ েয এইেবাৰৰ যথাযথ ৃ েয়ােগেৰ চিলত কিষত েদখা িদয়া িব প ভাৱ াস ৃ কিৰব পৰা যাব। অৱেশ সংৰ ণ কিষৰ ল েকােনা এটা অ লত আৱ নাথািক এক িব ৃ ত অ লত েয়াগ ৃ ৃ বৱ া আ হ'ব লািগব য'ত অ লেটাৰ কষকৰ কিষ ইয়াৰ বােব আৱশ ক েহাৱা স দৰ ওপৰত িনভৰ কিৰ ৃ সংৰ ণ কিষৰ ল িন িপত হ'ব। ৃ সংৰ ণ কিষৰ েয়াগ ণালী ব েকইটা যিদও ইয়াৰ িভতৰত িবনা চহ (িজৰ' িটেলজ) অথবা নূ ন তম চহ, অ ৱতী শস , শস ৰ অৱিশ ভাগ আৱৰণ িহচােপ ৃ ব ৱহাৰ কৰা আিদ উে খেযাগ । আমাৰ কষেক ধান চেপাৱাৰ পাছত নৰােবাৰ লাই িদয়া েদখা যায়। এেন কাযৰ ব েতা িতকাৰক িদশ আেছ- েযেন: পিৰেৱশ ৃ েগছ িনগমন, মািটত বাস কৰা দূ ষণ, েসউজগহ উপকাৰী জীৱ তথা অনু জীৱসমূ হ ংস েহাৱা, মািটৰ উবৰতা শি াস েপাৱা আিদ। আনহােত এেন ু থকাৰ কাযৰপৰা িবৰত থািকেল মািটৰ ণা ণ অটট লগেত মািটৰ উ তা সিঠক পত থােক, যাৰ বােব ু উি দৰ বিৃ াভািৱক ভােব হয়। তদপিৰ মািটৰ জীপ ৃ নাশ কৰা , মািটত ৈজৱ পদাথ বিৃ ৰ া কৰা , অপতণ কৰা, নাই 'েজন সাৰৰ হণেযাগ তা বিৃ কৰা আিদ অেনক লাভজনক কাযও সংঘিটত হয় আ এেনেবাৰ ৃ উৎপাদনত ি ৰতাই েদখা কাৰণৰ বােব অ লেটাৰ কিষ ৃ িদেয়। অসমৰ পথাৰত সংৰ ণ কিষ যিু েয়াগ কিৰ ৃ হ'ব পৰা যেথ থল আেছ। েতেনেকইিবধমান উপকত স দ সংৰ ণ যিু ৰ িবষেয় তলত আেলাচনা কৰা হ'লক) িজৰ' িটেলজ বা িবনা চেহ েখিত কৰা প িত অসমৰ িযেবাৰ অ ল েঘঁ েখিতৰ বােব · ·

;Thb okmjw 9kmB3 @)!&

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উপেযাগী েতেনেবাৰ অ লত দীঘিদনীয়া ধানৰ জাতৰ েখিত কিৰ উিঠ েঘঁ ৰ েখিত কিৰবৈল িকছু অসু িবধা হয়। কাৰণ ধান চেপাৱাৰ পাছত েঘঁ ৰ বােব মািট ত কিৰ িট িসঁচাৈল িকছু সময়ৰ েয়াজন হয়, যাৰ বােব েঘঁ িসঁচাৰ অনু েমািদত সময় িকছু পাৰ ৈহ যায়। আনহােত ৃ পলমৈক িসঁচােল েঘঁ ৰ উৎপাদন াস পায়। অসম কিষ ৃ গেৱষণা িব িবদ ালয়ৰ নগাঁৱত অৱি ত আ িলক কিষ ৃ ূ েক ই কষকৰ পথাৰত কৰা দশনমলক েখিতৰপৰা েদখা ৈগেছ েয নেব ৰ মাহৰ ২৫ তািৰখৰ পাছত অথাৎ ধানৰ দীঘিদনীয়া জাত চেপাৱাৰ পাছত, েঘঁ িসঁিচেল পলম েহাৱা িতেটা িদনৰ বােব িত েহ ৰত উৎপাদন ায় ৩০ িক: াম াস পায়। এই সমস া িকছু লাঘৱ কিৰবৈল চেলাৱা পৰী াৰ াৰা েদখা গ'ল েয মািট চহ নকৰাৈক ে ৰৰ সহায়ত চেলাৱা “িজৰ' িটেলজ বীজ তথা সাৰ ি ল” নামৰ েমিচনৰ সহায়ত েপানপিটয়াৈক মািটত বীজ িসঁিচ পলমৈক কৰা েঘঁ েখিতত েদখা িদয়া সমস া াস কিৰব পৰা যায়। কাৰণ এই প িতেৰ মািট চহ কিৰেল েঘঁ িসঁচাৰ সময় ৭-১০ িদন আ ৱাব পৰা যায়, যাৰ বােব উৎপাদন াসৰ পিৰমাণ কিম যায়। এই ু বটমাহ ু প িতত েঘঁ ৰ উপিৰও ম মাহ, মািটমাহ, মচৰ, আিদৰ েখিতও কিৰব পািৰ। িজৰ' িটেলজ প িতত কৰা েখিতত জীৱ ই ন ৃ কাযত খৰছ কম হয়। কম ব ৱহাৰ েহাৱাৰ বােব কিষ আনহােত জীৱ ই ন কমৈক ব ৱহাৰ কৰাৰ বােব কাবন-ডাই-অ াইড েগছ কমৈক িনগত হয়। পৰী াৰ াৰা েদখা ৈগেছ েয এই প িতত মািট চহ কিৰ িত েহ ৰ মািটত গেড় ৬০ িলটাৰ িডেজল ৰািহ কিৰব পৰা যায়। আনহােত এইেটাও েদখা ৈগেছ েয িত িলটাৰ িডেজল েপাৰাৰ বােব ায় ২.৬ িক: াম কাবন-ডাইঅ াইড েগছ িনগত হয়। অথাৎ এই প িতেৰ কৰা েখিতত িত েহ ৰত ৬০ x ২.৬ =১৫৬ িক: াম কাবনডাই- অ াইড েগছৰ িনগমন েৰাধ কিৰব পৰা যায়। এেন ৃ ব েবাৰ উপকাৰৈল ল ৰািখ বতমান এইিবধ কিষ প িতক িদয়া ৈহেছ। এই প িতৰ আন উপকাৰসমূ হ হ'ল:১) এই প িতত ই ন, সময় আ ম ৰািহ েহাৱা ু কষকৰ ৃ েহতেক বােব লাভজনক। ২) মািট িতৰ বােব সময় আৱশ ক েনােহাৱা বােব বীজ ৭-১০ িদন আগিতয়াৈক িসঁিচব পািৰ ,যাৰ বােব উৎপাদন াসৰ পিৰমাণ কম কৰাৰ লগেত বৰষু ণৰ আেগেয় চপাব পািৰ। ৩) এেন প িতত কৰা েখিতত বন-বাত কম হয়। ৪) বীজ শাৰী শাৰীৈক িসঁিচব পৰা যায়, যাৰ বােব উৎপাদন যেথ ভাল হয়। www.krishijagran.com

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ৃ প িত সংৰ ণ কিষ

িজৰ' িটেলজ প িতত ল'বলগীয়া িবেশষ সতকতা ূ ১) ধানেখিতত িযমান পািৰ িসমান ভিমৰ ওচৰেত েগাছােবাৰ কািটব লােগ যােত নৰােবাৰৰ উ তা ১৫ েচঃিমঃৰ েবিছ নহয়। ২) বীজ িসঁচা েমিচনেটা মূ ল পথাৰত ব ৱহাৰ আেগেয় ৃ বীজ আ সাৰ অনু েমািদত পিৰমাণত পৰাৈক পথেক ৃ পথেক িমলাই ল'ব লােগ। ৩) বীজ ৫-৭ েচঃিমঃতৈক েবিছ গভীৰতাত িসঁিচব নালােগ। ৪) দানাকাৰ ৰাসায়িনক সাৰেহ ব ৱহাৰ কিৰব লােগ। অন থা সাৰ েয়াগত অসু িবধা হব। ৫) বীজ িসঁচাৰ ১৫-২০ িদনৰ পাছত থমবাৰ পানী িদব লােগ। ৬) েমিচন চিল থকাৰ সময়ত বীজ আ সাৰৰ নলীেবাৰ যােত ব ৈহ নাযায় েসইেটা ল কিৰ থািকব লােগ। (খ) মধ মীয়া দ' আ দ' চােনকীয়া মািটৰ বােব স দ ৃ সংৰ ন কিষ যিু : ৃ আমাৰ কষকসকেল ধান চপাওেত সাধাৰণেত ওপৰেত কটা েদখা যায় আ ধান চেপাৱাৰ িপচত নৰািবলাক লাই িদেয়। এইদেৰ নৰািবলাক লাই িদয়াৰ ফলত মািটত থকা ৈজিৱক পদাথ ন হয় লগেত মািটত বাস কৰা উপকাৰী ু জীৱাণেবাৰ মিৰ যায় । সইদেৰ পৰ ৰাগতভােব কৰা ধানেখিতত আমাৰ ৃ কষকসকেল েখিতৰ পথাৰখনত কিঠয়া ৱাৰ আেগেয় েকইবাবােৰা মািট চহ কেৰ, িবেশষৈক েবাকা িদয়াৰ সময়ত । ফলত মািটৰ গাঠিন েবাৰ ভািঙ যায় আ মািটত থকা ৈজিৱক কাবনৰ পিৰমাণ াস পায় ।এই ৈজিৱক কাবনক ক'লা েসাণ িহচােব গণ কৰা হয় আ ইয়াৰ এটা িনিদ পিৰমাণ মািট, পানী আ েপাষক েমৗলৰ ু কাযদ তাৰ বােব েয়াজনীয় । সংৰ ণ তথা জীৱাণৰ িনে া স দ সংৰ ণ যিু েবাৰ ব ৱহাৰ কিৰ ধানেখিতৰ িপচত মািটৰ অৱিশ জীপৰ সদব ৱহাৰ কিৰ সফলতােৰ িপচৰ এটা েখিত কিৰব পােৰ । (১) 'ৰীেল' অথবা 'উেটৰা' শস প িত : ৃ ূ গেৱষণাৰ তথা কষকৰ পথাৰত কৰা দশনমলক ু েখিতৰ পৰা েদখা ৈগেছ েয উপয স দ সংৰ ণ যিু , িবেশষৈক িবনা চেহ ধানেখিত চেপাৱাৰ আগেতই শািলধানৰ িপচত 'ৰীেল' শস িহচােব ি তীয় এটা শস ু েযেন িতিচ, ক'লামাহ, মচৰ, মটৰ, সিৰয়হ আিদ সফলভােব কিৰব পািৰ ।অসমৰ মধ আ নামিন ূ জলবা পু উপত কা আ উ ৰপাৰৰ সমতলভিম পিৰম লৰ িজলােকইখনৰ েকােনা েকােনা অ চলত শািলধানৰ িপচত এইদেৰ আন এটা েখিত 'ৰীেল' িহচােব ;Thb okmjw 9kmB3 @)!&

কৰা েদখা যায় । গেৱষণাৰ পৰা েদখা ৈগেছ েয 'ৰীেল' প িতেৰ েখিত কিৰেল শস ত উপ ৱ কৰা িৰ কটা েপাকৰ সমস াৰ পৰাও হাত সািৰব পািৰ । 'ৰীেল' প িতত শািলধান চেপাৱাৰ ১৫-২০ িদনৰ আেগেয় ওপৰত উে খ কৰা শস িবলাকৰ েশাধন কৰা বীজ অনু েমািদত পিৰমাণত িসঁিচব লােগ। এই সময়ত পথাৰত জীপ থকােটা অিতৈক আৱশ কীয় কথা, অন থা বীজৰ গজািল েনালাব । ধানেখিত চপাওেত নৰািবলাক ৰািখ আিহব লােগ যােত ই মািটৰ জীপ সংৰ ণ কিৰ ৰােখ লগেত বগাই েযাৱা মাহজাতীয় শস িবলাক বগাবৈল সু িবধা পায় । (২) িবনাচেহ েবিছ জীপ থকা মািটত েপানপটীয়াৈক বীজ িসঁিচ কৰা েখিত (চােফ ীডীং) ঘঁ েখিত সাধাৰণেত শািলধানৰ েখিত চেপাৱাৰ িপচত মািট চহ কিৰ ভালদেৰ ৈময়াই সমান কিৰ বীজ িসঁচা হয় । িক েকিতয়াবা ধান েখিত চেপাৱাৰ সময়ত বা ইয়াৰ িপচেতা মািটত যেঠ জীপ থকাৰ বােব মািট চহ কিৰব পৰা নাযায় । েতেন ে ত কান অথবা িভঁজাই েলাৱা েঘঁ ৰ বীজ ধান চেপাৱাৰ েকইিদনমান আেগেয় অথবা চেপাৱাৰ িঠক িপচেত িস /জীপযু মািটত েপানপটীয়াৈক িসঁিচব পৰা যায় । এই প িতত মািট চহ কৰাৰ েকােনা খৰচ নাই । লগেত এইদেৰ েখিত কিৰেল ূ শস ৰ াবল দু নৈল বিৃ কিৰব পািৰ আ েবিছ ভিমত েঘঁ েখিত কিৰব পৰা যায় ।আিথক অৱ াৰ বােব ব েতা েখিতয়েক মািট চহ কিৰবৰ বােব ে ৰ আিদ ভাড়া কিৰবৰ বােব সমথ নহয় । েতেন ে ত িবনা চেহ সিঠক জীপ থকা মািটত বীজ িসঁিচ েঘঁ েখিত কিৰ কম খৰচেত ভাল উৎপাদন পাব পােৰ । অৱেশ এেনধৰেণেৰ কৰা ৃ প িতৰ িকছু সালসলিন ঘটাবলগীয়া হয় । েখিতত কিষ েযেন খিত কিৰবলগীয়া মািটৰ জীপৰ পিৰমাণ অনু সিৰ কান অথবা িভঁজাই েলাৱা(সাধাৰণ পানীত, ৬১০ ঘ া)বীজ িসঁচা হয় যােত েসানকােল ও সমভােব গজািল ওলায় ।  যিদ কান বীজ ব ৱহাৰ কৰা হয়, েতে িবৱিল েবলাতেহ বীজ িসঁিচব লােগ যােত বীজিবলােক মািটৰ পানী িহ েলাৱাত সহায় হয় আ শীতল পিৰেৱশত বীজ ু উিঠব পােৰ । ফিল  ল ৰািখব লােগ যােত িশপািবলােক েখাপিন েপাতাৈলেক মািট সংপৃ অৱ াত থােক । িক মািটত পানী জমা হ'বৈল িদব নালােগ । এই প িতৰ লাভালাভ সমূ হঃ  শস াবল দু ণ কিৰ েঘঁ েখিতৰ মািট-কািল hindi.krishijagran.com

ৃ প িত সংৰ ণ কিষ বিৃ কিৰব পািৰ  খিত কৰাৰ খৰচ শতকৰা ২৫-৩০ ভাগ েৰহাই হয়, কাৰণ মািট চহ কৰাৰ েয়াজন নহয় ।  এইদেৰ ৰািহ েহাৱা ধন আন কাযত ব ৱহাৰ কিৰব পািৰ । ু ৃ  দখীয়া কষেক মািট চহ কৰাৰ বােব গ -মহ ৰখা অথবা ে ৰ ভাড়া কৰাৰ েয়াজন নাই ।  মািটত থকা অৱিশ জীপৰ সদব ৱহাৰ হয় আ বীজতলী ত কিৰবৰ বােব লগা পানী ৰািহ কেৰ।  অকেণা সময় অপব য় নকৰাৈক সময়মেত েঘঁ ৰ বীজ িসঁিচব পািৰ । ু ৃ বনানীকৰণ : নতনৈক কৰা বৃ েৰাপনৰ ৈসেত (গ) কিষ ূ মাজত পথাৰ শস , অথবা আগেত ই েথাৱা বৃ সমহৰ উদ ানশস , ঘাঁহ শস আিদৰ েখিত বা প পালন, েমৗূ আ জল সংৰ ণ কৰাৰ পালন আিদ কিৰেল ভিম উপিৰও এইেবাৰ যেঠ লাভজনক । িকয়েনা ই প িতেবােৰ ই নৰ বােব খিৰ েযাগান ধৰাৰ উপিৰও খাদ শস , ফলমূ ল, শাক-পাচিল, প খাদ আিদও েযাগান ধেৰ । ওপৰত কৰা আেলাচনাৰ পৰা এইেটা তীয়মান ৈহেছ েয ৃ ৃ গেৱষণা আ উ য়নৰ ে ত এটা সংৰ ণ কিষেয় কিষ

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ু িচ াধাৰাৰ সচনা ৃ নতন কিৰেছ । সংৰ ণ কিষৰ িতিনটা ূ মূ ল িবষয়ব ৈহেছ- মািটৰ নু ন তম ব াঘাত (িজৰ' িটেলজ), শস মত ঢাকিন শস (ক'ভাৰ প )ৰ অ ভিূ আ শস ৰ অৱিশ াংশৰ াৰা মািটৰ সু ৰ া ু ু ৃ প িতৰ তলনাত ৃ মািটৰ ।আধিনক কিষ সংৰ ণ কিষ ণা ণ বজাই ৰখাৰ মূ ল আধাৰ । ৃ তথা স দ সংৰ ণ প িত হণ সংৰ ণ কিষ কিৰেল ম, পানী আ শি ৰািহ েহাৱাৰ লগেত শস ৰ উৎপাদন বিৃ আ আিথকভােব লাভা ািবত হয় ।লগেত ৃ েগচসমহৰ ূ িনগমণ াস কিৰ েগালকীয় উ াপ েসউজ গহ ৃবি েৰাধ কেৰ ।যিদওবা আমাৰ ৰাজ খনৰ কমসংখ ক ু ৃ পথাৰতেহ যাি কীকৰণ ৈহেছ তথিপও আধিনক কিষ ব ৱ হাত েহাৱা স দসমূ হৰ সবা ক অব য় েৰাধ ৃ প িত অৱল ন কৰাৰ সময় কিৰবৈল সংৰ ণ কিষ আিহ পিৰেছ ।

ু ড তলসী সাদ শইকীয়া, ধান িব ানী ৃ গেৱষণা েক , অসম কিষ ৃ আ িলক কিষ িব িবদ ালয় িচলঙণী, নগাঁও-৭৮২০০২, অসম ০

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;Thb okmjw 9kmB3 @)!&

malayalam.krishijagran.com

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Figure 1- Solarization Process: Trapping the solar heat into soil layers

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Figure 2: Mechanisms involved in Soil Solarization

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