1.INTRODUCTION
Showshowbeefproductionhasimpactedtheclimateincludingthechangesinsoliaswellasthecarbonfootprint.Tookinto consideration,pesticides,fertilizers,grazing,fossilfuelsetc,usedintheproductionofbeef.
Tocounterthissituation,educatingthepeoplebyhavingthemcalculatetheirindividualprintsbasedontheireverydaychoices seemstobetheneedofthehour.Withthisresolutioninthemind,CarbonFitproposestohelpindividualstocalculatetheir printandshowwaystoreducethesame.
CarbonFootprintisaveryusefuldecision makingtoolthatallowsorganizationsandindividualstomeasuretheeffectoftheir everydayactivitiesontheenvironment.isdesignedtocalculatethecarbonfootprintofuniversities.Thetoolcalculatesthe CarbonFootprintbasedon directGHGemissions,electricity,andotherindirectGHGemissions.Capableofevaluatingthe evolutionoftheCFovertime.
***
WWFproposedasystemforthecalculationofanindividual’sCarbonFootprintlivingintheUnitedKingdombutthesame carbonfactorsandchoicescannotbeappliedhereasthedemographics,geographyandthespectrumofchoicesapersonliving inIndiawillmakeisverydifferentfromthatoftheUK.
Carbon releases have been on the rise since the modernization of the humanity. We can’t point to a single cause for this increasebutwedoknowtheharmfulrepercussionsithasontheenvironment.Themeasureweusetocalculatetheamountof GFG(GreenhouseGas)releasedistonsofCO2/yearwhichmakesupourCarbonFootprint.
CarbonWatchwasaprojectdevelopedbySparrowAnalyticsforthecityofChandigarh,Indiabutfailedtodeliverthepromised resultsasthefinalresultswerenotaveragedoutforanindividualdependingonthefamilymembers.
Carbonfootprintassessmenttoolforuniversities:CO2UNV[7]
TheprojectaimsspecificallyatthepeopleofIndiaandallthevaluesconsideredarespecifictoIndia.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1524 CarbonFit: An Application to Monitor and Calculate Carbon Footprint Jayashree Rajesh Prasad1, Hrigved Khatavkar2, Aniruddha Dhumal3, Siddharth Pukale4
2. RELATED WORKS
1Professor, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Loni Kalbhor Maharashtra Pune, India
Time dependentclimateimpactofbeefproduction cancarbonsequestrationinsoiloffsetentericmethaneemissions?[6]
1,2,3Student, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Loni Kalbhor Maharashtra Pune, India
This section highlights the notable previous efforts that have been made in this field. It includes the works from notable organizationslikeWWF(WorldWildlifeFundforNature).
WorldCarbonFootprinthasbeenonasteepascentsincetheearly2000s.Intheyear2000theCO2emissionwas25Gt(Giga tonnes)whichincontrasttothe35Gtin2021isafarsmallernumber.Thisjumpis29%fasterthantheprevious10GtCO2/year jump(1969 2000).
Key Words: Carbon Footprint, Carbon Emissions, Alternatives, Offsetting, Flutter, NodeJS, Pytorch, Chatbot
Abstract Ever since the 19th century, the amount of carbon released in the environment has been on the rise. The rise can be attributed to the industrial revolution and recently to the technological revolution. This rise paired with the change in the lifestyle of humans which is now mainly dependent on technology have contributed to a variety of ecological problems. Ecological problems like global warming, endangering of species etc have a direct relation to the amount of greenhouse gases being emitted each year. Carbon Fit aims for people to educated themselves on their contribution to the global footprint, its effects on the environment and ways to contribute towards the cause.
Focusesontheresearchmethodsandstepsinvolvedincarryingoutstudiesondifferenttypesofcarbonfootprint.Comparative study of different carbon footprint assessment standards was carried out to identify their similarities, differences and deficiencies.Guidelineshadbeenmadeontheseissuesfromexistingassessmentstandards,butfurtherimprovementisstill
ofFootprintanalysistoolsformonitoringimpactsonsustainability[13]
Thisstudypresentsanoverviewoffootprintsasdefinedindicatorsthatcanbeusedtomeasuresustainability.Wecanalso checkthefootprintoftwomorecombinedpeople.Severaltoolsforcalculatingthecarbonfootprintareavailable.
Towardsauniversalcarbonfootprintstandard:Acasestudyofcarbonmanagementatuniversities.[14]
Alltypesoforganizationscontributetothegreenhousegasemissions.Highereducationinstitutionsplayacriticalrolein educationsystemsallovertheworld,spanninginternationalbordersandeconomicsystems.Thefollowingpaperintroducesa methodologybywhichcarbonfootprintingisappliedtohighereducationinstitutions.
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Aneeded.Review
EvaluatingfoodsupplychainemissionsfromJapanesehouseholdconsumption[11]
p
The proposedsystem,takes inputfrom the user about his everydaychoicesspecificallytheirtransportation,foodhabits, electricalconsumption,LPGconsumptionandwasteproduction.BasedonthisinputCarbonFitcalculatesthetotalCarbon FootprintoftheindividualforthatyearintCO2/year.Theemissionfactorsforalltheparametershavebeentakenfromtrusted sourceswhichincludegovernmentpresenteddata.
Besidesthecalculationpart,CarbonFitoffersalternativestoreducetheuser’sprintintheareawhichcontributesthemost, offsetting,tooffsettheuser’sfootprintbydonatingtoorganizationsandprojectswhichareworkingtowardsthesamecause andachatbottohelptheuserwithanythingtheymightneed.
CarbonFit’sflowchart/designisgiveninFig1.
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1525
International Research Journal Engineering Technology (IRJET) ISSN: 2395 0056 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net ISSN: 2395 0072
Acomparativestudyofcarbonfootprintandassessmentstandards.[12]
PotentialofelectrificationthebusrapidtransitnetworkinSpainevaluated.Hybridandelectricbusshow40%decrementand 30%incrementofCO2Well to Tank.Hybridandelectricbusshow40%and60%decrementofCO2lifecycleemissions.Hybrid andelectricbusshow30%incrementand60%decrementofdrivingrange.Hybridandelectricbusshow2.5%reductionand 30%increaseinthelifecyclecost.
Volume:
Carbonfootprint:currentmethodsofestimation[8]
Assessingthecarbonfootprintacrossthesupplychain:Cowmilkvssoydrink[10]
and
Summarizeshowmeatconsumptioncancausedisparitiesbetweenthecarbonfootprintsofdifferentregions.Alsoshowshow mostofthefoodrelatedcarbonfootprintreleasedisduringtheproductionphase.Diningoutisalsomajorlyresponsiblefor foodrelatedemissions.
e
of
Theincreasinggreenhousegasesconcentrationintheatmospherehasitsownconsequences.Themeasureofgreenhouse gassesintensivenessisexpressedincarbonfootprints.Standardsofgreenhousegassesaccountingarethecommonresources usedinfootprintcalculations,althoughthereisnomandatoryprovisionoffootprintverification.
LifecycleCO₂footprintreductioncomparisonofhybridandelectricbusesforbustransitnetworks.[9]
Providesinsightsastohowveganmilk(soy)couldbeabettersubstitutetocowmilkintermsofcarbonfootprint.Also,asses thedifferencebetweenthepricesofandnutritionalvaluesofboth.
2)AlternativesandOffsetting AlternativesandOffsettingisalsohandledusingNodeJSandMongoDBwithonlyoneendpoint i.e.,GET.Thedataforoffsettingwasweb scrapedoffofUnitedNationswebsitewhichhascomprehensiveinformationabout theoffsettingprojectsinIndiaincludingtheamountofCO2theprojectisabletooffsetandalsoanyadditionalinformation relatedtotheoffsettingproject.
3)EmberAIchat bot EmberistrainedusingPytorchanditusesFlasktohandlerequestsfromclient
Thereare3APIstohandlerequestsforthese3functionswhichareexplainedas:
Theproject’stechnologicalaspectcanbedividedinto3mainpartsbasedonthefunctionalitynamelyAuthenticationand Calculation,AlternativesandCarbonOffsetting,Ember theAIChatbot
Fig1.FrontendDesign
1)AuthenticationandCalculation ThebackendusesMongoDBandNodeJStohandlerequestsfromtheclientandresponds withthetotalvalueofthefootprintaftercalculatingthevaluesforeachparameterbasedonthecarbonemissionfactors.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1526
*E.F http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm
Table 1:Alltheemissionfactorsaregivenbelow:
Formula Used (in kg Co2/year) Source
Fig2.BackendDesign
Bus 0.1kgCo2/km Considered the general value per person http://indiaghgp.org
Train 0.00795kgCo2/km Considered the general value per person http://indiaghgp.org
LPG 2.983kgCo2/kg
(IRJET)
Waste 0.086kgCo2/kg
International Research Engineering Technology e ISSN: 2395 0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072
Electricity 0.85kgCo2/kWh
Use(kg/week)*52
Emission Factors
Input (in kWh/year)*E.F http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm
*E.F http://www.ghgplatform india.org/methodology waste sector
Average consumptionMeat 2.5 tonnes Co2/person Considered the general value per person https://www.greeneatz.com/foods carbon footprint.html
Vegetarian 1.7 tonnes Considered the https://www.greeneatz.com/foods carbon footprint.html
Datausedincalculatingthefootprintplaysakeyroleasthecarbonemissioncalculatedwilldifferbasedonemissionfactors. Theseemissionfactorshavetobeverypreciseandspecifictothegivencountryasthegeography,demographicsandchoicesof peopleinaparticularregionresultintheemissionfactorschangingfordifferentlocations.Wehaveconsideredemission factorswhicharespecifictoIndiaforthebestandmostrealisticresultspossible.
Airplane 0.1404kgCo2/km Considered the general value per person http://indiaghgp.org
Input(in kg/year)
4. DATA
and
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1527
Parameter
Transport 2.4745kgCo2/litre litres/year)Input(in*E.F http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm
Journal of
1) Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser (2020) "CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Published online at OurWorldInData.org.Retrievedfrom:'https://ourworldindata.org/co2 and other greenhouse gas emissions'[Online Resource]
Addressingtheneedofthehourregardingtheincreaseincarbonemissions,thiswasanattempttoeducatepeopleaboutthe individualcontributionsmadetotheglobalcarbonlevels.Thisprojecthighlightstheurgencyofthisissueandhopesthatwe standunitedagainstthecarbonemissions,takeresponsibilityandcontributebymakingchangestoourdailylifechoices.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3) Kolsepatil,N.,Anandhan,S.,Sekhar,A.,Chaturvedula,S.(2019).GreenhouseGasesEmissionsofIndia(subnational estimates):WasteSector(2005 2015series)datedSeptember25,2019,Retrievedfrom:http://www.ghgplatform india.org/waste sector
https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctt041Co2/persongeneralvalue per person
Vegan 1.5 tonnes Co2/person Considered the general value per person https://www.greeneatz.com/foods carbon footprint.html
2) IEA(2020),GlobalCO2emissionsin2019,IEA,Parishttps://www.iea.org/articles/global co2 emissions in 2019
8) Pandey,D.,Agrawal,M.&Pandey,J.S.Carbonfootprint:currentmethodsofestimation. Environ Monit Assess 178,135 160(2011).https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661 010 1678 y
7) KarenValls Val,MaríaD.Bovea,Carbonfootprintassessmenttoolforuniversities:CO2UNV,SustainableProduction andConsumption,Volume29,2022,Pages791 804,ISSN2352 5509,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.021.11.020
5) Loyarte López, E.; Barral, M.; Morla, J.C. Methodology for Carbon Footprint Calculation Towards Sustainable InnovationinIntangibleAssets.Sustainability2020,12,1629.https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041629
11) XiLi,ZhigangOuyang,QiongZhang,Wen longShang,LiqiaoHuang,YiWu,YuningGao,Evaluatingfoodsupplychain emissionsfromJapanesehouseholdconsumption,AppliedEnergy,Volume306,PartB,2022,118080,ISSN0306 2619,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118080.
9) Antonio García, Javier Monsalve Serrano, Rafael Lago Sari, Shashwat Tripathi, Life cycle CO₂ footprint reduction comparisonofhybridandelectricbusesforbustransitnetworks,AppliedEnergy,Volume308,2022,118354,ISSN 0306 2619,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118354.
REFERENCES
WewouldliketoexpressoursinceregratitudetoourguideDr.JayashreePrasadfortheguidanceandsupportincompleting ourproject.WewouldalsoliketoextendourgratitudetothePrincipalofMIT SchoolofEngineeringDr.KishorRavandeand the Dean and Computer Science and Engineering Head Prof. Dr. Rajneesh Kaur Sachdeo for giving us such an auspicious opportunityofbringingourideastoreallife.
4) Pandey,D.,Agrawal,M.&Pandey,J.S.Carbonfootprint:currentmethodsofestimation.EnvironMonitAssess178, 135 160(2011).https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661 010 1678 y
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page1528 **denotestheassumptionswhilecalculatingtheemission 5. CONCLUSION
6) TorunHammar,Per AndersHansson,ElinRöös, Time dependentclimateimpactofbeefproduction cancarbon sequestrationinsoiloffsetentericmethaneemissions?JournalofCleanerProduction,Volume331,2022,129948,ISSN 0959 6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129948
10) B.Coluccia,G.P.Agnusdei,F.DeLeo,Y.Vecchio,C.M.LaFata,P.P.Miglietta,Volume806,Part3,2022,151200,ISSN 0048 9697,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151200.
12) JournalArticleGao,TaoLiu,QingWang,Jianping.Acomparativestudyofcarbonfootprintandassessmentstandards International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies Int J Low Carbon Tech 2013 DO 10.1093/ijlct/ctt041
Certified Journal | Page1529
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 |
14) OliverJ.Robinson,AdamTewkesbury,SimonKemp,IanD.Williams,Towardsauniversalcarbonfootprintstandard:A casestudyofcarbonmanagementatuniversities,JournalofCleanerProduction,Volume172,2018,Pages4435 4455, ISSN0959 6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.147
Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 ISO 9001:2008
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056
13) LidijaČuček,JiříJaromírKlemeš,ZdravkoKravanja,AReviewofFootprintanalysistoolsformonitoringimpactson sustainability, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 34, 2012, Pages 9 20, ISSN 0959 6526, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.02.036