International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 11 | Nov 2021
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SIMULTANEOUS OPERATION OF OLTC AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PRIYANKA LODHA1, PUSHPENDRA SINGH2 of Electrical Engineering Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer Professor in Department of Electrical Engineering Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------2Assistant
1Department
Abstract - The optimal integration of distributed energy resources (DER) is a mind bogglingly complex optimization problem
that traditional optimization methods cannot solve efficiently. This paper solve the problem of DER mix in active distribution network using a genetic algorithm and power flow methods. A new multi objective DER integration problem is formulated to find the optimal sites, sizes while concurrently optimizing the positions of tap of on load tap changing transformer. Considering objectives like losses, DG penetration and voltage profile under different loading conditions. And its impact on voltage stability index .The proposed problem is successfully implemented in matlab on two benchmark distribution network of 33 and 69 buses. Good agreement in matlab/simulink simulation studies and experimental evaluations proves that this method effectively decreases losses and DG penetration, controlling voltage stability parallelly maximizing VSI, in all the techniques of optimal allocation of distributed generation .Consequently reducing the concern over satisfactory and reliable operation.
Key Words: On load tap changer (OLTC), distributed energy resources (DER), active distribution network (ADN), distributed generation (DG), genetic algorithm(GA),voltage stability index(VSI), shunt capacitor (SC).
1. INTRODUCTION Distributed generation are defined differently based on the various parameters like voltge level , size of DG, and technology used whether it’s a renewable DG ,co-generation,non dispatched etc.[1].According to CIGRE ,the council on large electric systems ,define it as a system that is not centrally planned or dispatched size should be smaller than 50-100MW and connected to the distribution side of the system [2].There are many author that defined DG based on the size of DG connected on the generation end [1].For example micro distributed generation for 1w to 5KW,small distributed generation for 5KW to 5MW, medium distributed generation 5MW to 50MW,and large distributed generation 50MW to 300MW.There are various benefit of using distribution generation for requirement and effectiveness of the supplied electricity . It is necessary to optimally locate and size DG resources. [3] Optimal dg placement can provide with more reliability, minimum voltage deviation and many other benefits as well. Whereas non optimal placement of the DG may decrease reliability and stability of the system. There are various optimization based methods which has been utilized to place the dg some of them are ant lion optimization algorithm, hybrid particle swarm optimization , the backtracking search optimization algorithm, Stud Krill herd Algorithm, crow search algorithm etc. Various paper on above mentioned algorithm are published considering different techniques of dg placement. Like variables objective, constraints, quantity of DG units, nature of load, planning method etc.[11],[8],[9].This research paper utilizes the conventional genetic algorithm method for DG placement in two different bus system using OLTC method for decreasing losses as well as DG penetration of the system significantly .It also uses OLTC with shunt capacitor to show that it is also compatible with other methods giving similar benefits and better .
2. PROBLEM FORMULATION In general we have to achieve multiple objectives simultaneously along with the minimization of power losses there are other parameters distribution companies must take into consideration such as voltage regulation ,reliability, power quality ,frequency etc.[6] In this problem ,we take three equivalent parameters to optimize simultaneously, minimizing system losses ,minimizing voltage deviation, maximizing voltage stability index. As voltage deviation alone is not enough we use VSI to check voltage stability. OBJECTIVE FUNCTION The following objective function has been formulated
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