International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Connecting Communities: An Android Social Networking Application with Firebase & Java
Aditi Shelke1 , Krushnal Patil2 , Shatrughn Pinjari3 , Avinash Pratap Budaragade4
1 Student, D.Y.Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
4Asst. Professor, D.Y.Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India ***
Abstract - The internet has revolutionized communication, enabling seamless interaction throughvariousmediaformats. Our proposed system, "Connecting Communities: An Android Social Networking App built with Firebase & Java" presents a detailed technical approach to developing an Android application using Firebase and Java, unite users from various locations, enabling them to connect, share media, documents, and engage in chat conversations. The Android-based system incorporates crucial features such as group chat, stories, user profile management, and private messaging, essential for a robust social networking experience. Key components include Firebase Database for real-time updates, Firebase Authentication for secure login and registration,andFirebase Storage for media file storage, ensuring smooth handling of user-generated content (UGC). The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the technical aspects, including data structures, algorithms, and best practices, making it accessible to developers. This project aims to provide students with a dedicated platform to showcase their work, connect with peers, and explore opportunities for collaboration.
Key Words: Android Architecture, Application Development, Cross Platform Application, Usergenerated content (UGC)
1. INTRODUCTION
Communication is a mean for people to exchange messages. The emergence of computer network and telecommunication technologies bears the same objective thatistoallowpeopletocommunicate.Chattingisamethod of using technology to bring people and ideas together despite of the geographical barriers. The technology has been available for years but the acceptance it was quite recent.Ourprojectisanexampleofachatserver.Itismade upofapplicationstheclientapplicationwhich runsonthe usersmobileandserverapplicationwhichrunsonanypcon the network. To start chatting our client should get connected toserverwheretheycandoGroupandprivate chatting.
Socialnetworkingappscanbeusedforpersonalneedsto connect, interact, react to people, share information, get someanswersconcerninggroundseventsandenactsupport andmovement.WeusedFirebasewhichisascalable,realtimesupportforweb- basedapplication[1].Itisa mobile
applicationplatformwithtoolsandinfrastructuredesigned to help developers build high-quality apps. This project emphasisongatheringpeoplesotheycangivetheirpointof viewonacommoninterest,Theapplicationconsistofmany categoriesfortheusertoregisterunderandviewcontentsof their interest. This app will help the people to share their pointofview,information,interestallunderoneplatform andsametimetheycanpromotetheirbusinessiftheyhave onecurrentmarketsuggeststhatsocialplatformisbestto reach your target market. The inspiration for this project camefrom other well-knownappslike Facebook,Twitter, andYouTubethatattractpeoplebutdon'tprovideaforum orothermediumwhereusersmayconverseaboutacertain subject andalsoacquirepopularityand buildconnections through it. The aim is to combine the use of all the major appscurrentlybeingusedandenhancethesimplicityforthe user to make it more user friendly after observing the currentgiantsocialnetwork.Wedidunderstoodthatnow peoplearelookingforsomethinguniquethatallowsthemto communicate with large group of people with the same interest,nowsocialnetworkinghasbecameplatformtosell dataduetothisactualexperienceoftheuserishampered
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
Thearticleexplorestheroleofsocialnetworksindailylife and the associated privacy and security risks [1]. It emphasizes the need for proactive measures to address challenges such as data breaches, identity theft, and cyber stalking.ThepaperbySinghandSharmadelvesintospecific privacyrisksassociatedwithsocialmediause,includingdata breaches, identity theft, and cyber-stalking. The analysis extends to various security measures, such as encryption protocols,robustauthenticationmechanisms,andstringent access control protocols. This approach aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics underlying these challenges and contribute valuable insights to researchers, policymakers, and users vested in enhancing socialnetworks'privacyandsecuritylandscape[1].
Intheirstudy,theresearchfindingsrevealthat78%of users reported privacyissues, indicating the prevalenceof challengesonsocialmediaplatforms.Specificissueslikedata breaches and identity theft underscore the urgency of addressingtheseconcerns.Thestudy'semphasisonstrategic approaches highlights the importance of implementing policiesandpracticestoprotectuserdata.Itcontributesto
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
the broader discussion on privacy and security in social networks,andcanhelpinformthedevelopmentofeffective strategiestomitigatetheserisks.
Socialnetworksites(SNSs)havebecomeanincreasingly popular form of online communication and have been the subject of extensive research in recent years [2]. The literatureonSNSscoversa widerangeoftopics,including networkstructure,impressionmanagement,bridgingonline andofflinesocialnetworks,andprivacyconcerns[2].Several key articles have made significant contributions to our understandingoftheseplatforms.Oneoftheearliestarticles byBoyd(2004)examinedFriendsterasaplatformforusers tonegotiatepresentationsofselfandconnectwithothers[2]. Shehighlightedhowusersconstructtheironlineidentities andengageinimpressionmanagementthroughtheirprofiles and connections. This is relevant to our understanding of userbehaviorandengagementonSNSs.
Danah boyd (2004) further explored the concept of "publicdisplaysofconnection"onSNSsassignalsofidentity. They argued that by verifying the identity information providedinprofiles,thesedisplaysassistpeopleinnavigating thenetworkedsocialworld.Thisisconsistentwithhowwe believeuserstocommunicatetheiraffiliationsandinterests onSNSs,whichhelpstocreateonlinecommunities.Another importantstudybyLampe,Ellison,andSteinfieldfocusedon therelationshipbetweenonlineinteractionsandofflinesocial networksonFacebook.TheyfoundthatFacebookprimarily supportsexistingofflinerelationships,ratherthanfacilitating new connections. This supports our argument that SNSs serve as extensions of users' real-world social networks, influencingtheirbehaviorandinteractionsonline[2,14].
Hugo Liu's work on analyzing MySpace profiles [2] provided insights into users' performance of tastes and interests through their profile content. By modeling preferenceslistedonMySpaceprofiles,Liucreatedunique "tastemaps"thatrevealedpatternsofbehaviorandinterests amongusers.Thisisrelevanttoourunderstandingofhow usersexpressthemselvesandconnectwithotherusersbased onsharedinterests.Overall,thesearticlescontributetoour understandingofhowusersinteractandpresentthemselves onSNSs,providingvaluableinsightsintothesocialdynamics oftheseplatforms[2].
According to the article [3], the digital economy has becomeamajordriverofeconomicgrowthanddevelopment worldwide.Itisgrowing2.5timesfasterthanthetraditional economy,andnowaccountsfor15.5%ofit.Thisgrowthis fueledbyhigh-speedinternet,digitalinfrastructureforpublic and government services, and access to a wide variety of content. In fact, India has been experiencing particularly rapid growth in the app economy, with a projected 32% increase-morethanfourtimestheGDPgrowthrate[3][4]. Indiahassetatargetofachievinga$5trillioneconomy,with $1trillioncontributedbythedigitaleconomy.Withasteadily growing smartphone user base of 610 million and data
consumption reaching nearly 17 GB/month/user, India is wellonitswaytoachievingthisgoal.
In2020,coredigitalsectorscontributed7-8%totheGDP, andIndia'sexportofICT-relatedservicesranksamongthe highest globally. This growth has been facilitated by the government'sfocusondigitalizationasakeydevelopment strategy, which has led to the thriving of digital startup ecosystems. Further, the institutional infrastructure for digital financial transactions, including UPI and BHIM, has facilitated the spread of digital transactions, leading to greaterformalizationoftheeconomy.
Aruna Sundararajan [4],Chairperson ofthe Broadband IndiaForum(BIF),emphasizedtheimportanceofappswithin this digital framework, noting that they playa vital rolein empowering individuals, businesses, and governments to make informed, data-driven decisions. This integration of appsintothedigitaleconomyisexpectedtoenhanceoverall productivityandcontributepositivelytothecountry'sGDP [4].
However, achieving the full potential of the digital economy will require retraining and redeployment of workers, increased cybersecurity measures, data privacy concerns, and regulatory frameworks to ensure fair competition. [3] The study gives insights about how the importance of apps is driving economic growth and productivity, aligning with the broader discussion on the implications of the App Economy for job creation and economicdevelopmentinIndia[4].
Socialmediahasbecomeanintegralpartofconnecting billions of people worldwide, and with the trends and technologiesevolvingatarapidpace,ithasopenedupnew andexcitingpossibilitiesforthefuture.Theseadvancements are reshaping the land of Android development, as highlightedinastudybyAnkitBawaneetal.[5].Thestudy identifieskeytrendssuchasinterest-basedcontent,virtual reality(VR),augmentedreality(AR),livestreaming,artificial intelligence (AI), smart content curation, chatbots for customer support, and automated moderation that are significantlyinfluencingthefutureofsocialmedia.
According to Moz, by 2024, more than 50% of internet userswillregularlyengagewithaugmentedrealitycontent onsocialmediaplatforms[7].Theriseofephemeralcontent, although popular, raises significant issues regarding data privacy and security [5, 7]. However, leveraging the full potentialofsocialmediacanleadtoimprovementsinuser experience, trust, and business outcomes, enabling the engagement, inspiration, and connection of communities worldwide.
The impact of emerging technologies like AR and AI is shaping personalized and immersive user experiences on social media platforms [2].It is crucial to address the challengesposedbyprivacyconcernsandthenecessityfor
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
transparencyandethicalconsiderationsregardingAI.Asthe study by Bawane et al. [5] emphasizes, there is a need for ethicalpracticesandtransparencyaroundAI,whichwould enablesocial media platformstoimproveuserexperience, trust, and business outcomes. In conclusion, social media platformswillcarryondevelopingandutilizingcutting-edge technology like AI and AR to create tailored and engaging user experiences. To fully utilize social media to engage, inspire,connect,andinvolvecommunitiesaroundtheworld, itisimportanttosolveprivacyproblemsandethicalissues surroundingAI.
In conclusion, this literature reviewed underscores the profound impact of social media and app development on modern society, particularly in India. The rise of social networkingsiteshasnotonlytransformedcommunication patterns but also raised significant concerns regarding privacyandsecurity[10].Concurrently,theappdevelopment industry in India has witnessed exponential growth, positioning the country as a global leader in developer populations and mobile app downloads. This growth is intricately linked to the digital economy, which is driving economicgrowthandinnovation.Aswenavigatetheeverchanginglandscapeofsocialmediaandappdevelopment,it becomes increasingly crucial to address privacy concerns, leverage emerging technologies responsibly, and foster an ecosystemthatpromotesinnovationwhilesafeguardinguser interests.Theliteraturereviewedprovidesvaluableinsights intothesedynamicfields,highlightingtheopportunitiesand challenges that lie ahead in the realm of social media and applicationdevelopment.
3. OBJECTIVES AND PROPOSED WORK
A. Objective:
The proposed architecture of the system is intended to provide a comprehensive view of its functionality, with a focusonsimplicityandefficiency.Thedevelopmentplatform for the system will be Android Studio, with programming languageJava.Theproposedwork will focuson exploring data structures and algorithms suitable for efficient management and retrieval of UGC within the app. The system will utilize Firebase as the Backend as a Service (BaaS)toenablereal-timeupdates,userauthentication.The FirebaseRealtimeDatabasewillbeusedforreal-timedata synchronizationbetweenclientsandservers,whileFirebase Authenticationwillbeusedforuserlogin/registrationand securecredentialmanagement.Theapplicationisdesigned to provide a platform for students to connect with organizations that share similar interests. By creating a community through the app, students can discover new opportunities. Additionally, the app facilitates communicationbetweenstudent-ledorganizationsandtheir targetaudience,ensuringthattheircontentreachestheright people. The application is solely dedicated to students allowingthemtoformanambientcommunitythroughthe
app. This way, student-directed organizations will have accesstotherightaudiencethatvaluestheircontent.
B. Proposed Work
TheproposedworkforthisAndroid-basedsocialmediaapp involves multiple aspects, including system architecture design,userinterfacedesign,communitybuildingfeatures, andsecurityimplementation.Thedevelopmentprocesswill focusoncreatingascalableandefficientsystemarchitecture that leverages Firebase for backend operations and data storage, as well as modular design principles to enhance maintainabilityandextensibility.Theuserinterfacedesign will prioritizeanintuitiveandvisuallyappealingplatform thatadherestomoderndesignprinciplesandbestpractices to improve user experience. The application is solely dedicated to students allowing them to form an ambient community through the app. This way, student-directed organizations will have access to the right audience that valuestheircontent.Weunderstandtheissueofbothparties notbeingabletofindtherightplatformtoshowcasetheir workandreadusefulcontent,asonotherplatforms,thereis a mix of everything leading to distractions and wasteful activities.Therefore,bydevelopingthisapplication,weaim to build a bridge between users and organizations with commoninterests,increasingopportunitiesforbothparties.
4. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1
Architecture:
The messaging app's architecture is designed around the Model-View-View-Model (MVVM) pattern, leveraging Firebasefordatastorageandreal-timeupdates.TheMVVM pattern separates the app into three main components: Model, View, and View-Model. The Model represents data objects such as Users, Messages, UserStatus, and status, interacting with Firebase for CRUD operations. The View consists of UI components like layouts and adapters, observingchangesintheView-Model andupdatingthe UI accordingly.TheView-Modelservesasabridgebetweenthe datastoredintheModelandtheuserinterface,bypreparing thedatafordisplayandhandlingalluserinteractionsand businesslogicrelatedtotheUI.Thisarchitectureguarantees a clear separation of concerns, making the code more modular,maintainable,andtestable.Italsoallowsforeasier scalability,enablingtheadditionormodificationoffeatures withoutimpactingotherpartsoftheapp.
4.1.1
User Interface (UI):
Thedesignoftheuserinterface(UI)forthemessagingapp focuses on efficiency and user engagement. Key elements include:
• UtilizationofaRecycler-Viewtodisplaymessages efficiently,handlingpotentiallylargemessagevolumes.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
• Distinctlayoutsforsenderandreceivermessages suchassender_layout.xmlandreceiver_layout.xml.
• Display of message content, sender name, profile pictures,andreactionicons.
4.1.2 User Interaction Flow:
• Login/Registration:Userslogin/registerwithemail andpasswordorsocialmediaintegration.
• HomeScreen:Displaysuserswithprofilepictures, names,andstatuses;topsectionshowsuserstories.
• ChatScreen:Displayschatmessages,allowsusersto typeandsendmessages,andaddreactionstomessagesor images.
4.1.3
Modules:
Theappincludesseveralmodulesformanagingdifferent aspectssuchas:
1. Users Management Module: Used for managing the Usersdetails.
2. PhotosModule:UsedformanagingthedetailsofPhotos
3. VideosModule:UsedformanagingthedetailsofVideos
4. Friends Management Module: Used for managing the information
5. PostsModule:UsedformanagingthePostsdetails
6. Shares Module: Used for managing the Shares information
7. LoginModule:Usedformanagingthelogindetails
8. Users Module: Used for managing the users of the system
4.1.4
Elements of Architectural Module –
• Upload post:Bythisoption,userscanuploadtheir notableworksorarticlesandpublishthem.Thisisoneofthe main features which will enable the writers to get spread theircreativitywiththeworld
• View post: Thiswillenablethereaderstoviewor see the post of the writers who published their articles. Therewillalsobeacategorybaratthetopsectionofanapp fortheuserstoselectthecategoryoftheirinterest.Hence, thereaderscanenjoyavarietyofarticlesfromavarietyof genres.
• Likepost: ClickingLikebelowapostwillletpeople knowthatyouenjoyedanarticlewithoutleavingacomment. Just like a comment and anyone who see the post can see thatyoulikedit.Thisfeatureactuallyreducestheeffortof commentingonapostifyouarereluctantto.Justhitthelike buttonandyoupassedamessagethatyoulikedit.
• Follow/Following:ByhittingaFollowbuttonuser canfollowanotheruser
• Search Post: Beside going into an individual categoryandsearchingforthedesiredarticle,thesearchbar atthetopwillgivetheuserthechoicetosearchandreadany
articleofhisinterestandcanrevisitthearticlejustbytyping thetitleofthesame.
• Theme: Anapplicationwillhavetheoptionoflight anddarkmode.Hence,theusercanswitchbetweenthetwo asperhiscomfort
5. DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
Adata flowdiagram(DFD)isa graphical toprovidemore detailed structure it provides a detailed view of requirementsandflowofdatafromonebubbletoanother. This data flow diagram (DFD) represents a system for processing user requests and managing a database of information.
Figure 1: DFDLEVEL-1
Thesysteminteractswiththreemainentities:
• Users: Thesearetheindividualswhointeractwith thesystemtosubmitrequestsandviewinformation.
• Admin: An administrator is responsible for managingthesystem,includingaddingormodifyingdatain thedatabase.
• Database: Thisisacentralrepositorythatstoresall thesystem'sinformation.
4.2.1 Adapters:
• MessagesAdapter:Handlesdisplayingmessagesin chats, including text messages, photos, sender/receiver distinction,profilepictures.
• UserAdapter:Handlesdisplayinguserprofilesinthe userlistscreen,includingname,status,profilepicture,and initiatingchats.
• TopStatusAdapter:Handlesdisplayinguserstories atthetopofthehomescreen,showingprofilepictures,latest storycontent,andprogressindicators.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
6. ALGORITHM
ThecorefunctionalitiesoftheSocialMediaApparemanaged by several key algorithms. The app's architecture relies heavily on the RecyclerView with Adapter Pattern to facilitatethedisplayandmanagementofdataacrossvarious sectionsoftheapp,includingtheuserlist,chathistory,and topstorybar.
Here'sadetailedlookathowthesealgorithmswork:
1. User List Display (UserAdapter): TheRecyclerView's view pooling technique creates a limited number of view holders,whichsignificantlyimprovesperformanceforlarge userlistsbyavoidingthecreationanddestructionofviews for every user. Binds user data to view holders for name,status,andprofilepicture.
2. Chat History Display (MessagesAdapter): The MessagesAdapter manages the chat history data and populates the RecyclerView using view pooling to reuse message view holders for efficient memory usage and rendering. The adapter's onBindViewHolder binds the messagedata(content,sender,timestamp,reactions)tothe correspondingviewholderelementsLibrarieslikePicasso are used within the adapter to asynchronously load and displayprofilepicturesandmessageimages.
3. Top Story Bar (TopStatusAdapter): The TopStatusAdapterfollowsthesamepattern,managinguser story data and populating the RecyclerView.View pooling ensuresefficienthandlingofpotentiallymanyuserstories. Theadapterusesacustomviewholdertoaccommodateuser profile picture, latest story image/video, and a progress indicatorformultiplestories.Clicklistenersimplementedin theadapterlaunchStoryViewtodisplayalltheuser'sstories.
4.3 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
AsequencediagramasshowninFig2,inthecontextofUML, representsobjectcollaborationandisusedtodefineevent sequences between objects for a certain outcome. A sequence diagram is an essential component used in processesrelatedtoanalysis.
5. RESULT ANALYSIS
The final system will result as a real time communication application which provides the users to communicate to each other with an ease. The application will have a login page through which the user can register and login themselves. Home page of the application contains the previousmessagesifany.Theusercanbeabletosearchfor theotheruser.
Figure 2: Sequencediagram
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Screenshots: We have the result view as shown in screenshotsattachedbelow
3: Login/Registrationpage
CONCLUSION
The developed social media application successfully accomplishestheoutlinedobjectives,providinguserswitha platform for direct communication, content creation, consumption,andexchange.Keyfeaturesincludetheability tosendandreceivetextmessages,createchatrooms,and searchfordiversecontentandinformation.Theapplication fosters the exchange of views and information on various topicswithinthesechatrooms,allowinguserstoengagein meaningfuldiscussionswhilemaintainingtheoptiontohide theiridentitieswhendesired.
Aspartoffutureendeavors,theworkcanbeextendedby introducing new features and exploring additional possibilitieswithintherealmofAndroidapplications.This includestheimplementationofafeatureallowingusersto sharenoteswithclassmates,fosteringcollaborativelearning. Theadditionoflivenotices,blogs,andanotificationssystem would further enhance user engagement and keep them informedaboutimportantupdates.Anexamdiscussionblog can be introduced to facilitate academic discourse among users.
Furthermore,theapplication'spotentialcanbeexpanded byincorporatingfeaturesforcommunicationandplanning of events, enabling users to organize and participate in various activities seamlessly. Additionally, a dedicated section for college placement-related notices can be integrated,assistingusersinstayinginformedaboutcareer
Image 1:ChatView
Image 2: GroupChatview
Image
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
opportunities. As part of our ongoing commitment to innovation,futureworkwillfocusonintroducingthesenew features and exploring additional possibilities within the Androidapplicationrealm.Thiscouldinvolverefininguser interactions,enhancinginterfaceaesthetics,andembracing emergingtechnologiestomeetevolvinguserexpectations andtechnologicaladvancements
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