Cloud Computing Research Developments and Future Directions

Rajesh Kumar

Rajesh Kumar, Department of Computer Science, Radha Govind University, Ramgarh, Jharkhand ***

Abstract - Cloudcomputinghasthepotentialtorevolutionisethecommercialworldasweknowit,butitalsopresentsmany unexplored avenues for study. To better understand the state of cloud computing research, we perform comprehensive literatureevaluations.Therewere188scholarlyjournalandconferencepaperscited.Afterreadingeacharticle,wewereable todeduceitsessentialideasandusethosetocreateataxonomy.Ourresearchhasshownthattherearefourmaincategories relatedtocloudcomputing,including(1)advantagesanddisadvantages,(2)implementation,(3)results,and(4)thepresent technologicalandresearchstatusofthefield.Initsfinalsection,thestudyposesaseriesofquestionsthatneedtobeexplored further,boththeoreticallyandexperimentally.Inadditiontoidentifyingresearchgapsintheliterature,thisreviewoffersa referencesourceandclassificationforISresearcherswithaninterestincloudcomputing

Keywords: cloud computing, systematic literature review, themes, SAAS, IAAS, PAAS

1. INTRODUCTION

Armbrustetal.(2009)definecloudcomputingasthesoftwareandinfrastructurethatismadeavailableasaserviceoverthe Internet.Thedevelopmentofmassivedatacenters,developmentsinscalabilityandportabilityinIT,theemergenceofnovel businessmodels,andthepotentialfornovelformsofapplication,suchasinteractivemobilesoftware,arealldrivingforces. Cloudcomputingmaybeanewfieldofstudyinthefieldofinformationsystems,butithasalreadyattractedmanybusinesses andindividualsinquestofcostsavingsandincreasedproductivity.Concernsconcerningtheservices'dependabilityintermsof theirusefulness,safety,andexpectedresultscontinuetobevoicedbytheseparties.Asystematicliteratureevaluationwas performed using a predetermined search strategy with the goal of locating unanswered questions in the field of cloud computing research. ABI/INFORM database and Google scholar were the only search engines used, and the term "cloud computing"wasusedasthekeyword.Usingthesearticles,wewereabletoseeapatternemergeandgainanunderstandingof theexistingstudyfieldsincloudcomputing,allowingustospotuntappedresearchopportunities.Followingthis,avarietyof researchquestionsareposedbasedonthedatagleanedfromtheaforementionedliteraturereview.Eacharticlewasdissected inordertoextractitscentralargument.SeeTable1forasummaryofthefourcategorieswefoundinouranalysisofcloud computing:(1)advantagesanddisadvantages;(2)adoption;(3)outcomes;and(4)thestateofthefieldfromatechnological andresearchpointofview

Cloud Computing research area Studies

Benefitsandrisks

Adoption

Hosseinietal.(2010),Blumehnthal(2011),Aljabre(2012),Moraretal.(2011), Russelletal.(2010),Wang(2010),Katzan(2010),Rose(2011),BisongandRahman (2011),Durowojuetal.(2011),Marstonetal.(2011),Bermanetal.(2012).

HeinleandStrebel(2010),Lowetal.(2011),YangandHsu(2011),Barnes(2010),TruongandDustdar (2010),Klemsetal.(2009),Vaezi(2012).

Outcomes Etro(2011),Truong(2010),Sharif(2011),Bajenaru(2010),Shen(2011),Han(2011).

Currentstate

Marstonetal.(2011),Zhangetal.(2011),Hosseinietal.(2010),Wangetal.(2011), Limbasan(2011),Armbrustetal.(2009),Hobergetal.(2012).

Table 1 –Research Areas

2 ADVANTAGES AND HAZARDS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

2.1 Research on the broad consequences.

Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcloudcomputingwereinvestigatedinthreestudies.Hosseinietal.(2010)conductedan empiricalstudytoexaminetheprosandconsofmovinganITinfrastructuretothecloud.Risksandbenefitswereexamined

fromdifferentperspectivesinBlumehnthal(2011)andAljabre(2012).Asummaryofthebenefitsanddrawbackshighlighted intheseresearchpapersareshowninTable2.

Hosseinietal.(2010)claimthatmovingalegacysystemtothecloudcanresultinsignificantsavings,oneofthemostwidely toutedadvantagesofcloudcomputing.Theytookawiderangeofstakeholderopinionsintoaccountandconductedempirical researchintothepotentialbenefitsandhazardsofmovinganoilandgasindustryITsystemfromanon-premisesdatacentreto AmazonEC2.Theylookedatonecompanyindetail,conductinginterviewsandanalysingpaperstodeterminepricesandthen contrastingthosefigureswiththosefortheAmazonEC2cloud.Theirresearchshowedthatmovingtothecloudmighthelpa businesssavealotofmoney,particularlyonsupportandmaintenance.

Cloudcomputing,accordingtoAljabre(2012),canalsoreducetheneedforexpensivehardwareandsoftware.Asaresultofthis discovery,newbusinessesmaybeabletolowertheirprohibitivelaunchcostsandenterthemarket.Usingthesewebservices onlinecansavetimeandmoneycomparedtocreatingthosesamesoftwarefeaturesin-house.Theresearchalsofoundthat cloud computing can improve remote teams' ability to work together effectively. Hosseini et al. (2010) also noted that stakeholderscanhelpanorganisationsucceedbyprovidingfeedbackoncurrentofferingsandideasforfutureenhancements tobothexistingandnewproductsandservices.Thereareanumberofadvantages,includinglowcost,scalability,andthe chanceforstafftolearnnewskills.Ontheotherhand,cloudcomputingisnotwithoutitsdangers.AccordingtoBlumehnthal (2011), the dangers and benefits of embracing cloud computing may vary by industry, hence each sector needs its own research.Blumehnthalalsocautionedagainsthastilyadoptingcloudserviceswithoutfirstcarefullyassessingthemyriadof securityrisksassociatedwiththem.Eachlinkinthecloudsupplychain,fromtheendusertothecompanytothecloudservice provider, may introduce new security vulnerabilities. There may also be dangers associated with the accessibility, dependability,policy,andregulationofservices.AccordingtoAljabre(2012),theadvantagesofcloudcomputingforsmall firmsoutweighthepotentialdownsides.Reasonsforthisincludeloweringinfrastructureexpensesandloweringoperational personnelcosts,andincreasingthevaluethatsmallenterprisesprovidetocustomers.

Benefits Risks Studies

Costsavings

Opportunitytoconcentrateoncorecompetencies

Elasticityofservice

Facilitateonlinecollaboration

Modulesreusability

2.2 Research on individual dangers and rewards

Securitythreats

Availability

Reliabilityofservice

Regulations

Privacyconcerns

Lackofstandards

Hosseinietal.(2010)

Aljabre(2012)

Blumehnthal(2011)

Multipleresearchexaminedonepotentialupsideordownsideofcloudcomputing.Forinstance,theimprovedefficacywas investigatedbyMoraretal.(2011)inanempiricalinvestigation.TheriskstoserviceavailabilitywereexaminedbyRussellet al.(2010),andtheriskstoprivacywereexaminedbyWang(2010),intwomoreempiricalstudiesthatlookedintothepotential dangersofemployingcloudcomputingtechnologyinanorganisation.Theimpactofsecurityandscalabilityoncloudbusiness processeswasinvestigatedbyDurowojuetal.(2011).Table3providesabriefoverviewoftheseinvestigations.Dependingon processingpowerorstoragerequirements,nearlyunlimitedresourcescanbeused,whichiswhyMoraretal.(2011)include efficiency as a benefit. They showed that a faster application may be achieved through the use of workflows and cloud resourceswithoutspendingalotofmoneyoncomputepower.ForaneBaydataretrievalapplication,acasestudybasedona workflowwasbuilt.Thesystemwasthenusedtosimulatetheimprovementinspeedthatmayberealisedbyisolatingpartsof anapplicationandrunningtheminparallel,withouttherequirementforadvancedknowledgeofparallelprogramming.They discoveredthattheircloudparallelism-basedsystemgreatlyoutperformedalternativesintermsofscalabilityandspeed.Ina DecisionSupportSystem(DSS)setting,Russelletal.(2010)assessedhowoscillationsincloudserviceavailabilityaffectedthe successofdecisionresults.ResearchersemployedahypotheticalstocktradingdecisioninvolvinganS&P500componentfor theirexperiment.Theymodelledtheavailabilityofresourcesusingaprobabilisticmodelandassessedhowtheoutageaffected the DSS's performance. Researchers found that cloud-based DSS performance can be affected by availability context information.Inaddition,thereisacorrelationbetweentheavailabilityofcomputationalresourcesandthelikelihoodofmaking therightcall.

Inthesecondphase,weusedqueuingtheorytoexaminewhyandhowscalabilityshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenchoosing cloudpartners.Accordingtotheresearch,supplychainpartnersmayonlyreapthebenefitsofusingacloudserviceifitisboth highlysafeandhighlyscalable.

AsKatzan(2010)pointsout,privacyismorecomplicatedinacloudenvironmentintermsoflaws,policies,andrepercussions, thusit'simportanttoanalyseandunderstandthembeforeusingcloudcomputing.However,Rose(2011)cautionedaboutthe dangersposedbythe"tragedyofthecommons."Thatistosay,businessesthatusethesamecloudwouldbesimilarlyaffected. Theperformanceoftheentirecloudmightbenegativelyimpacted,andtheavailabilityofthecloudcouldbejeopardised,ifone company'sdataorcloudserviceweretobeattacked,crash,orrequiremoreresourcesthanintended.

BothBisongandRahman(2011)andMarstonetal.(2011)addressedthetopicofsecurityincloudcomputing,offeringadvice on how businesses may take precautions to keep their data safe. Before deploying cloud computing, authors advise organisationstocheckandunderstandcloudsecurityrisks,analysethem,andpreparestrategiestofixthem.Finally,Bermanet al.(2012)polled572ITandbusinessexecutivesfromthroughouttheworld.Thefindingsdemonstratedthatcloudcomputing is an acknowledged technology with significant promise that has not yet been fully realised. Three distinct "business archetypes"emergedfromtheanalysis,eachofwhichprovidesinsightintotheprevalenceofcloudcomputinginmodern businesses.Threedistinctsortsofcompanieshaveemergedasaresultofcloudcomputing:(1)optimizers,whoincreased productivitythroughcloudcomputing,(2)innovators,whodevelopednewrevenuestreamsbasedoncloudcomputinginside theirecosystem,and(3)disruptors,whointroducedwholenewvaluepropositionstothemarket.

Study Benefit/Risk Context

Moraretal. (2011)

Russelletal. (2010)

Wang(2010)

Durowojuetal. (2011)

Bermanetal (2012)

Efficiency

Serviceavailability

Privacy

Security/Scalability

Innovation

3. The Use of the Cloud

Workflows

DSS

CloudDatabases

CloudenabledBusiness Functions

ProcessesandBusiness model

Main Findings

Usingcloudparallelismimprovedscalability andachievedhigherspeed

Evenminoravailabilityfluctuationscaused seriouschangesinresultsofDSS

DevelopedtwoprivacymodelsforcloudDBs.

Guidelines to evaluate security and scalability

Guidelinestohelpdrivebusinessinnovation.

Cloudcomputingusageisthesecondmajortopicofstudy.Theorganisationalfactorsthatinfluencetheshifttocloudcomputing areinvestigatedinfourseparateempiricalinvestigations.Whatfactorsinfluenceadoptioninthehigh-techsector?Lowetal. (2011)investigatedthisquestion.HeinleandStrebel(2010)investigatedwhatfactorsinfluencebusinesses'decisionstouse infrastructureasa service(IaaS).However,YangandHsu(2011)proposedanalternativemethod(organisationlese)for investigatingcloudcomputing'swidespreaduseinbusinesses.Todevelopacomprehensiveframeworkfromwhichtogaina deepercomprehensionofcloudcomputing,Vaezi(2012)employedthegroundedtheorymethodandcompiledsecondarydata sources(suchasinterviewsandcasestudies).Variousarticles'attemptstomakesenseoftheadoptionchoicereliedona varietyoftheoreticalmodelsandunderlyingassumptions.Forinstance,HeinleandStrebel(2010)createdamodelofIaaS acceptabilitybasedonthefactorsthatencourageanddiscouragetheuseofthisservice. Basedonconversationswithindustry experts,weknowthatthepresenceofinternalinnovationchampionsandfavourableattributesinIaaSproviders(suchaslarge scaleandagoodreputation)aremajorfactorsinthemodel'ssuccess.Thesewerefoundtohaveafavourableeffectonthe likelihoodofadoptingIaaS.TheyalsodiscoveredthatthelackoffamiliaritywithIaaSandthedifficultyinweighingthecosts andbenefitsofexistingIaaSproductsaretwoofthemostsignificantobstacles.Technology-Organization-Environment(TOE) wasutilised byLowetal.(2011)tocreate a theoretical model that looked intowhatpreventshigh-techcompanies from adoptingcloudcomputing.Theinformationwasgatheredfrom111differentTaiwanesebusinessesviaaquestionnairesurvey. Theappropriatehypothesesweredevelopedandexamined.Cloudcomputingadoptionwasfoundtobesignificantlyinfluenced byfactorslikerelativeadvantage,topmanagementsupport,firmsize,competitivepressure,andtradepartnerpressure.But YangandHsu(2011)tookadifferenttackintheirresearchonindustry-leveladoption,lookingatitthroughtheprismof "organising vision" to acknowledge the impact of the industry at large on individual businesses. They gave a secondary

examinationoftheinstitutionalproceduresthathaveledtothedevelopmentofTaiwan'scloudcomputingsector.Theauthors pointoutthatitisnotappropriatetostudyanorganisationinisolation,aseachentityispartofalarger,moreintricatenetwork oforganisationsinvolvedinthedialogueprocessoftechnologicalcreation.Thestudyindicatedthatmanyfactorsinfluencingan adoptiondecisionarenotbasedwithintheorganisation,butratherarepartofalargercommunitynetwork,primarilylinking internalcyclesofinterpretationtothoseattheinstitutionallevel.

Klemsetal.(2009)providedasimplevaluationstep-by-stepguidingframeworktoassesstheworthofcloudcomputingand contrastittotraditionalin-houseITinfrastructure,whichcanbehelpfulinmakinganadoptionchoice.Finally,Vaezi(2012) usedagroundedtheoryapproachbasedoninterviews,casestudies,andscholarlyarticlestoexaminethelandscapeofadopting cloudcomputingfromseveralvantagepoints.Inthebooksheread,hediscoveredseveraltypesofideasconcerningadoption. Each of them was broken down into its own subcategory, such as: causes, cloud computing as the phenomena, context, mediators,responses,andoutcomes.Basedontheseclassifications,atheoreticalmodelwasdevelopedthatillustratedboththe variables that hinder adoption and the methods that can be used to facilitate it. Articles discussing the spread of cloud computingarecompiledinTable4.Twoconceptualstudiesexploredtheadoptioninspecificscenarios,indicatingpotential facilitatorsandconstraintsofcloudcomputingbeyondtheaforementionedstudies.Forinstance,Barnes(2010)introduced cloudcomputingtotheRecordsandInformationManagement(RIM)communitybydiscussingthemigrationofrecordsand RIMtothecloud.Barnessuggestedthinkingaboutthingsincludingprice,security,performance,availability,businessviability, andlegalcompliancewhilemakingavendorselection.However,TruongandDustdar(2010)investigatedcloudcomputing acceptanceamongstmodest-sizedCSElabs.ThelackofcostestimationtoolsandthecomplexityofusingIaaSforresearchers are only two of the difficulties they've uncovered that limit widespread use of cloud computing by small CSE research organisations.Theyalsolistedadvantagessuchasreducedexpenditures,enhancedinformationexchange,andfruitfulresearch findings

4. CLOUD COMPUTING'S RELEVANT RESULT(S)

Thestudyofhowcloudcomputinghasaffectedvarioussectorsandbusinessesisknownasthe"cloudcomputingoutcomes" field.Themajorityoftheresearchwelookedatpaintedapositivepictureofcloudcomputing'seffectsonendusers.These predictions were based on speculation rather than hard data. Etro (2011) used a macroeconomic simulation model to investigatethelong-termeffectsofcloudcomputingontheEuropeaneconomy.Etrodiscoveredthatthewidespreadadoption ofcloudcomputingisassociatedwithahigherrateofannualgrowthandthecreationof newjobseachyearthankstothe proliferationofsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesses(SMEs).Thegovernmentmaysavemoneyaswell.Whenitcomestosmall firms,however,Truong(2010)hasbuiltaresearchmodelofcloudcomputingfromamanagerialperspective.Truongproposed aresource-basedviewofthefirmtorecommendadaptablecloudcomputingproductsandinter-connectivityasameansby whichsmallenterprisesmightgainacompetitiveedge.Thatistosay,publiccloudcomputingmayprovideameanstoenhance connectionswithandcollaborationsbetweenstakeholders.Anorganization'sabilitytoinnovateandworktogetherwithits partnersisdirectlytiedtohowwellthecompany'sstrategicusageofcloudcomputingresourcesiscoordinated.Security, intellectualproperty,andtrustworthinessofcloudservicesmoderatethisconnection.Theauthorsarguethatdoingsowould givetheircompanyadistinctadvantageinthemarket.

Sharif(2011)arguedthatthepotentialofcloudcomputingisrealandnotjustamarketinggimmickforbusinesses.Ifusedand adopted correctly, cloud computing has the potential to utterly transform businesses, much like the Internet did when it allowedfortheexponentialgrowthofbusinessesalmostinstantlythankstoitsscalabilityandadaptability.Thisispossibleif businessesarefreetopickandchoosewhichpiecesofsoftware,hardware,andservicesbestsuittheirneeds.Cloudcomputing, asnotedbyBajenaru(2010),canplayasignificantroleinbridgingthe"digitaldivide"betweengiantcorporationsandsmall andmedium-sizedbusinesses.

Study Theories used







Lowetal.(2011) TechnologyOrganizationEnvironment Framework Questionnairebasedsurvey

 Relativeadvantage

 Compatibility

 Topmanagement support

 Firmsize

 Technologyreadiness

 Competitivepressure

 Tradingpartner pressure

 Lackofstandards

 Legalrisks

 Security

 Lackofmonitoringtools

 Complexity

YangandHsu (2011) OrganizationVision Secondary analysis

 Communitydiscourse, structure,and commerce.

 ISpractitioner subculture.

 Adoptionofcore technology.Adoption anddiffusion.

Vaezi(2012) Developedownmodel Grounded Theory

 Infrastructural Expenses

 Unpredictabledemand

 Fluctuatingdemand

 Ubiquitousdemand

 Security/Privacy

 ServiceAvailability

 PricingModels

 LegalConsiderations

Table 4: Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption: An Empirical Analysis.

SaaS(SoftwareasaService)enablesSMEstouselarge-scalesystems,suchasEnterpriseResourcePlanning(ERP)orCustomer RelationshipManagement(CRM)systems,whichwerepreviouslyonlyaffordabletoandusedbymultinationalcorporations. According to Shen (2011), BI can be enhanced in the following ways: information agility; data accessibility; process transformation;costreduction;scalability;efficiencyandperformance;andperformance.Businessescanalsobenefitfromthis becauseitallowsthemtofocusonwhattheydobest.In2011,Hangaveatalkabouthisworktransferringalibrary'scatalogue tothe cloud.Theauthor remarkedthatswitchingto cloudcomputing resulted in hugesavings upto 90% andsystem flexibility.Theauthoralsothoughtthatthesystem'soverallsecurityandavailabilityweresuperiortothoseofthein-house system.ArticlesdiscussingtheresultsofusingthecloudarecompiledinTable5.

5. PROGRESS REPORTS ON CLOUD COMPUTING STUDIES

Numerous subsequent works (Marston et al. 2011, Zhang et al. 2011, Hosseini et al. 2010, Wang et al. 2011) continue to introducecloudcomputing'sfundamentalideasandaimtocataloguethefield'sexistingstatusandfutureresearchdirections Table6isacompilationofthestudies'suggestedresearchgoals.CloudcomputingwasfirstintroducedbyMarstonetal.(2011), who also analysed its benefits, drawbacks, prospects, and risks. They suggested which businesses should utilise cloud computingandwhichapps(likecustomerrelationshipmanagementsystemsatsalesforce.com)tomigratethere.Itcouldbetoo soontomoveolder,in-houseappsandsystemstothecloud,though.Cost-effectivenessanalysisshowsthatsmallandmediumsizedbusinesses(SMEs)havemoretogainfrommovingtothecloudthanlargeones.Thisisbecauselargerorganisationsmay already have cost-efficient ICT systems, but virtualization technologies may still help them. Economic benefits, strategic research(e.g.,theeffectofcloudcomputingoncompanyculture),informationsystemspolicy,researchintotheadoptionand implementationofnewtechnologies,andstudiesofgovernmentpolicyandregulationwereallhighlighted.Thecurrentstateof cloud computing was reviewed by Zhang et al. (2011). They explained the fundamental ideas and frameworks of cloud

computing.Theyalsodiscussedsomepotentialfutureroutesincomputerscienceresearchandprovidedanoverviewofthe commercial cloud products now on the market. Hosseini et al. (2010) also covered some additional fields of study. Organisationalchanges(thenewfunctionofITdepartment,theshiftinpoliticalpower,andtheeconomicandorganisational implicationsofcloud)werecitedasareasthatneedmoreresearchinthecontextofcloudcomputing.Furtherstudyisrequired becauseofconcernsaboutcloudcomputing'slegality,privacy,andsecurity.Inaquickoverview,Wangetal.(2011)analysed existing gaps and new developments in cloud computing research. They argue that cloud computing is one of the most significanttechnologicaldevelopmentsofthepastdecade,andthatthequickpaceoftechnologicaldevelopmentmakesit difficult for businesses to keep up. The study divides cloud computing studies into two distinct types: technical and organisational.Severalresearchconcerns,includingthesocio-technicalimpactofcloudcomputingandreliability,havenot beenextensivelyaddressedintheliterature,theauthorssuggest.Furthermore,researchintotheadministrativeproceduresof cloudcomputingdevelopmenthaslaggedbehind.Theyalsourgeresearchintocloudcomputingservices'benefitsoverthe conventionalmodel.Theyarealsoconcernedabouttheeffectsofthischangeonproductivityandtheentireorganisation.

Study Level/Context

Etro (2011)

Macroeconomic

 Positiveannualgrowthrate,

Outcomes/Impact

 HelpcreatenewjobseveryyearthroughthedevelopmentofnewSMEs.

 Therewouldalsobesavingsinpublicsector.

Truong (2010) Organization  Offersaprescriptionforgettinganun-substitutablecompetitiveadvantage

 Revolutionizebusinesses

Sharif (2011)

Bajenaru (2010)

Shen (2011)

BusinessSector

 CreatewholenewbusinesssectorsandindustriessimilartotheInternetrevolution

BusinessSector  Cloudcomputingcannarrowthe“digitaldivide”betweenlargeorganizationsand SMEs

 Transform(BI)appstoaself-serviceprocess

BIApplications

Han (2011) LibrarySystem

 ImproveBIintheareasofinformationagility,dataaccessibility,process transformation,costreduction,scalability,efficiencyandperformance.

 Costsavingsupto90%

 Moreflexibility

 BetteravailabilityandSecurity

Table 5: Outcomes/Impact of Cloud Computing Studies.

However,Limbasan(2011)didconstructaCRMprototypeusingadesignscienceapproach(Hevneretal.,2004)eventhough nootherstudieswerediscoveredtodoso.SaaSLevel2architectureandadistributeddatabasewereemployedintheirmodel foracustomerrelationshipmanagementsystemthatcombinedmultiplee-marketingandSaaSfeaturesandtechniques.They cameupwitha modularapproachtoachievingCRMande-marketinggoalsinthereal estateindustry.Lastbut notleast, Hobergetal.(2012)surveyedtheliteratureoncloudcomputingfromaneconomicviewpoint.Characteristics,adoptionfactors, governancemethods,andbusinesseffectarethefourfacetsofcloudcomputingthathavebeenhighlightedbytheresearchers. Whiletherehasbeenashiftawayfromfocusingonthetechnicalaspectsofcloudcomputing,thereisstillalackofempirical studyfromacommercialstandpoint.

6. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS AND DEFICIENT AREAS

Accordingtothispaper'sliteratureevaluation,manypreviousstudieshavefocusedonthepotentialdrawbacksandadvantages ofcloudcomputing.Serviceavailability,privacy,securitythreats,servicereliability,alackoflegislation,andalackofstandards wereallnamedaspotentialdangers.Ontheflipside,itwasdeterminedthatthereisaneedfortheoreticalandempirical supportforresearcheffortswithstatisticalevidencesinordertoopenupnewvenuesforresearchersandpractitioners.These include: cost savings, scalability, focus on core competencies, elasticity of service, facilitation of online collaboration, and reusability.Thesecondtopicofstudyishowcompaniesareimplementingcloudcomputing.Oursearchdidnotturnupany studiesthatfocusonadoptiononamicro-ormacro-level.Sincecloudcomputingmayalsoaffectpeople,thismaybeconsidered

agapintheresearch.SaaSservice,forinstance,iscommonlyusedasofficesoftwareanddocumentstorage.Howmuchwill people'shabitsalterasaresultofthisshift?Furthermore,thereisstillalackofclarityregardingthefactors(orstructures)that mayleadtowidespreadadoptionofcloudcomputing.What,moreover,wouldaccountforunsuccessfulcloudadoption?This paper also highlights the importance of studying the results of cloud computing implementation. Despite the numerous promisingresultsintroduced,currentresearchinthisfieldisstillregardedassubjectivesinceitlacksempiricaldatabasedon theoreticalmodels.Thispresentsachancetolearnmoreabouthowembracingthecloudmightmodifyanorganisation,its personnel,anditsdegreeofknowledge.Finally,thereareanumberofinterestingstudyquestionsthatcouldbeaskedusing designscience.Practicalexperiencesnaturallygiverisetothemostintriguingresearchproblems.Organisationsmayeventually confrontachallengeifSaaSbecomesthedominantplatformtrend;however,thischallengecanbelessenedbytheavailability of a trusted model to lead the process of moving legacy software into a SaaS model. In conclusion, our review analysis highlightedseveralopenresearchquestionsincloudcomputing.Weprovideanumberoftheoreticalandempiricalconcerns thatneedtobeexploredfurther.

 Howdoyouensurethatyourcompanywillbenefitfromcloudcomputing?

 Whatpersonalconsiderationsleadonetousecloudcomputingservices?

 Whenbusinessesimplementcloudcomputing,whathappens,howdoesthatgoover,andhowisitreceived?

 Howcanabusinessusethecloudtogainanedgeoverrivalsinthemarketplace?

 Howdoesacompanydeterminewhichcloudserviceorservicestouse?Whichfunctionsshouldbemovedtothecloud first?Design-basedmodelconstruction.

Study Research Gaps

Marstonetal.(2011)

Hosseinietal.(2010)

Wangetal.(2011)

Hobergetal.(2012)

 Economicbenefitsofcloudcomputing

 Impactofcloudcomputingoncorporateculture

 Informationsystemspolicy

 Technologyadoptionandimplementationresearch

 Governmentpolicy/regulationresearch.

 Organizationalchangescausedbythemigratingtothe cloud

 Politicalchangesinpower

 Economicandorganizationalimplicationofcloud

 Security,legalandprivacyissuesthatcloudcomputing raises

 Socio-technicalimpactofcloudcomputing

 Reliabilityofcloudcomputing.

 Exploringthemanagerialprocessesofcloudcomputing

 Valueofadoptingcloudcomputingservicesincontrast tousingtraditionalmodel

 Impactofadoptiononproductivityandonthe organizationasawhole.

 Customer-perspectiveofcloudcomputing

 EmpiricallystudyingFactorsdrivingorinhibitingthe adoptionofcloudservices

 Businessimpact

 Researchonstructures,processesandemployee qualificationtogoverncloudservicesfroma customer’sperspective

Table 6: Areas of Research suggested by studies

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BIOGRAPHIES

I, Rajesh kumar, Research Scholar at Radha Govind University Ramgarh, Jharkhand. & SystemAnalystinUniversityGrantsCommissionNewDelhi-110001.