B2B Nutramedic&Cosmetics No.5

Nutramedic &Cosmetics B2B

Heart and circulatory system health

Omega-3 and sports / Black garlic extract

Purification of omega-3 oils / Microencapsulation

Astaxanthin / Curcumin / Collagen

Editor's word

Dear business partners and colleagues,

We present to you the new, fifth issue of the B2B Nutramedic&Cosme magazine. Get ready to discover the lat est developments in food supplements and cosmetics.

This issue focuses on food supplements for athletes, with insight into potential ingredients in fin ished products that can contribute to the performance and recovery of professional and recreational athletes. We will be discussing omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, and astaxanthin. We also cover cardiovascular health and how supplements and lifestyle changes can help maintain its function. Additionally, we bring you a report from the Vitafoods Europe trade fair, which took place in Geneva from May 9th to 11th. We continue our series on contract manufacturer Fine Foods from Italy and introduce the new cosmetic brand Fraktal Beauty, which is the result of many years of knowledge and experience in the field of cosmetics…

Stay with your ultimate guide to success - the constantly evolving B2B Nutramedic&Cosmetics

Until the next edition,

Nutramedic &Cosmetics B2B

Bimonthly digital magazine for industry professionals in health, nutrition and cosmetics sector

Ingredients and raw materials / Contract manufacturing Equipment & Packaging / Services / Industry events www.nmc-magazine.com info@nmc-magazine.com

16

From raw to refined: The purification of omega-3 oils

19

EPA and DHA omega-3s' impact on brain health

20

Publisher: Darmell d.o.o.

Publisher: Darmell Ltd.

Cvjetna cesta 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

Cvjetna cesta 11, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska Mob: + 385 91 68 12 444 darmell@protonmail.com www.dar-mell.com

Supported by www.inpharma.hr The

Fine Foods' commitment to a sustainable future

22

Microencapsulation allows the controlled release of ingredients

Daria Šurić, M.pharm.

The positive effect of taking omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements in combination with exercise and sports

Omega-3 supplementation has been a topic of interest in the world of sports for some time.

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential nutrients that play a key role in maintaining overall health. They have anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial for athletes engaged in high-intensity training, as well as for amateurs and older people.

AUTHOR: Daria Šurić, M.pharm.

Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid supplementation has been a topic of interest in the world of sports for some time. Research has shown that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation can improve athletic performance and aid in recovery. It has been found to increase blood flow to muscles during exercise, which can help reduce muscle pain and fatigue. It has also been shown to improve lung function, which can be beneficial for athletes engaged in endurance training.

In addition to improving performance, omega-3 fatty acids also have a positive effect on overall health. They have been shown to reduce the risk of

heart disease, lower blood pressure, and improve brain function.

The choice of diet and consumption of nutrients through dietary supplements significantly affect body composition and metabolism. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been attracting attention in this field for some time. Omega-3 is the name for a group of essential fatty acids that have their first double bond at the third carbon atom from the methyl end of the hydrocarbon chain. They are essential fatty acids that the body cannot synthesize on its own, so we must obtain them through food or dietary supplements. They are responsible for numerous

cellular functions such as signaling, cell membrane fluidity, preservation of cell structure, and energy production. They also participate in the regulation of the nervous system, blood pressure, blood coagulation, glucose tolerance, and inflammatory processes.

Animal models and cell-based models show that omega-3 fatty acids can affect skeletal muscle metabolism. Furthermore, recent human studies show that they can affect not only training performance and metabolic response of skeletal muscles but also functional response during exercise periods. In addition, their potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects can provide support for health and improve performance, especially in individuals who practice physical activity, as exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species that act prooxidatively1

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in food, mostly in marine-derived foods such as fish, fish oil, algae, and some plant oils (e.g., flaxseed oil). The most important are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA).

In a review article entitled ‘Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport’, their importance in human nutrition is highlighted, with an emphasis on the potential health effects of their supplementation in athletes1

There is growing interest in finding effective nutrients and dietary supplements that can improve sports performance and recovery. Athletes often use dietary supplements to increase metabolic capacity, delay the onset of fatigue, improve muscle hypertrophy, and shorten recovery periods. In addition, they often face a decrease in immune function due to intense exercise and frequent challenging competitions, increasing their susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections. Moreover, exercise training represents physiological stress for the body, requiring a coordinated response from the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and nervous systems to increase blood flow and oxygen supply to working skeletal

muscles. At rest, muscles receive approximately 20% of total blood flow, but during exercise, this can increase to over 80%1.

The conclusion of the review was that dietary strategies and the use of dietary supplements containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can result in optimal training outcomes, improved recovery, reduced risk of illness, and high-level competitive performance. In addition, it was demonstrated that they could affect the mood and emotional states of athletes. This supports the view that DHA may improve performance in sports where perceptual-motor activity and decision-making are the key to success. Increasing omega-3 intake has the potential to be an ergogenic aid that enhances training and sport performance, at a low cost and with little risk1

Ergogenic aids may help prepare an individual for exercise, improve exercise efficiency, improve recovery after exercise, or help prevent injuries during intense training. In this regard, omega-3 has been recently considered as an ergogenic dietary supplement that could play a role in these processes which not only contrast exercise-induced inflammation but also improve the health of muscle and its energy availability2

Human beings evolved by consuming food that contained approximately equal amounts of omega-6 and omega-3 essential fatty acids. Today, in Western diets, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 ranges from approximately 10:1 to 20:1 instead of the traditional range of 1:1 to 2:1. Studies show that high intake of omega-6 fatty acids shifts the physiological balance to a prothrombotic and proaggregatory state, characterized by increased blood viscosity, vasospasm and vasoconstriction, and decreased bleeding time. Omega-3 fatty acids, on the other hand, have anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiarrhythmic, hypolipidemic and vasodilatory properties.

Excessive production of free radicals and tissue trauma during high-intensity exercise leads to an inflammatory state that is made worse by the presence of increased amounts of omega-6 fatty acids

FIGURE 1 Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle mass, strength, and performance

Taken from: HuangYH,ChiuWC,HsuYP,LoYL,WangYH.EffectsofOmega-3FattyAcidsonMuscleMass,MuscleStrengthand MusclePerformanceamongtheElderly:AMeta-Analysis.Nutrients.2020;12(12):3739.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

in Western diets, but this can be balanced by additional intake of omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). For most athletes, especially those at the leisure level, general guidelines should include EPA and DHA of about 1 to 2 g/ day in an EPA:DHA ratio of 2:12

Omega-3 fatty acids are precursors of prostaglandins, hormone-like compounds that help to reduce inflammation. The purpose of the following mentioned intervention study was to determine whether taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements for a week reduces clinical markers of localized inflammation measured 48 hours after eccentric arm curl exercise. In conclusion, these preliminary findings suggest that supplementation with DHA/EPA omega-3 at 3.000 mg/day for one week reduces severe localized soreness, as a sign of inflammation, resulting from eccentric strength exercises. Based on these findings, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation could provide benefits by minimizing post-exercise soreness and thus facilitating training in individuals, from athletes undergoing heavy conditioning exercises to sedentary individuals, patients starting exercise programs or medical treatments such as physical therapy or rehabilitation after heart attacks3

It is considered that omega-3 fatty acids change the muscle cell membrane by affecting membrane fluidity, receptor function, and cytokine production, which consequently reduces the negative effect of exercise on muscle damage4

The purpose of the double-blind, placebo-controlled study from 2017 was to examine the effect of two dietary supplements containing fish oil - one with a high EPA content (750 mg EPA, 50 mg DHA) and one with a low EPA content (150 mg EPA, 100 mg DHA)taken acutely as a recovery strategy after exerciseinduced muscle damage (EIMD). The study indicates that an acute dose of fish oil with a high EPA content can ameliorate functional changes following EIMD4

Omega-3 supplementation in elderly

As we age, we lose skeletal muscle mass and higher reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria of skeletal muscle cells lead to changes in muscle fibers. Taking omega-3 fatty acids, such as in the form of fish oil, has been shown to help lower inflammatory markers in the blood and alleviate delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage.

A meta-analysis conducted in 2020 aimed to evaluate the potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the poor performance associated with sarcopenia in people over 60 years of age5. Parameters of muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle performance were examined.

The decline in musculoskeletal performance associated with aging poses a significant risk for falls in the elderly and is becoming a major public health concern due to the rapidly growing aging population. Sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle mass and function) is common in advanced age and, along with weakness, is associated with serious adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, hospitalization, and early death5. Omega-3 supplementation is a potential solution to prevent sarcopenia in the elderly. The possible mechanism is shown in figure 1.

The present meta-analysis based on 10 studies found moderate evidence of a beneficial effect of omega-3 on muscle mass, especially for those taking dietary supplements at a dose greater than 2 g/ day. It was also noted that a long period of taking dietary supplements containing omega-3 may improve walking speed. It was concluded that appropriate supplementation with omega-3 may have benefits on muscle mass and performance among the elderly.

Omega-3 sources

ALA is the basic essential amino acid from which other essential fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, are

formed in the body by conversion. Alpha-linolenic acid can be enzymatically converted in the body to EPA and DHA, its long-chain derivatives. In contemporary Western diets, omega-3 can be found in plant sources rich in ALA such as flaxseed, hemp and rapeseed oil, chia and flax seeds, and in marine sources such as fatty fish (e.g., salmon), blue fish (sardines, mackerel), crustaceans (e.g. krill) and liver of lean fish, which is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)6

EPA, DHA and DPA can also be taken as dietary supplements (e.g., fish oil, krill oil, algae extract, flaxseed extract). The ratios of EPA:DHA: DPA vary in different sources, although DPA is generally a smaller quantitative component compared to EPA and DHA. Dietary supplements containing mainly EPA or mainly DHA (e.g., isolated from microalgae) are also available. Pure DPA is not commercialized for human consumption.

Recommended dosage

There is no official upper limit for omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, but some health organizations have issued guidelines based on safety and efficacy data. According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), additional intake of EPA and DHA together up to 5 g/day, and DHA alone up to 1 g/day, does not raise safety concerns for adults². The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers that up to 3 g/day of omega-3 from fish oil can generally be safe for healthy adults³. However, it is recommended to consult with a doctor before taking high doses of omega-3.

On the topic of omega-3 dosing in athletes, a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study from 2015 should be mentioned. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of short-term omega-3 supplementation. The study used a short-term supplementation period (21 days) because the results can be applied to support athlete adaptation during training camps or pre-competition preparation and on neuromuscular function and physical performance in well-trained athletes. The supplementation protocol used an optimal supplement dose of 1.115 mg omega-3 per day, compared to previous intervention studies that used unequivocally supraphysiological doses of 3.000-8.000 mg per day. These results are considered to have a high level of applicability to athletes and the training population because individuals may not tolerate high doses of omega-3 long-term and they can also be expensive.

In conclusion, during 21 days, omega-3 supplement increased plasma EPA concentration. Neuromuscular function was improved with increased muscle activation and sprint cycling performance was maintained due to reduced Wingate percentage power drop. These data provide a basis for further research into the effects of omega-3 supplementation on the neuromuscular system and as an ergogenic aid for individual training8

Food supplements for improving exercise and sports performance come in various forms, including tablets, capsules, liquids, powders, gels, and bars. Many of these products contain numerous ingredients in varying combinations and amounts. Omega-3 fatty

acids are often combined with other ingredients in dietary supplements designed to improve exercise and sports performance. Manufacturers and sellers promote these products, sometimes called “ergogenic aids,” claiming that they improve strength or endurance, increase the effectiveness of exercise, achieve performance goals faster, and increase tolerance for more intense training. Some common ingredients combined with omega-3 fatty acids in dietary supplements for exercise and sports performance include amino acids, proteins, creatine and caffeine, vitamin D, CoQ10, magnesium and zinc to enhance their effect on energy metabolism, muscle mass, recovery and immune response.

Although omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained through diet, many athletes choose to take fish oil supplements or capsules from other sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Conclusion

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation can be a valuable tool for amateurs, athletes looking to improve their performance and overall health, and the elderly to prevent muscle loss.

Omega-3s can help increase endurance by improving oxygen uptake and reducing fatigue. They can increase muscle strength and overall performance during strength training and resistance exercises.

Omega-3s are also associated with improved reaction time and speed in athletes. They have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce joint pain and stiffness in athletes. They can help with muscle soreness by reducing inflammation after exercise. They can also speed up recovery by reducing inflammation and helping to repair muscle tissue after exercise. They can also improve sleep quality, which is very important for athletic recovery.

References:

1 Gammone MA, Riccioni G, Parrinello G, D'Orazio N. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport. Nutrients. 2018;11(1):46. Published 2018 Dec 27. doi:10.3390/ nu11010046

2 Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids and athletics. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007;6(4):230-236.

3 Jouris, K.B., McDaniel, J.L., & Weiss, E.P. (2011). The effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the inflammatory response to eccentric strength exercise. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10, 432-438.

4 Jakeman, J.R., Lambrick, D.M., Wooley, B., Babraj, J.A., & Faulkner, J.A. (2017). Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damage. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 117, 575-582. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3543-y

5 Huang YH, Chiu WC, Hsu YP, Lo YL, Wang YH. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength and Muscle Performance among the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(12):3739. Published 2020 Dec 4. doi:10.3390/nu12123739

6 EFSA Journal 2012;10(7):2815: Scientific Opinion on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2815

7 AO/WHO Expert Consultation on Fats and Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition 2008. WHO, November 10–14, 2008. [Geneva, Switzerland]

8 Lewis EJ, Radonic PW, Wolever TM, Wells GD. 21 days of mammalian omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves aspects of neuromuscular function and performance in male athletes compared to olive oil placebo. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015;12:28. Published 2015 Jun 18. doi:10.1186/s12970-015-0089-4

AstaZine® natural astaxanthin: the supplement you can feel

BGG's AstaZine® is the purest and most concentrated natural astaxanthin in the world. Closed cultivation systems allow for the application of a very strict quality control process that ensures the best astaxanthin yield and the least contamination.

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid. that has consistently proven, in many different comparative antioxidant studies, to be the strongest natural antioxidant. Figure 1 shows that it is many times more powerful in singlet oxygen quenching than any other antioxidant tested. In fact, it was 800 times more active than CoQ10 and 6000 times more active against singlet oxygen than Vitamin C.

Astaxanthin is a member of the xanthophyll family within the broader carotenoid classification, and as such it contains not only carbon and hydrogen but also oxygen atoms (Figure 2). In nature, astaxanthin is found in algae and is what gives salmon, lobster, crab and shrimp as well as flamingoes their red color. Within the animal world, astaxanthin is found in the highest concentration in the muscles of salmon - in fact, it’s what gives salmon the strength and endurance to swim up rivers and waterfalls for days on end, the greatest display of stamina in nature.

Health benefits of astaxanthin

The benefits of natural astaxanthin are so diverse that it seems almost unbelievable. How can one sup-

plement help the body in so many different ways? But if you examine the different benefits more closely, it becomes clear that they all are linked to the two foundational properties astaxanthin has that separate it from other supplements (including other members of its own carotenoid family):

astaxanthin is nature’s strongest and highest-qua-

FIGURE 1 Relative singlet oxygen quenching activity among different nutrients

lity antioxidant

• astaxanthin safely and naturally modulates the inflammatory response through multiple pathways. Many human clinical trials have demonstrated astaxanthin’s powerful antioxidant activity. We won’t cite all of them here (a comprehensive abstract list is available from BGG upon request, with over 1,000 studies listed), but a few of the most recent, interesting studies include:

• Astaxanthin decreased levels of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde and inflammatory marker interleukin-6 in patients with Type-2 diabetes (Mashhadi et al., 2021).

• Astaxanthin added to dark chocolate decreased oxidative stress in aging subjects (Petyaev et al., 2018).

• Astaxanthin improved exercise tolerance, reduced oxidative stress and improved cardiac contractility in heart failure patients (Kato et al., 2020).

• Astaxanthin reduced pain and improved satisfaction with life of patients suffering from incurable rheumatoid arthritis (Nir and Spiller, 2002).

• Astaxanthin decreased muscle inflammation and improved recuperation in elite soccer players (Baralic et al., 2015).

• In a University of Memphis study, Astaxanthin prevented joint soreness after intense knee exercise (Fry, 2001).

• Astaxanthin reduced inflammation and injury to the vocal fold after vocal loading (Kishimoto et al., 2017).

Astaxanthin for athletes and active people

Exerting energy causes a vast increase in free radicals in our bodies, particularly when doing grueling work for long hours or participating in intense sports activities. So, taking a strong antioxidant is a

tremendous bonus for people participating in difficult work or sports activities to prevent cell damage and to recover better after physical exertion. This is why many athletes are using natural astaxanthinjust like salmon that have high concentrations of astaxanthin in their muscles and get the incredible strength and energy to swim upstream for weeks, athletes and hard-working people can increase their strength and energy levels by supplementing with astaxanthin each day.

As far back as the 1990’s, research was being done in this area. A human clinical trial in Sweden in 1998 took healthy, active young men and gave them either 4 mg per day of natural astaxanthin or a placebo for six months. At the end of the trial, the strength of the men taking astaxanthin had increased three times faster than the men taking placebo. This was measured by the amount of deep knee bends they could do at the start and again at the end of the study - after six months the men taking astaxanthin could do 62% more deep knee bends (Malmsten, 1998).

Another study was done on competitive bicyclists, it lasted four weeks, and each athlete took either 4 mg of astaxanthin or a placebo. Astaxanthin made these athletes stronger and gave them more energy in just four weeks, and at a relatively low dose of only 4 mg per day. Statistically significant improvements were found in the treatment group’s power output and in their time in a 20 km time trial. In fact, the cyclists taking natural astaxanthin saved an average of 2 minutes off their time trials which was about a 5% improvement. In addition, their power output increased by a whopping 15% (Earnest et al., 2011). This is an incredible advantage for a competitive athlete - to be that much stronger that they can improve in a race by 5% in just a month. And of course, this can help anyone who has to work hard or compete in sports on any level.

A related study showed that astaxanthin helped improve performance, enhanced whole-body fat oxidation rates, and reduced respiratory exchange ratio in recreational cyclists (Brown et al., 2021).

In addition to athletes, astaxanthin has also shown a beneficial effect on the recovery of the elderly population and cardiovascular patients. Namely, it improved exercise tolerance, reduced oxidative stress

FIGURE 2 Astaxanthin molecule

FIGURE 3 Astaxanthin production from microalgae

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

and improved cardiac contractility in patients with heart failure (Kato et al., 2020).

Astaxanthin improved metabolic adaptation and muscle endurance in elderly subjects during aerobic training (Liu et al., 2021) and increased physical activity and improved self-reported of mental and physical quality of life in heart failure patients (Ishiwata et al., 2020).

Production of the natural astaxanthin

Generally, a two-stage culture system is adopted as a successful strategy for the commercial production of H. pluvialis: green stage for cell growth and induction stage for astaxanthin accumulation. In the green stage, cell growth is fast, but astaxanthin content is low. However, in the induction stage, cells grow slowly but can accumulate astaxanthin quickly. Hence, H. pluvialis is cultured to obtain enough cell density in the green stage, and then is induced to increase astaxanthin content in the induction stage by changing culture conditions (Wan et al., 2014).

The initial production of Haematococcus usually takes place in closed culture systems, some as large as 40,000 liters, after a series of inoculation and cultivation. Then the microalgae culture is transferred to either open ponds or photobioreactors for the cultivation and induction.

Some producers grow astaxanthin with giant open culture ponds, up to 500,000 liters, during the final reddening cycle – Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae cells gradually turn from green to red as they accumulate astaxanthin. When the algae are sufficiently infused with astaxanthin, these companies harvest, wash and then dry the algae. Finally, they extract the lipids from the dried biomass.

Other suppliers of astaxanthin grow Haematococcus entirely in closed systems, using biodomes, giant tanks or tubes. Advocates of this process argue that this method results in higher concentrations of astaxanthin in the biomass, and that there is no exposure to heavy metal contamination or microbiological contamination from birds. Unfortunately, open pond systems are plagued by varying temperatures and heavy rainfall, and generally produce a low yield product which has been exposed to a barrage of contaminants such as heavy metals and other pollution as well as bird excrement, and of course, the habitual invaders of open pond systems such as invasive microbes and competing algal species.

AstaZine®

BGG’s astaxanthin (AstaZine®) is cultivated in a

100% closed system that is located in a GEO Park (Figure 4) in a sparsely settled area in Yunnan region. This region is well known for its mild climate, clean air and abundant, pure water resources. In fact, the water used in our algae cultures is Himalayan mountain water that originates on the Tibetan plateau. This area has consistent sunlight over 200 days per year, with moderate rainfall and humidity, which remains consistent throughout the year. Daytime temperatures in this area range from 23-28 °C (73-84 F) (so it’s an ideal location for photo induction), while nighttime temperature remain below 28 °C (Wan et al., 2014).

The requirement for temperature control is crucial to the production of Haematococcus biomass. This species of algae does not tolerate high temperatures that would, If left out of control, kill it. For this reason, a drip system of flowing water is constantly maintained to cool the glass tubes where the algae are grown. BGG’s farm for Haematococcus cultivation (as shown in the Figure 5) initiated in 2006, and after several expansions, is now by far the largest natural astaxanthin production facility in the world.

BGG employs an advanced photobioreactor (PBR) system (which facilitates better control of the culture environment), nutrients such as carbon dioxide, a consistent supply of cool, underground water, optimal temperature, efficient exposure to light, culture density, pH levels, gas supply rate, mixing regime, etc. All of the parameters are strictly monitored 24 hours per day during cultivation to ensure that the highest quality, purest Astaxanthin is produced. The

photobioreactor has a built-in CIP cleaning system that internally cleans the tubes to prevent contamination. The whole system is highly automated and remotely controlled. This advanced management allows for high consistency and stability for every batch of production.

The closed system allows for a very strict quality control process that ensures the best astaxanthin yield and the least contamination. BGG's AstaZine® is the purest and most concentrated natural astaxanthin in the world.

Advantages to BGG’s astaxanthin production are summarized as follows:

Better protection from outside contamination.

• Cultivation of algae is in controlled conditions, hen-

FIGURE 4 BGG’s 100% glass tube photobioreactor production system

FIGURE 5 Glass tubes of photobioreactor used for BGG astaxanthin production

ce greater potential for much higher productivity.

• Large surface-to-volume ratio. PBRs offer maximum efficiency in using light and therefore greatly improve productivity. Typically, the culture density of algae produced is 10 to 20 times greater than bag culture (in which algae culture is done in bags) and can be even greater.

• Better control of gas transfer.

• Reduction in evaporation of growth medium. More uniform temperature.

• Space saving - can be mounted vertically, horizontally or at an angle.

• Reduced fouling - recently employed tube self-cleaning mechanisms can dramatically reduce fouling. All of these benefits and close management by the production team ensures that the absolute best quality astaxanthin is produced.

BGG has developed the top R&D team for microalgae strain development. Great efforts have been employed in selecting the best strains for cultivation in last few years. Currently the best strain can reach over 8% astaxanthin content in the dried microalgae biomass as compared to some other leading producers which are in the 2–3% range. BGG has by far the highest level of astaxanthin content achieved to date by producers anywhere, which is a key measure of our ultra-advanced technology.

Extraction of astaxanthin can be obtained by solvents. However, since it is impossible to remove all traces of toxic solvents, the EEC directive (88/344) and the Food and Drug Administration have imposed great restrictions in the use of organic solvents, namely hexane, methyl acetate and methylene chloride. Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE) is presently an important alternative to the traditional separation methods (Palavra et al., 2011). This SFE extrac-

tion technique is especially indicated when thermolabile compounds are present, in addition to avoiding the use of toxic solvents, since CO2 is a GRAS solvent type. The major advantage of supercritical fluid extraction over conventional extraction is that this technique does not require subsequent processing steps to separate the solvent, since CO2 is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. The conventional extraction processes produce extracts that are very dilute, and containing materials that are strongly susceptible to oxidation. So the subsequent steps of separation of these solvents can promote the degradation of the compounds of interest (Sánchez-Camargo et al., 2011).

Conclusion

Astaxanthin, a powerfull antioxidant has demonstrated various health benefits, including supporting cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation, promoting eye health, and showing promise in anti-aging, neuroprotection and exercise performance, making it a promising ingredient for future research and development, and usage in finished products.

References:

Earnest, C., Lupo, M., White, K, Church, T. (2011). "Effect of Astaxanthin on cycling time trial performance." International Journal of Sports Medicine 2011;32:882-88..,

Malmsten, C., Lignell, A. (2008). "Dietary supplementation with astaxanthin-rich algal meal improves strength endurance-a double blind placebo controlled study on male students." Carotenoid Science, 2008.

Malmstem, C. (1998). "Dietary supplementation with Astaxanthinrich algal meal improves muscle endurnace-a double blind study on male students." Karolinska Institute, Gustavsberg, Sweden.

Palavra, A. M. F., Coelho, J. P., Barroso, J. G., Rauter, A. P., Fareleira, J. M. N. A., Mainar, A., . . . Novais, J. M. (2011). Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of bioactive compounds from microalgae and volatile oils from aromatic plants. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 60(0), 21-27. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2011.04.017

Wan, M., Zhang, J., Hou, D., Fan, J., Li, Y., Huang, J., & Wang, J. (2014). The effect of temperature on cell growth and Astaxanthin accumulation of Haematococcus pluvialis during a light–dark cyclic cultivation. Bioresource Technology, 167(0), 276-283. doi: http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.030

Other literature available on request.

BGG provides the highest quality, natural ingredients to clients world-wide. Production starts with the highest quality, organic and non-GMO raw materials and products are natural health ingredients and nutritional solutions that aid and enhance well-being and quality of life.

Christian Artaria, Chief Executive Officer christian.artaria@bggworld.com

BGG Europe SA, Via Polar 48, CH-6932 Lugano T: +41 91 921 48 40 M: +41 78 943 04 08 www.bggworld.com

FIGURE 7 BGG astaxanthin production plant in Yunnan

FIGURE 6 BGG microalga strain research center

Discover MKARE®an alternative ingredient for sports nutrition

MKARE® is a natural functional ingredient derived from eggshell membrane. It has regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects, may speed muscle recovery after exercise, reduce inflammation, and improve muscle function. MKARE® may also play a role in maintaining joint health and improving sports performance.

AUTHOR: Patricia Álvarez Rodríguez, dietitian-nutritionist

Physical exercise is fundamental for maintaining overall health and well-being. In addition to the evident benefits, it has on physical fitness, exercise also affects various systems of the body, including the musculoskeletal system. Joint wear and tear, also known as osteoarthritis, is a chronic disease characterized by the deterioration of joint cartilage and inflammation. While osteoarthritis is considered an age-related condition, there has been debate regarding whether certain sports practices can have negative effects on joint wear and tear1

The choice of exercise type can be important in minimizing the impact on joints. Low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling can be beneficial by reducing the load on the joints and providing a safe way to stay active. On the other hand, intense physical activities or high-impact sports like running, CrossFit, or tennis can increase stress on the joints and potentially accelerate joint wear and tear, especially if performed incorrectly, leading to muscle damage and delayed recovery1

During high-impact sports such as running, jumping, or contact sports, significant forces are generated that affect the joints, especially weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Over time, these

repetitive forces and abrupt movements can cause damage and wear on joint structures such as cartilage, ligaments, and meniscus2

A study published in the Journal of Orthopedic Research in 2013 examined the impact of repetitive loading on knee joint cartilage. The researchers found that repeated mechanical loading can generate microtrauma in the cartilage, leading to degeneration and eventual joint wear. Additionally, the inflammatory response associated with repetitive loading can contribute to cartilage degradation and the progression of joint wear3

Another study published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine in 2017 investigated the effects of repetitive impact on the joints of American football players. The researchers found that the players experienced greater wear and tear in the knee and hip joints compared to non-athlete controls. The study emphasized the importance of prevention and proper management of joint wear and tear in highimpact sports4

In addition to cartilage wear, high-impact sports can also affect the ligaments and meniscus of the joints. A study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in 2012 examined the incidence of ligament and meniscus injuries in professional football players. The results showed that football players had a higher risk of ligament and meniscus injuries, especially in the knees, due to the demanding nature of this sport5

from Arandovo-Pascual group

In conclusion, cartilage wear, stress on ligaments and meniscus, and chronic inflammation are key factors in the process of joint wear and tear in high-impact sports. These findings supported by scientific studies highlight the importance of prevention strategies, proper training, and the use of specific nutritional supplements to maintain joint health, minimize the risk of injuries, and prevent the development of long-term degenerative conditions.

Sports supplementation has become increasingly popular in recent years, as it is considered a way to improve physical performance, accelerate recovery, and optimize overall health. In this context, the eggshell membrane, which used to be considered a waste product, has been discovered to have interesting potential within a circular economy. This membrane possesses an extracellular matrix with a unique combination of nutrients and bioactive compounds that can provide notable benefits to both athletes and active individuals.

MKARE® eggshell membrane

MKARE® is a completely natural functional ingredient based on the eggshell membrane. This membrane inherently contains a unique source of bioactive compounds that have clinically demonstrated diverse health benefits. To obtain MKARE®, a hydromechanical process is used without the intervention of chemical agents. This process takes place in the egg production facilities at the same time the eggs are cracked, ensuring optimal freshness of the product.

MKARE® is rich in collagen (types I, V, and X), hyaluronic acid, elastin, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, CREMP (cysteine-rich eggshell membrane protein), and over 400 proteins—a perfect matrix of key biomolecules in a single ingredient6. These components are essential for the maintenance and repair of connective tissues such as cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, which undergo considerable stress during certain physical activities7

Thanks to the freshness of MKARE®, we can guarantee the maximum effectiveness it provides through two synergistic mechanisms of action:

• Regenerative effect: The biomolecules present in the membrane, such as collagen, elastin, and various GAGs (glycosaminoglycans) like hyaluronic acid, chondroitin, and heparan sulfate, provide nutri-

ents to the cells responsible for synthesizing these same metabolites8

Anti-inflammatory effect: Invivoand invitrostudies have shown that the membrane reduces levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α, which are involved in inflammation, explaining the demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect through studies with osteoarthritis patients9 Recently, ARANDOVO conducted a study (currently undergoing the publication process) on human chondrocytes, which demonstrates the anti-inflammatory potency of MKARE on this type of cells by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 α and TNF-α and also induces the synthesis of extracellular matrix components in cartilage, such as collagen type II and aggrecan. This means that it promotes the production of these important structural molecules, which are essential for maintaining the integrity and function of cartilage tissue. The increased synthesis of collagen and aggrecan suggests that MKARE may have a potential role in promoting cartilage repair and regeneration. This study marks the first time that the membrane proves its effect on these cells.

MKARE® and sports nutrition

Muscle recovery after exercise is essential for improving physical performance and preventing injuries. However, various factors such as inflammation and oxidative stress can hinder this recovery process. Fortunately, research supports the anti-inflammatory capacity of the eggshell membrane, making it a beneficial option for accelerating and optimizing recovery.

Supplementation with eggshell membrane, due to its composition rich in glucosamine and chondroitin, has been shown to stimulate collagen and proteoglycans synthesis and improve muscle regeneration following exercise. Moreover, human studies support the use of this supplementation by showing positive results such as reduced delayed onset muscle soreness, and improved strength and muscle function compared to those who received a placebo7-10 .

Furthermore, MKARE contains 27% of CREMPS (cysteine-rich eggshell membrane protein). These proteins play a very important role in post-exercise recovery. During exercise, there is an increased demand for cysteine in our body as it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of molecules such as glutathione, taurine, and hydrogen sulfide. After exercise, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species, which can cause cellular damage, increase in our body. Glutathione plays an important role in counteracting these effects and exerts an antioxidant effect by protecting our cells and tissues11. This is especially relevant for joints, which are subjected to high loads during physical activity. It is crucial to minimize degradation processes and promote repair processes in these areas.

In situations where cells require a greater supply of nutrients to repair joint damage, MKARE® provides the necessary nutrients for collagen synthesis and cartilage repair. Additionally, it contributes to the production of glycosaminoglycans in the synovial fluid, helping restore the normal state of the damaged joint12.

In addition to its nutritional properties, MKARE® membrane also presents a proven anti-inflammatory effect. This effect is due to the presence of specific molecules in its composition, such as ovotransferrin and ovocalyxin-36, which have been isolated and shown their anti-inflammatory effects13-14

In summary, supplementation with MKARE® eggshell membrane can contribute to more efficient and faster recovery by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress associated with high-impact sports and intense physical activities. These benefits, supported by scientific studies, provide a solid foundation for considering the use of this ingredient in muscle recovery programs and improving physical performance.

References:

1 Hunter DJ, Eckstein F. Exercise and osteoarthritis. J Anat. 2009; 214(2):197-207.

2 Tanaka R, Ozawa J, Kito N, et al. Relationship between physical activity and the risk of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Sci. 2019;24(4):714-723.

3 Buckwalter, J. A., Mankin, H. J., & Grodzinsky, A. J. (2005). Articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. Instructional course lectures, 54, 465-480.

4 Weber, A. E., Kontaxis, A., O'Brien, S. J., Warren, R. F., & Altchek, D. W. (2017). Deficiencies and solutions for dealing with osteoarthritis: current evidence and future prospects. American journal of sports medicine, 45(7), 1655-1662.

5 Kapoor, B., Clement, D. J., Kirkley, A., & Maffulli, N. (2012). Current practice in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a survey of surgical preference and experience from the AMTSI (Association of Traumatology, Sports, and Sports Medicine) Group. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(1), 197-205.

6 Ahmed TAE, Suso HP, Hincke MT. Experimental datasets on processed eggshell membrane powder for wound healing. Data Brief. 2019 Aug 31;26:104457. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104457. PMID: 31667229; PMCID: PMC6811977.

7 Ruff KJ, DeVore DP, Leu MD, et al. Eggshell membrane: a possible new natural therapeutic for joint and connective tissue disorders. Results from two open-label human clinical studies. Clin Interv Aging. 2009;4:235-240.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

8 Ruff, K. J., Kopp, K. J., Von Behrens, P., Lux, M., Mahn, M., Back, M., & Hontscharuk, R. (2018). Effectiveness of NEM® brand eggshell membrane in the treatment of suboptimal joint function in dogs: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, 9, 15-23.

9 Benson, K. F., Ruff, K. J., Jensen, G. S., & Schauss, A. G. (2012). Safety studies regarding a novel, shellfish-free glucosamine/ chondroitin sulfate product. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 31(5), 386-393.

10 Kevin J Ruff, Dennis Morrison, Sarah A Duncan, Matthew Back, Cem Aydogan, Jason Theodosakis. Beneficial effects of natural eggshell membrane versus placebo in exercise-induced joint pain, stiffness, and cartilage turnover in healthy, postmenopausal women. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2018:13 285–295.

11 Kjaer M. Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading. Physiol Rev. 2004 Apr; 84(2):649-98. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2003. PMID: 15044685.

12 López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Molina-Miñano F, GómezGarcía F, Vicente-Ortega V. Composition and possible uses of the eggshell membrane. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2014;48(4):290-297.

13 Cordeiro CMM, Esmaili H, Ansah G, Hincke MT (2013) Ovocalyxin-36 Is a Pattern Recognition Protein in Chicken Eggshell Membranes. PLoS ONE 8(12):e84112. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0084112

14 Gautron J, Hincke MT, Panheleux M, Garcia-Ruiz JM, Boldicke T, Nys Y. Ovotransferrin is a matrix protein of the hen eggshell membranes and basal calcified layer. Connect Tissue Res. 2001;42(4): 255-67. doi: 10.3109/03008200109016840. PMID: 11913770.

Arnadovo S.L. www.arandovo.com/

T. +34 675 775 844

From raw to refined: The purification of omega-3 oils

With the growing awareness of the health benefits of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, demand for supplements, fortified foods and enriched beverages is rising.

Numerous studies have shown how important omega-3 fatty acids are for our minds and bodies. For a long time, fatty fish and seafood were said to be the most important sources; now, a huge array of dietary supplements is available on the market and many foodstuffs and beverages are enriched with essential fatty acids.

Fish is still a popular source of oil, but it’s a challenging material to process: it oxidises quickly and can become contaminated during cultivation or transport. However, most food operators are extremely well informed about the hurdles that have to be overcome when using oils containing polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 and omega-6. The ketones and aldehydes that are formed as the oil breaks down produce a dark colour and, sometimes, a strong “fishy” smell and taste. But it’s not just sen

sory properties that make a good omega-3 oil, purity is also crucial.

Nutriswiss, a small refinery that specialises in purifying and modifying high-quality edible oils, has been processing fish oil for many years. Keeping a close eye on market developments, this Swiss company is well aware of the plant-based trend and now processes just as much algal oil as fish oil. In addition, vegetable sources such as nuts, seeds and crops (including rapeseed, chia and linseed) have become increasingly popular, as have marine microalgae.

Health benefits

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids play an important role in brain growth and development, blood pressure regulation, kidney function, blood clotting and numerous inflammatory and immunological reactions. In terms of cognitive well-being in particular, the ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids improves learning, mood, memory and blood flow in the brain. Omega-3 treatments are advantageous and well-tolerated. In

Mild refining preserves the valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids in a variety of raw material sources.

fact, omega-3 is important for our mental health throughout life: brain cells with high levels of omega-3 in their membranes are thought to be better at communicating with other cells, an important process for brain function.

Sensitive and valuable with a high risk of oxidation

The chemical structures of omega-3 (DHA or docosahexaenoic acid) and omega-6 (ARA or arachidonic acid) fatty acids contain several double bonds, which is why they react with ambient air very quickly. The result is the formation of undesirable oxidation products, including hydroperoxides and secondary degradation products such as ketones and aldehydes.

The higher the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in a raw oil, the more carefully it needs to be handled. On one hand, both the crude and refined oils must be protected and kept within a controlled atmosphere; on the other, it means that harsh refining environments need to be avoided. For sources with extremely high omega-3 contents, such as tuna oil, which contains 25% DHA, the oxidation potential is correspondingly high. It is too unstable to be refined like rapeseed or soy oil is, for example. At the same time, though, any contaminants that are harmful to health must be refined out to comply with food safety standards. Once the extracted oils are microencapsulated or powdered, the valuable fatty acids are completely isolated, which makes further decomposition reactions less likely.

Contaminants

Oxidation products are not the only compounds that have to be removed from crude oil by refining. Owing to their apolar structure, lipids are especially susceptible to environmental contaminants. Oils from

plants often accumulate the insecticides, fungicides and herbicides used in traditional cultivation. In addition, mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) — originating from exhaust gases or emissions from industrial facilities, among other sources — may have been transferred to the raw oil during processing and packaging.

Marine animals are particularly at risk: other than cultivated (fermented) algae, which grow in tanks in a closed system, they can potentially accumulate pesticides that might be present in the ocean. Of all the common omega-3 sources, algae have the lowest contamination levels and a high-fat content (up to 50%). DHA oil is more bioavailable for the human organism than, for example, linolenic acid, which is found in rapeseed or linseed oil. Plus, the linolenic acid that is contained in seed oils can also be adversely affected by climatic conditions. In addition, environmental contaminants, mycotoxins and certain plant toxins may become incorporated. All omega-3 oils require customised treatments and a higher degree of care than ordinary oils to preserve their essential fatty acids, micronutrients and vitamins.

The challenge is implementing a gentle purification process that preserves valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids. And, even when refining oils in a dedicated facility, manufacturers must strike a balance between using a process that’s both gentle and thorough. Beyond the labile nature of crude oils, the unrefined raw materials often demonstrate levels of pre-existing contamination or the presence of harmful substances that must be reduced by purification processes to be suitable for use in foodstuffs. In other instances, unwanted by-products such as plasticisers, trans fatty acids and/or MCPD fatty acid esters have been known to form during purification as a result of harsh process conditions. For this reason, many manufacturers set their own guideline

Frank Möllering (Head of R&D) in front of the company’s filtration plant - one of the first steps in a purely physical but effective process.

values — in addition to the legal limits that they must comply with — especially for products intended for small children and adolescents.

Choosing a gentle process

Physical or alkaline-based refining processes that work well for other vegetable oils operate at temperatures of 180–250 °C. As this would be an excessive thermal load for omega-3 oils, Nutriswiss has established a system to both maximise the yield and minimise the level of contaminants. At the centre of this technique is a mild, multi-step refining technology — a particularly gentle physical separation process that is already well-established in the fish oil industry.

For its wide range of edible oils, however, the Nutriswiss plant has been custom designed and equipped with additional process technology. With the help of a finely controlled vacuum (with a pressure of less than 0.01 mbar) and short residence times, the thermal load on the product is significantly reduced, which minimises the formation of process contaminants. At the same time, free fatty acids, plasticisers and pesticides are removed to an extent that cannot be achieved with conventional technology. MOSH/MOAH levels can also be significantly reduced.

Subsequently, the sensory quality can be further

optimised by adding various absorbents — such as activated carbon — before the deodorisation stage. The final refining steps are only done directly before delivery to keep the storage times short and to prevent oxidation. In the end, even volatile fish oils arrive with a completely neutral taste and odour while looking just like rapeseed oil with a light-yellow colouring.

Welcome to the neutral zone

Even though taste and quality are more closely linked to omega-3 oils than some other products, Nutriswiss insists on the very best conditions, right from the start. No matter whether the extract is derived from fish or algae or plants, the result is sensorial neutrality. To facilitate this, carefully controlled and selected raw material sourcing is essential. As such, longstanding collaborations with suppliers and independent inspectors, coupled with the company’s own sealed food-grade containers, which protect the raw materials from contact with foreign materials and ambient oxygen, ensure the best possible outcome.

In addition, before production starts, each process is tested in the laboratory, so that all procedures and methods can be adapted to suit individual applications. To ensure that the key data and sensory profile information meet the requirements for pharmaceutical or special nutrition products, the refining steps are carefully planned and monitored.

For instance, the composition of a baby food formulation, including the optimum ratio of omega-3 and omega-6, can be developed according to specific customer requirements. Test batches can be run with only a few kilos and, afterwards, scaled up — from quantities of just 500 kg to several metric tons. This might be particularly interesting when developing novel foods and other specialities. Companies that want to minimise contamination risks from the outset can rely on Nutriswiss’ own, cost-effective raw material sourcing offer.

www.nutriswiss.ch/en/home

To preserve the integrity of the oils being processed, the raffinate is cooled as quickly as possible.

Omega-3s derived from algae oil have become increasingly popular.

EPA and DHA omega-3s' impact on brain health

Using its own clinical study database, GOED publishes comprehensive report on EPA and DHA omega-3s' impact on brain health.

The Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s (GOED) recently published a brand new report with a comprehensive overview of the latest studies on EPA and DHA omega-3s and their effects on specific brain health outcomes. The report was created with the help of GOED’s Clinical Study Database (CSD), a powerful tool developed and maintained by GOED to compile and organize all human clinical studies related to EPA and DHA omega-3s. The topic of brain health is of keen interest to GOED members and industry and the report aims to offer valuable insights into the current state of science, identify research gaps and propose potential directions for future projects or product innovations. Specifically covered is an overview of the breadth and scope of studies published on cognitive health, stress, anxiety, mood, depression, Alzheimer’s disease, ADHD, and more.

“Leveraging the immense capabilities of our CSD, GOED was able to streamline the process of data collection and analysis,” said GOED’s Director of Scientific Communication and Outreach, Kaitlin Roke, PhD. “We calculated that by using the Clinical Study Database to put this report together, we saved approximately 30 hours of work compared to employing a traditional academic search strategy.”

The report is now available for sale on the GOED website for $US199. GOED members have free access to the report.

GOED (Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s) represents the worldwide EPA and DHA omega-3 industry, with a mission to increase consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3s around the world. The membership is built on a quality standard unparalleled in the market and members must comply with quality and ethics guidelines that ensure members produce quality products that consumers can trust.

Our 180+ members represent the entire supply chain of EPA and DHA omega-3s, from fisheries and crude oil suppliers to refiners, concentrators and finished product brands. https://goedomega3.com/

Fine Foods' commitment to a sustainable future was shown at Vitafoods Europe

Fine Foods was at the Geneva event to share how it creates value for its stakeholders through innovation.

Again this year Fine Foods & Pharmaceuticals N.T.M. S.p.A., an independent Italian Contract Development & Manufacturing Organisation (CDMO) that develops and manufactures contract products for the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetics industries, participated at Geneva Vitafoods - the event for the nutraceutical supply chain that attracts an international audience.

Divided between exhibition section, conferences and networking events, Vitafoods is a perfect venue for companies unveiling the latest products and services, sharing and comparing strategies on emerging health and nutrition issues.

Sustainability is increasingly important to the international community, consumers and major players in the nutraceutical industry: Vitafoods recognises the importance of promoting sustainability within events and throughout the industry to make operators responsible and helping the nutraceutical and functional food market improve its sustainability approach by connecting people through the networks and knowledge needed to solve these challenges.

At stand A50 in Hall1, visitors learnt about Fine Foods' commitment to sustainability - a product innovation driver - and how the Group puts the cus-

tomer at the heart of its choices by sharing the same drive for success.

Fine Foods works side by side with its customers as a strategic partner by developing tailor-made services and suggesting more sustainable solutions, to create products of excellence capable of achieving end-consumer approval and a positive market response. Vitafoods was an opportunity to highlight Fine Foods' decade-long holistic approach to ESG issues, and some of its important milestones including its change into a benefit corporation in 2021. This confirmed the Group's commitment to pursuing common benefits for people and the community it operates in in addition to profits.

In 2022, Fine Foods obtained the "Platinum" sustainability rating from EcoVadis, one of the bestknown ESG rating providers, which placed Fine Foods in the top one per cent of more than 90,000 companies assessed.

Its business model creates value for the company, customers, investors, the environment and people, and undergoes an annual assessment to improve environmental, social and governance performances. Fine Foods' commitment to sustainability is all-encompassing. This includes a service dedicated to cus-

tomers which provides a wide range of initiatives through a cross-functional team specialising in ecodesign and product lifecycle analysis to create more sustainable solutions and successfully differentiate products in the market.

Another key factor to remain competitive in the market is innovation. About 17 per cent of Fine Foods' staff are dedicated to scientific and technical activities and approximately seven per cent of turnover is invested in new technologies annually.

An innovation-focused team in the Research and Development department is supported by a crossfunctional team that meets regularly to ensure that the new product development pipeline flows correctly.

Equally important is the acquisition of data and market information that, once analysed and processed, allow Fine Foods to provide products and services in line with the latest innovations and major industry trends.

Among the other activities that contributed to the success of Fine Foods' participation in the Geneva event was the “The dark side of the moon” presentation, which illustrated the cultural change that CDMOs are facing - from production companies to product innovators, able to anticipate consumer needs. Sustainability becomes fundamental in the innovation process supporting customer success and having a positive impact on the planet.

As sustainable product innovation, Fine Foods unveiled the "Fine Foods for Future" food supplement in the "New Product Zone". This was formulated fol-

lowing eco-design principles, which allowed a 43 per cent reduction in carbon emissions compared to the original, generating a positive impact on climate change which is reported on product packaging and communication materials. This was selected to be part of the "Innovation Tours" organised by Vitafoods to show visitors the latest products and how leading suppliers are responding to market trends.

Vitafoods was the stage for two additional product launches:

• Biotic3 - an orodispersible powdered food supplement. This is an easy-to-take on-the-go formula that combines prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics in a holistic approach to intestinal well-being due to the product's dual action - in situ and the entire body.

• Fizzy & Fast Tablets practical take-with-you tablets that fizz and dissolve directly on the tongue without water, a fun format for adults and children that allows for the fast release of nutrients.

Fine Foods & Pharmaceuticals N.T.M. S.p.A.

Via Berlino, 39 24040 Zingonia/Verdellino – Bergamo – Italy

www.finefoods.it info@finefoods.it

Microencapsulation allows the controlled release of ingredients

Challenges in the production of nutritional supplements, such as the use of substances that are poorly soluble in water, sensitive to degradation by gastric acid, have a bad taste and poor absorption, and substances subject to self-degradation and oxidation, can be successfully solved by using the microencapsulation process.

AUTHORS:

dr. Dejan Gmajner, Biovis, dr. Rok Devjak and dr. Boštjan Šumiga, Laboratoriji Natura

In the composition of food supplements, we also encounter substances that are poorly soluble in water, sensitive to degradation by stomach acid, substances that have a bad taste, and poor absorption, are subject to self-degradation and oxidation, etc. Microencapsulation can successfully solve these challenges in the production of nutritional supplements containing coenzyme Q10, vitamins, minerals, cannabidiols or other plant extracts, in spices and essential oils, insoluble proteins and probiotics.

The innovative process of microencapsulation of food supplements

With the help of microencapsulation technology, the desired active substance can be surrounded by another substance that forms a barrier between the

active substance and the external environment. Microencapsulation methods such as spray drying or fluid bed technology coating usually take place at higher temperatures, which can have a negative effect on thermolabile substances. The method of microencapsulation and drying by lyophilization enables the entire process of preparing dry microcapsules to take place at low temperatures.

Biovis company, in cooperation with Slovenian researchers and scientists, we have developed microencapsulation technology for Biostile food supplements with an innovative and patented microcapsule drying process lyophilization, where the microcapsules are deep-frozen and slowly dried in a vacuum to a dry powder.

All steps include only natural ingredients, and the procedure is especially suitable for:

Coacervate microcapsule, visible under a light microscope: a drop of olive oil with dissolved CoQ10, surrounded by a microcapsule wall that protects the oil phase and is resistant to gastric disintegration.

protection and preservation of biological activity and functional properties during production and storage,

• masking and prevention of unpleasant odor and/ or taste,

• increased product stability,

• increased bioavailability of active substances,

• controlled release of active substances in the digestive system,

• targeted delivery to the desired place in the body.

Microencapsulation technology with a patented process is used to produce Biostile food supplements containing coenzyme Q10, vitamin C, cannabidiol (CBD) and curcumin.

Microencapsulation of coenzyme Q10

Coenzyme Q10 is an important link in the electron transport chain of the inner mitochondrial membrane in the production of chemical energy in the form of ATP. Under stressful conditions, energy production and the level of coenzyme Q10 in the body may decrease. This deficit is successfully compensated by oral administration, which has shown a positive effect in the treatment of many diseases such as cardiomyopathy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, muscular dystrophy, and periodontal diseases, and in reducing the risk of statin use in myopathy. It has also been proven to improve the condition of people with coenzyme Q10 deficiency due to genetically determined conditions8

Coenzyme Q10 and selenium

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 work in synergy, so it makes sense to add them simultaneously to the diet of modern man. Selenium is required in the metabolic pathway for the synthesis of coenzyme Q10, and coenzyme Q10 is required for the incorporation of selenium into enzymes that require selenium for their activity. Selenium deficiency also negatively affects the intracellular distribution of coenzyme Q101.

The average daily intake of selenium in America is 93 to 134 µg/day, and in Europe, due to the lower content in the soil, only 40 µg /day1. Additionally, a link between low plasma selenium content and high mortality from cardiovascular diseases has been proven in Europe. The addition of selenium through food supplements allows a controlled and economically profitable addition of selenium to the diet.

Clinical study KiSel-10, in which they were supplemented simultaneously as a dietary supplement for four years coenzyme Q10 and selenium, showed an extremely positive long-term effect. After 10 or 12 years, the mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases was as much as 50% or 40% lower, and the risk of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, weakened heart function and diabetes was also significantly reduced1,2 Another large clinical study, Q-SYMBIO, showed a 43% reduction in mortality from cardiovascular diseases with additional consumption of coenzyme Q109

Controlled release in the small intestine

In Biostile microencapsulated Q10 with selenium, coenzyme Q10 is dissolved using the principle of coacervation 10 in non-polar olive oil, then surrounded by a capsule of polysaccharides and proteins and dried at temperatures below freezing. Resuspended

microcapsules are stable in acidic and neutral media and resistant to degradation in the stomach. The microcapsule shell is successfully broken down only with the help of pancreatic enzymes in the small intestine, where coenzyme Q10 is released, which is in the oil phase, which enables high bioavailability5,11 and successful absorption in the intestine (Dr. Devjak and Dr. Šumiga – unpublished results).

FIGURE 1 Resuspended microcapsules. Stable microcapsules of polysaccharides and proteins resistant to low pH are visible around the coacervate drops, which contain coenzyme Q10 dissolved in olive oil.

FIGURE 2 After the addition of pancreatic enzymes, the microcapsules break down and release the internal oil phase with coenzyme Q10, in a more bioavailable form suitable for intestinal absorption.

Microencapsulation of vitamin C

The level of bioavailability of vitamin C largely depends on absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and reabsorption in the kidneys, and on excretion. At low and moderate concentrations in the digestive epithelium, in the tissues and in the kidneys, transport takes place mainly by active transport that is subject to saturation6. Regardless of the amount of ascorbic acid consumed, there is an upper limit of absorption. In order to increase the absorption of ascorbic acid, various forms of application have been developed, and the proven best effect on increasing bioavailability was achieved by encapsulation.

Beta- cyclodextrin is widely used for the controlled uptake of organic, inorganic, biological and pharmaceutical molecules. Encapsulation of the non-polar part of the included molecule into the hydrophobic cavity of cyclodextrin and by stabilizing the soluble part of the included molecule with the polar end, inclusion complexes with a wide spectrum of molecules can be formed. The technology is used in the pharmaceutical and food industry to influence solu-

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

bility, bioavailability, safety, stability, and as a carrier of the involved molecules.

By including vitamin C in liposomes or inclusion complexes with beta- cyclodextrins, the pharmacokinetic properties of encapsulated vitamin C are significantly changed during oral administration. The rate of absorption of encapsulated vitamin C is increased compared to the absorption pattern of ordinary vitamin C. The advantages of encapsulation are5:

• accelerated absorption in the gastrointestinal tract

• longer shelf life of the product

• protection of the intestines from irritating effects higher bioavailability.

Biostile microencapsulated vitamin C is based on a natural source of organic vitamin C from rosehip (Rosa canina) fruit extract, which is surrounded by a beta-cyclodextrin microcapsule.

The binding of vitamin C in the inclusion complex enables protection from external influences and controlled release in the digestive system. In this way, a more even and controlled release of vitamin C is achieved than, for example, in the case of taking pure synthetic ascorbic acid3. This ensures greater biological absorption and more stable amounts of vitamin C in the blood plasma. The amount of vitamin C in tissues and organs and the rate of excretion of excess vitamin C through the kidneys also depend on this.

The advantages of including dietary supplements in beta-cyclodextrins7 are:

• increased hydrophilicity and improved solubility of the included molecule in water, chemical stabilization of reactive or unstable molecules,

• protection against dehydration, hydrolysis, oxidation and photodegradation,

• increased bioavailability (increased permeability through biological barriers), facilitated passage of water-soluble substances through the mucous membrane,

• reduced irritation and prolonged contact time at the point of absorption.

References:

1 Alehagen et.al., 2015. Smanjena kardiovaskularna smrtnost 10 godina nakon suplementacije selenom i koenzimom Q10 tijekom četiri godine: rezultati praćenja prospektivnog randomiziranog dvostruko slijepog placebom kontroliranog ispitivanja u starijih građana. PLoS jedan.

2 Alehagen et.al., 2018. I dalje smanjena kardiovaskularna smrtnost 12 godina nakon suplementacije selenom i koenzimom Q10 tijekom četiri godine: Validacija prethodnih 10-godišnjih rezultata praćenja prospektivnog randomiziranog dvostruko slijepog placebom kontroliranog ispitivanja u starijih osoba . PLoS jedan.

3 Carr et.al., 2013. Sintetski vitamin C ili vitamin C dobiven iz hrane –jesu li jednako bioraspoloživi? Hranjive tvari.

4 Davis et.al., 2016. Liposomalno inkapsulirana askorbinska kiselina: utjecaj na bioraspoloživost vitamina C i sposobnost zaštite od ishemijsko-reperfuzijske ozljede. Nutr Metab Insights.

5 López-Lluch et.al., 2019. Bioraspoloživost dodataka koenzima Q10 ovisi o lipidima nosačima i solubilizaciji. Prehrana.

6 Lykkesfeldt et.al, 2019. Farmakokinetika vitamina C, hranjive tvari

7 Roos et.al., 2017. Engineering Foods for Bioactives Stability and Delivery, Springer-Verlag New York.

8 Shukla et.al., 2018. CoQ10 super-vitamin: Pregled primjene i biosinteze. 3 Biotehnologija.

9 Svend et.al., 2014. Učinak koenzima Q10 na morbiditet i mortalitet kod kroničnog zatajenja srca: rezultati Q-SYMBIO: randomiziranog dvostruko slijepog ispitivanja, JACC.

10 Šumiga et.al, 2019. Antimikrobni premazi papira koji sadrže mikroinkapsulirano ulje Cymbopogon citratus. Premazi

11 Terao et.al., 2006. Povećanje oralne bioraspoloživosti koenzima Q10 kompleksiranjem s γ-ciklodekstrinom u zdravih odraslih osoba. Istraživanje prehrane

12 Viscovich et.al., 2004. Farmakokinetika vitamina C običnih i sporo otpuštajućih formulacija u pušača. Klinička prehrana.

Mob. +381 91 621 34 47

info@biostile.hr

FIGURE 3 Schematic representation of the amount of vitamin C in blood plasma when consuming the same amount of synthetic ascorbic acid and encapsulated natural vitamin C3,4,12

Pomegranate extract link to eye health benefits

A recently published study in the Journal of Clinical and Translational Ophthalmology shows the anti-inflammatory effect of Euromed’s Pomanox® in a common cell model for testing eye damage and irritation.1 This trial suggests for the first time that the pomegranate extract may have potential as an ocular anti-inflammatory agent, which could be promising for the growing eye health market.

The study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Pomanox® on cytokine secretion activity in a model of reconstituted human corneal epithelial cells (SkinEthic™ HCE), which is a proven in-vitro tool for testing eye damage or irritation of different substances. The researchers found that the culture of corneal cells with Pomanox® significantly decreased the production of the cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) after inducing inflammation triggered by bacterial material. The inhibition of the cytokine release was higher than that obtained with an anti-inflammatory control substance. In addition, the percentage of viable cells was also higher in the sample treated with Pomanox®, indicating that the extract was able to maintain the survival of the cells better than the other conditions.

Pomegranate has been used for centuries in traditional and folk medicine for its multiple effects on various cellular pathways, especially those triggered by oxidative stress and mediators of the inflammatory cascade. These health benefits come from punicalagins, which are among nature’s strongest antioxidants. Euromed’s pomegranate extract Pomanox® contains up to 30 per cent punicalagins, and has

been the subject of many clinical studies, all of which found that the pomegranate extract provides cardiovascular, cognitive and skin health benefits, as well as enhancing sports performance and promoting satiety, and better mood.

Andrea Zangara, Head of Scientific Communication & Medical Affairs and one of the coauthors of the study, says: “Despite pomengranate’s various benefits for overall wellbeing, there is limited data on how it can support eye health. So far, experimental studies have mostly examined the antioxidant activity and not the anti-inflammatory potential of Pomanox® in corneal tissue samples. This latest study provides evidence of its possible use for eye health, which is promising. Considering the ageing population and increasing screen time embedded into our daily lives, vision health looks set to become one of the key concerns for consumers globally.”

www.euromedgroup.com

1 Peñalver-Mellado M. et al.: In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Pomegranate Extract (Pomanox®) in a Reconstituted Human Corneal Epithelium Model. J Clin Transl Ophthalmol. 2023, 1, 52–60. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcto1020007

Partnership between Clasado and Probi AB

Clasado Biosciences, developer of the multi award-winning prebiotic ingredient

Bimuno® GOS, has announced a new partnership with Probi® AB, a world-renowned probiotics company.

An exciting development for both businesses and the global biotics sector, the collaboration is set to utilise the market-leading expertise and scientific portfolios of the two businesses in their respective fields.

Responding to rapidly expanding gut health awareness and global demand for complementary technologies, the collaborative partnership enables Clasado and Sweden-based Probi to leverage their combined knowledge on synbiotic projects targeting specific consumer health benefits.

Per Rehné, CEO of Clasado, said: "It’s an exciting period of growth for the biotics category, and we are delighted to be partnering with Probi to collaborate around our respective areas of expertise. Through this collaboration, we aim to pool our knowledge and scientific research capabilities to build a firmer and credible foundation for synbiotic product development, particularly in priority health areas. In turn, we believe this scientific-led partnership will benefit health and nutrition customers globally, as well as end users."

“Our businesses are an ideal match, with closely aligned values. We believe in the power of scientific evidence that consumers can trust. With Bimuno® GOS being the most studied galactooligosaccharide ingredient on the market, backed by over 110 scientific publications, including more than 20 clinical trials. Combining this with Probi’s impressive probiotic library, supported by state-of-the-art preclinical and clinical trials it’s a great match, and, like us, the business works in close quarters with academic institu-

tions. We look forward to developing our new partnership and helping to shape the bright future of synbiotics in commercial nutrition.”

While initially focusing on advancing the collective understanding of prebiotic and probiotic combinations, the collaboration brings future potential for the businesses to research, develop and commercialise an original synbiotic technology.

Anita Johansen, CEO of Probi, added: "As a business that puts research and knowledge at the heart of our activities, we are delighted to collaborate with Clasado. In the accelerating health and well-being market, consumers are responding to new scientifically backed products, and our shared commitment to empirical trial-based evidence makes this a partnership with great potential."

“Propelled by consumer demand for better gut microbiome health, the market for synbiotics is expanding at speed, but advanced study and a dedicated research programme could make this growth exponential. Through this partnership, we’ll be exploring how products in our probiotic library can function alongside Bimuno® GOS in formulations, and we hope to set the bar for synbiotic collaboration.”

The new partnership marks the beginning of what promises to be an exciting journey for Clasado and Probi. More information on the partnership and subsequent activities will be announced in due course.

https://clasado.com

https://www.probi.com/

NE W MARKE T OPPOR TUNITIES WITH CURCUMIN C3 REDUC T®

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Sabinsa has developed C3 Reduct®, a curcuminoids-based ingredient that has been scientifically shown to boost organ health and deliver a range of other targeted functionalities. This makes it ideal to help manufacturers meet consumer health and wellness expectations – and tap new opportunities in growing markets such as sports nutrition. C3 Reduct® is the only reductive metabolites of curcuminoids on the market to have been approved as a Novel Food by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Consumers are increasingly aware that impaired organ health, high stress levels and immune system problems are issues that can significantly impact their quality of life. Since the Covid19 pandemic, they are increasingly looking for natural, functional preventive solutions that can support their efforts to keep fit and healthy.

There is huge scope for product innovation here. The global antioxidants market was valued at USD 3.4 billion in 2020 and is projected by some market researchers to reach USD 7.4 billion by 2031. The global sports nutrition market size meanwhile was valued at USD 34.8 billion in 2020 and is projected to reach USD 67.9 billon by 2030.1

C3 Reduct® can help manufacturers to capitalise on these trends by offering functionalities that no other curcumin-based product can deliver. Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid sourced from the spice turmeric, has gained increasing consumer recognition for its multiple health benefits, in particular its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. C3 Reduct® has been shown to deliver even more outstanding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties than the parent curcuminoids.

The key reason for this is that in C3 Reduct®, curcumin is converted to tetrahydrocurcumin (THC). This means that it is directly and easily assimilated in the body as an active metabolite. This is important, as THC has far better bioavailability than curcumin.

From a consumer point of view therefore, C3 Reduct® is an EFSA-approved product that delivers functionality, without the need for high dosages or added ingredients. The product also has self-affirmed GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status in the US

The purpose of this White Paper is to help manufacturers understand the functional benefits of C3 Reduct®, and identify market opportunities in bringing cutting edge health, wellness and sports nutrition products to consumers.

1. https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/sports-nutrition-market

THE WONDER OF CURCUMIN

European imports of turmeric increased by over 69 % in terms of volume and by over 73 % in terms of value between 2015 and 2019.2 Key drivers include an ageing population looking for products to support longevity, and the growing number of health-conscious consumers are concerned about issues such as organ health that declines with age.

Curcumin, a natural compound present in the spice turmeric, has been the focus of clinical investigations for centuries. Ancient Ayurvedic texts wrote about the health benefits of turmeric almost 2500 years ago, identifying its usefulness in treating rheumatism, asthma, liver disorders and various allergies3 .

Recent studies have shown that curcumin can improve systemic markers of oxidative stress4 - a catalyst for vital organ complications.5 Today, turmeric is extensively used in Indian cuisine, as well as a preservative, colouring agent and flavouring in drinks. Curcumin is often available in several forms including capsules, tablets, ointments, energy drinks, soaps, and cosmetics.6

WHAT MAKES C3 Reduct®

Sabinsa’s C3 Reduct® is an important new milestone in fully exploiting the health benefits of curcumin. The pharmacological activities of C3 Reduct® - delivered directly to the body - provide possibilities for use as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory across a wide range of products, from organ and oral care to sports performance products.

What are THCs?

Tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THCs) are a colourless or white metabolites of curcuminoids, usually formed in the body. They have the key advantage of having higher bioavailability and physiological stability thanwhile retaining all the beneficial properties of - parent curcuminoids.

stable and powerful yhighl a – CsHT to curcuminoids metabolise bacteria resident gut that knowledge The reductive metabolite, conferring similar yet stronger benefits than the parent curcuminoids – inspired Sabinsa to explore reductive metabolites in greater depth. The objective was to develop a product that delivers more functionality at lower doses than other conventional curcumin-based products on the market.

C3 Reduct® has been designed to fully harness the benefits of THCs. The product is the hydrogenated derivative of the curcuminoids from Curcumin C3 Complex® and contains a minimum of 95 % THCs.

Critically, C3 Reduct® is more readily absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract than curcumin and can be thus directly assimilated more efficiently.

2. https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/natural-ingredients-health-products/turmeric/market-potential

3. Priyadarsini K.I. The chemistry of curcumin: From extraction to therapeutic agent. Molecules. 2014; 19:20091–20112. doi: 10.3390/molecules191220091.

4 Sahebkar A., Serbanc M.C., Ursoniuc S., Banach M. Effect of curcuminoids on oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J. Funct. Foods. 2015;18:898–909. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.005.

6 Gupta S.C., Patchva S., Aggarwal B.B. Therapeutic Roles of Curcumin: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials. AAPS J. 2013; 15:195–218. doi: 10.1208/s12248-012-9432-8

5 Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M, Pallio G, Mannino F, Arcoraci V, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bitto A. Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017; 2017:8416763. doi: 10.1155/2017/8416763. Epub 2017 Jul 27. PMID: 28819546; PMCID: PMC5551541.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

KEY MARKET OPPORTUNITIES WITH C3 REDUCT®

Healthy living and wellness through organ health

2020, there has been growing consumer demand for health products in Europe, immunity-boosting and organ-health supplements. This is expected to be a trend. Unsurprisingly, the global coronavirus pandemic has been one of the main factors driving this trend, as consumers seek to improve their immune systems.

consumer expectations for functional, natural clean-label products, nutraceutical companies need to increase the effectiveness of their ingredients and products.

can help manufacturers appeal to consumers looking for science-backed enhanced and targeted functionality. For example, fibrosis in various organsthe lungs and the liver – can occur for a variety of reasons and is a common While this can occur due to variety of reasons, inflammation is the key denominator development. A key issue is the fact that current pharmaceuticals have difficulty in treating this condition. This is where the effective, targeted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of C3 Reduct® can help.

to lung health, in unpublished trials, C3 Reduct® has been shown to significantly expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and IFNγ in lung tissues of rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. For liver health, C3 Reduct® has been shown to be reducing inflammatory cell infiltration into the liver, which could enable developers to better target the market for liver health product.7

increasingly knowledgeable and aware of the influence of gut health on and are looking for products that support gut health in a preventive manner. C3 been shown to attenuate inflammatory responses and maintain colon health, by selectively inhibiting the enzymes of certain inflammatory pathways.8

C3 Reduct®- and healthy ageing

Europe’s ageing population is also driving demand for targeted products that support longevity, organ health and general wellbeing. Ageing is associated with degenerative muscular and skeletal conditions and neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s.

Better awareness among seniors of the benefit of taking preventative measures - and the will to live independently for longer - is creating new opportunities for functional products that support healthy ageing. Indeed, the growing importance attached to this issue is underlined by the fact that the United Nations declared this decade to be the Decade of Healthy Ageing.9

Nutraceutical products that help consumers to maintain brain health is a category that is only set to grow, and C3 Reduct® possesses excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In trials, THC, the major ingredient in C3 Reduct®, has been shown to reduce inflammation and thus neurodegeneration, because it possesses anti-amyloid activity. THC has also been shown to help reduce glutathione in the brains of diabetic rats, suggesting efficacy in protecting against lipid peroxidation-induced membrane damage.10

Another key issue with regards to healthy ageing is joint health, and the anti-inflammatory properties of C3 Reduct® hold significant promise in this field. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint condition, affecting over 250 million people worldwide11 . Ongoing studies and existing literature beckon a promising role for the anti-arthritic effects of THC in OA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In particular, THC - but not curcumin - was shown to prevent glucose intolerance, which might be involved in exacerbating osteoarthritis.12

7. Pari L, Murugan P. 2005. Effect of tetrahydrocurcumin on blood glucose, plasma insulin and hepatic key enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. 16(4): 257-274

8. Lai CS, Wu JC, Yu SF, Badmaev V, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. 2011. Tetrahydrocurcumin is more effective than curcumin in preventing azoxymethane‐induced colon carcinogenesis. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. 55(12): 1819-1828

9. https://www.who.int/initiatives/decade-of-healthy-ageing

10. Aynun N. et. al. 2008. Curcumin Structure-Function, Bioavailability, and Efficacyin Models of Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Disease. The Journal of pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 326:196–208

11 Hunter D.J., Schofield D., Callander E. The individual and socioeconomic impact of osteoarthritis. Lancet Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 2014; 10:437–441. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.44.

12. Park S. et. al. 2016. Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin both prevent osteoarthritis symptoms and decrease the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in estrogen-deficient rats. Genes & Nutrition. 11:2

C3 Reduct® and sports nutrition

The market for sports nutrition products has grown steadily over the past decade and is projected to continue to expand. Health-conscious consumers are looking for products that boost performance and increase recovery speeds during and after sports activities - the most commonly used products tend to be protein powders and sports drinks.

Exertion during sport or physical activity can lead to inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammatory reactions can cause tissue injuries, leading to various disorders. The anti-inflammatory properties of C3 Reduct® hold significant promise in the development of effective sports nutrition products.

In addition to its anti-inflammation properties, THC has demonstrated significant functionality in maintaining energy balance within the body. Central to this is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). APMK is a central regulator of energy homeostasis, which coordinates metabolic pathways and thus balances nutrient supply with energy demand.

AMPK is important because it balances nutrient supply with energy demand and stimulates ATP-production under energy depleted conditions. C3 Reduct® has been shown to activate AMPK and help reduce excess glucose and fats by burning them for energy. Furthermore, C3 Reduct® has been shown to be more potent than curcumin in activating cellular energy balance.13

The colourless nature of THC also opens new opportunities in sports nutrition. Many products in this category are whey-based protein formulations that tend not to include curcumin, despite the proven functional benefits. Manufacturers are concerned that the yellow and potential off-notes will put consumers off. This has historically been a major hurdle in including curcumin in sports formulations.

C3 Reduct® overcomes these consumer perceptions precisely because it is colourless and flavourless. In addition, many sports nutrition manufacturers are small businesses that want to produce batches quickly. C3 Reduct® enables them to do so, without the need to halt production to clean equipment due to staining.

13 Teayoun K., Curcumin activates AMPK and suppresses gluconeoenic gene expression in hepatoma cells Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 388 (2009) 377–382

C3 Reduct ®

SOURCING AND SUPPLY CHAIN

Ensuring sustainability along the supply chain is becoming an obligation for manufacturers, with consumers increasing demanding transparency about the journey of their product. As a major exporter of natural nutraceuticals, Sabinsa is strongly committed to building a sustainable and responsible supply chain that meets consumer expectations.

In practice, this has meant adopting a contract farming model for medicinal plants over the past few decades, to create a network of farmers covering over 20 000 acres of India. Turmeric farmers are seen as partners, and the numbers joining the network increases every year. Farmers are assured mutually agreed prices and are trained in Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) and Good Field Collection Practices (GFCP) developed by the World Health Organisation.19

Sabinsa is also working on reforestation programmes for growing selected species of medicinal plants, working alongside State Ministries, Forest Departments and farmer’s groups.

14 https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/oral-care-market

15 https://www.healthdata.org/gbd/2019

16 Majeed M, Majeed S, Nagabhushanam K. 2020. Efficacy and safety of tetrahydrocurcuminoids for the treatment of canker sore and gingivitis. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020.

17. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes

18. Pari L, Murugan P. 2007. Antihyperlipidemic effect of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin in experimental type 2 diabetic rats. Renal Failure. 29(7): 881-889

19. https://sabinsa.com/newsroom/media-coverage/2022/NuFFoods-Spectrum-Dr-Majeed.pdf

COLOUR BENEFITS OF C3 REDUCT®

While there is a great deal of scientific support when it comes to the functional benefits of C3 Reduct®, the fact that THCs are colourless brings additional practical and marketing benefits. Using C3 Reduct® means no staining, either during processing or in the final consumer product. If a manufacturer wishes to change the colour of the product with a natural ingredient, this will not alter the product’s functionality, nor its clean label properties. This means products using C3 Reduct® can be easily universally accepted.

AUTHORISATIONS AND APPROVALS

Sabinsa has obtained Novel Food approval from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for C3 Reduct® - the only curcuminoid to be awarded EFSA Novel Food status (Regulation 2015/2283)20 .

This means that product developers can use C3 Reduct® safe in the knowledge that it meets and surpasses the most stringent thresholds for safety. The THCs from turmeric are well characterised, and compliant with European Regulations. The novel food is safe and devoid of allergic potential.

This Novel Food is intended to be used as food supplement (as defined in Directive 2002/46/EC) at a maximum daily dose of 140 mg intended for the adult population and excluding children. The product is approved as per Implementing Regulation EC 2022/96 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2470.21 As this White Paper has outlined, numerous trials and studies have supported the safety and efficacy of C3 Reduct®.

20 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32015R2283

21 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2017/2470/oj

About us

Founded by Dr. Muhammed Majeed in 1988, Sabinsa Corporation is a manufacturer and supplier of herbal extracts, cosmeceuticals, minerals and specialty fine chemicals. Sabinsa’s mission is to provide evidence-based natural products for human functional nutrition and well-being.

Its present operations have grown to employ 1 000 people worldwide in ten manufacturing, R&D and distribution facilities. Additionally, botanical cultivation efforts undertaken by the organisation now total nearly 40 000 acres to ensure sustainable supplies on its key products.

With more than 120 scientists working full time conducting ongoing research in Europe, India and the United States, Sabinsa continues to develop and patent beneficial nutrients for the world market.

www.sabinsa.com.pl

www.sabinsa.eu

DNF-10® obtains GRAS status from the FDA

recognized as safe" status from the US FDA.

Fytexia is glad to announce that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) completed positively the evaluation of GRN001033 for the ingredient DNF-10®, a yeast hydrolysate obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae This approval opens a broader scope of applications into functional foods for this scientifically supported ingredient targeting fat mass loss by modulation of the hormones of appetite.

The GRAS notification confirms the safety of the use of DNF-10® as an ingredient in popcorn, chips, and crackers, meal replacement, snack bars, and dry protein powders for non-alcoholic beverages.

DNF-10® addresses weight management through the regulation of the mediators of satiety. The low molecular weight peptides (<10kDa) from DNF-10® downregulate ghrelin, the inner hunger promoter, and lower the hypothalamic expression of the neuropeptide Y. Over the log term, DNF-10® is proven to maintain the secretion of leptin, a satiety hormone secreted by the fat cells.

Clinical studies demonstrate that a daily intake of 500 mg of DNF-10® significantly decreases the caloric intake of supplemented subjects by 200 kcal/ day after the first weeks, to reach a total reduction in caloric intake of 600 kcal/day after 2 months (DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.1.45). This lower intake of food results in significant body weight loss after 4 weeks. Measured with computed tomography, the weight loss is from a treduction in fat mass, rebalancing body composition od the subjects (DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013. 02.009).

Clinical studies on a total of 135 subjects, published in peer-review journals, are available to support these results.

Water-soluble and heat-resistant, DNF-10® is recommended at a dosage of 500 mg/day for the formulation of dietary supplements and now, for a large scope of functional foods.

lnogier@fytexia.com www.dnf-10.com

DNF-10® is a yeast hydrolyzate obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been scientifically proven to reduce body weight through the regulation of appetite hormones. Fytexia announced that the ingredient DNF-10® has now received "generally

Fraktal Beauty: No.1 cosmetics for menopausal skin

In a conversation with Tea Višek, the owner of the brand, we present a new Croatian cosmetic brand that has 7 products in its line - 4 serums and oils for facial care, and 3 products for body care, intended for women in menopause.

n How did it all start, what inspired you and what was the initial idea?

My personal experience, as well as the experiences of women from my private and business environment, have led to the realization that there are almost no cosmetics on the market that are intended for menopausal skin. It was a surprising discovery, but also stimulating in a business sense.

n What was needed from the idea to the realization?

I have been working with ingredients for the cosmetic industry all my life and I had a great team involved in the development of the brand we called Fraktal Beauty. We worked for several years on the development of formulations, and the effort paid off in the end, because independent efficacy tests showed that our products are superior not only in terms of composition, but also in terms of effectiveness.

n What do you produce today and where and how do you sell your products?

Currently, the Fraktal Beauty brand contains 7 products - 4 serums and oils for face care, and 3 products for body care.

Soon we will introduce new products to the market, and of course the work on research and development of new cosmetic formulations never stops, so we look forward to many new Fraktal Beauty products in the future.

As for the placement of Fraktal Beauty products, thanks to the cooperation with Oktal Pharma as a distributor for pharmacies, the products will soon be available in pharmacies across Croatia. After that, we are moving to other markets in the region, and we hope to find distributors for various other regions of the world in the near future.

n How satisfied are you with what has been achieved?

Fraktal Beauty was introduced a few months ago, but we have already generated great interest and enthusiasm from women who use our products. And we are also pleased by the fact that because of Fraktal Beauty, menopause is being talked about more and more openly.

n What are you most proud of?

We are certainly most proud of the fact that Fraktal Beauty products have been independently tested for effectiveness, and that they really showed excellent results. In this sense, the new products, which we will soon present to the public, continue the trend of proven efficiency, which I believe is very important when it comes to cosmetic products.

www.fraktalbeauty.com

SeaBalance the world’s first seaweedbased cosmetic emulsifier

AUTHOR: Petra Vuksan, Biesterfeld Spezialchemie

Sustainability continues to rise as a top executive suite concern in every industry, driven in part by consumers becoming increasingly alarmed by the rising number of irregular droughts, floods, forest fires, blizzards and hurricanes experienced locally – and the growing consensus from the science community and international organizations that fault the private sector for not doing enough.

Company Carbonwave is spearheading an approach that harnesses the natural regenerative capacity of our oceans to make truly sustainable products. While seaweed has been used in active ingredients for many years, with claims ranging from moisturization to antioxidants and anti-aging, Carbonwave has developed the world’s first seaweed-based emulsifier for personal care, from a seaweed called sargassum, also known as gulfweed. Carbonwave has patented a cascading biorefinery model capable of creating products and biomaterials across different industries, and SeaBalance 2000 is its first product in the Per-

sonal care market.

Sargassum is a free-floating macroalgae traditionally found in the Sargasso sea, located in the Atlantic ocean. In recent years, the sargassum has spread due to excess nutrient runoff from the Amazon (yet another problem of deforestation) and heating oceans, leading to belts of sargassum of monstrous proportions, estimated to weigh 20 million tonnes . This belt is carried by ocean currents to Mexico and the Caribbean where it washes up onto beaches. As it makes landfall, it deprives near-shore marine habitats like coral reefs of oxygen and sunlight and starts releasing arsenic and hydrogen sulphide resulting in a smell akin to that of rotting eggs. For an area that relies extensively on tourism to sustain its economy, sargassum presents an immense problem. It is estimated that the direct impact of sargassum is a 35% decline in tourism prior to Covid19. The “solution” up until now has been to dump the stuff on landfills, out of sight and mind. However, as the aerobic decom-

SeaBalance is an oil-in-water emulsifier, which, compared to the emulsifier market in general and other natural alternatives, is distinguished by its outstanding workability and performance. It is produced by a proprietary cold extraction based on "green chemistry" that is gentle and allows the valuable characteristics of seaweed to be retained.

position sets in, the sargassum starts releasing methane. Methane is an incredibly powerful greenhouse gas, 28 times more potent at trapping heat inside the atmosphere than CO2 and consequently solves one problem by creating another.

SeaBalance is a Cosmos Approved oil-in-water emulsifier with remarkable workability and performance, compared to the emulsifier market in general and other natural alternatives. Made through a proprietary green chemistry-based cold extraction that is gentle to keep the valuable characteristics of the seaweed. Our sargassum extract has been registered with PCPC under the INCI name “Sargassum Fluitans/Natans Extract”. As the name alludes to, the sargassum collected is a mix of two distinct, yet inseparable species of sargassum: Fluitans and Natans. SeaBalance is an anionic emulsifier in a viscous, off-white paste form, and it can be used in both hot and cold processes – an important consideration for formulators looking to reduce overall energy consumption.

The emulsions made from SeaBalance are silky white with a great skin-feel at use-levels of between 3-6%. It is an incredibly versatile emulsifier that can hold a wide range of emollients (non-polar and polar), pHs, oil concentrations, as well as salt concentrations (Table 1).

In the many ongoing customer trials, the wide range of use-cases has been noteworthy, allowing the formulator to make anything from a serum to a thick cream. To date, SeaBalance has been tested in many different formulations, ranging from anti-pimple masks to sunscreen. The latter was particularly exciting as the emulsion remained stable despite zinc and titanium oxide which can be challenging, particularly for natural emulsifiers.

All emulsions were subjected to freeze-thaw tests, 12-week on room temperature and on 40 °C test as well as accelerated, 50 °C stability tests for 10 days.

In contrast to land-based plants that compete for space with urban areas and rainforests, often need fresh water and an abundance of sunlight, limiting where a given plant can grow, Carbonwave believes the ocean holds the answer to many challenges and emphasizes the power of seaweed. Sargassum needs no land, no irrigation, and no additional nutrients to grow. Feedstock aside, SeaBalance also outperforms many natural alternatives, such as Cetearyl Olivate and Sorbitan Olivate, which in head-to-head trials both proves harder to work with and does not deliver stable emulsions across the same range of emollient polarities and concentrations as SeaBalance, particularly not when paired with salt content (Table 2).

In conclusion, SeaBalance is an incredibly high performing, natural emulsifier without the downsides of other natural ingredients. It delivers a powerful marketing story which aligns perfectly with the increasing demand for natural and sustainable products, and a growing interest in ocean-based ingredients. As showcased by the interest in sustainable ingredients at InCosmetics Global in Paris, the industry is starting to catch up to the demands of consumers and our planet. By choosing SeaBalance, formulators can make a true impact on sustainability, without compromising on emulsifier performance.

www.biesterfeld.com/hr/hr/hrvatska

1 https://www.usf.edu/marine-science/news/2021/2021-anotherbanner-year-for-brown-seaweed.aspx

2 https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20190728/sargassum-influx-results-35-dip-regional-tourism-says-bartlett

TABLE 2 Viscosity effect of SeaBalance vs. Cetearyl Olivate/Sorbitan Olivate

TABLE 1 Emulsion test data using various emollients

TOSLA NutricosmeticsReinventing beauty

The key ingredient in the product is collagen due to its proven benefits for skin, hair, joints and hormone balance. The innovative Velious™ Masking Technology eliminates its unpleasant taste and smell.

Aleading manufacturer at the forefront of the beauty and wellness industry TOSLA Nutricosmetics is producing scientifically proven, highly efficient and yet palatable collagen formulations. The company’s passion lies in harnessing the power of nutricosmetics and science to enhance beauty from within, offering a holistic approach to skincare and well-being, assisting companies in evolving product assortment, by helping them structure a new skincare routine for the end consumer.

TOSLA Nutricosmetics is blurring the lines between food and cosmetics, delivering technologically advanced nutricosmetics built around high performance, user experience, quality, safety and efficient manufacturing. Offering a comprehensive range of formulations, that are carefully crafted to nourish and support the body, it is providing the essential nutrients needed for radiant skin and overall wellness

and health. TOSLA Nutricosmetics has a clear goal to raise awareness and understanding, that beauty is not just skin deep; it is a reflection of inner vitality, balance and self-care.

Understanding the background

Before nutricosmetics, collagen was considered a useless protein, cheaper than eggs or whey protein. But with its contribution exceeding 30% of the human body, its significance is underscored by the pronounced decline in its production over time, consequently manifesting in visible indications of aging.

Collagen makes up a huge part of our skin, hair, nails, cornea, cartilage, bones, and connective tissues. Technically, it is a polypeptide that contains amino acids such as proline, hydroxyproline, arginine, and glycine, which are present in all connective tissues within the human body, even in vital organs. In

nature, collagen is found exclusively in animal tissue, meaning there is no such thing as vegan collagen. The products on the market, offering vegan collagen are normally a blend of different amino acids and a different mechanism of action in comparison to collagen.

Benefits of collagen

Stress, poor diet, gut health imbalances, and lifestyle choices in our modern lives largely impact how we age. This is why collagen is a prevalent anti-aging supplement, coupled with the benefits that have been scientifically proven. There are a lot of claims from various collagen products, from creams to beauty drinks, but the truth is that the real benefits are seen when collagen is used from the inside out.

At TOSLA, they first put to test the collagen benefits on the skin. When someone ages, the outer layer of the skin (epidermis) thins out and loses elasticity in a process known as elastosis. This is when someone starts to show more signs of aging, such as getting more wrinkles and lines, stretch marks, hyperpigmentation, and saggy skin. However, these changes in the skin are not permanent or irreversible. In studies that have been run previously, women who take collagen in the peptide form, regularly for eight weeks, saw a 20 % decrease in the number of wrinkles on their bodies.

The second most widely known influence of collagen is on hair. For healthy hair to grow, the human body needs keratin, minerals and of course, collagen. Most of the amino acids needed to produce keratin in the human body are also found in hydrolyzed collagen. Lysine, for instance, has also been found to reduce 5-alpha reductase, a major factor in male pattern baldness is present in collagen supplements. This explains why many people have seen improvements in their hair after taking collagen supplements.

Collagen in a supplement form is also very favorable to bones and joints in the same way as it benefits the skin. It helps the body’s natural production of collagen. It provides an available source of amino acids and is an effective way of improving joint function, supporting healthy bones, and promoting lean muscle mass.

Looking further, we notice hormones are responsible for many mechanisms within the body; this is why they need to be balanced to function optimally. Specific amino acids in collagen may help improve the amino acid balance in the body and support the body’s natural hormone production. Among others, collagen helps to balance insulin, cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, DHEA, melatonin, progesterone and even the human growth hormone. Another aspect of collagen influence is also seen when helping to protect the stomach lining and improve digestion as well as repairing leaky gut syndrome by nourishing the gut lining.

Last but not least, collagen supplements can help reduce anxiety and make it easy to deal with day-today stresses. The anti-anxiety properties of collagen lie in its high concentration of glycine. Glycine has several roles in the nervous system, such as inhibiting excitatory neurotransmitters, enhancing sleep quality, and regulating stress responses.

With the multiple aforementioned factors, we see

collagen as the number one anti-aging supplement. The many ways in which it can be incorporated into our diets make it even more attractive to consumers from different age groups and geographies. In addition, collagen supplements can be natural, healthy and cause no harm to the people who use them. Results acquired from various studies are positive, attributing that collagen supplements are used by people who want varying results, from better hair to stronger joints and healthier skin; collagen supplements have been proven to do the work.

What sets TOSLA Nutricosmetics apart from the market competition?

The secret lies in the company’s constant commitment to quality and effectiveness. Prioritizing the use of premium ingredients, backed by rigorous research and development, to ensure the utmost efficacy of their formulations. As well as creating cutting-edge solutions that deliver visible and long-lasting results.

A key player in the differentiation of collagenbased products that presents TOSLA as the leading manufacturer is VELIOUS™ Masking Technology. The award-winning Masking Technology has undergone a thorough sensory study, confirming the superior palatability of the product using our technology over those products without it. It is a game-changer in the industry, as it tackles this obstacle head-on. The technology effectively masks collagen's unpleasant taste and smell, eliminating any potential unpleasant aftertaste and enhancing the overall sensory experience.

This innovation opens up exciting possibilities for the nutricosmetics market. With VELIOUS™ Masking Technology, consumers can now enjoy the full benefits of collagen and other active ingredients without compromising on taste. Mentioned advancement encourages consistent consumption, allowing individuals to seamlessly incorporate nutricosmetics into their daily routine, maximizing the potential results.

Moreover, the Masking Technology rewarded with a prestigious Cosmetics & Toiletries Allē Award, not only provides an enjoyable experience in terms of smell and taste but also enables highly concentrated formulations, delivering results sooner. TOSLA Nutricosmetics is committed to delivering ready-todrink high-quality products which satisfy even the most demanding consumers. By combining TOSLA's expertise in collagen formulation together with this extraordinary innovation, TOSLA has created a powerful synergy that enhances the consumer experience, leading to continuous consumption and hence, optimum effectiveness.

Setting a new standard in the nutricosmetics industry, TOSLA Nutricosmetics is addressing consumer demands for both taste and efficacy. By providing an enjoyable experience and tangible results, they are revolutionizing the way we approach beauty from within.

TOSLA's clinical study reveals powerful beauty­from­within results with collagen peptides and MSM

As the beauty-from-within trend gains momentum in the beauty industry, a recent clinical study by

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

TOSLA Nutricosmetics highlights the efficacy of three products, each containing varying concentrations and combinations of collagen peptides and a sulfur-rich molecule, MSM.

The robustness of a clinical study is mainly dependent on its execution. Characteristics such as a large sample size, randomization, stringent study design, blind testing and comprehensive data analysis all contribute to the credibility of the results. The study led by TOSLA satisfies all these criteria. The variety of products, participant count, and inclusion of MSM render this study one of the most extensive ingestible collagen studies to date.

This intriguing study explores the synergistic effects of collagen peptides and MSM, comparing the results of 5g and 10g collagen peptide doses. 107 women aged between 40 to 65 with a BMI under 35 participated in the 12-week study, which was independently monitored and conducted.

In addition to a placebo group, the study evaluated three active products containing TOSLA's rigor-

ously tested collagen peptides. These peptides had to meet stringent quality control measures, ensuring high efficacy, superior taste and an optimal texture profile in concentrated, ready-to-drink collagen products. Moreover, the already mentioned VELIOUS™ Masking Technology was used to neutralize the typically unpleasant taste of collagen.

Participants were divided into four groups, each receiving (unknowingly) either a placebo, 5g of collagen peptides with 1.5g of MSM, 10g of collagen peptides with 1.5g of MSM, or 10g of collagen peptides alone. The participants were instructed to consume their liquid supplement once a day. Following the 12 weeks, there were notable improvements in all groups with the exception of the one on placebo. The change was seen in dermis density (up to 19 %), dermis thickness (up to 4.4 %), skin hydration (up to 40 %), as well as a reduction in skin roughness (up to 12%), wrinkle depth (up to 21 %) and wrinkle volume (up to 15 %).

Of particular interest was the role of MSM in re-

FIGURE 2 Ultrasound comparison: Baseline vs. 12 weeks post 10g Collagen Peptide and MSM supplementation.

FIGURE 1 Comparative analysis of formulas with and without MSM vs. Placebo. Roughness (Ra) was determined on the cheek area.

ducing skin roughness. This effect was observed exclusively in the two products containing MSM, even when compared with those holding the maximum collagen peptide concentration (10g).

The study highlighted the benefits of higher collagen peptide intake, but interestingly, it also suggested that these benefits plateau over time. While a 10g daily dose of collagen peptides might expedite initial results, persistently high intake isn't necessarily more advantageous.

TOSLA remains committed to contributing to scientific knowledge by conducting at least one clinical study in the field of nutricosmetics annually. They are forecasting the next one by the end of 2023, investigating the synergy between hyaluronic acid and collagen peptides. With a goal to advance the understanding of beauty from within and redefine the landscape of the beauty industry.

Join the discussion

In summary, we can say, TOSLA Nutricosmetics is committed to empowering individuals to add nutricosmetics to their self-care routine and embrace

their unique beauty. Striving to educate and inspire, share insights, tips, and wellness practices to support consumers on their wellness journey. The brand is built on transparency, trust, and a genuine passion for helping individuals look and feel their best.

In keeping with its reputation as a thought leader, with a desire to impart its knowledge and expertise to others, TOSLA launched the Nutricosmetics 2030 platform, bringing together some of the brightest minds in nutricosmetics to discuss the latest trends and developments in the field. The open-access educational content platform, developed to gather and share knowledge from experts in the nutritional beauty supplements category is a cross-industry resource with content, live and online events.

By raising industry awareness and establishing standards, TOSLA also developed a comprehensive, Global Nutricosmetics Map of all the disrupting brands and stakeholders in the nutricosmetics sector. This brand map represents the segments of the nutricosmetics world, enabling individuals and businesses, to gain a holistic understanding of the competitive landscape. It promotes transparency, knowledge-sharing and facilitates collaboration within the industry, ultimately contributing to the growth and advancement of all stakeholders involved.

As the demand for nutricosmetics continues to grow, innovations and transparent communication, play a crucial role in shaping the future of the industry. TOSLA’s continuous work and improvements, serve as a testament of commitment to consumer satisfaction, quality and effectiveness. Developing cutting-edge products and staying on top of the latest trends, show we are stepping into a new era of delightful and impactful beauty from within.

https://toslanutricosmetics.com/ https://nutricosmetics2030.com/

FIGURE 3 Baseline vs. 12-week wrinkle comparison following 10g collagen peptide supplementation. The dark red indicates the deepest features and white corresponds to the top of the skin surface.

Ingredients for heart and cardiovascular health

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders that affect the function of the heart and blood vessels, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 17.9 million deaths each year1. According to the WHO, the key factors for CVD are listed in Table 1.

Heart and cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Caused by factors such as an unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity, smoking, and stress, they require increased attention and timely preventive measures. A combination of appropriate food and dietary supplements can help reduce risk factors.

Although heart diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, they can largely be prevented. Dietary supplements have great potential for heart health in addition to adopting healthy lifestyle habits. In the following text, we will discuss several ingredients in dietary supplements that have actual evidence of their effectiveness.

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have shown numerous benefits for the heart. Their

positive effects include reducing triglyceride levels, blood pressure, and inflammatory processes in the body. Additionally, omega-3 fatty acids improve blood vessel elasticity and reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke2,3

Coenzyme Q10 is a substance naturally found in the body that plays an important role in energy production. Furthermore, research has shown that coenzyme Q10, in the form of a dietary supplement, can improve heart function, reduce the risk of heart disease, and support recovery after a heart attack. It acts as an antioxidant and helps maintain a healthy heart muscle4

Resveratrol is a natural compound found in red wine, black grapes, and some other plants. Studies have shown that it has antioxidant properties and can improve heart health. It works by reducing inflammation, protecting blood vessels from damage, and promoting circulation5

Black garlic extract is gaining attention as a potential dietary supplement for heart health. It is obtained through the fermentation of fresh white garlic under specific conditions. This process creates a unique combination of active compounds that can have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. Research has shown that black garlic extract can provide the following benefits for the heart6,7,8:

• Antioxidant action: black garlic extract is rich in antioxidants that can help reduce oxidative stress in the body. Oxidative stress can damage blood vessels and contribute to the development of heart diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally.

An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85% were due to heart attack and stroke.

Over three quarters of CVD deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries.

Out of the 17 million premature deaths (under the age of 70) due to noncommunicable diseases in 2019, 38% were caused by CVDs.

Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by addressing behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity and harmful use of alcohol.

It is important to detect cardiovascular disease as early as possible so that management with counselling and medicines can begin.

• Cholesterol reduction: some studies suggest that black garlic extract can lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) levels in the blood. High cholesterol levels are known to increase the risk of heart disease.

• Blood pressure reduction: preliminary research indicates that black garlic extract may have a mild hypotensive effect, meaning it can lower blood pressure. This can be beneficial for individuals with high blood pressure.

• Anti-inflammatory action: black garlic extract contains compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is an important factor in the development of heart diseases, so the anti-inflammatory action of black garlic can be beneficial for heart health.

Despite these promising results, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of action and confirm the benefits of black garlic extract for the heart.

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) is a plant traditionally used to support heart and cardiovascular health.

Ingredients that, with a better safety profile, can replace today's illegal amount of 10 mg of monacolin K in a single dose per day are becoming more and more popular.

AUTHOR: Kristina Harča, M.pharm.

TABLE 1 CVD disease key factors

Studies have shown that its extract can improve blood flow, regulate blood pressure, reduce inflammation, and support heart function9-12. The effects are attributed to the presence of flavonoids, procyanidins, and other compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Hawthorn is used to treat symptoms of mild to moderate heart failure, angina, and high blood pressure. It has also been found to be helpful in alleviating symptoms of arrhythmias and promoting a healthy heart rhythm. However, it is important to note that each individual may respond differently to hawthorn. Consultation with a doctor is recommended before taking hawthorn preparations or making changes to the treatment regimen. Special attention should be paid to patients who are prescribed digitalis, and they should be informed that hawthorn preparations may enhance the effect of the medication. Therefore, the recommendation is either to adjust the medication dosage (under medical supervision) or avoid simultaneous consumption.

In Croatia, two species of hawthorn are on the list of permitted substances for dietary supplements according to the current regulations: Crataeguslaevigata and Crataegus monogyna , with limitations: the permitted ingredients are leaf and flower, and the dosage is limited to a maximum equivalent of 1,5 g/day of the starting herbal material (leaf and flower). The dietary supplement label must include the text: "Should not be used for more than 4 months without interruption. Individuals taking medications should consult a doctor before use. Not recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding women."

In the Czech Republic, there is a limitation that dried leaves, flowers, and fruits can be used in a maximum quantity of 1,000 mg per day.

Hawthorn has several on-hold health claims for cardiovascular health and circulation.

Tomato Extract - several scientific articles discuss the beneficial effects of tomato extract on cardiovascular health. Different scientific studies suggest that lycopene, the main bioactive compound in tomatoes, may have various beneficial physiological effects on improving cardiovascular health through platelet aggregation and related vascular mechanisms13 .

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has is-

sued a scientific opinion (Figure 1) on the substantiation of a health claim for water-soluble tomato concentrate sold under the patented name Fruitflow® in two forms: water-soluble tomato concentrate syrup (WSTC I) or powder (WSTC II). The claimed effect is a "reduction in platelet aggregation," and the target population is healthy adults aged between 35 and 70 years. The panel considers that maintaining normal platelet aggregation is beneficial for human health14

In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (RCT), a significant reduction (compared to placebo) of 825% in platelet aggregation was observed 3 hours after consuming tomato extract, corresponding to 3 g and 9 g of WSTC I in 200 mL of orange juice15

Berberine - Insulin resistance can worsen cardiovascular health over time, as chronically elevated blood sugar can cause tissue damage and elevated blood pressure.

Berberine is a bioactive compound that can be extracted from a group of shrubs called Berberis, such as Berberisvulgaris L., and Berberis aristata DC. Technically, it belongs to a class of compounds called alkaloids. Berberine is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which means it can help attract glucose and lipids into cells, allowing them to be used as energy.

In addition to reducing blood sugar, which can be compared to diabetes medication (Metformin), berberine is a powerful agent for lowering blood glucose levels that can be beneficial for individuals with impaired glucose regulation. When combined with lifestyle interventions, berberine can greatly improve glucose levels (HbA1c) and help lower high cholesterol in individuals with type 2 diabetes17

Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenolic compound found in olive oil that is well-known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic effects. It can also be found in olive water, a by-product of olive oil production. It is one of the components contributing to the positive effects of the Mediterranean diet on health. It has been proven to have potential therapeutic and preventive properties in cardiovascular diseases (Figure 2). A review of scientific literature on hydroxytyrosol in in vitro and in vivo models, as well as in clinical studies on humans, describes its potential biological effects on cardiovascular health18

Taken from: CámaraM,Fernández-RuizV,Sánchez-MataMC,CámaraRM,DomínguezL,SessoHD.ScientificEvidenceoftheBeneficial EffectsofTomatoProductsonCardiovascularDiseaseandPlateletAggregation.FrontNutr.2022;9:849841.Published2022Mar15. doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.849841

FIGURE 1 EFSA scientific opinion on the substantiation of a health claim for water-soluble tomato concentrate

EFSA has assigned a health claim: "olive oil polyphenols contribute to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative stress." The claim can only be used for olive oil that contains at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives (e.g., oleuropein complex and tyrosol) per 20 g of olive oil. To use this claim, consumers must be provided with information that the beneficial effect is achieved through the daily consumption of 20 g of olive oil.

Red yeast rice extract - according to European regulation, red yeast rice extract is considered a preparation that can reduce cholesterol levels due to its content of monacolin K. Monacolin K is similar to the active ingredient in statins, pharmaceutical drugs used to lower cholesterol.

The use of red fermented rice extract has significantly changed with the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) 2022/860 on June 1, 2022, amending Annex III of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, regarding monacolins from red fermented rice.

Red fermented rice is obtained by fermenting rice using the Monascuspurpureus yeast, resulting in the production of monacolins, primarily monacolin K. In China, it has traditionally been used as a food colorant and as a traditional remedy to promote digestion and blood circulation. It is not approved for use as a food colorant in the EU, as it is not listed in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on food additives.

Unlike the previous limit of 10 mg of monacolin K from red fermented rice in a single portion for daily consumption, the product must now contain less than 3 mg of monacolin in a single, daily portion. The packaging must also indicate the number of individual servings of the product for the maximum allowed daily consumption and provide a warning not to consume a daily dose of 3 mg or more.

The packaging must state the monacolin content per serving of the product and include the following warnings: "The product should not be consumed by pregnant women, breastfeeding women, children under 18 years of age, and adults over 70 years of age";

"If you have any health problems, consult a doctor before consuming this product"; "The product should not be consumed if you are taking cholesterol-lowering medications"; "The product should not be consumed if you are already taking other products that contain red fermented rice."

Conclusion

Dietary supplements can be beneficial as part of a comprehensive approach to maintaining cardiovas-

cular health. Omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, black garlic, hawthorn, resveratrol, and berberine are some of the ingredients in dietary supplements that have shown beneficial effects on heart health and have an appropriate safety profile.

The ingredients of finished products and combinations of active substances have greatly changed after the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) 2022/860 on June 1, 2022, amending Annex III. Prior to this regulation, a large number of dietary supplements aimed at cardiovascular health were based solely on red yeast rice extract and monacolin K. Therefore, this topic gains further significance as new ingredients that can replace products containing 10 mg of monacolin K, but with a better safety profile, become popular.

The application of the results of past and future research will demonstrate the best direction for developing new products to achieve optimal support for cardiovascular health.

References:

1 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-%28cvds%29

2 Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. (2011). Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: effects on risk factors, molecular pathways, and clinical events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 58(20):2047-67.

3 Yan J, Liu M, Yang D, Zhang Y, An F. Efficacy and Safety of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2022 Sep 14]. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2022;10.1007/s10557022-07379-z. doi:10.1007/s10557-022-07379-z

4 Singh RB, et al. (2007). Effect of coenzyme Q10 on risk of atherosclerosis in patients with recent myocardial infarction. Mol Cell Biochem. 297(1-2):21-30.

5 Bonnefont-Rousselot D. (2016). Resveratrol and cardiovascular diseases. Nutrients. 8(5):250.

6 Qian H, et al. (2016). The potential of black garlic (Allium sativum) for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Food Funct. 7(2): 833-844.

7 Ide N, et al. (2003). Antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of aged garlic extract and its constituents. Planta Med. 69(5): 356-360.

8 Lee YM, et al. (2013). Black garlic (Allium sativum) extracts

9 Pittler MH, Schmidt K, Ernst E. Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart failure: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Med. 2003 Jun 1;114(8):665-74.

10 Walker AF, Marakis G, Simpson E, et al. Hypotensive effects of hawthorn for patients with diabetes taking prescription drugs: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Gen Pract. 2006 Jun 1;56(527):437-43.

11 Walker AF, Marakis G, Simpson E, et al. Hypotensive effects of hawthorn extract: a randomized trial. Lancet. 2002 Jun 15;359 (9320):978-80.

12 Zick SM, Vautaw BM, Gillespie B, Aaronson KD. Hawthorn Extract Randomized Blinded Chronic Heart Failure (HERB CHF) trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009 Jun;11(6):990-9.

13 Cámara M, Fernández-Ruiz V, Sánchez-Mata MC, Cámara RM, Domínguez L, Sesso HD. Scientific Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Tomato Products on Cardiovascular Disease and Platelet Aggregation. Front Nutr. 2022;9:849841. Published 2022 Mar 15. doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.849841

14 https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1101

15 Cámara M, Fernández-Ruiz V, Sánchez-Mata MC, Domínguez Díaz L, Kardinaal A, van Lieshout M. Evidence of antiplatelet aggregation effects from the consumption of tomato products, according to EFSA health claim requirements. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(9):1515-1522. doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1577215

16 Lan J, Zhao Y, Dong F, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;161:6981. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.049

17 D'Angelo C, Franceschelli S, Quiles JL, Speranza L. Wide Biological Role of Hydroxytyrosol: Possible Therapeutic and Preventive Properties in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells. 2020;9(9):1932. Published 2020 Aug 21. doi:10.3390/cells9091932

Taken from: D'Angelo C, Franceschelli S, Quiles JL, Speranza L. Wide Biological Role of Hydroxytyrosol: Possible Therapeutic and Preventive Properties in Cardiovascular Diseases.Cells.2020;9(9):1932.Published2020Aug21.doi:10.3390/ cells9091932

FIGURE 2 Mechanism of free radical scavenging under the influence of hydroxytyrosol (HT)

CholBiome®CH new dual-action cholesterol reducing tablet

CholBiome®ch - the latest innovation from ProBiotix presented at Vitafoods Europe, contains two active ingredients: Lactobacillusplantarum LPldl® - a patented probiotic supported by numerous independent studies and plant sterols/stanols (PSS) with a proven cholesterol-lowering effect.

ProBiotix Health, a global market leader in microbiome modulation technology in the life sciences industry, has added to its growing range of science-backed cholesterol-reducing products with CholBiome® ch.

The latest innovation from ProBiotix, which was launched at Vitafoods Europe this year, is a result of new regulations from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) that came into effect last June. Here EFSA ruled that monacolin K, an ingredient which was known to maintain normal cholesterol levels in the blood, was no longer able to make its health claim regarding cholesterol.

In addition, the governing body set a new daily limit of less than 3mg of content for any food or supplement that contained monocolin, with a warning required to consumers to avoid consumption if they were lactating, below 18 years old or above the age of 70, and already taking cholesterol-lowering drugs1,2

To support food brands, retailers and consumers in making the switch from monacolin K to another alternative solution, CholBiome® ch contains two active ingredients in a bi-layer tablet – the company’s patented probiotic backed by multiple independent studies, Lactobacillus plantarum LPldl®, and plant sterols/stanols (PSS). These combine synergistically to support the reduction of both internal and dietary cholesterol levels via its dual action cholesterol reducing formula.

Steen Andersen, CEO at ProBiotix, commented: “With one in six deaths globally caused by coronary heart disease and up to 4.4 million deaths recorded globally due to high LDL cholesterol in 20193, it is vital that the life sciences industry responds with natural innovations that can support a healthy heart. Since the pandemic, consumers are actively seeking out natural supplements that take preventative action and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Those that do so by reducing LDL cholesterol levels safely, effectively and through evidence-backed research are exactly what consumers are looking for.

“For many years, ProBiotix Health has been help-

ing to tackle high cholesterol and blood pressure with our CholBiome® range, which includes CholBiome®X3, CholBiome® bp and CholBiome® VH. We are proud to announce that CholBiome® CH extends our range of uniquely formulated heart health food supplements.”

”This new allergen and GMO-free innovation delivers a dual mechanism of action, where the awardwinning ingredient LPldl acts on the internal cholesterol to produce enzymes that break down bile salts. This encourages the liver to remove cholesterol from the blood to replenish required levels and maintain the body’s bile salt pool. Through the secondary action, PSS reduces dietary cholesterol absorption and promotes excretion.

Due to the inclusion of PSS, CholBiome® CH can claim to contribute to the maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels, as backed by EFSA4

“High levels of cholesterol have been commonly tackled by approaches that come with multiple undesirable side effects,” continued Andersen. “Yet LPldl offers a scientific, side-effect free alternative to improve cardiovascular health. The naturally occurring probiotic strain has demonstrated its efficacy in several human studies showing that it can effectively lower total cholesterol and ‘bad’ LDL cholesterol, while increasing ‘good’ HDL cholesterol. As a leader in the microbiome modulation area, consumers and those in the industry can rest assured that we continuously expand the clinical studies supporting the efficacy of CholBiome® and LPldl.”

https://lpldl.com/cholbiome-series/

References:

1 Sandwalk Bioventures, June 2022 https://www.sandwalkbio.com/ post/monacolins-restrictions-coming-up-in-europe

2 Publications Office (europa.eu)

3 British Heart Foundation, February 2023

4 EFSA Journal 2010;8(10):1813

ABG+® - completely natural black garlic extract

nutritional

AUTHOR: Carlos Rodríguez, Pharmactive Communication manager

Over the last few years, trends regarding the most demanded food supplements have shown the growing interest of users in the use of natural products to improve cardiovascular health. It is for this reason that Pharmactive Biotech Products, SLU, launched ABG+®, an all-natural aged black garlic extract focused on supporting heart function.

Aged black garlic has long been considered a culinary delicacy and an integral part of the Asian diet, as well as being valued for its health benefits. Traditionally, it is produced by ageing whole fresh garlic bulbs in high humidity and low temperatures for several weeks. The garlic cloves darken and take on a soft, gelatinous texture, while losing the characteristic pungent taste of garlic as they become sweet, which is the main reason why the social character of aged black garlic is praised.

"As black garlic ages, it acquires a characteristic sweet taste while its traditional garlic flavour and aroma fades due to the breakdown of allicin," says the company's R&D department. "This characteristic facilitates its incorporation into various formulations, as any slight traces of garlic flavour can be easily masked by combining it with fruit or other flavours." Sourced from a special variety of garlic, and grown just two hours from Pharmactive's facility, the garlic bulbs are aged and extracted using the ABG Cool-Tech® ageing technique, which optimises the extraction process of ABG+® aged black garlic extract using more sustainable methods, as it only uses low temperature water that preserves 100% of SAC and other relevant compounds in the aged black garlic. This method generates very little waste and significantly reduces the environmental impact as it does not use solvents, synthetic products or harmful additives.

In the last few years, the trends regarding the most sought-after

supplements show an increased interest of users in using natural products to improve cardiovascular health. That's exactly why Pharmactive Biotech Products launched ABG+® - a completely natural black garlic extract designed to support heart function.

This process consists of favouring the Maillard reaction, which transforms fresh garlic into aged black garlic and enriching it with the main bioactive molecules, creating a set of powerful antioxidants (Figure 1), including polyphenols, flavonoids and melanoidins. One of the most prevalent bioactive compounds is S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), known for its cardioprotective qualities, making ABG+® a perfect ingredient for cardiovascular health.

"SAC is virtually absent in fresh garlic but is synthesised and accumulated during ageing under specific environmental conditions," explains Dr Alberto Espinel. "The presence and concentration of active compounds are closely related to the manufacturing process. Most black garlic products available on the market are mainly designed for culinary uses and contain a minimal amount of SAC. In some cases, SAC is produced in garlic through lengthy industrial procedures involving the soaking of the bulbs in organic solvents, and these products are marketed simply as 'aged garlic'. This compromises the bioactive content and is the reason why available studies on black garlic extracts show contradictory results."

Importantly, one of the therapeutic areas targeted by ABG+® is the balancing of blood cholesterol levels. For the past 30 years, red yeast rice has been

one of the star ingredients in products aimed at improving cardiovascular health, thanks to the fact that it is an ingredient that is very rich in Monacolin K, widely known for its effects on cholesterol levels. But the status of this molecule has changed dramatically after EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) has announced its intention to ban the sale of supplements containing 3 mg or more Monacolin K. This is important as the highest dose of Monacolin K in the European Union was the highest in the world, and the most frequently used dose was 10 mg of Monacolin K. For this reason, the European market has turned its attention to new ingredients such as ABG+ ®. "Now that the dose of red yeast rice - which helps regulate cholesterol levels - is limited and has lost its EFSA-approved claims, product manufacturers can combine it with ABG+® to help maintain cholesterol and blood pressure levels," says Dr Alberto Espinel, a member of Pharmactive's R&D department.

“This allows the creation of a final product that can support the reduction of multiple risk factors to contribute to the preservation of the health of the cardiovascular system.”

ABG+® is standardised to 0.1% S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), quantified by HPLC (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). Pharmactive Biotech Products SLU al-

FIGURE 2 Changes in DBP at the baseline and 6 weeks in men and women treated daily with placebo or ABG+®. *p-value < 0,05 vs baseline. Red lines show the difference on baseline DBP between men and women in the study.

FIGURE 1 DPPH assay: The capability to accept a free radical of the molecule DPPH

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

so has a more concentrated formulation, ABG25+® , standardised by HPLC to 0.25% SAC.

All ABG+® ingredients are water-soluble and can be used in multiple applications, such as gummies, capsules, soft gels, syrups and powders. ABG+® is an ideal ingredient for formulating functional foods and even gummies... due to the absence of the characteristic smell and taste of garlic. Finally, a study published in the scientific journal Nutrients, showed that ABG+ extract significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 5.85 mm Hg on average compared to a placebo (Figure 2.). The favourable reaction was particularly evident in men. "Even a small decrease of 5 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure has a significant impact on reducing the risk of stroke and other vascular events," explains Dr Alberto Espinel.

This randomised, double-blind study was conducted at the Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital in Barcelona, and included 67 hypercholesterolemic adult volunteers with relatively high levels of LDL in their blood. Each participant consumed 250 mg of ABG+ or placebo for six weeks, with a three-week washout period before crossover. The subjects were also assigned a fixed diet that excluded lipid-lowering and antihypertensive foods1. (Table 1.)

"This discovery marks one of the first indications of the blood pressure balancing power of ABG+ as a natural option in a population where the main intervention strategies are based on diet and healthy lifestyle. Remarkably, positive results were achieved by following a simple protocol of taking one ABG+ extract tablet per day," according to Dr Alberto Espinel.

This one has been the first clinical study conduct-

ed with ABG+, prompted by the company's encouraging results in two previous animal studies. Those trials demonstrated the cardioprotective role of the ingredient, as well as its ability to favourably balance blood lipids and improve vascular function. But it will not be the last, as a new study on ABG+ and blood pressure will soon be published with very positive results for cardiovascular health.

References:

1 Valls RM, Companys J, Calderón-Pérez L, et al. Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustained and Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2022;14(3):405. Published 2022 Jan 18. doi:10.3390/nu14030405

Pharmaceutical Biotech Products is a privately owned Spanish company that develops and produces various natural ingredients for the food, pharmaceutical and veterinary industries. The effectiveness of the ingredients is supported by scientific evidence.

https://pharmactive.eu/ info@pharmactive.eu

TABLE 1 Changes in diastolic blood pressure at 6 weeks of intervention by categories of diastolic pressure at V0 (cut off for the median value) and by gender.

Neumentix® and healthy neural tissues in eyes

Kemin presents new scientific data on nutraceutical Neumentix® and healthy neural tissues in eyes and shares study results at annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.

Kemin Industries, a global ingredient manufacturer that strives to sustainably transform the quality of life every day for 80 percent of the world with its products and services, presented emerging preclinical data at the 2023 annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) in April. The data highlights the potential use of the nootropic Neumentix® for nutritional support of the eyes’ neural tissues through a rat model of hypertensive glaucoma.

During the annual meeting, Dr. Rosario Amato, postdoctoral research fellow from the University of Pisa in Italy and Kemin’s research partner for the study, shared novel data on the efficacy of oral intake of Neumentix® in preserving the activity and viability of retinal ganglion cells, as well as Neumentix’s associated mechanisms of action in a rat model of hypertensive glaucoma.

“The research substantiates the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in driving neurodegeneration in retinal ganglion cells, but also demonstrates the potential to counteract these drivers with nutritional strategies,” said University of Pisa professor Massimo Dal Monte, the principal investigator of the study.

“Our findings emphasized the intraocular pressure-independent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Neumentix®,” said Dr. Amato.

The study findings validated Neumentix’s expanded mechanisms of action that are effective for neural tissues beyond the brain. Results also indicated that Neumentix®, Kemin’s natural spearmint (Menthaspicata L.) extract, sourced from patented plants and characterized by its phenolic complex, works to counteract common degenerative pathways in the eyes and brain.

“It was an honor to share Kemin’s latest scientific findings on a nutritional intervention in eye health, specifically in a rat model of hypertensive glaucoma,” said Samanta Maci, Senior Commercial and Technical Manager, Kemin Human Nutrition and Health. “The data presented at ARVO sheds light on how oral supplementation with our patented ingredient Neumentix® has the ability to protect retinal ganglion cells’ viability and function through improving neural trophism, reducing oxidative stress.”

Neumentix® provides both cognitive and physical performance benefits and can be formulated into a variety of applications. Science shows that Neumentix® may serve as nutritional support for neural tissues with its six suggested mechanisms of action

relevant for both the eyes and brain.

“The eye and brain are two of a kind,” said Maci. “The eye—specifically the retina—is an extension of the brain. They are connected through neurons that transmit information and, together, are key to vision. Both the eye and brain are sensitive to the same types of insults and share common degenerative mechanisms. Our latest data shows that Neumentix® is the right ingredient to innovate with when addressing neural health.”

Kemin Human Nutrition and Health offers science-backed ingredients to support whole body solutions, including vision, cognition, immune and gut health, beauty from within, sleep and weight management.

Kemin Industries is a global manufacturer of ingredients that strives to sustainably change the quality of everyday life with its products and services.

Founded in 1961, it is a private, family-owned company that produces more than 500 specialty ingredients on six continents. Science, innovation and leadership drive the company to make things better for people, animals, plants and the planet. The Human Nutrition and Health division cultivates and extracts functional ingredients from natural sources around the world. These ingredients, clinically proven to support vision, cognitive function, immune health and weight control, are used in a range of dietary food products, including nutritional supplements and snacks.

www.kemin.com

T. +351 214 157 500

Natac implements the Sustainext project

Sustainext is the first European government-funded project in the field of plant extract production whose main goal is the industrial implementation of intelligent, dynamic and analytical production that integrates the entire supply chain and facilitates the cascading valorization of raw materials.

In June 2023 Natac kicked off the implementation of SUSTAINEXT, marking the beginning of a groundbreaking venture. Natac welcomed its partners from across Europe to their facilities in Hervás, Spain, for a two-day meeting. Together, this consortium of 21 stakeholders will breathe life into SUSTAINEXT, the flagship project boasting a budget of €22 million, with a grant of €14 million from the Circular Biobased Europe Joint Undertaking (CBE JU). The project's mission is to revolutionize the botanical extracts industry through a unique model that can subsequently be replicated by the European bio-based sector. This flagship endeavor, the 14th of its kind in Europe, will be the inaugural project of its category to be established in Spain. Over the course of 54 months, the 21 partners will collaborate to achieve the established objectives.

As a result of the SUSTAINEXT project, Natac will solidify its position as the most competitive and sustainable botanical extract company in the global industry. The primary objective is resource-efficient utilization through the implementation of a versatile, multi-product NetZero Carbon digital processing facility with a capacity of 20,000 metric tons. This circular and disruptive model is based on the DYANA concept, an analytical, dynamic, and intelligent extract factory that seamlessly integrates the entire supply chain from raw materials to end-users, enabling cascading valorization of the feedstock. Batch-

optimized based on the initial feedstock composition, it delivers maximum value with twin goals of zero waste and zero emissions.

SUSTAINEXT will be industrially implemented using six sustainable and locally sourced European feedstocks. Three medicinal and aromatic crops (rosemary, lemon verbena, and chamomile) will be cultivated in Extremadura, in abandoned tobacco fields, as a shift towards healthier crops. These crops will also be grown in fields with solar panels, optimizing land use. Additionally, it will demonstrate how botanical material recycling presents an opportunity to breathe new life into underutilized biological materials, utilizing three agro-industrial byproducts (olive, artichoke/thistle, and pomegranate).

The botanical extracts sector is a thriving market with immense potential for technological advancement through the utilization of new concepts that SUSTAINEXT will develop. These advancements will propel the industry towards an integrated, dynamic, environmentally friendly, and cascading model, aiming to achieve zero pollution and zero carbon emissions. There is a clear business opportunity with a remarkably high market potential to implement a large-scale disruptive industrial model that enables the production of plant-based ingredients, while meeting the three key market drivers: cost competitiveness, guaranteed quality/traceability, and production sustainability.

The project was officially launched on 13 June 2023 with the celebration of its Kick-Off Meeting in Hervás (Spain).

The SUSTAINEXT project will enable:

• Generate socio­economic benefits in Extremadura. This Spanish region with a strong agricultural and livestock tradition, located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, is currently facing several challenges. This presents a key opportunity to unlock new value chains in the region, through the utilization of selected medicinal and aromatic plants (rosemary, chamomile, and lemon verbena), as well as olive, artichoke, and pomegranate organic material, which will generate new business opportunities and employment, both directly and indirectly. Natac in the SUSTAINEXT framework, aims to actively participate and positively address the region's challenges and seek solutions.

• Establish new alternatives to the tobacco plant industry. 98% of tobacco cultivation in Spain takes place in Extremadura, encompassing a total of 8,664 hectares. Presently, this industry is seeking fresh alternatives that enhance its economic viability and garner greater social acceptance through the cultivation of healthier crops. This is where medicinal and aromatic plants, which Natac employs to produce its extracts, come into play, offering a viable and profitable opportunity.

• Shift from photovoltaic to agri­voltaic solar energy. Extremadura stands as the Spanish region with the highest installed capacity of photovoltaic solar energy, intensifying the competition for land usage and resulting in increased carbon emissions due to land use change. Agri-power has emerged as a sustainable model, effectively combining the production of clean and affordable electricity with agricultural production.

• Valorise agro­industrial organic material. This represents one of the greatest challenges for the region of Extremadura, ranking fifth in Spain in terms of agro-industrial organic material production, with an annual output of 6,800 tonnes. Currently, these resources are underutilized raw materials with significant potential for the development of new healthy ingredients.

Natac, a global leader in sustainable botanical extract production, with its main manufacturing facility located in Hervás, opens its doors to serve as the epicenter of the SUSTAINEXT project. Leading a consortium of experts from 20 partners, who bring diversity, excellence, and strength to ensure the technological, technical, and social progress of the project.

Quotes from Natac and CBE JU representatives

"The SUSTAINEXT project solidifies Natac's longstanding strategy, which was initiated in 2010, to embrace the circular bioeconomy as a sustainable business model. Our mission has remained steadfast: to transfer scientific knowledge into industrially viable and sustainable projects that generate value and enhance people's lives. Today, we celebrate the fact that this commitment is acknowledged and supported by a multitude of stakeholders, encompassing public and private entities, both for-profit and non-profit, from numerous industries and sectors. Furthermore, our commitment resonates with end consumers, who ultimately drive our success. Guid-

ed by this momentum, our aim is to continue this strategy and spearhead this movement with a holistic, multi-impact business-led approach such as SUSTAINEXT." – Antonio Delgado, CEO of Natac.

"The SUSTAINEXT project is showing Europe how the circular bio-based industries can create jobs, attract talent, and spur business opportunities in rural regions like Extremadura. The project will put in place a sustainable and efficient bioeconomy business model based on zero-waste and zero-pollution processes integrated with renewable energy. Hervás will set a new standard in sustainable progress with an innovative and first-of-its-kind biorefinery; I hope their example will ignite a paradigm shift that empowers regions and sectors to embrace the circular bio-based industries." - Nicoló

Giacomuzzi-Mo-

ore, CBE JU Executive Director ad interim

Natac specializes in producing sustainable plant extracts with proven health benefits. Their expert team conducts thorough research and development to deliver high-performance, top-quality solutions across diverse industries. The company’s sustainable business model involves establishing and maintaining relationships with farmers, large food companies, and other stakeholders, and this enables the company to offer ingredients from different regions that are extracted with innovative technologies. The integration of a variety of processes, technologies and equipment in unparalleled synergy allows us to control the cycle from farmer to finished product.

https://natacgroup.com

T. +34 918 276 470

The members of the consortium had the chance to visit Natac’s biorefinery in Hervás (Spain), epicentre of the project.

Products with cannabisauthenticity, validation and quality assurance

The Association for the Cannabinoid Industry (ACI) and the Centre for Medicinal Cannabis (CMC) have teamed up with Chem ID Ltd to revolutionize the UK’s legal cannabis industry's commitment to product authenticity, validation, and quality assurance.

The Association for the Cannabinoid Industry (ACI) and the Centre for Medicinal Cannabis (CMC) are delighted to announce a strategic partnership with Chem ID Ltd, a leading provider of chemical data standardization, validation, and traceability solutions. This collaboration will enable ACI and CMC’s members to enhance their commitment to product authenticity, validation, and quality assurance within the commercial cannabis extract and medical cannabis markets in the UK and Europe.

Chem ID's cloud-based data platform offers a comprehensive solution that ensures the integrity and security of chemical data. By utilizing Chem ID's technology, ACI and CMC members will have the means to guarantee the authenticity and quality of their respective products, promoting consumer, retailer, regulator, patient and prescribers trust and confidence in the rapidly growing cannabis industry.

"Partnering with Chem ID allows us to take a significant step forward in ensuring the supply chain transparency and reliability of CBD products," said

Dr Parveen Bhatarah, Regulatory and Compliance Associate, ACI. "By leveraging Chem ID's cutting-edge technology, we can provide our members with the tools necessary to meet regulatory requirements and drive the growth of the legal cannabis extract market."

The Centre for Medicinal Cannabis has played a vital role in advocating for positive reform within the UK’s nascent medical cannabis industry. "At CMC, we are constantly striving to advance the standards and regulations surrounding medical cannabis," stated Professor Trevor Jones, Chief Scientific Advisor, CMC. "Through our partnership with Chem ID, we aim to further solidify our commitment to ensuring product integrity and quality for the benefit of patients who are prescribed CBPMs [cannabis-based products for medicinal use]."

Chem ID's hardware-agnostic approach empowers various stakeholders in the cannabis industry, including brand owners, analytical labs, processors, contract manufacturers, farmers, distributors, logis-

Darmell Expert in the nutritional supplements field

tical providers, and regulators. The cloud-based platform offers a centralized hub for chemical data, facilitating standardized and secure communication across the supply chain.

"Chem ID is proud to collaborate with ACI and CMC in their mission to provide reliable cannabis products," said Alex Andrawes, CEO of Chem ID. “Our solution is backed by a decade of extensive involvement within the cannabis testing ecosystem. This experience allows us to offer unparalleled expertise in regulatory and commercial aspects, understanding what truly works and what doesn't work. Chem ID has built chemical data management solutions that carry the industry forward into maturity by leveraging powerful AI tools to improve product development, process flow, risk reduction, improving cost efficiencies and future proofing. The outcome is a transparent industry with a strong emphasis on public safety via truth-in-labeling, thereby building consumer confidence and trust.”

This partnership will open doors for ACI and CMC members to confidently expand market access and business growth opportunities.

The Association for the Cannabinoid Industry (ACI) is a membership organization dedicated to nurturing a safe, legal, and thriving commercial cannabis extract market in the UK and Europe. ACI members represent a diverse range of businesses committed to upholding the highest standards of quality and safety in the industry.

https://theaci.co.uk/

The Centre for Medicinal Cannabis is a leading organization at the forefront of medical cannabis research, advocacy, and policy reform. CMC utilizes its expertise and network to drive positive change, ensuring patient access to safe and effective medicinal cannabis products.

https://thecmcuk.org/

Chem ID Ltd provides cutting-edge solutions for chemical data standardization, validation, traceability, and securitization. Their cloud-based data platform serves as a central hub for chemical information, empowering stakeholders across the cannabis industry to maximize profit potential while meeting regulatory requirements.

https://www.chemid.com/

Aholistic approach to health has always been our first choice when it comes to ways to support it. Nutritional supplements are an extremely important factor that can contribute to maintaining optimal health and are a good ally in the fight against various health disorders.

That is why professional path of Darmell is focused on developing new nutritional supplements and informing interested industry workers about ingredients, evidence of effectiveness, news, regulation and other relevant information in the field.

By combining many years of business experience, continuous acquisition of knowledge and cultivating business acquaintances, we are able to provide a variety of services.

Services we offer:

• Consulting in the elaboration of ideas and concepts for the development of new products - from the selection of ingredients to the launch of the finished product, with the help of finding the appropriate manufacturer of medicinal forms.

• Consulting related to the registration of dietary supplements.

• Writing content for various purposes, in the field of dietary supplements and functional foods, related to individual ingredients and finished products.

• Help in finding a suitable distributor for finished products.

We also actively deal with:

• Representing renowned companies producing branded ingredients/raw materials for nutritional supplements.

• Publishing professional publications in the field of nutritional supplements, functional food and cosmetics.

Darmell Ltd.

20+ years of experience in developing new concepts for food supplements

Mob: + 385 91 68 12 444 darmell@protonmail.com www.dar-mell.com

Vitafoods Europe 2023

Informa Markets is pleased to announce the success of the biggest edition of Vitafoods Europe 2023 in its 26-year history. Covering an impressive 25,000 square meters of exhibition space, the event welcomed 18,854 nutraceutical professionals from 162 countries to Geneva’s Palexpo (9-11 May) and online (1-12 May), to experience a host of inspiring, expert-led content diving into the latest ingredient innovations, consumer trends and key market insights. Supported by a new event app and online platform, the tech-enhanced event facilitated successful networking through its unique data-driven matchmaking service and dedicated in-person networking receptions.

Vitafoods Europe 2023 saw over 1,060 global exhibitors from across the industry converge. Companies exhibiting for the first time included NaturaYuva, Nomi Biotech, Chr. Olesen and Bee Health, while returning exhibitors included Lonza, Gnosis by Lesaffre, IMCD Group, Zuccari, Intermed, DSM and Arla.

Exclusive premium insights

This year’s event also offered brand new premium content, with many sessions at maximum capacity. The Vitafoods Europe debut of the Future of Nutrition Summit (8 May) brought together C-suite nutrition leaders to discuss the future of the industry and network. Highlights included Unilever presenting the evolving science behind personalised supplementation and Danone on translating trends into

business strategies. Meanwhile the Vitafoods Europe Conference (9-10 May) returned in a new format and location on the show floor, spotlighting innovation opportunities and ways to overcome common industry challenges. Speakers included Nestlé exploring nutritional recommendations for preventive health and ways to optimise maternal health. Delegates reported sessions sparking inspiring conversations and highlighted the value of face-to-face connection over crucial issues. Guru Ramanathan, Managing Director of Dutch Medical Food, said of the Summit, “To have a session dedicated to the future of nutrition is phenomenal. I wish more of my colleagues were here – this is the place to be!”

Stepping up on sustainability

As the leading media company in the global Dow Jones Sustainability World Index, Informa Markets is committed to making its events more sustainable. In addition to powering the event with renewable energy and facilitating the use of recycled materials through its Better Stands Initiative, Vitafoods Europe 2023 featured the new Sustainability Resource Centre, a zone dedicated to driving sustainable change in nutrition. Visitors benefitted from expert presentations and educational content on the full spectrum of sustainability issues across the supply chain, as well as lively networking events held by Women in Nutraceuticals and The Naturally Proud Network, showing vital support for these two important industry areas.

This year’s show marked the biggest Vitafoods Europe to date – featuring new content, visitor favourites, a range of networking opportunities and a special focus on sustainability.

Plus, as part of Informa Markets’ ongoing commitment to sustainability, Vitafoods Europe 2023 saw the launch of its new partnership with leading international civil society organisation Solidaridad. The partnership aims to raise awareness of Solidaridad’s work in creating sustainable supply chains, facilitate knowledge-sharing and collaboration across nutrition and food, and help brands source ingredients ethically while meeting calls for enhanced transparency. To mark the launch of the collaboration, Solidaridad hosted a presentation and panel discussion, and exhibited at the inaugural Sustainability Resource Centre.

The world’s nutraceutical event

Andy Mather, Brand Director of Vitafoods Europe at Informa Markets, commented, “As the world’s leading nutraceutical event, Vitafoods Europe has a vital role in driving the industry forward. With the addition of the new Future of Nutrition Summit and the return of the Vitafoods Europe Conference for 2023, we successfully brought some of the brightest minds our industry has to offer together to inspire the innovation that will shape both today and tomorrow. We also take our responsibility to the planet very seriously. So, by spotlighting sustainability at our newest resource centre, we’re helping pave the way to a greener future. The response to these event evolutions and additions has already been phenomenal, and we hope that attendees have left us feeling inspired and filled with ideas for their business’ - and the industry’s - next step.”

Mather adds: “As Brand Director for Vitafoods Europe, it’s clear to me how beloved this event is. It’s been fantastic to see Palexpo come to life with a vibrant atmosphere as the nutraceutical community, both new and well-established, comes together to learn, network, and do business – there’s no place quite like it. A massive thank you to our visitors, speakers, exhibitors, on-site team and all of the people who make Vitafoods Europe what it is – we look forward to seeing everyone again at our upcoming 2023 events at Vitafoods Asia or Vitafoods Insights online!”

www.vitafoods.eu.com

B2B events calendar

An overview of the B2B live events during 2023

7­8 September 2023, Stockholm, Sweden

https://www.hudochkosmetikmassan.se/

7­10 September 2023, Bologna, Italy

https://www.sana.it

27­29 September 2023, Istanbul, Turkey

https://beauty-istanbul.com/

27 September 2023, Dusseldorf, Germany

https://www.expopharm.de/messe/apotheken/ event.php

9­11 October 2023, Amsterdam, Netherlands

https://www.activenutritionsummit.com

16­17 October, Birmingham, United Kingdom

https://www.thepharmacyshow.co.uk/

22­24 October 2023, Paris, France

https://natexpo.com

24­26 October 2023, Barcelona, Spain

https://www.cphi.com/europe/

15­16 November 2023, Malmo, Sweden

https://www.nordicorganicexpo.com/

28­30 November 2023, Frankfurt, Germany

https://www.figlobal.com

medicinal plants photo herbarium

Rosemary

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers native to the Mediterranean region.

Rosemary is a plant with a fascinating history associated with many interesting facts. The name rosemary itself comes from the Latin "ros marinus", which means "sea dew".

It is an evergreen shrub belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The branches are woody, strongly branched, erect or ascending, and grow up to 2 m tall. The leaves are opposite on the branches, they are stalkless, oblong and narrow, 2-3 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, twisted on the edge, leathery, dark green and smooth on the front and glandular hairy and grayish white on the back. The flowers are small, light blue, purple, blue or white and grow in spikes on small stalks in the axils of the upper leaves. There are two stamens that protrude from the flower. They usually bloom in spring and autumn. he fruit is a calla that splits into two brown nuts (calla). The whole plant has a strong and aromatic smell3

Rosemary originates from the Mediterranean region and is native to the Mediterranean scrub. Today it is grown all over the world, often as an ornamental plant.

It has many uses: as a natural preservative in the food industry, as a spice, as an ornamental plant and for medicinal purposes. It is also used for the production of perfumes. Rosemary has a flavor that is often described as pine-like. Some describe it as pungent, lemony or bitter.

The plant has been praised for its medicinal properties since ancient times. Rosemary is traditionally used to relieve muscle pain, improve memory, strengthen the immune system and circulation, and stimulate hair growth.

Use for medicinal purposes

Fresh or dried leaves collected during flowering or after flowering (rosmarini folium) are used. The dried leaves contain 1-2% volatile oil. The distillation of the leaves produces rosemary essential oil, also known as rosmarini aetheroleum , which is used externally on the skin

Ingredients

• caffeic acid

• carnosic acid

chlorogenic acid

• oleanolic acid

• rosmarinic acid

• ursolic acid

• flavonoids

• alpha- and beta-pinene, camphor, carnosol, eucalyptol, rosmanol, eugenol, luteolin5

Action and application

The most important ingredients of rosemary are caffeic acid and its derivatives such as rosmarinic acid. These compounds have an antioxidant effect.

Rosmarinic acid is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and skin.

It has been concluded that rosemary and its constituents, especially derivatives of caffeic acid like rosmarinic acid, have therapeutic potential in the treatment or prevention of bronchial asthma, spasmogenic disorders, peptic ulcer, inflammatory diseases, hepatotoxicity, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, cataracts, cancer and impaired sperm motility7 .

Nowadays, rosemary is officially used for circulatory disorders and gastrointestinal disorders5

The antifungal and pesticide effects of rosemary essential oil are widely researched.

Rosemary essential oil should not be taken orally. It is not recommended for pregnant women and children under 12 years old to take any preparations containing rosemary due to the lack of relevant data.

Rosemary is a plant that, despite its centuries-old use, has not yet reached its full potential for utilization.

References:

1 https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/

2 Flora Croatica database, hirc.botanic.hr.

3 Izvor: https://www.plantea.com.hr/ruzmarin

4 Moss M, Oliver L. Plasma 1,8-cineole correlates with cognitive performance following exposure to rosemary essential oil aroma. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2012;2(3):103-113. doi:10.1177/2045125312436573

5 de Oliveira JR, Camargo SEA, de Oliveira LD. Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) as therapeutic and prophylactic agent. J Biomed Sci. 2019;26(1):5. Published 2019 Jan 9. doi:10.1186/ s12929-019-0499-8

6 https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-monograph/ draft-european-union-herbal-monograph-rosmarinus-officinalis-l-folium-revision-1_en.pdf

7 al-Sereiti MR, Abu-Amer KM, Sen P. Pharmacology of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.) and its therapeutic potentials. Indian J Exp Biol. 1999;37(2):124-13

TAXONOMY

kingdom: Plantae

order: Lamiales

family: Lamiaceae

genus: Rosmarinus

species: Rosmarinus officinalis

common name Anthos, Polar Plant, Compass Plant, Dew of the Sea, Garden Rosemary, Incensier, Mary's Mantle2

flowering time

I - XII month