INGLÉS II

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE COAHUILA INSTITUTO DE ENSEÑANZA ABIERTA UNIDAD SALTILLO

INGLES II

Módulo 12 Plan 980

Autores: M.C. JUANA MARÍA MARTÍNEZ CÁRDENAS ING. ERNESTO MEDINA RAMÍREZ

SALTILLO, COAHUILA JUNIO 2022.

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

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Índice Contents PRESENTACIÓN DEL MÓDULO. ............................................................................................. 3 EL PROPÓSITO DEL MÓDULO ................................................................................................ 4 ¿Cómo será mi evaluación? ..................................................................................................... 5 UNIDAD I DESCRIBING AND COMPARING ........................................................................... 6 1. Adjective order ........................................................................................................................ 8 1.1 Personality adjectives ......................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Appearance adjectives ...................................................................................................... 12 1.3 Descriptive adjectives ....................................................................................................... 18 2. Comparative adjectives ....................................................................................................... 19 2.1 Comparisions: as (adjective) as… ................................................................................. 23 3. Superlative Adjectives ......................................................................................................... 25 3.1 Very and really ..................................................................................................................... 29 AUTOEVALUACIÓN .................................................................................................................. 32 UNIDAD II TALKING ABOUT THE PAST USING REGULAR VERBS ............................. 35 1. Simple Past To Be. ................................................................................................................ 36 2. Time phrases.......................................................................................................................... 42 3. Simple past affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences: regular verbs. . 44 Simple past: Wh questions. .................................................................................................... 49 AUTOEVALUACIÓN. ................................................................................................................. 55 PROYECTO.................................................................................................................................. 58 UNIDAD III INSTRUCTIONS, RULES AND MORE .............................................................. 61

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1. Simple past: affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences: irregular verbs. ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 2. Imperatives ............................................................................................................................. 68 3. Health vocabulary ................................................................................................................. 71 4. Should / shouldn’t................................................................................................................. 77 5. Necessity and prohibition Must / mustn’t ...................................................................... 80 6. Can / can’t ............................................................................................................................... 83 7. Obligation and absence of obligation: have to / don’t have to. Offers of help and possibility: may, can. ................................................................................................................ 86 AUTOEVALUACIÓN .................................................................................................................. 91 UNIDAD IV PLANS AND PREDICTIONS ............................................................................... 97 1. Future: Going to .................................................................................................................... 99 2. Time phrases ........................................................................................................................ 102 3. Future Will / won’t ............................................................................................................... 110 4. Fortune - telling ................................................................................................................... 115 5. Will vs Going to. .................................................................................................................. 118 AUTOEVALUACIÓN ................................................................................................................ 121 PROYECTO................................................................................................................................ 126 VERBOS REGULARES. .......................................................................................................... 128 VERBOS IRREGULARES. ...................................................................................................... 129 Bibliografía ................................................................................................................................ 130

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PRESENTACIÓN DEL MÓDULO.

Bienvenido a la materia de Inglés II, Módulo 12. Te presentamos el libro el cual refiere al manejo de estructuras básicas del idioma, que te permitirán comunicarte de una manera oral y escrita en una segunda lengua. Para nuestro Instituto, por pertenecer a un sistema abierto, es importante que cuentes con un apoyo para que puedas concluir con éxito tu materia de Inglés.

El libro tiene como objetivo ser una herramienta didáctica para que desarrolles los aprendizajes esperados contenidos en el programa 980, para la adquisición de una segunda lengua. Este módulo propone una serie de estrategias, que van desde las lúdicas hasta las cognoscitivas, mismas que impulsan las actividades de aprendizaje desde los niveles de aplicación hasta la creación.

El presente texto de Ingles II, Módulo 12, que hoy servirá de apoyo para tu aprendizaje, está basado en el Modelo Educativo del Bachillerato de la UAdeC que asume como parte de sus principios filosóficos el Humanismo y el Constructivismo, el primero considera al estudiante como el centro de su razón de ser, que se forma y se transforma respetando 3

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los valores y la dignidad humana (Guadarrama, 1977) y el segundo, considera el aprendizaje significativo por descubrimiento donde se relaciona la información nueva con la ya existente en interacción con el medio. Bajo estos principios se asume un enfoque educativo centrado en el aprendizaje y en la formación integral de los estudiantes que retoma los cuatro pilares de la educación propuestos por la UNESCO (Delors, 1997): Aprender a Conocer, Aprender a Hacer, Aprender a Vivir Juntos y Aprender a Ser; mismas que son la base para que con el sustento pedagógico apropiado permitirán el desarrollo de las Habilidades y Competencias del siglo XXI (Binkley, 2012): Maneras de Pensar (creatividad e innovación, pensamiento crítico, resolución de problemas, toma de decisión,

aprender

a

aprender,

metacognición),

Herramientas

para

Trabajar

(alfabetización digital, alfabetización informacional), Maneras de Trabajar (comunicación, colaboración) y Maneras de Vivir en el Mundo (ciudadanía local y global, vida y carrera, responsabilidad social y personal).

EL PROPÓSITO DEL MÓDULO

El estudiante utiliza la gramática del tiempo Pasado Simple, pasado del verbo To Be, el futuro con Will y Going to, adjetivos comparativos y superlativos modales y los imperativos para comunicarse de manera oral y escrita en un lenguaje básico en diferentes contextos de la vida cotidiana.

Estructura de la asignatura

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Inglés II

MÓDULO 12 Describing and Comparing

UNIDAD I

Talking About the Past Using Regular Verbs

UNIDAD II

Instructions, Rules, and More

UNIDAD III

Plans and Predictions

UNIDAD IV

La materia de Inglés II está formada por cuatro unidades, cada unidad contiene la explicación de los puntos gramaticales incluidos en el texto, en español, además se presentan los aprendizajes esperados. En ésta encontrarás también los proyectos a desarrollar, los cuales son requisito para la presentación de cada uno de los exámenes Se te presenta además una autoevaluación al final de cada unidad, para que practiques antes de presentar tu examen. Además, en cada unidad se te presentan los ejercicios que tendrás que incluir en el portafolio de evidencias, mismo que tendrás que entregar a tu asesor para su evaluación y después en el Departamento de Evaluación antes de presentar tu examen.

¿Cómo será mi evaluación?

La evaluación total de tu aprendizaje estará determinada por los siguientes elementos: 1.

Evaluación de habilidades, la cual se llevará a cabo a partir del Portafolio de evidencias, conformado por las actividades de aprendizaje que se te solicitan en 5

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el texto y que demuestran tus logros alcanzados; será revisado y calificado por tu asesor. Incluirá una portada, buena presentación, ortografía y limpieza y tendrá que estar completo. Valor máximo:16 puntos 2.

Evaluación de actitudes y valores: Es el puntaje asignado por el asesor ante las actitudes y valores que has mostrado como: respeto y responsabilidad al planear y organizar tus actividades, así como la ortografía y limpieza al realizarlas.

Valor máximo: 4 puntos

3.

Evaluación de conocimientos: Corresponde al puntaje obtenido al presentar cada uno de los dos exámenes del Módulo, el cual se presenta en el departamento de Evaluación y se realizará de la siguiente manera: 1.

Primer examen: Comprende los contenidos de las Unidades 1 y 2.

Valor máximo: 20 puntos.

2.

Segundo examen: Comprende los contenidos de las Unidades 3 y 4.

Valor máximo: 20 puntos

4.

Examen Institucional: El cual tendrás que presentar al terminar tu examen de la segunda parte, para poder acreditar tu materia de INGLÉS II, sin este examen no podrás aprobar la materia. El valor de este examen institucional es de 20 puntos.

UNIDAD I DESCRIBING AND COMPARING

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UNIDAD I DESCRIBING AND COMPARING

Propósito de la unidad: U lizar los adje vos compara vos y superla vos para describir y comparar objetos, personas y lugares, así como ac vidades de empo libre.

APRENDIZAJES ESPERADOS

El estudiante: 1.

2.

3.

Muestra un comportamiento que refleja la prác ca de los valores ins tucionales y en la interacción con su maestro y sus pares al realizar las diferentes ac vidades de la unidad.

U liza adje vos de orden para describir y comparar objetos, personas y lugares, así como también, el vocabulario relacionado con la personalidad y la apariencia sica.

U liza adje vos compara vos para describir y contrastar objetos, personas y

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1. Adjective order

En muchos idiomas, los adje vos se u lizan en un orden específico, en el caso del inglés el orden es el siguiente: 1. Can dad o número 2. Calidad u opinión (general o específica) 5. Forma 6. Color

3. Tamaño

4. Edad

7. Adje vo propio 8. Propósito o cualidad (nacionalidad, lugar de origen o material)

Ejemplos: I love that really big old green an que car that always parked at the end of the street.

My sister adopted a beau ful big white bulldog.

Cuando hay dos o más adje vos del mismo grupo se u liza la conjunción and: We live in the big green, white and red house at the end of the street.

My friend lost a red, black and white watch.

No se u liza coma entre un adje vo y un sustan vo.

Determiner

A The An

Quantity Quality Or number Or opinion

three

beautiful beautiful amazing

Size

Age

Shape

h ps://acortar.link/JEUBBe

Color

old little heartshaped

Proper adjetive

Purpose or qualifier

Noun

Italian

sports

car plates sofa

gold red and white

Escribe el orden en el que están los adje vos en las siguientes oraciones: 1. A wonderful old Italian clock.

2. A big square blue box.

3. A disgus ng pink plas c ornament.

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4. Some slim new French trousers.

5. An amazing new American movie.

6. I bought a pair of black leather shoes.

7. One beau ful old brick house.

8. A small black dog.

9. A new wool bu on-down sweater.

10. A small white ball.

Escribe los adje vos en paréntesis en el orden correcto: 1. A ____________ _______________ ______________ woman. (Spanish / nice / old)

h ps://acortar.link/3kZoTW

2. A ____________ _______________ ______________ table. (square / big / wooden) 3. A ____________ _______________ ______________ carpet. (Russian / yellow / rectangular) 4. A ____________ _______________ ______________ beach. (beau ful / quiet / long) 5. A ____________ _______________ ______________ car. (Italian / fast / red) 6. An ____________ _______________ ______________ girl. (cheerful / young / a rac ve) 7. A ____________ _______________ ______________ pain ng. (Spanish /modern /marvelous) 8. An ____________ _______________ ______________ book. (old /interes ng / German) 9. An ____________ _______________ ______________ watch. (golden / old / Swiss) 10. A ____________ _______________ ______________ diamond. (hexagonal / expensive / big) 1.1 Personality adjectives

Los adje vos nos ayudan a describir situaciones. Son palabras que describen Y califican cosas, personaos, animales, lugares, entre otras. Los adje vos de personalidad en inglés hablan de sus cualidades personales, nos van a servir en diferentes contextos, ya sean personales o profesionales; también podemos describir a las personas en nuestro entorno, aspectos necesarios en la comunicación.

h ps://acortar.link/wQ3Msn

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Ejemplos: He is serious. He doesn´t talk much.

We are bad-tempered.

My parents are humble. They always thank people.

I am ambi ous. I want to be rich.

He is so forge ul. He some mes even forgets his own name.

Aquí te presentamos algunos adje vos de personalidad más u lizados en inglés.

Traduce los adje vos que se te presentan en el siguiente cuadro: Self-centered reliable perfec onist reliable introverted irresponsible lazy smart polite boring brave loving

spoiled imagina ve confronta onal adventurous adaptable fun-loving enthusias c joyful gentle dull serious shy

perfec onist aggressive confident quiet friendly sociable funny cool aggressive dishonest helpful trustworthy

Completa las siguientes oraciones con los adje vos del cuadro: Talka ve

outgoing

brave

helpful

nervous

generous

s ngy

sincere

popular

clever

reserved

1. People think I am ________________. But I am not.

2. Don´t be so __________________. People may think you are cri cizing them.

3. My sister is a _______________ person.

4. I used to be __________________. But now I am ________________.

5. My nice is _________________. She will help me the cleaning tonight.

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6. Charly is a fireman. He is very ______________. His job is to fight fire.

7. Javier has the best score in the game. He’s very _____________________.

8. My grandparents are very _________________. They are always giving me presents.

9. Someone who is ______________can´t go on stage and sing. It requires having self-control.

10. I didn´t have many friends in high school. I was not ______________ at all.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con las palabras en el cuadro: Honest

1

brave kind crea ve cheerful I share everything that I have because I believe that sharing is caring.

dy generous

anxious stubborn mean

2

I worry far too much 3 about things.

I get angry a lot

4

I never give presents.

I don’t like spending money

5

7

I am truthful and I don’t cheat or steal

8

6

9 I carefully think about other people and how to help them.

I always make people feel happy because I’m pleasant and enjoyable.

bad-tempered though ul I am not afraid of Danger.

I never change my mind or consider anyone else’s reasons pr

I have a lot of imagina on and new ideas.

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10

I always behave in a caring way towards people.

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12

I’m very neat and well organized.

1. Linda’s a ______________________ person. 2. Amy’s an ______________________ person.

3. Billy’s a ______________________ person.

4. Robert’s a ______________________ person.

5. Jack’s a ______________________ person.

6. Lety’s a ______________________ person.

7. George’s an ______________________ person.

8. Sue’s a ______________________ person.

9. Paul’s a ______________________ person.

10. Jim’s a ______________________ person.

11. Kate’s a ______________________ person. 12. Tina’s a ______________________ person.

1.2 Appearance adjectives

Los adje vos de apariencia se pueden clasificar de la siguiente manera: Body curvy overweight flabby

General appearance Face handsome Freckles ugly, una rac ve Double chin Pre y, beau ful, gorgeous Crow’s feet

muscular chubby, plump Dark hair slim skinny, thin strong Age

Good-looking

Height

spot mole wrinkles Turned up nose Pointed nose Oval

Hair Blond Ginger or red Brune e (mujeres) Brown (hombres) Grey Dyed Dark highlights Straight Wavy Curly 12

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Young Middle aged elderly old Adult Teenager

Very tall Pre y tall Médium height short Fairly short dwarfs Tall

Rounded Square Long

Eyes Hazel Blue Green Brown

Frizzy Spiky fringe sideburns pigtails bun plait Pony tail dreadlocks long short Bald Rasta

Para preguntar y contestar por la apariencia de una persona podemos decir: Apariencia general Como luce: What does he look like?

Que usa:

He is a handsome boy.

He is tall with brown hair.

He´s thin.

Does he wear jeans?

Yes, he does.

Does he wear glasses?

No, he doesn’t.

Cabello

Color: What color is his hair?

Largo: How long is his hair? Tipo de Cabello:

He has light brown hair.

His hair is light brown.

How long is his hair?

It’s medium length.

It’s short black hair.

Edad How old is he?

How tall is he?

He is about 25.

He’s I meter 82.

Does he have straight hair?

Yes, he does.

Does he have curly hair?

No, he doesn’t.

Altura

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He is in her twen es.

He is middle age.

He is young.

ENGLISH II

He`s 6 feet 2.

He´s 182 cen meters.

He is five feet and two inches.

He’s quite tall.

Escribe los datos de cada persona en la imagen de acuerdo con lo que se te pide: Name

Laura

Name

Age

Age

Height

Height

Body

Body

Face

Face

Hair

Hair

Eyes

Eyes

General appearance

General appearance

Name

Mary

Name

Age

Age

Height

Height

Body

Body

Face

Face

Hair

Hair

Eyes

Eyes

General appearance

General appearance

Name

Alice

Name

Age

Age

Height

Height

Alex

Paul

Bob

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Body

Body

Face

Face

Hair

Hair

Eyes

Eyes

General appearance

General appearance

ENGLISH II

Escribe la letra que corresponde a la descripción de las siguientes personas:

2

1

3

4

5

He has got blue eyes.

She has got long black She has got long hair. has got blonde. hair. Her hair is straight.He has got a He Her hair is He curly. grey has got blue eyes. hair She has gotHeblue moustache and beard. has got gingerShe hair.has got black eyes. c He is young. a She is thin. eyes. has got glasses.

He is bald. b d

e

He has got glasses.

Escribe una F si la descripción de la persona es falsa o una V si es verdadera de acuerdo con su imagen:

1

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He has got blue eyes.

She has got blonde hair.

He has got ginger hair.

She has got black eyes.

He is fat.

She is short and fat.

His hair is short 4 She has got Brown eyes.

He has got short curly hair.

She has got long brown hair.

He has got mustache and beard.

She has got glasses.

He has got glasses.

5

3

He has got black eyes.

He has shorth black hair.

He has got brown hair.

He got green eyes.

He hasn’t got glasses.

He is slim.

His hair is short.

He hasn´t got glasses.

6

Observa la imagen y completa las oraciones de acuerdo con el nombre correcto según su descripción.

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1. _________________ has got medium length hair. She´s wearing a dark blue school uniform.

2. _________________ is fat. He has got brown eyes. He has got glasses. He is wearing a striped T-shirt.

3. _________________ has got long straight brown hair. She is wearing a flowery dress and brown shoes.

4. _________________ has got curly dark hair. He is wearing jeans and red trainers.

5. _________________ has got grey hair and green eyes. He is wearing green cardigan and brown trousers.

6. _________________ is old. She has got blue eyes. She has got glasses. She is wearing a black shirt.

7. _________________ is short. She has got short brown hair. She is wearing a pink dress.

8. _________________ is tall and thin. He is wearing a dark blue cap and an orange jacket.

9. _________________ has got dark skin and wavy dark hair. She is wearing a purple top.

10. _________________ has got spiky red hair. He has got freckles. He is wearing a checked shirt and shorts.

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11. _________________ is bald. He has got brown eyes. He is wearing a white shirt light blue sweater and brown shoes.

12. _________________ has got curly blond hair. She has got blue eyes. She is wearing a spo ed top and red shorts.

1.3 Descriptive adjectives

Los adje vos descrip vos se usan para describir sustan vos y pronombres. Ejemplos: beau ful, silly, tall, annoying, loud, nice.

Algunos adje vos descrip vos son: large

modern

green

enormous

beau ful

impressive

wealthy

busy

noisy

congested

wonderful

good

fantas c

young

Tradi onal

experimental

Escribe una oración con el adje vo descrip vo que se te proporciona: 1. Wonderful. __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Good. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Beau ful. ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. Wealthy. ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Impressive. __________________________________________________________________________ 6. Young. _____________________________________________________________________________ 18

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7. Noisy. ______________________________________________________________________________ 8. Fantas c. ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. Large. ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. Busy. ______________________________________________________________________________

2. Comparative adjectives

En inglés se u lizan los adje vos compara vos cuando se comparan dos personas o cosas. Es importante conocer las reglas que se siguen para formarlos.

Reglas para formar compara vos en inglés 1) Adje vos cortos.

Para la mayoría de los adje vos con una sílaba (adje vos cortos), añadimos la terminación “er” formar su compara vo: Ejemplos:

small Cool Cheap Fast Clear

smaller cooler cheaper faster cleaner

Excepciones: Regla:

Ejemplos:

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a) Para adje vos cortos que terminan en “-e”, Wide – wider solo agregar “r” Nice – nicer Safe - safer b) Para adje vos cortos que terminan en Fat – fa er consonante + vocal + consonante, duplicar la Thin – thinner úl ma consonante y agregar “er” big - bigger c) Para adje vos cortos que terminan en “-y”, Dry – drier cambiar la “y” por “i” y agregar terminación “er” Heavy – heavier Happy - happier Ejemplos:

That skirt is longer than this one.

My house is bigger than his.

Their dog barks louder.

Your child is smarter than other kids.

Carrots are cheaper than beetroots.

2) Adje vos largos Para muchos adje vos con 2 o más silabas, usamos la palabra “more” más el adje vo original: more + adjec ve Ejemplos:

Expensive Beau ful Generous

-

more expensive more beau ful more generous

This park isn´t more beau ful than Golden Gate Park.

She is more a rac ve You are more intelligent than other students.

The yellow car is more expensive than the blue one.

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3) Adje vos con compara vo especial Algunos adje vos enen una forma compara va especial o irregular: Adje vo en grado posi vo Adje vo compara vo

Ejemplos:

Good

Be er

Bad

Worse

Li le

Less

Far

Further / farther

My shoes are be er than yours.

The situa on is worse than it looks.

Escribe el compara vo de los siguientes adje vos: difficult

big

boring

cheap

Old

late

short

Interes ng

nice

busy

Bad

enjoyable

beau ful

good

heavy

Far

serious

thin

cold

famous

dark

Escribe oraciones con adje vos compara vos con las palabras proporcionadas: 1.

Karla / tal / _____________________________________________________________________

Annie

2.

Patricia / beau ful / _____________________________________________________________

Andrea

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3.

A / train / fast / a ________________________________________________________________

bicycle

4.

I / happy / ________________________________________________________________________

you

5.

New cars / good / ______________________________________________________________

old

cars

6.

Colombia / large / Costa ____________________________________________________________

Rica

7.

Rainy days / bad / ____________________________________________________________

sunny

days

8.

Elephants / big / __________________________________________________________________

dogs

9.

Art / interes ng / _______________________________________________________________

fashion

10.

Carl / funny / _________________________________________________________________

Andrew

Completa las oraciones con compara vos con el adje vo proporcionado.

1. Moscow is _________________________________ Madrid. (cold) 2. Cars are ___________________________________ bicyckes. (cheap) 3. Cats are ____________________________ mice. (fast) 4. Skydiving is ________________________________ most sports. (dangerous) 5. Salads are _______________________________ fried food. (healthy) 6. A good advice could be _________________________________ money. (useful) 7. Anne is ____________________________________________Mary. (young) 8. My car is _____________________________________ yours. (cheap) 9. A dog is ______________________________________ a cat. (heavy) 22

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10. Pam is _______________________________________ Jennifer. (pre y) 2.1 Comparisions: as (adjective) as…

Si se considera que dos sustan vos son equivalentes en sus caracterís cas se u liza la estructura: As + adje vo en grado posi vo + as (tan… como) Ejemplos: Mary.

I think zebras are as fast as horses.

Thim is as intelligent as

I ran as fast as I could when I saw the mouse in the kitchen.

My dog is as intelligent as my cat.

Los compara vos de igualdad los podemos usar en forma nega va: not + as + adje vo en grado posi vo + as (no es tan… como) Peter is not as funny as Roberto George is not as fast as Luisa Selecciona un adje vo del cuadro para cada oración y u liza as… as Bright

tall

yellow

old

heavy

fast

big

1. That clock is _________________________________ my grandmother.

2. The elephant is _________________________________ that truck.

3. Bananas are _________________________________ corn.

4. The light shines _________________________________ as the sun.

5. The school bus is _________________________________ a rock.

6. The cheetah runs _________________________________ the impala.

7. Roberto is _________________________________ John.

Construye oraciones compara vas de igualdad u lizando las palabras proporcionadas: 23

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1.

My bedroom is / big yours_____________________________________________________________ 2.

You / work / not / ____________________________________________________________

/

you

should

3.

I have / brothers / ________________________________________________________________ 4.

She has been pa ent for / ___________________________________________________

long

/

5.

He doesn’t listen / music ___________________________________________________________ 6.

My father / reads / books ____________________________________________________

Mary

/

/

she

can

I

do

my

mother

7.

Are you / Young / _________________________________________________________________ 8.

This restaurant is / good / _________________________________________________

any

in

me? the

9.

He isn’t / smart / ___________________________________________________________

people

10.

I found / informa on / I _______________________________________________

in

needed

world think

this

book

Completa las oraciones con adje vos compara vos de igualdad con la información proporcionada: 1. John is 1 meter 80 cms tall. Dave is 1 meter 80 cms tall. (is/tall) John _____________________________________________ Dave.

2. Seville is 40ºC in summer. Cordova is 40ºC in summer. (is/hot) Seville _____________________________________________ Cordova.

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Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

3. John is not very clever. Mary is cleverer. (is/clever) John _____________________________________________ Mary.

4. The blue car is not expensive. The red car is more expensive. (is/expensive) The blue car _____________________________________________ the red car.

5. Mrs. Jones talks very quietly. Mrs. Smith talks more loudly. (talk/loudly) Mrs. Jones _____________________________________________ Mrs. Smith.

6. The brown house is 100 years old. The green house is 100 years old. (is/old) The brown house _____________________________________________ the green house.

7. Steve did not do well in the English test. Melissa did be er in the English test. (do/well) Steve _____________________________________________ Melissa.

8. The impala runs 90km per hour. The cheetah runs 120km per hour. (run/fast) The impala _____________________________________________ the cheetah.

9. The first exam was difficult. The second exam was difficult too. (was/difficult) The first exam _____________________________________________ the second exam.

10. Ciudad Real is not very beau ful. Seville is more beau ful. (is/beau ful) Ciudad Real _____________________________________________ Seville.

3. Superlative Adjectives

El obje vo de las oraciones con adje vos superla vos es expresar cuando algo ene una caracterís ca insuperable y que lo hace destacar del resto. Expresa un grado de superioridad entre más de dos sustan vos que se encuentran en el mismo enunciado.

1) Adje vos cortos Para construir adje vos superla vos cortos se añade el sufijo “-est”: 25

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Long – longest

high – highest

ENGLISH II

nice – nicest

Ejemplo: The Teide is the highest mountain in the country.

En el caso de los superla vos, siempre debemos poner el ar culo “the” delante del adje vo.

The longest

the highest

the nicest

Cuando el adje vo es corto y termina en una consonante precedida por una vocal, la consonante se duplica (si la consonante ya es doble no se cambia).

Hot – ho est

tal – tallest

big – biggest

Ejemplo: It was the ho est topic at the mee ng.

En adje vos cortos acabados en “y”, el final de la palabra se transforma en “iest” Funny – funniest

ny – niest

Ejemplo: Santa Claus is known as the merriest person.

2) Adje vos largos Para los adje vos largos añadimos “the most” delante del adje vo en forma simple: Beau ful – the most beau ful uncomfortable

expensive – the most expensive uncomfortable – the most

Ejemplo:

It was the most beau ful day of my life,

3) Adje vos especiales Como en los adje vos compara vos en los superla vos también algunos adje vos enen una forma superla va especial o irregular: Adje vo en grado posi vo Adje vo superla vo Good

Best

Bad

Worst

Li le

Least

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Far

Ejemplos: day ever.

That was the best game of all.

ENGLISH II

Furthest / farthest

The day I got fired from my job was the worst

This is the least expensive perfume in the store.

Claire’s house was the farthest from the site.

Para dis nguir el uso del compara vo y superla vo necesitamos saber que: 1.

Usamos adje vos posi vos, cuando hablamos o describimos un sustan vo (una persona, cosa, acción o grupo con otra persona, cosa) etc.

2.

3.

Usamos compara vos, cuando comparamos entre dos sustan vos (una persona, cosa, acción o grupo con otra persona, cosa) etc.

Usamos superla vos, para comparar entre más de dos sustan vos (una persona, cosa, etc. con el grupo entero al que él, ella, una cosa o animal, pertenece)

Completa con los adje vos en su forma superla va: 1. The Amazon is __________________________________ river in the world. (long) 2. Mount Everest is ________________________________ mountain in the world. (high) 3. Mars is __________________________________ planet from Earth. (close) 4. What is the __________________________________planet from Earth? (distant) 5. Is Canada ____________________________ country in the world? (big) 6. English is ________________________________ language in the world. (interna onal) 7. What is __________________________________ route from England to India? (easy) 8. Brazil is _____________________________________ country in South America. (large) 9. Hawaii is ________________________________________ island in the world (beau ful) 10. The Va can is ___________________________________ country in the world. (small) 11. __________________________ volcano in Mexico is The Popocatepetl (high) 27

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ENGLISH II

12. __________________________ city in Mexico is Acapulco (hot) 13. __________________________ city in the world is Paris (beau ful) 14. __________________________ language in the world is English (popular) 15. __________________________ island in the world is Greenlander (large) Completa las siguientes oraciones u lizando el adje vo en su grado superla vo: 1. Sal llo and Torreon are____________________________ci es in Coahuila. (large) 2. The Bravo River is ______________river in Mexico. (important) 3. The highway from Mexico City to Toluca is ______in the world. (expensive) 4. Chihuahua is __________________ state in Mexico. (cold) 5. Climbing mountains is one of __________ sports to prac ce. (dangerous) 6. El Va can is _________country in the world. (small) 7. The Caribbean beaches are _________ beaches in the world. (beau ful) 8. Hong Kong is _______place in the world. (expensive) Escribe el adje vo en paréntesis en su forma superla va: 1) The church is ________________________________(old) building in our town.

2) John is ________________________________ (careful) driver I know.

3) Our city is ________________________________ (polluted) in Spain.

4) That film was ________________________________ (good) I've seen.

5) This chair is ________________________________ (comfortable) in the house.

6) Helen is ________________________________ (beau ful) girl in our class.

7) Today was ________________________________ ( ring) day of my life.

8) Luke is ________________________________ (lucky) person I know.

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ENGLISH II

9) Ecija is ________________________________ (hot) town in Spain.

10) Einstein was ________________________________ (clever) man of the twen eth century.

3.1 Very and really

Estas dos palabras tienen mucho en común, ambas son adverbios, tiene definiciones similares, y las podemos usar para enfatizar, para intensificar lo que estamos diciendo.

Aunque tienen mucho en común no siempre podemos usarlas indistintamente.

Very es un adverbio que se puede traducir como “muy” Really es un adverbio que también se puede traducir como “muy” Veamos algunos usos: VERY

REALLY

Adverbio

Adverbio

1. Extremadamente

1. Extremadamente

a. Muy

a. Muy

He is very clever and very handsome too.

I had a really good me with you last weekend. b. De verdad Tana French’s books are really good. You should read them.

2. Absolutamente

2. Verdaderamente

a. Muy

a. De verdad

We will have it ready at the very earliest on Friday.

You are right; he really does look a lot like Humphrey Bogart.

3. Como respuesta breve

b. Realmente

a. Muy

It really was unexpected.

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ENGLISH II

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Is she rich? Very.

c. En verdad I really don’t know what you are talking about.

Adje vo

Interjección

4. Exacto

3. Expresa sorpresa

a. Mismo

a. De verdad

That very day we bought the house.

You are going to have another slice of pizza?

Really?

5. Extremo

b. En serio

a. Justo You will find it at the very end of the corridor.

You got into Harvard? Really? Congratula ons!

b. Mero It is in the very middle of nowhere.

Really y very como adverbios son usados para describir adje vos, verbos u otros adverbios: Really She thought the Project was really interes ng. (adje vo) He was driving really slowly. (adverbio) I really enjoy my job. (verbo) Very Es usado para describir adje vos y adverbios, pero no verbos: She thought the Project was very interes ng. (adje vo) (adverbio)

He was driving very slowly.

Si estás hablando acerca de una acción evita usar very. Después de un pronombre no podemos usar very, usamos really.

I really like it.

They really want to finish early.

Tony really enjoys his job.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con really, very, o escribe both si pueden quedar las dos: 30

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ENGLISH II

1. I __________________ enjoy learning about different selling techniques.

2. How beneficial is it to have a _________________ strict manager?

3. She is __________________ good at coding.

4. He had to wait until the __________________ end to bring up the topic.

5. We __________________ want this company to thrive.

6. I __________________ enjoy networking events.

7. I don’t __________________ like meetings so much.

8. I find some tasks __________________ boring.

9. They sat at the __________________ back of the truck.

10. I am __________________ sorry. It won’t happen again.

11. I’m super involved in distance learning at the moment. ________________?

12. She __________________ makes her work seem easy.

13. They made me feel at home from the __________________ beginning.

14. I __________________ love my job!

15. They __________________ put a lot of effort into their projects.

16. They might actually be arriving at this __________________ moment.

17. The production cost was __________________ high.

18. The salaries in the IT industry are currently __________________ high.

19. We still do not have enough women at the __________________ top.

20. Make sure employees understand their goals from the __________________ beginning.

Completa los siguientes enunciados con very o really: The party on Sunday was __________________ fantastic. The weather was __________________ wonderful. Traffic in London was __________________ good, given it was the weekend. I went with James who is a chatterbox. __________________ unbearable. But apart from this, getting to the venue was very easy and I found a place to park just in front of the main entrance. When we went inside, the place was __________________ crowded (in fact, it was __________________ full !) and I was __________________ terrified at the 31

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perspective of an evening surrounded by so many strangers but, in the end, I was __________________ lucky because one of my former high school classmates, Tonny, was there. It was __________________ interesting to catch up on all his news.

When we left, I was __________________ upset...in fact, I was __________________ shattered, but don't tell anyone about it.

AUTOEVALUACIÓN

I. Selecciona la respuesta correcta de acuerdo con el orden correcto de los adjetivos: 1. Four ___________

___________ ___________ tables.

a) wooden round small

b) small round wooden

c) small woo ___________ ___________ ___________ a) old little funny

b) little old funny

c) little funny old

d) funny little old

3. An ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ car. a) expensive brand new blue striped Italian

b) new blue expensive brand striped Italian

c) blue expensive brand new Italian striped

d) Italian new blue striped expensive brand

II. Completa las siguientes oraciones con los adjetivos de personalidad correctos: 4. I am ___________. I want to be rich. a) talkative

b) reserved

c) bad-tempered

d) ambitious

5. My parents are ___________. They always thank people. a) stingy

b) humble

c) serious

d) helpful

6. I used to be ___________, but now I am ___________.

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a) talkative / stingy

b) outgoing / forgetful / humble

c) reserved / outgoing

d) generous / charming

III. Completa las siguientes oraciones con los adjetivos de apariencia correctos: 7. How old is Cristy? a) She’s medium height.

b) She’s sixteen years old.

c) She has curly hair.

d) She has a mustache.

8. How tall is your father? a) He has straight black hair. c) He is pretty tall.

b) He is in his twenties. c) He’s handsome.

9. What does your friend look like? a) I’m twenty years old.

b) They are pretty.

c) They are tall.

d) She’s fairly short, with black hair.

IV. Completa las siguientes oraciones con adjetivos descriptivos: 10. We drank some water from _______________________ bottles. a) happy

b) large

c) dark

d)

11. We saw a _______________________ painting in the museum. a) young

b) happy

c) beautiful

d) wealthy

12. She likes the _______________________ sweater. a) green

b) noisy

c) busy

d) experimental

V. Completa las siguientes oraciones con adjetivos comparativos.

13. The rabbit runs ___________ the cat a) the fast b) the most faster

c) more fastest d) faster than

14. Which city is _________________, Aguascalientes, Saltillo or Monterrey?

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a) big b) the biggest

c) more big d) bigger

15. Living in the country is ________________________living in the city a) cheaper than b) cheapest

c) the cheap d) more cheaper

VI. Completa las siguientes oraciones con adjetivos de igualdad.

16. Canada is _______________________ Spain. a) as beautiful as

b) beautiful as

c) more beautiful

d) the most

17. The mountains are _______________________ a) high

b) as high as

c) higher

d) the highest

18. This book is _______________________ the film. a) interesting as

b) more interesting

c) the most interesting

d) as interesting as

VII. Completa las siguientes oraciones con adjetivos superlativos.

19. Cars that use fuel and electricity are ________________ cars in the world. a) the modern b) the most modern

c) more modern d) modern

20. The University of Mexico is one of _______________ universities in America. a) the oldest b) the most old

c) more older d) old

21. Italy is ____________ country in Europe a) more exciting b) the most exciting

c) exciting d) more exciting than

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ENGLISH II

VIII. Selecciona very o really según corresponda.

22. I'm ____________ excited about my new apartment because it's located in a very convenient area. a) very

b) really

23. The apartment is ____________ cheap. I don't have to spend a lot of money on rent. a) very

b) really

24. My bedroom is ____________ big. There is enough room for a pool table. a) very

b) really

UNIDAD II TALKING ABOUT THE PAST USING REGULAR VERBS

UNIDAD II TALKING ABOUT THE PAST

Propósito de la unidad: U lizar el pasado simple del verbo To Be así como el pasado simple con verbos regulares para hablar acerca de diferentes acciones que sucedieron en el pasado a través de situaciones reales.

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ENGLISH II

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APRENDIZAJES ESPERADOS

El estudiante: 5.

6.

7.

8.

Muestra un comportamiento que refleja la prác ca de los valores ins tucionales y en la interacción con su maestro y sus pares al realizar las diferentes ac vidades de la unidad.

Aplica el pasado simple del verbo To Be en eventos pasados.

U liza el pasado simple con verbos regulares.

Prac ca el vocabulario de los verbos en pasado.

1. Simple Past To Be.

PASADO DEL VERBO SER / ESTAR (TO BE).

El pasado del verbo “To Be” equivale al verbo ser o estar del español, algunas expresiones pueden corresponder a tener o hacer, es un verbo irregular. El verbo tiene dos formas, que se utilizan de acuerdo con el sujeto de que estemos hablando y son: was / were: Sujeto:

I / you / we / they

He / she / it

Verbo To Be en pasado:

Was

were

Recuerda que las formas del verbo “To Be” en presente son am, is y are; y corresponden al pasado: am, is = was, are = were.

Las oraciones con pasado del verbo “To Be” se forman de la siguiente manera: 36

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afirmativas I He She It We You They

ENGLISH II

negativas

interrogativas I I was a singer last He was not a singer Was He a singer? year.

She last year.

She was an amazing It was not a good Was It yesterday? concert. concert.

We We were late for the You were not at the Were You at the concert.

They concert last night.

They concert?

Respuestas cortas: afirmativas I Yes, She He It We Yes, You They

was.

were.

Negativas I No, She He It We No, You They

wasn’t.

weren’t.

CONTRACCIONES was not

wasn’t

were not weren’t

Palabras interrogativas con el verbo “To Be” en pasado: Where¿Dónde? What time¿A qué hora?

Who ¿Quién? How ¿Cómo, cuanto o qué tan?

Ejemplos:

How was the concert yesterday? It was great!

Who was with you at the last week concert? All my friends.

Where were you at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon?

I was at the concert.

What time was the TV show yesterday? It was at 11:00 p.m.

Contesta las siguientes preguntas:

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1.

ENGLISH II

Who is your favorite singer? ______________________________________________________________.

When was his/her last concert? ______________________________________________________________.

When were you in a concert? ______________________________________________________________.

Name 5 songs of your favorite singer: ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

2.

3.

4.

Completa las oraciones con la forma correcta del Verbo To Be en pasado: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

When ______ you born?

Why ___ your uncle in Buenos Aires last week?

What ___ your worst subject at school?

What ___ your favorites subjects at school?

John ___ a teacher, but now he is a pilot.

It ___ very cold last night.

Steve and Kylie ___ happy with their test results.

How much ___ the bill in the restaurant last night?

Our neighbors ___ very noisy this morning.

The waves at the beach ___ spectacular yesterday.

When ____ your best friend´s birthday?

It ____ very hot yesterday, was it?

After going to the gym, Krista ____ very tired.

The famous painting ____ on sale for $20 million.

There _____ no goals in the soccer match today.

Why _____ he late for work today?

The sunsets in Hawaii ___ beautiful.

That ____ a bad idea, Peter!

When ____ the last time you saw your family?

The children ___ in the park yesterday.

Marca con un  was o were, según corresponda:

Was (not) Were (not) 38

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ENGLISH II

Mary Diana Sara and Susan Rosy and John The weather I The bus You Javier and Diego Peter

Observa las siguientes imágenes, ¿dónde estaban ayer estas personas? Escribe una oración por cada imagen, recuerda usar el Verbo “To Be” en pasado:

1. Bill

2. Sara and Silvia

3. Jessica

4. Susan and Ray

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ENGLISH II

5. Ricky

6. Alejandra

7. Ben

8. The Smiths

9. Dennise

10. Lyz

11. Sandra

12. Cesar

13. Betty

14. Gloria

15. Enrique

1. Bill was at the hospital.

2. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

3. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

4. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

5. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

6. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

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ENGLISH II

7. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

8. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

9. ______________________________________________________________________ ____.

10.___________________________________________________________________ ______.

11. ______________________________________________________________________ ___.

12.___________________________________________________________________ ______.

13.___________________________________________________________________ ______.

14.___________________________________________________________________ ______.

15.___________________________________________________________________ ______.

Completa con was (not) / were (not).

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

John ____________ at the park yesterday.

Yesterday I ____________ at the Transportation Museum. There _________ any statues there, of course.

The ticket _________ expensive, it ________ only $5.

My family and I _________ downtown yesterday. The streets __________ crowded. ___________ George and Mary at the souvenir store? No, they ____________. _______ it cold yesterday? No, it __________. It _______ warm 41

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7.

8.

9.

10.

ENGLISH II

Chuck Berry _________ born in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1926. He __________ one of the stars of early rock and roll.

How __________ your vacation in Africa? It __________ a great trip.

I ________ in Nabia for about ten days.

How ______ the weather there? It _________ hot and sunny the whole time.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con la palabra interrogativa correcta: 1. _____________ was your vacation in Peru, Sandra? It was great!

2. _____________ long were you there? Two weeks.

3.. _____________ were you last weekend? At the mountains.

4. _____________ was the concert yesterday? At six o’clock.

5. _____________ was with you? My friends went with me.

2. Time phrases.

Las expresiones de tiempo para el pasado se usan para decirnos cuando pasó algo en el pasado. Algunas de las expresiones de tiempo más usadas son:

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ENGLISH II

Relaciona las frases de tiempo en ingles con su equivalente al español: 1. Ayer 2. El fin de semana pasado 3. Hoy 4. Esta mañana 5. Anoche 6. Anteayer 7. El mes pasado 8. El año pasado 9. El invierno pasado 10. La primavera pasada

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

a. This morning b. Day before yesterday c. Last night d. Last month e. Last spring f. Last year g. Last winter h. yesterday i. today j. Last weekend

Contesta las siguientes preguntas utilizando las expresiones de tiempo: When was the last time you went shopping? I went shopping three months ago.

When was the last time you…

1. Went on a date. _______________________________________________________ 2. Cleaned your room. ____________________________________________________ 3. Had a party. __________________________________________________________ 4. Lost money. __________________________________________________________ 5. Bought a CD. _________________________________________________________ 6. Danced. _____________________________________________________________ 43

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ENGLISH II

7. Played a sport. _______________________________________________________ 8. Got a present. ________________________________________________________ 9. Saw an interesting movie. _______________________________________________ 10. Studied until late at night. ______________________________________________ 11. Talked to an old friend. ________________________________________________ 12. Went to a good restaurant. _____________________________________________ 13. Wrote a letter. _______________________________________________________ 14. Watched a soccer match. ______________________________________________ 15. Went swimming. _____________________________________________________ 3. Simple past affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences: regular verbs.

Pasado Simple: verbos regulares.

En inglés existen verbos regulares e irregulares, los verbos regulares son aquellos que para formar su pasado se les agrega la terminación: “-ed”: Ejemplos:

work - worked Stay – stayed

clean – cleaned live – lived

start – started dance – danced

Si el verbo regular termina en consonante + “y” se cambia la “y” por “i” y se le agrega la “-ed”: Ejemplos:

study – studied

marry – married

Algunas veces si el verbo termina en vocal + una consonante, la consonante final se dobla: Ejemplo:

stop – stopped

En los verbos de dos o más sílabas no se dobla la consonante si no se acentúa la última sílaba.

Ejemplo:

happen – happened

Los verbos que terminan en “e” se agrega solamente la “d”.

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Ejemplos:

smile – smiled

dance - danced

Para pronunciar la “-ed” de los verbos regulares en pasado se consideran las siguientes reglas: 1.

2.

3.

Si la pronunciación de los verbos termina en “d” o “t” la “-ed” se pronuncia: como “id”.

Ejemplos: visited wanted added waited accepted Si la pronunciación de los verbos termina en “r”, “n”, “i” o “l”, la “ed” se pronuncia como “d”.

Ejemplos: discovered specified studied answered called Con el resto de las terminaciones la “ed” se pronuncia como “t”.

Ejemplos: talked worked helped arrived missed

Cambia los siguientes verbos a su forma en pasado: Want

__________ End

__________ Fascinate

__________

Start

__________ Invent

__________ Explore

__________

Study

__________ Die

__________ Permit

__________

Escribe el verbo en pasado de acuerdo con la imagen:

___________________

__________________

__________________

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ENGLISH II

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

_________________

__________________

EL PASADO SIMPLE El tiempo Pasado Simple se usa para describir eventos terminados en el pasado, es decir lo utilizamos para referirnos a situaciones y experiencias personales que ya terminaron.

Los enunciados en Pasado simple están ligados a expresiones adverbiales o de tiempo, éstas generalmente van al final del enunciado, aunque pueden encontrarse también al inicio del mismo:

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yesterday = ayer, last week / month / year = la semana/mes/año pasado, in 1989 = en 1989, three months ago = hace tres meses.

Las oraciones afirmativas se forman de la siguiente manera: Sujeto

Verbo en pasado

complemento

I

watched

a great movie on TV yesterday

John

played

Soccer last week.

My grandparents

moved

to Florida last year.

Terry

worked

in a bank in 1985.

We

played

soccer yesterday.

Las oraciones negativas se forman como sigue: Sujeto

auxiliar

negación

verbo en infinitivo (base)

complemento

Dany

did

not

have

breakfast this morning.

I

did

not

watch

TV last night.

They

did

not

drink

any coca cola last week.

We

did

not

do

much work yesterday.

Susan

did

not

get up

early yesterday.

CONTRACCIONES did not

didn’t 47

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

Las oraciones interrogativas se forman como sigue: Auxiliar

sujeto

verbo en (base)

infinitivo complemento

Did

you

finish

your homework?

Did

Mary

come

yesterday?

Did

your friends

have

a good vacation?

Did

you

see

Joe yesterday?

Did

it

rain

on Sunday?

Observa que en las oraciones afirmativas el verbo se usa igual con todas las personas, así como en las negativas e interrogativas se utiliza el auxiliar de la misma forma con todas las personas. En las oraciones interrogativas el signo solo se coloca al final.

Respuestas cortas: afirmativas

negativas

I

I

We

We

You

You

Yes, They

did.

No,

They

She

She

He

He

It

It

didn’t.

48

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Simple past: Wh questions.

Para formar oraciones con palabras interrogatives se coloca primero la palabra con wh: (who, what, where, when) y la respuesta es generalmente un enunciado afirmativo.

Palabra interrogativa

Auxiliary

sujeto

Verbo en infinitivo (base)

What

Did

Sue

Respuesta:

She went to a party.

How

Did

Respuesta:

I don’t now, I think it was terrible.

Where

Did

Respuesta:

They went to Europe.

When

Did

Respuesta:

He discovered America in 1492.

Why

Did

Respuesta:

Because I was sick yesterday.

do

the accident

your parents

Columbus

you

Who

last night?

happen?

go

on their vacation?

discover

America?

go

to see the doctor

invented

Respuesta:

complemento

the first practical telephone?

Graham Bell.

Completa con los verbos del cuadro en pasado: work

travel enlist

develope board learn require sail

educate

recive

work

Cook's early life

49

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

ENGLISH II

James Cook ____________ around to far reaches of the world reaching all seven continents during his lifetime.

He ___________ on three very lengthy journeys with two different sailing ships, encountering hardship and triumph along the way.

Cook _________ basic schooling at the village school and was then sent to work for William Sanders in the nearby fishing village of Staithes.

Cook ______________ a love and fascination for the sea, but he was not especially happy with his job amongst the hard working people of the land.

Cook's job as an apprentice ___________ him to become very familiar with the coal ships of the area and he soon ____________ the ins and outs of the colliers type ships.

He __________ hard and soon had his first voyage aboard the Whitby collier 'Freelove.' The coal ships or colliers were of sturdy construction, strong sailing abilities, and could handle a great deal of cargo and weight.

While Cook was at Whitby, he ____________ himself a great deal in navigation and mathematics.

By 1755, after nine years, and much service as ship's master, Cook left his ship and ___________ in the Royal Navy as an ordinary sailor.

He _________ the Eagle, a 60-gun ship, and was sent to the North American Coast.

James Cook ____________ his way up through the ranks quickly in the navy, eventually rising high enough to command his own survey vessel.

Completa las siguientes oraciones afirmativas con el verbo en paréntesis en pasado: 1. They ________________ (play) football yesterday.

2. Mrs. Black ________________ (visit) her parents two days ago.

3. Tony ________________ (live) in London when he was a child.

4. Sarah ________________ (like) ice cream.

5. Mr. Brown ________________ (stop) work at half past five yesterday.

6. The children ________________ (start) school yesterday morning.

7. My friends ________________ (study) at Oxford University three years ago.

8. Sally ________________ (need) an operation last month.

9. I ________________ (watch) a very good programme on TV last night.

10. We ________________ (dance) a lot at the disco last Saturday.

11. Ben and Letty ________________ (close) the shop last week.

12. My parents ________________ (travel) abroad last summer.

13. A lion ________________ (escape) from the zoo last night.

14. I ________________ (finish) my homework yesterday afternoon.

50

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

15. My little sister ________________ (drop) the glass five minutes ago.

16. The thief ________________ (grab) the old woman’s bag.

17. You ________________ (borrow) my book two days ago.

18. My brother and I ________________ (help) our mother yesterday.

19. My grandparents ________________ (stay) at home last Sunday.

20. You ________________ (walk) to school yesterday morning.

Cambia las siguientes oraciones afirmativas a interrogativas: 1. They climbed the mountain yesterday. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 2. He decided to leave his job last week. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 3. She earned a lot of money in London last year. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 4. I enjoyed the wedding on Sunday. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 5. It happened late last night. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 6. They rented a car on holiday last summer. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 7. Philo Farnsworth invented the television in 1927. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 8. We listened to the concert on the radio yesterday evening.

51

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

______________________________________________________________________ ______ 9. John and Mary worked together when they were younger. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 10. I received a nice letter from Aunt Jane this morning. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ Completa las siguientes oraciones en forma negativa o afirmativa, utilizando los verbos del cuadro: clean – die – enjoy – finish – cook – happen – live – open – play – rain – smoke – walk – start – stay – want – watch – play 1. Yesterday evening I _______________ television.

2. I _______________ my teeth three times yesterday.

3. Bernardo _______________ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening.

4. The concert last night _______________ at 7:30 and _______________ at 10:00 o´clock.

5. The accident _______________ last Sunday afternoon.

6. When I was a child, I _______________ to be a doctor.

7. Mozart _______________ from 1756 to 1791.

8. We _______________ our holiday last year. We _______________ at a very good hotel.

9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it _______________.

10. It was hot in the room, so I _______________ the window.

11. The weather was good yesterday afternoon, so we _______________ tennis.

12. William Shakespeare _______________ in 1616.

13. On Saturday I _______________ computer games with my cousins.

14. My mother _______________ dinner last night.

52

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

15. I _______________ to school because there weren’t any buses.

Cambia las siguientes oraciones a la forma negativa: 1. I studied at Concordia University, in Montreal. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. My family celebrated Thanksgiving Day last year. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. After work we went to Patty´s birthday party. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Did you like your last dancing class? ______________________________________________________________________ 5. I liked Math and Technical Drawing ten years ago. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 6. Mary spent the best three months in her life in Ireland. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 7. The boys took off the mudguards of their bicycles. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 8. We saw some beautiful flowers. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 9. They learned how to cook some traditional dishes. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 10. I studied for the English test. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ Choose the correct Wh question: When

What

Why

Where

How

Who 53

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

1.

____________did you last see a film at the cinema? Last weekend.

2.

____________did she buy? An old car.

3.

____________did the building fall down? Because it was old.

4.

____________did they live? They lived in Japan.

5.

____________did they talk? About their homework.

6.

____________did he play hockey? Last weekend.

7.

____________did they travel across Canada? By bike.

8.

____________ did you do yesterday? I went to the movies.

9.

____________ time did you wash your hair this morning? At 8:00 o’clock.

10.

____________ did you go last night? To a restaurant.

11.

____________ When did Mahatma Ghandi die? In 1948.

12.

____________ did you come to school last Monday? By bus.

13.

____________ did you visit two days ago? To my grandparents.

Write the correct Wh question to complete the sentences: When

How

Who

What

Why

1. They wanted to see Fiona. _______________did they want to see?

2. I got up at 7 o'clock. _______________time did you get up?

3. She paid $10. _______________much did she pay?

4. He didn't like the movie. _______________didn't he like the movie?

5. We had dinner. _______________ did you have for dinner?

6. The meeting finished late. _______________ time did the meeting finish?

7. I ate an apple pie. _______________ kind of pie did you eat?

8. I played tennis last week. _______________did you play tennis?

9. They wrote to Ellen. _______________did they write to?

10. I didn't eat the chicken. _______________didn't you eat the chicken?

54

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

ORDER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: 1. start / work/ time /what / did / you /yesterday? I started at two. ____________________________________________________________ 2. time /bed/ did/ to / last/ go / night/ what / he? He went at midnight. ____________________________________________________________ 3. in Italy /did/ where/ you/ stay? I stayed with some friends. ____________________________________________________________ 4. enjoy /show/ did/ they/ the? No, they didn't. They did not like it. ____________________________________________________________ 5. when /your cousin /arrive/ did? He arrived at three I believe. ____________________________________________________________ 6. do /did/ you/ what/ night/ last? I watched the news on television. ____________________________________________________________ 7. who /you/ did/ stay/ yesterday/ with? I stayed with Sara. ____________________________________________________________ 8. happened / last/ what/ month? The president resigned. ____________________________________________________________ 9. did /to/ school/ how/ come/ you/ yesterday? I came on foot as usual. ____________________________________________________________

10.

what/ breakfast/ did/ have/ for/ you? I had a coffee with cookies. ____________________________________________________________ AUTOEVALUACIÓN.

I. Simple Past Be. 55

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Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the verb To Be in the past: 1. I ____________ late yesterday. a) were b) weren’t

c) didn’t

d) was

2. ______________ she drawing? a) Was b) Did

c) Were

d) Weren’t

3. He _____________ at home yesterday, he went to school. a) was b) didn’t c) weren’t

d) were

4. She ____________ wearing a beautiful dress last Thursday. a) did b) was c) were

d) weren’t

5. _________________ the weather fine yesterday? a) Did b) Were c) Wasn’t

d) Was

6. We _______________ interested in the movie, it was boring. a) wasn’t b) weren’t c) didn’t

d) was

II. Time phrases.

Choose the appropriate time phrase: 1. I saw Maria _________________. a) next Sunday. b) soon

c) this week

d) yesterday.

2. The students took their spelling and vocabulary tests ______________. a) next month b) last Friday c) this week d) now 3. They got married _____________________. a) two years ago b) next year

c) today

d) soon

III. Pronunciation: Choose the correct pronunciation of "ed" in the following words: 56

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ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

1. We walked at the park yesterday. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

2. The students answered the questions quickly. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id

3. We waited a long time for the bus. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

IV. Simple past: regular verbs.

1. On Saturday, my friend and I _______________ to “Paseo Santa Lucia” because it was a beautiful day. a) walk b) walking c) walked d) walks 2. My sister _______________ me this weekend. a) didn’t b) calls

c) calling

d) didn’t call

3. Jaques-Yves Cousteau ___________ the French Oceanographic Campaigns. a) found b) founded c) founds d) founding 4. Steve Irwing ________ in 2009. a) die b) dies V.

c) died

d) did die

Simple past: Questions, short answers and negatives.

1. _______ you ________ the film last night? Yes, I _______. a) Did / watched / did b) Watched / did / watch c) Watch / watch / watch d) Did / watch / did 2. ________ Jenny and Omar ___________ with their father? No, they ________. a) Did / did / work c) Didn’t / worked / worked

b) Did / work / didn’t d) Didn’t / work / did

3. Javier ____________ soccer yesterday.

57

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

a) play

b) did play

c) didn’t played

4. Mary __________ her room yesterday morning. a) did not tidy b) did / tidy c) tidy not

d) did not play

d) did not tidied

5. ______ Julia and Roberto ________ to the radio last Sunday? Yes, they _____. a) Did / listened / did b) Listened / did / do c) Did / listen / did d) Do / listen / do VI. Simple past: Wh questions.

1. ________ did Robert go to work yesterday? By bicycle. a) When b) How c) Who

d) Where

2. ________ did you have lunch yesterday? In the post office. a) Where b) When c) Who

d) How

3. ________ did you have lunch with your best friend? Yesterday. a) Where b) How c) How

d) When

4. ________ did you have dinner with last night? With Alice. a) How b) Where c) What

d) Who

5. _________ time did you watch TV last night? At 8 o’clock. a) When b) What c) How

d) Where

6. What time ______ he ________ yesterday? At 8am. a) did /got up b) got/up c) get/up

d) did/get up

7. ________ did Peter have lunch with yesterday? Nobody. He ate alone. a) Where b) How c) When d) Who 8. What time did Rosy finish work yesterday? At 6.30pm. a) When b) How c) What time

d) Where

PROYECTO

58

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

El siglo XX ha sido el más trascendente en la historia del hombre, los acontecimientos polí cos, sociales y económicos se entrelazan entre sí al igual que las costumbres, la vida y el arte, ellos han determinado en el hombre de hoy una forma de vida, de pensar y de sen r diferente. Ha habido muchos eventos importantes en el siglo XX, tanto en ciencia, tecnología, deportes, cultura, etc. Muchos de ellos han mejorado la calidad de vida de las personas. Es importante conocer nuestro pasado para comprender nuestro presente, por lo que es importante conocer: “What happened in the last century?

PROYECTO I. Realiza el proyecto: “What happened in the last century?”, cuyos pasos se mencionan a continuación: 1. Selecciona al menos tres de las siguientes categorías e investiga acerca de tres diferentes eventos, importantes a lo largo del siglo: 1. ¿Qué paso en los deportes?

2. ¿Qué pasó en la cultura?

3. ¿Qué pasó en la ciencia y tecnología?

4. ¿Qué pasó en la Historia?

5. ¿Qué pasó en la política?

En México, Estados Unidos, en el mundo.

2. Investiga en por lo menos 3 diferentes páginas. Se te sugieren las siguientes además de las que tu puedas encontrar: http://www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar/sucesos001024.htm http://www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar/linea_del_tiempo1.htm http://mx.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080518135604AATEYec http://www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar/siglo20.htm http://www.infoplease.com/year/1900.html http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_important_events_happened_in_the_20th_century http://history1900s.about.com/od/famouscrimesscandals/u/events.htm 3. En cada evento tendrás que buscar, qué fue lo que pasó o en que consiste, quienes fueron los protagonistas, en que tiempo pasó, que mejoras aportó al mundo en caso de que así sea, o en su caso, perjuicios.

4. En cada uno de los eventos agrega las razones por las que los seleccionaste.

5. Escribe un reporte, en el que vas a describir los resultados de tu investigación y las cosas que hiciste para llevarla a cabo así como incluir una conclusión.

6. Realiza una presentación en Power Point para compartir los resultados con tu maestro y otros compañeros.

7. Llena el formato de rúbrica de acuerdo con tu percepción.

59

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Rúbrica para evaluar el proyecto: Tarea: SI NO Incluye las tres categorías solicitadas Incluye los tres eventos solicitados Describe cada evento Incluye los protagonistas de cada uno de los eventos Incluye fotografías en cada evento Presentación en Power Point Incluye las referencias bibliográficas

60

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

UNIDAD III INSTRUCTIONS, RULES AND MORE

UNIDAD III INSTRUCTIONS, RULES, AND MORE

Propósito de la unidad: U lizar el pasado simple con verbos irregulares impera vos y modales para establecer reglas, prohibiciones y obligaciones de forma oral y escrita.

APRENDIZAJES ESPERADOS

El estudiante: 9.

10.

11.

12.

Muestra un comportamiento que refleja la prác ca de los valores ins tucionales y en la interacción con su maestro y sus pares al realizar las diferentes ac vidades de la unidad.

U liza el pasado simple con verbos irregulares para expresar acontecimientos61 pasados.

Emplea los impera vos para dar órdenes, instrucciones y advertencias.

Aplica el vocabulario y los modales para dar instrucciones, establecer reglas y

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

1. Simple past: affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences: irregular verbs.

Los verbos irregulares son aquellos que no siguen una regla para formar su pasado: Ejemplos:

begin – began

get – got

I ate chocolate yesterday.

say – said

I went shopping yesterday.

Relaciona el verbo en presente con su forma en pasado: Present tense verbs 1. Hear ( 2. Tell ( 3. Grow ( 4. Come ( 5. Draw ( 6. Get ( 7. See ( 8. Fight ( 9. Fall ( 10. Catch ( 11. drink (

Past Tense Verbs )a) Caught )b) Saw )c) Fought )d) Heard )e) Fell )f) Grew )g) Told )h) Got )i) Drank )j) Came )k) drew

Escribe el pasado simple de los siguientes verbos: get eat pay make

Buy Know Stand Take

Leave See Go Hear 62

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

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give put think

Do tell speak

ENGLISH II

find lose cry

Selecciona la forma en pasado del verbo en cada oración y escríbela en la línea: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

I _________________ all my homework in the study hall. (do, did) She _________________ of a better way to do it. (thought, think) We never _________________ his real name. (know, knew) Anna _________________ her arm when she fell down the stairs. (broke, break) The dog _________________ a hole in the back yard. (dig, dug) Mom _________________ cupcakes for my last birthday. (make, made) When the phone _________________ it woke the baby. (rang, ring) There was gum _________________ to the bottom of my shoe. (stick, stuck) I _________________ a delicious salad yesterday. (ate, eat) Peter _________________ a lot because he lost his favorite toy. (cry, cried)

¿Quién inventó la televisión a color? electrónico.

Investiga la historia de este aparato

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 63

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.

Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work.

His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876. In retrospect, Bell considered his most famous invention an intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study.

Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. In 1888, Alexander Graham Bell became one of the founding members of the National Geographic Society.

Alexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and now has a commemorative marker at the doorstep, marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–1870) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–1867). Both of his brothers died of tuberculosis. His father was Professor Alexander Melville Bell, and his mother was Eliza Grace (née Symonds). Although he was born "Alexander", at age 10, he made a plea to his father to have a middle name like his two brothers. For his 11th birthday, his father acquiesced and allowed him to adopt the middle name "Graham", chosen out of admiration for Alexander Graham, a Canadian being treated by his father and boarder who had become a family friend. To close relatives and friends he remained "Aleck" which his father continued to call him into later life.

Complete the following: 1. Graham Bell was born in 1847.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. He spent his childhood in Canada.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. He was deaf.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. Bell was awarded the first US patent for the invention of the telephone.

True.

False.

We don't know.

64

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

5. He was one of the founding members of the National Geographic Society.

True.

False.

We don't know.

Change the following sentences into negative ones.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

I left work ______________________________________________________ We visited the Learn English web site. ________________________________ She went to the shops. ____________________________________________ I watched television. ______________________________________________ The dog barked. _________________________________________________ They flew to Toronto. _____________________________________________ I read the newspaper. _____________________________________________ Mr. Bean taught English yesterday. __________________________________ I had a bath. ____________________________________________________ I got up at 5 a.m. _________________________________________________

Change the following sentences into interrogative ones: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

I went to Australia in 1998. __________________________________________________ I swam in the sea. __________________________________________________ Peter took driver lessons. __________________________________________________ I got up early. __________________________________________________ I have an expensive car. __________________________________________________ I didn´t know the answer. __________________________________________________

Choose the correct pronunciation of "ed" in the following words: 1. We can't go swimming because the pool is covered. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

65

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

2. Tommy received a gift from his friend. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

3. Yesterday, they hiked to the top of the mountain. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

4. We played soccer last night. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

5. The car door is dented. a) "ed" sounds like d.

b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

6. Jennifer planted a tree in the garden. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

7. We hunted for her keys but could not find them. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

8. Olivia brushed her teeth before she went to bed. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

9. James rented the apartment for six months. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

10. The magician showed me a trick. a) "ed" sounds like d. b) "ed" sounds like t.

c) "ed" sounds like id. c) "ed" sounds like id.

c) "ed" sounds like id.

Rewrite the sentences in the correct order, in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences.

1.

my I days car two washed ago. (+) ___________________________________________________________________ (-) ____________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ 2. They a went week. party last to (+) ___________________________________________________________________ 66

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(-) ____________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ 3.

They bought in house 2005. their (+) ___________________________________________________________________ (-) ____________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ 4.

I night. my did homework last

(+) ___________________________________________________________________ (-) ____________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ 5. at and She nothing. stayed home did (+) ___________________________________________________________________ (-) ___________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ 6. at and She nothing. stayed home did (+) ___________________________________________________________________ (-) ____________________________________________________________________ (?) ___________________________________________________________________ Complete the following crossword with the verbs in the past: 1

2

4

3

5

6

7

8 11

9

12 13

15

10

16

14

17

67

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ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

18 19

20

21

22

23

24

Across 3. HIT 4. INVITE 8. READ 10. TAKE 11. DREAM 13. FALL 14. GIVE

16. LAUGH 18. EAT 19. ERASE 20. AIM 21. COME 23. SPEAK 24. GROW

Down 1. LEND 2. GET 3. HEAR 5. EMAIL 6. DRIVE 7. FIGHT 9. DRAW

10. TELL 12. RUN 15. STRIKE 17. DRINK 22. MAKE 23. SEE

2. Imperatives

El imperativo es el tiempo verbal en inglés usado para expresar una orden, una petición, dar instrucciones, e incluso para aconsejar a alguien.

El imperativo se forma con el verbo en infinitivo sin el “to” y sin conjugación: Close the door when you leave.

Fill in the blanks.

El uso del imperativo suele ser bastante directo y, a veces, puede sonar un poco sin educación. Por lo tanto, tenemos que prestar atención al contexto cuando se use. Si es un pedido, por ejemplo, y que no parezca grosero, se utiliza “please”.

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Turn the TV down, please.

Existen situaciones en que se encuentra el imperativo, por ejemplo: Placas de señalización: Stop Push Insert the coin Los manuales de instrucción o recetas culinarias, y si se habla de procesos que deben seguir una orden, se utilizan las palabras como: “first” “then”, “next”.

Fist, break the eggs. Then, add the flour. After that, heat the pan for two minutes.

Forma negativa: Para hacer una frase negativa en el imperativo utilizamos “do not” o “don’t” antes del verbo: Do not smoke in the house.

Don’t let the ball fall.

Selecciona los verbos del cuadro para completar el siguiente texto, recuerda que algunas oraciones pueden ser negativas: Smoke

bring eat

ask

throw

touch

take

turn off

enjoy

Welcome to the City Museum. Before we start our tour, we’d like to inform you about the rules of the museum. For safety reasons, please respect the following rules: 1. ___________________ pictures with flash.

2. ___________________ as many questions as you can.

3. Please ___________________ or drink inside the museum.

4. ___________________ your visit as much as possible.

5. ___________________ your mobile phone during your visit.

6. ___________________ the items on display as they can break.

7. ___________________ inside the museum – Cigarettes are bad for your health.

8. ___________________ garbage on the floor.

9. ___________________ umbrellas or large packages to the museum.

We hope you enjoy your visit to the City Museum. Come back soon.

Completa el siguiente ejercicio con los verbos en el cuadro: 69

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Ask

smoke

wait

forget

give

be

come go

close work

1. ___________________ a minute.

2. Do not ___________________ so hard.

3. ___________________ over here, please.

4. Do not ___________________ there.

5. ___________________ the door when you go outside.

6. Do not ___________________ so rude.

7. ___________________ your teacher 8. Do not ___________________ to tidy up your room.

9. ___________________ me your phone number so that I can call you.

10. Do not ___________________ inside the building.

Escribe las palabras en el orden correcto para formar imperativos: 1.

hands

/

your

/

wash

/

!

/

to

_________________________________________________________ 2.

lie

/

me

/

!

/

don’t

__________________________________________________________ 3.

go/

cinema

/

!

/

the

/

let’s

/

to

_____________________________________________________ 4.

TV

/

!

/

don’t

/

watch

___________________________________________________________ 5.

play

/

football

/

!

/

let’s

/

your

_________________________________________________________ 6.

clean

/

bedroom

/

!

_______________________________________________________ 7.

other

/

hit

/

don’t

/

each

/

!

_______________________________________________________ 8.

not

/

argue

/

let’s

/

____________________________________________________________ 70

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9.

toys

/

up

/

pick

/

your

/

all

/

!

______________________________________________________ 10.

down

/

sit

/

!

________________________________________________________________ 3. Health vocabulary

Enfermedades:

A cold

A headache

A cold

A backache

A cough

insomnia The flu

A sore throat

The hiccups

A stomachache

A toothache

A fever

A burn

A nosebleed

An insect bite

Sore muscles

Sore eyes 71

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An earache

Stress

Medicamentos y sus empaques.

Bottle of:

Aspirin

Cough syrup

Sleeping pills

Throat spray

Eye drops

Vitamin

A box of:

Antacid tablets

Bandages

Cold tablets

Herbal tea

In Spray (A can of): 72

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Foot spray

Insect bit spray

Sunburn spray

Troath lozenges

tissues

A package of:

Cough drops A tube of:

Anti-itch

Head cream

Hand cream

Muscle ointment Skin cream toothpaste Problemas de salud, medicamentos y remedios.

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ENFERMEDAD: A headache

A backache

Sore muscles

A stomachache A cold

A cough

The flu

Insomnia

A sore throat A fever A toothache A burn

ENGLISH II

CONSEJO: Take some aspirin.

Go to bed and rest.

See the doctor.

Get some medicine from the drugstore.

Use a heating pad on it.

Put some ointment on it.

See the doctor.

Use a heating pad on it.

Put some ointment on it.

It’s a good idea to see the doctor.

Try some antiacid.

Go to bed and rest.

Chop up some garlic and cook in chicken stock, then drink a cup every half hour.

Take some aspirin.

Go to bed and rest.

Get some medicine from the drugstore.

It’s a good idea to see the doctor.

Drink lots of liquids.

Go to bed and rest.

Take some aspirin.

Don’t drink coffee at night.

Have a regular sleeping schedule.

Don’t eat before bedtime.

Counting sheep may help.

See the doctor.

Get some medicine from the drugstore.

Don’t get out of bed.

See the doctor.

See the dentist.

Take some aspirin.

Put some ointment on it.

Put it under cold water.

Get some medicine from the drugstore.

See the doctor.

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Stress Sore eyes

ENGLISH II

See the doctor.

Rest.

Try some eye drops.

See the doctor.

Escribe oraciones usando imperativos o el modal should, ya sea en su forma afirmativa o negativa según corresponda. Usa las palabras de los cuadros:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

For a toothache…

For a sore troath…

For a burn…

For insomnia…

For a fever…

For a bad cough…

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Don’t get out of bed.

Use some skin lotion Don’t eat cold drinks.

Don’t drink coffee at night.

See the dentist.

Don’t talk too much.

1. ______________________________________________________________.

2. ______________________________________________________________.

3. ______________________________________________________________.

4. ______________________________________________________________.

5. ______________________________________________________________.

6. ______________________________________________________________.

Contesta las siguientes preguntas usando imperativos o el modal should, ya sea en su forma afirmativa o negativa según corresponda: 1. What should you do for sore muscles? (+) ________________________________________________________________.

2. What should you do when you have a toothache? (-) ______________________________________________________________.

3. What should you do for an insect bite? (+) 75

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________________________________________________________________.

4. What should you do when you have a bad headache? (-) ________________________________________________________________.

5. What should you do for a sunburn? (+) ________________________________________________________________.

6. What should you do when you have a stomachache? (-) ________________________________________________________________.

7. What should you do for a burn? (+) ________________________________________________________________.

8. What should you do when you have a sore throat? (-) _____________________________________________________________.

9. What should you do for the hiccups? (+) ________________________________________________________________.

10. What should you do when you have the flu? (-) ________________________________________________________________.

Escribe el nombre de las enfermedades de acuerdo al dibujo:

(1)

(2)

(5) (6)

(3)

(4)

(7)

(8)

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1 s t omA c ha c

ENGLISH II

h e

2 c o Ugh 3 ba c K a c he 4 e a Ra c he 5 t o o T ha c h

e

6hea d A c he 7 co l D 8 t hEf lu

De acuerdo con los remedios de la izquierda escribe el nombre de la enfermedad que se puede curar: Remedio: Use a heating pad Take some aspirin See a dentist Take a cough drop Drink lots of hot water Put it under cold water Drink warm milk Apply anti-itch cream Use eye drops Go to bed and rest

Enfermedad: _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________

4. Should / shouldn’t

El verbo modal “should” lo utilizamos en determinadas situaciones y una de las principales es para dar “consejos”: Ejemplos: If your headache doesn`t get better in a couple of days, you should go to the doctor.

If you want to improve your language skills, you should try to read something in English.

También se utiliza para opinar sobre lo que creemos que sería la situación ideal: 77

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Education should be free for everyone.

Women shouldn’t be paid less than men for doing the same work.

Así mismo es útil para especular sobre lo que podría pasar, indicando lo que creemos que es probable: Where is Joe? He finishes work at 6 p.m. today, so he should be here soon.

The party on Saturday should be good – everyone is going.

Se puede usar should en el tiempo pasado para aludir a cosas que habrían sido una buena idea, pero no ocurrieron, sobre todo cuando lamentamos algo: I should have told her I loved her.

Estructura:

Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa

Clara shouldn’t have sent that e-mail.

Sujeto + should + verbo infinitivo Sujeto + should + not + verbo infinitivo Should + sujeto + verbo infinitivo

Should es un verbo modal, por lo que sigue las mismas reglas que otros verbos modales: Regla: Ejemplos: 1. Los verbos modales nunca van seguidos You should study more if you want to pass por “to”, sino por un infinitivo sin “to”. that exam.

2. La forma negativa de “should” You shouldn’t listen to what James says es “should not”, aunque normalmente he’s often wrong. utilizamos la contracción “shouldn’t” The children definitely should not be allowed in the study 3. En preguntas afirmativas, “should” suele Should I turn off the lights? servir para consultar si algo es buena idea, Shouldn’t you have finished by now? mientras que en las negativas suele confirmar lo que creemos que debería haber ocurrido o debería haberse hecho.

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4. Para utilizar los verbos modales en Jen should have listened to me. pasado seguimos la estructura “verbo modal Paolo shouldn’t have eaten the last cake - it + have + participio pasado”: was for Jordi.

“Should” puede emplearse asimismo If you should want to cancel the holiday, en oraciones condicionales, cuando please inform us within 7 days. queremos ser más formales.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con el verbo que está entre paréntesis más el verbo modal should: 1.

You _______ ____ to the gym, you will feel better. (go)

2.

You touched all the animals in the farm. You _______ ______ your hands. (clean)

3.

You _______ stop __________ junk food. It’s not good. (eat)

4.

You are failing all the exams. Maybe, you _______ _______ harder. (study)

5.

Your son looks dehydrated. He _______ _______ more water. (drink)

6.

You don’t pay attention to me, you _______ ___ more attentive. (be)

7.

Your dog looks very thin. Maybe you _______ _______ its food (change)

8.

Your mother needs a pause. She _______ ____ for a few days. (go away)

Completa los espacios en blanco de las siguientes oraciones, usando la forma negativa del should para dar recomendaciones: 1.

My father (drive)__________, he is very old and he gets easily distracted.

2.

You (watch)__________ too much TV. It’s time you turn it off.

3.

It’s very late. My daughter is in the park and she (be)__________ out.

4.

Your children are missing you. You (work) __________ so much.

5.

It’s a private meeting. You (record) _________ our conversation.

6.

I am very worried. I ________ have (allow) ____ them to go out.

Completa las siguientes oraciones interrogativas, modal should más el verbo que hay entre paréntesis:

usando

el

1.

_______ I ________ him?, what do you think? (call)

2.

_______ I _______ my job? I am not sure whether it will be a good option.

verbo

(change) 79

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3.

ENGLISH II

_______ we _______ Lucy to our wedding? We haven’t seen her for a long time. (invite)

4.

_______ I ____ this dress? It’s so expensive, but I love it. (buy)

5.

_______ my children _____ for this summer camp? I am not sure how safe it is. (sign up)

6.

_______ we _____ to the city? In a short time, our sons will be teenagers and they will need it. (move)

7.

Why _______I _____ your exercises?! It’s unfair! (do)

8.

When ______I _____ for university? (apply)

5. Necessity and prohibition Must / mustn’t

El verbo modal “must” se utiliza de la siguiente manera: Afirmativo

Negativo

Para expresar un deber moral.

You must respect older people.

Para expresar obligación.

We must wear uniform at school.

Para enfatizar la necesidad de Humans must have drinking water at least every two days. algo.

Deducir, seguro de que algo es Dinosaurs were very big; they must have eaten a lot. verdadero.

Una fuerte recomendación.

The ice cream here is delicious.

You must try some.

Para expresar prohibición.

Students mustn`t smoke at school.

You must not step on the grass.

Escribe en la línea must or mustn’t para completar las siguientes oraciones: 1. You ______________ raise your hand to speak.

2. You ______________ study hard if you want to pass your exams.

3. You ______________ sleep in class.

4. You ______________ arrive late to school.

5. You ______________ listen to the teacher.

6. You ______________ bring your books to school every day.

7. You ______________ play in class.

8. You ______________ finish your exercises on time.

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9. You ______________ bully your classmates.

10. You ______________ forget your homework.

11. You ______________ shout at the teacher or your classmates.

12. You ______________ use your mobile on class.

13. You ______________ ask the teacher if you don’t understand.

14. You ______________ eat in the classroom.

15. You ______________ cheat in your exams.

16. You ______________ pay attention to the teacher.

Escribe en la línea must or mustn’t y el verbo del cuadro que corresponda, además escribe el número de la oración en la imagen correcta:

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Be Protect

brush speak

eat stop

fasten wear

feed take

go tell

keep watch

listen

1. You ______________ junk food because it’s not healthy.

2. You ______________ your seat belt when you go by car.

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3. You ______________ the park clean to enjoy it.

4. You ______________ your dog twice a day to keep him fit.

5. You ______________ late for school.

6. You ______________ loudly in a library.

7. It`s our secret. Remember, you ______________ your brother.

8. I ______________ an umbrella because it’s raining.

9. We ______________ endangered species or they’ll die out.

10. You ______________ too much TV. It’s bad for your eyes.

11. A driver ______________ when he sees this sign.

12. You ______________ your teeth after each meal.

13. You ______________ to the dentist if your tooth aches.

14. You ______________ to loud music late at night.

15. You ______________ a helmet to protect your head when you ride your bike.

6. Can / can’t

Can es un verbo modal, que se usa para expresar habilidad, posibilidad o pedir permiso.

Funciona como verbo auxiliar y antecede al verbo principal de la oración, ya que lo condicionan.

Estructura:

Sujeto + can + verbo principal + complemento I

can

play

the guitar

Habilidad:

She can sing.

He can run very fast.

Permiso:

Can I ask you a favor?

You can eat grapes if you want.

Oraciones negativas:

Sujeto + can + not + verbo principal + complemento I

can

not

play

the guitar

En las oraciones negativas podemos utilizar la negación con can’t o cannot.

Oraciones interrogativas:

Can + sujeto + verbo principal + complemento + ?

Can

you

go

to the party?

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Respuestas cortas:

yes, I can.

ENGLISH II

No, I can’t.

Completa las siguientes oraciones de acuerdo con las imágenes:

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A. Completa con Can o can’t: 1. Sarah __________ play the guitar.

2. Simon __________ drive.

3. Rosy and Dave __________ swim.

4. They __________ play tennis.

5. Sarah __________ paint.

6. She __________ ski.

7. Simon __________ ride a horse.

8. He __________ skateboard.

B. Completa con las palabras correctas de acuerdo con las imágenes: 1. Rosy and Dave can __________, __________, _________ and __________.

2. They can´t __________, __________ or __________.

3. Sarah can __________, __________ and __________.

4. She can´t __________, __________ or __________.

5. Simon can __________, __________ and __________.

6. He can´t __________, __________ or __________.

Contesta las siguientes preguntas con respuestas cortas: 1. Can Simon play basketball?

2. Can Rosy and Dave ski?

3. Can Sarah play volleyball?

4. Can Sarah and Simpon play the guitar?

5. Can Rosy and Dave play chess?

6. Can Simon drive?

7. Can Sara sing?

8. Can Rosy and Dave ride a bike?

_____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ 85

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Cambia las oraciones afirmativas a oraciones negativas e interrogativas: 1. Sara can windsurf.

- ______________________________________________________________ ? ______________________________________________________________ 2. Rosy and Dave can play the trumpet.

- ______________________________________________________________ ? ______________________________________________________________ 3. Simon can speak Spanish.

- ______________________________________________________________ ? ______________________________________________________________ Escribe 8 oraciones sobre lo que puedes y no puedes hacer.

1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________ 6. ______________________________________________________________ 7. ______________________________________________________________ 8. ______________________________________________________________ 7. Obligation and absence of obligation: have to / don’t have to. Offers of help and possibility: may, can.

Have to / don`t have to Se usa “have to” cuando piensas que es necesario hacer algo, o es obligatorio hacerlo.

En las oraciones negativas significa que no es necesario hacerlo: 86

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I have to do my homework.

You don’t have to work tomorrow.

Sandra has to go to the dentist.

She doesn’t have to go now.

Estructura: Oraciones afirmativas Oraciones negativas Sujeto Have to Verbo Sujeto negación Have to Verbo I / we / you have to work I / we / you / don’t have to work / they they He / she / it has to work He / she / it doesn’t have to work Oraciones interrogativas Respuestas cortas Auxiliar sujeto Have to Verbo Afirmativas Negativas Do I / we / you have to work Yes, I do.

No, I don´t / they Does He / she / have to work Yes, he does.

No, he doesn’t it WH-questions Palabra auxiliar sujeto Have to verbo complemento interrogativa What do you have to do tomorrow.

What does she have to do tonight?

Respuestas I have to work.

She has to do her homework.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con: have to, don’t have to, has to, doesn’t have to 1. Mary can’t go to the cinema. She _____________________ look after her sister tonight.

2. My parents can’t go to Italy. They _______________________ work this summer.

3. My friends _______________________ get up early tomorrow because it’s Sunday.

4. Caroline _______________________ work clean her car today because it’s raining.

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5. Children _______________________ work. First, they have to go to school.

6. Sorry, I can’t come tomorrow. I _______________________ go to the doctor.

7. Peter _______________________ read a lot of books because he’s studying literature.

8. That woman _____________________ carry all those bags. Her husband can help her.

9. You ______________________ get up early tomorrow if you want to be there at seven.

10. My father is an import-export manager. He _______________________ travel a lot.

11. You _______________________ do the ironing. I’ll do it for you. I love ironing.

12.Teresa can’t see very well so she _______________________ wear glasses.

Completa las oraciones con have to, don’t have to, has to, doesn’t have to y la información en el cuadro Activities Lisa Tom 1. Make a cake Yes No 2.Do the homework Yes Yes 3.Wash the car No Yes 4. Walk the dog Yes No 5. Study history No Yes 6. Set the table No No 7. Cut the Grass No Yes 8. Tidy the bedroom Yes Yes

1. Tom _______________________ wash the car.

2. Lisa and Tom _______________________ do the homework.

3. Tom _______________________ walk the dog.

4. Lisa _______________________ study history.

5. Tom _______________________ study history.

6. Lisa and Tom _______________________ set the table.

7. Lisa _______________________ cut the grass.

8. Lisa _______________________ wash the car.

9. Tom _______________________ cut the grass.

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10. Tom _______________________ make a cake.

11. Tom _______________________ tidy the bedroom.

12. Lisa _______________________ make a cake.

May, can May y can son dos verbos modales, como ya lo vimos, can se utiliza para expresar una habilidad o permiso en contextos coloquiales, may se usa para expresar posibilidad y pedir o dar permiso en contextos formales.

Son difíciles de distinguir ya que se traducen igual. Su estructura es igual a las anteriores: Afirmativa: Negativa: Interrogativa:

I may lose my job because of this mistake.

You may not play catch in the house.

May I go to the bathroom?

Pedir permiso

Can Informal

May Formal

Posibilidades

Con seguridad

Con duda

habilidades

Solo can

Ejemplos May I have a glass of water?

Can I have a glass of water?

It may get very cold at night.

It can get very cold at night.

I can speak English very well.

I can´t get up early.

Completa con “can” o “may” según sea más habitual o más formal: 1.

My boss _____________speak English very fluently.

2.

You _____________ take my dictionary for your exam. (formal)

3.

4.

Your sister _____________ come with us to the cinema. It depends on your mother. (formal) You _____________ open the bottle with that corkscrew.

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5.

You _____________ use my computer if you want. (formal)

6.

_____________ you bring me a glass of water, please?

7.

My father is very strong, he _____________ lift 100 kg.

8.

You _____________ enter the party with this invitation.

9.

You _____ ________find that book in the Central Library.

ENGLISH II

10. _____________ I switch on the light? I would like to read the newspaper. (informal) 11. Philip _____________ use his father's motorbike.

12. If you need it you _____________ use our lawnmower. (formal) 13. _____________ you help me to clean the swimming pool, please?

14. I _____________ use the company car for private trips. (informal) 15.

There are rumours that the Spanish airline Iberia _____________ merge with British Airway.

16. We are going to the park; you _____________ come with us if you want. (formal) 17. With that telescope you _____________ see Mars.

18. You should buy lottery tickets; you _____________ become millionaire.

19. _____________ you help me to move this heavy box? I cannot do it on my own. (informal) 20. If you have any questions you _____________ ask me. (formal) 21. My brother works in the Air Force; he _____________ fly a fighter plane.

22. If you study hard you _____________ pass your exams.

23. During the flight you _____________ not use your mobile.

24. With my savings I _____________ buy a new car.

25.

Mark doesn't answer the phone; he _____________have left his office because he didn't feel well.

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AUTOEVALUACIÓN

I. Simple past: irregular verbs.

1.We _______ a huge meal last night. a) eat b) eaten

c) eating

2.My friend and her sister ____________ to visit me last year. a) came b) come c) coming

d) ate

d) comes

3. Silvia ________________ a wonderful cake for our friend's birthday party last weekend.

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a) made

b) makes

c) making

d) make

4. I ________ all my homework in study hall. a) do b) doing c) done

d) did

5. Mariana ________ of a better way to do it. a) think did b) didn’t think c) didn’t thought

d) thought didn’t

6. ______ Sofy ________ her arm when she fell down the stairs? No, she _____ a) Does / break / does b) Did / broke / didn’t c) Didn’t / break / did d) Did / break / didn’t 7. __________ _______ the dog ________ a hole? In the back yard. a) When / did / dug b) Where / did / dig c) How / did / dig d) Why / did / dug 8. We never _________ her real name. a) knew b) Know c) Knowing

d) Known

9. They __________________ the baby’s room. a) decorates b) did decorate c) didn’t decorate

d) decorated did

10. ______ Sara ______ to you? Yes, she _____. a) Did / talked / did b) Did / did / talk c) Does / talk / does

d) Did / talk / did

II. Imperativos. Selecciona la imagen o frase que corresponda: 11. Don’t walk the dog

a)

b) 92

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c)

ENGLISH II

d)

12. a) Don’t take photos!

b) Don`t smoke!

c) Don´t throw the garbage!

d) Don’t eat!

13. Don´t walk on the grass.

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a)

b)

c)

d)

ENGLISH II

III. Contesta las siguientes preguntas de acuerdo al remedio correcto.

14. What should you do for itchy eyes? _________________

a) See a dentist.

b) Drink lots of hot water.

c) Drink warm milk

d) Use eye drops.

15. What should I do for an insect bite? _________________

a) Apply anti-itch cream.

b) Take a cough drop.

c) Put it under cold water

d) Go to bed and rest.

16. What should you do for a burn? ___________

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a) Use a heating pad.

b) Put it under cold water.

c) Drink warm milk.

d) Take some aspirin.

IV. Completa con Should / shouldn’t según corresponda:

17. You _________ miss to visit the museum, it’s very interesting.

a) shouldn’t

b) can

c) don’t can

d) not should

18. When __________ we go to Los Angeles? Anytime, the weather is always nice.

a) not can

b) should

c) should are

d) cans

19. Where ________ elderly people go in winters? To sunny places. a) not can

b) should

c) should are

d) cans

V. Completa con Must / mustn’t según corresponda: 20. You ______________ to the dentist with a tootache. a) must go

b) mustn’t go

c) must goes

d) mustn’t went

21. You ______________ late for school. a) must be

b) mustn’t are

c) must is

d) mustn’t be

22. You _______________ your pet twice a day. a) mustn’t feeds feeds

b) must feed

c) must feeds

d)

mustn’t

VI. Completa con Can / can’t según corresponda: 95

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23. My grandmother _________ go shopping every day. a) not can

b) not should

c) can

d) cans

24. Nick ____________ travel to America, he doesn’t have passport. a) can’t

b) doesn’t can

c) not should

d) shoulds

25. I’m sorry. I __________ you up at the airport. a) can’t pick

c) can picking

b) can to pick

d) not can pick

VII. Completa con Have to / don`t have to según corresponda: 26. I ________________ clean the house. a) have to

b) has to

c) doesn’t have to

d) to have not

27. _________ Javier _________ work next weekend? a) Do / have to to

b) Does / has to

c) Do / has to

d) Does / have

28. My students __________________ their homework or they will not pass. a) has to do

b) have to do

c) doesn’t have to

d) don’t has to

VIII. Completa con May o Can según corresponda:

29. _________I _____ you, sir?

a) May

b) May/help

c) Help/may

d) Help/help

30. I ____ play the guitar. My brother _____ play the accordion.

a) can/cans

b) may /can

c) can/can

d) can / may

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ENGLISH II

31. I ____________ to Paris on my next vacation.

a) go may

b) may

c) may go

d) may goes

UNIDAD IV PLANS AND PREDICTIONS

UNIDAD IV PLANS AND PREDICTIONS

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Propósito de la unidad: U lizar el empo futuro para hacer predicciones y planes en el trabajo y en la vida social a través de las habilidades comunica vas.

APRENDIZAJES ESPERADOS

El estudiante: 7.

8.

9.

Muestra un comportamiento que refleja la prác ca de los valores ins tucionales y en la interacción con su maestro y sus pares al realizar las diferentes ac vidades de la unidad.

U liza el empo futuro para expresar planes y proyectos en forma oral y escrita.

Compara el futuro Will con el futuro Going to en predicciones y/o situaciones futuras.

PLANS AND PREDICTIONS

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1. Future: Going to

“Going to” no es un tiempo verbal, es una estructura especial que usamos para hablar acerca del futuro.

Se usa el “be going to” para transmitir una idea de futuro. Aunque hay muchas formas de expresar ideas en futuro en inglés, esta estructura tiene dos funciones principalmente: 1.

Referirnos a planes futuros que ya hemos decidido. Refleja las intenciones del hablante para el futuro, aunque no necesariamente significa que ya hayamos empezado los preparativos, o que esas cosas vayan a suceder de verdad.

Ejemplos: When I’m older, I’m going to be an astronaut!

Next weekend I’m going to sleep until really late!

In two years’ time, I’m going to move to Paris and study fashion design.

Are you going to eat anything? No, I'm not hungry.

A: I hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it?

B: She's going to buy a new car.

I'm just going to make a quick phone call. Can you wait for me?

This cheese smells horrible. I'm not going to eat it.

2.

Para hacer predicciones en base a lo que vemos en el presente. Es decir estamos hablando de lo que pensamos que pasará. Ejemplos:

If she’s not careful she’s going to knock that glass over.

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It’s very cold outside – I think it’s going to snow.

Javier’s birthday party is going to be great – she was showing me the restaurant online.

También Podemos decir que algo va a pasar en el futuro:

The man isn´t looking where he is going. He is going to walk into the wall.

Look at those black clouds! lt's going to rain. (The clouds are there now) I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (I feel terrible now) The economic situa on is bad now and things are going to get worse La estructura de “going to” es la siguiente: Sujeto

Verbo “To Be” am

“going to”

Complemento

going to

Verbo en infinitivo go

She

is

going to

have

spaghetti for dinner tonight.

They

are

going to

release

a new album next year.

Sujeto

Verbo “To Be” am

Oraciones I afirmativas

Oraciones I negativas

to the beach this weekend.

Negación “going to” Verbo en infinitivo not going to study

Complemento medicine anymore.

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He

is

not

going to

listen

to what you say.

We

are

not

going to

go

to the wedding because we have to work.

Oraciones interrogativas

Verbo Sujeto “going to” Verbo en Complemento “To Be” infinitivo Am I going to finish the project on time?

Are

you

going to

come

to the party on Sunday?

Is

it

going to

rain

tomorrow?

Respuestas cortas Afirmativas I Yes,

Negativas am.

I

he / she / it is. you / we / they

No,

are.

am not.

he / she / it is not. (isn’t) you / we / they

are not. (aren’t)

Palabras interrogativas: Palabra interrogativa

Verbo “To Be”

Sujeto

Going to

Verbo en infinitivo

Going to

travel?

What When

am

I

Where

is

he / she / it

Why

are

you / we / they

How

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Who

travel with?

El “be going to” suele usarse en contextos informales, así casi siempre se usa con contracciones: “I’m”, “he’s”, “it’s”, “we’re”, “they’re”.

2. Time phrases

Usamos “going to” para hablar de planes futuros y usamos expresiones de empo para indicar cuando vamos a hacer las ac vidades, algunas de ellas son:

Tomorrow

next week

at the weekend

on Friday

Consulta la traducción de las siguientes expresiones de empo para futuro: Tonight

Tomorrow

Next week

At the weekend

On Monday

In five months

Next month

In ten years

On Thursday

Ejemplos:

Today is August 16th. I am going to go swimming tomorrow.

Today is the 9th. day of the month. We are going to go on holydays next week.

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ENGLISH II

Today is Monday. Theye are going to go surfing on Thursday.

The school finishes at 17:00. He is going to play football a er school.

They are going to go water – skiing at the weekend.

Completa las siguientes oraciones usando “going to”.

1. He ______________________________ his friend. (phone) 2. We ______________________________ a new computer game. (play) 3. My sister _________________________ TV. (watch) 4. You ______________________________ a picnic next Tuesday. (have) 5. Jane ______________________________ to the office. (go) 6. They_______________________________ to the bus stop this afternoon. (walk) 7. His brother ____________________________a letter to his uncle today. (write) 8. She __________________________________ her aunt. (visit)

Escribe enunciados (+), (-) e (? ) usando la información que se te proporciona.

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Ejemplo: I / dry my clothes.

I a m g o in g to d ry my clo t h e s.

I a m n ot go in g t o dry my clo t h e s .

A m I g o in g to d ry my clo t h e s?

He / buy a car (+) ______________________________________________________________________ ____ ()_____________________________________________________________________ ______ (? )____________________________________________________________________ ______

They / paint the house. (+) ______________________________________________________________________ ____ (-) ______________________________________________________________________ ____ (? )____________________________________________________________________ ______

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We / go to bed. (+)____________________________________________________________________ ______ ()_____________________________________________________________________ ______ (? )____________________________________________________________________ ______

The students / go to the school for the last time next Monday. (+)____________________________________________________________________ ______ ()_____________________________________________________________________ ______ (? )____________________________________________________________________ ______

Lee las siguientes situaciones y completa el dialogo. Usa going to.

1. You have decided to clean your room this morning.

FRIEND: Are you going out this morning?

YOU: No, I am going to clean my room this morning.

2. You bought a sweater, but it doesn't fit you very well. You have decided to take it back to the shop.

FRIEND: That sweater is too big for you.

You: I know, I _________________________________________________________________ 105

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3. You have been offered a job, but you have decided not to accept it.

FRIEND: I hear you've been offered a job.

You: That's right, ___________________________________________________________

but

4. You have to phone Sarah. It is morning now, and you have decided to phone her tonight.

FRIEND: Have you phoned Sarah yet?

You: No____________________________________________________________________ __ 5. You are in a restaurant. The food is awful, and you've decided to complain.

FRIEND: This food is awful, isn't it?

You: Yes, it's disgusting. I _______________________________________________________ ¿Qué va a pasar en estas situaciones? Usa “going to” y las palabras en paréntesis.

1. There are a lot of black clouds in the sky. (rain) It is going to rain__________________________________________________________ 2. lt is 8.30. Tom is leaving his house. He has to be at work at 8.45, but the journey takes 30 minutes. (be late) He __________________________________________________________________ 3. There is a hole in the bottom of the boat. A lot of water is coming in through the hole. (sink) The boat ________________________________________________________________ 4. Lucy and Chris are driving. There is very little petrol left in the tank. The nearest petrol station is a long way away. (run out) They _________________________________________________________________ Corrige las siguientes oraciones con la forma correcta de “going to”. Hay un error en cada oración.

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I am going to doing my homework after school today. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 2. She goes to play football on Sunday. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 3. Look at the sky! It going to rain. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 4. they are going to visit the museum this afternoon? ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 5. He doesn’t going to travel to Argentina this summer. ______________________________________________________________________ ______ 6. Look at the books! They are go to fall off the shelf. ______________________________________________________________________ ______

Escribe las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones.

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1. going to/Sandra/ her mother/is / help __________________________________________________________________________

2. have/ what/going to / are/for dinner/you/? _____________________________________________________________________________

3. at the university/am / I / study /going to / next year. _______________________________________________________________________

4. is / the dog /its food /eat /going to/? ______________________________________________________________________________ __ 5. Lucia/ return /is/ to Mexico/ going to /? / someday ______________________________________________________________________________ __ Observa la imagen y escribe oraciones usando las palabras dadas. Usa “going to”

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1. It / be /a hot and sunny day. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

2. James and David / swim / in the sea. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

3. The family / have / lunch on the beach. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

4. Paul/ fall / over a bag. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

5. Mr and Mrs Hill / ride / in a boat. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

6. Phyllis /read / a book. ______________________________________________________________________________ __

7. Barbara and Susan / drink / some water.

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______________________________________________________________________________ __

8. I / finish / this ac vity.

3. Future Will / won’t

Usamos “will” cuando tomamos una decisión espontanea para hacer algo.

Will: se usa frecuentemente en las siguientes situaciones Eventos futuros probables:

It will snow this weekend.

Decisiones o ideas espontáneas:

I will pick you up tomorrow.

Voluntad para hacer una actividad:

They will repair my TV tomorrow.

That bag looks heavy. I will help you with it.

Dar órdenes:

You will not go to the party!

Proponer o invitar algo:

Will you marry me?

Estar de acuerdo en hacer algo:

A: Can you give Tim this book?

B: Sure, I willl give it to him when I see him this afternoon.

Prometer hacer algo:

Thanks for lending me the money. I will pay you back on Friday.

I won't tell anyone what happened. I promise.

Pedir a alguien que haga algo: Will you please turn the music down? I'm trying to concentrate.

Estructura: Sujeto

Auxiliair will

Verbo en infinitivo

Complemento

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Oraciones Afirmativas

I He / she / it We / you / they Sujeto

Oraciones negativas

Oraciones interrogativas

Yes,

I He / she / it We / you / they

will

come

Auxiliar will

negación

Verbo en infinitivo

Complemento

will

not

cook

this week.

Auxiliar will

Sujeto

will

I He / she / it cook We / you / they

Respuestas cortas afirmativas I He / she / it will.

We / you / they

Palabra interrogativa When Where Why How What

to the country next year

Verbo en infinitivo

No,

Who will

I He / she / it We / you / they I He / she / it We / you / they

this week.

Respuestas cortas negativas I He / she / it Will not We / you / (won’t) they

Preguntas con palabras interrogativas Auxiliar will Sujeto Verbo en infinitivo I will He / she / it go We / you / they will

Complemento

Complemento tomorrow?

do

tomorrow

go

with tomorrow?

Ejemplos: -Oh, I've left the door open. I will go and shut it.

-What would you like to drink?' I will have an orange juice, please.'

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-Did you phone Lucy?' 'Oh no, I forgot. I'll phone her now.'

NOTA: Usamos frecuentemente “will “con las siguientes expresiones: I think I ‘ll…. y I don’t think I’ll …..

-I feel a bit hungry. I think I'll have something to eat.

-I don't think I'Ll go out tonight. I'm too tired.

Completa las siguientes oraciones con will /will not-won’t (pregunta/afirmativa/ negativa), en su forma apropiada.

1. ________________________ me £50? (you/ lend) 2.________________________ to the country. (they/not move) 3. _______________________ the exam in French. (Laura/ do) 4. When _________________________ us the file? (Kim/send) 5. ______________________________a mile in 5 minutes. (John/ run) 6.___________________________________ the garden bench? (your father/paint) 7. How many days ____________________ in Rome? (she/ stay) 8.____________________________________Grand Canyon National Park. (we/visit) Completa con respuestas cortas usando “will” para las siguientes oraciones.

Ejemplo: Will Maria come to the party? No, she won’t Will you come early?

Will you and Sam go to the movies?

No, ______________

Yes, ______________

Will Jack play with us?

Will it snow?

Yes, _______________

Yes, _____________

Will they be at home?

Will you make dinner?

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No, _______________

No, _______________

Completa las oraciones con “I will” + el verbo apropiado del recuadro. try give

take

teach

have

stay

send

do

turn

1. I’m too tired to walk home. I think ________________ a taxi.

2. lt's cold in this room. Is it? ________________ on the heating then.

3. Bye! Have a nice holiday! Thanks. _____________ you a postcard.

4. Will she do the washing-up?' No, it's all right. ____________it later.

5. I don't know how to shut down this computer. OK, ___________________you.

6. Would you like tea or coffee? __________________. coffee, please.

7. Are you coming with us?' 'No, I think _________________ here.

8. Thanks for lending me the money. _______________________it back as soon as possible, OK? 9. A: I know you're busy, but can you finish this report this afternoon?

B: Well, _______________________ but I can't promise.

Completa el siguiente dialogo usando la forma correcta de “will” y el verbo entre paréntesis.

A – What do you think the future _____________ like? (be) B – I think cars________________. (fly) A – Really? What do you think the schools __________________ like? (be) B – I think people _________________ in their houses via the Internet. (study)

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A – What ________ hospitals ________like? (be) B - I think medicine_____________ totally different (be). We _________________ many of the diseases that we have today.(not have)

Usa la forma correcta de “will” para completar las siguientes oraciones.

1. There are many dirty shoes. I _________________ (only clean).

2. He should be here. I _________________ another minute. (not/wait).

3. These exercises are very difficult. If you want, I __________________ them to you (explain) 4. It’s ge ng late. I think I ___________________ home before it gets dark. (go) 5. Don’t worry, I _________________ you. (never/leave) 6. We ______________ them go to the party un l they finish their homework. (not/let) 7. I will come back early tomorrow. __________ you _______ awake? (be) 8. Michael is very thirsty. I _________________ him a glass of water. (bring) 9. If you don’t leave my house now, I __________________ the pólice (call) 10. It’s star ng to rain. I ___________ my umbrella! (get).

Escribe oraciones acerca de la vida de Tara en el futuro. Usa will y won’t

1.

I/go to university (+) I/study/to be an architect (-) I will go to the university. I will study to be an architect.

2.

I/live/in Paris (+) I/live in roo ops (-) _______________________________________________.

3.

I/drive/a big car. (-)

I/ride/a yellow bicycle (+) 114

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_______________________________________________.

4.

Dex and Ben /live /in Paris (-) They /visit me / twice a year (+) _______________________________________________.

Completa el siguiente ejercicio con “will” y las palabras del cuadro. cook

buy

get

not/tell

visit

Lucia _____________ a new house near the lake. She told her mom about the house. Her mother __________ her every weekend. They ___________ anyone because they don’t want to be disturbed while they are together.

Lucia ____________a telescope to see the stars. Lucia’s mother _____________ a special recipe while they are away in the new house.

4. Fortune - telling

Contesta las siguientes preguntas, escribe oraciones completas: Has anyone ever told your fortune? ______________________________________________________________________________ _______ Do you believe it is possible to tell someone’s fortune by using the lines on their hand? ______________________________________________________________________________ _______ 115

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Some people think the lines on your palm have different meanings. Do you know what these meanings are? ______________________________________________________________________________ _______ Relaciona cada palabra con su definición: 1. Fate

a. The inside part of the hand with ines on it.

2. Imagina on b. Big; important 3. Leadership c. Small; less important 4. Major

d. A power that decides a person’s future.

5. Minor

e. Connec on between ideas, people or things.

6. Palm

f. Ability to lead people.

7. Rela onship g. Crea vity, crea ng stories in the mind.

8. represent

h. Show, mean, stand for.

Realiza el siguiente ejercicio sobre Palm Reading.

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Some people think you can learn a lot about the future by palm reading. Circle how are your lines: 1. LIFE LINE:

long

medium

short

2. HEAD LINE:

long

medium

short

3. HEART LINE:

long

medium

short

4. SUN LINE:

starts at the bo om

starts far from the bo om

5. MARRIAGE LINES:

far apart

close together

Checa el significado de tus líneas: LIFE LINE:

if this is long, you will have a long life.

HEAD LINE:

if this is long, it means you are intelligent.

HEART LINE:

if you have a long-curved line, you are very kind.

If you have many small lines, you will have many romances.

SUN LINE:

if this line starts at the bo om of your hand you are going to be rich and

successful.

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If it starts far from the bo om, you will be successful when you are old.

MARRIAGE LINES:

if your marriage lines are close together, you will probably get married when you are very young.

Escribe oraciones usando “going to” o “will” de acuerdo con la información de Palm Reading.

What is your future?

1._____________________________________________________________________________ __ 2._____________________________________________________________________________ __ 3._____________________________________________________________________________ __ 4._____________________________________________________________________________ __ 5._____________________________________________________________________________ __

5. Will vs Going to.

Will or going to se refieren a hechos futuros, pero se usan en contextos diferentes. Mientras que will se usa para prometer cosas y hablar de decisiones espontáneas, going to es más común para hablar de hacer planes o intenciones.

WILL

GOING TO

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1. Futuro incierto:

1. Planes:

I will travel the world in 10 years.

2. Predicciones:

ENGLISH II

I am going to France this summer.

2. Situaciones obvias: It is going to rain. (Hay nubes grises en el

She will get married to a rich man.

cielo).

3. Reacciones espontáneas:

3. Hechos planificados:

- There’s no milk in the fridge.

-There’s no milk in the fridge.

- I will buy some!

- I am going to buy some, it’s on the shopping list. (ya sabíamos que lo íbamos a comprar).

4. Promesas, ofertas, amenazas, etc.

4. Hechos que están a punto de ocurrir:

I promise I will study.

Look, this car is going to crash!

Completa las siguientes oraciones usando Will o Going to, según corresponda:

1. Next summer I _______________ buy a new house.

2. I am quite tired; I _______________ go to bed now.

3. I believe Laura _______________ like her brand-new car.

4. Look at those guys! They _______________ rob the bank.

5. I promise, I _______________ do it again.

6. I think she _______________ crash my dad’s car.

7. I talked to John yesterday; we _______________ visit you tomorrow.

8. I am sorry dad; I _______________ drink and drive again.

9. Watch out! That man _______________ punch you.

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10. It is really hot in here; I _______________ open the window.

Completa usando “will”o “going to” apropiadamente, las siguientes oraciones.

1. Have you got any plans for tomorrow?

- Yes, I am _______________ visit my grandparents.

2. Why is she learning Spanish?

- She __________________ travel to Spain.

3. We are thirsty.

- Wait here. I_______________ get some water.

4. Meat or fish?

- I ______________ have some fish, please.

5. What do you want the keys for?

- I ______________close the door.

6. If you don't take a taxi, you _________________ arrive on time.

7. Why do you want so many oranges?

- I______________ make an orange juice.

8. Oh! I haven't got enough money to pay!

- Don't worry. I _________________ give you some.

9. We need one more player.

- __________________you play with us now?

10. Why are you switching on the TV? - I __________________ watch a football match.

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Escoge “will “o “going to” para completar las siguientes oraciones de forma apropiada, usando los verbos en paréntesis.

1. What are you doing with those tools? I _________________________ (repair) the car.

2. Oh no! There isn’t any milk in the fridge? I ____________________(get) some from the store.

3. Did you phone Bob? Oh, no. I completely forgot. I _______________________ (phone) him now.

4. I’m really hungry! I _________________ (make) you something to eat, then.

5. I really must go now. If you wait a moment, I ____________________ (give) you a lift in my car.

6. Mary made a decision yesterday. She ___________________________ (change) her job 7. I _________________________(meet) some friends for coffee this afternoon.

8. Romeo is always late. I’m sure he______________________(not arrive ) on time.

9. The phone is ringing. I ________________________ (answer) it.

10. Sophia _______________________(start) her new job next week.

11. ___________________________ (they/win) the tennis match tomorrow? What do you think?

12. Look at that driver! He __________________________ (have ) an accident.

13. Do you want to meet my father? Come on, I ____________________________ (introduce) you.

14. Do you have plans for your holiday? Yes, I _____________________________(go) to France.

15. Lucia decided to learn Arabic. She _________________________ (start) lessons next week.

AUTOEVALUACIÓN

121

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Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

I. Complete using the structure of Going to for the next sentences.

1. Andy: What do you plan to do after you graduate from university?

Kim: I_______________ work in a hospital in Africa to help the poor people.

a) is go to b) am going c) going to d) ’m going to

2. Pamela: Why are you carrying your laptop?

Susan: Because a friend of mine _____________ some homework while we travel on the train.

a) is go to doing b) is going to do c) going to do d) are going to

3. Helena: If you take a look at these statistics, we can see that the economy __________________ worse very soon so we have to save as much money as we can.

a) is going be b) is go to being c) going to be d) is going to be 122

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

II. Use the correct form of Will to complete the following sentences.

4. Alexa: Oh my god! All the lights have gone off, there should have been a blackout.

Mike: Don’t panic. I __________ a look immediately.

a) will took b) will taking c) will take d) ’ll taken

5. Kyle: I can’t find the car keys; I don’t remember where I placed them.

Monica: My daughter and I _____________ you look for them!

a) will helping b) will help c) will helped d) won’t help

6. Paul: Hello! Alexa! did you remember to buy the tickets for the concert tonight at the football stadium?

Alexa: Oh no!. I forgot. I____________ them online now.

a) will buy b) won’t buy 123

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

c) will buying d) will bought

III. Complete the following sentences using the most appropiate structure of Going to or Will 7. Andrea: We don’t have any bread to prepare the sandwiches for the picnic.

Blake: I know, I ______________ buy two loaves of bread. I took some money from your purse.

a) go to b) will go c) will d) ’m going to

8. Susan: We don’t have any cokes for the party Mike: Really? I ___________ some from the supermarket then.

a) am going to get b) will get c) won’t get d) will going

9.Lucia: Why do you need to borrow my new suitcase?

Kyle: Because my daughter_______________ visit my sister in Spain next month.

a) will 124

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

b) is going to c) won’t d) isn’t going to

IV. Complete using the appropriate Time phrase.

10. Paul and Sheila are always going to walk their dog to the beach _________ going to bed. a) on b) before c) after d) until

11. Maria: We need more tomatoes for the salad, why don’t you go to the store?

Lulu: No. I will never go ___ this time, because it is always crowded.

a) until b) in c) at d) on

12. Susan and Robert will probably go to France and Spain _________________ to spend some time with their family.

a) until b) last month 125

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

c) a week ago d) next summer

Complete the following text with the words from the box.

prediction palm

told

fortune teller

palm reader

future

I went to a ______________________ yesterday. She ______________ me my ______________. How did she do it? She read my ______ ¡ Oh, she’s a ___________________. What did she say? I won’t tell you, or her ______________ won’t come true.

PROYECTO

PROYECTO I. Realiza el proyecto “Trip to London” siguiendo los pasos que se presentan a con nuación: 1. Contestar las siguientes preguntas sobre Londres: 1.

What is the nation´s current favorite food?

2.

Where is the “home” of the sport golf?

3.

What is the artist Chris Ofili famous for?

4.

What song is sung on New Year’s Eve in the UK? 2. Transporte: Cómo se llega a Londres, cómo transportarse dentro de Londres: Contestar las preguntas: 1.

What line(s) do you take to travel from Heathrow to London Bridge?

2.

Where do you change trains?

3. Ingresar a la página http://www.thedungeons.com/ o cualquier otra página, donde encontraras información about Jack el destripador, y trata de poner en el orden correcto los siguientes eventos: a) The killer was never found b) Elizabeth Stride was killed c) Mary Nicholl’s body was found 126

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

d) Louis Deimschutz disturbed the ripper e) Catherine Edowes was attacked f) Mary Nicholl’s throat was cut g) Angry mobs attacked suspects 4. Busca en varios sitios de Internet los nombres de los autores de los siguientes libros escritos entre 1850 y 1950 y contesta las siguientes preguntas: a) Charles Dickens lived at _____________ when he wrote the __________ Papers. He moved there in ______ and lived there for ______ years. b) Which writer from the Bloomsbury group wrote a book called Where Angels Fear to Tread? c) The writer P.G. Wodehouse was famous in particular for two characters. What were those characters’ names? d) What jobs did the characters do? e) What kind of characters were they?

5. El viaje a Londres tendrá una duración de 48 horas, ¿a donde irias? ¿Que harías?, planea esas horas, asegurate de incluir como llegar a esos lugares que visitarias.

6. Contesta las siguientes preguntas: 1.

At what gate in which famous tower was the ghost of Sir Thomas Becket seen striking a wall with a crucifix?

2.

What are the nicknames of the following London football teams: Crystal Palace and West Ham? 3.

What two tube stations beginning with a ‘w’ are best for going to the London Eye? 1.

Name the dinosaur that lived in England in the Middle Jurassic period, which was carnivorous and could measure up to nine metres long.

1.

What is the name of the pub in the London soap opera ‘Eastenders’?

1.

What is ‘Kew Gardens’ and where can you find it?

Algunas páginas que te pueden servir para buscar la información son las siguientes: BBC The Tower of London Crystal Palace West Ham London Eye Kew The Natural History Museum 7. Incluye las fuentes consultadas ya sea en páginas web o libros. Mínimo tres.

8. Realiza una presentación en Power Point para compartir los resultados con tu asesor y con otros compañeros.

9. Llena el formato de rúbrica de acuerdo con tu percepción.

Rúbrica para evaluar el proyecto: Tarea: Si No Contesta las preguntas del punto 1.

Contesta las preguntas del punto 2.

Ordena los eventos sobre Jack el destripador Contesta las preguntas sobre los autores de libros 127

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

Presenta el i nerario en Londres Contesta las preguntas del punto 6.

Incluye las fuentes consultadas, por lo menos tres Presentación en Power Point VERBOS REGULARES. Infinitivo

Forma base

Presente

Pasado

Pasado Participio

Gerundio

Significado

To accept To answer To arrive To ask To clean To climb To close To cook To change To dance To deliver To dress To enjoy To erase To finish To fix To follow To help To hurry To invite To join To jump To learn To like To listen To live To look To love To miss To need To open To paint To plan To play To practice To push To repeat To show To start To stay To stop To study To talk

accept answer arrive ask clean climb close cook change dance deliver dress enjoy erase finish fix follow help hurry invite join jump learn like listen live look love miss need open paint plan play practice push repeat show start stay stop study talk

accept(s) answer(s) arrive(s) ask(s) clean(s) climb(s) close(s) cook(s) change(s) dance(s) deliver (s) dress (s) enjoy (s) erase (s) finish (s) fix (s) follow (s) help (s) hurry (s) invite (s) join (s) jump (s) learn (s) like (s) listen (s) live (s) look (s) love (s) miss (s) need (s) open (s) paint (s) plan (s) play (s) practice (s) push (s) repeat (s) show (s) start (s) stay (s) stop (s) study (s) talk (s)

accepted answered arrived asked cleaned climbed closed cooked changed danced delivered dressed enjoyed erased finished fixed followed helped hurried invited joined jumped learned liked listened lived looked loved missed needed opened painted planned played practiced pushed repeated showed started stayed stopped studied talked

accepted answered arrived asked cleaned climbed closed cooked changed danced delivered dressed enjoyed erased finished fixed followed helped hurried invited joined jumped learned liked listened lived looked loved missed needed opened painted planned played practiced pushed repeated showed started stayed stopped studied talked

accepting answering arriveing asking cleaning climbing closing cooking changing dancing delivering dressing enjoying erasing finishing fixing following helping hurrying inviting joining jumping learning liking listening living looking loving missing needing opening painting planning playing practicing pushing repeating showing starting staying stopping studying talking

aceptar contestar llegar preguntar limpiar trepar cerrar cocinar cambiar bailar entregar vestir disfrutar borrar terminar Arreglar seguir ayudar apresurar invitar reunir brincar aprender gustar escuchar vivir observar amar extrañar necesitar abrir pintar planear jugar practicar empujar repetir mostrar empezar permanecer parar estudiar conversar

128

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

To travel To try To turn To use To visit To wait To walk To want To wash To watch

travel try turn use visit wait walk want wash watch

travel (s) try (s) turn (s) use (s) visit (s) wait (s) walk (s) want (s) wash (s) watch (s)

traveled tried turned used visited waited walked wanted washed watched

traveled tried turned use visited waited walked wanted washed watched

traveling trying turning using visiting waiting walking wanting washing watching

viajar intentar voltear usar visitar esperar Caminar querer lavar ver

VERBOS IRREGULARES. Infinitivo

Forma base

Presente

Pasado

Pasado Participio

Gerundio

Significado

To be To become To begin To break To bring To build To buy To come To dream To drink To drive To do To eat To fall To feel To find To fly To forget To get To give To go To grow up To have To hear To hit To keep To know To leave To lose To make To meet To read To ride To run To see To sell To send To sing

be become begin break bring build buy come dream drink drive do eat fall feel find fly forget get give go grow up have hear hit keep know leave lose make meet read ride run see sell send sing

am, is, are become(s) begin (s) break (s) bring(s) build (s) buy (s) come (s) dream (s) drink(s) drive (s) do (s) eat (s) fall (s) feel (s) find s) fly (s) forget (s) get (s) give (s) go (s) grow (s) up have, has hear (s) hit (s) keep (s) know (s) leave (s) lose (s) make (s) meet (s) read (s) ride (s) run (s) see (s) sell (s) send (s) sing (s)

was, were became began broke brought built bought came dreamt drank drove did ate fell felt found flew forgot got gave went grew up had heard hit kept knew left lost made met read rode ran saw sold sent sang

been become begun broken brought built bought come dreamt drunk driven done eaten fall - fallen felt found flown forgotten gotten given gone grown up had heard hit Kept known left lost made met read ridden run seen sold sent sang

being becoming beginning breaking bringing building buying coming dreaming drinking driving doing eating falling feeling finding flying forgetting getting giving going growing up having hearing hitting keeping knowing leaving losing making meeting reading riding running seeing selling sending singing

ser o estar llegar a ser empezar romper traer construir comprar venir soñar beber conducir hacer comer caer sentir encontrar volar olvidar obtener dar ir crecer tener oir golpear conservar saber salir perder hacer conocer leer montar correr ver vender enviar cantar

129

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

ENGLISH II

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

To sit To sleep To speak To spend To swim To take To teach To tell To think To throw To wake up To wear To win To write

sit sleep speak spend swim take teach tell think throw wake up wear win write

sit (s) sleep (s) speak (s) spend (s) swim (s) take (s) teach (s) tell (s) think (s) throw (s) wake (s) up wear (s) win (s) write (s)

sat slept spoke spent swam took taught told thought threw woke up wore won wrote

sat slept spoken spent swum taken taught told thought thrown waken up worn won written

sitting sleeping speaking spending swimming taking teaching telling thinking throwing waking up wearing winning writing

sentarse dormir hablar gastar nadar tomar enseñar decir pensar lanzar despertar vestir ganar escribir

Bibliografía

Abaenglish.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.abaenglish.com/es/grama caingles/lower-intermediate/compara ve-adjec ves-regular-irregular/ Abaenglish.com. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.abaenglish.com/es/verbosmodales-ingles/should/ Abaenglish.com. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.abaenglish.com/es/verbosmodales-ingles/must/ Aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com. (6 de enero de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2013/05/09/adje vos-de-personalidad-eningles-pronunciacion-y-ejercicios-de-audio/ Aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2016/12/03/ejercicios-de-impera vos/ Aulafacil.com. (6 de enero de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.aulafacil.com/cursos/ingles/repaso-de-grama ca/ejercicios-orden-de-losadje vos-l22488 Aulafacil.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.aulafacil.com/cursos/ingles/repaso-de-grama ca/ejercicios-can-mayl22655

130

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Avi.cuaed.unam.mx. (5 de abril de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/1987/mod_resource/cont ent/17/contenido/index.html Boabloodpashvissanom.hatenablog.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://boabloodpaghvissanom.hatenablog.com/entry/2019/10/15/010259 Bri shcouncil.es. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.bri shcouncil.es/blog/shoulden-ingles Bri shcouncil.es. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.bri shcouncil.es/blog/begoing-to Carranza, A. (3 de mayo de 2022). Crehana.com. Obtenido de h ps://www.crehana.com/co/blog/negocios/adje vos-de-personalidad/ Carranza, A. (3 de mayo de 2022). Ingenierogeek.com. Obtenido de h ps://www.ingenierogeek.com/2013/11/curso-ingles-medio-adje vos-compara vosuso-de-than-less-para-comparar.html Curso-ingles-com. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.cursoingles.com/prac car/ejercicios/impera ve-sentences Cursosonlineyempleos.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://cursosonlineyempleos.com/ejercicios-de-compara vos-en-ingles-grama ca-yerrores-comunes-pdf/ Edworthy, T. (3 de mayo de 2022). Printerest.com. Obtenido de h ps://www.pinterest.com.mx/pin/174373816813022087/ English.lingolia.com. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://english.lingolia.com/es/grama ca/verbos/impera vo/ejercicios Englishclub.com. (6 de enero de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.englishclub.com/eslgames/grammar/adjec ve-order-1-1.htm Englishlive.ef.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://englishlive.ef.com/eses/blog/grama ca-ingles/verbos-en-ingles-impera vo/ Englishspanishlink.com. (5 de agosto de 2021). Obtenido de h ps://www.englishspanishlink.com/ejercicios-ingles/compara ves_4.htm 131

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Englishspanishlink.com. (5 de agosto de 2021). Obtenido de h ps://www.englishspanishlink.com/ejercicios-ingles/superla ve_1.htm Englishspanishlink.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.englishspanishlink.com/ejercicios-ingles/past-simple-ques ons-regular.htm Es.liveworksheets.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://es.liveworksheets.com/sp107006qz Es.liveworksheets.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/M ust_or_mustn't/Must_or_mustn't_(classroom_rules)_lo2137pn Es.liveworksheets.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/M ust_or_mustn't/Who_says_that$_-_must_or_mustn't_mv7319kb Es.liveworksheets.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/M odal_verbs/Can_or_Can't_hk6230xe Es.liveworksheets.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Ha ve_to/Have_to_-_don't_have_to_yt33274sz Eslprintables.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.eslprintables.com/vocabulary_worksheets/face_and_body/palm_reading_ predic ons/Palm_reading_3_pages__116347/ Estudiaringles.online. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.estudiaringles.online/ejercicios-adje vos-compara vos/ Gingerso ware.com. (6 de enero de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.gingerso ware.com/content/grammar-rules/adjec ves/order-ofadjec ves/ Grammar.cl. (9 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.grammar.cl/english/must.htm Idiomas.gcfglobal.org. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://idiomas.gcfglobal.org/es/curso/ingles/b1/uso-de-may-y-might/ 132

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Ingles.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.ingles.com/comparar/very/really#:~:text=%22Very%22%20es%20un%20ad verbio%20que,y%20%22really%22%20a%20con nuaci%C3%B3n.&text=He%20is%20very %20clever%20and,inteligente%20y%20muy%20guapo%20tambi%C3%A9n.

Ingles.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.ingles.com/guia/can-vs-may Inglesclass4.blogspot.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h p://inglesclass4.blogspot.com/p/very-or-really.html Inglesconcambridge.com. (5 de febrero de 2021). Obtenido de h ps://www.inglesconcambridge.com/adje vos-compara vos-superla vos-en-ingles Inglesrapidoyfacil.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2014/01/15/ejercicios-de-compara vosen-ingles-compara ves-exercises-in-english/ Mar nez Cárdenas, J. M., Canales Pérez, A. E., Monjaraz, Z., & Suarez, M. (2021). Inglés I. Sal llo: Ins tuto de Enseñanza Abierta UAdeC. Murphy , R. (2012). English Grammar in Use (Fourth ed.). (C. U. Press, Ed.) China: Cambridge University Press.

Profesor-english.com. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.profesoringles.com/cual-es-la-diferencia-entre-will-y-going-to/ Ringteacher.com. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.ringteacher.com/materialesdidac cos/adje vos-ingles/adje vos-en-ingles/ Schneider , K. (3 de mayo de 2022). Printerest.com. Obtenido de h ps://www.pinterest.com.mx/pin/51369251989380359/ Shertonenglish.com. (3 de julio de 2021). Obtenido de h p://www.shertonenglish.com/resources/es/pronuncia on/pronuncia on-ed.php Superprof.es. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.superprof.es/apuntes/idiomas/ingles/grama cainglesa/adjec ves/exercises-compara ve-adjec ves.html

133

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.

Instituto de Enseñanza Abierta, Unidad Saltillo.

ENGLISH II

Superprof.es. (4 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.superprof.es/apuntes/idiomas/ingles/grama ca-inglesa/verb-tense/simplepast-nega ve.html Superteacherworksheets.com. (3 de julio de 2021). Obtenido de h p://www.superteacherworksheets.com Thats-cool-educa on.com. (5 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://www.thats-cooleduca on.com/orden-de-los-adje vos-en-ingles/ To Learn English. (3 de julio de 2021). Obtenido de h p://tolearnenglish.com Whatsup.es. (6 de enero de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://whatsup.es/blog/90-adje vospersonalidad-ingles-thats-great Whatsup.es. (14 de mayo de 2022). Obtenido de h ps://whatsup.es/blog/will-or-going-tocomo-saber-cualusar#:~:text=Will%20or%20going%20to%20se%20refieren%20a%20hechos%20futuros% 20pero,to%20do%20on%20your%20holidays%3F

134