Interlock Design - Summer 2019 by CMHA

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVEMENT INSTITUTE

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volume 26 number 3

BUTCHART GARDENS: FLOATING ON PAVERS PERMEABLE BASES UNDER PAVERS HARDSCAPE NORTH AMERICA HIGHLIGHTS 3 NEW AEC DAILY CE PRESENTATIONS UPDATED CSA PRODUCT STANDARDS

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EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Charles McGrath, CAE PUBLISHING DIRECTOR: Steven Hawkins EDITORIAL DIRECTOR: David R. Smith Issue 3 • 2019

CONTRIBUTING EDITOR: Robert Bowers, P.Eng. DESIGNER: LLM Publications

The combination of landscaping and concrete pavers caused a visitor to float while being grounded on them.

the

5 contents 04 BUTCHART GARDENS: MAGIC FROM PLANTS AND PAVERS

DEPARTMENTS ICPI Webinar Seminars Register at: www.icpi.org/view/events

02 INTERLOCKUTOR BASIC INGREDIENTS

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Tel 703.657.6900 Fax 703.657.6901 Email icpi@icpi.org ICPI Canada P.O. Box 1150 Uxbridge, ON L9P 1N4 Canada SUBSCRIPTION AND MEMBERSHIP: Qualified design professionals can receive a complimentary subscription—email us at icpi@icpi.org. For further information about this publication or about membership in ICPI, write to the appropriate address, call 703.657.6900 or fax 703.657.6901. Send story submissions for consideration to dsmith@icpi.org. Manage your subscription at www.icpi.org. Interlock Design is published quarterly by the members of the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI) for producers, suppliers, contractors, specifiers and users of interlocking concrete pavements. The opinions expressed in Interlock Design articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the editor or ICPI.

12 CONTRACTOR’S CORNER CONTRACTORS BEWARE: PERMEABLE BASES UNDER INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS 16 KNOWLEDGE BASE 2019 HNA OVERVIEW: EXPAND INSTALLATION SKILL VIA DEMOS, EDUCATIONAL SESSIONS AND SHOW EXHIBITS FOR CONTRACTORS AND DESIGNERS

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20 KNOWLEDGE BASE AEC DAILY POSTS NEW CONTINUING EDUCATION PROGRAMS ON ICP AND PICP 22 KNOWLEDGE BASE CANADIAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION UPDATES PAVER AND SLAB PRODUCT STANDARDS 24 MAIN EVENTS 25 ADVERTISER INDEX

ADVERTISING

Ronnie Jacko ronnieJ@llmpubs.com | 503-445-2234 DESIGN

Stephanie Pendell stephanie@llmpubs.com The acceptance of advertising in Interlock Design magazine does not constitute or imply the endorsement or recommendation by ICPI or its members, staff, editors or the publishers of any product or service mentioned, referenced or advertised in the publication. ICPI accepts no responsibility for any claims made in any advertisement. ICPI further reserves the right to refuse to accept any advertisement. ISSN 1087-9862 ©2019 Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute. Visit our website at www.icpi.org.

interlockutor Issue 3 • 2019

Basic Ingredients grid units, and other paving products. ICPI has conducted the survey for the past 20 years. Here are some trends: From 1997 to 2000, the industry sales grew about 47%. Sales increased to about 70% residential with the remaining going to commercial and municipal uses. 1999 saw over 400 million sf of concrete pavers made in the U.S. and Canada. 2002 saw residential sales decrease to 65% and commercial/municipal increase to 35%, then residential sales flipped back to over 70% the next year. 2004 saw that percentage increase to 77%. 2006 saw that increase further to 80%. That year, ICPI began surveying slabs and pavers made for permeable applications. Slabs held about 7% of all sales and permeable pavers were around 2%. Sales had almost doubled to about 800 million sf. Then the great recession of 2008–2011 saw a 40% contraction of the entire construction industry including those who make and install concrete paving units. A bright light among some companies, while struggling to restructure, was the continued sales of permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP) and paving slabs. Coming out of the recession, we’ve seen the industry come back to prerecession paver sales levels between 700 and 800 million square feet. Since 2012, the percentage sold to residential uses has been consistently in the high 70s to 80%.

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David R. Smith

Every spring, the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI) conducts a survey of sales by paver manufacturers in the U.S. and Canada. The survey is sent to all paver manufacturers. The response is consistently from a mix of manufacturers. These include family-owned companies, regional organizations with several manufacturing facilities, and national scale companies. Besides concrete paver sales, information is gathered by a third-party survey company on sales of paving slabs,

Basic Installation Training Near Atlanta, Georgia Hosted by Goodwill Industries.

Last year, paver sales were estimated at around 750 million sf with over 6% of paver sales being suitable for PICP applications and almost 10% of sales was paving slabs. While sales have been restored to pre-recession levels, the industry is facing two shortages, one that can be impacted and the other cannot: i.e. contractor labor shortages and increased rainfall which equals fewer work days. Since the start of 2019, labor shortages are being aggressively addressed in three ways by ICPI. First Bootcamp training programs provide training for novice installers to see who might be interested in moving into paver installation. Seven of these have been held with approximately 40 participants. A second program aims at delivering instruction to landscape instructors in colleges and universities. Instruction includes a free license to use ICPI installer certification instructional materials in classrooms. ICPI classes have engaged 49 instructors from 43 U.S. and Canadian post-secondary colleges in licenses. If interested, contact ICPI. Finally, a significant social media campaign will soon be launched toward high school students. The message extolls the benefits of a hardscaping career and how to enter it. Benefits include working outside, seeing projects built from start to completion (with associated bragging rights), and eventually owning a hardscaping company. The message of self-sufficiency is particularly salient to the rising workforce. A potential career path with ICPI training is presented here. Where will we be ten years from now? Sales around 1.5 billion sf? Another 5,000 folks in the workforce with many owning hardscaping companies? Commercial/municipal sales at 35%? The basic ingredients to help ensure a bigger future are taking shape so this future is more than likely. In the meantime, let’s hope it doesn’t rain quite so much.

Issue 3 • 2019

 COVER STORY

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Editor’s note: Interlock Design features hardscape projects highlighting the benefits of interlocking concrete pavements with technical design aspects contributing to each project’s success. This month, we take a more personal look at concrete pavers at a historic attraction that enhances visitor experience and exemplifies the impact pavers on people.

Magic from Plants and Pavers

By David R. Smith

ne of the advantages of traveling on business is the opportunity to tack on vacation time to explore a place not visited previously, or seen years ago remembered with fading memories that need restoring. An opportunity arose in summer 2018 while in Vancouver, British Columbia on business. (Incidentally, Vancouver is a paver-intense city thanks to the high value placed by its citizens on sidewalks and public spaces.) The hotel concierge beckoned with a day tour to re-visit lovely Victoria, the provincial capital of British Columbia. The itinerary for the trip included a ferry ride to and from mainland BC and Vancouver Island,

where Victoria is located, with a stop at The Butchart Gardens. The main reason for choosing the tour was to visit lovely Victoria again. Graced with some attractive â&#x20AC;&#x192; Continues on page 6

A glass orca greets visitors with the provincial capital buildings in the background.

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municipal gardens, the tourist city is known as “The Garden City.” Little did I know that The Butchart Gardens nearby presented a wonderful surprise packaged as 55 acres (22 ha) of superbly designed and impeccably kept gardens. The Butchart Gardens boasts five themed areas featuring different flowers, shrubs, ground covers, and trees that combine to spotlight a particular type of plant and create a sense of place. The place exudes landscape architecture, i.e., plants organized to make spaces evoking emotions of awe and wonder. Not surprisingly, concrete pavers in the entrance and paths visually tie together the themed gardens. A self-guided “tour” in The Gardens results in being caught up in an almost surreal smorgasbord of visual delights. You are taken to breathtaking, transcendent places, repeatedly.

All the while, the pavers gently remind your feet they are on solid ground, still attached to planet earth, while gently nudging you to continue to the next place and pause to take in another visual high. You float while grounded. From a practical perspective, concrete pavers improve accessibility for all that gravel or mulch can’t offer. In the early 1980s, I visited a limestone quarry and cement plant in Southwest Virginia. The place was technically fascinating but a visual and environmental horror show. As a former quarry and cement plant, The Butchart Gardens gave me hope that exhausted quarries are redeemable because The Gardens were once a quarry owned by the Butcharts. Watch the video on the next page to see how a hole in a quarry is transformed at The Gardens.

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The Gardens’ entrance greets visitors with a plethora of plants and pavers.

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Japanese Garden

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The Sunken Garden

Here are some of The Gardens’ places: In 1906, Jennie Butchart, one of the original owners, started the Japanese Garden on the property, which served as the site for the Butchart home. This was the start of transforming the property from a cement company on a limestone quarry. Today, the lush one-acre garden features 500 Rhododendrons and Azaleas, 74 Japanese Maples, and about 650 feet of flowing streams. The Sunken Garden was created on the site of the owners’ limestone quarry when cement production ceased in 1912. The five-acre garden took nine years to create, includes 151 flower beds, and requires 65,000 bulbs for each spring’s display. The Italian Garden was completed in 1926 and features 21,780 sf of gardens, 18 flower beds, and 85 varieties of plants—all located on the property’s former tennis court. The Rose Garden, with seven types of roses, 280 varieties, 2,500 rose plants, and 30 rose arches, was built in 1929. The newest garden—the Mediterranean Garden—was built in 2002. Tucked into a space by the parking lot, the garden features exotic plants from around the world that include nine garden beds, 110 plant varieties, and one Giant Agave Plant. Continues on page 10

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The Butchart Gardens Timeline

1904

Over a million visitors walk through The Butchart Gardens annually which requires up to 600 staff members to operate during peak season. Fifty full-time gardeners provide maintenance with support from 20 seasonal gardeners. All draw on 26 greenhouses to help supply and maintain the 55 acres of public gardens.

Coming from Ontario, husband and wife, Robert and Jennie Butchart moved to Vancouver Island to build a cement plant on a rich limestone deposit at Tod Inlet.

1929

1912

Between 1906 and 1929, the Butcharts expanded The Gardens, designing the Japanese Garden on the seaside, the Italian Garden on their former tennis court, and the fragrant, overflowing Rose Garden.

As cement production exhausted the limestone deposits, Jennie envisioned a grand garden in its place and began transferring topsoil there by horse and cart. Little by little, the quarry blossomed into today’s Sunken Garden.

1939

1977

Given The Gardens on his 21st birthday, grandson Ian Ross transformed it into the world-renowned attraction known today, adding outdoor concerts and night lighting in the summer, and the Magic of Christmas in the winter.

Great-grandson Christopher began producing a choreographed firework show every year. In 2009, his sister, and current owner of The Gardens, Robin, added the Children’s Pavilion and Menagerie Carousel.

2019

2004

Today, The Butchart Gardens is a National Historic Site of Canada. You’ll find remnants of the original cement factory and millions of live plants in over 900 varieties to energize floating while the concrete pavers keep you grounded.

Two Totem Poles were carved in Classic Coast Salish style by Master Carvers Charles Elliot of the Tsartlip Nation and Doug La Fortune of Tsawout Band. These were dedicated on September 9, 2004 not only to celebrate the 100th anniversary of The Butchart Gardens but also in recognition of the rich cultural heritage provided by Indigenous People. Excerpted from: “Our Story,” The Butchart Gardens website.

My favorite, however, was the Japanese Garden. I have been to Japan twice and seen many fine gardens, but most were on level ground. This Japanese garden was on a slope and the design took advantage of the topography and downhill water flows. The meandering movement and sound of water going downhill was as contemplative as the garden itself.

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Issue 3 • 2019

CONTRACTOR’S corner

Contractors Beware: Permeable Bases Under Interlocking Concrete Pavements In some regions of the US and Canada, there are trends towards using open-graded bedding and base aggregates on concrete pavers and paving slab projects, especially for residential patios and walkways. Open-graded bedding aggregate is typically ASTM No. 8 or 89 gradations. Base aggregate gradations replicate that for ASTM No. 57 stone or similar. This material is often called open-graded base or OGB. These assemblies aren’t constructed as permeable pavements. They would be considered permeable if the joints contained permeable aggregates such as ASTM No. 8, 89, or 9 gradations. In these systems, the subbase, base, bedding, and jointing aggregates are compatible and meet choke criteria

ASTM No. 8 stone

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ASTM No. 57 stone

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Sand

provided by ICPI. Indeed, there are many resources available on www.icpi.org for permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP) design, construction, and maintenance. There are a few variations on the systems proposed, but they all use concrete sand or stabilized sand to fill the joints while the pavers rest on an open-graded bedding and base. The systems may or may not include geotextile placed under the pavers or under the bedding layer. If the bedding layer under the pavers is ASTM No. 8 or 89 stone, the jointing sand—stabilized or not—will work its way downward, out of the joints and into this layer.

Stabilized or not, joint sand does not choke into ASTM No. 8 stone

Polymeric joint sand worked its way into opengraded bedding stone resulting in loss of interlock.

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ICPI has received several inquiries from contractors and paver manufactures regarding the longevity of this type of assembly. It doesn’t conform to decades of proven construction methods recommended by ICPI as presented in its Tech Specs, website, videos, and in installer courses. By following non-proven installation procedures, contractors may risk system failures, creating costly warranty claims and call backs. The following is a list of details a contractor should review when considering a pavement built with OGB, permeable bedding, and sand joints between the pavers. Reduced or no base compaction is often cited as a benefit of these system. If the OGB is not compacted, then base settlement is almost guaranteed. While gravity is reliable, there is no such thing as ‘self-compacting’ aggregate base. All aggregate bases require sufficient compaction to consolidate the aggregate and reduce the potential for settlement. In addition, the soil subgrade should be compacted. Most OGB used in these applications are 6 to 8 inches (150 to 200 mm) thick. The OGB will act like a

Simple Guideline for Getting One Aggregate to Choke into Another

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This applies to bedding sand and joint sand as well as to permeable bedding and base, base and subbase:

The top sieve size of the material with the smaller gradation shouldn’t be smaller than the second largest sieve size of the material under it.

sponge and draw water into it from the surrounding soil and pavement surface. A perforated underdrain may be needed depending on the imperviousness of the subgrade soil. Water trapped in the OGB will weaken the subgrade and lead to further settlement. Some projects may not consider base drainage design or a saturated, weakened subgrade. OGB next to buildings typically require a waterproof membrane to keep water out of basements and foundations. This is particularly important if the subgrade does not slope away from the foundation. Jointing sand—stabilized or not—will eventually erode and fall into the open-graded aggregate bedding and base layers because the gradation does not meet the choke criteria, noted in the guideline below. Interlock disappears when joint sand is absent. This movement will be accelerated by repetitive loading found on driveways and other vehicular pavements. While there does not appear to be infiltration data available from joint sand stabilization companies, stabilized jointing sand is not very permeable so that implies some surface runoff. All designs must consider safely moving the water away from sloped pavement and buildings. Edge restraints: To what might they be fastened or staked? Dirt? Open-graded base? The former doesn’t hold stakes and the latter won’t accept them. Possible options: geogrid sandwiched to aluminum edging or wrapped around plastic edging. There are other proprietary edge restraints designed to anchor into OGB. Troweled concrete has been suggested. Geotextile could be placed along OGB edges to prevent wet concrete loss into the base. Any instability in the base, however, can mean cracked concrete edge restraints. Regarding costs, OGB is usually more expensive than DGB due to being washed and graded differently than DGB. However, OGB does require less mass to fill the same volume occupied by DGB, and that might yield some cost savings.

OGB may have the advantage of installation during rain. However, compacting it in saturated soils, even when placed over geotextile, can be difficult and result in an uneven surface, placing and compacting more base, and possible settlement later. Wishful thinking on using stabilized jointing sand is that it will somehow stay in the joints. This only occurs where there is something at the bottom of the pavers keeping it from moving downward over time. As a rule of thumb, the largest particle size of the joint sand gradation must not be smaller than one sieve size less than the largest particle size of the bedding sand gradation. This rule helps prevent the joint sand gradation becoming so small that it works its way downward into the bedding sand.

ICPI’s recommendations: 3If 3 OGB will be used, then construct the base, bedding, and pavers with open-graded aggregates as permeable interlocking concrete pavement per ICPI guidelines. See ICPI Tech Spec 18 on PICP construction methods. 3If 3 the pavement isn’t permeable, use dense-graded base or DGB, i.e., state or municipal DOT road base per ICPI guidelines, meaning typically that used under asphalt. This material should not have more than 10% passing the No. 200 sieve. Selecting DGB materials is covered in the ICPI installer course. Use bedding and jointing sand per ICPI guidelines. 3For 3 permeable and non-permeable applications compact the soil subgrade, base, and pavers. Some contractors are reporting success using opengraded bases under sand-filled joints within interlocking concrete pavements, and others have reported almost immediate failures. The ICPI Construction Committee is evaluating projects built with this method to see how they are performing. This may take some time because project owners might be reluctant to open their paver projects to critical inspection. In the meantime, the initial consensus is to never use this method for any pavement subject to vehicles, residential, or commercial.

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KNOWLEDGE base

2019 HNA Overview: Expand Installation Skill via Demos, Educational Sessions, and Show Exhibits for Contractors and Designers

Make plans to join your industry peers October 16 to 18 in Louisville, Kentucky. The 2019 Hardscape North America (HNA) show is a one-stop shop for a whole year’s worth of education and training for company owners, their teams, and suppliers. Watch and learn new skills, see all the latest products and equipment, and network with the best in the industry to receive strategies for taking your manufacturing, contracting, or dealer business to the next level. The following video provides several good reasons to attend. In addition to the 45,000 sf of hardscape displays at HNA, the show’s co-location with GIE+Expo gives attendees access to about 450,000 sf of displays from suppliers to all areas of the landscaping industry.

A major upgrade for conference attendees is the new Hardscape House, which replaces the outdoor area for demonstrations and exhibitor displays. Now impervious to rain, participants can conduct hands-on testing of equipment under the covered Hardscape House. In addition, the ever-popular Hardscape Installer

Championship will take place there, a golden opportunity to see the nation’s best ‘hardscapers’ at work and pick up new tips on installation skills. Watch a high-speed version of a championship contestant below. Continues on page 18

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Indoor and outdoor demos enable some hands-on opportunities.

Besides the outdoor displays, The Hardscape House will feature skills-focused demos including: • Proper Takeoffs, VR Designs, and Layouts • How to Significantly Increase Paver and Slab Installation Efficiency • The New Technology to Increase Your Retaining Wall and Raised Patio Installations

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• Integrating Water Features, Rainwater Harvesting Systems, and Permeable Pavements

NCMA courses are approved for continuing education hours, for Certified Concrete Paver Installer and NCMA SRW Installer Certification/Recertification. In addition to skills-based learning, seven education sessions provide strategies to improve estimating, marketing, employee relations, recruitment and retention, and customer service to help company leaders position their company for growth. Sessions include: • Estimating Hardscape Projects with Confidence

• Outdoor Kitchens and Technology for Rapid Installations

• What Women Want: See Your Business Through a Woman’s Eye

• Hardscapes and System Automation: Outdoor Sound, Lighting, and Fire Features

• Finding the Next Generation of Hardscape Installers

Pre-show ICPI installer courses on Tuesday before the show give contractors and their crews an opportunity to earn industry credentials that lead to ICPI certification and specialist designations. Besides learning more labor and cost-saving methods, the course credentials from ICPI help differentiate companies from competitors. For ICPI and NCMA certified installers, advanced ICPI and

• Growing Your Hardscape Company 535% Using Today’s Tech Tools • What You Can Learn from Shark Tank • Customer Service Workshop • Manage, Motivate & Prepare Your Hardscape Crew for Success • Free Sessions and Demos with Continuing Education

This session focused on outdoor kitchens and patios. Demos cover money-saving equipment.

Credit Hours offered to Design Professionals and Municipal Employees First-time licensed design professionals and municipal employees qualify for a complimentary trade show admission and VIP Pass that enables free entry to any of the above education sessions and demos. Click here for design professionals and here for municipal officials to complete a registration form and return by email. Sessions and demos are AIA and ASLA LACES approved

for continuing education credit hours. Each one earns one credit hour. Attendees can maximize the participation at HNA by downloading the HNA app before arriving. The 2019 Go HNA mobile app puts the entire trade show at your fingertips. The free app can be found in the App store and Google Play. Attendees can navigate with show maps for HNA and GIE+EXPO, search for exhibitors and products, and plan each dayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s seminar and demo schedules. When designing your conference schedule, donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t forget to allow time for fun that includes free concerts on 4th Street in downtown Louisville on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday evenings, the Hardscape Installer Championship, and the HNA Awards presentations that recognizes the finest hardscape project designs.

50% off

For schedule and registration details, and to take advantage of 50% off trade show passes through October 13, visit www.hardscapena.com.

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KNOWLEDGE base AEC Daily Posts New Continuing Education Programs on ICP and PICP

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AEC Daily, the well-known continuing education provider for licensed design professionals with over 100,000 subscribers, recently posted three new presentations developed by the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute. Two are on interlocking concrete pavement (ICP) focusing on writing guide specifications and another on inspecting ICP construction.

The third walks through design basics for permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP). These are now aligned with three other AEC Daily presentations that appeared about a year ago. All six presentations are labeled so they can be taken—at the option of the user—in the following order:

To view the programs, click here.

• ICP 1: Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavements • ICP 2: Specifications for Interlocking Concrete Pavements • ICP 3: Inspection of Interlocking Concrete Pavement Systems • PICP 1: Design Fundamentals of Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements • PICP 2: Inspection of Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement Systems • PICP 3: Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement Maintenance Each program is approved by AIA and ASLA continuing education programs for one continuing education hour. ICP 1 on structural design is eligible for 1.25 hours. All programs qualify for health, safety, and welfare education credits. PICP 1 on design fundamentals and PICP 3 on maintenance earn USGBC continuing education credits for LEED® Accredited Professionals. Besides architects and landscape architects, the courses also may be taken by civil engineers to earn professional development hours. Some programs include videos and each includes quizzes throughout and at the end. Since their placement on the AEC Daily website last year, the presentations have attracted over 1,200 design professionals who have worked through the courses to earn continuing education credits.

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KNOWLEDGE base Canadian Standards Association Updates Paver and Slab Product Standards The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) is preparing to release the third edition of A231.1 Precast Concrete Paving Slabs and A231.2 Precast Concrete Pavers. Updated from the 2014 versions, A231 Committee Chair Robert Bowers, P. Eng. noted substantive improvements due to a significant amount of work by his committee of 20 members from across Canada. CSA committees must have balance of representatives from industry, users, and those with general interest.

Mr. Bowers noted the most significant changes: • The language and structure of A231.1 and A231.2 mirror each other as much as possible. • Face mix pavers are specifically identified as within the scope of the standard. Face mix pavers typically have a 5 to 10 mm layer of sand with high cement content for increased pigment intensity and to accommodate architectural treatments such as unique aggregates often treated with hammering or polishing.

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• A manufacturer’s family of segmental paving units of various sizes made with a consistent mix design and production method can be tested for compliance by testing one representative size.

then placing this into a freeze-thaw chamber and exposing it to 49 freeze and thaw cycles. Paving Slabs are now tested using a coupon cut from a slab and completely immersed in a 3% saline solution and placed through 49 freeze and thaw cycles. This test method provides a high assurance of winter durability of slabs as well as for pavers. • The minimum average flexural strength of concrete slabs was increased to 5 MPa or 725 psi, identical to that required in ASTM C1782 Segmental Concrete Paving Slabs.

• Product testing for production sampling by manufacturers can be used as a basis for compliance with products under A231.1 and A231.2.

• Concrete paving units that do not meet the definition of a paver but meet the definition of a slab, except for minimum face area or aspect ratio (e.g. planks), can be tested as a slab for compliance to A231.1.

• The freeze-thaw durability test for paving slabs has been replaced by the test method previously only used for pavers. Paving slabs were previously tested using a scaling test that required building a small dike to contain a 3% saline solution on the slab’s wearing surface,

A231.1 was initially published in 1972 and A231.2 in 1985. The 2019 edition includes both product standards plus non-mandatory annexes on efflorescence, installation, and design considerations. The entire document consists of 58 pages and can be purchased from CSA here.

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Issue 3 • 2019

THE MAIN EVENTS

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the MAIN events EVENTS DATE

EVENT

LOCATION

October 15–16

Concrete Paver Installer Course – ICPI

Louisville, KY

October 15–16

Concrete Paver Installer Spanish Course – ICPI

Louisville, KY

October 15–16

Residential Specialist Course – ICPI

Louisville, KY

October 15–16

Commercial Specialist Course – ICPI

Louisville, KY

October 16

PICP Specialist Course – ICPI

Louisville, KY

October 16–18

2019 Hardscape North America Trade Show

Louisville, KY

October 29–30