Morality
MoralphilosophyisveryimportanttothesuccessofanindividualBut,beforeItellyouwhymoral philosophyissoimportant,andhowithashelpedmeinmylife,letmegiveyoualittlebackground knowledge.Rationalknowledgehastwocomponents.Thesecomponentsarematerialandformal. Formalknowledgeisnotobjectoriented,andisbasedonreason.Formalknowledgeislogic,orthe lawsofthought.Materialknowledgeisobjectoriented,andhastwocomponents.Thesetwo componentsarenaturalandmoralNaturallawisphysics
Itdetermineswhatisthecase,andhowthingsbehaveinnature.Ontheotherhand,morallaw determineswhatthingsoughttobe.Moralityissomethinghumansthinkabout,andis...showmore content
So,toansweryourquestion,Icare.Andforthatmatter,Ibetifyouwereinvolvedinthissituation, youwouldcare.
NowIwanttotellyouanobviousreasonwhyyoushouldcare.Thismaybesoobviousthatyou overlookeditManyofournationslawsarebasedonmoralissuesForinstance,youcan'thurt anotherhuman;youcan'tstealfromanotherhuman;andyoucan'tkillanotherhumanbeing.Now, youmaysay,"Ialreadyknowthis!"But,ifeverybodyknewthis,wouldweneedjails?Letmeask youaquestion.Howsuccessfulcanyoubeinjail?Mypointwiththisquestionistogetyouto realizethatyoucan'tbesuccessfulinjail.
Nobodygrowsupsayingthattheycan'twaittogotojailbecausetheyknowthatitistheplacetobe. Nobodysaysthatiftheycouldjustgetinjailtheyknowthattheycouldbethebestprisoner,and couldhavethebiggestcellThismaybetakingimmoralitytoanextreme,butithappensAn immorallifecouldsendapersontojail.Icantellyousomeoftheconsequencesofanimmorallife, butIcan'tmakeyoubemoral.Moralityisnotimposeduponyoubysociety.Moralityisself imposed;itissomethinginus,anddefineswhatconstitutesahumanbeing.
IamsurethatmanyofyouhaveparticipatedinteamsportsNowevenifyouhaveagoodgame, maybeyouscoredallofthepoints,andtheteam
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OlympianmoralitywaspotentinancientGreeksocietyyetitisincompletebytoday'smoral standardsofwhatisacceptable.Modernmoralityisnotonlytaughtthroughactions,storiesor experienceshoweverconstructedbythefeelingswithin.Inboth,TheIliadandtheHesiod,external actionsarethemostimportanthowever,withoutlogos,alookintothesoulnodecisionsaremadeby choiceEris,theforceofpullingapartandEros,theforceofpushingtogetherwerevitalpiecesin theaspectofmoralitythroughtraditionalGreeksociety.Ancientmoralitycombinedwithnatural scienceandlogoscreatesabalancethatallowsforperfectmoralstructure.Olympianmoralitywas builtupontheaspectthattheGodsdeterminedhumanexistenceshowmorecontent Socratesbelievedthatjusticeanddesirecouldnotbedeterminedwithoutreasonandlogic(Reno). GoingalongwithSocratesideas,ErisandEroscanbeconfinedinthesoulbutthestructureof Olympianmoralitywillneverbedestroyed.DestroyingEriswouldalsodestroyErosandnotonly wouldnobadexist,butnothinggoodwouldexisteither.ThereforetheSophist'smentalitycould neverbecomethementalityinwhichsocietyisdrivenbyIfallgoodandbadwereremovedfrom societytherewouldbenothingtofueldesires,hopes,dreams,hardshipsoremotions.Preludingto theTrojanWar,Helenisalwaysproperty.NeveronceischoiceanoptionofHelens.Sheisgivenas aprize,atrophy,totheonewhowilltriumphovertheother(Homer).Nooneconsideredasking Helenwhatshetrulydesired;thereforetosettletheissue,menwerekilledinwarfaretocometoa conclusionthatshouldhavebeendeterminedbychoiceWomenwerenotdeemedimportantfigures inancientsocietyandmenruledtheworldinwhichtheylived.UntilSocraticideals,onecansay thatwomenwereonlythepropertyofmen.Socratestriedtoexploretheworldoffemininityand discoverthesoul;hewaskilledforbelievingthatthereismoretoanindividualthenwhatthedivine interprets(Plato'sApology).Unlikeancienttimes,awarofnationswouldnotbreakoutovera romanticconflictbecausewomenandmencanchoosewhomtheylove.Logichasallowedmodern
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Ethicsaredefinedas"moralprinciples,asofanindividual."Givingdroppedmoneybacktoablind manisanexampleofgoodethics.Ibelieveinhavingastrongsenseofethics.Moralityormorals canbedefinedas"of,relatingto,orconcernedwiththeprinciplesorrulesofrightconductorthe distinctionbetweenrightandwrong."Ibelievehavingagoodmoralsenseiscrucialtoparticipatein theworldWithoutone,youcanmakealotofpeopleangry,youcouldgetfiredfromajob,oryou couldevengetthrowninjail.Legalityorthelawswhichgovernusarerulesweareforcedtolive by.Theykeepusinlineandstopusfromdoingunjustthings.IbelieveintheJudeo–Christianlaws ofourcountryPeoplewhodon'tabidebythestrongmoralsofourcountry,orwhoareunethical, havethecapacitytodamageoursociety.
ThedifferencebetweenEthics,Morals,andLawsisslim.Moralsmakeupethics.Legalitytakes ethicalpracticesandtellsyouthingsyoucan'tdobasedonwhatsocietythinksofasrightand wrong.
ComputerhackingcanbebothethicalandunethicalEthicalhackingiswhensomethingishacked legallyandhelpsbetterthecommunity.Forexample,operatingsystemsareusuallyhackedbytheir creatorstoseewhatthevulnerabilitiesare.Thentheyarefixedorpatched.
Themostseriousissueinthecomputerworld(andinthepresidentialrace)isunethicalhacking. Unethicalhackingiswhensomeonestealsdatafortheirowngain,orwhensomeone ...Getmorecontent...
MoralityandReligionDebate
Inanorganizedreligiondebate,AlanDershowitzandAlanKeyescontendedmanyissueson religionandmorality.AlanDershowitz,aHarvardlawprofessor,believedthat"moralitycanbe maintainedwithoutreligion"Healsostatedthatitmustbemaintainedwithoutreligionbecause timeshavechanged.Hesaidthatifreligionisnotseparatedfromstateitcouldhaveseveredamage, suchastheCrusadesandtheHolocaust.Dershowitzbelievesthatthereisadifferencebetween moralityandreligionWhenpeoplearemoralwithoutreligion,theyarebeingvirtuousontheirown, notbecausetheyareafraidofGod.HestatedthatreligionshouldnotconsistofaCost–Benefit Analysis.AlanKeyes,aformershowmorecontent
Dershowitzsaid,inreturn,thatpeoplearenotmoralifthesolereasonforthemdoingitwastogetto heaven.Dershowitzstated"doingtherightthingbecauseitistherightthingismorepowerfulthan doingitbecausesomeonehigherthanyousaysso"Fowler'stheoryemphasisesontheformoffaith, notonaparticularbeliefsystem.Hebelievedthatfaithcouldbereligiousornon–religious,suchas God,science,orhumanity.Throughouthissixstages,helinksreligion(faith)withmorality,and howapersonbecomesincreasinglymoralastheygrowolderandlearnmoreaboutfaith.The relationshipbetweenreligionandmoralityhasexistedthroughoutalltime,andithascostmany senselessdeathsandwarsTheCrusadeswereamajorexampleofhowreligioncanbeviewed negativelyinpolitics.DershowitzbelievedthatiftheCrusadeswereright,whyweretherenot counter–Crusades?Keyesretortedthateveryonehastoberesponsibleandaccountable.Hebelieved thatthehorriblethingsdoneinthenameofreligionwerejustourworld'sfallennatureFurthermore, DershowitzbelievedthattheBiblewasagreatsourceforhomophobia,sexinequality,racism,and egocentrism.DershowitzandFowlerbelievedthattheBibleisonesourceofmorality,nottheonly. AlanKeyesavoidedtheanswer,andhesaidthathismoralitycomesfromtheDeclarationof Independence.Whenitstates"allmen
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Moralityisdefinedasasystemorcodethatwehumansusetodifferentiatebetweenrightand wrong.Thissystemcouldbederivedfromanumberoffactors:religion,culture,andupbringing.It isdifficultenoughtodeterminewhatanindividual'smoralsare,butgoingfurthertodeterminehow wecametopossessthosemoralsisevenmoreambitious.Still,regardlessofitsdifficulty,this subjectconsumesmanyphilosophersandpsychologistsOnesuchmoralpsychologists,Jonathan Haidt,istheorizingthepossibilityofevolutioncausingonesmorality.Haidtisamoralpsychologist attheUniverstiyofVirginafurtherbelievesthatcomplexsocialstructuressuchasreligionand politicsaswellasourneedforsocialstructuresaffectshowmorecontent
Oneistheancientsystem,asystemthatdevelopedbeforehumanscouldspeak.Thissystemdrives ouremotions.Itiswiththissystemthathumansreceivedtheirinstinctualreactionstospecific situations;itisthesesortsof"gutreactions"thatenabledhumansurvivalinancienttimes.Theother isamodernsystem,asystemthatinitiatedwhenlanguagewasinvented.Thissystem,heexplains,is moreassociatedwithourabilitytoreasonandjudgeThissystemallowsustoquestionour instinctualreactionsanddeterminesomeexplanationastowhywefeelaparticularway.However, hefeelsthatthesetwocomplexsystemsaresubconsciouslyactivewithintheindividual;hedoesnot believethatpeopleareawareoftheseconceptsaffectingtheirmorality.Thesetwosystemsarethe keyoranswertowhymoraldumbfoundingoccurs.Itoccurswhenthetwosystemsconflictwhen reasoningcannotexplainyourinitialreactionFurthermore,Haidtbelievesthatemotionsarelinked moretoone'ssubconscious,whilereasoningislinkedtoone'sconsciousness.Hebelievesmost philosophyfocusestoomuchontheconsciouswhileunderestimatingthepowerofthesubconscious. Inregardstohisexperimenttestingone'sdisgustforeatingone'spet,hebelievesthisdisgust originatedinancienttimeswhenpeoplefirstbegantoeatmeat.Whenbeginningthistradition, peoplehadto
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Moralityinitsbasicdefinition,istheknowledgebetweenwhatisrightandwhatiswrong.InJoan Didion'sessay,"OnMorality,"sheusesexamplestoshowhowmoralityisusedtojustifyactions anddecisionsbypeople.Sheexplainsthatmoralitycanhaveaprofoundeffectonthedecisionsthat peoplechosetomake.Ithinkthatmoralityisanideathatisdifferentforeveryindividualbasedon moralsandbackground
InJoanDidion'spiece,"OnMorality,"sheobjectivitythinksthateveryindividualhasadifferent conceptionofmoralityShebelievesthateachindividualhastheirownmeaningofmoralityandthat peopleusetheirownpersonalmeaningstojustifyrightversuswronginlife.IagreewithJoan Didionthatpeopledeterminewhatisconsideredtobemoralintheirownopinions.Overall,I believethatmoralityexistsandthatitisdefineddifferentlybyeachindividual.Ibelievethat humanscollectivelyrequiremoralityinordertopreventchaosandthateveryonedefineswhatis rightbytheirownpersonalopinionOverall,asasociety,Ibelievethatmoralityisneededtodrawa thinlinebetweentherightandwrongwhethertheyarebasedonlawormorals.
Inordertoillustrateherpoint,DidionusesKlausFuchsandAlfredRosenbergasexamples.Fuchs wasaBritishtraitorwholeakednuclearsecretstotheSovietswhileRosenbergwasaNazi administratorwhowasapartoftheheinousandmurderousactsduringWorldWarIIDidionadds thequote,"I
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