Operation Instructions

Turn master switch key, located in operator's compartment to the "ON" position. Pull throttle lever back to full speed position if engine is cold (1/4 speed position, if engine is warm).

Turn ignition key to the start position. When the engine starts, release the key. Immediately pull throttle lever into low idle. Then set at one half speed. Maintain one half maximum speed until coolant temperature gauge needle moves from its minimum position.

WARNING Do not use the starting motor more than 30 seconds without a pause of two minutes, to allow it to cool. Do not leave the key switch in the "RUN" position without the engine running! Damage to the electric fuel lift pump can result.

It is extremely important to allow the engine to run for three to five minutes at 1/4 to 1/2 throttle to permit the lubrication oil to warm and circulate freely through the bearings. This procedure is mandatory for cold weather starting.

Check engine lubricating oil pressure. With engine running at high speed and the coolant at normal operating temperature, oil pressure must be within normal operating range. When the oil is cold no pressure may be indicated on the gauge for several seconds after the engine starts. If the pressure does not rise to normal or above, after a few seconds, the engine must be stopped immediately and the cause found and corrected. Check the transmission fluid pressure. Within a few seconds after the engine starts the transmission oil pressure gauge must registered in or near the green range. STARTING ENGINE 1-Start the engine and keep it running at idle speed for three to four minutes, before moving the throttle lever up.

2-Do not accelerate the engine just after starting, because the bearings and turbocharger lubrication could be inadequate.

STOPPING THE ENGINE Before shutting down the engine, keep it running a few minutes at low idle speed to permit turbocharger deceleration, cooling and stabilization. Avoid shutting off the engine at a high speed, because the turbocharger shaft bearings will be damaged due to lubrication deficiency.

CHANGING ENGINE SPEEDS Prolonged engine idling causes engine coolant operating temperature to fall below operating range. Since engines are readily started, there should be no reason for prolonged engine idling. Stop the engine when prolonged idling period would occur. However, if it is necessary to keep the engine running, it should be run at a speed fast enough to maintain normal oil pressure and engine coolant temperature. Place the transmission control lever in the neutral position and apply the parking brake. Lower the moldboard to the ground. Do not leave the machine running unattended.

This machine and its attachments should be operated only by a qualified operator stationed at the operator's controls either seated or standing as conditions require.

The use of seat belts is required on ROPS equipped machines.

Before starting the machine, check, adjust and lock the operator's seat assembly for maximum comfort and control of the machine.

This machine is equipped with power steering which is effective only when the engine is running. If the engine fails, stop the machine immediately.

For emergency stops, apply foot brakes as required or pull parking/emergency brake lever.

Check wheel fasteners and/or rim lugs at the start of each shift. Tighten according to procedure and specifications.

Always travel with the scarifier, ripper and/or dozer blade in the full raised position and lowered to the ground when parked.

Use extra care when using down pressure on the blade when working on hills, banks and slopes.

WARNING

When the Grader wheels have been turned to the maximum (in either direction), do not continue to turn the steering wheel in the same direction (it causes unnecessary wear on pump and valve components).

Avoid excessive spinning of all wheels.

To place the machine in motion, raise moldboard, release handbrake, shift into the desired range and direction and move the throttle lever to meet the starting requirments.

Subsequent range changes will be governed by the speed attained or desired.

Select a transmission range which will maintain engine speed appropriate for the load required. Low engine speed can be corrected by down-shifting or lightening the load. Over speeding of the engine should be avoided. Slow the machine by applying the brakes (only drag the cutting edge of moldboard as a last resort).

Improper shifting can result in injury to the operator as well as damage to the engine and the transmission. Observe the following instructions: 1- Down shift only when the ground speed for the selected range has been achieved. 2- Down shift only one range at a time. 3- AWD (OPT RG170, RG200) will not engage or disengage at speeds above two mph.

ALL WHEEL DRIVE (OPT RG170, RG200) Operation of the AWD system in forward is accomplished by communication between the Forward Control Box and the TCU. Engine speed, transmission rotation proportional to ground speed, directional selection, AWD control setting and eighth gear selection are all sensed and evaluated. A current is sent to proportional solenoids in the AWD variable displacement pump. A cylinder integral with the pump then moves a plate to provide flow volume commensurate with ground speed. In reverse the AWD system acts like a differential.

WARNING

Do not coast the machine at any time with the transmission in neutral.

Do not attempt to decelerate on grades by shifting. Decelerate the engine and apply the foot brakes.

Anticipate grades before starting down. Select the proper gear range to maintain the control.

Engage transmission to start up only when the engine is at low idle.

Down or up shift only one range at a time and only when the speed of the machine approximates the speed of the next range.

Always turn AWD (OPT RG170, RG200) off while "Roading" the motor grader.

TOWING

WARNING

Do not start suddenly at full throttle against a tow chain or cable. Take up slack carefully. Only designated towing or pulling attachments points should be used for towing or pulling operations.

Do not tow the grader when the engine is not operating.

Use care in making attachment.

The transmission range and engine speed should be set before beginning the grading operation. Never overload the moldboard, so that the rear wheels begin to slip. This not only alters the grade but causes unnecessary wear and damage to rear tires.

Increasing the blade angle (putting one blade tip farther forward than the other tip) will reduce the load. The blade should be set to cast the dirt either inside or outside of the rear wheels, not under the wheels unless it is for compaction purposes. Cast the material between the rear wheel. The first cut should be light enough to maintain control of the grader and cut a straight ditch line. When the material accumulates under the machine, it should be casted aside before taking another cut in ditch line. The deeper ditch requires more side casting of material.

If a "V" ditch is required, each side of the ditch must be cut alternately to permit the front and rear wheels to travel in the center of the ditch.

The moldboard pitch can be changed to suit various operations. When the top of the moldboard is tilted forward the cutting edge will not slice the material, but push it. This is advantageous when pushing dirt from one location to another. Tilting the top of the moldboard to the back will angle the cutting edge so that it will slice and create a bite into the material. This can be advantageous in heavy material because the material will roll against the moldboard, breaking it up and making it easier to move. When it is necessary to cast material over the edge of a fill, side shift the moldboard to its extreme, so that the grader wheels are not on edge of the fill. The weight of the machine could cause the edge to give way endangering the operator. Articulation also helps in this situation.

When grading a road shoulder, it may be necessary to grade around objects, such as mailboxes abutments or utility poles. the moldboard can be side shifted around the object without changing the grade level.

Using the moldboard to back drag material should be avoided if possible. This can cause heavy wear on the moldboard guides and possibly damage the side shift cylinder piston rod. If back dragging cannot be avoided, make certain material does not contact the positioning piston rod.

Worn or poorly adjusted moldboard guides will cause an unstable moldboard for fine grading. BANK OR BACK SLOPING

To position the moldboard (in this case to the right side) proceed as follows:

1-Turn the circle until blade is at a right angle (900) to the grader.

When making heavy cuts or moving heavy loads that tend to side shift the grader, lean the front wheels toward the load to counteract side shift.

When starting a ditch, position moldboard so that one cutting edge (right or left) is directly behind and 3 in (76 mm) below the front wheel, with the other end of the blade as high as possible.

WARNING

Use AWD (OPT RC170, RC200) only when working conditions are suitable. Blade positioned at right angle (900) to grader

2-Side shift the blade to the extreme right, then side shift the circle until the cylinder rod shows about a 5 inch (127 mm) extension. Lower the moldboard to the ground.

Blade positioned at right side to grader

3-Disengage the saddle lock pins. Using the blade lift levers, extend the right blade lift cylinder rod and retract the left blade lift cylinder rod (moldboard on the ground). After the saddle has been rotated to the desired position (fully for 900 position), align the saddle pin holes (by sight) and re-engage the saddle lock pins.

Rotating saddle (three and five position saddle) 4-Raise the blade slightly from the ground, then raise the right end of the blade while turning the circle so that right end of the blade moves toward the right front of the grader (this will keep the left end of the blade from hitting the ground).

At the same time, shift the circle to the right (this will pivot the complete circle/blade assembly upward).

NOTE: As the left end of the blade is raised from the ground, it is necessary to lower the left end of the blade and raise the right end of it at the same time.

Blade at 900 bank slope intermediate position

5-Continue the operation (as in item 4) until the moldboard is positioned as in the photo. Then turn the blade (using the circle turn) to the desired position.

IMPORTANT: When cutting a bank an excellent blade control can be obtained using the wheel lean to push the blade toward or away from the bank.

When operating a grader and a sharp non-articulated turn is to be made, reduce speed and lean the front wheels in the direction of the turn. After completing the turn, straighten the front wheels to the normal position and resume normal speed.

Circle positioning (three and five position saddle)

SCARIFY

To scarify a surface it is advised to use all the teeth with less penetration than to use less teeth with deeper penetration. It is advantageous to break the surface material in smaller bits.

Use the lowest speed (first or second gear) with high engine speed to maintain better control of the grader and to provide good breaking of the surface material.

The scarifier teeth must be in good condition for best results. Never back drag the scarifier teeth. This can seriously damage the tool bar. When driving a grader on the road from one location to another, carry the moldboard within the wheel width and raised as high as possible to prevent accidents.

When driving or operating the grader in traffic always set the hand throttle at low idle. Select the gear range desired, then use the accelerator/ decelerator pedal to change the machine's road speed.

Be sure that the engine speed control system is functioning properly, so that the engine speed returns to idle when the operator takes his foot from the accelerator/decelerator pedal.

When driving the grader on the roadway, obey all traffic regulations and be aware of other traffic. Be prepared for any emergency.

If the grader is used in congested areas or roads, put adequate warning signs to prevent accidents. Always be aware of other traffic, especially before a change of direction or working across traffic flow.

STOPPING AND PARKING GRADER

Position the grader in the desired parking area.

Position the moldboard with the ends of the blade within the wheel width and lower the moldboard to the ground.

Place the transmission forward /reverse lever in neutral.

Before stopping engine, allow engine to run at 1/4 throttle for three to four minutes to gradually cool the engine and turbocharger. Then move the throttle lever to idle position and turn off the key switch.

Turn the master switch key to the OFF position and remove it.

Check the ROPS mounting capscrews after the first 50 hours of operation and periodically thereafter.

Check the torque of the six mounting capscrews at 50.8 da.Nm (51.6 kgm) (375 lb-ft).

If cab enclosures are installed, be sure all cab accessories, such as windshields wipers, latches, glass, hinges, seat belts, etc. are in good condition. Always keep all windows clean. WARNING

If replacement of glass is necessary, be sure to use safety glass or equivalent.

COLD WEATHER PRECAUTIONS

The machine's cooling system is filled at the factory with a 50/50 mixture of water and PARAFLU ECOTECH (ethylene glycol). The ethylene glycol protects the engine to -340C (-300F). It is not necessary to drain this solution before placing the unit in service

Articulated motor graders can be operated with the frame ARTICULATED OR OFF SET (CRAB).

The NON-ARTICULATED frame is normaly used for grading large areas and for road maintenance and conservation.

With the frame ARTICULATED, the turning radius is reduced, making machine control easier in restricted areas. In addition, a more precise control of material spreading is permitted. The OFF-SET position permits the operator to maintain the machine on firm ground, when working in ditches or drainage ditches and reduce the number of passes necessary to spread the material. This permits a better weight concentration, behind the blade in severe operation conditions.

Although the grader permits the circle to turn 3600, most of the grading operations are done with the blade between 150 and 450 in relation to the work direction.

Increasing the angle of the blade reduces the side movement of the material cut by the blade. However this permits deeper cuts and more "severe" grading.

The changes of the angle of attack, blade pitch is also very important for productivity.

The blade with the involute "ROLL-AWAY" profile maintains the capacity to roll material, with the top of the blade inclined to the back.

Changing blade angle while cutting, generates side forces on the machine. These forces should be compensated by leaning the front wheels and/or articulating the frame in the direction of the blade cutting forces.

TYPICAL OPERATIONS AND OPERATING SUGGESTIONS

CUTTING A "V" DITCH

Keep the frame straigth if the ditch is being cut in solid material.

If the dirt is loose, articulate the machine so that rear frame and tandems are maintained on the most firm ground.

With the circle directly under the frame, position the blade end bit slightly outside the front wheel. Incline the blade forward so that the top edge of it is in line with the center of the front tire.

Position the blade in such a way that the discharge of the material is in the center of the machine, between the tandems, lean the front wheels in the direction of discharge.

From the first pass, in first or second gear, cut only the material necessary to maintain the ditch line. For the second pass, position the wheels inside the ditch and with a speed slightly higher than the first pass maintain a 3:1 relation between the ditch walls and depth.

The material discharge should be maintained between the tandems. A cleaning pass is necessary. Move the circle and the blade in the direction of the ditch with the blade extended well behind the column of material, in such a way that the dirt cannot fall back into the ditch. The blade end bits should be positioned between the rear wheels with the blade tilted slightly forward, to make material rolling easier. All the ditches should be cut with the differential locked if the unit is equipped with a differential lock.

To cut ditches with walls with a 1.5:1 and 2:1 incline, shift the circle and blade against the bank. Align the top of the moldboard with the center of the rear tire. Position the end of the blade outside of the front tire and pitch the blade slightly toward the front. Turn the wheels toward the "V" ditch in such a way that material from the bank is deposited inside the ditch.

Make a cleaning pass to remove material from the ditch, pushing it on the road and spreading it out when necessary.

TERRACING - LEVEL CURVES

One of the most important applications for motor graders in agriculture is terracing level curves that provide for the retention and distribution of water in the fields, permitting an increase in productivity and preventing soil erosion on hill sides.

This work consists of "V" ditches following the level curves of the ground with a distance between them of 10 to 100 meters (34 to 338 ft) , with the greater distance for small slopes and the smaller distance for steeper slopes.

DITCH CUTTING ON FLAT PLAIN

The opening of a ditch on a flat plain is a continuation of "V" ditching. With the circle centered on the frame in a straight position, position the blade end bit behind the outside edge of the front tire. Angle the blade in such a way that the other end reaches the width and depth of the ditch desired (with front scarifiers it is possible to position the blade at 900 if necessary).

Tilt the blade slightly toward the front, so that material is spread along the sides of ditch.

This pass should be done in first or second gear (with the differential locked if available on the machine). On the following pass, push the material outside the ditch and on the road side. For this, move the circle and blade outside the pile and angle the blade in such a way that the material does not return to the ditch.

Maintain the edge of the blade near the front tire, to keep small mounds of material from returning to the ditch. For the next pass, spread the material lightly from the road shoulder toward the center of the road.

CLEANING WET DITCHES

The articulated grader makes the cleaning of wet ditches a relatively simple operation.

Articulate the frame in the OFF-SET position, in such a way that the rear wheels are on firm ground, while the front wheels are on the side of the bank.

Move the circle and blade toward the ditch, with the blade angled in such a way to bring the material toward the road bed.

Some ditches may be so steep that the upper front wheel tends to loose contact with the ground. This is not an acceptable operating condition. Use articulation of frame and blade position to maneuver the machine into a more favorable position. Frequently tire marks on the sides of a ditch can be avoided by articulating the frame positioning the driving wheels in a more favorable position. ROAD BED

After preparing the drainage,the next step is to prepare and level the road bed.

Maintain the frame straight, circle centered and blade almost perpendicular to the machine, in such a way that the material leaves from both sides and cuts the crest of the road rather high to permit drainage on both sides.

In subsequent passes, angle the blade between 100 and 250 tilting it a little toward the front to permit the material to roll toward the road shoulders.

Make these passes at relatively high speeds, so that the loose material passes under the blade before touching the ends.

On the final pass, for each road shoulder position the blade end bit in line with tandem, so that the rear tires can compact the material that may slide off the sides of the blade.