CAT DBT LA 2000 SINGLE MOTOR VEHICLE SOLID STATE CONTROLLERS OPERATION & TROUBLESHOOTING MANUAL

OPERATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE MODEL LA 2000 SINGLE MOTOR VEHICLE SOLID STATE CONTROLLERS

THIS GUIDE CONTAINS IMPORTANT OPERATION AND SAFETY INFORMATION AND SHOULD BE KEPT AVAILABLE TO THOSE PERSONNEL INSTALLING AND OPERATING THIS EQUIPMENT. P/N A6474X208 Revision 2, April / 02  DBT AMERICA INC. 2002 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

DBT America Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE..........................................................................................................................................1 SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL NOTATIONS .............................................................................................3 MAJOR HAZARDS.............................................................................................................................5 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND GUIDELINES ......................................................................................7 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................7 MAINTENANCE...................................................................................................................................7 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................8 LA 2000: INNOVATIVE SPEED CONTROL BY DBT A MERICA INC.................................................................8 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................................... 13 DESCRIPTION OF FEATURES......................................................................................................... 15 LA 2000 SINGLE M OTOR CONTROLLER CONSIST OF: ............................................................................ 15 FAULT M ESSAGE C HART ................................................................................................................... 17 TOP L EVEL D ISPLAY DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION ................................................................................... 19 TRACTION P ERSONALITIES (CONTROLLER A DJUSTMENTS)...................................................................... 20 STATUS D ISPLAY PROCEDURE........................................................................................................... 23 ERROR CODE L EGEND (S TATUS D ISPLAY)........................................................................................... 25 TEST/BDI DISPLAY PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................ 26 TRACTION BDI DISPLAY ................................................................................................................... 26 TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................................................... 27 LOGIC CARD M EASUREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 28 IGBT AND D IODE M EASUREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 30 IGBT M EASUREMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 30 INDIVIDUAL IGBT M EASUREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 31 D IODE M EASUREMENTS .................................................................................................................... 32 D IODE M EASUREMENTS .................................................................................................................... 33 PANEL M EASUREMENTS.................................................................................................................... 34 DRIVER M EASUREMENTS .................................................................................................................. 35

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PREFACE This manual is intended to provide GENERAL operating and service procedures for the DBT LA 2000 single motor vehicle solid-state controller. The illustrations, descriptions and procedures contained in this publication apply only to DBT LA 2000 single motor vehicle solid-state controllers. DBT America Inc. reserves the right to revise models and designs without prior notice.

This DBT LA 2000 single motor vehicle solid-state controller was manufactured under the guidelines, procedures and requirements of the U. S. Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 30, Chapter 1, Subpart 0, Part 75 for underground coal mines, and other applicable non-U. S. regulatory agency standards.

At the completion of the manufacturing process, the DBT LA 2000 single motor vehicle solid-state controller was issued the appropriate approval numbers and nameplates indicating it met the technical requirements of these regulatory agencies. Any change to the design or structure of the controller, without the consent of DBT America Inc., and these regulatory agencies, or any repair or replacement of parts contrary to DBT America's instructions, may invalidate these approvals and render the controller unsafe to operate.

Strict compliance with all Federal and State Mining laws, regulations and practices regarding the safe operation and maintenance of underground mining equipment and strict adherence to the instructions in this manual is necessary for the personal safety of those working on or around this controller.

While this manual attempts to anticipate the most important operations and maintenance needs for this controller, unforeseen circumstances may arise that have not been

addressed in this manual. If any concerns or questions arise, please contact your DBT America Service Representative immediately.

This work contains information protected under trade secret and other intellectual property laws, and is protected under the U. S. Copyright Act of 1976, as amended. This work is provided under license and the license is nontransferable. Distribution and access is limited only to authorized personnel.

Disclosure, reproduction, distribution or unauthorized use may be a violation of federal and state laws and may subject the unauthorized user to criminal liability.

 DBT America Inc. 2002 All rights reserved.

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SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL NOTATIONS Throughout this manual there are specific notations that are either UPPERCASE BOLD, UNDERLINED or ITALICIZED for the primary purpose of emphasis. Please pay special attention to such statements as they regard safety or critical maintenance installation information.

You will also see the following:

NOTICE: THIS NOTATION DENOTES A REFERENCE TO PREVIOUSLY STATED INSTRUCTIONS.

IMPORTANT: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT SPECIAL ATTENTION MUST BE ADHERED TO IN THE ATTACHED STATEMENT.

CAUTION: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A CUT, BRUISE OR ABRASION.

WARNING: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A LOST TIME ACCIDENT.

DANGER: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A SERIOUS INJURY OR FATALITY.

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DANGER ONLY TRAINED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL SHOULD OPERATE OR PERFORM MAINTENANCE ON THE BATTERY. FAILURE TO ADHERE TO DANGERS, WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS, NOTED IN THIS MANUAL, COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. FAILURE TO OPERATE OR MAINTAIN THIS BATTERY IN STRICT ADHERENCE TO THESE INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS IN THIS MANUAL COULD VOID THE WARRANTY.

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MAJOR HAZARDS AREA WHERE HAZARD CAN OCCUR

HAZARD WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF PRECAUTIONS AND SAFEGUARDS ARE NOT OBEYED

SAFEGUARDS HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

MOTORS AND CONTROLLER

Electrical shock could cause irreparable injury or death.

All electrical systems should be maintained by certified electricians.

The battery should be disconnected before servicing the motors or controller. When the controller cover is removed, wait for one minute for the capacitors to discharge.

BATTERY

The battery produces lethal amounts of power whether connected to the machine or charger, or not.

The battery should be maintained by qualified personnel. (Refer to DBT America Inc. "INSTALLATION, USE, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF MINE POWER STORAGE BATTERIES,” PART NUMBER A6474X26, for complete instructions).

Battery covers could fall crushing hands or arms.

Be sure cover supports are in place when working on battery.

Battery hold-down clamps could crush fingers or hands.

Keep fingers and hands away from hold-down clamps.

Batteries produce explosive gases that could be ignited causing burns or explosions.

Batteries should be well vented before servicing particularly if welding or burning on the battery.

Batteries should be maintained by qualified personnel.

Batteries contain strong acid that could cause severe burns if spilled or splashed on body parts or in the eyes.

Protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear must be worn when working on batteries. Batteries should be maintained by qualified personnel.

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND GUIDELINES Overview Before you test, troubleshoot, service or in any other way, use this unit READ and STUDY this guide. KNOW what you must do for safe maintenance.

ALWAYS wear or use the proper safety items required for your personal protection.

If you have ANY QUESTIONS about the safe use or maintenance of this unit: ASK YOUR SUPERVISOR - NEVER GUESS - ALWAYS CHECK

Maintenance AVOID, whenever possible, servicing, cleaning or examining the unit in congested areas.

AVOID, whenever possible, servicing or providing maintenance to the unit unless the wheels are adequately choked. If the drive motor (s) is to be run, the unit must be jacked clear of the ground and all four (4) wheels must be free to turn.

DO NOT alter the electrical settings from that indicated in this guide or as set at the factory.

ALWAYS replace damaged or lost decals or metal instruction plates. Refer to the Parts Manual for the proper location and part number of decals and plates.

DISCONNECT the battery when working with electrical systems, or when welding on the unit to prevent electrical shock.

It is important that any procedure not specifically recommended in this guide be thoroughly evaluated from the standpoint of safety before it is implemented.

Some photographs and illustrations in this guide may show guards or covers removed for purposes of clarity. Never operate unit without all guards and covers in place.

SOME PHOTOGRAPHS OR ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY SHOW PROTOTYPE UNITS OR UNITS WITH OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT INSTALLED THAT MAY OR MAY NOT BE ON YOUR PARTICULAR MACHINE. PRODUCTION MODELS MAY VARY IN SOME DETAIL. OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT MAY BE PURCHASED FROM YOUR DBT AMERICA INC. DEALER. CONTINUING IMPROVEMENT AND ADVANCEMENT OF PRODUCT DESIGN MAY CAUSE CHANGES TO YOUR MACHINE WHICH MAY NOT BE INCLUDED IN THIS PUBLICATION. EACH PUBLICATION IS REVIEWED AND REVISED, AS REQUIRED, TO UPDATE AND INCLUDE THE CHANGES IN LATER ADDITIONS. DBT AMERICA INC. RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR MAKE CHANGES WITHIN A SPECIFIC MODEL GROUP WITHOUT NOTICE AND WITHOUT INCURRING ANY LIABILITY TO RETROFIT UNITS PREVIOUSLY SHIPPED FROM THE FACTORY. CONTACT YOUR DBT AMERICA INC. DEALER FOR MAINTENANCE THAT IS NOT COVERED IN THIS PUBLICATION.

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INTRODUCTION LA 2000: Innovative Speed Control by DBT America Inc. FIGURE 1 – SIMPLIFIED LA 2000 CIRCUIT

In the early 1970's, S&S Corporation lead the way in mining innovation with the introduction of Solid State speed controls for battery-powered underground mining equipment. Solid State controls increased the range and reliability of the battery powered vehicles along with providing smooth, stepless acceleration. Even with solid state speed control, direction change was achieved with the use of electromechanical contactors. These contactors provided an endless source of maintenance problems and consumed excessive amounts of valuable controller-box space. Also, most solid state controllers of the past utilize an electromechanical "bypass" contactor to connect the motor directly to the batteries which caused more contactor problems.

In the 1980’s DBT America Inc., in conjunction with Sevcon, developed a contactorless motor controller (X90) to be used exclusively on DBT America Inc. equipment. The X90 system used a dualfield motor in combination with SCR's (Silicone Controlled Rectifier) to achieve solid state direction change.

Now DBT America Inc., in conjunction with Sevcon, has developed the LA 2000 motor controller. The LA 2000 system uses IGBT’s (Integrated Gated Bipolar Transistors) to achieve motor control and direction change. Unlike an SCR, an IGBT is turned ON and OFF via a gating electronic signal. This eliminated commutating capacitor banks and coils. The microprocessor based LA 2000 Logic Card provides complete motor control, and drives both a Diagnostic Dashboard Display along with a hand held Calibrator/Diagnostic Unit.

The IGBT switch operates so fast that it can connect and disconnect the motor in less than 1/1700 second. This is such a short time period that the dual-field motor does not have time to move. Each time the IGBT switch closes and reopens, the full battery voltage is applied to the motor terminals for about 1/1700 second. This is commonly referred to as a "pulse."

The IGBT speed control works by feeding to the motor a rapid series of pulses. The number of pulses per second determines the average voltage at the motor terminals (reference Figure 2).

Since the windings of the motor are inductive, the current in the motor cannot change quickly. When the IGBT switch is closed, the current builds up slowly and when the switch opens, the inductance wants to keep the current flowing. For this reason, the "flywheel" diode is provided. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the current paths with the switch closed in both forward (Figure 3) and reverse (Figure 4) modes.

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FIGURE 2

FIGURE 3

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FIGURE 4

As seen in Figure 5, the direction of the current through the motor does not change. More important, when the switch opens, although the battery current stops, the motor current continues to flow via the "flywheel" diode. The motor current is therefore made up of two components: 1. The battery current when the IGBT switch is closed.

2. The "flywheel" current when the IGBT switch is open.

FIGURE 5

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The amount of the motor current supplied from the battery varies with the pulse frequency. Figure 6 illustrates a typical situation at low speed. It can be seen from the illustration that the "flywheel" current, because it is flowing for a longer period, forms a larger part of the motor current than does the battery current. However, at high speeds (Figure 7), the motor current is made up of almost all battery current.

FIGURE 6

To summarize, the motor current is made up of a combination of battery current and "flywheel" current so that under all conditions the average motor current is always greater than the average battery current.

At low speeds the motor current can be several times greater than the battery current.

At high speeds, when the IGBT switch is open only for short periods before closing, the motor current is made up almost entirely of battery current.

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FIGURE 7

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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS The DBT America Inc. LA 2000 Single Motor Controller is designed to operate at 128 volts DC, 1200 Amps maximum current limit and controls one dual-field electric motors.

•

Traction functions operate at a speed that is directly proportional to the accelerator (FS1) demand.

(See Figure 8)

•

Traction motor current will be continuously monitored in the motor. Current limit is adjustable via the optional hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit.

FIGURE 8 – ACCELERATOR VOLTAGE

Fail-safe operation will include the following: •

In the event of a shorted IGBT, the line contactor will be opened, disconnecting power from the traction motors.

•

Operation of the tram contactor will always be sensed, and if faulty, drive will be inhibited.

•

Whenever the vehicle is power-cycled, power-up diagnostics will be executed to test the tram drive circuitry. If faulty, drive will be inhibited.

The temperature of the single motor controller will be continuously monitored and if it rises above 95°C the motor current will be limited to a maximum of 300 amps of motor current will be allowed. (See Figure 9) The LA 2000 Single Motor Controller features a data logging capability that stores critical data into non-volatile data RAM. The stored data is displayed in the traction status display of the optional hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit.

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FIGURE 9 – CONTROLLER INTERNAL TEMPERATURE (DEG. C)

Current Allowed

Thermal Cutback Curves 1200 900 600 300 0 75

80

85

90

95

100

105

Temperature (Deg. C) Dual

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DESCRIPTION OF FEATURES The LA 2000 Solid State Controller incorporates a variety of independent protection systems. These improve reliability, shield the motors and controller from overload, protect the machine from inadvertent abuse by the operator, and help to protect workers from potential harm from malfunctioning equipment.

LA 2000 Single Motor Controller Consist of: •

Single Motor IGBT Panel

•

Microprocessor Based Logic Card

•

Optional Dashboard Display

•

Optional Hand held Diagnostics/Calibrator Unit

LA 2000 Single Motor IGBT Panel (Power Connections) • • •

Battery positive Battery negative 3 motor connections for each motor (S1, S2, and A1)

(For Power Circuit Layout see Drawing 490964X9-1)

Microprocessor Based Logic Card (Control Inputs) • • • • • • • • • •

Pump motor start switch input applies battery voltage to logic card (Pin 16) Proportional control accelerator, 5000 OHMS (Pins 1, 2, and 3) Forward direction switch (Pin 7) Reverse direction switch (Pin 8) Brake input switch (Pin 14) Tram contactor driver (Pin 6) Accelerator (FS1) input switch (Pin 4) CAN Communication Input Port for optional hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit CAN Communication Input Port for optional dashboard display Analog Input for connection to pump motor shunt to allow pump motor current measurement

The LA 2000 Microprocessor-Based Logic Card will control single two-quadrant IGBT devices, controlled by PWM (PULSE WIDTH MODULATED) switching, providing forward and reverse direction control.

There is an LED on the logic card which serves as an indicator of the status of the controller. following diagnostics shall apply: • • • • •

LED on LED off 1 flash 2 flash 3 flash

The

- Controller operational - Fault during power up, check calibrator/display message - CRC error-change a password & recycle power or bad logic - Operator start up or Procedure fault - IGBT short circuit 15

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• • • • • • • • • • • •

4 flash - Main contactor open or IGBT open 5 flash - Main contactor welded or diode shorted 6 flash - Faulty accelerator 7 flash - Battery voltage fault 8 flash - Thermal cutback 9 flash - Main contactor coil overcurrent or short circuit.

10 flash - Brake on fault 11 flash - Tachometer fault 12 flash - Tachometer overspeed fault 13 flash - Oil over temperature fault 14 flash - Oil low level fault 15 flash - Current Transducer fault

OPTIONAL DASHBOARD DISPLAY FEATURES (See Figure 10) • • • •

A battery discharge indicator An hour meter displaying tram-on hours An hour meter displaying pump-on hours A rotating display showing: 1.

2.

3.

Battery voltage Pump motor current Diagnostic fault status, when applicable. Rotating display will lock on one of the following fault messages: (See Fault Message Chart, page 13)

FIGURE 10 – OPTIONAL DASHBOARD DISPLAY

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Fault Message Chart DASHBOARD DISPLAY Rotating Testing Oil Temp Oil Level Over Temp Tram Open Tram Weld Contcoilsc Cap Fault Accel Fault Seq. Fault 2 Dir Fault Bat. Low CRC Error IGBT s/c Brake ON Cur Xducer Tacho Faulty Overspeed Bad Logic PTA Short I.D. Fault FWD ON REV ON DRIVE OFF FWD OFF REV OFF

DESCRIPTION No Fault Power-up diagnostics running. Check connections to display/calibrator.

Oil Temp. Hot (If Equipped) Oil Level Low (If Equipped) Controller in thermal cutback Main Line Contactor failed to close faulty logic card or contactor Main Line Contactor welded, or shortened plugging diode Main Contactor coil over current sensed, coil shorted, logic card faulty Caps failed to charge after power-up Acc. Voltage out of 1.2V-4.0V range or faulty logic card FS1 Closed at power up Both Direction switches active Battery Low Adjust a password then recycle power or faulty logic card IGBT Short Circuit The vehicle BRAKES are on Current Transducer Fault The tachometer will not calibrate (if equipped) Tachometer Diagnostics failed, replace logic (if equipped) Replace Logic Card Motor Shorted or IGBT Shorted Vehicle configuration ID invalid, check panel wiring Faulty Logic card, motor shorted, or IGBT shorted Faulty Logic card, motor shorted, or IGBT shorted Replace Logic Card Replace Logic Card Replace Logic Card

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Optional Hand Held Diagnostics/Calibrator Unit Security Levels: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Customer level Service Level Advanced Level Engineering Level

SECURITY LEVELS 2-4 ARE ONLY ACCESSIBLE BY ENTERING THE APPROPRIATE PASSWORDS.

FIGURE 11 – OPTIONAL HAND HELD DIAGNOSTICS/CALIBRATOR UNIT

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Connecting for Operation: 1. Place the master switch in the “OFF” position.

2. Turn the main circuit breaker to the “OFF” position to de-energize power on machine.

3. Remove the main controller cover.

4. Connect the hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit to the CAN Communication Input Port of the logic card.

5. Turn the main circuit breaker to the “ON” position.

6. Place the master switch in the “PARK” position.

7. Press the momentary pump start button, if equipped, to start pump motor.

The hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit is now operational.

Operation: Upon power-up of the hand held diagnostics/calibrator unit, before pressing any buttons, a top level display is visible to provide diagnostic information as follows:

Top Level Display Diagnostic Information CALIBRATOR DISPLAY OK Testing Oil Temp Flt Oil Level Flt Thermal Cutback Tram Cont Open Tram Cont Weld Cont Coil SC Capacitor Fault “Accel. Fault” Sequence Fault 2 Dir Fault Battery Low CRC Error IGBT s/c Brake ON Curr Xducer Flt Tacho Faulty Overspeed Bad Logic P. UP PTA Short Vehicle ID Flt Tract FWD ON Tract REV ON Drive OFF Flt Tract FWD OFF Tract REV OFF

DESCRIPTION No Fault Power-up diagnostics running. Check connections to display/calibrator.

Oil Temp. Hot (If Equipped) Oil Level Low (If Equipped) Controller in thermal cutback Main Line Contactor failed to close faulty logic card or contactor Main Line Contactor welded, or shortened plugging diode Main Contactor coil over current sensed, coil shorted, logic card faulty Caps failed to charge after power-up Acc. Voltage out of 1.2V-4.0V range or faulty logic card FS1 Closed at power up Both Direction switches active Battery Low Adjust a password then recycle power or faulty logic card IGBT Short Circuit The vehicle BRAKES are on Current Transducer Fault The tachometer will not calibrate (if equipped) Tachometer Diagnostics failed, replace logic (if equipped) Replace Logic Card Motor Shorted or IGBT Shorted Vehicle configuration ID invalid, check panel wiring Faulty Logic card, motor shorted, or IGBT shorted Faulty Logic card, motor shorted, or IGBT shorted Replace Logic Card Replace Logic Card Replace Logic Card 19

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Personality Adjustment Procedure (Reference Figure 11) 1. Power-up calibrator.

2. If the top level display indicates “OK”, go to step (4). If not “OK”, go to step (3).

3. Consult above diagnostic information table to determine cause of fault.

4. Press the “DOWN” button two times to access the personalities table.

5. Use the “LEFT” or “RIGHT” buttons to locate the desired personality.

6. After locating the personality, use the “+” or “-” buttons to adjust the values accordingly.

7. To go back to the top level display, press the “UP” button two times.

The following features shall be customer adjustable personalities, accessible using the Calibrator

Traction Personalities (Controller Adjustments) Security Levels Displayed

Security Levels Adjustable

Display Name

Range / Notes

MAX CONTROLLER CURRENT

50 Amps to max. cont. capacity DEFAULT: 1200 Amps

All

ACCELERATION DELAY

0.5 sec’s to 5.0 sec’s 1.0 sec’s

Advanced Engineering

DECELERATION DELAY

0.1 sec’s to 5.0 sec’s 0.1 sec’s

Service Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering Advanced Engineering Advanced Engineering All All Service Advanced Engineering Engineering

Advanced Engineering All All Advanced Engineering

CREEP SPEED

0% to 25% 5%

MAXIMUM SPEED

0% to 100% 100%

CUTBACK SPEED

0% to 100% (over-speed cutback) 100% 0.1 sec’s to 5.0 sec’s 0.1 sec’s 0 - 255 0 - 255 0 - 255 17

CUTBACK ACCEL PASSWORD ONE PASSWORD TWO PWM FREQUENCY ADJUST

BRAKE CUTOUT SPEED (presently not used)

5% to 100% NOTE: If OVERSPEED BRAKING CONTROL personality =‘ON’, and if the vehicle went into PLUG braking due to over-speed, this personality will control when the vehicle exits PLUG braking and resumes DRIVE (the vehicle must be moving at a speed which will cause an adjusted tachometer output voltage which exceeds this personality setting). This personality was intended for tachometers with quadrature.

100%

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Advanced Engineering

Advanced Engineering Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering Advanced Engineering

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Traction Personalities (Controller Adjustments) (Continued) OVERSPEED BRAKING CONTROL (Secured Personality)

Engineering

Engineering

Engineering

Engineering

Service Advanced Engineering

Service Advanced Engineering

BATTERY PROTECTION CUTOUT

On - Off NOTE: If this personality is set to ‘On’, when a Tacho over-speed condition is sensed, Cutback Speed 2 personality will be invoked.

If this personality is not invoked when an overspeed condition exists driving will be exited.

Off 2.0 Volts - 5.0 Volts NOTE: This personality is compared to the sum of the tachometer adjusted voltage + Tacho neutral voltage. If the computed sum is greater then or equal to this personality then the Tachometer over-speed condition is set.

This personality is only meaningful for a plugging mode with a tachometer configured.

3.5v 0 - 1 (internal factor) 0. Tachometer without quadrature 1. Current sense plug braking 1 50 v - 255 v 50v

All

BATTERY PROTECTION DELAY

0.1 - 5.0 sec 5.0 sec’s

All

50 - 1200 Amps NOTE: This personality sets the motor current monitoring level where the duration counters will begin to count the time that the motor current is at or above this level. If the motor current falls below this level then the time measurement is stopped (having been stored in non-volatile memory)and the counters are initialized to zero. If the motor current rises to this level or above once again the counters start to record the new time duration. If the new time is longer then the previous stored time then the stored time is updated with the new time hence always providing the history of the longest duration of sustained motor current. Every time this personality is changed, the duration counters are initialized to zero and non-volatile memory is unlocked for updating. There exists two sets of counters, one for the left and right channels.

The stored count value is in 3.0 Msecs ticks.

This value is visible via the Status Menu.

1000 Amps

All

Service Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering Service Advanced Engineering

TACHO OVERSPEED LEVEL

PLUG CONFIGURATION

MOTOR CURRENT LOG LEVEL

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Traction Personalities (Controller Adjustments) (Continued) PLUG CURRENT LOG LEVEL

TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT

CLEAR DATA LOG

50 - 1200 Amps NOTE: This personality sets the plug current monitoring level where the duration counters will begin to count the time that the plug current is at or above this level. If the plug current falls below this level then the time measurement is stopped and the timers are initialized to zero. If the plug current rises to this level or above once again the counters start to record the new time duration. If the new time is longer then the previous stored time then the stored time is updated with the new time hence always providing the history of the longest duration of sustained plug current. Every time this personality is changed, the duration counters are initialized to zero and non-volatile memory is unlocked for updating. There exists two sets of counters, one for the left and right channels.

The stored count value is in 3.0 Msecs ticks.

This value is visible via the Status Menu.

1200 Amps Compensates temperature lookup tables.

0 – 20 = Positive Additives 21 – 40 = Negative Additives 0 = DISABLE, 1 = ENABLE NOTE: This personality clears all of the data log locations in non-volatile memory. When enabled this personality disables itself once it completes the clearing task.

Disable

All

Service Advanced Engineering

All

Engineering

All

Service Advanced Engineering

MOTOR CURRENT RAMP LEVEL

10 Amps - 37% Of Max. Current.

NOTE: This personality selects the PLUG current level at which PLUGGING will be allowed to exit and DRIVE commence.

250 Amps

Engineering

Engineering

LEADING PLUG PULSE START ON TIME

500 Usec - 10 Msecs NOTE: This personality adjusts the (2) leading PLUGGING pulses.

1.0 Msecs 1.0 Msecs - 10 Msecs NOTE: This personality adjusts the (2) trailing PLUGGING pulses.

1.0 Msecs

Engineering

Engineering

Engineering

Engineering

TRAILING PLUG PULSE ON TIME

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Traction Personalities (Controller Adjustments) (Continued) PLUG PULSE OFF TIME

THERMAL CUTBACK LEVEL

36 Msecs - 900 Msecs NOTE: This personality adjusts the PLUGGING pulse OFF time. The personality numbers range from (4) to (100) and the multiplication factor is 9 Msecs.

90 Msecs 75 °c – 95 °c 95 °c default

Engineering

Engineering

Advanced Engineering

Advanced Engineering

Security Levels Displayed All All All All All All All

Security Levels Adjustable N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

All

N/A

All All

N/A N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

All All

N/A N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

Status Display Procedure Display Name

Range / Notes

Battery Voltage -Motor Voltage -Motor Current Rev IGBT Block Temp Fwd IGBT Block Temp.

IGBT Voltage Tachometer Adjusted Voltage (0 = Vehicle not moving) Error Code (see error code section) Number of ‘Key On’ hours Number of ‘Driving’ hours -Current Calibration Factor -Right Channel Zero Current Calibration Factor Left Channel Zero Current Calibration Factor -Peak Motor Current Selected Motor Current Recording Level

Note: The(3) counter bytes below need to be converted: 1. Convert each byte to its hexadecimal equivalent.

2. Convert the (3) byte field to decimal and multiply by 3.0 Msecs to obtain real time.

-Motor Current Stored Duration High Byte -Motor Current Stored Duration Mid Byte

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Status Display Procedure (Continued) -Motor Current Stored Duration Low Byte -Peak Plugging Current Selected Plugging Current Recording Level

Note: The(3) counter bytes below need to be converted: 1. Convert each byte to its hexadecimal equivalent.

2. Convert the (3) byte field to decimal and multiply by 3.0 Msecs to obtain real time.

-Plugging Current Stored Duration High Byte -Plugging Current Stored Duration Mid Byte -Plugging Current Stored Duration Low Byte - Peak Motor Current - Motor Current Stored Duration High Byte - Motor Current Stored Duration Mid Byte - Motor Current Stored Duration Low Byte - Peak Plugging Current - Plugging Current Stored Duration High Byte - Plugging Current Stored Duration Mid Byte -Plugging Current Stored Duration Low Byte Fwd IGBT High Temp Rev IGBT High Temp Fwd IGHT Low Temp Rev IGHT Low Temp Battery Voltage High Battery Voltage Low

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All

N/A

All All

N/A N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

All All

N/A N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

All All

N/A N/A

All

N/A

All

N/A

All All All All All All

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

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Error Code Legend (Status Display) Error Code 0 1 2 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21

Description No fault Caps failed to charge after power-up Check for shorted cap Block 0 Point ‘A’ short Shorted IGBT, or short between motor and ground Vehicle Configuration ID Invalid Diagnostic Point ‘A’ trip failed to disable Tram Contactor Driver Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Right FWD Point ‘A’ trip failed to be disabled Replace Logic Assembly Point ‘A’ Trip failed to disable FWD IGBT Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Right Rev Point ‘A’ trip failed to be disabled Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic REV Point ‘A’ trip failed to be disabled Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic LEFT FWD Point ‘A’ trip failed to be disabled Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Left Rev Point ‘A’ trip failed to be disabled Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic test to enable TRAM contactor driver failed Fault in Logic Assembly or faulty TRAM contactor Diagnostic Right FWD Point ‘A’ trip failed Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic FWD Point ‘A’ trip failed Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Right Rev Point ‘A’ trip failed Replace Logic Assembly Single Motor Diagnostic REV Point ‘A’ trip Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Left FWD Point ‘A’ trip failed Replace Logic Assembly Diagnostic Left Rev Point ‘A’ trip failed Replace Logic Assembly Line Contactor welded fault A shorted PLUGGING DIODE will also cause this fault.

A shorted SNUBBER DIODE will also cause this fault.

Internal Error (Software Only) Replace Logic Assembly

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Test/BDI Display Procedure Display Name

Range / Notes

Accel. Voltage Accel. Percent Demand Forward Switch Reverse Switch FS1 Switch Configuration Jumper 1 Configuration Jumper 2 Brake Input TRAM Contactor Input Oil Temperature Oil Level Software Version

0.0V - 5.0V 0 - 100% open/closed open/closed open/closed open/closed open/closed ON/Released ON/Released OK/hot OK/low VX.XXX

Security Levels Displayed All All All All All All All All All All All All

Security Levels Adjustable N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Security Levels Displayed Sevcon Sevcon

Security Levels Adjustable Sevcon Sevcon

Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon

Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon Service Dealer Sevcon

Sevcon

Sevcon

Dealer Sevcon All

Dealer Sevcon All

All

All

All

All

Traction BDI Display Display Name % Charge Left BDI Cells Reset Cell Level

Range / Notes 0 - 100% 35 - 80 64 1.85v - 2.50v 1.95v

Empty Cell Level

1.00v - 1.99v 1.68v

Warning Level

0% - 90% 20%

Cutout Level

0% - 90% 0% -2.38% - +2.38% 0.00% “OK”

Battery Calibration Factor Display Working Display Status Select Dashboard Display Status

Display Contrast

Lock/Rotate (Rotate) 0- 4 (Battery Voltage, Pump Current, Motor Current) Battery Voltage 0 - 127 33

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TROUBLESHOOTING This section provides troubleshooting information. This guide assumes you have a working knowledge of IGBT controller servicing and that you have the following equipment.

1.

Volt/Ohm Meter with Leads

2.

Insulated Basic Hand Tools

WHEN WORKING INSIDE THE CONTROLLER, USE INSULATED GLOVES AND TOOLS WHERE POSSIBLE. ALL CONNECTIONS MUST BE TIGHT AND CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO PREVENT BOLTS, NUTS, WASHERS AND OTHER SMALL METAL FASTENERS FROM BEING DROPPED OR LOST INSIDE THE CONTROLLER. BEFORE STARTING ANY POWER-RELATED PERFORMANCE TESTS, THE MACHINE MUST BE JACKED AND SECURELY BLOCKED CLEAR OF THE GROUND WITH ALL FOUR (4) WHEELS FREE TO TURN.

REFER TO THE PARTS MANUAL FOR YOUR PARTICULAR MACHINE FOR WIRING DIAGRAMS.

THE LOGIC UNIT CONTAINS NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS. THIS SEALED DEVICE WILL VOID THE WARRANTY.

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Logic Card Measurements Before taking readings, the following system conditions must be met: 1. Main circuit breaker in the “ON” position 2. Master switch in the “PARK” position 3. Press the momentary pump start button, if equipped, to start pump motor 4. Forward “OFF” 5. Reverse “OFF” 6. Accelerator NOT depressed (FS1 open), brake not released 7. 37-Pin Connector attached to logic card through TEST HARNESS P/N: 492172X1 8. 16-Pin Connector attached to logic card through TEST HARNESS P/N: 492172 9. All driver boards plugged in.

All measurements are made with a voltmeter with respect to system B-.

37 PIN CONNECTOR (See Figure 12) PIN #

VOLTAGE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS +15 VOLTS +15 VOLTS -12 VOLTS -12 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +4.0 VOLTS +4.0 VOLTS +2 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS B+ B+ 0 VOLTS +15 VOLTS -12 VOLTS 0 VOLTS NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED

MINIMUM

MAXIMUM

+20 VOLTS +20 VOLTS

+100 VOLTS +100 VOLTS

+13 VOLTS +13 VOLTS -10 VOLTS -10 VOLTS +4.75 VOLTS +4.75 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS +3.5 VOLTS 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS +20 VOLTS +0.1 VOLTS

+15.5 VOLTS +15.5 VOLTS -12.5 VOLTS -12.5 VOLTS +5.25 VOLTS +5.25 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +5 VOLTS +4.7 VOLTS +4.7 VOLTS +5.25 VOLTS +0.5 VOLTS +100 VOLTS +0.5 VOLTS

NOTES ½ BATTERY VOLTAGE ½ BATTERY VOLTAGE

½ BATTERY VOLTAGE BATTERY + BATTERY + BATTERY -

+13 VOLTS -10 VOLTS

+15.5 VOLTS -12.5 VOLTS BATTERY -

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FIGURE 12 – 37 PIN CONNECTOR

16 PIN CONNECTOR (See Figure 13) PIN #

VOLTAGE

1 2 3 4 5 6

B2.4 VOLTS 2.4 VOLTS 3.5 VOLTS B+ B+

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

3.5 VOLTS 3.5 VOLTS B+ NOT CONNECTED 0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS NOT CONNECTED 0 VOLTS NOT CONNECTED B+

MINIMUM 1.2 VOLTS 1.2 VOLTS 3 VOLTS

MAXIMUM 4 VOLTS 4 VOLTS +5.25 VOLTS

NOTES BATTERY ACCELERATOR ACCELERATOR BATTERY + CONTACTOR DRIVER FWD REV OPTIONAL DRIVER

3 VOLTS 3 VOLTS

5.25 VOLTS 5.25 VOLTS

0 VOLTS 0 VOLTS

0.4 VOLTS 0.4 VOLTS

OIL TEMPERATURE OIL LEVEL

0 VOLTS

0.4 VOLTS

BRAKE MASTER SWITCH INPUT

FIGURE 13 – 16 PIN CONNECTOR

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IGBT and Diode Measurements Before taking readings, the following system conditions must be met: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Panel disconnected from and isolated from the battery (via main circuit breaker) and battery plugs being disconnected.

Motor leads disconnected from panel Master switch in the “OFF” position After power is removed, wait for one (1) minute before making measurements to allow voltage to bleed down

IGBT Measurements (See Figure 14) If reading is 0, IGBT is shorted.

If reading is ∞, IGBT is failed open.

There are two IGBT’s wired in parallel; therefore, if one IGBT indicates short, it may be one or both.

FIGURE 14

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Individual IGBT Measurements (See Figure 15)

FIGURE 15

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Diode Measurements (See Figure 16)

FIGURE 16

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Diode Measurements (See Figure 17)

FIGURE 17

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Before taking readings, the following system conditions must be met: 1.

2.

3.

Panel mounted in vehicle Main circuit breaker in the “OFF” position Power “OFF” at master switch (must be off at least one minute before taking measurement)

FIGURE 18

Panel Measurements Before taking readings, the following system conditions must be met: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

All connections attached, and power applied Main circuit breaker on Master switch in the “PARK” position Accelerator NOT depressed (FS1 open) Main line contactor open • • •

B+ to B-: Battery Voltage B- to AA: ≈50V B- to S1L, S4L, S1R, & S4R: ≈50V

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Driver Measurements The measurement of the driver on the DBT America Inc. LA 2000 Dual Motor Controller cannot be done with a volt-ohm-meter. In order to determine whether the driver is faulty, a process of elimination is required. The LED indicates if there is “look ahead” voltage on the IGBT’s and as such does not fully indicate whether the driver is working properly or not.

The steps to follow to determine if the driver is faulty are as follows: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Determine if any of the IGBT’s or diodes are faulty by performing the previously illustrated tests.

With power applied, the master switch to the “PARK” position, and all motor leads connected, measure the voltage with a volt-ohm meter from “B-” to the motor connection leads, each in turn (“S1” to “B-”, “S4” to “B-”, and so on). The main line contactor must be open.

The reading should be less than the battery voltage, but higher than “B-” (in the range of approximately 70 volts). This voltage may vary panel to panel as there is leakage voltage through the IGBT’s and diodes.

If the voltage is at the same potential as “B+”, then most likely a diode is shorted.

If the voltage is at “B-”, then most likely an IGBT is shorted.

The calibrator should indicate which channel is faulty.

If the calibrator does not indicate which channel is faulty, the faulty component can be determined in the following manner: • Remove power from the panel, remove the motor connection leads from the panel and follow the measurements as indicated in the previous sections, or determine which channel is faulty.

If all the IGBT’s and diodes measure okay, the problem may be with the driver or the logic board.

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OPERATION, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE GUIDE MODELS 488L and 488-6

THIS GUIDE CONTAINS IMPORTANT OPERATION AND SAFETY INFORMATION AND SHOULD BE KEPT AVAILABLE TO THOSE PERSONNEL INSTALLING AND OPERATING THIS EQUIPMENT.

P/N A6474X210 Revision 3, June / 02  DBT AMERICA INC. 2002 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

DBT America Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE..........................................................................................................................................1 SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL NOTATIONS .............................................................................................3 MAJOR HAZARDS.............................................................................................................................5 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND GUIDELINES ......................................................................................7 OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................................................7 PRE-START INSPECTION ..............................................................................................................7 STARTING......................................................................................................................................7 OPERATING...................................................................................................................................7 STOPPING .....................................................................................................................................8 MAINTENANCE ..............................................................................................................................8 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................9 CONTROLS AND INDICATOR.......................................................................................................... 11 SERVICE BRAKE PEDAL.............................................................................................................. 11 FIRE SUPPRESSION ACTUATORS .............................................................................................. 12 SPEED-SWITCH (ACCELERATOR) FOOT PEDAL......................................................................... 12 LIGHT SWITCH LEVER................................................................................................................. 12 MASTER SWITCH LEVER............................................................................................................. 12 AUTOMATIC PARK BRAKE RELEASE SWITCH ............................................................................ 13 CIRCUIT BREAKER RESET LEVER .............................................................................................. 14 TAPE SWITCH (PANIC STRIP)...................................................................................................... 15 EMERGENCY DISCONNECT LEVER ............................................................................................ 15 WARNING GONG ......................................................................................................................... 15 FIGURE 9 – WARNING GONG ...................................................................................................... 16 LA 2000 DASHBOARD DISPLAY (OPTIONAL) ............................................................................... 16 GAUGE PANEL (OPTIONAL)......................................................................................................... 16 DIF-LOK (OPTIONAL) ................................................................................................................... 17 "STEERING" CONTROL LEVER.................................................................................................... 18 "LEFT-HAND STEERING" CONTROL LEVER (OPTIONAL) ............................................................ 18 "BUCKET" CONTROL LEVER........................................................................................................ 19 "EJECTOR" CONTROL LEVER...................................................................................................... 19 "WINCH" CONTROL LEVER (OPTIONAL)...................................................................................... 20 "2-SPEED WINCH" CONTROL....................................................................................................... 20 “BATTERY CHANGER” CONTROL LEVER .................................................................................... 20 HYDRAULIC PTO ACTUATOR ...................................................................................................... 20 BRAKE RELEASE HAND PUMP .................................................................................................... 20 STARTING PROCEDURE................................................................................................................. 23 TOWING A DISABLED MACHINE .................................................................................................... 27 SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE .............................................................................................................. 29 BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT)....................................................................... 31 BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)..................................................................... 37 I

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GENERAL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................................... 45 CRITICAL TORQUE VALUES........................................................................................................... 47 LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES ....................................................................................... 47 MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST .......................................................................................................... 49 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES...................................................................................... 51 EVERY SHIFT............................................................................................................................... 51 ONCE PER WEEK ........................................................................................................................ 52 ONCE PER MONTH ...................................................................................................................... 60 EVERY THREE MONTHS.............................................................................................................. 62 LUBRICANT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 65 APPROVED SUPPLIERS .............................................................................................................. 65 LUBRICATION CHART .................................................................................................................... 67 ONCE PER WEEK ........................................................................................................................ 67 TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES ............................................................................................. 69 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (GENERAL)................................................................................................ 70 BRAKES (SERVICE) WET DISC.................................................................................................... 71 BRAKES (AUTOMATIC WET DISC) ............................................................................................... 72 CYLINDERS.................................................................................................................................. 72 PUMPS......................................................................................................................................... 73 RELIEF VALVES........................................................................................................................... 75 MAJOR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES .......................................................................................... 77 CONTACTOR TIP REPLACEMENT............................................................................................... 77 DRIVE MOTOR/GEARBOX (SPEED REDUCER) REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT......................... 78 TIRE/WHEEL INSTALLATION PROCEDURE.................................................................................... 81 TIRE/WHEEL STRESSES ............................................................................................................. 81 WHEEL MOUNTING ARRANGEMENTS......................................................................................... 81 PROBLEM AREAS ........................................................................................................................ 81 WHEEL MOUNTING TIPS ............................................................................................................. 82 RECOMMENDED WHEEL MOUNTING PROCEDURES: ................................................................ 83 PRECAUTIONS:............................................................................................................................ 83

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PREFACE This manual is intended to provide GENERAL product information for the Model 488 Series UN-A-TRAC ®. The illustrations, descriptions and procedures contained in this publication apply only to this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ®. DBT America Inc. reserves the right to revise models and designs without prior notice.

This Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ® was manufactured under the guidelines, procedures and requirements of the U. S. Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 30, Chapter 1, Subpart 0, Part 75 for underground coal mines, and other applicable non-U. S. regulatory agency standards.

At the completion of the manufacturing process, this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ® was issued the appropriate approval numbers and nameplates indicating it met the technical requirements of these regulatory agencies. Any change to the design or structure of this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ®, without the consent of DBT America Inc., and these regulatory agencies, or any repair or replacement of parts contrary to DBT America's instructions, may invalidate these approvals and render this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ® unsafe to operate.

Strict compliance with all Federal and State Mining laws, regulations and practices regarding the safe operation and maintenance of underground mining equipment and strict adherence to the instructions in this manual is necessary for the personal safety of those working on or around this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ®.

While this manual attempts to anticipate the most important operations and maintenance needs for this Model 488 UN-A-TRAC ®, unforeseen circumstances may arise that

have not been addressed in this manual. If any concerns or questions arise, please contact your DBT America Service Representative immediately.

This work contains information protected under trade secret and other intellectual property laws, and is protected under the U. S. Copyright Act of 1976, as amended. This work is provided under license and the license is nontransferable. Distribution and access is limited only to authorized personnel.

Disclosure, reproduction, distribution or unauthorized use may be a violation of federal and state laws and may subject the unauthorized user to criminal liability.

 DBT America Inc. 2001 All rights reserved.

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SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL NOTATIONS Throughout this manual there are specific notations that are either UPPERCASE BOLD, UNDERLINED or ITALICIZED for the primary purpose of emphasis. Please pay special attention to such statements as they regard safety or critical maintenance installation information.

You will also see the following:

NOTICE: THIS NOTATION DENOTES A REFERENCE TO PREVIOUSLY STATED INSTRUCTIONS.

IMPORTANT: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT SPECIAL ATTENTION MUST BE ADHERED TO IN THE ATTACHED STATEMENT.

CAUTION: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A CUT, BRUISE OR ABRASION.

WARNING: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A LOST TIME ACCIDENT.

DANGER: THIS SYMBOL DENOTES THAT FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED STATEMENT COULD RESULT IN A SERIOUS INJURY OR FATALITY.

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DANGER ONLY TRAINED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL SHOULD OPERATE OR PERFORM MAINTENANCE ON THE MODEL 488 SERIES UN-A-TRAC ®.

FAILURE TO ADHERE TO DANGERS, WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS, NOTED IN THIS MANUAL, COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. FAILURE TO OPERATE OR MAINTAIN THIS 488 SERIES UN-A-TRAC ® IN STRICT ADHERENCE TO THESE INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS IN THIS MANUAL COULD VOID THE WARRANTY.

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MAJOR HAZARDS AREA WHERE HAZARD CAN OCCUR

HAZARD WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF PRECAUTIONS AND SAFEGUARDS ARE NOT OBEYED

SAFEGUARDS HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

ENTIRE MACHINE

Movement of machine can run over or crush body parts between machine and other objects and cause irreparable injury or death.

Keep alI people out of Hazard Zone (page 21). Use extreme caution when moving machine. The machine should be properly shutdown (see page 29) before the operator leaves the operator's compartment.

OPERATOR'S AREA

Operation of machine with head, arms, or hands outside of operator's compartment could cause irreparable injury or death if body parts strike or are crushed between machine and outside objects.

Keep head, arms, hands, inside operator's compartment at alI times.

BUCKET

Ejector blade being returned could cause irreparable injury or death if body parts or persons are crushed between ejector blade and the back of the bucket.

Keep alI hands, arms, legs, feet and persons out from between the ejector blade and the back of the bucket. The machine must be properly shutdown for service (see page 29).

CENTER SECTION (ARTICULATION POINT)

Machine could be steered crushing persons, hands, feet, or legs in the articulation area.

Keep alI persons, hands, feet, legs, out of articulation area and off the top and out from under the machine. Machine should be properly shutdown (page 29) before servicing. The machine must also be blocked under the battery end, bucket, and center section.

The steering lock (page 30) must be installed when working in or around the center section.

UNDERNEATH DURING SERVICE

Machine raised for service could fall and crush persons or body parts underneath.

If machine must be raised for service, it must be securely blocked so that all wheels may safely turn (see maintenance page 45).

5

Keep the machine’s protective canopy securely in place at all times.

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MAJOR HAZARDS (CONT.) AREA WHERE HAZARD CAN OCCUR

HAZARD WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF PRECAUTIONS AND SAFEGUARDS ARE NOT OBEYED

SAFEGUARDS HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

ELECTRICAL (BATTERY, CONTROLLER, MOTORS, ETC.)

Electrical shock could cause irreparable injury or death.

The electrical system should be maintained by certified electricians.

The battery should be disconnected before servicing the motors or controller. When the controller cover is removed, allow one minute for the capacitors to discharge.

BATTERY

The battery produces lethal amounts of power whether connected to the machine or not.

The battery should be maintained by qualified personnel. (Refer to DBT America Inc. "INSTALLATION, USE, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF MINE POWER STORAGE BATTERIES,” PART NUMBER A6474X26, for complete instructions).

Battery covers could fall crushing hands or arms.

Be sure cover supports are in place when working on battery.

Body parts could be crushed under battery tray.

Keep all body parts from under battery tray.

Batteries produce explosive gases that could be ignited causing burns or explosions.

Batteries should be well vented before servicing particularly if welding or burning on the battery.

Batteries contain strong acid that could cause severe burns if spilled or splashed on body parts or in the eyes.

Protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear must be worn when working on batteries.

If part of a hydraulic circuit is removed while there is a load on a cylinder in the circuit, the cylinder could drop the load.

Securely block or remove any load from the cylinder before disconnecting the hose or circuit.

HYDRAULIC

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND GUIDELINES OVERVIEW Before you operate, maintain or in any other way, use this unit READ and STUDY this guide. KNOW how to safely use the unit's controls and what you must do for safe maintenance.

ALWAYS wear or use the proper safety items required for your personal protection.

If you have ANY QUESTIONS about the safe use or maintenance of this unit: ASK YOUR SUPERVISOR - NEVER GUESS - ALWAYS CHECK

PRE-START INSPECTION Read this entire guide BEFORE attempting to operate this unit. You should be familiar with the controls and their functions before the unit is energized.

INSPECT your machine by doing a pre-operational inspection. missing parts corrected or replaced before use.

Have any malfunctioning, broken or

VERIFY that all maintenance has been performed.

VERIFY that all the instruction and safety labels are in place and readable. These are as important as any other equipment on the machine.

CLEAN any foreign material from the operator's compartment.

THIS Model 488 Series UN-A-TRAC® was shipped from the factory equipped with a protective canopy.

This canopy MUST be securely in place before operating the unit.

STARTING DO NOT operate any levers or pedals from outside the operator's compartment to keep the machine from hitting you or other personnel.

FOLLOW the instructions in the STARTING PROCEDURES section of this guide (page 23).

DO NOT operate any levers or pedals if anyone is in the Hazard Zone (page 21).

BE familiar with the operation of the tape switches and be prepared for the sudden stop when the tape switches are struck.

OPERATING ALWAYS make sure that no person or obstruction is in your line of travel BEFORE starting the unit into motion or in the articulation area when steering the unit.

NEVER climb onto, or climb out of the machine while it is in motion.

DO NOT operate the machine with any part of your body outside of the operator's compartment in order to prevent body parts from being crushed between the machine and objects outside.

USE extreme caution and be observant when working in close quarters or in congested or blind-travel areas. The warning gong should be sounded to alert personnel of your movement.

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NEVER carry passengers to prevent the passengers from being thrown off or crushed between the machine and outside objects.

ALWAYS look in all directions BEFORE changing your direction of travel. The warning gong should be sounded when changing directions.

ALWAYS follow all safety rules of each particular mine when operating the machine.

If problems or equipment malfunctions are encountered while operating the unit, it must be properly shutdown (see page 29) and the problem repaired. Continuing to use malfunctioning equipment can not only be unsafe for the operator and other personnel, but can lead to further damage to the unit as well.

STOPPING DO NOT leave the operator's compartment with the unit running. ALWAYS properly shutdown the unit (page 29) before leaving the operator's compartment.

ALWAYS park the unit on solid, level ground. If this is not possible, park the unit at a right angle to the slope to prevent accidental movement of the machine.

Use proper flags, warnings or barriers when parking in areas of traffic. Chock all four wheels in both directions whenever possible.

MAINTENANCE AVOID, whenever possible, servicing, cleaning or examining the machine in congested areas.

AVOID, whenever possible, servicing or providing maintenance to the unit unless the wheels are adequately chocked to prevent accidental movement of the unit.

DO NOT alter the electrical or hydraulic settings from that indicated in this operation guide or as set at the factory.

ALWAYS replace damaged or lost decals or metal instruction plates. Refer to the Parts Manual for the proper location and part number of decals and plates.

DISCONNECT the battery when working with the electrical system, or when welding on the unit to prevent electrical shock.

BE SURE the battery area is well ventilated (clear of fumes) when it is necessary to connect battery charger. Fumes from the battery could ignite by a spark and explode.

ALWAYS connect the steering lockout device before performing maintenance.

ALWAYS follow all safety procedures of each particular mine when performing maintenance.

It is important that any procedure not specifically recommended in this guide be thoroughly evaluated from the standpoint of safety before it is implemented.

Some illustrations in this manual may show guards or cover panels removed for purposes of clarity. Never operate unit without guards and cover panels in place.

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INTRODUCTION

FIGURE 1 – MODEL 488L UN-A-TRAC ®

FIGURE 2 - MODEL 488-6 UN-A-TRAC ®

The DBT America Inc. Model 488 Series UN-A-TRAC® can be one of the most useful and safe machines found underground today, IF IT IS OPERATED CORRECTLY BY A PROPERLY TRAINED OPERATOR. Before operating the Model 488 Series UN-A-TRAC®, study the illustration (Figure 3, page 11) to become familiar with the controls and read the description of each control. If a word is in quotation marks and capital letters, such as "OFF" or "ON," that word is found as a label on the UN-A-TRAC®.

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CONTROLS AND INDICATOR FIGURE 3 – OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT TAPE SWITCH (PANIC STRIP) (SEE PAGE 15)

LEFT HAND STEERING (OPTIONAL) (SEE PAGE 18)

EMERGENCY DISCONNECT (SEE PAGE 15)

FIRE SUPPRESSION ACTUATOR (SEE PAGE 12)

GAUGE PANEL (SEE PAGE 16)

CIRCUIT BREAKER RESET (SEE PAGE 14)

LA 2000 DISPLAY (SEE PAGE 16)

SPEED-SWITCH (ACCELERATOR) (SEE PAGE 12) SEAT (SEE PAGE 23)

CONTROL STATION (SEE PAGE 13)

DIF-LOK (OPTIONAL) (SEE PAGE 17)

SERVICE BRAKE PEDAL (SEE PAGE 11)

BRAKE RELEASE HAND PUMP (NOT SHOWN) (SEE PAGE 20)

HYDRAULIC CONTROL PANEL (SEE PAGE 18)

NOTE: LOCATION OF CONTROLS MAY VARY.

BEFORE OPERATING ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS ON THE UN-A-TRAC® ALWAYS MAKE SURE NO ONE IS IN THE HAZARD ZONE (PAGE 21). DO NOT OPERATE ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS FROM OUTSIDE THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT.

SERVICE BRAKE PEDAL The service brake pedal (Figure 3) is a foot-operated pedal located in front of and to the left of the operator and is used to apply the service brake. The service brake pedal works similarly to an automobile brake pedal. The pedal is normally operated by the left foot. The braking system of the Model 488 Series is wet-disc brakes located in the drive axles.

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FIGURE 4 – FIRE SUPPRESSION ACTUATOR (TYPICAL)

PLUNGER

PIN

CO2 CARTRIDGE (BOMB)

FIRE SUPPRESSION ACTUATORS The two fire suppression (remote) actuators (Figure 3, page 11 and Figure 4, page 12) are located to the operator's right or left in the operator's compartment and on the rear frame of the machine opposite the operator. This particular suppression system is pneumatically actuated and extinguishes with dry chemicals. To actuate the fire suppression system from either of the two actuators pull the safety pin and strike downward on the plunger. Immediately after the plunger is struck, dry chemical will be dispensed throughout the machine.

SPEED-SWITCH (ACCELERATOR) FOOT PEDAL This speed switch foot pedal (Figure 3, page 11), operated by the right foot, is used to start the tram (traveling) motor and regulate the speed of the UN-A-TRAC®.

THE SPEED SWITCH FOOT PEDAL SHOULD NOT BE DEPRESSED AT THE SAME TIME AS THE FOOT BRAKE PEDAL OR WHEN THE PARKING BRAKES ARE SET. TO DO SO MAY OVERLOAD THE TRAM MOTORS AND COULD SHORTEN THEIR USEFULNESS. THE UN-A-TRAC ® IS PROVIDED WITH OVERLOAD PROTECTION, BUT CONTINUED ABUSE CAN SHORTEN MOTOR LIFE.

LIGHT SWITCH LEVER The light switch lever (Figure 5), located to the left of the operator's seat, turns on either pair of the UN-ATRAC® 's headlights. One pair is located on the battery (rear) end and the other pair is located on the bucket (front) end of the UN-A-TRAC®.

MASTER SWITCH LEVER The master switch lever (Figure 5), located to the left of the operator's seat, has four (4) positions: "OFF," "PARK," "FORWARD," and "REVERSE." If the battery (connection box) circuit breaker is in the "ON" position and the master switch lever is in "PARK," "FORWARD" or "REVERSE" position, the hydraulic pump's electric motor can be started by pressing the pump start button and holding it for approximately one (1) second and release. At this point the pump motor will be operating making a whining sound. This is normal. "PARK" position of the master switch allow the unit's pump motor to run without being able to tram in either direction. "FORWARD" position of the master switch means that the UN-A-TRAC® is ready 12

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to tram forward in the direction of the bucket. "REVERSE" position of the master switch means that the UN-A-TRAC® is ready to tram backwards in the direction of the batteries. The speed switch foot pedal must be depressed before the UN-A-TRAC® will move in either direction.

To change the direction of travel: A. Release the speed switch foot pedal and stop the UN-A-TRAC® by depressing the service brake pedal.

B. Change the position of the master switch lever.

C. Release the service brake pedal and depress the speed switch foot pedal.

NEVER CHANGE THE MASTER SWITCH LEVER FROM "FORWARD" TO "REVERSE" OR FROM "REVERSE" TO "FORWARD" WHILE THE UN-ATRAC ® IS IN MOTION OR WHILE THE SPEED SWITCH FOOT PEDAL IS DEPRESSED. PUMP START SWITCH The pump start switch is a push button located on the front cover panel of the control station enclosure (Figure 5). If the emergency manual “POWER DISCONNECT” switch is in the "ON” position (pulled out), the master switch is in "PARK” position, and the pump start switch is pushed, the hydraulic pump's electric motor will operate, making a whining sound. This is normal.

FIGURE 5 – CONTROL STATION LIGHT SWITCH LEVER

PARK BRAKE RELEASE SWITCH (BUTTON)

MASTER SWITCH LEVER PUMP MOTOR START SWITCH (BUTTON)

AUTOMATIC PARK BRAKE RELEASE SWITCH The Automatic Emergency/Park Brake is a Spring Applied / Hydraulically Released (SAHR) park brake caliper mounted on the output shaft of the tram motor gearbox. The automatic park brake release switch is located on the cover panel of the control station enclosure (Figure 5). If the pump motor is running and the directional switch is in “FORWARD” or “REVERSE” position, the spring applied park brake will release when the push-button is depressed.

Anytime one of the following occurs, the electric motor is immediately disconnected and the brake is automatically applied and brings the vehicle to a stop within 5 seconds.

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A. either of the panic tape switches/bar is struck or; B. the master switch is turned to the “OFF” position or; C. the master switch is turned to the “PARK” position or; D. the emergency manual “POWER DISCONNECT” switch is in the “OFF” position or; E. the circuit breaker is in the “OFF” position or; F. the circuit breaker is in the “TRIPPED” position.

BEFORE THE MACHINE IS MOVED THE AUTOMATIC EMERGENCY/PARK BRAKE MUST BE RELEASED.

CIRCUIT BREAKER RESET LEVER The circuit breaker reset lever (Figure 3, page 11 and Figure 6), located in front of and to the right of the operator is used to reset the connection box (batteries) breaker when it has tripped. This circuit breaker is located in the connection box in the rear section of the UN-A-TRAC®. If the breaker has tripped, the reset lever must be moved to the "RESET” position first and then to the "ON” position.

THE CIRCUIT BREAKER DE-ENERGIZES THE ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER AND MOTORS. HOWEVER, ELECTRICAL POWER IS STILL PRESENT INSIDE THE CONNECTION BOX TO THE CIRCUIT BREAKER. IF THE CIRCUIT BREAKER INSIDE THE CONNECTION BOX REQUIRES SERVICE, THE BATTERY PLUGS MUST BE DISCONNECTED FROM THE BATTERIES. The circuit breaker is not intended as an "ON-OFF" switch for normal operation. Except in an emergency, the UN-A-TRAC® should be SHUTDOWN by first moving the master switch to the "OFF" position and then moving the circuit breaker to the "OFF" position.

THE CIRCUIT BREAKER SHOULD BE IN THE “OFF” POSITION AND THE PARKING BRAKE SET BEFORE THE OPERATOR LEAVES THE OPERATOR’S SEAT. IN AN EMERGENCY, THE OPERATOR CAN STOP THE UN-A-TRAC ®

BY STRIKING THE TAPE SWITCH, WHICH TRIPS THE CIRCUIT BREAKER. THE UNIT CAN ALSO BE STOPPED BY MOVING THE CIRCUIT BREAKER LEVER TO THE “OFF” POSITION. ALL ELECTRICAL SWITCHES IN THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT MUST BE IN THE "OFF" POSITION BEFORE MOVING THE CIRCUIT BREAKER LEVER TO THE "ON” POSITION. FIGURE 6 – CIRCUIT BREAKER RESET LEVER

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TAPE SWITCH (PANIC STRIP) The UN-A-TRAC® is equipped with two (2) tape switches (Figure 7) located in the operator’s compartment. One is located to the right and one is located to the left while sitting in the operator’s seat.

The tape switches are used to break the control circuit only in emergency situations, stopping all motors.

Striking with a small amount of force can actuate either tape switch.

FIGURE 7 – TAPE SWITCHES (PANIC STRIP)

EMERGENCY DISCONNECT LEVER The emergency disconnect handle (Figure 8), is used to disconnect power to the motors through a switch located inside the controller enclosure. To disconnect power, push the lever in. To reset the switch, pull the lever back out.

FIGURE 8 – EMERGENCY DISCONNECT LEVER

WARNING GONG The warning gong (Figure 9), is located to the operator's right. It is sounded by striking the knob in the center of the gong. This warning gong should be used in accordance with the safety standards at the mine where the UN-A-TRAC® will be used.

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FIGURE 9 – WARNING GONG WARNING GONG

LA 2000 DASHBOARD DISPLAY (OPTIONAL) The Optional LA 2000 display (Figure 3, page 11) is located in front of and to the right of the operator’s seat.

Features include:

• • • •

Battery discharge indicator Hour meter displaying tram-on hours Hour meter displaying pump-on hours Rotating display showing: 1. Battery voltage 2. Pump motor current 3. Diagnostic fault status FOR MORE DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS ON THE LA 2000 DISPLAY SEE OPERATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE PART NUMBER A6474X208.

GAUGE PANEL (OPTIONAL) The gauge panel (Figure 10) is located directly in front of the operator’s seat. It has two (2) gauges, one (1) for dif-lok pressure and one (1) for brake pressure. During operation the gauges should read as listed in the table below.

GAUGE PANEL AXLE ASSEMBLY John Deere Meritor

DIF-LOK PRESSURE 600 psi Max (41 bar) 1000 psi Max (69 bar)

BRAKE PRESSURE (When Applied) 400 psi Max (28 bar) 1200 psi Max (83 bar)

SHOULD THE DIF-LOK OR BRAKE PRESSURE EXCEED THE MAXIMUM READING AS LISTED ABOVE, SHUTDOWN THE UN-A-TRAC ® AND CALL A MAINTENANCE PERSON (SEE PAGE 29 FOR SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE).

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FIGURE 10 – GAUGE PANEL AND DIF-LOK (OPTIONAL)

DIF-LOK PRESSURE

BRAKE PRESSURE

DIF-LOK

DIF-LOK (OPTIONAL) The operator controlled “DIF-LOK” actuator (Figure 10) is located to the operator’s left and on the floor.

When actuated, pushed in, the differential locks are engaged in both the front and rear axles. To release the differential lock, pull out on the push button.

GENERAL HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM INFORMATION In the operator's compartment located to the right of the operator’s seat is a group of control levers and gauges (Figure 11). These levers control the steering, bucket position, ejector blade position, winch operation and battery changer system by means of a hydraulic valve bank located behind the panel to the operator's right. The gauges include emergency brake, accumulator, and system pressure. The hydraulic system pressure relief valve is set at the factory at 2000 psi (138 bar), and should not be changed. Should the "SYSTEM PRESSURE" gauge (Figure 11) read more than 2250 psi (155 bar), SHUTDOWN the Model 488-6 and call a maintenance person (see page 29 for Shutdown Procedure).

HYDRAULIC CONTROL PANEL GAUGES GAUGE PRESSURE READING Emergency Brake 1500 – 1800 psi (103 –124 bar) Accumulator 1500 – 1875 psi (103 – 129 bar) System Pressure 2250 psi (155 bar)

SHOULD EITHER GAUGE SHOW ABOVE OR BELOW THE PRESSURES LISTED ABOVE, SHUTDOWN THE UN-A-TRAC ® AND CALL A MAINTENANCE PERSON (SEE PAGE 29 FOR SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE).

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FIGURE 11 – HYDRAULIC CONTROL PANEL

EMERGENCY BRAKE

STEERING LEVER

BUCKET LEVER

ACCUMULATOR

EJECTOR LEVER

PTO / WINCH LEVER

SYSTEM PRESSURE

BATTERY LEVER

"STEERING" CONTROL LEVER The steering control Lever (Figure 11) is used to steer the UN-A-TRAC®. To steer left while moving forward (right while moving in reverse), push the steering control lever slowly away from the operator. To turn right while moving forward (left while moving in reverse), pull the steering control lever slowly toward the operator.

"LEFT-HAND STEERING" CONTROL LEVER (OPTIONAL) The optional left-hand steering control Lever (Figure 12) is used to steer the UN-A-TRAC®. To steer left while moving forward (right while moving in reverse), push the steering control lever slowly away from the operator. To turn right while moving forward (left while moving in reverse), pull the steering control lever slowly toward the operator.

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FIGURE 12 – “LEFT-HAND STEERING” CONTROL LEVER

LEFT-HAND STEERING CONTROL LEVER

"BUCKET" CONTROL LEVER The "BUCKET” control lever (Figure 11) is used to control the position of the bucket. When the "BUCKET" control lever is pulled to the right, toward the operator, the front end of the bucket will move up, toward the roof. When the "BUCKET" control lever is pushed to the left, away from the operator, the bucket will move down, toward the bottom. If the bucket control lever is held in the "DOWN" position, the bucket will continue to lower until the front wheels of the unit are raised off the ground. The "FLOAT” position of the "BUCKET" control lever will allow the bucket to lower to the ground and follow the contour of the mine bottom using the weight of the bucket. This can be useful when doing clean-up work.

HOLDING THE "BUCKET" CONTROL LEVER IN THE DOWN POSITION CAN RAISE THE FRONT END OF THE MACHINE OFF THE GROUND AND COULD CAUSE THE TOP OF THE MACHINE TO STRIKE THE ROOF OF THE MINE, CRUSHING PERSONS OR BODY PARTS IN BETWEEN. MAKE SURE THAT NO ONE IS IN THE HAZARD ZONE (PAGE 21) BEFORE MOVING ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS. WHEN THE UNIT IS TO BE SHUTDOWN, THE BUCKET SHOULD BE LOWERED TO THE GROUND TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL MOVEMENT OF THE BUCKET. IF THE "BUCKET" CONTROL LEVER IS MOVED WHEN THE UNIT IS SHUTDOWN, THE BUCKET COULD DROP, EVEN IF ALL OTHER LEVERS AND PEDALS ARE IN THE "OFF" POSITION.

"EJECTOR" CONTROL LEVER The "EJECTOR" lever (Figure 11) operates the ejector blade located in the bucket. The ejector blade pushes out everything in its path, emptying the bucket. When the "EJECTOR" lever is pushed away from the operator ("OUT”), the ejector blade should move toward the front of the bucket (extend.) When the "EJECTOR" lever is pulled toward the operator, the ejector blade should move toward the back of the bucket (retract). When the ejector blade is not being used, it should be resting in the retracted position.

BEFORE MOVING THE "EJECTOR" CONTROL LEVER, VERIFY THAT NO ONE HAS ANY PART OF HIS BODY BETWEEN THE EJECTOR BLADE AND THE BACK OF THE BUCKET. ALSO KEEP ANY OBSTRUCTIONS FROM BEHIND THE EJECTOR BLADE SO IT CAN RETURN COMPLETELY TO THE BACK OF THE BUCKET.

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"WINCH" CONTROL LEVER (OPTIONAL) The "WINCH” control lever (Figure11) controls the flow of hydraulic oil to the winch. When the control lever is pushed away from the operator the winch will pay out cable. Pulling the control lever toward the operator will reel in the cable.

"2-SPEED WINCH" CONTROL The "2-SPEED WINCH” control lever, located in the floor and to the right of the operator is used to control the speed of the winch. Pulling the lever toward the operator allows the winch to operate at high speed for rewinding cable. Pushing the lever away from the operator allows the winch to operate at slow speed for winching a load.

THE "BATTERY CHANGER" LEVER SHOULD ONLY BE OPERATED AT A BATTERY CHANGE STATION. THE BATTERY MAY BE DAMAGED IF ACCIDENTALLY RAISED IN A LOW ROOF AREA.

“BATTERY CHANGER” CONTROL LEVER The "BATTERY" lever (Figure 11) controls the battery changing system, which is made up of two hydraulic cylinders (battery lifting cylinders), one on each side of the batteries. When the "BATTERY” control lever is pulled toward the operator, the battery-lifting cylinders will raise the batteries. Pushing the handle away from the operator will lower the batteries.

THE BATTERIES CANNOT BE CHANGED ON UN-A-TRAC ®’S THAT HAVE VERTICAL LIFT BATTERY CHANGING IF THE BATTERIES ARE NOT LEVEL WHEN IN THE RAISED POSITION. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON HOW TO CHANGE THE BATTERIES SEE THE BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (PAGES 31 THROUGH 42).

NEVER ATTEMPT TO DISCONNECT A HYDRAULIC HOSE FROM THE BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDERS WITH THE BATTERY IN THE "UP" POSITION. THIS WOULD ALLOW THE BATTERY TO FALL AND COULD RESULT IN INJURY.

HYDRAULIC PTO ACTUATOR The hydraulic PTO actuator (Figure 11), located to the right of the operator is used to engage the hydraulic PTO. Shifting the control lever either up or down will engage the hydraulic PTO system.

BRAKE RELEASE HAND PUMP The automatic emergency brakes are spring-applied (on), pressure-release (off) brakes located in the driveline. The automatic (park) brake is normally released using the "PARK BRAKE" release switch (see "PARK BRAKE”, page 11). Should hydraulic system failure occur, the automatic (park) brake can be released using the manual brake release hand pump. To release the brakes using the hand pump, turn the hand pump selector valve to the set position. Pump the hand pump until the brake release valve indicates the required minimum 1500 psi (103 bar).

THIS COMPLETES CONTROLS AND INDICATORS.

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HAZARD ZONE THE HAZARD ZONE EXISTS UNLESS: A. The battery plug is disconnected from the battery, OR; B. The machine circuit breaker is in the “OFF” or “TRIPPED” position.

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STARTING PROCEDURE After reading the previous descriptions and locating each control, the operator is ready to operate the UN-A-TRAC®. An experienced operator should monitor a new operator's indoctrination to the starting procedure.

EXCEEDING 5 MPH (8 kph) WITH THIS MACHINE WILL RESULT IN TRAM MOTOR FAILURE.

CHECK THE BATTERY CONNECTIONS AND THE BATTERY COVERS. THEY MUST BE IN PLACE AND LOCKED TO BE PERMISSIBLE (FIGURE 33, PAGE 43).

NEVER OPERATE ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS FROM OUTSIDE THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT. THIS UNIT IS EQUIPPED WITH A CAB OR CANOPY. BE CAREFUL NOT TO HIT YOUR HEAD WHEN ENTERING OR LEAVING THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT. THIS MACHINE MUST NOT BE OPERATED WITHOUT THE CANOPY IN PLACE. 1. Adjust the cab/canopy to the maximum height allowable by the conditions of your particular mine.

2. Return the steering lockout device to its carry position. (Figure 13).

4. Sit in the operator's seat.

BE SURE NO ONE IS IN THE HAZARD ZONE (PAGE 21) BEFORE OPERATING ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS.

4. Before starting the UN-A-TRAC®, the following switches should be in the “OFF” position.

A. Light switch.

B. Master switch.

5. The UN-A-TRAC® is equipped with an adjustable seat that can be adjusted closer to or farther from the foot pedals. If adjustment is required: A. Adjust position of headrest for maximum visibility available within operating limits.

B. Adjust the seat position relative to the foot and hand controls. To move the seat closer to or further away from the pedals, remove the bolts that hold the seat to the floor, move the seat to the desired position and replace the bolts.

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NEVER TRY TO ADJUST THE OPERATOR’S SEAT WHILE THE UN-A-TRAC ® IS IN MOTION. 6. Move the circuit breaker lever to the "ON" position.

DO NOT OPERATE UN-A-TRAC ® IF EITHER TAPE SWITCH IS NOT OPERATIONAL. 7. Strike the tape switch to confirm that it is operational.

NOTE: By striking the tape switch the circuit breaker should trip out.

8. Move the light switch to the "ON" position to turn on the headlights in the direction of travel. The light switch will click when it is placed in either "ON" position.

9. Select “PARK” on the control station panel using the master switch. “FORWARD” position of the master switch means that the UN-A-TRAC® is ready to tram forward in the direction of the bucket.

“REVERSE” position of the master switch means that the UN-A-TRAC® is ready to tram in the opposite direction. When the master switch is moved to the “PARK”, “FORWARD”, or “REVERSE” position, the hydraulic pump’s electric motor can be started.

10. Push and hold the pump start button on the front cover of the control station enclosure until a whining sound is heard. The charging and unloading valve will automatically recharge the accumulator if it is below the 1500 psi (103 bar) recharge level. The “ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE” gauge will indicate the moving up of the pressure until the pressure 1875 psi (129 bar) is reached.

11. Check the service break by pumping the foot break pedal two times. The “ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE” gauge will drop incrementally with each actuation. Continue to actuate the brake pedal until the “ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE” gauge drops to a point that the charging and unloading valve recharges, which should be 1500 psi (103 bar). The pump motor will make a higher pitched sound as the accumulator is recharged. If the gauge does not indicate this, shutdown the UN-A-TRAC® (see SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE page 29 and call a maintenance person. If the “ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE” bleeds off, call a maintenance person. Or, if it falls below 1500 psi (103 bar) and does not automatically recharge, call a maintenance person.

12. If the whining sound is heard, go to Step 13. If the whining sound is not heard: A. Move the master switch to the "OFF" position.

B. Move the light switch to the "OFF" position.

C. Check the circuit breaker: if it is still in the "ON" position, call a maintenance person; if it is in the "TRIPPED" position, return all switches to the "OFF" position, and reset the circuit breaker. Repeat steps 8, 9, 10 and 11; if the sound is still not heard, call a maintenance person; if it is heard, proceed to step 13.

13. Move the steering control lever slowly back and forth to get the feel of how the UN-A-TRAC® will steer.

14. Select the direction of travel by setting the master switch to either "FORWARD" or "REVERSE."

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DO NOT OPERATE THE UN-A-TRAC ® WITH ANY PART OF YOUR BODY OUTSIDE THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT TO PREVENT HAVING BODY PARTS CAUGHT BETWEEN THE UNIT AND OUTSIDE OBJECTS. BE SURE NO ONE IS IN THE HAZARD ZONE (PAGE 21) BEFORE OPERATING ANY LEVERS OR PEDALS. 15. The warning gong (Figure 9, page 16) found to the operator's right, is sounded by hitting the knob in the center of the gong. This warning gong should be used in accordance with the safety standards at the mine where the UN-A-TRAC® will be used.

16. Hold the brake pedal depressed and release the automatic emergency brakes by pushing in the "PARK BRAKE" release button located on the control station cover assembly. Hold the button in until the gauge reads the required minimum 800 psi (55 bar).

17. The UN-A-TRAC® is now ready to tram (travel). Slowly release the foot brake pedal, and then slowly depress the speed-switch foot pedal.

THE UN-A-TRAC ® IS EQUIPPED WITH A SOLID STATE SPEED CONTROLLER. THIS MEANS THAT THE FARTHER THE SPEED SWITCH FOOT PEDAL IS DEPRESSES, THE FASTER THE UN-A-TRAC ® WILL TRAM. The UN-A-TRAC® can be stopped at any time in case of emergency by moving the circuit breaker to the "OFF" position and depressing the foot pedal, OR by striking the tape switch AND depressing the foot brake pedal. When the tape switch is struck, the machine circuit breaker will trip. This disconnects the motors and applies the automatic emergency brake.

THIS COMPLETES STARTING PROCEDURE.

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TOWING A DISABLED MACHINE IT IS NOT POSSIBLE, WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS GUIDE, TO ANTICIPATE ALL POSSIBLE ARRANGEMENTS FOR TOWING A DISABLED UNIT. BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO TOW ANY VEHICLE, YOU MUST TAKE ALL POSSIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT THE OPERATORS AND ANY ONE AROUND BOTH VEHICLES FROM BEING INJURED BY EITHER THE TOWING VEHICLE, THE TOWING DEVICES OR THE VEHICLE BEING TOWED. THE PRIMARY TOWING DEVICE USED (CABLES, BARS, ETC.) AND THE TOWING VEHICLE (SCOOP, TRACTOR, ETC.) MUST BE STRONG AND HEAVY ENOUGH TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF BOTH VEHICLES THROUGH ALL BOTTOM CONDITIONS TO BE ENCOUNTERED AT ALL TIMES. SAFETY CHAINS OR OTHER SAFETY DEVICES MUST BE USED IN CASE OF FAILURE OF THE PRIMARY TOWING DEVICE. ALL OPERATORS MUST BE ALERT AT ALL TIMES TO PREVENT EITHER UNIT FROM "RUNNING AWAY" OR RUNNING OUT OF CONTROL DURING TOWING. THE VEHICLE TO BE TOWED MUST BE SECURELY COUPLED TO THE TOWING VEHICLE BEFORE THE BRAKES ARE RELEASED ON THE DISABLED UNIT. THE OPERATOR OF THE TOWING VEHICLE MUST BE IN PLACE IN THE TOWING VEHICLE WITH THE BRAKES APPLIED BEFORE THE BRAKES OF THE DISABLED VEHICLE ARE RELEASED. 1. Couple the towing vehicle securely to the disabled vehicle.

2. Close the valve to tank circuit that is on the hand pump. This isolates the park brake solenoid from the circuit.

3. Begin pumping the hand pump. The building pressure moves the shuttle valve and allows the Automatic (Park) Brake system to be pressurized.

4. The Automatic (Park) Brake is "released" as indicated by the Brake Release gauge.

AT NO TIME DURING TOWING SHOULD ANYONE RIDE IN OR ON THE VEHICLE BEING TOWED OR STAND IN BETWEEN THE TOWING VEHICLE AND THE DISABLED VEHICLE. 5. Begin towing the vehicle.

6. Once the destination is reached, stop both vehicles and set the parking brake on the disabled vehicle before removing the towing devices. The disabled vehicle should be choked in both directions at all four wheels for additional stability. The brake is "set' by opening the valve on the hand-pump.

FAILURE TO SET THE PARKING BRAKE ON THE DISABLED VEHICLE BEFORE REMOVING THE TOWING DEVICE COULD ALLOW THE DISABLED VEHICLE TO ROLL AWAY UNCONTROLLED.

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SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE 1. Tram the UN-A-TRAC® to its designated parking place.

2. Stop the UN-A-TRAC® by releasing the speed-switch foot pedal and depressing the service brake pedal. When the speed-switch foot pedal is released, the tram (traveling) motor will stop. Applying the foot brake will stop forward (or reverse) motion. The hydraulic pump's electric motor will still be running, making a whining sound.

ALWAYS CHECK BEFORE MOVING THE EJECTOR BLADE CONTROL LEVER TO MAKE SURE NO ONE HAS ANY PART OF HIS BODY BETWEEN THE EJECTOR BLADE AND THE BACK OF THE BUCKET. 4. Pull the ejector blade control lever toward the operator to move the ejector blade to the rear of the bucket. There should be no obstructions behind the ejector blade.

5. Lower the bucket to the ground as far as it will go without raising the front wheels off the ground.

6. Move the master switch to the "OFF" position. This should stop the hydraulic pump's electric motor and apply the automatic emergency brake.

7. Move the light switch to the "OFF" position to turn off the headlights.

8. Move the circuit breaker to the "OFF" position. It is now safe to leave the UN-A-TRAC®.

NEVER ENTER THE ARTICULATION AREA WHILE THE MACHINE IS RUNNING. COMPLETELY SHUTDOWN THE MACHINE AS OUTLINED BEFORE CONNECTING THE STEERING LOCKOUT DEVICE. FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS PRECAUTION MAY RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH. 9. Move the steering lockout device (Figure 13) from the stored position to the locked position: A. Remove the pin from the end of the locking device nearest the center section.

B. Swing the locking device around toward the rear of the machine.

C. Adjust the turnbuckle until holes line up between the turnbuckle lug and the rear section lug.

D. Insert the hitch pin into the rear section lug through the turnbuckle.

THIS UNIT IS EQUIPPED WITH A CANOPY. BE CAREFUL NOT TO HIT YOUR HEAD WHEN ENTERING OR LEAVING THE OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT. IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY, THE UN-A-TRAC ® MAY ALSO BE SHUTDOWN BY STRIKING THE TAPE SWITCH. WHEN THE TAPE SWITCH IS STRUCK, THE MACHINE CIRCUIT BREAKER WILL TRIP. THIS DISCONNECTS THE MOTORS AND APPLIES THE AUTOMATIC EMERGENCY BRAKE. BE PREPARED FOR THE SUDDEN STOP WHEN THE TAPE SWITCHES ARE STRUCK.

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FIGURE 13 – STEERING LOCKOUT DEVICE

HITCH PIN

STEERING LOCK (SHOWN IN LOCKED POSITION)

STEERING LOCK (SHOWN IN STORED POSITION)

IF THE MACHINE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM IS DISABLED AND THE AUTOMATIC (PARK) BRAKE HAS BEEN RELEASED USING THE BRAKE HAND PUMP, THE SELECTOR VALVE ON THE HAND PUMP MUST BE RETURNED TO THE SET POSITION TO SET THE AUTOMATIC BRAKE. IF THE AUTOMATIC (PARK) BRAKE IS NOT RE-SET AFTER BEING RELEASED WITH THE HAND PUMP, THE MACHINE COULD MOVE OR ROLL OFF, CAUSING INJURY TO PERSONS AROUND THE MACHINE OR OTHER OBJECTS. THIS COMPLETES THE SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE.

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BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) Two people are needed to change the battery in the UN-A-TRAC®. Since one person may step into the Hazard Zone, the other person (operating the UN-A-TRAC®) must be very careful and look each time before moving any levers or pedals. Take time now to refamiliarize yourself with the Hazard Zone (page 21).

The battery table must be placed on level ground and the tires fully inflated to130 psi (9 bar).

1. Line up the battery end of the UN-A-TRAC® with an empty battery table (Figure 14) (see Starting Procedure, page 23).

FIGURE 14 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT)

CHARGED BATTERY

BATTERY TABLE

DISCHARGED BATTERY

BATTERY TABLE

BATTERY TRAY

CIRCUIT BREAKER

THE "BATTERY" LEVER SHOULD NEVER BE OPERATED EXCEPT AT A BATTERY CHANGE STATION. IF THE "BATTERY" LEVER IS OPERATED IN A LOW ROOF AREA, THE BATTERIES MAY BE DAMAGED. NEVER ATTEMPT TO DISCONNECT A HYDRAULIC HOSE FROM THE BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDERS WHILE THE BATTERIES ARE IN THE UP POSITION. THIS WOULD ALLOW THE BATTERIES TO FALL AND COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY. TO SERVICE THE BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDERS, THE BATTERIES MUST BE RESTING SECURELY ON A BATTERY CHANGE TABLE.

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2. Raise the battery tray completely by pulling the "BATTERY" lever. The battery should remain level as it rises. The bottom of the battery tray should rise above the top of the battery table (Figure 15). If the battery is level, go to Step 3. If one side of the battery tray goes up faster than the other side, lower the battery tray by pushing the “BATTERY” lever and continue to hold the lever in this position for one-half to one minute after the battery is seated. Try to raise the battery again. If difficulty in raising the battery level is still encountered, SHUTDOWN the UN-A-TRAC® and call a maintenance person. The battery cannot be changed if it is not level when in the raised position.

FIGURE 15 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) EMPTY BATTERY TABLE

DISCHARGED BATTERY

BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDER ROD

3. After the battery tray is fully raised, tram the UN-A-TRAC® backward until the battery is positioned completely over the battery change table (Figure 16).

FIGURE 16 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDER ROD

DISCHARGED BATTERY

BATTERY TABLE

CONTACT POINT

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4. Lower the battery tray on to the battery table by pushing the “BATTERY” lever away from the operator and holding the lever until the battery lifting cylinder rods are completely retracted (Figure 17).

FIGURE 17 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) BATTERY TABLE

DISCHARGED BATTERY

5. SHUTDOWN the UN-A-TRAC® (see Shutdown Procedure, page 29).

6. After shutting down the UN-A-TRAC®, disconnect the discharged battery: A. Move the battery circuit breaker to the "OFF" position.

B. Unlock and remove the padlock at the battery connectors (Figure 33).

C. Grasp the threaded lock ring and rotate it counterclockwise (CCW) until the threads are disengaged and it is free to slide away from the locking lug; the lock ring is designed to move freely but not to come off the plug.

D. Grasp the plug and pull it out, until the plug is completely disconnected from the receptacle; this plug is made to fit very tightly inside the battery receptacle and should not be driven out of the receptacle, dropped, or handled roughly; if the plug (or receptacle) is damaged, it will not fit together properly.

E. Install the cap which is secured to each receptacle by a small chain; this cap is placed over the threaded receptacle and rotated in a clockwise (CW) direction until hand tight and a padlock will fit into the locking lug; the padlocks all use the same key.

7. Connect the jumper cable: A. Connect the receptacle end of the jumper cable to the UN-A-TRAC® and connect the plug end of the jumper cable to the fully charged battery (Figure 18).

B. Secure the jumper cable connections by using the threaded lock rings. These lock rings must be hand tight but do not have to be padlocked. One person should hold the jumper cable so it will not be damaged or run over when the UN-A-TRAC® is moved.

8. Start the UN-A-TRAC® (see Starting Procedure, page 23).

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FIGURE 18 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) JUMPER CABLES

BATTERY TABLE

CHARGED BATTERY

DISCHARGED BATTERY

BATTERY TABLE

9. Line up the UN-A-TRAC® with the charged battery (Figure 19) with the cylinders in the DOWN position. Move the machine until the battery is in position over the battery lifting cylinders (Figure 20).

FIGURE 19 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

DISCHARGED BATTERY

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FIGURE 20 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT)

BATTERY TABLE

CHARGED BATTERY

10. SHUTDOWN the UN-A-TRAC® (see Shutdown Procedure, page 29).

11. Disconnect the jumper cable and connect the charged battery directly to the UN-A-TRAC®'s cable.

Remember to be careful with the plug and to line up the connector prongs when inserting the plug.

After the plug is in the receptacle, the lock ring should be rotated clockwise (CW) until hand tight. The padlock must be in the locking lug and locked for this connection to be permissible.

12. Start the UN-A-TRAC® (see Starting Procedure, page 23).

13. Raise the battery by pulling the “BATTERY” lever. Continue to hold the “BATTERY” lever in this position until the battery is no longer resting on the battery table (Figure 21).

IF THE BATTERY IS NOT COMPLETELY LOWERED BEFORE THE UN-ATRAC ® LEAVES THE BATTERY CHANGE STATION, THE BATTERY MAY FALL OFF OR HIT THE ROOF AND BE DAMAGED. FIGURE 21 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT)

BATTERY TABLE

BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDER ROD

CHARGED BATTERY

CONTACT POINT

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14. Move the UN-A-TRAC® forward to clear the battery table (Figure 22).

FIGURE 22 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT) EMPTY BATTERY TABLE

BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDER ROD

CHARGED BATTERY

15. Lower the battery by pushing the “BATTERY” lever. Continue to hold the “BATTERY” lever in this position until the battery lifting cylinder rods are completely retracted (Figure 23).

FIGURE 23 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (VERTICAL LIFT)

THIS COMPLETES THE VERTICAL LIFT BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE.

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BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL) Two people are needed to change the battery in the UN-A-TRAC®. Since one person may step into the Hazard Zone, the other person (operating the UN-A-TRAC®) must be very careful and look each time before moving any levers or pedals. Take time now to refamiliarize yourself with the Hazard Zone (page 21).

1. Line up the battery end of the UN-A-TRAC® with the place where the battery is to be deposited (Figure 24) (see Starting Procedure, page 23).

FIGURE 24 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)

CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

DISCHARGED BATTERY

THE "BATTERY" CHANGE CONTROL LEVER SHOULD NEVER BE OPERATED EXCEPT AT A BATTERY CHANGE STATION OR WHEN ITS NECESSARY TO ADJUST THE BATTERY'S TERRAIN CLEARANCE. IF THE "BATTERY" CHANGE CONTROL LEVER IS OPERATED IN A LOW ROOF AREA, THE BATTERY MAY BE DAMAGED. 2. UnIatch both battery Iatch pins before placing the battery on the ground (Figure 25). If difficulty is encountered in unlatching the latch pins, it may be necessary to gently shake the battery up and down by using the battery "LIFT” control lever.

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FIGURE 25 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)

BATTERY LATCH PIN

BATTERY LATCH PIN

LATCH PIN SHOWN IN LOCKED POSITION

3.

LATCH PIN SHOWN IN RAISED POSITION

LATCH PIN SHOWN IN UNLOCKED POSITION

Lower the battery completely to the surface by pushing the "BATTERY” change control lever away from the operator. The bottom of the battery should touch the surface (Figure 26).

NEVER ATTEMPT TO DISCONNECT A HYDRAULIC HOSE FROM THE BATTERY LIFTING CYLINDERS WHILE THE BATTERY IS IN THE UP POSITION. THIS COULD CAUSE THE BATTERY TO FALL AND COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY. FIGURE 26 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL) DISCHARGED BATTERY

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4. After the battery is fully lowered, shutdown-the UN-A-TRAC® (see Shutdown Procedure, page 23).

5. After shutting down the UN-A-TRAC®, disconnect the discharged battery (Figure 33, page 43): A. Unlock and remove the padlock at the battery connector.

B. Grasp the threaded lock ring and rotate it counterclockwise (CCW) until the threads are disengaged and it is free to slide away from the locking lug; the lock ring is designed to move freely but to not come off the plug.

C. Grasp the plug and pull it out until the plug is completely disconnected from the receptacle; the plug is made to fit very tightly inside the battery receptacle and-should not be driven out of the receptacle, dropped, or handled roughly; if the plug (or receptacle) is damaged, it will not fit together properly.

D. Install the cap which is secured to a receptacle on the battery by a small chain; this cap is placed over the threaded receptacle and rotated in a clockwise (CW) direction until hand tight and until a padlock will fit into the locking lug; the padlocks all use the same key.

6. Connect the jumper cable: A. Connect the receptacle end of the jumper cable to the plug coming out of the connection box on the UN-A-TRAC® (Figure 27).

B. Connect the plug end of the jumper cable to the fully charged battery.

C. Secure the jumper cable connections by using the threaded lock rings. These lock rings must be hand tight but do not have to be padlocked.

D. One person should hold the jumper cable so it will not be damaged or be run over when the UN-ATRAC® is moved.

FIGURE 27 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL) DISCHARGED BATTERY

CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

7. Start the UN-A-TRAC® (see Starting Procedure, page 23). Gently pull away from the discharged battery while the second person holds the jumper cable away from possible damage (Figure 28).

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FIGURE 28 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL) CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

DISCHARGED BATTERY

8. Line the UN-A-TRAC® up with the fully charged battery. Move the machine back until the lift arms are aligned with the sides of the battery (Figures 29 and 30).

FIGURE 29 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)

CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

DISCHARGED BATTERY

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FIGURE 30 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL) CHARGED BATTERY

JUMPER CABLES

DISCHARGED BATTERY

9. Raise the battery to the carry position by pulling the "BATTERY" change control lever toward the operator (Figure 31).

FIGURE 31 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)

CHARGED BATTERY

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10. Reinsert the latch pins on both sides of the battery (Figure 32). If difficulty is encountered in latching the latch pins, it may be necessary to gently shake the battery up and down by using the battery "LIFT” control lever. Shutdown the UN-A-TRAC® (see Shutdown Procedure, page 29).

FIGURE 32 – BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE (GROUND LEVEL)

LATCH PIN SHOWN IN LOCKED POSITION

11. Disconnect the jumper cable and connect the charged battery directly to the UN-A-TRAC®'s cable (Figure 33, page 43). Remember to be careful with the plugs. After the plug is in the receptacle, the lock ring should be rotated clockwise (CW) until hand tight. The padlock must be in the locking lug and locked for this connection to be permissible.

12. Start the UN-A-TRAC® (see Starting Procedure, page 23).

THIS COMPLETES THE GROUND LEVEL BATTERY CHANGE PROCEDURE.

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FIGURE 33 – BATTERY PLUG AND RECEPTACLE ASSEMBLY (TYPICAL)

PAD LOCK

CABLE TO MACHINE

CAP

LOCKING LUG RECEPTACLE (THIS RECEPTACLE IS PART OF THE BATTERY)

THREADED LOCK RING

PLUG ASSEMBLY THREADS

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GENERAL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS Long reliable service and the safety of those working with this UN-A-TRAC® can only be ensured by conscientious periodic maintenance of the machine.

Anyone performing maintenance on this machine should be trained to operate it and must be familiar with this DBT AMERICA INC. Guide.

All electrical work must be supervised and inspected by a MSHA certified electrician.

BEFORE MAINTENANCE OR SERVICING: A. SHUTDOWN the UN-A-TRAC® on level ground (see Shutdown Procedure, page 29).

B. Disconnect the electrical power. The circuit breaker must be in the "OFF" position and the batteries should be disconnected. Also, allow a minimum of one minute for the capacitors to discharge before performing maintenance or working inside the controller.

C. Test the controls to be sure that the UN-A-TRAC® will not operate.

D. Chock all four (4) wheels in both directions.

E. Connect the steering lockout device.

During maintenance or servicing, if the drive motor is to be run, the UN-A-TRAC® must be jacked clear of the ground and securely blocked. All four wheels must be free to rotate.

DO NOT perform maintenance in a congested area. This could endanger the maintenance person or others in the vicinity. The maintenance area should be as clean as possible.

Whenever a potential problem is uncovered during a periodic maintenance check, it is imperative that it be corrected immediately by a qualified service person.

CLEANLINESS cannot be overemphasized as the essential ingredient of a good maintenance program. Machines should be kept as free as possible of dirt and debris which could impede performance or infiltrate systems and cause premature wear or failure.

DO NOT MOVE ANY HYDRAULIC CONTROL LEVER UNLESS YOU ARE CERTAIN THAT NO ONE COULD BE HURT BY THE MACHINE’S MOVEMENT. DO NOT DISCONNECT A HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT FROM A CYLINDER WHILE THERE IS A LOAD ON THE CYLINDER. DISCONNECT THE BATTERIES BEFORE WORKING ON ANY PART OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

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CRITICAL TORQUE VALUES Torque values are expressed in lubricated and dry thread values. Lubricated thread torque values should be used any time the bolt threads are covered with oil, grease, anti-seize or thread-locking compounds. Dry thread torque values should be used when threads are completely clean and dry.

CRITICAL BOLT TORQUE VALUES (ft./lbs.) (m-n) LOCATION Steering Cylinder Pins Tire-Wheel Mounting Bolts (John Deere Axle) Tire-Wheel Mounting Bolts (Meritor Axle) Drive Motor-to-Gearbox Mounting Bolts

BOLT SIZE 7/8 NC 3/4-16UNF X 2-1/2” 9/16 NC X 2-1/4” 3/4NC X 2-3/4”

GRADE Grade 8 Grade 8 Grade 8 Grade 5

DRY N/A 390 (529 m-n) 160 (217 m-n) 285 (387 m-n)

LUBRICATED 460 300 (407 m-n) 120 (163 m-n) 170 (231 m-n)

LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES LOCATION

TYPE OF LUBRICANT

APPROXIMATE CAPACITY

NOTES

Hydraulic Oil Speed Reducer (Gearbox)

Texaco Rando HD68 Texaco Multigear EP 80W-90 Texaco Multigear 80W-90 Texaco Multigear EP 80W-90 Texaco TDH 1893 or Amoco 1000 or Unicol 1006 John Deere Hy-Gard Oil API GL-4 or (140) Worm Gear Oil Peragma Grade 8 SROIB Oil Texaco Multifak EP-1

40 Gallons (151.5 l) As Required

1

As Required

2

As Required Each Wheel end As Required For Each Brake

2

20 Qt. (18.9 l) 5 pints (2.36 l)

5

2 Qt. (1.89 l) As Required

4 3

Axle Housing (Meritor Axle) Planetary Wheel Ends (Meritor Axle) Wet Disc Brakes (Meritor Axle)

John Deere Axle Winch

SROIB Park Brake Multi-Purpose Grease

2

Notes: 1. With ejector blade completely retracted.

2. The axle housing, brake cooling sumps, and planetary wheel end assemblies do not have a common oil source. Each assembly must be filled separately.

Make sure the level and fill hole in the planetary wheel end cover is in the proper position. Rotate the wheel end as required to bring the fill hole to either the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position.

When filling the axle housing and planetary wheel ends, allow enough time for the lubricant to fill the various cavities and around component parts in each assembly. Continue adding oil into each assembly until the required oil level is reached 3. Pump grease into fitting until old grease can be observed coming out of component.

4. If the SROIB brake is used as a service brake, sump oil capacity is 4 qt (3.78 l).

5. When bleeding brakes, bleed both ports at the same time.

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MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST (For Specific Instructions see page 51).

(For Lubricant Specifications see page 65).

ITEM OR LOCATION

INSPECT

EVERY SHIFT Electrical Cables and Conduits; Hydraulic Hoses and Fittings; Tires; Headlights; Warning Tags; Reflectors; Hydraulic Oil Level Tape Switches

ADJUST

CHANGE

LUBRICATE

•

• •

ONCE PER WEEK Grease Points Center Section Pins and Nuts Fire Suppression System Steering Cylinder Pins and Nuts Hydraulic System Oil Filter Contactor Tips Wheel Mounting Bolts (First Week Of service) Speed Reducer (Gearbox) Oil Axle Oil Level Drive Shafts Wet Disc Brake Fluid Level SROIB Brake Winch

A/R

• • • • • •

A/R •

• • • • • •

ONCE PER MONTH Drive Motor Pump Motor Wheel Bolts

• • •

EVERY THREEMONTHS Hydraulic System Pressure Hydraulic Oil Suction Filter

• •

A/R A/R A/R

A/R

• •

A/R - Perform service as required.

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PERIODIC MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES EVERY SHIFT DO NOT ALLOW WATER TO ENTER THE ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER AT ANY TIME. EXCEPT DURING SERVICE OR MAINTENANCE, THE CONTROLLER COVER SHOULD BE IN PLACE AND SECURED. 1. Wash down the UN-A-TRAC® and remove all foreign material from the operator's compartment.

2. Inspect all electrical cables, conduits, hydraulic hoses, fittings, tires and headlights for signs of wear or damage. Repair or replace any found damaged.

3. Visually inspect the condition and readability of all warning tags, labels and reflectors. Replace any found missing or damaged.

4. Check the tape switches. Start the UN-A-TRAC®, but do not tram. Strike the tape switches to be certain that they are operating properly, tripping the machine circuit breaker and shutting down the UNA-TRAC®.

5. Check the hydraulic oil level by looking at the sight glass located on the oil tank (Figure 34) (for Fluid Specifications see page 65).

A. If the hydraulic oil level is low, add hydraulic oil to the tank with the hand refill pump.

FIGURE 34 – HYDRAULIC OIL TANK SIGHT GLASS

SIGHT GLASS

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ONCE PER WEEK 1. Lubricate the UN-A-TRAC® at the points marked on the lubrication chart (Figure 51) with heavy-duty, multi-purpose grease (for Lubricant Specifications see page 65).

2. Check steering cylinder and center section pins and nuts for looseness or wear. necessary. Replace excessively worn parts.

Tighten where

3. Check the fire suppression system.

A. Inspect the hoses, fittings, and nozzles and replace any found damaged.

B. Check the extinguisher tank (Figure 35) for signs of damage or corrosion. The extinguisher tank is located in the rear section of the machine.

C. Check the nozzle openings. The slot should be packed with silicone grease. If the nozzles are open or need to be repacked, the lines should be checked for blockage and blown clear before repacking them with clean silicone grease, D. Remove the fill cap (Figure 35).

E. Check that the extinguisher is filled with free flowing Ansul multi-purpose A, B, C dry chemical to a level not more than 3" (.75 mm) from the bottom of the fill opening.

F. Replace the fill cap, hand tight.

FIGURE 35 – FIRE SUPPRESSION TANK AND NOZZLES TYPICAL FIRE SUPPRESSION TANK LOCATION

FILL CAP

NOZZLE OPENING TANK

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4. The following tests should be performed once per week or anytime any of the following components are replaced: Drive motor or IGBT panel.

THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES MUST BE CARRIED OUT WITH THE COVER OF THE ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER REMOVED AND SOME PROCEDURES REQUIRE THE CONTROLLER TO BE ENERGIZED DURING THE TESTS. IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT THAT YOU TAKE ALL NECESSARY PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL ELECTRICAL SHOCK WHILE WORKING WITHIN THE CONTROLLER. AN MSHA-CERTIFIED ELECTRICIAN MUST SUPERVISE AND INSPECT ALL ELECTRICAL WORK PERFORMED. For maintenance procedures and tests that DO NOT require the controller to be energized, these Precautions include: A. Before removing the controller cover, remove electrical power from the system by turning the circuit breaker to the “OFF” position and unplugging the battery connectors.

B. Use insulated gloves and tools where possible.

C. When the power or cover is removed, allow a minimum of one minute for the capacitors to discharge before working inside the controller. To insure that the capacitors are discharged, connect an insulated 100-ohm, 10-watt resistor across the capacitor assembly and hold for 30 seconds. Repeat for both (2) capacitor assemblies.

D. All connections must be tight and care must be taken to prevent bolts, nuts, washers and other small metal fasteners from being dropped or lost inside the controller. These lost fasteners could cause electrical shorts inside the controller.

For procedures that DO require that the controller be energized while the cover is off: A. Use insulated gloves and tools where possible.

B. At no time should you reach inside the controller while it is energized. If it becomes necessary to make adjustments or to replace parts inside the controller, the machine circuit breaker must be turned to the "OFF" position and the capacitor banks discharged (see above.) Once the circuit breaker is in the "OFF" position and the capacitor banks discharged, adjustments or parts replacements can be made.

C. All connections must be tight and care must be taken to prevent bolts, nuts, washers and other small metal fasteners from being dropped or lost inside the controller. These lost fasteners could cause electrical shorts inside the controller.

EXTREME CAUTION MUST BE OBSERVED WHEN WORKING INSIDE THE ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER TO PREVENT ELECTRICAL SHOCK. YOU MUST FOLLOW THE SAFETY PROCEDURES LISTED AT THE FIRST OF THIS SECTION (PAGE 53).

5. Inspect the contactor tips inside the electrical controller. If the tips are burned pitted, or black in color they should be replaced. This system consists of one (1) double-pole (main) contactor and two (2) single-pole ("R” and "P”) contactors (Figure 36).

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FIGURE 36 – CONTACTOR TIP INSPECTION AND REPLACEMENT MOVING TIP (TYPICAL 2 PLACES)

MOVING TIP

STATIONARY TIP (TYPICAL 2 PLACES) STATIONARY TIP

SINGLE-POLE CONTACTOR

DOUBLE-POLE CONTACTOR

FOR MORE DETAILED ELECTRICAL INSTRUCTIONS, TROUBLESHOOTING, AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES, REFER TO THE DBT AMERICA INC. "MODEL LA 2000 SOLID-STATE TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE,” PART NUMBER A6474X208, AVAILABLE FROM YOUR DBT AMERICA INC. DEALER. FIGURE 37 – CONTROLLER ASSEMBLY W/CONTACTORLESS PUMP MOTOR (TYPICAL)

CONVERTER

IGBT PANEL ASSEMBLY

DISCONNECT SWITCH

LOGIC BOX

SWING PANEL

IGBT PUMP MOTOR DRIVE

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FIGURE 38 – PANEL BOARD ASSEMBLY W/CONTACTORLESSPUMP MOTOR CONTROL (TYPICAL) RELAYS

CONVERTER

MAIN CONTACTOR

ISOLATOR RELAY

FUSE

FIGURE 39 – CONTROLLER ASSEMBLY W/CONTACTOR PUMP MOTOR CONTROL (TYPICAL) IGBT PANEL ASSEMBLY

DISCONNECT SWITCH

LOGIC BOX

PANEL BOARD

LIMIT SWITCH

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FIGURE 40 – PANEL BOARD ASSEMBLY W/CONTACTOR PUMP MOTOR CONTROL (TYPICAL) RELAYS

ISOLATOR RELAY

CONVERTOR

FUSE

MAIN CONTACTOR

8.

TIMER

PUMP CONTACTOR W/INTERLOCK

PUMP RESISTOR CONTACTOR

Check the wheel mounting bolts (Figure 41). The mounting bolts should be torqued daily for the first two days of operation and weekly afterwards (See page 47 for Torque Values). Also, if equipped with pneumatic tires, check tire pressure. The tires should be inflated to 130 psi (9 bar).

FIGURE 41 – WHEEL MOUNTING BOLTS (John Deere Axle Shown)

WHEEL LUG

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9.

Check the oil level in the speed reducer (gearbox).

A. Remove the check plug from the speed reducer (gearbox) (Figure 42). The oil level should be kept at the level of the check plug.

B. Should it be necessary to add oil, add the oil through the fill plug hole slowly until oil flows from the check plug hole. Do not overfill the speed reducer.

C. Replace the check and fill plug.

FIGURE 42 – SPEED REDUCER (GEARBOX) OIL LEVEL

FILL PLUG

CHECK PLUG

DRAIN PLUG

10. Check the oil levels of both drive axles. (If equipped with John Deere axles, see Figure 45).

A. Park the UN-A-TRAC® on solid level ground and remove the oil level/fill plugs (Figure 43), B. Make sure the level and fill hole in the planetary wheel end cover is in the proper position. Rotate the wheel end as required to bring the hole to either the 3 o’clock or 9 o’clock position.

B. The oil should just barely flow out from these holes when full.

C. Should it be necessary to add oil, add the oil through the level/fill plug hole slowly, just until it starts to run back out. Allow time for the oil to travel throughout the axle when filling.

FIGURE 43 – AXLE FILL POINTS (Meritor) OIL LEVEL MARK

BREATHER

WET DISC BRAKES (SEE FIGURE 44)

FILL LEVEL PLUG FILL PLUG

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DBT America Inc.

11. Check the oil levels of both wet disc brakes.

A. Park the UN-A-TRAC® on solid level ground and remove the oil level/fill plugs (Figure 44).

B. Should it be necessary to add oil, add the oil through the level/fill plug hole slowly, just until it starts to run back out. Allow time for the oil to travel throughout the wet disc brake when filling.

FIGURE 44 – WET DISC BRAKE FILL POINTS (Meritor) FILL PLUG

OIL LEVEL PLUG

FILL PLUG BLEEDER

FIGURE 45 – JOHN DEERE AXLE BREATHER BRAKE INSPECTION PORT

BRAKE INSPECTION PORT

OIL LEVEL FILL / CHECK PLUG OIL LEVEL FILL / CHECK PLUG

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DBT America Inc.

12. If equipped, check the oil level in the SROIB wet disc brake (Figure 46).

A. Park the UN-A-TRAC® on solid level ground and remove the oil level/fill plug.

B. Should it be necessary to add oil, add the oil through the level/fill plug hole slowly. Add oil until oil level reaches oil level fill point. Allow time for the oil to travel throughout the wet disc brake when filling. (For Oil Specifications, see page 65)

FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION ON THE SROIB WET DISC BRAKE, REFER TO THE DBT AMERICA INC. "SROIB BRAKE INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDE,” PART NUMBER A6474X204, AVAILABLE FROM YOUR DBT AMERICA INC. DEALER. FIGURE 46 – SROIB WET DISC BRAKE

OIL FILL / CHECK PLUG

13. Check the oil level in the winch and lubricate the grease fitting located on the top right side of the winch (Figure 47).

FIGURE 47 – WINCH FILLER PLUG

GREASE FITTING

HORIZONTAL OIL LEVEL PLUG

DRAIN

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ONCE PER MONTH 1. Inspect the drive motor (Figure 48).

A. Be sure that the machine circuit breaker lever is in the "OFF" position.

B. Remove the inspection covers.

C. Inspect the windings, commutators, brushes, armature, and terminal leads.

1. Windings should be dry and free of dust, grease, oil, and dirt.

2. The commutator should be clean and smooth with a medium polish and a light brown color.

3. Brushes and brush holders should be clean so that the brushes are free to move in the holders and are properly seated. Brushes should be replaced before wear permits the rivets to score the commutator. (See replacement procedure below) 4. The armature and field leads should be undamaged.

5. Terminal leads should be tight.

D. Replace the inspection plate being sure it is securely tightened.

THE DRIVE AND PUMP MOTORS DO NOT REQUIRE PERIODIC LUBRICATION. THE PUMP MOTOR BEARINGS ARE SEALED. THE DRIVE MOTORS HAVE ONE BEARING SEALED AND THE OTHER BEARING RECEIVES LUBRICATION FROM THE GEARCASE OIL. FIGURE 48 – ROCKER RING AND BRUSHES INSPECTION COVER

ROCKER RING

BRUSHES AND BRUSH HOLDERS

ROCKER RING LOCK SCREWS

2. Drive Motor Brush Replacement (if necessary): A. Remove power from the unit by moving the machine or battery circuit breaker lever to "OFF" or by unplugging the battery.

B. Remove inspection cover (Figure 48).

C. Mark the brush holder (rocker ring) neutral setting by scratching or painting two aligning marks, one on the brush holder (rocker ring) and one on the motor end bell.

D. Loosen (BUT DO NOT REMOVE COMPLETELY) the two rocker ring lock screws.

E. Rotate the rocker ring until one of the brushes comes up on top. Disconnect the brush lead and remove the old brush. Replace the old brush with a new one and reconnect the lead wire.

F. Repeat this procedure until all the old brushes have been replaced.

G. Rotate the rocker ring until the neutral marks are aligned.

H. Retighten the two lock screws.

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I. Replace the inspection cover.

3. Inspect the pump motor (Figure 48).

A. Remove the cover from the right rear section of the UN-A-TRAC®.

B. Be sure that the machine circuit breaker lever is in the "OFF" position.

C. Remove the inspection cover (Figure 48).

D. Inspect the windings, commutator, brushes, armature, and terminal leads.

3.

1. Windings should be dry and free of dust, grease, oil, and dirt.

2. The commutator should be clean and smooth with a medium polish and a light brown color.

Brushes and brush holders should be clean so that the brushes are free to move in the holders and are properly seated. Brushes should be replaced before the rivets score the commutator.

4. The armature and field leads should be undamaged.

5. Terminal leads should be tight.

E. Replace the inspection cover.

4. Pump Motor Brush Replacement.

A. Remove the inspection cover (Figure 48) from the motor.

B. Mark the brush holder (rocker ring) neutral setting by scratching or painting two aligning marks, one on the brush holder (rocker ring) and one on the motor end bell.

C. Loosen (BUT DO NOT REMOVE COMPLETELY) the two rocker ring lock screws.

D. Rotate the rocker ring until one of the brushes comes up on top. Disconnect the brush lead and remove the old brush. Replace the old brush with a new one and reconnect the lead wire.

E. Repeat this procedure until all the old brushes have been replaced.

F. Rotate the rocker ring until the neutral marks are aligned.

G. Retighten the two lock screws.

H. Replace the inspection cover.

5. Motor Brush Neutral Adjustment (if necessary): A. Remove the motor leads from the controller or disconnect the leads in such a way that 2A2 and 2S2 can be connected to a 12-volt, DC power source.

B. Remove the inspection cover (Figure 48) from the motor.

C. Loosen (BUT DO NOT COMPLETELY REMOVE) the rocker ring lock screws.

D. Apply 12 volts DC to motor leads A1 and A2.

E. If the motor turns, rotate the rocker ring in the direction opposite motor rotation until the motor rotation stops.

F. Tighten the rocker ring lock screws.

G. Replace the inspection cover (Figure 48).

H. Reconnect the leads from the motor to the controller.

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EVERY THREE MONTHS 1. Check (and adjust if necessary) the main Hydraulic System pressure (Figure 49):

BEFORE MOVING THE "EJECTOR" CONTROL LEVER, ALWAYS CHECK TO MAKE SURE NO ONE HAS ANY PART OF HIS BODY BETWEEN THE EJECTOR BLADE AND THE BACK OF THE BUCKET. A. Pull the "EJECTOR" lever toward the operator until the ejector blade has completely returned to the back of the bucket.

B. Continue to hold the "EJECTOR" lever pulled toward the operator and read the pressure indicated by the "SYSTEM PRESSURE" gauge (Figure 11).

B. Normal hydraulic system pressure is set at the factory at 2250 psi (155 bar). If the pressure indicated on the "SYSTEM PRESSURE" gauge is not 2250 psi (155 bar), adjust per hydraulic schematic.

DO NOT ADJUST THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM PRESSURE TO MORE THAN 2250 psi (155 bar).

FIGURE 49 – HYDRAULIC VALVE BANK

OUTLET

STEERING (1700 psi) (117 bar) BUCKET

EJECTOR

WINCH

BATTERY CHANGER

OUTLET MAIN RELIEF 2500 PSI PRESET (172 bar)

NOTE: The UN-A-TRAC® is equipped with two relief valves.

1. The relief valve at the pump is to be set at 2250 psi (155 bar).

2. The back-up relief in the valve bank is to be set at 2500 psi (172 bar).

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2. Clean or change the suction strainer inside the hydraulic oil tank (Figure 50).

A. Clean all dirt and debris from around the hydraulic oil tank cap.

B. Remove the bolts that hold the hydraulic oil tank cap on the top of the tank.

C. Reaching down into the oil tank, unscrew the suction strainer and remove it from the tank.

D. If the strainer is not torn or damaged, it can be cleaned using kerosene and a soft brush and dried thoroughly. If the strainer is damaged, it must be replaced.

E. Replace the strainer in the tank and tighten hand-tight.

F. Replace the cap assembly.

G. Refill the oil tank to the proper level.

FIGURE 50 – HYDRAULIC OIL TANK AND SUCTION STRAINER SIGHT GLASS

CAP ASSEMBLY

SUCTION STRAINER

4. Change the oil in the speed reducer (gearbox).

A. Remove the drain plug and allow the oil to drain.

B. Replace the drain plug and refill with oil to the proper level (see Oil Level Procedures, page 51).

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LUBRICANT SPECIFICATIONS APPROVED SUPPLIERS SPEC. 100-1 - ANTI-WEAR HYDRAULIC OIL ASTM GRADE 315 SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

1. AMOCO OIL CO.

AMOCO AW OIL NO. 68

2. GULF OIL 3. MOBIL OIL CORP.

HARMONY 68 AW MOBIL DTE-16

10. TEXACO LUBRICANTS CO. 11. EXXON 12. PENNZOIL

TEXACO RANDO OIL HD 68 NUTO H 68 PENNZBELL AW 68 HYDRAULIC OIL

4. CHEVRON U.S.A.

CHEVRON HYDRAULIC OIL AW ISO 68

13. STANDARD OIL CO. STD. OIL CO.OF OHIO BORON OIL CO BP OIL INC.

5. SUN OIL'COMPANY

SUNVIS 868

6. UNOCAL76

UNAX AW 68

14. LUBRICATION ENGINEERS 15. CONOCO INC.

7. SHELL OIL COMPANY

SHELL HYDRAULIC OIL #33 HULDRAULIC AW 68 CENTRAULIC AW 68

16. HYDROTEX

SUPER HYDRAULIC OIL 68 SYSTEMS 5K 68

17. PHILLIPS

MAGINUS A OILS 81350

DURO AW S-315 OIL

18. MINERS OIL

HYDRAULIC OIL 68AW

8. CENTURY LUBRICATING OILS, INC. 9. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.

INDUSTRON 53 INDUSTRON 53 ENERGOL HLP-C68 6120 MONOLEC HYD. OIL

SPEC. 100-3 - EXTREME PRESSURE BEARING GREASE NLGI GRADE #2 1. AMOCO OIL CO

2. GULF OIL 3. MOBIL OIL CORP. 4. CHEVRON U.S.A. 5. SUN OIL COMPANY

6. UNOCAL 76 7. SHELL OIL COMPANY 8. CENTURY LUBRICATING OILS, INC.

AMOLITH GREASE 2 EP RYKON PREMIUM GREASE 2 EP GULFCROWN GREASE EP#2 MOBILUX EP-2

9. TEXACO, LUBRICANTS CO.

TEXACO MULTIFAK EP 2

10. EXXON

LIDOK EP 2

11. PENNZOIL

CHEVRON DURA-LITH GREASE EP-2 NLGI 2 SUN PRESTIGE 742EP

12. LUBRICATION ENGINEERS 13. CONOCO INC.

MULTIPLEX EP2 ALVANIA EP-2 HULLITH EP2 MULTIPURPOSE GREASE OR REPLEX 2 OR UNIWRL 2 OR UNIWRL EMB OR HULLITH GP 2 OR HULLITH EP 2

14. HYDROTEX 15. PHILLIPS 16. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD

PENNLITH EP 712 GREASE 3752 ALMAGARD VARIPURPOSE LUBRICANT EP CONOLITH GREASE NO. 2 OR SUPER STA GREASE NO. 2 LC-65 HYPLEX PHILUBE EP GREASE LITHOLINE H EP-2 GREASE

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SPEC. 100-6 - EXTREME PRESSURE GEAR OIL (SAE 90) SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

1. AMOCO OIL CO.

AMOCO AW PREMAGEAR EP 320

10. TEXACO LUBRICANTS CO.

2. GULF OIL 3. MOBIL OIL CORP.

EP LUBRICANT HD 320 MOBIL GEAR 632

11. EXXON 12. PENNZOIL

4. CHEVRON U.S.A.

CHEVRON GEAR COMPOUND EP ISO 320

13. LUBRICATION ENGINEERS

5. SUN OIL'COMPANY 6. UNOCAL76

SUNEP 320 EXTRA DUTY NL GEAR LUBE 6EP OMALA 75

14. CONOCO INC. 15. HYDROTEX

HULBEST EP-6

17. MINERS OIL

MEROPA 320 or TEXACO MULTIGEAR EP 80W-90 SPARTAN EP 320 SUPER MAXOL EP 220 GEAR LUBE or PEN GEAR #320 605 ALMASOL VARIPURPOSE GEAR LUBRICANT GEAR OIL 320 932 INDUSTRIAL GEAR LUBE PHILUBE ALL PURPOSE GEAR OIL 85W-90 GEAR OIL EP220

PENNANT NL S-1000

18. CITIES SERVICE

7. SHELL OIL COMPANY 8. CENTURY LUBRICATING OILS, INC. 9. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.

16. PHILLIPS

CITGO EP COMPOUND 110

SPEC. 100-7 - HYDRAULIC AND GENERAL PURPOSE OIL HEAVY / R & O INHIBITED SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

SUPPLIER

BRAND NAME

1. AMOCO OIL CO.

AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL OIL NO. 68 HARMONY 68 DTE HEAVY-MEDIUM CHEVRON TURBINE OIL ISO 68 or CHEVRON MACHINE OIL R&O ISO 68 SUNVIS 754

10. TEXACO LUBRICANTS CO. 11. EXXON 12. PENNZOIL 13. LUBRICATION ENGINEERS

REGAL OIL R & O N-68 or TDH 1893 TERESSTIC 68 PENNZBELL RO 68 6120 MONOLEC TURBINE OIL

14. CONOCO INC.

UNAX RX 68 or TURBINE OIL 68 TURBO 68 CENTRAULIC R & O 68

15. HYDROTEX

DECTOL R & O 68 or TURBINE OIL 68 SYSTEM 1, SYSTEM 5K 68 MAGNUS OILS 700 HYDRAULIC OIL AW68

DURO 5.315

18. CITIES SERVICE

2. GULF OIL 3. MOBIL OIL CORP. 4. CHEVRON U.S.A.

5. SUN OIL COMPANY 6. UNOCAL76 7. SHELL OIL COMPANY 8. CENTURY LUBRICATING OILS, INC. 9. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.

16. PHILLIPS 17. MINERS OIL

CITGO PACEMAKER A/W68

The following lubricants are recommended for use in the UN-A-TRAC®. Other lubricants with equivalent specifications may be used.

Hydraulic Oil Heavy-Duty, Multi-Purpose Grease Speed Reducer (Gearbox) Oil Axle Oil (Meritor) Axle Oil (John Deere) Wet Disc Brakes (Meritor) SROIB Park Brake

Recommended Lubricant Texaco Rando HD68 Texaco EP 1 Texaco EP-90 Gear Oil Texaco EP-90 Gear Oil John Deere Hy-Gard Oil Texaco TDH 1893 SROIB Oil

66

Specification Spec 100-1 Spec 100-3 Spec 100-6 Spec 100-6 -------Spec 100-7 --------

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DBT America Inc.

LUBRICATION CHART

CLEAN ALL EXCESS OIL AND GREASE FROM THE UN-A-TRAC ® AFTER COMPLETING MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES.

ONCE PER WEEK The following points should be lubricated at the grease fittings with heavy-duty, multi purpose grease.

SYMBOL

LOCATION

•

1. Bucket Pivot Pins (2 Places)

•

2. Bucket Lift Cylinders (Rod End)

•

3. Bucket Lift Cylinders (Base End)

•

4. Steering Cylinders (Rod End)

•

5. Steering Cylinders (Base End)

•

6. Automatic (Park) brake Caliper

•

7. Drive Line Universal Joints

•

8. Drive Line Slip Joints

•

9. Control Levers

•

10. Foot Pedals

•

11. Central Lubrication Fitting Block

•

12. Center Section Assembly

•

13. Winch

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DBT America Inc.

FIGURE 51 – MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION POINTS

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TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES The following section lists possible problems encountered when servicing the UN-A-TRAC® and can aid in locating and correcting these problems.

For electrical instructions, troubleshooting, and maintenance procedures, refer to the DBT AMERICA INC. "Model LA 2000 Solid-State Troubleshooting Guide,” part number A6474X208, available from your DBT AMERICA INC. dealer.

THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES MUST BE CARRIED OUT WITH THE COVER OF THE ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER REMOVED AND SOME PROCEDURES REQUIRE THE CONTROLLER TO BE ENERGIZED DURING THE TESTS. IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT THAT YOU TAKE ALL NECESSARY PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL ELECTRICAL SHOCK WHILE WORKING WITHIN THE CONTROLLER. AN MSHACERTIFIED ELECTRICIAN MUST SUPERVISE AND INSPECT ALL WORK PERFORMED. For maintenance procedures and tests that DO NOT require the controller to be energized, these precautions include: C. Before removing the controller cover, remove electrical power from the system by turning the circuit breaker to the “OFF” position and unplugging the battery connectors.

B. Use insulated gloves and tools where possible.

C. When the power or cover is removed, allow a minimum of one minute for the capacitors to discharge before working inside the controller. To insure that the capacitors are discharged, connect an insulated 100-ohm, 10-watt resistor across the capacitor assembly and hold for 30 seconds. Repeat for both (2) capacitor assemblies.

D. All connections must be tight and care must be taken to prevent bolts, nuts, washers and other small metal fasteners from being dropped or lost inside the controller. These lost fasteners could cause electrical shorts inside the controller.

For procedures that DO require that the controller be energized while the cover is off: A. At no time should you reach inside the controller while it is energized. If it becomes necessary to make adjustments or to replace parts inside the controller, the machine circuit breaker must be turned to the "OFF" position and the capacitor banks discharged (see above.) Once the circuit breaker is in the "OFF" position and the capacitor banks discharged, adjustments or parts replacements can be made.

B. Use insulated gloves and tools where possible.

D. All connections must be tight and care must be taken to prevent bolts, nuts, washers and other small metal fasteners from being dropped or lost inside the controller. These lost fasteners could cause electrical shorts inside the controller.

NEVER DISCONNECT A HYDRAULIC HOSE IF THE CIRCUIT IS PRESSURIZED OR IF THERE IS A LOAD ON THE CIRCUIT. IF A HOSE IS DISCONNECTED WHILE THE LIFT CYLINDER IS SUPPORTING THE BATTERY, THE BATTERY WILL FALL.

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HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (GENERAL) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION DIRTY OIL

FOAMING OIL

MOISTURE IN OIL

OVERHEATING OF SYSTEM

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

1. Components not properly cleaned after servicing.

1. Disassemble components and reclean parts.

2. Air breather Ieft off.

2. Replace breather.

3. Hose lines not properly covered while servicing machine.

3. Clean hose Iines after servicing.

4. Filter elements not replaced at proper, intervals or when indicated.

4. Replace elements at proper intervals with new filters.

1. Return of tank lines not below fluid level. Check oil level.

1. Replace broken hoses or lines.

2. Oil contaminated with incompatible foreign matter.

2. Drain out oil and replace with clean oil.

3. Suction leak to pump aerating oil.

3. Replace or tighten fittings and Iines.

1.Soluble oil solution splashing into poorly gasketed tanks or fill holes left open.

1. Drain out and refill with clean oil. Check fill pipes to see if they are properly closed.

2. Moisture in cans or used replacement oil.

2. Replace with new cans of oil.

3. Extreme temperature differential in certain geographical locations.

3. Replace with recommended oil for correct temperature range.

1. Fluid viscosity too high.

1. Check fluid specs.

2. Excessive slippage or internal leakage past pump or cylinders.

2. Fluid viscosity too low.

3. Improper air circulation around reservoir.

3. Check to see if the area around the reservoir is clear.

4. System relief valve set too high.

4.

70

Reset the relief valve to specifications.

Revised 06 – 02 MODEL 488L AND 488-6 SERIES UN-A-TRAC®

DBT America Inc.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (GENERAL) (CONT.) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

FOREIGN MATTER SOURCES IN THE CIRCUIT

1. Sealing compound (pipe dope, teflon tape).

1. Clean or replace seals.

2. Burrs inside piping components.

2. Disassemble piping components and remove any burrs.

3. Tag ends of packing coming loose.

3. Remove old packing and replace with new.

4. Lines left unprotected and dirty, repaired components.

4. Drain and replace oil.

5. Repair parts not properly protected while stored.

5. Clean parts thoroughly before installation.

BRAKES (SERVICE) WET DISC INSUFFICIENT BRAKING

1. No gas charge in accumulator.

1. Check gas charge.

2. Defective brakes.

2. Check brakes.

3. Hydraulic lines or fittings leaking.

3. Check for leaks and repair.

4. Pedal linkage out of adjustment.

4. Adjust linkage.

5. Damaged hydraulic brake lines.

5. Check lines for dents that restrict flow.

6. Air in brake system.

6. Bleed brakes.

7. Brake seal or o-ring failure.

7. Replace seal or o-ring.

8. No oil or low oil level in tank.

8. Bring oil up to proper level.

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BRAKES (AUTOMATIC WET DISC) BRAKES WON’T RELEASE

1. Insufficient hydraulic pressure.

1. Check hydraulic circuit.

2. Hydraulic lines or fitting damage.

2. Repair lines or fitting.

3. Solenoid coil bad.

3. Replace solenoid coil.

4. Solenoid plunger won’t seat.

4. Check for dirt or contamination in system.

5. Blown o-ring in piston housing.

5. Replace o-ring.

1. Blocked or crushed hydraulic line.

1. Replace hydraulic line.

2. Brake pads worn or broken.

2. Replace brake pads.

1. Piston seal leak.

1. Replace seals.

2. Other circuit leaks.

2. Correct leaks.

1. Pressure too Iow.

1. Check pressure at cylinder to make circuit requirements.

2. Piston seal leak.

2. Replace seals.

3. Piston rod broken at piston end.

3. Disassemble and replace piston rod.

4. Contamination in hydraulic system resulting in scored cylinder bore.

4. Disassemble and replace necessary parts.

ERRATIC OR CHATTER IN OPERATION

1. Excessive friction due to misalignment.

1. Correct cylinder to load alignment.

EXCESSIVE OR RAPID PISTON SEAL WEAR

1. Excessive high back pressure due to over adjustment.

1. Correct pressure adjustment.

BRAKE WON’T SET

CYLINDERS CYLINDER DRIFTS

CYLINDER FAILS TO MOVE THE LOAD WHEN ACTUATED

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CYLINDERS (CONT.) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION CYLINDER BODY SEAL LEAK

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

1. Excessive pressure.

1. Reduce pressure to rated limits.

2. Seal is pinched or extruded.

2. Replace cylinder body seal.

3. Seal deterioration (soft or gummy).

3. Check compatibility of seal material with operating fluid.

Replace oil.

THE PISTON IS LEAKING

1. Dirt has scored the piston or the rod.

1. Replace rod.

THE PISTON FREEZES TO THE TUBE

1. Scoring in the piston.

1. Replace.

PACKING AND GASKET LEAKS DEVELOP

1. Excessive heat.

1. Replace packing and gasket.

1. Vacuum leaks in suction line.

1. Check for leaks in fittings or damaged suction lines.

PUMPS PUMP MAKES EXCESSIVE NOISE

2. Vacuum leaks in the pump shaft seal.

SEAL LEAK

2. Check pump.

3. Poor alignment with drive mechanism.

3. Align pump and pump motor.

4. Incorrect fluid in system.

4. Check fluid specs.

5. Relief valve set too high.

5. Check relief pressure.

6. Seal deterioration (hard or loss of elasticity).

6. Replace seal.

7.Seal deterioration (loss of radial squeeze due to flat spots or wear on O.D. or I. D.).

7. Replace seal.

1. Torn or worn seals.

1. Replace seal.

2. Gland bearing worn.

2. Replace gland and seals.

3. Seal deterioration (soft or gummy).

3. Replace seal.

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PUMPS (CONT.) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION SEAL LEAK (Continued)

PUMP FAILURE TO DELIVER OIL

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

8. Worn or faulty bearing.

8. Replace faulty bearing.

9. Reversed rotation.

9. Check pump motor wiring.

10. PIugged or restricted suction Iine or suction strainer.

10. Clean by removing the plugged area.

11. Plugged reservoir filter breather.

11. Clean reservoir. Clean breather.

12. Oil viscosity too high or operating temperature too low.

12. Replace with recommended oil.

13. Air leak in suction line or fittings.

13. Replace lines or fittings if badly worn.

14. Loose or worn pump parts.

14. Replace worn pump parts.

15. Air leak at pump shaft seal.

15. Replace pump shaft seals.

16. Oil level too low and drawing air in through inlet pipe opening.

16. Check oil level.

17. Air bubbles in intake oil.

17. Check oil level and tighten any loose fittings.

18. Pump housing bolts loose or not properly torqued.

18. Tighten the housing bolts, and re-torque bolts.

1. Low oil Ievel in reservoir.

1. Check oil level.

2. Oil intake hose suction strainer plugged.

2. Clean or replace strainer.

3. Air leak in suction line and preventing priming.

3. Tighten or replace suction lines.

4. Pump shaft turning too slowly.

4. Gears are worn and need replacing.

5. Oil viscosity too high.

5. Replace with recommended oil.

6. Wrong shaft rotation.

6. Check pump motor wiring.

7. Pump shaft or parts broken.

7. Replace shaft or broken parts.

8. Dirt in pump.

8. Clean pump.

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PUMPS (CONT.) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION OIL LEAKAGE AROUND PUMP

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

1. Shaft seal worn.

1. Replace seals.

2. Head of oil on suction hose connection leaking.

2. Tighten bolts. Tighten or replace connections.

3. Pump housing bolts loose or improperly torqued.

3. Tighten bolts.

1. Abrasive dirt in hydraulic oil being circulated through the system.

1. Replace oil with clean hydraulic oil.

2. OiI viscosity too Iow.

2. Replace with recommended oil.

3. System pressure exceeding pump rating.

3. Relief valve out of adjustment.

4. Pump misalignment.

4. Realign pump.

1. Seizure due to lack of oil.

1. Check oil level.

2. Excessive system pressure above maximum pump rating.

2. Relief valve out of adjustment.

3. Excessive torquing to housing bolts.

3. Loosen bolts and then retorque.

4. Solid matter being drawn in from reservoir and wedged in pump.

4. Remove and clean clogged area.

THE OPERATING PRESSURE CANNOT BE CHANGED

1. Valve spring broken.

1. Replace the spring.

2. Open valve in the system.

2. Find and close open valve.

THE VALVE PISTON STICKS

1. Dirt in the system.

1. Remove the valve and clean it thoroughly; flush the system as necessary.

CERTAIN PASSAGES ARE BLOCKED OR PRESSURE FLUCTUATES

1. Dirt in the system.

1. Remove the valve and clean it thoroughly; flush the system as necessary.

EXCESSIVE PUMP WEAR

PUMP PARTS INSIDE THE HOUSING ARE BROKEN

RELIEF VALVES

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RELIEF VALVES (CONT.) TROUBLE, SYMPTOM OR CONDITION

PROBABLE CAUSE

TEST, CHECK AND/OR REMEDY

THE PRESSURE FLUCTUATES, AND THERE IS EXTREME NOISE IN THE VALVE

1. Air in the system.

1. Check for leaks.

2. Pressure or volume too high.

2. Adjust the pressure or volume.

THE VALVE LEAKS INTERNALLY

1. Valve piston and body worn.

1. Replace the valve.

EXCESSIVE LEAKAGE OR STICKING PISTONS OCCURS

1. Valve excessively hot.

1. Remove the valve and clean it thoroughly; flush the system.

2. Dirt in the system.

2. Replace oil.

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MAJOR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES CONTACTOR TIP REPLACEMENT 1. Insure electrical power is off and allow a minimum of one minute for capacitors to discharge (see page 69).

2. Change the stationary contactor tips (Figure 52): A. Remove the bolt that holds the old tip in place and remove the old tip.

B. Position the new tip in place and replace the bolt. Check the placement of the tip to insure that it is correctly positioned and the bolt is tight.

C. Repeat for all stationary tips.

THE BOLTS USED TO FASTEN THE STATIONARY CONTACTOR TIPS IN PLACE ARE SPECIALLY SIZED TO PREVENT THE CONTACTOR TIP FROM GROUNDING TO THE CONTACTOR COIL. IF REPLACEMENT BECOMES NECESSARY, IT IS IMPORTANT TO USE BOLTS AND WASHERS IDENTICAL TO THE ORIGINAL ONES. ALL CONNECTIONS MUST BE TIGHT BEFORE THE UNIT IS PUT BACK INTO SERVICE. 3. Check for grounding between the stationary tips and either terminal of the contactor coil by using a volt/ohm meter set on R x 1. Correct any shorts if found.

4. Change the moving contactor tips (Figure 52).

A. Remove the two (2) nuts that secure the tip and remove the old tip.

B. Position the new tip and secure with new nuts. Check the placement of the tip to insure that it is correctly positioned and the nuts are tight.

C. Repeat for all moving tips.

FIGURE 52 – CONTACTOR TIP INSPECTION AND REPLACEMENT MOVING TIP (TYP. 2 PLACES

MOVING TIP.

STATIONARY TIP

STATIONARY TIP TYP. 2 PLACES

SINGLE-POLE CONTACTOR

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DRIVE MOTOR/GEARBOX (SPEED REDUCER) REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT POWER MUST BE REMOVED BY UNPLUGGING THE BATTERY PLUGS BEFORE SERVICING THE MOTORS. FIGURE 53 – DRIVE TRAIN COMPONENTS FRONT AXLE ASSEMBLY

DRIVE MOTOR

SPEED REDUCER

FRONT DRIVE SHAFT BEARING CARRIER MIDDLE DRIVE SHAFT REAR DRIVE SHAFT

REAR AXLE ASSEMBLY

1. Drive Motor: A. Remove the motor inspection cover (Figure 53) and disconnect the power cables to the motor.

Unpack the motor gland and completely remove the wiring and conduit from the motor.

B. Attach a crane or hoist, capable of lifting the motor, to the eyebolt (Figure 53) on top of the motor and take up any slack in hoist chain.

C. Remove the four (4) bolts that attach the motor to the gearbox.

D. Lift the motor out of the unit.

E. Cover the reducer opening to prevent foreign matter from entering the gearbox.

2. Drive Motor Replacement: Verify that motor pinion gear is installed.

B. Clean all mating surfaces (motor and gearbox.)

C. Lower motor into unit and align bolt holes.

D. Bolt motor onto gearbox, turning pinion gear as necessary to align gears.

E. Torque bolts to 240 ft./lbs. (325 m-n) (Lubricated threads) 400 ft./lbs. (543 m-n) (Dry threads) F. Reconnect cable leads.

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G. Replace inspection cover.

3.

Drive Motor and Gearbox Removal: A. Remove the motor inspection cover and disconnect the power cables to the motor. Unpack the motor gland and completely remove the wiring and conduit from the motor.

B. Disconnect the drive shafts from both sides of the gearbox.

C. Tag and disconnect the brake lines from the brake calipers on the gearbox.

D. Attach a crane or hoist, capable of lifting the motor and gearbox and take up any slack in the hoist chain.

E. Remove the bolts that attach the gearbox to the frame.

F. Lift the motor/gearbox out of the unit.

4. Motor/gearbox Replacement: A. Attach motor to gearbox and torque bolts to 240 ft./lbs. (325 m-n) (lubricated threads) 400 ft./lbs (543 m-n) (dry threads).

B. Clean all mating surfaces (gearbox and frame) thoroughly.

C. Hoist motor/gearbox close to its location in the frame.

D. Align the gearbox mounting feet with the holes in the frame and tighten bolts. Torque the mounting bolts to 240 ft./lbs. (325 m-n) (lubricated threads) 400 ft/lbs. (543 m-n) (dry threads).

E. Connect the drive shafts to the gearbox.

F. Connect the brake hoses to the proper calipers and bleed the service brake.

G. Check all oil levels before operating the unit.

H. Bleed the automatic brake.

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TIRE/WHEEL INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

The following installation procedures are for general guidance when installing a tirelwheel assembly on most underground mining machines. Any use made of the advisory information contained herein is entirely within the control and discretion of the user and is wholly voluntary.

MIXING PARTS OF DIFFERENT DESIGN OR FROM A VARIETY OF SOURCES FOR WHEELS WITH PNEUMATIC TIRES COULD CAUSE SEVERE INJURY OR DEATH.

TIRE/WHEEL STRESSES Rubber tired underground mining machinery is routinely subject to severe abuse due to the conditions in which it is operated. Whether a primary haulage or utility/support vehicle, all are subject to extreme shock, vibration, temperature change and various other loads and stresses that cause maintenance problems. One such problem is found in tire/wheel assemblies.

Many maintenance personnel view installing a tire/wheel assembly on a machine as a relatively simple task. However, if a few simple rules on proper installation are not followed, unnecessary difficulties may be experienced. Tires act like shock absorbers on haulage and support vehicles, transferring cushioned loads to the wheels. Even after proper installation, periodic checks need to be made to insure that tire/wheel assemblies do not loosen, causing wheel studs to break or damaging the mounting bolt pattern.

WHEEL MOUNTING ARRANGEMENTS Various mounting arrangements between the wheel and hub or wheel end are used by manufacturers.

One of the more common is the taper-lock. This arrangement requires a taper on both wheel and hub where the mating surfaces of the taper carry the loads. Incomplete seating of the taper will allow the wheel to loosen, resulting in stud or bolt shear and possible tire/wheel damage.

Another mounting arrangement is based on holding a very close pilot fit where the tolerance between the wheel and hub is very tight, requiring a clamp-load force to hold the wheel securely in place. If the wheel studs or bolts are allowed to loosen, the load will be transmitted to them, resulting in sheared studs or bolts.

PROBLEM AREAS Periodic wheel inspection is critical to the life cycle of a tire/wheel assembly. A fractured wheel, broken bolt pattern and missing or broken wheel studs are all contributors to tire/wheel failures. Problems in these areas occur as the result of repeated cyclical loading as the tire/wheel unit rotates during machine travel. Haulage vehicles loaded unevenly, downhill hauls with high speed turns, or operating a vehicle with one tire of a dual assembly damaged or flat are some examples of conditions that produce damaging high stresses in wheel assemblies. Also, the effects of corroding or poorly fitted mating parts can produce surface irregularities that result in cracks and ultimate failure of a wheel.

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A most common problem with tire/wheel installations is the incorrect tightening of wheel bolts or studs.

Threaded fasteners perform there function of holding things together better when torque control is used in their tightening. Using an accurate torque wrench correctly is the best and most practical way of securing fasteners, Although torque value charts are available as a reference guide to proper tightening, OEM specifications should always be followed when tightening fasteners. However, proper torque values are of little benefit if certain other factors are not considered.

WHEEL MOUNTING TIPS All fasteners should be examined before use. Any fastener that is worn, bent or has damaged threads should be replaced. Fastener threads should also be lightly coated with a protective substance, such as residual oils, wax or loctite, because any oxidation or rust will upset the torque-to-tension relationship.

Mating surface conditions should also be considered. The tightening surface under the bolt or nut should be carefully inspected. A fastener, when tightened against a softer material, will gall under these conditions, and much of the applied torque may be lost through head friction. It is very important when using higher strength fasteners to have a smooth, even surface under the bolt head. In some cases, hard flat washers and most lockwashers will provide a good tightening surface.

Another area of concern is cleanliness. AlI mating surfaces should be free of rust, dirt, oil, paint, etc.

Also no paint of any kind should exist between a fastener and wheel disc surface. Any form of contamination between these surfaces will most likely lead to serious wheel problems.

FIGURE 54 – WHEEL TORQUING PATTERN

WHEN TORQUING ANY WHEEL BOLT PATTERN, ALWAYS TORQUE IN A TRIANGULAR PATTERN.

FIGURE 55 –TORQUE PATTERNS

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RECOMMENDED WHEEL MOUNTING PROCEDURES: 1. All steel mating surfaces must be free and clean of any dirt, corrosion, paint, etc. These areas include wheel/hub tapers and disc faces. NO PAINT should be present under bolt heads or nuts.

2. Fasteners should be in proper condition. Any fastener with damage, such as corrosion, bending or worn threads, should be replaced. Replace all broken wheel studs.

3. After positioning the wheel on the hub, tighten nuts down eveningly. tightening sequence as shown in the diagrams.

Triangulate the bolt pattern

4. After operating the machine for a short period of time, check the wheel-mounting bolts or nuts for proper torque.

NOTE: Wheel bolts or nuts “seat in” during normal vehicle operation. Therefore, it is necessary to repeat torquing procedures as necessary to seat the wheel to the hub. Planned periodic checks will help maintain correct torque values. All bolts and nuts, regardless of type, should be regularly checked for tightness.

PRECAUTIONS: Do not install or remove tire/wheel assemblies from a machine without proper training.

Check wheel components periodically for cracks or broken parts. damaged or severely rusted components. When in doubt replace.

Replace all cracked, badly worn,

Do not, under any circumstances, attempt to rework, weld, heat or braze any wheel components that are cracked, broken or damaged. Replace such components with new OEM parts of the correct size and type.

Mixing wheel parts of different design or from a variety of sources is potentially dangerous.

Replace broken studs and each unbroken stud next to the broken one.

Replace all damaged wheel studs or bolts.

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