Hadeda News - 30 December 2022

Kimberley’s Oldest Church – St Martini’s – Preserved At The Big Hole.

Kimberley’s oldest church – St Martini’s – preserved at the Big Hole. Pastor Carl Meyer’s diary records the celebration of CHRISTMAS there, in Kimberley under siege in 1899.

Carl Meyer wrote of how CHRISTMAS DAYhad been taken up with services in the multiple contexts of the Lutheran Church’s Kimberley mission, including the mine compounds and in Brother Windisch’s church in Beaconsfield. “In the evening,” he recorded, “we celebrated the beautiful Christmas liturgy in our German Church [St Martini’s]. There were the biblical prophecies recited by the children, the reading of the Christmas story and the hymns of Zacharias and Maria in front of the altar (done by three boys and two girls).As I had never had time for a nap this afternoon I got so exhausted by the 12 services that I could not sleep at all that night.”

The first services of the Lutheran Church in Kimberley were held in a tent by Pastor Carl Meyer, who came to the ‘dry diggings’on

horseback from the Berlin Mission Society mission station at Pniel on the Vaal River (which had been established in 1845). Meyer’s primary aim was to serve the multitude of black migrant workers streaming to the diamond fields (Kimberley’s No 3 Location – roughly in the vicinity of today’s reservoir - was called Meyer’s Camp). He was soon ministering to Lutherans amongst diggers who had come out from Germany and other parts. Meyer founded the Deutsche EvangelischLutherische St. MartiniGemeinde in 1874 and from January 1875 services were held in the Kimberley Court Room, before, on Reformation Day that year, a new corrugated iron church of St. Martini, was dedicated.The church building was imported from Europe as a kit of materials, transported from Port Elisabeth by ox-wagon and set up inThompson Street.A parsonage was completed in 1879 and became the home of Pastor Meyer and his young wife Hanna, who were married at Amalienstein in the Cape by his father Carl senior in 1878. Meyer

continued his ministry through the horrific times of theAngloBoer War (his diary was published some years ago).

The old St Martini’s was the oldest surviving church structure in Kimberley when a new church building was built in Lawson Street in the early 1960s.The last service in the old St Martini’s was held on 3 February 1963.

Last Christmas Reven De Lisle remembered: “As a little girl (I am now 80 years old) I used to go with my Mom, Irene (Mohr)Algar to do the flowers in the church for the Sunday service. Sofie Grimble would be practicing on the little squeaky old pedal organ.”

De Beers offered to buy the old wood and iron church for the Kimberley Mine Museum, to which it was transferred, with all its original fittings, in 1964.Also having survived, and now displayed in the building’s new home, was the workbench and tools used in its construction by August Müller. Recorded music triggered on entry was,

according to information on the Big Hole website, recorded by a Miss Vicky Egalov, organist at the St John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, King WilliamsTown.The church has been popular since then as a wedding venue.

Sources include a short history by Prof Reino Ottermann in the ELCSANov 2002 newsletter and text by Steve Lunderstedt and the Big Hole website.

Some of the photos: Prof Emeritus Roger Fisher

Your head feels like it’s about to explode, your mouth is as dry as the Sahara, and your stomach is threatening to erupt.

It's the mother of all hangovers.

Throughout the years, many hangover remedies have done the rounds, but most are either completely useless or make things even worse –very few have been proven to be effective.

Drinking more alcohol or eating a greasy meal isn't going to help and there's a good chance it might further irritate your queasy stomach.

Having a general understanding of what's happening in your body is helpful when you're nursing a "babelas".

Alcohol is a drug, and by overindulging, you've essentially upset your entire system.Your body's trying to fight off the toxic byproducts of alcohol and it needs every bit of help it can get.

Doctoring

the drought

Alcohol is a diuretic, which causes your body to lose a lot of water and vital electrolytes as a result of excessive urination.

Rehydration is one of the most important things to do to remedy a nasty hangover Water is always the best go-to for rehydration.

Another good way to rehydrate is coconut water. It naturally contains electrolytes and has less sugar than regular fruit juices, but many doctors and healthcare professionals still recommend

lots of good old H2O.

Here are some other drinks hangover sufferers like to consume:

Advised: Sports drinks (think many ending in "ade") Frozen water or ice pops

Over-the-counter rehydration solutions Avoid: Coffee Tea Cold drinks Energy drinks, especially the ones containing caffeine Acidic juices

You need to avoid caffeine because, like alcohol, it is a diuretic.Also, stay away from "fizzy" drinks as carbon dioxide increases alcohol absorption in the stomach. Your stomach lining is irritated, and if you put something in there it doesn't like, it's going to protest. Keep it simple and stick to essential, plain foods to restore a sense of calm.

Julia Zumpano, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic, says the B.R.A.T method of eating is the way to go if you’ve irritated your gut by overdoing the alcohol. B.R.A.T. stands for banana, rice, applesauce and toast.

“Applesauce” is apples softened in a saucepan with some water, brown sugar, lemon juice and cinnamon, and then blitzed or mashed.

Another good food item to add to your arsenal is ginger The root is said to help with a queasy, unsettled stomach, and is particularly good at curbing nausea.

The road to recovery is

rough, but your B-vitamins are something else to consider Low levels of some of the Bvitamins may increase the severity of a hangover

Fatty fish, like salmon, is a food item with high B-vitamin levels. It is also high in protein, which helps the liver detox. It also helps decrease inflammation.

Fortified cereal is another way to increase your B-vitamin levels, but again, simplicity is important.Abowl of oats porridge or wholegrain wheat biscuits will also do the trick.

Here are some more food options:

Advised:

Fish, chicken and eggs –These are excellent sources of protein to help the liver detox. Chicken noodle soup (and other broth-like soups) –This doesn’t only work for a cold or the flu.Abroth helps with rehydration, and the chicken and vegetables contain a lot of nutrients.

Pizza –Yes, pizza, but don't pig out on extravagant toppings. Be strategic about building your pizza to avoid further gut irritation.The carb base will help with blood-sugar

regulation, cheese is high in calcium and protein, and you can choose healthy toppings like lean meat, healthy fats and other nutrient-dense options. Avoid anything that's processed. Avoid:

Greasy meals –As appealing as it may be, a full English breakfast, an enormous, greasy breakfast sandwich, or a "FullHouse Masala Steak Gatsby" is not recommended.Aim for simple meals.

Be careful:

Too much protein may not work in your favour, but that’s if you’re only consuming protein.As your blood sugar may be low, you need to add micronutrients, along with carbs and healthy fats.

Specific medication may have a harmful effect when mixed with alcohol. When taken in large quantities (over 4 000mg), Acetaminophen or Paracetamol can cause liver damage.You might not be able to get anything down for some time, but at least try to hydrate and maybe have a slice of toast to get the recovery process rolling. Vowing "never to drink again" might be unrealistic, so just work on drinking (a lot) less. - News24

Skryfwenke: wat beteken simboliek?

Voorbeelde in boeke en films

InTo Kill a Mockingbird simboliseer die ‘mockingbird’onskuld en daarom sêAtticus vir Jem dat dit ‘n sonde is om ‘n ‘mockingbird’dood te maak. Simboliek is dus ook ‘n manier waarop gewys word, eerder as om te vertel (showing vs. telling).

simboliseer die kleur van die geesteswêreld en elke keer wanneer Cole deur dooie mense gekonfronteer word, is die kleur rooi teenwoordig. Dit word dus as leitmotif (herhalende motif) dwarsdeur die film aangewend.

Simboliek behels die gebruik van konkrete objekte om abstrakte idees mee uit te beeld. Veral wanneer ‘n mens met ‘n groot abstrakte idee werk, soos die vernietigende effek van oorlog, gebruik ‘n mens ‘n konkrete objek om dit mee uit te beeld — byvoorbeeld ‘n verlate kinderskoen in die teerpad.

Waarom simboliek?

Simboliek word gebruik om dieperliggende konsepte mee te verduidelik. Die verlate kinderskoen in die teerpad is verteenwoordigend van ‘n groter abstrakte konsep, naamlik oorlog en die vernietiging wat dit meebring. Eintlik kom ‘n mens voortdurend simboliek in boeke en films teë, maar dit is nie noodwendig so maklik om dit te identifiseer of in ‘n mens se skryfwerk te implementeer nie. Simboliek is die uitdrukking van ‘n mens se idees via beeldspraak. Dink aan kleurvolle beeldspraak. Simboliek maak dikwels gebruik van helder kleure, items wat die oog vang, dramatiese gebeure,

ens. Sterk beeldspraak beteken egter nie altyd dat dit as simbool gebruik word nie.

Voorbeelde van simboliek: Ek hou van praktiese voorbeelde ter illustrasie. Hier volg enkele voorbeelde:

Water simboliseer lewe en hergeboorte.

Donker simboliseer die bose. Lig simboliseer die goeie. ‘n Kraai simboliseer dat iets boos gaan gebeur ‘n Uil simboliseer wysheid. ‘n Kruis simboliseer genesing en spiritualiteit.

Waarom is simboliek in skryfwerk belangrik?

Simboliek kan belangrike temas uitlig. ‘n Simbool kan daarom nie sommer net enige idee verteenwoordig nie, maar moet by die storie se belangrikste motiewe en temas aansluit. ‘n Mens sal byvoorbeeld nie lig en donker (die goeie en die bose) in ‘n storie aanwend wat niks met die goeie en die bose uit te waai het nie.

In die Divergent-reeks van Veronica Roth wordTris gebore in ‘n faksie wat gekenmerk word deur hulle selflose gedrag. Hulle dra vaal, vormlose klere, besit nie spieëls nie, ens. Wanneer sy dan ‘n nuwe faksie moet kies, kies sy Dauntless wat beskou word as ‘n faksie vir mense met moed en durf. Die mense wat tot Dauntless behoort, dra swart klere, het verskeie tatoeëermerke en hulle spring op bewegende treine en van hoë geboue af. Die kleredrag van die karakters simboliseer die kenmerkende eienskappe en ‘persoonlikheid’van elke faksie.

In Macbeth vryf Lady Macbeth haar hande asof dit bloedbevlek is — ten spyte van die feit dat sy niemand met haar eie hande doodgemaak het nie. Die bloed word dus ‘n simbool vir skuldgevoelens. Wanneer simboliek reg aangewend word, veroorsaak dit beide ‘n intellektuele en emosionele reaksie by die leser. Geslaagde simboliek maak dat die leser makliker met die storie kan identifiseer

In Wuthering Heights simboliseer die vlaktes met hulle versteekte onheil ‘n grys area tussen die goeie en die bose, die area tussen lewe en dood. Dit simboliseer ook die wildheid van Heathcliff se geaardheid.

Wanneer ek aan die fliekThe Sixth Sense dink, dink ek aan die koue en die kleur rooi. Die koue is simbolies van die dood. Rooi

Mense kan ook as simbole aangewend word. In Lord of the Flies simboliseer Ralph se karakter wet en orde en demokrasie, Piggy simboliseer die rasionele en intellektuele en Jack verteenwoordig barbarisme en diktatorskap. Die skulp simboliseer orde, demokrasie, beskawing en outoriteit. Dit bring vrede. Die varkkop simboliseer die bose.

In Spel (Annerle Barnard, 2021) simboliseer heuning heilsaamheid en voeding. Ek het die bye as leitmotif aangewend om die diskrepans tussen die heilsame en die ongesonde (of bose) te illustreer, want van die hommeltuie wat gestuur word om op Lukas te gaan spioeneer, is elektroniese bye.

In Sindikaat (Annerle Barnard, 2019) gaan Paul saam met Bossie en twee vriende na Zambië om te gaan vlieghengel. Om ‘n vis te vang simboliseer rykdom en sukses, maar dit kan ook ‘n waarskuwing wees dat jy jou nie met die verkeerde mense moet ophou nie. Dit is juis as gevolg van verkeerde vriende dat Paul die Chinese sindikaat op sy hakke het.

Drome oor visvang is ‘n waarskuwing dat ‘n mens aandag aan jou emosies moet gee. Paul is ‘n depressielyer wat stoei teen angs.

Laat weet asb. watter simbole in films en boeke vir jou opvallend was.

Lekker skryf.

NOORD KAAP TUINE

Wenke van Welbekende Gepubliseerde Skrywer - Annerle Barnard

Lewer 1 quiche

Bestanddele: Kors

500 ml koekmeel knippie sout 250 g (½ blok) botter 250 g (1 bakkie) laevetroomkaas

Vulsel bietjie olie 1 ui, gekap 2,5 ml droë pietersielie 250 ml biltongskyfies, fyner gekap 375 ml gerasperde Cheddarkaas 3 ekstragroot eiers 125 ml melk 1 pakkie musrooms 250 ml dubbeldik room

Metode:

Voorverhit die oond tot 180 ˚C

Kors:

Sif die koekmeel en sout saam. Vryf die botter by die koekmeel in tot dit soos broodkrummels Iyk. Roer die roomkaas by en meng tot ’n deeg vorm. Plaas die deeg in ’n plastieksakkie en verkoel in die yskas vir 30 minute. Rol die deeg op meelbestrooide werkoppervlak uit. Voer ’n quichepan met 28 cm-deursnee met deeg uit. Prik die bodem van die tertkors met ʼn vurk, voer dit met bakpapier en vul dit met droë bone. Bak

blind vir 12 minute. Verwyder die boontjies en bakpapier en bak die tertkors nog 5 minute. Verwyder uit die oond en hou eenkant.

Vulsel

Verhit die olie en soteer die ui en pietersielie daarin tot die ui sag is. Skep in die tertkors. Sprinkel die biltong musrooms en kaas bo-oor. Klits die eiers. Voeg die melk en room by en roer weer tot goed gemeng. Gooi die eiermengsel versigtig in die tertkors en bak vir 35 minute of tot net gestol.

Bron: Facebook / Liplekker

Millions in BuenosAiresAfter Argentina World Cup Win

The Never Ending Social Media footprint of the Hadeda

‘n Jong man het vir sy pa gevra:

"Hoe het julle mense voorheen geleef metGeen lugversorgde voertuig nie

Geen Wifi nie

Geen internet nie

Geen rekenaars nie

Geen aanlyn inkopies nie

GeenTV's nie

Geen lugversorging nie

Geen selfone nie?

Geen winkelsentrum nie

Geen multiplekse”

Sy Pa het geantwoord:

"Net soos hoe jou generasie vandag leef metGeen gebede nie

Geen deernis nie

Geen eer nie

Geen respek nie

Geen karakter nie

Geen skaamte

Geen beskeidenheid nie

Geen tydsbeplanning nie

Geen sport nie Geen lees nie”

"Ons, die mense wat tussen 1940-1980 gebore is, is die geseëndes. Ons lewe is 'n lewende bewys:

Terwyl ons speel en fietsry, het ons nooit helms gedra nie.

Na skool het ons tot skemer gespeel. Ons het nooitTV gekyk nie.

Ons het met regte vriende gespeel, nie internetvriende nie.

As ons ooit dors gevoel het, het ons kraanwater gedrink en nie gebottelde water nie.

Ons het nooit siek geword nie alhoewel ons dieselfde glas sap met vier vriende gedeel het.

Ons het nooit gewig opgetel nie alhoewel ons elke dag baie rys geëet het.

Niks het met ons voete gebeur nie ten spyte van

kaalvoet rondswerf.

ons ma en pa het nooit enige aanvullings gebruik om ons gesond te hou nie.

Ons het vroeër ons eie speelgoed geskep en daarmee gespeel.

Ons ouers was nie ryk nie. Hulle het ons liefde gegee, nie wêreldse materiaal nie.

Ons het nooit selfone, DVD's, speelstasie, XBox, videospeletjies, persoonlike rekenaars, internetklets gehad nie - maar ons het regte vriende gehad.

Ons het ons vriende se huise ongenooid besoek en saam met hulle kos geniet.

Anders as jou wêreld, het ons familie gehad wat naby gebly het, so familietyd en bande is saam geniet.

Ons was dalk in swart en wit

foto's maar jy sal kleurvolle herinneringe in daardie foto's kry

Ons is 'n unieke en, die mees begripvolle generasie, want ons is die laaste generasie wat na hul ouers geluister het. Ook die eerstes wat na hul kinders moes luister en ons is die wat nog slimmer is en jou nou help om die tegnologie te gebruik wat nooit bestaan het toe ons jou ouderdom was nie!!!

Ons is 'n BEPERKTE uitgawe! So jy beterGeniet ons. Leer by ons. Koester ons. Voordat ons van die aarde en jou lewens verdwyn.

~ Skrywer onbekend

Whimsical West Coast Escapes

fall asleep with the tide.

Weskus Quarry on Steenbokfontein Sea Farm, Lambert’s Bay

Steenbokfontein Sea Farm is a vast and beautiful potato farm 9 km south of the harbour town of Lambert’s Bay

It’s home to the Burger family and has been for the past six generations.

The current “Farmer Burger” at the helm isAlbert.

harbour

But what the name doesn’t tell you is how utterly magnificent it is.

There are two hokkies, as Carol calls them, each clinging to the steep side of the outcrop, with a view over the farm and miles of ocean.

Each unit sleeps two people in snug quarters and has a small seating area in front to enjoy the view

From sleeping in a shack that hugs the shoreline to glamping in a field of Namaqualand daisies, spice up your next weekend away with these six unique accommodation options on the West Coast.

I once spoke to an artist, Marlouw Walters, who’d lived on the West Coast for most of her life. She told me that she moved away because the sea, wind and sand had become too much for her

Barely a year passed after our conversation, and she had

already moved back!

Whatever the West Coast means to you – surfer’s paradise, ancient landscape filled with fossils and history, quiet retreat, home – it seems that the sea, wind and sand tend to stick.

In a good way

Here’s a collection of unique stays in the region, each a far cry from your average holiday lock-up. Whether the ocean is on the horizon or on your doorstep, get ready to rise and

His wife Carol is warm and exuberant, often roaring past in a 4x4 and plying you with local food and drink: chops from Pietie se Vleishuis; fresh farm bread; goat’s cheese from Betty Bok; and potatoes from their own harvest.

To get to Weskus Quarry (one of many accommodation options on the farm), you drive over the Sishen-Saldanha railway line and up a rocky outcrop to where the cabins await.

As the name suggests, the cabins are in an old quarry – the same one that supplied the stone to build the Lambert’s Bay

The decor and amenities are earthy and stylish.There’s also a caravan permanently parked in the quarry

The quarry units share a kitchen and bathrooms (both also built against the rock face) so it’s a great place to book for a weekend with friends.

For those interested in a more secluded escape, there are two more accommodation options nearby: Weskus Hokkie, a onebedroom beach shack that sleeps two; and Weskus Grotjie, another two-sleeper built into a rock face.

At Fork West Farm, near Dwarskersbos, you’ll have kilometres of wild beach all to yourself.

“I wanted to incorporate nature into everything,” says Carol, who tells the story of the farm with passion.

Steenbokfontein’s original farmhouse was built in 1864 and was converted into a restaurant, Die Plaaskombuis, byAlbert’s late mother, Kitta.

“Ma Kitta” is also responsible for building the labyrinth below the quarry After her passing on Valentine’s Day in 2021, the Burgers encourage guests to walk it in her memory

Steenbokfontein Caves are a short walk from the quarry and contain rock paintings at least 8 000 years old.They depict giant buffalo, eland, elephant and lion – animals that no longer roam this part of the world.

Other activities include flower tours on a tractor during spring, abseiling, rock climbing, surfing and braaiing on the beach. The Burgers’daughters, Cara andAnika, will soon plant their own roots here. Cara is studying law and hopes to use her degree to protect the West Coast;Anika

plans to take over her grandmother’s restaurant.They will be the seventh generation of Burgers to live on Steenbokfontein.

Where? 9 km south of Lambert’s Bay, via the R365.

Rates Weskus Quarry from R750 per night; Grotjie from R950 per night; Hokkie from R950 per night. See their website for more. Minimum twonight stay, depending on the season.

Contact 083 458 1575 (Carol); westcoastwonders.co.za

The Berries, Elands Bay

“If something is ‘the berries’it’s like saying it’s the bee’s knees or the cat’s whiskers in surfer slang,” says Gerry van Rensburg, owner of this bungalow in surf mecca, Elands Bay

Gerry lives in Kommetjie for most of the year, where he works as an architect, carpenter and builder, but he escapes to Elands as often as possible.

He started building the house in

2007, after having owned the plot for a decade. “Most of it was built by my own hands, almost entirely from upcycled and salvaged materials and components,” he says.

The rustic log bungalow has two bedrooms that sleep two people each, and a bunk room with two bunk beds (sleeping four).

The bunks are separated from the lounge area by a curtain, which can be drawn for privacy, and there’s a large deck that looks out over Gerry’s indigenous garden and a fire pit.

“The house was originally supplied in kit form byT&B Log Homes in Knysna. It was used as staff quarters at Groote Schuur Hospital back in the day,” Gerry explains.

“I acquired it in 2006 while working on a home for one of my clients.

I documented, dismantled and stored the house until it was practical to transport the components to Elands Bay. I rebuilt it there, albeit in an entirely different configuration.”

Touches of Gerry’s creativity can be seen all over the property: He uses surfboard pieces and boat railings as finishes in the bathroom and has populated the garden with interesting finds like shells, anchors and buoys, which hang from the tree beside the fire pit.

The Berries is a personal and inviting space. It smells like timber, fynbos and the sea breeze.There’s no Wi-Fi, but there is a shelf with great books, and a couch that gets just enough sun for that muchneeded afternoon nap.

Elands Bay has seen significant development over the past few years, butThe Berries remains the kind of place where a family can gather to enjoy each other’s company – and where it’s still okay to walk around with sandy feet.

Where? 8 Snoek Street, Elands Bay South

Rates From R1 700 per night, sleeps eight.

Contact 082 338 9609 (Gerry); gerry@sealevelstudio.co.za

Big Petrol And Diesel Price Drop Coming Next Week

president Cyril Ramaphosa at the ANC’s 55th elective conference in the middle of the month, as well as a softer dollar as risk sentiment improves.

Gulf Coast and as much as 350,000 barrels a day of crude output in North Dakota.

The latest weekly fuel price update from the Central Energy Fund shows that SouthAfrican motorists can expect a big drop in fuel prices at the start of 2023.

According to the CEF’s data for the week ending 21 December 2022, motorists can expect a petrol price cut of around R1.94 per litre in January 2023, while diesel could be cut by as much as R2.73 per litre.

The price forecasts are virtually unchanged from the end of the pervious week except for a 10 cents per litre difference in the diesel price.This represents a relatively stable market, which increases the chances of these changes carrying through to the end of the month.

The lower prices are being driven by much lower international product prices as well as strength in the rand relative to the US dollar

These are the changes you can expect, at the end of week 3 in December

Petrol 93/95: decrease of R1.94

per litre

Diesel 0.05%: decrease of R2.62 per litre

Diesel 0.005%: decrease of R2.73 per litre

Illuminating paraffin: decrease of R2.07 per litre

As has been the case for much of the month, a drop in oil prices is the biggest contributor to the equation, reducing international product prices by between R1.80 and R2.55 per litre in the local formula for petrol and diesel, respectively

The rand, meanwhile, has from political instability in early December and almost regained all its losses, contributing to a 12 to 16 cents per litre drop in the price.

The local unit’s recovery is seeing it push the R17 to the dollar position once again, with the rand trading at R17.02 vs the dollar early on Monday (26 December).

According to market analysts, the positive turn for the rand comes as local political uncertainty eased following a solid victory for

Analysts said that the dollar has been over-valued for some time, given the risk-averse market conditions being driven by a year littered with rate hikes at major central banks – but the sentiment is now shifting, and the greenback could soften even further

Risk – both locally and abroad –is still priced into markets, however, with more volatility expected in 2023. But, for now at least, currency exchanges are working in favour of local motorists.

Global oil prices are telling a different story

The price of a barrel of Brent Crude is slowly increasing.After hovering around $80 a barrel for much of December, the price has slowly climbed to $84 a barrel, and appears to be trending up.

According to Bloomberg analysis, oil rallied to a three-week high and clinched a second straight weekly gain after Russia warned it may cut output by as much as 700,000 barrels a day in response to sanctions on the nation’s crude.

With trading volumes dwindling, Russia’s threat outweighed the impacts of a winter freeze sweeping across the US.The cold has halted one-third of refining capacity on theTexas

Crude is still on track for a modest yearly gain after a volatile year when Russia’s invasion of Ukraine upended oil markets.The invasion led G7 countries to impose a $60-a-barrel price cap on Russian crude in an effort to reduce the Kremlin’s income while keeping exports on the market.

Adding uncertainty to global oil markets is the China problem. The world’s second-largest economy has abandoned its zeroCovid policy – a scenario favouring growing demand for oil and thus higher prices. However, market watchers are concerned over China’s ability to deal with the Covid crisis, as the country experiences record numbers of infections.

Complicating matters is China dropping the daily reporting of case numbers, making it difficult for analysts to gauge the economic impact of the pandemic.

For now, while trending upward, even at $84 a barrel, oil prices are significantly lower than the $100 a barrel mark that drove local fuel prices so much higher in the middle of the year, and prices still support a fuel price drop in SouthAfrica next month.

The Department of Energy is expected to announce the official petrol and diesel price changes before the come into effect next Wednesday (4 January 2023).

It will cost SouthAfrica close to R320 billion over the next five years to get green hydrogen projects off the ground, and a governmentappointed panel has recommended "bold" policy that enables private sector investment in the emerging industry

Earlier in December, the Department ofTrade, Industry and Competition released the Green Hydrogen Commercialisation Strategy for SouthAfrica for public comment. In June 2021, Trade, Industry and Competition Minister Ebrahim Patel appointed a green hydrogen panel to put together the report. It builds on research by the Department of Science and Innovation since 2007 on establishing the green hydrogen industry.

The commercialisation strategy comes hot off the heels of the inaugural Green Hydrogen Summit, which showcased SouthAfrica as a large-scale, low-cost green hydrogen production hub to potential investors and businesses.

Germany pledged a €23 million (R420 million) grant at the summit to act as equity to support upcoming green hydrogen projects.The funding is part of Germany's contribution to the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) with SouthAfrica and other international partners – UK, France and Germany The JETPinvestment plan lists green hydrogen as one of the three priority areas – the other two being electricity and electric vehicles – where solutions will be targeted to reduce greenhouse gas

emissions, thereby ensuring that SouthAfrica meets its climate commitments.

According to the JETP investment plan, the green hydrogen industry will require R319 billion between 2023 and 2027.The funding is needed for the relevant infrastructure and production capacity

Hydrogen can be produced through a process of electrolysis – when an electric current is passed through water to split it into hydrogen and oxygen. When the electricity source is renewable energy – solar PV and wind –this means that no carbon emissions are released, so the product is dubbed "green" hydrogen. But when a fossil fuel like coal or gas is used as the electricity source, then emissions are released, which is why the product is known as "grey" or regular hydrogen. Hydrogen production through fossil fuels, coupled with technologies that can capture carbon emissions, is referred to as "blue" hydrogen.

Green hydrogen is important to use as an alternative fuel or energy source for industries like steelmaking or the production of fertilisers and ammonia, which are carbonintensive or release carbon emissions.

The panel report highlights that green hydrogen is becoming an increasingly competitive space – and countries with "favourable" renewable energy sources and locations are likely to become net exporters of green hydrogen or ammonia (which is easier and safer to transport).

"The race for first-mover

advantage is thus well under way, and SouthAfrica is lagging other competing countries, which are Morocco, Ukraine, SaudiArabia, Chile andAustralia, to name a few," the report read. So far, 30 national strategies for hydrogen have been published, including by countries which will be net importers. SouthAfrica published its strategy – the Hydrogen Society Roadmap –earlier this year

The European Union (EU) and Japan have been flagged as major importers of green hydrogen. Without interventions from government and the private sector, South Africa is not well placed to compete with the Middle East andAustralia for green hydrogen markets in Japan and South Korea, the report

noted.

SouthAfrica's primary markets for green hydrogen could likely be the EU and the UK. These markets have already invested in SouthAfrica through the JETP. In June 2021, Germany, through its development bank KfW, launched a €200 million (R3.4 billion) concessional financing initiative to help develop South Africa's green hydrogen industry, the report noted.

SouthAfrica will, however, face significant competition from Morocco and Ukraine for the EU market.These countries have already announced initiatives for green hydrogen with the EU, the report indicated. Namibia, through its ties with Germany, will collaborate with South Africa as a green hydrogen exporter, the report read.

To increase its market share from 7%, South Africa will have to improve its competitiveness against other exporting countries by relying on interventions from government, public sector institutions and the private sector, the report indicates.

Supplied DTIC

Upington Besigheidsvrou Reël water vir kinders wie nie eers drinkwater het nie

Upington Besigheidsvrou Jolande Burger (eienaar van Koekedoortjie) is die afgelope week bewus gemaak van die feit dat daar absoluut geen water in Pabello Upington was nie. Nie eers drinkwater nie.

Sy het dadelik haar groep vriende gekontak en 150 liter water georganiseer wat by daardie jong kinders afgelewer is wat nie eers drinkwater gehad het nie.

Welgedaan Jolande hierdie tipe gebare word opreg waardeer

The organisers of theTweede Nuwe Jaar Minstrel Parade in CapeTown say it’s all systems go for the return of the iconic event.The event has not been able to take place for two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Minstrel competitions are expected to take place throughout January with the Tweede Nuwe Jaar parade taking place on the second of January in the city centre.

Chairperson of the Kaapse Klopse KarnivalAssociation, Muneeb Gambino, says they have at least 15 troupes taking place with lots more entertainment.

“I think the carnival is going to be bigger and better than ever before.The music, the dance movements and the uniforms that they prepared for themselves are just extraordinary.”

“People should come down to theTweede Nuwe Jaar and revel in what is going to be presented to them,” adds Gambino.

KOMPETISIE COMPETITION

Massive Hiring Freeze Trend In South Africa

Hiring freezes and layoffs have become more common domestically and abroad in 2022 with US businesses and South African CEOs looking to slash costs ahead of a possible recession, says Nedgroup.

The group’s latest Pulse Report for November, which analysed global and domestic markets, found that BigTech has been letting several employees go since December 2021.

Companies such as Elon Musk’s Tesla andTwitter, retail giant Amazon and tech conglomerate Meta have all seen upwards of tens of thousands of employees being laid off work.

According to Nedgroup, the most notable of the long list of tech companies reducing their workforce has beenTwitter, dominating headlines after Elon

Musk’s acquisition on 28 October

“He embarked on a massive revamp of the teams and business model ofTwitter and laid off 50% of its 7,500 employees.The announced layoffs in the tech sector this year are sparking investor concerns that broad labour market deterioration is on the horizon,” said Nedgroup.

Goldman Sachs, however, believes that tech layoffs are not indicative of such a slowdown due to the following:

the tech sector making up a small share of aggregate employment, tech job openings are well above pre-pandemic levels, past spikes in announced tech layoffs have not preceded spikes in announced total layoffs

In SouthAfrica, however, layoffs, regardless of the sector, have been eyed as a way of navigating uncertain economic times by big business.

The latest CEO Outlook for SouthAfrica from financial services firm KPMG found that over 80% of CEOs in the county have implemented or plan to implement a hiring freeze in the next few months.

KPMH researched 50 top CEOs from various industries between July andAugust to learn about their perspectives on the nation and its future.The poll of domestic CEOs was then compared to 1,300 other global executives.

According to KPMG, organisations and their executives are being pressured to reevaluate their strategies in

light of the impending recession, with talent retention being one of the key issues being addressed.

Out of the surveyed, South African CEOs, 36% of them stopped hiring new employees, almost in line with the 39% of CEOs globally who have done the same.

The country’s unemployment rate remains a level below the pre-pandemic period despite rebounds made in certain economic sectors. Economists from the Bureau of Economic Research reported that despite a recent one percentage point increase in the unemployment rate from 32.9% to 33.9% – it remains bleak.

They noted that employment recovery had lagged that of real GDP

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