A Powerful, Proactive Approach To Fight Invasive Pests And Diseases
Rapid globalization is fundamentally changing grape growing practices. In the face of expanding ports of invasive pests and diseases from around the world and nation, California’s winegrape growers today rely on the innovative grower-government partnership created two decades ago. The
Pierce’s
Disease/Glassy-Winged
Sharpshoot-
er Board is the w inegrape growers’ most powerful and innovative a pproach to rapidly and proactively respond to emerging pest and disease threats— a program that has matured faster and progressed further than anyone could have anticipated when growers established it after Temecula vineyards were decimated in the 1990s. Field trials are showing promising results, PD- resistant winegrapes and other control techniques are headed toward commercial availability, and research continues to search for practical and sustainable solutions and control methods for PD, GWSS, and other serious w inegrape pests and d iseases. Through it all, the PD/GWSS Board, guided by winegrape growers and vintners from around the state, e nsures that assessment funds are spent wisely and productively.
Partnership For Winegrape Pest Solutions
Research At Work For You
Board-funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Pierce’s Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter
Board-Funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Other Designated Pests and Diseases
Where It Comes From
Federal Dollars State Dollars Industry Dollars
How It Is Spent
Federal Program Operations State Program Operations Research Other
Growers’ decision 20 years ago to fund research to protect their industry opened the door to a grow er-government partnership that is paying dividends today. Thanks to statewide containment and management efforts funded by the federal and state government, GWSS has largely been prevented from spreading to new areas. This has g iven researchers time to search for long-term, s ustainable solutions to PD/ GWSS, supported by funds collected via the PD/GWSS Winegrape Assessment. By sharing r esponsibility, this partnership effectively addresses the pest and disease challenges facing California winegrape growers.
Partnership For Winegrape Pest Solutions
Research At Work For You
Board-funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Pierce’s Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter
Board-Funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Other Designated Pests and Diseases
$45.4 Million for Research Since 2001
$34.3 million for PD/GWSS research $6.3 million for other pests and diseases $2.9 million for field trials $1.2 million for insecticide studies $0.46 million for grapvine tissue culture and transformation $0.29 million for economic analyses
Research At Work For You
The Board has made extensive progress investing in research that protects vineyards, prevents spread and delivers practical and sustainable solutions. The consistent, reliable research funding made possible by the PD/GWSS assessment means our industry supports leading scientists dedicated to PD and other serious pests and diseases threatening winegrapes. The rapid progress made in finding a solution to PD, from the start of research to field trials, has been unparalleled. Extensive research efforts since the p rogram started have delivered many potential solutions to PD that are already undergoing field trials. Promising results from these field trials may lead to commercial applications that could ease the statewide threat of PD.
Partnership For Winegrape Pest Solutions
Board-funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Pierce’s Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter
Board-Funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Other Designated Pests and Diseases
• Addressing knowledge gaps in Pierce’s disease
• Management of insecticide resistance in glassy-
epidemiology: Underappreciated vectors, winged sharpshooter populations using toxicologi The Board has made extensive progress investing in re genotypes, and patterns of spread. cal, biochemical, and genomic tools. search that protects vineyards, prevents spread and de• Breeding PD-resistant winegrapes. • Management of the federal permits for field-testing livers practical and sustainable solutions. The consistent, • Field evaluation of cross-graft protection transgenic grapevine rootstocks in California. reliable research funding made possible by the PD/GWSS • Molecular breeding support for the development effective against PD by dual DNA constructs assessment means our industry supports leading scienexpressed in transgenic grape rootstocks. of PD-resistant winegrapes. tists dedicated to PD and other serious pests and diseases • Generating PD-resistant grapevines using • Optimizing biological control of PD with Paraburk threatening winegrapes. The rapid progress made in find CRISPR/Cas9 and traditional transgenic holderia phytofirmans. ing a solution to PD, from the start of research to field trials, • Testing of grapevines designed to block vector approaches. has been unparalleled. Extensive research efforts since the • Geographic distribution of isolate virulence transmission of Xylella fastidiosa. program started have delivered many potential solutions to • Transgenic rootstock-mediated protection of in Xylella fastidiosa collected from grape in PD that are already undergoing field trials. Promising results California and its effect on host resistance. grapevine scion by single and stacked DNA from these field trials may lead to commercial applications • Grape protoplast isolation and regeneration constructs. that could ease the statewide threat of PD. of plant for use in gene editing technology.
Board-funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Pierce’s Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter
Board-Funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Other Designated Pests and Diseases
• A study on the impact of individual and mixed leafroll
• Improving extension outcomes: identifying drivers and
infections on the metabolism of ripening wine grape berries.
barriers to adoption of management practices using leafroll
• Biology and role of treehoppers in grapevine red blotch
and red blotch disease as model systems.
disease.
• Resistance to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 and
• Ecology of grapevine red blotch virus .
the grape mealybug.
• Education and outreach for the Grapevine Certification
• Seasonal ecology and transmission efficiency of
and Registration Program, and an assessment of recently
three-cornered alfalfa hopper and other novel insect
established production blocks.
vectors of grapevine red blotch associated virus.
• Effects of grapevine red blotch disease on flavor and flavor
• Structure-function studies on grapevine red blotch virus
precursor formation in the grape and on wine quality.
to elucidate disease etiology.
• Grapevine virus management in Lodi: a collaborative research
• Timing of field transmission of grapevine red blotch-
and integrated outreach effort to help solve a statewide
associated virus.
challenge.
• Understanding symptomology and physiological effects
• Identification of grape cultivars and rootstocks with
of red blotch disease in vineyards in Oregon’s Willamette
resistance to vine mealybug.
Valley.
• Improved understanding of virus transmission and
• Virus-based delivery of interfering RNAs targeting grapevine
management of key vector(s) associated with grapevine
leafroll-associated virus(es) and associated mealybugs.
red blotch virus.
Board-Funded Research Projects for 2019-2020: Other Designated Pests and Diseases
In today’s global economy, California’s wine industry is
Winegrape assessment funds have supported re-
constantly under the threat of new pests and diseases.
search and outreach on other serious pests and
Quick action is essential to eliminate emerging threats.
diseases of winegrapes, including:
The PD/GWSS Board and assessment gives the wine-
• European grapevine moth (EGVM)
grape industry the ability to respond rapidly, without
• Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB)
the need for additional legislation or other delays. This
• Mealybugs
puts key decisions for funding research and outreach
• Grapevine red bloth (GRBaV)
in the hands of the winegrape growers.
• Grapevine leafroll disease
A remarkable success which the PD/GWSS Board
• Grapevine fanleaf disease
participated in was the eradication of the European grapevine moth from five counties within one year of its detection. This fast response saved the winegrape industry h undreds of millions of dollars in crop loss, treatments, and loss of markets.
Primed For New Threats
Two Decades of Successes
20 years since the PD/GWSS combination first Âdevasted vineyards in Temecula Valley and was poised
000 of research projects since 2001. 3 million number of PD-resistant winegrape vines
to spread statewide 6 pests and diseases
and roots headed toward commercial availability.
designated as serious threats, including, European
$32 million spent on Pierce’s disease and glassy-
grapevine moth (eradicated in 2016), grapevine red
winged sharpshooter research.
blotch disease, brown marmorated stink bug, mealy-
$4.9 million spent on research for other pests and
bugs, grapevine leafroll disease and grapevine fanleaf
diseases.
winegrape grower assessment rate average.
$2.8 million spent on PD field trials. $1.2 million spent on insecticide studies. 15 Pierce’s Disease Research Symposia held to bring
$66.87 million total revenue from the California
together leading researchers to share new ideas &
winegrape assessment since 2001.
research progress.
$20 million a year in federal and state funding to
2.66 million biological control agents released at
control and prevent the further spread of GWSS.
agricultural, riparian, and urban sites in 16 California
$45.4 million total spent on research by the PD/
counties.
disease.
$1.42 per $1,000 of crop value annual California
GWSS Board since 2001.
$3 million+ of winegrape grower assessment dollars are spent each year on research and other efforts to find solutions to PD and other pests and diseases.
Two Decades of Successes
FOR MORE INFORMATION: CDFA PD Control Program—www.cdfa.gov/pdcp PD/GWSS Board—www.pdgwss.net Pierce’s Disease Research—www.piercesdisease.org November 2019 | Printed on 100 percent recycled paper