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SISTERS of MARYKNOLL
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SISTERS of
MARYKNOLL Through Troubled Waters
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SiskA tlllaAy II Paul Co9an 7/. f7
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New York • CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS • 1947
COPYRIGHT,
1947,
BY
CHARLES SCRIBNER' S SONS Printed in the United States of America
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without the permission of Charles Scribner's Sons
Nihil obstat JOHN
M, A.
FEARNS, S.T.D. CENSOR LIBRORUM.
Imprimatur ~ FRANCIS CARDINAL SPELLMAN, ARCHBISHOP OF NEW YORK
LIBRARY ABBEY OF NEW CLAIRVAUX VINA, CA 96092
TO MOTHER MARY JOSEPH MOTHER OF MISSIONERS
A FEW frightened fishermen crouching in an upper room in f i Jerusalem ... "And there appeared to them parted tongues as it were of fire, and it sat upon everyone of them." In the twinkling of an eye had begun the fierce and tumultuous struggle which was to cast forth that fire into the uttermost corners of the globe. That very day were added to the Catholic Church three thousand souls. That very day started the great missionary "trek" which has wound its way all around the globe. The casting of that fire has been a work hot and arduous. Full of struggle and strain and defeat; full of failures and new beginnings. But it has been a pageant full of life and brilliance and glory-of color and movement. The forward missionary surge of the Catholic Church catches up in every age the richest contributions of chosen souls and carries them along in its eager march. Eager were the first missionary bishops who travelled to Greece, Rome, Spain and Africa. Eager were the neophytes whom they left behind, hiding in obscure corners of a hostile pagan world. And just as eager and of kindred spirit were the missioners of yesterday found by America's fighting men on every front in the war of the Pacific. The conflagration is over but the interest in the innate nobility of mind and soul as it faces the tragic realities and the dramatic commonplaces of war courageously and with a saving sense of humor never ends. Admiration deepens for the undaunted spirit that with peace begins, in alien lands, a rebuilding amidst catastrophic destruction. There is a public of readers avid for accounts of war experiences and reconstruction efforts_ These brief, blunt reports from Maryknoll Sisters, which tell how they carried on in the Orient when war brought their missionary activities to a standstill, relate a story of devotion to God and man, ever old and ever new. These heroic missioners make no pretense to heroism. In refugee colonies, in Japanese concentration camps, they turned to tasks nearest at hand. With the American forces they served as nurses, as trained secretaries; Sister doctors cared for the army of the dispossessed, and other v
Sisters helped feed the starving hordes; interned, the Sisters nursed and taught and cooked and sewed, played with the children and helped sustain the morale of the elders. Their experiences they relate directly, simply, forcibly, without attempt at literary elaboration. The very impact of the raw facts leaves the thoughtful reader profoundly shaken and humbled. In these reports we see a new example of the exaltation of the human spirit which comes to great souls when they face great dangers; when fortitude is forged in the crucible of suffering; when the charity of Christ presses the soul of the missionary to consummate its sacrifice in martyrdom. WIth humility and envy we watch the Maryknollers carry the spirit of their vocation into their unchosen war-time service. Theirs is a healthy, well-balanced spirit, full of holiness and humor; a spirit that can make light of a thousand mile journey in sampan, river-boat, Chinese truck and bus, American jeep and decrepit train; a spirit that can emphasize homely, human incidents in the midst of cities blazing with bomb-fire, camps frightful with famine, jails shorn of all privacy, shrapnel-sprayed hillside and espionage close and constant, designed to wreck minds and conquer souls. ' When the glow of these great and dangerous days has faded somewhat, this book will stand as a reminder of the priceless legacy of missionary greatness. It is the greatness which Christ taught on the Cross. "Unless the grain of wheat falling into the ground die, itself remaineth alone. But if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit." Maryknoll had no fear that the seed of faith planted in the Orient would not be harvested. Though its houses were leveled to the ground, its personnel scattered to the four winds, its works interrupted, native priests, native Sisters and native Christians, trained and developed by these selfless missionaries, were jealously guarding the treasure, and some day Maryknoll would return. That day has come. Departure ceremonies bid Godspeed to the occupational army of Christ, in whose heart flames the fire of Love. Friends of Maryknoll since its ~nception, and new friends to be made through this simple narrative for America's first Catholic missionary foundation, join in prayers and good wishes for a bright future. +Richard J. Cushing Archbishop of Boston vi
COlllpllis PREFACE by Richard J. Cushing, Archbishop of Boston
Part One
O'Jd PJilippil1dG Fine Tempered Steel 2. Epistles from the Philippines. . 3. The Fruit of the Spirit. 4. The Yankee in the Camp of Los Banos. 5. Patterns in the Grass 1.
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28 37 51
Part Two
6. The Rock. 7. Bread and Barbed Wire 8. Bombs Away . 9. "A Lamp to My Feet" .
Part Three
O'Jd vJ!MIJ "Before the Face of His Cold" Orient Ode 12. Changing of the Guard . 13. Carrying Their Sheaves 10. 11.
Part Four
14. These Are Our Jewels . 15. More Precious than Rubies 16. The End Is My Beginning.
INDEX
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}
Agnes Regina, Sister, 46. Agnes Virginia, Sister, 107. Agneta, Sister, 187 f., 203. Allie, Father, 86. Alphonsa, Sister, 46. Alphonsus, Father, 2 I I. Amata, Sister, 72, 73, 85· Ancilla Marie, Sister, 49, 195. Andrew, Sister, 15 Angela Marie, Sister, 158. Antonia Marie, Sister, 109; consultant U.N.R.R.A., 201. Antoinette, Sister, 49. Aquinata, Sister, 19 f. Arnold, General, 202. Asama Maru, 59 f. Assumpta, Sister, 25. Assumption College, 4, 12, 20 ff., 25, 34. Baguio, 7, 15 f., 55; aftermath of war, .198; chapel donated, 8; flight from, 57. Barker, Dr., 158. Bauer, Father, 104 f. Beata, Sister, 39. Bernadette, Sister, 186. Blessed Sacrament, care of in war, Chinnampo, 131; Dairen, 138ff.; Fushun, 137 ff.; Heijo, 140; Hopei, 138; Los Banos, 39, 42; Maryknoll Academy, 139; Yeng You, 14 1 •
Blois, Bishop, 166, 17 I. Bread-making, internment, 83. Bridgettine, Sister, I I, 18, 20" 25· Brigida, Sister, II, 15, 29, 35, 54· Bureau of Religious Affairs, 20, 43· Byrne, Father, 162. Cabanatuan, 32. Calendar of events, Sisters ill Philippines, 15. Camillus, Sister, 69, 16'2. Candida Maria, Sister, 77, I I 7. Caritas, Sister, 22, 43. Carmencita, Sister, 15, 16, 56. Casey, Monsignor, 42. Catechists, Training School for Women, 104. Catherine, Sister, 48. Cecilia Marie, Sister, 77. Celine Marie, Sister, 137. Chanel, Sister, 107, 201. Chiang Kai-Shek, Madame, 108. China, 6, 63-121, 200-202, 213. Chinnampo, 129 ff. Christella, Sister, 88, 91, 113. Christmas, Chinnampo, 135 ; Dairen, 142; Fushun, 143144; Hawaii, 145-146, 207; Hong Kong, 73, 145; Kowloon, 145; Los Banos, 44, 49; 21 5
216
Malabon, 199; Manila, 18; Shanghai, 101-102, 163 f.; Shingishu, 141 f.; Yengyou, 141. Clarke, Dr. Selwyn, 80. Claver, Sister, II, 16, 17,51. Clement, Sister, 79. Clothing, 45, 46. Clotilde, Sister, 12, 22. Colman, Sister, I I, 22, 25-27, 40 f., 42. Colombiere, Sister, 2 I 3. Concepcion, Sister, I I, 16, 17, 25,51; diary, 51 ff. Constance, Sister, 15, 16, 31, 58, 198. Corazon, Sister, 69. Corita, Sister, 164. Cornelia, Sister, 2 I 3. Cummings, Father, 31, 39. Cushing, Archbishop, 167. Dairen, 127, 128; aftermath of war, 205 f.; internment, 138 ff., 150-154; loyalty of natives, 177ff.; repatriation, 163. Daniel, Sister, 207. David Marie, Sister, 5, II. de Chantal, Sister, II, 25. de Lellis, Sister, 129. Dolorita, Sister, 162, 165. Dolorosa, Sister, 105, I I 7. Dominic, Sister, 138. Dominican Fathers, 26, 56. Donnelly, Father, 67. Doolittle, General, 157. Downs, Father, 114 ff. Drought, Rev. James, 157. Edwardine, Sister, 8. Elenita, Sister, imprisonment, 129 ff. Eliot, T. S., 36, 139.
INDEX
Elise, Sister, 176, I go. Ellen Mary, Sister, 165. Eucharista, Sister, gl, 93, Ilg. Eugenia, Sister, 131, 141. Fabiola, Sister, 138, 177. Famula, Sister, 68, 6g, 71, 75, 88,8g. Feeney, Father, 65, 67, 76, 77, 145¡ Fidelis, Sister, 58. Fort Santiago, II, 16,28 ff., 35, 47; Sisters confined in, 2g ff. Frances Marion, Sister, 8g. Francis, Sister, 110, 118. Frederica, Sister, 23, 38, Ig4. Fushun, 138; care of Blessed Sa'::rament, 127 f.; Christmas, 143-144; internment, 148149, 155; loyalty of natives, 171 ff., 185; repatriation, 158. Gabriella, Sister, 141, 158. Gemma, Sister, gl, 161, 162. Georgia, Sister, 20. Gerard, Sister, 150, 164. Gingles, Ed, 83-84. Goa, 165. Gonzaga, Sister, 83, go. Gregoria, Sister, 12g. Gregorio, 24, 50. Gripsholm, gl, 159 f., 164, 166, IgI. Guevara family, 5. Haggerty, Father, 126, 158. Hawaii, 145-146, 206 f.; tidal wave, 210. Hawthorne, g. Hessler, Father, gl. Heijo (Japanese name for Pyengyang), 131, 140, 187; see also Pyengyang.
INDEX
Henrietta, Sister, 107. Hewitt, Father, 177. Hildebrand, Father, 162. Holy Communion, see Blessed Sacrament. Holy Father, Inissioners ordered home by, 157. Holy Spirit School, 78. Hong Kong, 63; aftermath of war, 201; attack on, 67; economic conditions, 79 ff., fall of, 73; internment, 84. Hopei, 138, 149. Huges, Father Russell, 30, 32, 34, 4 1, 196 . Hughes, Father, 209. Hunt, Bill, 86. Hunt, Father, 129. Hyacinth, Sister, 15, 16, 56; disappearance of, 57. Ignacio, Father, 5 f. Ignatia, Sister, 107. Imelda, Sister, 103. Isabel, Sister, 20. Jacquenot, Father, 99. JaInias, Caterina, 23. Jeanne Marie, Sister, 120-121. Jesuits, 20, 23; Scholastics, 41, 4 2 ,44. Jolenta, Sister, 21 I. Jordan, Lt. Com., 3, 4. Joseph Marie, Sister, 71, 145. Joseph, Mother Mary, 7, 9, 13, 87,127, 134f., 166, 186,203, 205, 208 ff. Jurgens, Bishop, 42, 49. Justin, Sister, 18,47. Kaying, 103, I I I . Kennelly, Father, 104. Kobe, 13, 158, 159, 191. Korea, 8, 125, 129ff., 14of.;
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aftermath of war, 202; Russian Zone, 203 f. Kowloon, 63; aftermath of war, 201; bombing of, 65, 90; Christmas, 145. Kunming,6. K wangchowaan, 112. Kweilin, 103, 114; evacuation of, 120 ff. Kyoto, 162. Laguna de Bay, 37, 39. Laipo, 200. Lane, Most Rev. Raymond A., 125, 155, 205; imprisoned, 126. Laochow, 114 f. La Salle College, 66. Las Piiias, 4. Lelia, Sister, 126; arrested, 127; distributes Holy Communion, 137, 186. Lenahan, Father, 140, 178. Ligouri, Sister, 183. Lingayen, 12. Lo Pa Hong, 94; murdered, 102. Lopez, Father, 25. Los Banos, 3, I I f., 14 f., 27, 37-5 0, 194; Christmas, 44, 49; clothing, 45-46; courses given, 47; diocese, 42; food, 44, 45; Liberty Week, 49; nursing in, 46; rescue from, 37; Silver Jubilee celebration, 49. Loting,6. Lucena, fall of, 19; return to, 197¡ Luke, Sister, 32, 139. Lustig, Father, 209. Macao orphanage, I 10, 193. Madeleine Sophie, Sister, I 18.
218 Magdalena, Sister, I 1 I : Malabon, 3 if.; Christmas 1945, 199· Manchukuo, see Manchuria. Manchuria, 125 if., 137-140, 142-144, 147- 148, 150--153, 155, 158 if., 171 if. Manila, 4; attack on, 18; battle of, 5 I if.; evacuated by army, 18; fired by Japanese, 51 if.; occupied by Japanese, 19; War Guilt Trials, 199 f. Manzanar, 186. Marcella, Sister, 37, 196. Maria, Sister, 138. Maria del Rey, Sister, 4 if., 12, 23· Maria Regis, Sister, 73, 88-89· Maria Teresa, Sister, 183, 192. Marie Aimee, Sister, 1 I. Marie Bernard, Sister, 15, 38, 43· Marie Elise, Sister, 139, 205. Marilyn, Sister, 207. Marion Cecilia, Sister, 25. Maui, 145. Maryknoll Academy, 139. Maryknoll Convent School, 64 if., 70 , 77. Maryknoll Fathers, 9, 75, 113· "Maryknoll Marines," 209 f. Maryknoll Normal College, 17, 19· Maryknoll Sisters, number in war zones, 8. Matthew Marie, Sister, 70. Maura Bernadette, Sister, 12, 39· Maura Shaun, Sister, 12, 194, 197· McCarthy, Father, 47. McCullum, Mrs., 2 I I. Meyer, Father, 83, 85, 91. Miller, Captain, 86.
INDEX
Miriam, Sister, 158. Miriam Thomas, Sister, 22, 45, 200. Moira, Sister, 201. Monahan, Father, S.J., 47. Monica Marie, Sister, 6, 103. Mukden, 158. Mulry, Father, S.]., 42, 47. Muntinlupa Prison, 3, 14, 37, 194 f. Nance, Dr., 46. Native Clergy, 185. Native Sisters, 187; community at Toyko, 191; Maryknoll Sisters, 185 if., Sisters during war, 206; vocations, 185. Natives, loyalty of, 206; Chinese, 181 if.; Filipino, 24; Korean, 202 f.; Manchurian, 171 if., 177 f.; torture of, 176. Neurey, Mother, 164. Nursing, cholera, 109; Los Banos, 46; war victims: Hong Kong, 70 if.; Loting, 104; Manila, 8, 18; Shanghai, 94 if. O'Callahan, Father, S.]., 35. O'Gara, Bishop, 88, 90. O'Shea, Bishop, 126. Ossining, Maryknoll Sisters' Motherhouse, 9. Paschang, Bishop, 110. Patricia, Sister, 112. Patricia Marie, Sister, 5, 42. Paul, Sister, 66 if., 70, 75, 90 f., 107 if., I I 3, 120. Paula, Sister, 149. Pei Chiao, 95. Peter, Sister, 138, 150, 189, 191. Pheur, Father, 125.
INDEX
Philippines, 3-6, I I-59, 195200. Philomena Marie, Sister, I I. Piani, Monsignor, 42. Pingnam, 1°4. Pope, Mr., 2 I I. Pyengyang (Korean name for Heijo), 2°4; see also Heijo. Queen Mary Hospital, 80, 145. Redempta, Sister, II, 18, 35. Regina, Sister, 65 ff., 86. Relief kitchen, Kaying, I I I. Remedias Hospital, I I. Repatriation, 156; Dairen, 163; Fushun, 158. Richard, Sister, 104 f. Rita Clare, Sister, 126, 128. Rita Marie, Sister, 103. Robert Marie, Sister, I I. Rogers, Mary Josephine, 9· Romaniello, Msgr. John, 109. Rose, Mother, 2 I. Rose Ann, Sister, 190, 205. Rose Benigna, Sister, 189. Rose Genevieve, Sister, 18, 38. Rose Marie, Sister, 35. Rose Matthew, Sister, I I, 20, 39· Rose of Lima, Sister, 141, 176. Rose Victor, Sister, 200. Ryan, Father, 143. Sabina, Sister, 139, 149, 189 f. St. Dominic, Sister, 69. St. James Academy, 17. St. Jude's Patronage, 23; St. Mary's Hall, 17,51. St. Paul's Hospital, 17, 18. San Bartolome, 3, 5. Santo Tomas, internment camp, 16, 21, 23, 26. Scholastica, Sister, IS, 45.
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Sea Bees, 4. Seoul, 202 f. Service Ribbons awarded Maryknoll Sisters, 2 I 3. Shanghai, 94-102; burying the dead, 98-100; Christmas, 102; "Incident," 12, 94 ff.; internment, 163 f. Shingishu, 14 I. Sisters of Charity, Spanish, 17. Sisters of Holy Cross, 20. Slavin, Father, 208 f. Souen family, 113 ff. Stanley Internment Camp, 84; bread-making, 83; FirstCommunion, 89; Holy Week, 88 f., 91 ff.; works in, 87. Stanley Jail, internment in, 75, 85· Stella Marie, Sister, 142, 151, 164. Study in internment, 22. Sullivan, Father, 67. Sumire Camp, I6I. Susanna, Sister, 186. Sylvester, Sister, 8. Talitha, Sister, 139, 190. Teia Maru, 161, 164. Teresa, Mother, 89. Thompson, Francis, 74, 137· Tidal Wave, Hawaii, 210 f. Taan Chuk, 6. Tokyo, 158. Torture of natives, 176. Trinita, Sister, I I, IS, 16, 17, 23, 30 ff., 48, 197; witness War Guilt Trials, 199. Tuba, 56. Tubao, 58. T'ung Hua, 150. Una, Sister, 15 f., 56. U.S.O.-Hawaii, 206.
INDEX
220
Valtorta, Bishop, 75Visitation, missions, 13.
Xavier Marie, Sister, 165.
Walsh, James Anthony, Father, 9, 14, 212. War Guilt Trials, 199 f. Watlam, 113. Wuchow, bombing of, 106 ff.
Yamashita, General, 199. Yeungkong, 104 f., 108; dispensary, 109; evacuation of, 116 ff. Yeng You, 141.
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Roderick Hall Coli.
II E R I T ACE I. I K MAR Y
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BV 2300 .Fe C61947 Sisters of Maryknoll: through troubled waters I by Sister Mary de Paul Cogan
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