Heraldo USA Martes 4 de junio de 2024

Claudia Sheinbaum President of Mexico

CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM PARDO, VIRTUAL WINNER OF THE MEXICAN PRESIDENCY FOR THE 2024-2030 TERM

“I come from the social movement... To govern is to serve. To govern is to make decisions and bear the pressures that can arise from those decisions.”

During her term as head of government, homicides decreased by 49%, she states

She was the first woman to obtain the title of doctor in Energy Engineering by the UNAM.

In 2007, she was part of the Panel of Experts on Climate Change that won the Nobel Peace Prize.

Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo conducted postdoctoral research at the University of California at Berkeley

For the first time in the history of our country, a woman, who is a mother, grandmother, and scientist, Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo, whose career spans both science and social struggle, assumes the highest office in the nation

59.35% 11.3%

BY: ANGÉLICA SIMÓN UGALDE ILLUSTRATION: MARCO FRAGOSO

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In 2008, she led the “Las Adelitas” movement to resist neoliberal reforms that sought to privatize oil and natural resources.

Her grandparents emigrated from Lithuania and Bulgaria to escape Nazi persecution.

OF THE VOTES WERE IN FAVOR OF CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM ( 03 JUN, 20:00). OF COUNTRIES HAD FEMALE HEADS OF STATE IN 2023 (UN WOMEN). MORE COUNTRIES IN THE AMERICAS ARE GOVERNED BY WOMEN: HONDURAS AND PERU.

Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo will take on the greatest challenge of her political career: governing for everyone; for those who expect continuity from the so-called Fourth Transformation and those who seek structural changes; for women and men; for those living in Mexico and those residing abroad, for a cross-border society that needs integration and well-being.

Doctor in Energy Engineering, academic, social leader, former local government environmental secretary, former mayor, former head of government of the nation’s capital, and key figure in the movement that brought her predecessor, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, to the presidency in 2018, will now have to use her experience, knowledge, and scientific rigor to carry out her national project.

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TO GOVERN IS TO SERVE. HER COMMITMENT TO MIGRANTS: TO DEFEND THEM

“To govern is to serve. To govern is to make decisions and bear the pressures that can arise from those decisions,” says the new president of Mexico in her documentary, highlighting her commitment to the people and building the best possible Mexico.

Part of this commitment includes addressing migration by tackling its causes; a Mexico that supports and seeks the prosperity of compatriots living abroad, more than 37 million in the USA. In addition to thanking them for the remittances they send to the country and recognizing the work they do to strengthen the North American economy, Claudia Sheinbaum addressed compatriots living there, telling them she will defend them.

MILLION MEXICANS LACK LEGAL RESIDENCY DOCUMENTS IN THE U.S.

MILLION MEXICANS LIVE IN THE UNITED STATES.

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KILOMETERS OF BORDER WITH OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBOR.

WE SHARE

3,152

Safeguard the respect for human rights of the Mexican community abroad

Institutionalize regional management of human mobility with closer cooperation with countries in the north and south

CHALLENGESANDCOMMITMENTSWITHTHE

Increase the operational capacity of the foreign ministry with more material and personnel resources

Reaffirm the identity of the Mexican diaspora as essential elements of the national belonging

“We will always support them, we will always be with them, we will always defend them. We will maintain a humanitarian approach. That will always be our policy,” she affirmed during the last presidential debate while discussing foreign policy and migration.

In her government plan, among the 100 steps for the promised transformation, Sheinbaum committed to “an unbreakable commitment of the Mexican state” to protect and defend the rights of compatriots abroad, seeking not only to recognize but to expand the rights and opportunities they currently have, “ensuring their protection and promoting their prosperity.”

ACCORDING TO THE DOCUMENT, THESE ARE THE AREAS THAT REQUIRE ATTENTION AND WILL BE WORKED ON DURING HER ADMINISTRATION:

her

1986 Leader of the University Student Council, which fought and won against the privatization of UNAM.

Expand existing programs such as Finabien, Infonavit sin Fronteras, and IMSS affiliation

Promote voting abroad to motivate the political participation of the Mexican community

Provide comprehensive support for returning Mexicans for full social and economic reintegration

Strengthen the bilateral relationship with the United States to improve immigration procedures

Improve the country’s infrastructure for nearshoring, especially in clean energy and water access

Expand job opportunities through more work visas and better conditions for employees

P Improve dissemination and expand coverage of the Finabien card. We commit to ensuring that more Mexicans have access to it and that those who have access can easily pay for services and taxes in Mexico from anywhere in the world.

P Social Security: Expand the IMSS affiliation program and extend coverage to include repatriation of bodies.

P Housing in Mexico: Facilitate housing acquisition for Mexicans abroad.

P Facilitate the exercise of the right to vote from abroad: Promote voting, conduct permanent credentialing campaigns, and simplify the electoral process by eliminating bureaucratic barriers and allowing in-person voting at all consulates.

P Guarantee the rights and well-being of returning Mexicans: Eliminate barriers to reintegration; ensure a return with specialized government support that facilitates full social and economic integration, as well as stimulate investment and community linkage, promote entrepreneurship and financial solidarity, and create a support ecosystem that benefits both Mexico and its diasporas.

P Improve consular services through decisive legislative reforms to empower representations with the authority to perform essential civil acts, setting a precedent in consular history. Seek the expansion of consular services. Also enhance legal protection and labor support, redefining the concept of assistance. Ensure that help is always within reach by increasing resources to deploy mobile consulates and extend hours.

A fundamental point for her administration will be strengthening the bilateral relationship with the United States, emphasizing the optimization of immigration procedures, improving asylum and repatriation processing, ensuring fair and humane processes, and expanding job opportunities: increasing the availability of work visas and establishing direct connections between employers and workers, promoting safe and orderly migration.

SHEINBAUM OF MEXICO

At the same time, Sheinbaum Pardo has said that the fundamental approach to addressing migration is to tackle the structural causes so that no one has to migrate out of necessity, “and that is why a proposal has been made to the United States to allocate 20 billion dollars, instead of spending it on weapons and wars, to development cooperation.”

Support to Central American countries will also continue to prevent migration.

The new president has also committed to creating more jobs, taking advantage of the nearshoring phenomenon.

“We are open to investment, but investment with well-being,” she said

2000 With AMLO as head of government, she becomes Secretary of the Environment of the Federal District.

2014 Founder of MORENA. Key organizer of the party and the movement that politically supports her.

2015 Takes office as head of Tlalpan delegation. In 2017, faces a crisis over the collapse of the Rébsamen school after the earthquake.

2018 Becomes the first woman elected as Head of Government of Mexico City, one of the largest in the world. 2024 Wins the presidency of the Republic, becoming the first female president in Mexico’s history.

8 GOVERNORSHIPS

1 HEAD OF GOVERNMENT

1,098 LOCAL DEPUTIES

1,802 MUNICIPAL PRESIDENCIES

WHAT POSITIONS WERE ELECTED?

FEDERAL LEVEL

1 PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC

1,975 SINDICATURAS (MUNICIPAL TRUSTEES)

500 FEDERAL DEPUTIES 128 SENATORSHIPS

LOCAL LEVEL

14,560 COUNCILORS

204 COUNCIL SEATS

299 COMMUNITY PRESIDENCIES

22 MUNICIPAL BOARD SINDICATURAS

88 MUNICIPAL BOARD COUNCIL SEATS

22 MUNICIPAL BOARD PRESIDENCIES

RESULTS OF THE VOTE IN THE MEXICAN ELECTORAL PROCESS ON JUNE 2

PRESIDENCY

n THE TRANSITION WILL BE BETWEEN PRESIDENT ANDRÉS MANUEL LÓPEZ OBRADOR OF THE NATIONAL REGENERATION MOVEMENT (MORENA) AND CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM FROM THE SAME POLITICAL PARTY.

ANDRÉS MANUEL LÓPEZ OBRADOR CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM MORENA-PT-PVEM % 59 BERTHA XÓCHITL GÁLVEZ RUIZ PAN-PRI-PRD % 28

2024 MEXICO

ELECTION RESULTS

% 10

Mexico decided to continue the political route it has been treading for the past six years. In a landslide victory, Claudia Sheinbaum came out the winner, and will lead the country starting October 1st.

BY: DANIEL BENET

n

CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES

OF

ACCORDING TO

n DURING THE LXV LEGISLATURE 2021-2024 HAS THE FOLLOWING CONFIGURATION:

CHAMBER OF SENATORS

n DURING THE LXV LEGISLATURE FOR THE PERIOD 2021-2024 IS COMPOSED AS FOLLOWS:

n NUMBER OF SENATORS ACCORDING TO

This past Sunday, June 2nd, an estimated 55 million Mexicans cast their votes on what is considered the biggest electoral process to date in Mexico. The outcome, while expected through polls carried out during the campaign, is still politically relevant. The country elected a woman president for the first time in its history. Claudia Sheinbaum will lead the executive branch of the federal government for the next six years. The next electoral process for the Mexican presidency will be in 2030.

Besides choosing their president, Mexicans all around the country voted to choose their representatives in congress. Five hundred deputies and one hundred twenty-eight senators were elected. The first will be in office for three years, while the latter will be in office for six years.

In 8 states and CDMX (what used to be the Federal District), citizens also cast their vote for governors and head of government. These positions are also held for six years, which means the next election process for these states will match the next presidential elections.

The information presented here is from the Preliminary Electoral Results Program (PREP in Spanish) and the quick count process. These graphics allow for a better understanding of the political landscape of Mexico for the coming years.

THE ESTIMATED VOTER TURNOUT WAS 60.11% FROM A NOMINAL LIST OF 98,397,004. 60.11%

WHAT IS THE PREP?

The PREP, Preliminary Electoral Results Program, is a system that publishes the data recorded by polling station officials on the tally sheets received at the Data Collection and Transmission Centers (CATD).

It is a mechanism provided for in the General Law of Electoral Institutions and Procedures to announce the preliminary results of the elections on the same night as Election Day.

It is important to emphasize that the PREP does not count votes; it captures and publishes the information recorded on the tally sheets by the citizens who serve as polling station officials. The results presented by the PREP are preliminary, have an informational nature, and are not definitive, so they have no legal effects.

WHAT IS A QUICK COUNT?

A quick count is a complementary system to deliver fast estimations of the elections results to citizens. It is a statistical inference taken from a sample of polling stations to determine the trends for each candidate or political party. This information is made public the night of the election day by the National Electoral Institute of Mexico (INE).

The district counts, which begin the Wednesday following Election Day, are the ones that determine the electoral results.

Vote from abroad

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A total of 197,203 votes were received from abroad: 135,331 were internet votes; postal votes added 39,634; and 22,238 were in-person votes at Mexican consulates.

POLITICAL MAP OF MEXICO AFTER THE JUNE 2, 2024 ELECTIONS

The political party MORENA holds on to the country's capital, while also overtaking the PAN and PRI alliance in the state of Yucatán. Guanajuato will have a government from the PAN-PRIPRD coallition; PAN has governed this state since 1991.

THE STATES OF CHIAPAS, MORELOS, PUEBLA, TABASCO, AND VERACRUZ WILL STILL BE LED BY GOVERNORS-ELECT FROM THE PARTY OF THEIR CURRENTLY GOVERNING PARTY (MORENA). THE STATE OF JALISCO WILL ALSO KEEP THE SAME PARTY IN POWER, MOVIMIENTO CIUDADANO.

BY: DANIEL BENET

ILUSTRATION: ALEJANDRO OYERVIDES

n DIEGO SINHUE RODRÍGUEZ VALLEJO (PAN) WILL LEAVE OFFICE, THE NEXT GOVERNOR WILL BE LIBIA DENISSE GARCÍA.

GOVERNORSHIPS,AND LOCAL CONGRESSES

GOVERNOR, LOCAL DEPUTIES, MUNICIPAL PRESIDENCIES OR MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

n JAVIER MAY (MORENA) WILL ASSUME THE GOVERNORSHIP IN PLACE OF CARLOS MANUEL MERINO CAMPOS, THE INTERIM GOVERNOR.

n MAURICIO VILA DOSAL (PAN) WILL CONCLUDE HIS TERM IN OFFICE. THE NEW GOVERNOR WILL BE JOAQUÍN DÍAZ MENA OF MORENA.

n MARTÍ BATRES GUADARRAMA WILL LEAVE THE POSITION OF HEAD OF GOVERNMENT OF MEXICO CITY. THE NEW HEAD OF GOVERNMENT OF CDMX WILL BE CLARA BRUGADA OF MORENA.

n ROCÍO NAHLE FROM THE PARTY MORENA WILL BECOME GOVERNOR, REPLACING CUITLÁHUAC GARCÍA JIMÉNEZ (MORENA).

n RUTILIO ESCANDÓN CADENA (MORENA) WILL HAND OVER THE BATON TO OSCAR RAMÍREZ AGUILAR.

Visual Artist

BETSABEÉ

May morning, Betsabée Romero, visual artist, in her workshop in Mexico City, a place of work and refuge for her creations. She returns from several weeks at the Venice Biennale and at New York City.

BY: ALEJANDRA ICELA MARTÍNEZ

PHOTO: ALEJANDRA I. MARTÍNEZ RODRÍGUEZ

WAs a woman, facing this not very feminist candidate, Trump, it is significant that a Mexican woman is remembering and dignifying the pre-Hispanic culture, as part of Mexican and Latin American culture."

BETSABÉE ROMERO VISUAL ARTIST

ith a professional career that began in communication, ur ban mobility, and continued with artistic creation, alongside university studies that led her to the School of Fine Arts in France. She acknowledges the privilege of having had a room of her own, as Virginia Woolf said, and of having people who support and believe in her. She believes that creation must be encouraged with curiosity from childhood, "never taking away from children the approach to nature, obviously literature, and any human expression: first, we must be great readers, then we will see if we have good handwriting."

AIMR: How did you come to the theme of mobility linked to the car?

BR: I returned to Mexico after studying art in France, and soon began working with the city, with the urban landscape. As an artist, the first biennale I participated in was the Tijuana-San Diego Biennale. And there, I asked myself: what would it mean to choose an object that would allow me to reach many audiences, that had many arguments for ques tioning reality, the border, migration, mobi lity: the car as that symbol of contradictions. As an artist, I realized that the commitment is to be or arrive, or make what one does reach the scene of the crime, the place where things happen. Today I am exhibiting in a public space, on a very busy avenue, not a migrant housing area, it is uptown, in New York, it is also a place where the culture that migrants carry can be dignified at the highest levels, that is why we chose Park Avenue for this exhibition, called "Footprints to Remember," with a pre-Hispanic theme.

few words

AIMR: What is the significance of tires?

BR: First, it was the entire car, and little by little, I started working with auto parts, like deconstructing the car, I made hoods. I

Critical discourse about issues such as migration, miscegenation and mobility.

Resignification of symbols and daily rituals of the global consumer culture: cars, urban signage.

She has had more than 100 individual exhibitions on 5 continents.

She has participated in numerous residencies and international exhibitions.

Del otro lado de la pista, 2017

Plastic Artist, feminist, mexican woman, mother.

ROMERO

The more artistic and communication ties between the populations on both sides, the greater resistance to racist and segregationist movements."

made them like ex-votos that were made in churches to pray to be saved from an accident, like this thing of remembering the fragility one has when circulating, on any road. And I got to the tires, they have this situation that they are industrially engraved, and due to braking, they get worn out, it seemed like an interesting metaphor to me, and re-engraving them, but not industrially, but manually, to engrave the footprint of what has been erased by all that modernity, and Western culture, and remember the footprint of these cultures that have been left behind, that have been stepped on, that have been denied. That are the root and origin of all these migrants who are in the United States, and today close to the elections, are subjects of much denigration, and racism towards them.

AIMR: And you made it to the Venice Biennale. BR: Two of my collectors proposed to a Los Angeles museum to do a project with me. The curator of that museum, the first time for that museum, says: "I'll go with her." Then she talks to me and says: "we are going to enter that competition." And I didn't know, until we entered the competition, that there were more than a thousand international projects. We started doing the project, without knowing what the guiding concept of the Biennale would be, when we found out that the curator was the first Latin American, it turned out that the theme was "Foreigners Everywhere," so imagine, I was a foreigner, from a museum where I was a foreigner, the curator is Argentine, the director Puerto Rican, the three of us are women, everything fit well.

AIMR: How did they receive you in Venice? BR: It was very moving, migrant families from countries like Poland, Russians who are emigrants, came to the exhibition and told me their story and their own stories. If there is something that has to do with everyone, and that is what I want. Of course, I start from the depths of my roots. Paz used to say: "the deeper you go within, the more universal what you say can be." The audience filled the exhibition, it was packed. They were many people of many nationalities, the Italian press gave it a lot of coverage. There are more than 474 exhibitions at the same time, in the Giardino, in the Arsenal, all over Venice.

Cargadores del tiempo, 2013

Cazadores de

Reflejos de la pandemia, 2022

Ojo de la serpiente,

BETSABÉE ROMERO VISUAL ARTIST

Mexico: making history while looking ahead Gabriel Guerra Castellanos

@GABRIELGUERRAC PRESIDENTE DE GUERRA

YESTERDAY, MEXICO HAS ELECTED A NEW PRESIDENT. CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM WON IN A LANDSLIDE, WITH COMFORTABLE MAJORITIES IN BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS, AND WE ARE ABOUT TO BE THE FIRST COUNTRY IN NORTH AMERICA TO HAVE A WOMAN HEADING THE GOVERNMENT. THAT, ALONE, IS CAUSE FOR CELEBRATION. WHETHER OR NOT SHE IS THE CANDIDATE WE VOTED FOR IS NOW MOOT, ALMOST IRRELEVANT: NOW COMES THE TIME TO FORGET ABOUT PARTY POLITICS AND LOOK AT THE NATIONAL INTEREST FOR A CHANGE, AND A WELCOME CHANGE THAT WILL BE AFTER ONE OF THE LONGEST, DIRTIEST AND MOST VIOLENT CAMPAIGNS IN RECENT TIMES.

The incoming president will certainly have her hands full: as much as she will be tasked with major and fundamental issues in governing our, she will also have to look beyond our borders. There is an increasingly complex international scenario and Mexico can no longer afford to simply look away. President López Obrador’s administration declared early on that the best foreign policy was domestic, and as simplistically attractive and crowd-pleasing as it sounds, it just does not jive with reality in these modern times where interdependence is more and more the norm rather than the exception. It is no longer enough to deal with cross-border matters and pretend that takes the place of a comprehensive foreign policy, or even just a bilateral one. Sure, López Obrador had a great advantage in that migration gave him enormous leverage with both the Trump and Biden administrations, notwithstanding Trump’s threats to impose tariffs if Mexico did not clamp down on the migratory surge from Central and South America and the Caribbean. The Mexican government

came through and gave Trump the basics and the optics in order to save face, and position itself to better withstand those pressures. With Biden, as things stand today it is safe to say that the AMLO administration has been able to get away with a lot in exchange for controlling migratory pressures and, in effect, create a barrier between its southern border and the Rio Bravo, as we like to call the Rio Grande. Maybe that is why the river is so unkind to us.

But I digress. The incoming Mexican president will be faced, not only with the terribly complex international scenario, but with the prospect of a second term Trump administration, which would come not only with the hyperbole and aggressive rhetoric that we became accustomed to, but also with the fact that Donald Trump 2.0 would be focused on retribution more than on any specific set of policies, and that his always tense and difficult relationship with Mexico would be compounded by the fact that the man with whom he forged a good working relationship, that we might even call a friendship, Andrés Manuel López Obrador will no longer be in power. It is no secret that Mr. Trump is not particularly fond of working with women, so that will place an additional burden on the Mexican side as it attempts to develop a strategy in order to survive this challenging set of circumstances. If, on the other hand, Joe Biden were to be reelected, we could anticipate a slightly more ideological and protectionist view from the White House, although tempered by the fact that there would be several political coincidences with the incoming Mexican government. Add to that the advantage of gender in that vice president Harris would probably feel greater empathy or connection with Ms Sheinbaum, and also the hard tough reality of migration, which is not going anywhere soon and which will continue to hound the relationship between both countries and the complexities of what is already one of the most difficult borders in the world.

in 2026. When I say USMCA or TMEC (as we know it in Spanish) will be challenged, I don’t just mean the review process, but also the fact that numerous controversies that have been less than satisfactorily resolved will probably come again to the fore, particularly if there is a Trump administration or a Republican majority in the House. It would be foolhardy to ignore the risks that the new American right poses for free trade and for a joint North American region, particularly when it comes to Mexico.

We are about to be the first country in North America to have a woman heading the government

Beyond migration and free trade we must bear in mind the whole issue of border security, which includes of course, drug trafficking, people smuggling, the stream of illegal guns and money that flow unimpeded southwards, the environmental concerns along the border and beyond. The above are all topics that are going to be not only on the table, but with red flashing lights pointing towards them, as the US Mexico relationship is one of the most complex in the world. Yes, that’s obvious and self evident, but if you add the fact that you are dealing with a border between a highly developed nation and rapidly developing one which still have major gulfs between them in terms of economic indicators, but also in terms of views of the world, and you look at one country leaning strongly towards the right and the other leaning left or center-left, you will have a clash of ideas and concepts of the future. It’s bad enough that the day-to-day in the bilateral relationship is so difficult, but if you add to it fundamental differences of how each country perceives itself and its neighbor, then you have all the elements necessary for a very messy time ahead.

nments in the region, a few of which are not exactly what polite society would call acceptable, but even so it is fair to remember that Mexico began distancing from many of its key relationships in Latin America in previous administrations. Whether the rift with Cuba or that infamous statement by a former Mexican foreign minister during a hearing in the Senate who declared that Latin America was a waste of time, or the policy differences and the natural competition with the other major players in the region have made Mexico’s role more marginal and less exemplary than one would have hoped.

But as I mentioned before, it is not just migration that needs to be on our mind when it comes to the bilateral relationship between Mexico and the US, and also when it comes to the North American relationship that includes of course Canada in the continental trade deal that has done so much for the region and that will be challenged when it comes up for review

It would be foolhardy to ignore the risks that the new American right poses for free trade and for the región

It’s not only with the US, Canada or the North American region that Mexico must develop a comprehensive strategy looking ahead, but also with its shall we call it natural zone of influence, which is Latin America and the Caribbean. Even though the unforgiving laws of economics have made Mexico an integral part of North America, its heart and roots and many of its interests lie south and east of its borders. Mexico is a regional power and has underexercised its influence and moral standing for many years now. Yes, president López Obrador has antagonized many other gover-

Claudia Sheinbaum’s government will have its work cut out in terms of rebuilding bridges, treating countries in the region not just with respect in terms of the fundamentals of the relationship, but also of the rhetoric, and will have to deal with the new emerging political realities in say, for example, Argentina, or the chronic political and institutional weaknesses in Ecuador or Peru, as well as the contradiction in establishing not just friendly but warm relationships with autocratic and dictatorial regime such as those in Venezuela, Nicaragua and Cuba. There must be a way to reconcile full commitment to democracy and liberal values without losing the ablity to serve as a point of contact and dialogue with governments of all kinds in the region. And then of course, last but not least, is the open diplomatic conflict with Ecuador after it chose to flagrantly violate international law in invading the Mexican embassy in Quito We mustn’t forget Asia, Europe, Africa, and the conflict in the Middle East. The first two are crucial trading partners looking to the future, especially if Mexico wants to continue on its traditional policy of reducing or limiting its dependence with the US. Additionally, one should consider that the new geopolitical realities make it necessary to deal both with Europe in terms of the EU, eastern Europe, particularly Russia and its remaining allies, with China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, all of which have different goals and different strategies for getting there. It’s one thing to take advantage of nearshoring, but another totally different (and inadequate) to limit Mexico’s exchanges with the world to our immediate region, and to our so close and yet so distant neighbor.

A full plate, then, for our incoming Madame President.