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SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry ​find our patterns with logic so we can have end or or in between our patterns so that can give us more power to have better pattern matching because we can have multiple conditions that apply to the same signature so in comparison to the PID here is the comparison just between the identification parts between the Titan missed and the PID of course this only relates to the user database because PID is a program it has its own internal database which has its own rules so it's far more complex than the user database a user can actually extend so we are just comparing the databases so for the Titan missed you can have complex patterns and for the epad you can only have the simple ones which are just wild cards and bit masking for the PID you have only single direction patterns and for the title missed as we saw we can go either direction we can full of calls or do anything now for the EPI be you only have one starting point that's the original entry point and we can follow and we can search for our patterns anywhere in the file but we said that's not good enough because files can be big in size and we don't want to waste our time scanning the entire file that's why we added more starting points for a signatures so we can either seek or match patterns with the Titan missed we have variable bite patterns we can skip some bites we have optional patterns we can follow the code flow and we have signature priority so that's the difference between our project and what's publicly available now so of course that was the identification part item is also has embedded in packers & packers ended in there so the Titan missed and Packers are automated that means no user interference whatsoever so you don't have to click around follow just input some fields or whatever the am packers are automatic so they can be written into any kind of language so they can be written in C C++ Microsoft assembler Delphi lua python and Titan script so this only refers to the am factors that are written based on the Titan engine because you can plug in any kind of vampire to this kind of project you can rate rig right the impactor in any kind or programming language or any kind of framework but since we created the Titan engine we based our project on top of that now the Titan script the Titan script is our version of folly script now all the script is a very popular tool between with reverse engineers we know about 800 different scripts that do I'm packing for different kind of formats have some duplications of course but there's obviously a good user base for that and that's why we added the support for that as well now the difference between the Titan script and the olive script is that the Titan script runs inside the Titan engine so it's based on our automated unpacking tools and it also enables you to use all of the Titan engine features directly from the script language so you can use specific you can easily write and Packers with the Titan script if you know the Titan engine or if you don't you can use the all the script instructions and we're going to see how you can convert one of those packers easily from the college trip to tighten script now now here is how that mist and Packers look like you have 90 ones which can be both static and dynamic in nature it depends on the unpacker itself you can have the script attackers that's Python Lua and tighten script and pipe Python and lua and they can be both static and dynamic it depends on your coding style and for the title script there there are only dynamic am packers because all this trip was created to be assistance during manual analysis of the file so once you load the file in alley and you start the whole script and it will get you to the entry point that's why with the Titan scrip you can only write dynamic hamburgers now currently there's no Gail support but with the next release there will be one so how you create an Packers I can create both static and dynamic am packers as I said but the process of creating them has the same steps of as the manual analysis which is debugging the file till the entry point dumping that memory to disk collecting all the data you need for import and relocation relocation reconstruction and then you apply custom fixes for the old all of the protection options that are available today such as cold slices and two point of Fisk Asians stolen and two points and whatever the protection options are available inside the format you are unpacking so the static and packin also has the same steps you always must decrypt or decompress the memory content and then reconstruct the import table and the original entry point now that's all up to an packers whoever writes the am packers have to deal with all all of this but there are some shortcuts we're going to talk about that so if you are familiar with this slide is because this slide is from the last year citing engine and this describes how you write and Packers dynamic and Packers with the Titan engine so what you do is you read the data from the file and then you initialize the debugging process setting some break points which collect all the data about import fixing relocation fixing and at the end entry point as the final break point which finalizes the unpacking process so for import data gathering here would place a break point on the pieces of code inside the Packer which calls load library to load a new dynamic link libraries needed by the pact file so once you are there you collect the data and that's just the string the name of dynamic link
library which is being loaded that information is passed pastor the Titan engine it's important module which uses that to reconstruct the import table later so the same goes for the getprocaddress which is the function inside windows with which finds the functions inside the loaded libraries so that's in that information as well is passed the Titan engine which at the entry point at the final point of am packing a file reconstructs everything by using that data you collect it same goes for locations now there's a shortcut because the locations can be tricky to fix we created a shortcut which is just creating two snapshots one before the actual relocations occur and one dress just after relocation occurs so once we compared to snapshot we get the valid relocation table and that's an easy way to fix dynamic link libraries which one happen they have a valid a relocation table they can be loaded on different image basis and that means that they're valid files for later on analysis so at the entry point this is the final step we have to dump the process to this can of course we can use use an option to recover the damaged p heather if you like that goes before the process dumping and after that we just add a couple of sections one for the imported juice table and 140 area locations after which the file has val is valid on the disk but we still need to realign it which makes it as compact as possible and make sure that all the sections are in the right place so once we finish that we just stop the debugging process because we are done so that's the whole philosophy and it's pretty easy steps into unpacking anything with the Titan engine now as we said you can create native and packers and I just talked about how you can use title engine to do this but you can also create script and backers as well and to create script and Packers you can use Titan script now tighten script as we said is our version of folly dbg script so it has the same syntax but it also enables you to use the existing Titan engine functions now now all these scripts that are existing in the wild as I said there are 700 different or 800 different scripts we know about you can easily reuse them but you can either Rico them or add some instructions to them to make them a valid automated unpacker because all these scripts are not full blown on backers that will only fix the file and get you to the entry point at that particular time you have to dump the memory yourself and fix fix the import table with additional tools now the Titan script enables you to create automated n packers so those scripts are full blown and backers now as I said we can either recode all these scripts to match the Titan engine layout or we can add a couple of instructions now first instruction we can add and this is really easy it's called dumpin fix so it does what it says once you're at the entry point with your script you just dump and fix the file to disk and that's all you do and if there are some errors during am packing because this is an automated tool and it needs to know if your actual unpacking has succeeded or not you can set just say okay error this Sam backer didn't work so here is an example of the script the left one is all the script and the right one is Titan script and there's just one instruction we added and this script is a new PX example so what this script does in way too many lines of code is it finds the paw pad at the end of the upx stop place is a hardware breakpoint there once it breaks it clears it and then steps over at and it's at the entry point now the Titan script that would do the same thing is exactly the same as this one so since we are converting all the scripted Titan script we just need to add one instruction so once we all read the entry point just before return the end of the script just say dumpin fix and that particular script will be executed till that point and once you're at the entry point everything will everything from memory will be dumped two disc and fixed by the Titan engine that missed so since all of the am packing we do is either statical or dynamic but we want to rely on dynamic am packing more because it's a more resilient form of am packing that yields couple of problems that yields a problem of damaged and broken files that cannot be unpacked because they cannot be started in Windows we're going to show that a bit later so we also have problems with files that have missing dependencies which cannot be unpacked so if you have a file which is loading a file which dynamic link library which isn't on your system if you are to unpack that file dynamically you cannot do that because windows cannot find it and there's a problem with tips some Packers which are not data execution protection compatible so those cannot be unpacked as well that goes for the Packers that store their code inside the portable executable headers so that's FSG and there are more examples of this but there are some good news there's solution to all of these problems we can repair the damaged files and we can simulate the missing dependencies so the system thinks that the files are there so it only gets us through the backing layer and that's all we are interested in once we see the code we can analyze it further and if PR into Melbourne analysis you can determine if the file is malicious or not and we can just work around data execution prevention or disable it totally now with the Titan engine if you follow a blog we did some series of blogs that describe how we created this plugin which counters all of these problems of dynamic and allow that dynamical analysis or dynamic am packing so what we included this inside the tight on this project so if you come across a file which is damaged or broken you can just use this plug-in automatically to unpack the files which either ways cannot be unpacked now the Nexus plugin fixes broken files because validation is a crucial point for any kind of am packing especially dynamic am packing so before any dynamic am packing is performed you really want to do a validation and validation will tell you if the files are broken and if they they are broken if they can be fixed now as I said Nexus plugin is included with the title mist and all of this validation
and repair is done automatically now the Nexus also solves the problem missing the dependencies now some files low dynamic link libraries through the import table so those files cannot be started at all while others can load load dynamic link libraries on the run time and some of them can actually get through the packing layer automatically so effigy for example if it doesn't find the dynamic link library could just continue running and that's bad because the program's can crash if they're packed with that kind of packer others are better at this and when they don't find library they just exit so to counter this we can fake the presence of dynamic link libraries post statically on disk just by creating the file so they are physically there and they have all the important exports that are needed by the application or we can just hook some functions inside the pack process and return fake values to to tell the packer that the necessary dynamic link library and the functions are actually there so we can do either of those but to the Nexus does both of those because there are different models for different Packers and we want to support everything now that brings us to our demo now we're going to show the demo and show how the Titan miss Titan miss tightness works we gave our sacrifice the demo goats so I'm hoping they're not going to abandon us now so we have some samples there I have one file which is broken we have files the data pack with different kind of Packers which we have Alex protector we have a spec we have exe far we have te la if you're decrypter who have unpack upx and have some other settings with the upx as well so this file for example and I just talked about the nexus plug in this file for example doesn't load because it it has missing and I make link libraries and we can just see that if we place a breakpoint at the load library call and just see how it works so the first one kernel is found and then we just scroll till we found the one which is missing so that's going to be 0 and it ends so we can unpack that file with the help of the Nexus plugin so this is the title missed it's a console application that you can call certain parameters first one is the input parameter which tells it which file you want to analyze The King's College (New York).
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