Diplomacy&Commerce Montenegro - No. 10 - May-June 2025 by Diplomacy&Commerce magazine

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Robert Čoban Žikica Milošević

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our flag in every town is where someone is happy to see you," sang the famous Đorđe Balašević, whose songs –especially "Živeti slobodno" ("To Live Freely") – are once again major hits in Serbia. I thought about his lyrics recently when I was in Novi Pazar for an iftar dinner at the home of my friend Salahudin Fetić, the director of the local Sandžak TV. After dinner, we went for coffee with the Novi Pazar Mufti, Professor Dr. Mevlud Dudić, whose interview you will have the opportunity to read in the next issue of this magazine. Mufti Dudić, a great intellectual and world traveler, told me about his stays in Libya during the rule of Muammar Gaddafi, his visits to the Bosniak diaspora in New York, and the relations between Serbs and Bosniaks in Sandžak and Bosnia...

Mufti Dudić told me that he had to cancel the traditional Iftar dinner for ambassadors because, due to the situation in the country, most of them were instructed not to leave Belgrade.

Two days later, I was in Sombor, where I gave a lecture at the Museum of the Danube Swabians on the topic of media perception of the fate of Vojvodina Germans in Serbian and Yugoslav press. The first articles in the SFRY press about the fate of the Danube Germans were written by me in the student magazine “Index“ and by Tomislav Marčinko in “Nedjeljna Dalmacija“ in 1990. In the mid1990s, the Belgrade journalist and writer Nenad Novak Stefanović also wrote about this topic. Today, 35 years after the first article on the camps in Bački Jarak, Gakovo, Knićanin, and other places, this topic remains largely unknown to most of the local public. In my series “Cycling through Vojvodina,“ I visited many places in Vojvodina

where Germans once lived—abandoned or partially ruined churches, cemeteries overgrown with bushes. In rare places like Bački Jarak, Gakovo, and Bački Gračac, there are monuments and memorials of more recent dates that bear witness to what happened there during the period 1945–1948.

The new Israeli ambassador to Serbia asked me last week over lunch at the Writers’ Club where my great love for the Jewish people and their cultural heritage in Serbia comes from, and whether I have Jewish blood. I answered that I do not, and that I like to engage with issues concerning communities that have suffered injustices or have almost disappeared from these lands, such as the Jews, Germans, or White Russians.

Next week, I was at the Montenegro Luxury Summit in Montenegro, and after that, at the Women’s CEO Summit, I chaired a panel titled “Women’s Voice in Diplomacy.” Then in April, it’s Montenegro again and the ESG Adria Summit, followed by Rovinj – Weekend

Food Festival. And in all these cities, my flag flies because in each of them I have at least one person “who is happy to see me there.”

In these turbulent times we have been living through in Serbia over the past five months, it is important to continue talking, opening up even difficult topics, communicating, traveling, and cooperating. We are fortunate that in the region of the former Yugoslavia, to which we belong, just 45 minutes by plane, we have everything one could wish for: the sea, mountains, Baroque, the Orient, štrukle at the "Esplanade," and pies and ćevapi at Baščaršija; rivers and lakes, jungles and deserts, nature and cultural heritage...

I believe our mission is to introduce all of this to our foreign friends who live and work in Belgrade and other regional capitals where we publish the magazine “Diplomacy & Commerce.“

Robert Čoban

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H.E. Mr. Dimitrios Gioldassis, Ambassador of the Hellenic Republic to Montenegro

Greece and Montenegro A Partnership Rooted In History, Aimed At The Future

In an interview with Diplomacy and Commerce Montenegro magazine, H.E. Mr. Dimitrios Gioldassis, Ambassador of the Hellenic Republic to Montenegro, discusses key aspects of the bilateral cooperation between the two countries. From economic exchange and investment opportunities, to shared geopolitical goals within NATO and the EU, as well as deep-rooted cultural and historical ties – Ambassador Gioldassis offers a comprehensive overview of Greek-Montenegrin relations. The conversation also highlights the legacy of Vaso Brajović and reflects on the challenges of modern diplomacy

through the philosophical lens of Heraclitus’s concept of Panta rei.

Your Excellency, Mr. Gioldassis, how do you assess the current level of economic cooperation between Greece and Montenegro? Do you see potential for a greater presence of Greek investments in Montenegro, and in which sectors?

The current level of economic cooperation between Greece and Montenegro is in a growth phase, holds, however, significant potential for expansion. Both countries have maintained friendly bilateral relations and share common interests as part of the

broader Southeast European and Mediterranean region. I believe that there is a solid foundation to build upon, especially considering Greece being an EU member state and Montenegro’s EU accession ambitions, shared regional infrastructure and tourism interests and Greece's experience in sectors where Montenegro is seeking development. The overall trade volume between Greece and Montenegro could be further enhanced. Key Greek exports to Montenegro include, among others, fuel, food products, pharmaceuticals, construction materials etc. In my opinion, there is definitely

potential for a greater presence of Greek investments in Montenegro.

I would like to highlight, among others, a few possible areas of cooperation such as:

Renewable Energy, since Montenegro has rich hydropower and solar potential, and Greece has developed expertise in renewable energy technologies.

Real Estate and Construction i.e. development of residential complexes, commercial spaces or– resorts.

Agriculture and Food Processing, because both countries share a similar Mediterranean climate and agricultural tradition. Greek

H.E. MR. DIMITRIOS GIOLDASSIS Ambassador of the Hellenic Republic to Montenegro

GREECE IS A STRONG PROPONENT OF EU ENLARGEMENT IN THE WESTERN BALKANS. OUR FIRM POSITION IS THAT THE EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE OF THE WESTERN BALKANS WILL STRENGTHEN REGIONAL SECURITY AND STABILITY. SINCE 2003 AND THESSALONIKI SUMMIT, GREECE HAS BEEN PLAYING AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THIS DIRECTION AND WILL CONTINUE TO DO SO.

expertise in food branding (e.g., olive oil, wine, dairy) could be valuable in joint ventures in organic farming, wine production, or agro-tourism.

Last but not least, Maritime and Shipping Services, as Greece is a global leader in the shipping industry and Montenegro is developing its port infrastructure, which provides opportunities in investments e.g. in port logistics, ferry services, or marina management.

As a NATO and EU member, how does Greece perceive Montenegro's role in maintaining the stability of the Western Balkans? Also, in your opinion, what are the key obstacles to regional stability, and how can they best be overcome? Greece, as one of countries that joined NATO and EU at an earlier stage, views Montenegro as a constructive and stabilizing factor in the Western Balkans. Our country consistently supports Montenegro’s Euro-Atlantic integration, as well as broader regional cooperation, seeing it as essential to long-term peace and prosperity in Southeast Europe. Montenegro’s accession to NATO in 2017 was welcomed by Greece as a step that strengthens collective security in the Adriatic and Balkans. We see Montenegro’s NATO membership as a deterrent against regional instability and external influence.

As well known, Greece is a strong proponent of EU enlargement in the Western Balkans. Our firm position is that the European Perspective of the Western Balkans will strengthen regional security and stability. Since 2003 and Thessaloniki Summit, Greece has been playing an important role in this direction and will continue to do so. We fully support Montenegro’s EU path, indeed as a “front runner” candidate. Furthermore, Greece views Montenegro’s alignment with EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy as a model for other countries in the region.

Answering to the second part of your question, I think that, despite progress achieved, Western Balkans still face multiple interlocking challenges such as ethnic tensions, weak rule of law, politicized judiciary, and corruption. Slow reform implementation and foreign influence could also be considered as a problem. To overcome these obstacles, the EU should reinvigorate the enlargement process, promoting cross-border economic projects and infrastructure investment. EU investment frameworks like the Growth Plan for the Western Balkans can help, inter alia, to more people-to-people initiatives. In my view, Montenegro represents a symbol of the region’s potential – if reforms are sustained and cooperation deepened.

Montenegro has long been considered a leader in European integration in the Western Balkans, with EU membership remaining its most important strategic goal. Brussels has provided encouragement by suggesting that Montenegro could become the 28th full-fledged EU member by 2028. Considering Greece’s experience in the accession process, how do you assess Montenegro's progress toward the EU so far, and do you believe it is realistic for the country to achieve full membership within this timeframe? Montenegro’s journey toward European Union membership has indeed been a noteworthy example among the Western Balkan states. Since opening accession negotiations in 2012, Montenegro has made steady progress, positioning itself as a frontrunner in the region. It has opened all 33 negotiating chapters and provisionally closed a total of six (three last December) – a sign of its institutional commitment and political will to meet the EU acquis requirements. However, while the momentum has been encouraging, the path ahead remains complex and politically sensitive.

Drawing on Greece’s own experience, I could say that Montenegro faces many familiar challenges. Greece's accession followed after a period of intense reforms and democratization, and despite differing historical and political contexts, Montenegro also needs to demonstrate sustained commitment to rule of law, judicial independence and fighting corruption. These are not just bureaucratic milestones but deep reforms that affect the structure and fabric of the state. That said, Montenegro has certain advantages. Its relatively small size and population make it more manageable in terms of alignment with EU norms, and there has been broad political consensus on the European orientation of the country. This has earned it consistent praise from Brussels. We could argue that Montenegro is well-positioned but still faces significant internal challenges. The 2028 goal is realistic only if reforms accelerate and political stability is maintained. Drawing from Greece’s accession, the lesson is clear: political commitment

and institutional reforms are the pillars of successful integration. In conclusion, if Montenegro maintains its reform momentum, political stability, and aligns consistently with EU values, 2028 could be a realistic target.

Greece was among the first countries to recognize Montenegro’s independence. How do you assess our cultural and historical ties today? Greece and Montenegro share deep-rooted cultural and historical ties that are grounded in the broader context of Balkan history, shared Orthodox Christian heritage, and longstanding people-to-people connections. Greece’s early recognition of Montenegro’s independence in 2006 was not only a diplomatic gesture but also a reflection of historical goodwill and mutual respect between the two nations. Historically, both countries have navigated similar challenges –from Ottoman rule to the complexities of modern nation-building – and this common past fosters a unique sense of understanding.

I believe that culturally, the relationship is one of mutual admiration. Greek culture, from philosophy and literature to contemporary music and cinema, enjoys respect in Montenegro, while Montenegrin traditions, with a strong sense of national pride, poetry, and epic storytelling, resonate well with Greek cultural values. This mutual cultural appreciation is often reflected in academic exchanges, tourism, and cooperation in the arts.

In more recent years, Greece has consistently supported Montenegro’s European aspirations, offering both technical expertise and political backing. This support is not just strategic but stems from a genuine belief in Montenegro’s European future and the stability of the Western Balkans, as a region intrinsically linked to Europe's cohesion.

On the people-to-people level, tourism and economic cooperation have fostered closer connections. Many Montenegrins visit Greece for leisure or study, and Greek businesses are increasingly exploring opportunities in Montenegro, particularly in sectors like tourism, energy, and infrastructure.

In conclusion, the ties between Greece and Montenegro today are characterized by mutual respect, cultural kinship, and a shared vision for a stable, European-oriented Balkans. These ties continue to grow not only through official diplomatic channels but also through the everyday exchanges of citizens, artists, students, and entrepreneurs – laying the foundation for an enduring partnership in the years to come.

Vaso Brajović is a significant figure in Greek-Montenegrin relations. Do you believe his legacy is sufficiently recognized in Montenegro, and are there any initiatives to promote his contributions more widely through cultural and educational projects?

Vaso Brajović, known in Greece as Vasos Mavrovouniotis, was a Montenegrin-born general who played a significant role in the Greek War of Independence. His contributions have been acknowledged in both Greece and Montenegro, reflecting the enduring ties between the two nations.

In Montenegro, Brajović's legacy has been honored through various initiatives.

I BELIEVE THAT CULTURALLY, THE RELATIONSHIP IS ONE OF MUTUAL ADMIRATION. GREEK CULTURE, FROM PHILOSOPHY AND LITERATURE TO CONTEMPORARY MUSIC AND CINEMA, ENJOYS RESPECT IN MONTENEGRO, WHILE MONTENEGRIN TRADITIONS, WITH A STRONG SENSE OF NATIONAL PRIDE, POETRY, AND EPIC STORYTELLING, RESONATE WELL WITH GREEK CULTURAL VALUES.

Notably, on March 26, 2025, President Mr. Jakov Milatović honored us by laying a wreath at his monument in Podgorica to commemorate Greek Independence Day, together with the mayors of Podgorica and Danilovgrad.

President Milatović highlighted Brajović's "immeasurable contribution to the freedom of the Greek people" and emphasized that “his heroism embodies values deeply rooted in the histories of both countries”.

The Deputy Prime Minister, Mr. Filip Ivanović, during his visit in Athens in 2024, used the opportunity to laid wreath in the tomb of Vasos Mavrovouniotis, emphasizing that “Vaso Brajović was a very prominent military figure of the 19th century in Greece, who was of Montenegrin origin, so it is just one of the very important historical figures that tie our two countries and our two peoples”. The aforementioned ceremonial acts are examples of official rec-

ognition, however I believe that there is room for more extensive initiatives, such as educational programs, exhibitions, or collaborative research projects, to further illuminate his impact and strengthen the cultural bonds between Montenegro and Greece.

Greece is the cradle of philosophy, education, and the art of thought. Are we yet again witnessing Heraclitus’s idea of Panta rei in modern diplomacy, and what can we draw from it in the changing landscape of geopolitics and international economy?

Indeed, Greece, as the cradle of philosophy, offers timeless insights into the ever-evolving dynamics of our world – and few are more fitting for today’s geopolitical landscape than Heraclitus’s concept of Panta rei, “everything flows”.

In the realm of modern diplomacy and international economics,

we are undeniably witnessing a vivid expression of this idea. The world is in constant motion –alliances shift, global power balances recalibrate, economies are transformed by technology and crises, and new actors emerge on the international stage. The invasion of Ukraine, rising tensions in the Indo-Pacific, climate-related challenges, and the digitalization of finance all underscore how fluid and interconnected our geopolitical and economic environments have become.

Heraclitus teaches us that change is not only inevitable – it is foundational to existence. This philosophical lens can enrich how we interpret diplomacy today. No alliance, rivalry, or strategic framework is permanent. States must adapt to survive and thrive. Diplomatic agility, much like the philosophical embrace of impermanence, is becoming an essential virtue.

Panta rei also challenges us to view crises not only as threats but as opportunities for transformation. In economics, the emergence of green and digital transitions, reshoring of supply chains, and new energy policies illustrate how fluid global markets are – but also how resilience can be built by those who read the currents rather than resist them.

Today Life In Montenegro Is Gaining In Importance

Although he formally withdrew from the political scene, Milo Đukanović remains one of the most influential political actors in contemporary Montenegrin history. His role in the country’s most pivotal phases of state development—from preserving peace and multiethnic harmony in the 1990s, through the restoration of independence, up to Montenegro’s accession to NATO—is deeply embedded in the nation’s political and social transformation. In this exclusive interview for “Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro,” the former President of Montenegro speaks candidly about his life after politics, the calibre of today’s leaders, current geopolitical challenges, and the need for values-based politics in an age of populism and global instability. As an interlocutor unafraid of self-reflection or criticism, Đukanović offers a layered

analysis of the past, present, and future—both of Montenegro and the broader international context.

Mr. Đukanović, what does your life look like after withdrawing from the political scene? How do you spend your time?

First of all, I must say I’m living comfortably. For thirty-four years I’ve had a very intense energy expenditure, thanks to the complex roles I performed—in truth, I was in a continuous storm. During that time, so much happened—enough for a lifetime—and unfortunately, quite a bit was unpleasant and ugly. So, the strain was indeed very intense, and today I enjoy the fact that, after such a long period, I can manage my own free time and organize my life the way I want. Politics remains my preoccupation. I suppose it’s natural— after spending thirty-four years in politics—not to forget imme-

diately your previous vocation. Moreover, at my stage in life, it’s not easy to decide to start down an entirely different path. So, as my interest in politics endures, I still devote part of each day to it: meeting with various interlocutors or simply reading interesting texts and organizing the archive from my active political years. Next, it’s extremely important to me that I now have much more time for family and friends—especially my three grandsons. They enrich me in contrast to the rather harsh rationality I had to adapt to in politics. This is now, I’d say, a beautiful counterpoint. Finally, there is a lot of travel—often inspired by invitations from various quarters where people gather to discuss the geopolitical changes we’re witnessing. Certainly, I also do a fair amount of personal travel. So, this new phase of my life is divided into these three segments. Again, I

repeat that spending time with the youngest family members makes me especially happy and content.

It’s well known that you’ve always had a special passion for basketball. Does basketball still play a role in your daily life? Do you still play? I played basketball for a very long time. In fact, I continued with the sport even after ending my professional career, and I did so with a fantastic group of physically fit recreational players. For about thirty years—practically every day—we played solid, serious basketball, including two-hoop games. We regularly took part in European and World Veterans Championships, where we won gold medals. However, that came to an end during the coronavirus pandemic. Longer restrictions on gatherings followed, which coincided with the age-related limitations affecting a significant number of us.

Many younger players—those finishing their professional careers— also joined us. Most were from basketball club KK “Budućnost“ and other top-tier teams. But there were also players older than me. Since during the pandemic we could not gather for a long time, that effectively marked the end of my more active involvement in basketball. Instead, I continued with individual training. I even improvised a small gym in my apartment. Now, if not every day, then every other day, I start my day by going through a workout routine that lasts an hour to an hour and a half. After that, I go to my workspace.

How do you view the quality of contemporary politics and politicians? Has politics lost the seriousness and sense it once had? The quality of politics as a profession has been in free fall for years. Politics used to be a privilege reserved for the chosen few—in the best sense of the word. That is, for those people who are capable, through their intellectual and energetic potential, of solving the social problems on which the quality of life for us and our children depends. That is why we go to the polls: to give our trust to such people, because we believe more in their ability to meet our needs in education, healthcare, culture, sports, and all other fields than in their competitors. Unfortunately, today politics has, in many cases, become a refuge for those who do not know what else to do. Since politics is a profession constantly under public scrutiny, you often see there people who are unsuccessful lawyers, doctors, businessmen, or scientists, who find it attractive to strengthen their failed careers with the publicity that politics as a profession brings. Therefore, it is no surprise why politics is poor in quality and why it is incapable of solving the serious problems that individuals and the world face today. That is why I say the world today has many more great problems than great statesmen. Dignity and importance must be restored to politics, as it once had, so it can again become a challenge for people who have something valuable to offer. By contributing to politics, they also provide solutions to the problems that burden us. I see a large part of the explanation for the most difficult problems—from geopolitical to existential ones—in the poor quality of today’s politics. For example, the political and se-

POLITICS USED TO BE A PRIVILEGE RESERVED FOR THE CHOSEN FEW—IN THE BEST SENSE OF THE WORD. THAT IS, FOR THOSE PEOPLE WHO ARE CAPABLE, THROUGH THEIR INTELLECTUAL AND ENERGETIC POTENTIAL, OF SOLVING THE SOCIAL PROBLEMS ON WHICH THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR US AND OUR CHILDREN DEPENDS

curity crisis in the territory of the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s was often described as a consequence of the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of complex states like Czechoslovakia or the Soviet Union. Although I still believe that the dominant origin of the Yugoslav tragedy was domestic, what is happening in our region today, in my opinion, is predominantly a reflection of geopolitical turmoil! Global politics can hardly sink any lower. The best proof of this is that the main topic of discussion today is whether, where, and when a nuclear bomb will be used.

Montenegro has marked 19 years since it restored its independence through a referendum—nearly two decades that have shaped its modern identity in political, economic, and international terms. Looking back on that period, what do you consider the greatest achievement, and which aspects of state development, in your view, still remain to be fulfilled?

As I’ve already pointed out—we generally faced unfavourable times for the economic and democratic development that was most urgently needed. Still, I believe I’m not mistaken in saying that many important and valuable efforts were made during that period. I’m especially proud that, in the early 1990s, we managed to preserve peace in Montenegro. Considering what was happening in our surroundings at the time, Montenegro was the only former Yugoslav republic on whose territory no war was fought. Taking into account Montenegro’s predominantly warrior history and tradition, I see this as perhaps the most significant achievement. It seems to me that within this generation living in Montenegro today, life itself is gaining in value. Throughout its history, Montenegro cultivated a culture of heroic sacrifice. Now, we are establishing a culture of life—life is being held in higher regard. Of course, these are ongoing processes, and time will tell what the long-term results of the

emancipation of Montenegrin society will look like. I am confident, however, that during this period a new phase began in shaping the consciousness in Montenegro regarding what the most important social values truly are. Secondly, I believe we have learned to appreciate the value of social stability. Without stability, there can be no development—and unstable societies are something everyone tries to avoid. Montenegro went through a very important phase of intensive economic growth, thanks to a dynamic influx of foreign investment. Capital is “a coward,” as the saying goes, and investors avoid unstable countries and economies. That influx of capital is proof that Montenegro was a stable and attractive investment destination. During that period, we also strengthened the multiethnic and multireligious character of Montenegro. Historically, Montenegro has been a multiethnic state. We reaffirmed that identity when, during the wars that surrounded us, a large number of refugees and displaced persons came to Montenegro. These were people of various faiths and nationalities. At one point, they made up 20% of Montenegro’s total population—an almost unimaginable figure. Just imagine if, over the course of a few years, the United States, Germany, or France took in a number of foreigners equal to 20% of their populations. And yet, this contributed to strengthening Montenegro’s trust in coexistence and in a multiethnic, multireligious community. I believe it's worth highlighting that, during this period, Montenegro achieved economic self-sustainability. Throughout its history, Montenegro had often relied on help from various sources. But from the early 1990s to the present, Montenegro has lived off its own labour—and with its own capabilities, it has become an attractive investment destination. We began to see wealthy people coming here, and the results of their investments were not only

facilities valuable in a material sense—they also brought with them the establishment of new standards. Today, Porto Montenegro is fully competitive with the marinas in Monte Carlo, Cannes, or Porto Cervo. The same goes for the resorts in Portonovi and Luštica. And Aman—needless to say—is in a league of its own. All of this was important to accomplish with the right partners.

It is also important to note that, after using the German mark, we adopted the euro in 2002, which further strengthened investor confidence and marked a significant step toward Montenegro’s independence. It may well have been the decisive step! This move helped raise awareness of the urgent need to abandon an economic and financial environment that was deeply dysfunctional. Prior to that, we had lived through one of the worst periods of inflation in human history and a completely devalued dinar. We chose not to print our own currency—the perper, our historical money—even though there would have been traditional and emotional justification for doing so. Instead, we made a conscious decision to spare Montenegro the risk that, one day, someone irresponsible might try to solve economic problems by printing unsupported perpers. We understood that the Montenegrin economy needed a convertible currency in order to begin its recovery and to support the development of the state.

Ultimately, we restored independence as the lifelong dream of many generations of Montenegrins. We did so in a truly European manner—without compromising the stability of Montenegro or the region for even a single moment. Moreover, we respected the strict rules set by the European Union throughout the process. After everything, we set Montenegro on a Western course—one that, historically, both Montenegro and the wider region had often not followed. In other words, correcting the historical injustice that occurred shortly after World War I was not the sole objective of our policy. Alongside that, we wanted the renewed, independent Montenegro to belong to the cultural circle of modern Europe—not just geographically, but in terms of civilization and values. But in order to move toward that goal, we must truly belong to it—organically, and in terms of values.

That means we must adopt its standards through comprehensive reforms. Otherwise, we will stand out—and appear as an “outsider” to that society. And once you set out on the path to Europe, then, quite logically, you are also on the path to NATO—as part of Euro-Atlantic integration.

On the other hand, what could not realistically be completed in a short period of time was institutional development. When I first stepped down as Prime Minister—after the successful referendum and the parliamentary elections that followed at the end of 2006—I said that the time had come for the historically rooted individual authority in Montenegro to be replaced by institutional authority. I wanted to emphasize that the stability, democratic progress, and economic development of any country depend heavily on the strength of its institutions. Countries with strong institutions can survive even poor governance. But for countries without such institutions, bad governance can be fatal. That is why institutional development is the most important priority for any newly reestablished state. And we were deeply committed to that process. However, what our critics fail to understand is that this is a task that never truly ends—and that achieving even the first satisfactory results takes closer to a century than the 14 years we had in power, from 2006 until the change in 2020. Since democratic societies naturally involve changes in leadership, this should be a continuous priority for every government, regardless of party alignments. Do we see that in Montenegro over the past five years? My answer is no. But that, too, is a lesson that must be learned. At some point, Montenegro had to go through a change in government—and it ended up with a cabinet that was, realistically, the only available alternative at the time. Today, Montenegrin citizens are better informed about what truly serves their future interests. I believe the most important thing now is for Montenegro to receive, as soon as possible, a nationally responsible government—one that will patiently and persistently continue to build up institutions as the reliable foundation for the country’s future societal development.

When analyzing contemporary global trends and changes in the international economy, which sectors do you see as having the

greatest potential for Montenegro’s further development? And what advice would you offer to young politicians when it comes to launching a new investment cycle and creating a sustainable and competitive business environment?

Montenegro is naturally predisposed to be a high-quality tourist destination, and as such, its economy has been largely shaped as a service-oriented one. Of course, events like the COVID-19 pandemic serve as a reminder that it is unwise to rely on a single path of economic development. It is crucial to have a diversified economy, while also maintaining a clear understanding of the country’s strategic direction for long-term growth. Over the past few decades, Montenegro has demonstrated that it is capable of evolving beyond the profile it held during the time of former

by the most reputable publications, including those issued by the World Travel and Tourism Council, an affiliate of the United Nations, which ranked Montenegro on multiple occasions during that time as one of the fastest-growing and most distinctive global tourism locations. In those years, with the construction of modern marinas, Montenegro added a new dimension to its tourism sector—namely, high-quality nautical tourism. Projects like Porto Montenegro graced the covers of all the renowned European magazines, and the state of Montenegro had a strong international marketing presence. We proved that we could do it. Unfortunately, in the last five years, several steps have been taken backwards. The greatest damage, it turns out, was caused by the ill-considered decision to abolish the national airline, which led to the tragic transport isolation of Mon-

EVERY COUNTRY WANTS TO ATTRACT QUALITY CAPITAL, AND THAT CAPITAL WILL FLOW TO THE ENVIRONMENT THAT OFFERS THE BEST CONDITIONS—FROM THE LOWEST TAXES, TO THE MOST EFFICIENT ADMINISTRATION, TO THE MOST RELIABLE RULE OF LAW. THIS MUST ALWAYS BE KEPT IN MIND, AND GOVERNMENTS MUST REMAIN UNWAVERING IN THEIR EFFORTS TO ATTRACT INVESTORS.

Yugoslavia. Back then, Montenegro was already a solid Adriatic tourist destination. During the period of renewed independence, we recognized that Montenegro could become a highly competitive European and Mediterranean destination. Additionally, by assessing the broader context—together with domestic and international experts—we noticed that Europe was in search of new tourist destinations. Traditional hotspots, such as Saint-Tropez, which emerged in the post–World War II era, have largely saturated the global market and have become prohibitively expensive and inaccessible for many people. Moreover, the range of demands from today’s tourist clientele continues to expand, and smart policies in countries with strong natural advantages know how to recognize and seize that opportunity. Through intensive cooperation with foreign consultants and investors, we planned and built new infrastructure that helped position Montenegro among the recognized tourist destinations in Europe. This was acknowledged

tenegro. For a tourist country to be considered prestigious, one essential condition is its ease of access. As I recall, in 2019, Montenegro had three times as many daily international flights as neighbouring Albania. Today, Albania has four times more such flights than Montenegro. This is a major disservice by the current government to the country. When we think about the future development of tourism and the full realization of Montenegro’s potential—especially in the tourism and service sectors—we must think about accessibility, meaning the development of the entire transportation infrastructure. Primarily, I’m referring to the development of airports and strong agreements with airline carriers that will establish direct flights connecting Montenegro with key source markets, particularly across Europe. In my opinion, this is a realistic and achievable goal. Additionally, we need to return to sound practices in our relations with investors in order to continue the sustainable development of the country’s most attractive tourist locations and to

provide new, high-quality accommodation facilities. Today, when a major tour operator appears and requests several thousand accommodation units with five or more stars, we face a problem. Of course, I am not advocating the concreting of our coastline, but I also don’t agree with what I hear from certain loud but unqualified voices in some local NGOs and media circles—that Montenegro must be saved from construction. I ask them: saved from what? From the smart and sustainable use of its resources? Resources are there to be responsibly utilized by sound policy! I believe that is where we need to place the emphasis when it comes to Montenegro’s future development—alongside the diversification of economic activity. For example, when you look at agricultural land in absolute numbers, it may not seem impressive because Montenegro is a small country, but it’s astounding how much arable land remains uncultivated in Montenegro to this day. On the other hand, we have a steadily growing food import bill, amounting to hundreds of millions of euros, most often from regions that are geographically closest to us. This clearly indicates that climate is not the limiting factor for producing these goods. It’s a human factor. To those willing to hear my advice, I would say: it is essential to stay strongly focused on development. Also, it seems to me that the current state policy is infected with the virus of populism and operates under the belief that the most important thing is to promise people what they want to hear—that high wages, pensions, and social benefits can be distributed regardless of actual economic performance. Even if you are able to deliver on those promises in the short term, it is merely a political trick—lucrative for a while, but very quickly exposed as a deception, because two realities inevitably collide: a growing appetite for consumption and an economy that simply cannot support it. That’s why a wisely designed and sustainable development strategy—for Montenegro and for other Balkan countries that have long been historically behind—must be the top priority of national policy. The guiding idea of every smart policy must be the accelerated development of the country, and the most rational way to achieve that is through partnerships with quality investors. From my experience, to attract good investors, the government must be a reliable partner.

The government must not act merely as an authoritarian regulator, free to do whatever it wants—including driving investors away by constantly deteriorating the investment climate. Let me share something from my own practice. For years, I tried to interest investors in developing tourism in the north. It wasn’t easy. Progress only began once the state decided to build the first section of the highway, which cost more than 800 million euros. Only then did private investors realize that the state believed in the project and had committed to doing its part. Today, in Kolašin, private investors are building around twenty new hotels. Such partnerships must be nurtured, and every government’s guiding principle must be the daily improvement of the business environment in the country. When you realize that other countries have recognized what makes you attractive to investors—in our case, that was primarily the tax system and the 9% corporate tax rate—and that some have begun copying your model, the government must immediately respond by further reducing tax rates. Competition exists everywhere, including between countries. Every country wants to attract quality capital, and that capital will flow to the environment that offers the best conditions—from the lowest taxes, to the most efficient administration, to the most reliable rule of law. This must always be kept in mind, and governments must remain unwavering in their efforts to attract investors. To conclude: only in this way can we, within a foreseeable time, bridge the deep development gap that has historically existed between the Balkan countries and modern Europe.

The world is entering a new phase of international relations with Donald Trump’s return to the head of the U.S. administration, while the European Union faces internal challenges and a redefinition of its geopolitical priorities. In such a context, where do you see Montenegro’s position—both in terms of European integration and in terms of foreign policy maneuvering among key international players? Montenegro is irreversibly on the path of European and Euro-Atlantic integration. What the European Union will look like once Montenegro and all Western Balkan countries become its members is, in my opinion, not something we need to imagine too vividly at this point.

I believe the European Union will endure, as that is a prerequisite for European states to remain geopolitically competitive. It is difficult to imagine any individual European country securing competitiveness vis-à-vis the U.S., China, or Russia on its own. I believe the unification of Europe will be completed and that Montenegro will become its next full member. It is important to emphasize that this vision inspired our state policy even before the restoration of independence. Let me remind you that we introduced the German mark into Montenegro’s payment system seven years before independence, and the euro was adopted in 2002. These were significant steps toward a European future. Although we are now seeing a certain wavering within some segments of the current ruling majority, I do not believe this political stance has the strength to divert Montenegro from its European and Euro-Atlantic path. It is crucial for Montenegro to gain, as soon as possible, a nationally responsible government—one fully focused on achieving this strategic political and state objective. Of course, that depends on the will of the citizens. On August 30, 2020, citizens chose the current government. But at some point, they will need to make a decision that leads Montenegro toward a nationally responsible state policy, entirely dedicated to its European development. Therefore, I believe

Montenegro will fulfill its strategic goals. I am a proponent of a clear foreign policy orientation. I do not support a policy of equilibration between that which is fundamentally different and irreconcilable. I understand that, in one period— more precisely during the Cold War—such balancing was a necessity. Tito’s non-aligned policy, during the deep division between East and West, gave countries like Yugoslavia immense geopolitical importance. But the Cold War is over. Today, especially in Europe, we more clearly see the emergence of a new line of demarcation. I wouldn’t say it’s a line between East and West—many Central and Eastern European countries that were part of the Warsaw Pact are now NATO and EU members. Today, the dividing line is one of values. On one side, we have market economies, democracy, the rule of law, and respect for human rights. On the other side, authoritarian systems of governance. Not only do I not see it as a virtue, but I see it as self-deception—or even manipulation—when certain individuals in Montenegro and the region boast of their ability to “successfully balance.” Between what, exactly? We all must ground the policies we promote in values. If a political strategy is not based on the values one consistently fights for, then it is not serious policy— it is politicking. That’s when you promise people what they want

to hear, even if you yourself don’t believe it’s achievable. In doing so, you spend their future just to stay in power—that is selfish “politicking.” I genuinely believe in the values of Western democracy. I believe Montenegro should be a part of that value system. That is why we undertook socially painful reforms—believing they are worth enduring so that one day we can live under the conditions of a developed and prosperous market economy, the rule of law, and continue to advance our multiethnic character, uphold human rights, and develop democratically. I don’t believe this is a time for diplomatic or political balancing acts. I believe that Montenegro, both before and after the referendum, made the right choice in aligning with the value system where it sees its future.

Although you are known as a strong advocate of Western values and the Euro-Atlantic course, you have often pointed out certain weaknesses that have accompanied Western policy in recent decades. What exactly do you mean when you speak of those shortcomings, particularly in the context of the Balkans?

I firmly believe that Western policy, after the end of the Cold War, likely in a state of excessive self-satisfaction, revealed certain weaknesses that have now become a weight dragging down its competitiveness.

To that, we must add a serious delusion—one increasingly turning into self-deception—that is becoming ever more prevalent in key Western centers: the claim that democracy has become an obstacle to development. Today, the truth is being twisted to suggest that autocratic models of governance provide a better framework for progress. If we speak of quality of life as the guiding idea of any responsible policy, it's true that it depends on decent salaries, pensions, and humane working conditions—but it is also deeply tied to the sense of freedom, legal security, and all other values upheld by democratic societies—values that autocracy, by its nature, suppresses. I believe that, following the Cold War, there was a prolonged period of Western complacency—a sense of monopoly and superiority—which inevitably leads to error. It's no coincidence that, whether in commerce, science, or politics and geopolitics, competition is a valuable force. When someone is breathing down your neck, you perform better. When there’s no competition, you’re already halfway to a mistake. In this context, two particular missteps stand out. The first lies in the EU’s selfish indecision over whether to complete the unification of Europe, or to first focus inward on resolving dysfunctions within its current structure. While Europe hesitated, others with opposing interests settled into the Balkans. Once again, as so often in history, the region was misused— not for the benefit of its own people, but to serve the ambitions of external actors whose goal was to harm Europe, to undermine its unity and its system of values. The aggression against Ukraine is a direct consequence of that political reality. The second mistake stems from the American and European conviction that they had crafted a universal formula for democracy, and could simply export it elsewhere. That is a complete illusion. Every society has its own history and socio-cultural fabric that must be respected. There is no one-size-fits-all model of democracy. That’s why it’s essential for Montenegro—and all the Balkan states—to cultivate a strong sense of national ownership. You heard me right, and it’s not contradictory: each Western Balkan country should be part of the European cultural sphere and the Euro-Atlantic integration process, but first and foremost, we must remain our own. We must never allow the partnerships we choose to become disproportionate

EVERY SOCIETY HAS ITS OWN HISTORY AND SOCIOCULTURAL FABRIC THAT MUST BE RESPECTED. THERE IS NO ONE-SIZE-FITS-ALL MODEL OF DEMOCRACY. THAT’S WHY IT’S ESSENTIAL FOR MONTENEGRO—AND ALL THE BALKAN STATES—TO CULTIVATE A STRONG SENSE OF NATIONAL OWNERSHIP.

influence—whether that influence comes from the East or the West. We must safeguard our states as sovereign and enter into partnerships as equals, with those with whom we see a future of shared interests.

The Western Balkans remains a crossroads of interests—not only of regional, but also of global actors. At a time when the need for a “new approach” to this part of Europe is increasingly being discussed, what vision of the region’s future do you see as achievable?

Everything I’ve said about Montenegro equally applies to the Western Balkans. The Western Balkans must become part of modern European integration. The prerequisite for this is the revival of reforms within Western Balkan societies— reforms that once defined the era of strong Euro-enthusiasm, that is, before the EU became “fatigued by enlargement.” I don’t believe that entering through the “back door” is a serious option. You can formally be included in an integration process if those already inside allow it, but you’ll still feel like an outsider in that community. I see the European future of the region

tinct way—despite being part of the North Atlantic alliance. But since it has failed to do so until now, it will have to take action—especially in light of the pivot that Trump’s America has made, shifting its focus from the Atlantic to the Pacific. However, Europe will find it more difficult to strengthen its global role if it remains burdened by instability within any part of its own continent.

as a mutual interest—both for the Western Balkans and for the EU. As I’ve already emphasized, Europe now faces some of its most serious challenges with regard to shaping a new geopolitical model. The Cold War model is over, no matter how much some might wish to revise it. Likewise, the geopolitical era of a single superpower holding a monopoly has also ended—whether some recognize it or not. We are witnessing the emergence of a new geopolitical order, one that will pose particular challenges for Europe. That is why Europe must act swiftly on several pressing priorities. First among them, in my view, is reigniting the momentum for its own unification—completing the process of integration in the Western Balkans. There is no such thing as a geopolitical vacuum: wherever Europe is absent, others step in—often those with intentions toward Europe that are far from benevolent. At the same time, the EU must address its even more urgent needs, such as the clearer definition of two key European policies: defense and security, and foreign affairs. No one has prevented Europe from developing these policies in a more dis-

There have been public reports suggesting that certain NATO member states had considered the possibility of your candidacy for the position of Deputy Secretary General of the Alliance. At a time when, in the opinion of many, we are witnessing the formation of a new world order, how do you currently view NATO’s role in preserving international security? NATO is an exceptional asset the world gained after the Second World War. NATO has become a guarantor of peace globally, and Europe has reaped significant benefits from the creation of this organization, as it helped overcome some of the traditional European conflicts. We found ourselves on the same side that guarantees stability and prosperity to Europe. I consider it a great achievement, and I do not understand any questioning of whether we need NATO or not. NATO has brought the greatest benefits to Europe and America, and for that reason, I believe both sides should approach the preservation of this, historically speaking, most powerful political, military, and security alliance with special responsibility.

I first read the news about my candidacy for the position of Deputy Secretary General of the Alliance in the media—initially on a Romanian portal, and later on a Turkish one. I want to believe that, in some circles within the NATO community, there was consideration that someone from Central or Eastern Europe could appear in a prestigious position within NATO. Naturally, such thinking would be flattering to me. I believe the time has come for people from this region to hold such important roles. I haven’t looked into that news in detail, as I have planned my life in a different direction. Meanwhile, I was very pleased that Radmila Šekerinska, whom I know and greatly respect, was elected to that position. I consider that a fulfillment of our regional interest, and I believe it will be very beneficial for all our countries.

Photo: Igor Milić

Mercedes-AMG

CLE Coupé and Cabriolet gain exclusive special model

With the Mercedes-AMG CLE 53 4MATIC+, AMG introduced a sportyelegant masterpiece that quickly became one of the most popular models in the product portfolio.

Miloš Dragaš, director of the magazine

Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro and founder of Draf Media

Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro – A mission that connects, content that inspires

In just one year, Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro has evolved into a significant platform that connects diplomacy, business, and society within Montenegro and the broader regional context. Its recognition stems from a clear vision, high-quality content, and a dedicated team behind each publication. At the helm of this team is Miloš Dragaš, a young media professional with extensive experience and the founder of the publishing company Draf Media He brings both business discipline and a deeply rooted sense of identity and culture to this endeavor. Mr. Dragaš discussed the magazine's unique position in the Montenegrin market, the importance of bridging the diplomatic and business communities, the challenges of modern publishing, expansion plans, and the personal and familial roots that shape his professional journey. His message is straightforward: with a clear vision, the right partnerships, and dedication to the goal, every objective is absolutely achievable.

Mr. Dragaš, Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro magazine has become a recognized brand in Montenegro and the region's media landscape within just one year. What sets your magazine apart from other media outlets in the Montenegrin market?

Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro serves the diplomatic and business community of Montenegro, making it unique in the market by primarily focusing on diplomacy. Diplomacy & Commerce is a brand that is very active at the regional level, led by the already established media expert, Mr. Robert Čoban. Therefore, there was no doubt that we would position ourselves at the top of Montenegro's media scene

MILOŠ DRAGAŠ Director of the magazine Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro and founder of Draf Media

within the first year. My experience in the private sector, combined with my involvement in various government and non-governmental activities, provided a solid foundation for creating a healthy infrastructure that has propelled us to our current prominent position. In conclusion, the recognizability of our brand is the synergy between the business acumen that identified the state's need to develop in the field of diplomacy and a highly synchronized team that believes in Montenegro's prosperity in every aspect.

The magazine has published ten issues to date. How do you perceive the role of the magazine in connecting the diplomatic community, entrepreneurs, and institutions in Montenegro?

I must admit that I am truly surprised when I see that Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro, after two years of operation, has developed friendships of both local and international character. My interest has grown the most in moments when I realize and see that what we do reaches London, Rome, Moscow, and even some other world capitals. Our magazine's concept is based

I BELIEVE THAT DIPLOMACY & COMMERCE MONTENEGRO PLAYS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN CONNECTING INSTITUTIONS AND ENTREPRENEURS, AS IT IS RECOGNIZED BY A LARGE NUMBER OF OFFICIALS AND ALL THOSE WHO PARTICIPATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE OF MONTENEGRO.

on numerous interviews with highly successful individuals from the fields of politics, business, sports, and culture – and there are a great many of our people both in Montenegro and abroad. Information thus circulates in a very timely manner, and I would highlight here the original authenticity of Montenegrin local patriotism, regardless of geographical location or profession. I believe that Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro plays a significant role in connecting institutions and entrepreneurs, as it is recognized by a large number of officials and all those who participate in the development of the state of Montenegro. Challenges lie ahead, and we are eager to grow as a brand, with many innovations in the media field that will benefit the entire community.

publishing house should have a clear assessment of the weight of what it places on the market and orient itself according to the needs of readers.

Do you have plans for business expansion – and do you see potential for regional growth?

A significant portion of the population familiar with my work knows that expansion is what maintains my business equilibrium. After Serbia, Russia, North Macedonia, and Montenegro, I don't plan to stop, but what is certain is that I've found a home. We are currently negotiating with several European countries, and I must say there is considerable interest because, alongside Diplomacy & Commerce, we are undertaking socially responsible projects related to preventive education for the youngest population. This ultimately attracts significant attention from potential partners and clients. The motto "HURRY SLOWLY" has not yet let me down, so I rely on it and believe that Draf Media will soon expand its operations into new markets.

Although you were born and raised in Belgrade, your roots are in Montenegro, specifically in Pljevlja. How does this dual identity influence your professional path?

In addition to your role as director of this prestigious magazine, you have been the owner of the publishing company “Draf Media” for the past ten years, which has been successfully operating in Montenegro for three years. What are the biggest challenges in publishing today?

Generally speaking, Draf Media operates as a publishing house with great attention to detail in every segment of its business. Many publishing houses face identical challenges, but the main question lies in the answer to whether to invest in print or digital media. The fact is that the 21st century dictates a pace dominated by electronic media. However, given the environment in which we live and the deep respect for the spoken word, printed editions remain relevant. I believe that every

I am a Belgrade student and I am proud of it, however, my professional journey began in Pljevlja in 1953. My father laid the foundation of my work ethic and business etiquette, aiming to inspire me through culture, tradition, education, and an unconditional love for our heritage. I believe there hasn't been a moment in my personal development where I haven't felt the presence of pride, perseverance, faith, insight, and the subtle intelligence that Cvijić describes in his work on the Dinaric people. As a result of significant investment and immense love for my father's hometown, I continued the tradition, married a beautiful and proud Montenegrin woman who has been my unwavering support who gave me a daughter. I live my dream, and I answer this question very precisely –even though it may not seem so – because no professional path is the right one if it isn't enriched with family blessings.

Ceremonial Reception of the Prime Minister of Montenegro on the Occasion of Independence Day

Montenegro: Knowledge, Vision & European Future

The Prime Minister of Montenegro, Milojko Spajić, hosted a ceremonial reception on the occasion of May 21st – Montenegro's Independence Day. The ceremony was held in the hall of the University Sports and Cultural Center of the University of Montenegro and was attended by the highest state officials, representatives of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government, the diplomatic corps, media, non-governmental sector, and notable figures from public and cultural life.

“Behind us lies a millennial state-building past, a historical continuity that is an inseparable part of European cultural heritage and European historiography. We have shared the fate of the peoples and countries of our continent, and everything that Montenegro is today — is a reflection of Europe in miniature. Our inherited multiethnicity, multiculturalism, and multiconfessionalism, which have been defended through all historical changes and upheavals, are values through which we practically demonstrate where we truly belong, and which are finally fully reflected by the executive branch”, stated Spajić.

The Prime Minister emphasized that he is deeply convinced it is the duty of

our generation to, for the great anniversary, lead Montenegro to where it has always belonged – the European Union.

It was announced that funds from the EU Growth Plan will be directed toward the construction of 12 kindergartens, 11 primary schools, and two new student dormitories, as a symbol of the determination to elevate the education system to a higher level.

Spajić praised the achievements of young people, innovators, and scientists, stating that they are precisely the future that begins here and now.

“I am confident that each of us individually, as well as the system as a whole, will ultimately prove that we are capable, in this pivotal historical moment, despite our differences, of choosing the undeniable common interest, public good, and a long-term bright future — membership in the European Union and a better standard of living for our citizens”, the Prime Minister stated during the ceremony marking one of the most significant dates in Montenegrin history.

As he emphasized, we need to focus on our real needs, challenges, and goals, and allow knowledge and competence, integrity, and professionalism to be our tools in the future preservation of the dignity and independence of our country.

Italian Statehood Day celebrated in Podgorica

A gathering of two nations— that’s the main theme of the initiatives held in Montenegro on the occasion of the 79th anniversary of the Italian Republic.

Italy and Montenegro in a Symphony of Friendship

The celebrations were officially opened by H.E. Ms Andreina Marsella, Ambassador of the Republic of Italy to Montenegro and the Minister of Culture and Media of Montenegro , Tamara Vujović, on June 2nd, when the concert "Stralunato Recital" was held, featuring Antonella Ruggiero, the historic voice of the Italian group "Matia Bazar", accompanied by the "Maurizio di Fulvio Trio".

In the beautiful setting of the Montenegrin National Theatre, in a sold-out hall, the artists presented a repertoire focused on well-known Italian songs, taking the audience on an intriguing emotional journey.

On June 3rd, Ambassador Marsella hosted the traditional reception, attended by many Montenegrin representatives from government, civil society, business, culture, and sports, as well as members of the

diplomatic corps and, of course, numerous Italians.

The evening was enhanced by the musical performances of Italian artists Maurizio Di Fulvio Trio and the Montenegrin duo NikčevićBulatović, who, following renditions of the Italian, Montenegrin, and European anthems, delighted the audience with a concert that represented a fusion of Italian and Montenegrin musical culture.

We concluded the celebrations of June 4th with a screening of the film "The Preacher" by Italian director Alessandro Tonda in Njegošev Park. The event was organized in cooperation with the Secretariat for Culture of the Capital Podgorica.

Once again this year, the Millennium Bridge shone in the colors of the Italian flag throughout the three days of celebrations.

Photo: Embassy of Italy in Montenegro

Žabljak Crnojevića Matchless treasury of enchantress

Žabljak Crnojevića is an abandoned medieval fortress in Montenegro, perched at the confluence of the Morača River and Lake Skadar. Originally founded in the 10th century, it became the capital of Zeta under the Crnojević dynasty from 1466 to 1478. However, the Ottomans seized it in 1478, holding it for 400 years until Montenegro regained control in 1878. Today, its crumbling ruins offer stunning views and a glimpse into its rich history.

On the edge of the Skadar Lake, near the mouth of the Morača River into this lake, is the medieval town of famous Žabljak Crnojevića, reachable by land or water. It is believed to have been built in the 10th century, during the reign of the first Montenegrin dynasty, Vojislavljević. In the middle of the 15th century, Žabljak was owned by the noble Crnojević family, after whom it was named. The duke of Zeta, Stefan Crnojević was the first to dine, then his son Lord Ivan. The Turks occupied it in 1478., and Ivan Crnojević moved the capital to Obod and then to Cetinje. The city of Žabljak, the eastern rampart of the powerful Turkish empire, towards Montenegro, was conquered twice by the Montenegrins. In the 1560s, Žabljak also became the capital of Zeta. The view of the ancient city of Žabljak Crnojević excudes history, whether spiritual or war with an extraordinary geographical position. It is reflected as an ancient bygone Byzantine fortress, the last refuge of Ivan Crnojević as a foundation of the Montenegrin state and culture. The town of Žabljak Crnojevića was occupied twice by the Montenegrins under the attack of the Ceklinians, with the assistance of the Ljubotinians, and as the symbol of the battle, two cannons were taken, as if today taking place in front of te Cetinje Monastery. In the 19th century, precisely in 1877., Žabljak Crnojevića was

released. During the time of Turkey, there were towers on Žabljak where the Turkish bey rested, as well as the guard, and during the Kingdom of Yugoslavia it was a gendarmerie station. After World War II, there was also an elementary school. Žabljak Crnojevića is considered the real capital, although informally as the center of spirituality and the Montenegrin state. Prince Nikola left a peculiar monument on Žabljak Crnojević with the names of Montenegrin knights inscribed on it. Afterwards, by the decision of the Berlin Congress, Žabljak Crnojevića was returned to Montenegro in 1878., after more than 400 years under the Ottoman rule. Žabljak Crnojevića belongs to the type of water or island fortresses, surrounded by strong ramparts, which are 12m high and 2m thick considering some places. The island itself, on the conical, craggy top of which lies the medieval fortified town, has a circumference of about 800 m. On the stone ramparts there are six towers that are regularly arranged as they played a key role in observing the surroundings and defending the capital. The fortress could only be entered in one place, through a gate known to have once been made of iron. In the interior of the city there were the court of lord Zeta, the church of St. George, barracks, several residential buildings, warehouses for goods and a water cistern.

Visiting Žabljak Crnojevića is a rewarding experience, offering both history and breathtaking views. Here are some top tips to make the most of your trip:

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and early autumn provide pleasant weather and fewer crowds, making exploration more enjoyable.

• Exploring the Fortress: The ruins are untouched, so wear comfortable shoes for uneven terrain and bring water, as there are no facilities inside.

• Scenic Views: The fortress offers panoramic views over Lake Skadar, making it a perfect spot for photography.

The influence of the Republic of Venice is noticeable in the architecture of these buildings, and the main influence of Venice on the Zeta nobility. Stefan Crnojević has strengthened Žabljak, using the Venetian military engineering system. Numerous openings for archers and spearmen are also visible at the top of the ramparts as one could follow the movement over the bridges and across the lake making it that the fortress skillfully resisted enemy attacks.

The profound picturesque of Žabljak Crnojevića regards as the most entrancing cultural monument of the first category echoing the spirit of Montenegrin statehood. According to the synchronized geographical position, next to the fortress is the river Karatuna, baptized by the Turks as in translation from Turkish, the black river, carrying out the connection between Žabljak and the rest of the lake. Impressive

views, the southern horizon across the thin line of Skadar lake is dominated by the mountain Rumija, enhancing the comprehensiveness of the impressive scenery as an idiosyncrasy of the fortress. Settled near other wonders in Montenegro, Žabljak Crnojevića is an alluring and enrapturing tourist attraction that engages visitors with its bountiful historical significance, fascinating location and innate attractiveness. The pictorial topography and panorama, adorned with verdant encirclement and serene waters, create a reposeful and soothing ambience and overtone that teleports you to a world of spellbinding and magnetism. When it comes to historical devotee and admirers or nature enthusiasts, or merely looking for a hushed, secluded and restful get away, Žabljak Crnojevića is beyond comparison a reflection of Montenegrin beauty and peerless treasury of enchantress.

Photo: Marija Stanković

Goran Velimirović, lawyer and founder of the winery “Velimirovich Heritage Winery”

I still set new challenges for myself

Our magazine’s interviewee, Goran Velimirović, is an example of a person who proves that with strong ambition, a clear goal, and a willingness to make sacrifices, great achievements can be reached. He has had an outstanding legal career – from judge at the Basic and Higher Courts in Podgorica to founder of the prestigious law firm “Velimirović & Partners”. He has also succeeded as an entrepreneur in the real estate business, and, out of deep respect for his family heritage, he expanded the vineyards in his birthplace Malenza, a hamlet in Zagarač, and founded the winery “Velimirovich Heritage Winery”. Although fulfilled in all areas – both family and professional – Velimirović, through his candidacy for judge of the Constitutional Court of Montenegro, shows that dreams have no expi-

ration date. While he does not hide his happiness at having fulfilled many of his dreams, he continues, confidently and with renewed enthusiasm, to set new challenges for himself.

Mr. Velimirović, you have a rich and respectable legal background. After a long career as a judge, you transitioned into the world of advocacy. What have decades of working in law taught you? Is justice attainable, or merely an elusive ideal?

Thank you for your observation! I truly do have a rich legal career, and I am genuinely proud of it. To put it figuratively – I have two ‘adulthoods’ in the two most significant legal professions, each with 18 years of experience: one in the judiciary and the other in advocacy. I have had the opportunity to witness how justice is carried

out from two opposing positions – from the perspective of a judge, the one who must make the decision and who stands at the top of the pyramid called the pursuit of truth and justice; and, on the other side, through the lens of a lawyer, whose role is to provide legal assistance to people, sometimes guilty, sometimes innocent. The so-called adulthood I acquired in the judiciary convinced me that the role of a judge can be very solitary when it comes to the process of decision-making. When you make a decision after a longer or shorter court proceeding – whether in criminal or civil cases – you are left alone with yourself and there is no one else to share that kind of responsibility with. I believe justice is certainly attainable; if that weren’t the case, it would be deeply demotivating for me and for all legal profession-

als who have chosen this path. Of course, sometimes the road to justice is very long. However, the ideal of justice lies at the core of every social community, not just the state. I also think that we, as individuals who personify the legal professions, must always serve as a stimulus to younger generations and instill in them the belief that justice is attainable and remains the inviolable ideal of every democratic society. Furthermore, I must say that I am relatively satisfied with the state of the judiciary in Montenegro. If I were to grade it on a scale from one to five, I would give it a three. So, Montenegrin justice is not as bad as it is sometimes portrayed in the media, but it is certainly not excellent either, and there is significant room for improvement.

It is well known that the legal profession dates back to antiquity. In that sense, what sets this profession apart from other areas of human activity, and to what extent has advocacy, from ancient times to today, managed to preserve that original pursuit of a better and more just society? Some professions or sciences have changed far less since ancient times compared to others. One such field is undoubtedly legal science and, within it, the legal (advocacy) profession. To this day, we continue to build legal systems on the foundations of Roman law, and we also know that Rome drew its roots from ancient Greece. Here, we can draw a parallel and point out that law, like philosophy, has not fundamentally changed over the past two thousand years. As I mentioned, we still rely on Roman law and frequently refer to Greek and Roman philosophers. On the other hand, medicine and technical sciences have advanced immeasurably more. Therefore, law is a traditional and conservative science, and the same applies to the judiciary as a profession. In that sense, the purpose and principles on which the legal profession

GORAN VELIMIROVIĆ

Lawyer and founder of the winery “Velimirovich Heritage Winery”

is based have not significantly changed from ancient times to the present day. Advocacy seeks practical solutions to various situations, but it often does not aim to achieve justice itself. Therefore, the old Latin maxim “Ius est ars boni et aequi” (The law is the art of the good and the fair) I would more closely associate with the judiciary than with advocacy. Lawyers, in their efforts to protect the rights and interests of their clients, sometimes present facts in a different light than how they truly are in reality.

As a break from the demanding legal profession, you have dedicated your free time to developing the production of high-quality wine. You are the founder of the "Velimirovich Heritage Winery", and your vineyards in Zagarač, where you come from, grace a significant part of the hamlet Malenza – whose name is also carried by one of your wines. What inspired you to step into the world of winemaking, and what story do you wish to tell through your wines?

For me, winemaking and viticulture are much more than just a hobby or a business. It was the desire to preserve tradition that truly motivated me to step more seriously into the world of grape cultivation and wine production. I am a very traditional person, in the sense that I have a deeply rooted desire to promote and maintain everything good – not only in my family’s heritage but also in the heritage of the Montenegrin people. In that context, I saw the care for and development of our family vineyards as a natural part of that mission. In Zagarač, where I come from, cultivating grapevines has for centuries been one of the primary agricultural activities of almost every household. Although I was born and raised in Podgorica, I have always felt Zagarač to be my true root, especially knowing that my family has been there for over 400 years. Our Velimirović brotherhood is known for producing people who have distinguished themselves as teachers, PhDs, doctors, university deans, academics, priests, and bishops. Quite simply, I felt a certain obligation toward my ancestors—to preserve the vineyards, to expand them, and to modernize them. Over time, our family vineyards grew. I also bought land

from relatives who were selling their estates, gradually creating, by our regional standards, a respectable vineyard complex. To be honest, I have poured a lot of my time, energy, and spirit into crafting these wines. In addition to the "Malenza" wine you mentioned, and in the spirit of preserving tradition, I named our premium wine “Tomaš”. I hope the time will come when both Malenza and Zagarač become destinations that tourists will gladly visit. What truly makes me happy is that my relatives are returning to Zagarač. Family estates are being restored, vineyards are being planted again, as well as other agricultural crops traditional to this area. There are also several other wineries that have outgrown small-scale family production—most notably the "Keković" and "Otašević" wineries. The trend of wine tourism, which started in Italy, France, and Croatia, has begun to spread here as well. Tourists increasingly seek authentic environments that haven’t been spoiled by excessive construction. I genuinely believe that Zagarač has great potential for various types of tourism. In addition to its beautiful vineyard landscapes, it is an ideal location for adventurers who enjoy extreme sports, such as cycling or hiking up Mount Garač (1,450 m above sea level). Ultimately, I believe that in the near future, Zagarač will fully realize the potential of these types of tourism.

How do you see the role of family wineries in the development of the Montenegrin wine scene? Does the market recognize the value of authenticity and quality that such wineries offer?

We can say that the vast majority of wineries in Montenegro are, in fact, family-owned. Such producers, whose surname is part of their winery’s brand, have an even greater responsibility to ensure that the wine they produce is of the highest possible quality. This is because the wine produced in family wineries is always identified on the market with the owner and their family. You know that Montenegrins are known for valuing their name and reputation. Therefore, we all have an added motivation to deliver the best quality product possible. I believe that Montenegrin wines are very high quality, even though family wineries still have relatively small production capacities. I

would appeal to decision-makers in Montenegro to contribute more to the promotion of domestic products. Certainly, hospitality providers should change their habits and offer tourists wines from Montenegrin producers, as these are authentic, and it is difficult to find them anywhere else outside Montenegro. Likewise, citizens need to change their mindset, because just because a wine comes from a well-known winery in Tuscany doesn’t necessarily mean it is better in quality than wine from a Montenegrin producer.

Nowadays, more and more young people don’t want to limit themselves to just one professional role — they strive to succeed in multiple fields at the same time, to follow different passions, and to combine seemingly incompatible careers. You are an example of someone who successfully balances the legal profession, real estate business, and the world of winemaking. How do you manage to reconcile these three demanding roles? And what advice would you give to young people who want to pursue multiple interests without losing focus and quality?

A person just needs to follow their instincts, which must be aligned with their personal abilities and their readiness to make sacrifices. Such a wide range of my activities required sacrificing my private time, and that sacrifice was felt first and foremost by my family. I was absent from home much more than I should have been. However, my motivations for engaging in all these endeavors were so strong that I found within myself the energy and will to carry them all out — it seems to me — in a quality way.

Simply put, I had goals I wanted to achieve, and today I can say that I am happy to have realized my dreams. Therefore, if young people have a similar feeling that they can work two or more jobs, they absolutely should be supported. I repeat, it is important that they know themselves and their talents, and are prepared for lifelong learning and sacrifice. Young people must understand that if they want to pursue multiple interests, they will have to dedicate most of their private time to work, at the expense of personal rest, hobbies, and time with family or friends. I’m not saying it’s always easy, but it’s worth it when you know the direction you’re heading. Even though I will soon turn 65, I still set new challenges for myself. In that context, I applied to become a judge at the Constitutional Court of Montenegro, with the desire to complete my legal career as a whole and return to the position of a judge. I must emphasize that, of all my interests, a judicial career has remained my greatest passion. Perhaps, because of my age, there is some public skepticism about my candidacy. However, before the Constitutional Committee of the Parliament of Montenegro, I publicly stated that all countries in the world select experienced, fulfilled, and accomplished individuals for the position of constitutional court judge. According to the very letter of the law and the Constitution, prominent lawyers are chosen for this function. Therefore, to assess whether someone is a prominent lawyer requires a lot of time and proof. Decades of my legal career speak for themselves, and I leave it to the public to decide whether I am right.

Veliša Stamatović, Governor of Rotary District 2483

Rotary – When Help Becomes a Mission

Today, when society increasingly forgets the power of solidarity, there are people and organizations that remind us that the strength of unity and humanity remains the driving force of the world. Veliša Stamatović, governor of Rotary District 2483 (Serbia and Montenegro) for the 2025/2026 term, is precisely one of those leaders. A member of the Rotary Club Budva for over 15 years, Stamatović does not see Rotary as just an organization, but as a philosophy of life that connects good people around the world with one goal: to leave the world better through their actions, than they found it. In an interview for our magazine, Stamatović talks about the importance of youth in the Rotary movement, cooperation with international organizations, key projects and priorities, and how local humanitarian efforts give rise to a global impact.

Mr. Stamatović, you are currently leading Rotary District 2483 (Serbia and Montenegro) for the 2025/2026 term. What attracted you the most to the Rotary organization and its values? First of all, I would like to emphasize that Rotary for me represents a way of life . Since I have been an active member of the Rotary Club Budva for over 15 years and will take over the responsible role of Governor of Rotary District Serbia and Montenegro on July 1st, I can say that I fell in love with Rotary the moment I realized that the essence of this organization aligns with one of the strongest motives in my life — to help people and make them happy. It is difficult to put into words how much happiness, satisfaction, and energy a person can get and feel when they have the opportunity and ability to help someone, to do something good for someone, for their local community, for their country, or for specific target groups around the world. That concrete energy and

VELIŠA STAMATOVIĆ Governor of Rotary District 2483

emotion you receive through the gratitude shown by the people you have helped — through a kind word, a hug, a handshake, or even a tear — represents one of the strongest motivations for further work, progress, and creation. That energy is an invaluable treasure, a source of satisfaction and motivation that guides you through all your life directions, obligations, challenges, but also beautiful moments and successes. We share a similar system of values, and that is precisely what attracted me the most to Rotary. On the other hand, as a result of all the activities carried out, you gain priceless friendships with people who share a similar values , who have similar motives and needs, and thus you gain true and sincere friends not only in your city and country but in almost every part of the world. That wealth cannot be bought, even if you have all the money in the world.

Rotary is a global organization known for its humanitarian work and for connecting leaders from various sectors of society. How do you see the role of Rotary in the modern society of Serbia and Montenegro, and how does it adapt to today’s challenges?

The role of Rotary in the development of our society is multifaceted and continuous. We are a serious and stable partner both to our countries and to all organizations and individuals who aim to do something good for their people and help the progress of their country through various forms of activity—not only humanitarian but also those focusing on culture, mental health, education, youth development, ecology, innovation, and exchange of experiences aimed at improvement and progress. Rotary is an entirely apolitical organization, where no divisions of any kind are supported. On the contrary, our goal is to promote peace, kindness, coop-

eration, unity, and much broader goals than just the local or individual concerns that people are often burdened with. Rotary, as a movement with its strength and size, has been present in solving all natural and health disasters that have affected our world in the past 120 years. Through our global network of members—recognized experts from various fields, leaders in their professions, and selflessly helping people—we are capable of assisting in overcoming any issue troubling our society. This has happened when partners accepted us as sincere collaborators and when we approached certain topics jointly, analytically, strategically, and dedicatedly. When you have good and healthy intentions within you, that intention finds its way to manifest. Every era brings its own challenges, and so does today. Rotary, due to the diversity of its members, the diversity of cultures and ages, its experience and presence worldwide, can

best share positive experiences that have already yielded results in other parts of the world under similar circumstances. That is our strength, which stands at the disposal of our countries.

Young people are increasingly drawn to activism and socially responsible initiatives, and Rotaract clubs are an excellent entry point into the Rotary community. How do you assess the role of the new generation of Rotaract members in shaping the future of the Rotary movement in this region? Rotaract is a particularly important segment in the operation and development of Rotary. The role of new generations is invaluable in all aspects of our society, not just within Rotary. It is very important to establish a bridge of trust between mature and young people because we cannot achieve much without each other, but together we can achieve everything. That is the singular and true essence, and it is important to embrace it. It is crucial that we remain open to each other, listen to one another, understand, and accept each other as we are, because this is the only way to build genuine and stable bridges and generate the best outcomes that can come from different views on life, various perspectives, attitudes, and ways of thinking. It is extremely important that we approach all those differences—or better said, different perspectives—in a constructive manner, with positive faith and the best intentions, which will allow us to generate the best effects. In diversity lies the greatest chance for progress, and in those circumstances, wisdom must accompany us, so that alongside beauty, the continuous building of a better and more humane society is ensured. My goal during my mandate is to demonstrate the wealth of synergy that can be created from the cooperation between Rotaract and Rotary on a best possible way. Not so long ago, we were young ourselves, and we are aware of the challenges we faced back then in the struggle to be understood and accepted. With that awareness, and with openness and adaptability to all the new developments happening both here and worldwide, we can create additional value and ensure the continuous and sustainable development of both our organizations and its impact in the best light for society as a whole.

It is well known that Rotary is one of the founding organizations of the United Nations and the only non-governmental organization that has its own seat at the United Nations. What is the nature of your Rotary District’s cooperation with diplomatic missions and international organizations?

Since Rotary is a global organization and we are very well connected with each other, often visiting each other at various events around the world, I could say that we are truly citizens of the world. By the very act of joint action and helping one another, “today” the whole world comes together to support projects intended for our country, and “tomorrow” we all agree again to help someone else. This practice further connects us on all levels. Also, the fact that foreign diplomats often attend our events, wholeheartedly support them, and assist us in our work speaks to how developed their awareness and understanding are of the positive effects our activities have in society worldwide. Very often, a foreign diplomat is themselves a Rotary member in their home country

with the goal of promoting the achievements of our movement on a global scale.

Over the years, your Rotary District has carried out a number of significant humanitarian projects – from supporting hospitals to backing education and environmental protection. Which projects would you highlight as the most important in recent times, and what are your priorities for the future?

or has close family members or friends who are Rotarians. This further brings good people closer together and builds bridges of peace, trust, and cooperation. I would also highlight the very serious and quality cooperation of the Rotary organization in Montenegro with the UNICEF office and the wonderful projects we have implemented together for our youngest members of society. Good cooperation with USAID in Serbia has enabled the provision of several million dollars in aid directed towards improving the healthcare system in certain cities, as well as education for youth through the provision of innovative methods for learning programming and various other useful disciplines in almost all primary schools in Serbia. The projects we have implemented in these areas, in cooperation with the aforementioned international institutions, have achieved the highest level of recognition and evaluation by Rotary International, our umbrella organization. Rotary marketing teams from America have visited our District to produce reports and features about these initiatives,

I am proud to highlight that our District is a world leader in the number of implemented Global Grants — special projects carried out in partnership between Rotary clubs from different Districts. In Montenegro, our largest projects have focused on assisting and equipping hospitals, health centers, and faculties. It would not be right to overlook the smaller and medium-sized projects aimed at culture, mental health, and support for educational institutions and NGOs. We are proud of every initiative undertaken by each of the 8 Rotary clubs in Montenegro and the 62 clubs in Serbia. There have been many actions, some smaller, some very large in scope. It would be difficult to mention them all or even just some, as they are truly numerous. If we could quantify in monetary terms the total funds raised and invested to help local communities and our countries, we would be talking about tens of millions of dollars invested in the most sensitive projects — those that have saved many lives, enabled incredibly beautiful moments and emotions for people who had never known such feelings, but also those that have provided new knowledge, given new tools for development, and introduced new learning that helped individuals and organizations better raise awareness about important social issues. We are proud of this and it motivates us to be even better, stronger, and more dedicated to helping and developing our society. Our goal is to leave behind better base, a better and more humane society, and stronger pillars that will help future generations live easier and better lives. The very fact that the Rotary movement has eradicated 99.9% of childhood polio globally speaks to our commitment to doing good not only for our immediate environment but for all people of the world.

Photo: Private archive

Lord of Montenegro

Ivan Crnojević

Ivan Crnojević was a ruler who safeguarded Montenegro's independence and founded Cetinje as its spiritual and political center. His leadership marked the transition from medieval rule to a resilient Montenegrin identity that endured for centuries.

Even today, in modern-day Montenegro, when someone says "Ivan the Lord", everyone knows you're referring to Ivan Crnojević, the most significant figure in the history of medieval Zeta and present-day Montenegro.

The medieval population of Zeta was a mixture of Illyrians, the indigenous people of the Balkans, Vlachs, Celts, and Slavs. In the 15th century, in this small state threatened by conquerors from all sides, Ivan Crnojević was born, most likely in the year 1442. Ivan's father, Stefan – also known as Stefanica I Crnojević— was the founder of the Crnojević dynasty and the first independent ruler of Zeta from this dynasty. According to historians, he was of non-Slavic, that is, Illyrian origin. During his reign, Zeta relied heavily on support from the Venetians, in whose city-state Stefan was known as "the magnificent." Ivan’s mother,

Maria – Mara, was the sister of the Albanian ruler Skanderbeg, from the Kastrioti family. Ivan took power in Zeta in 1465, after the death of his father. The new ruler sought to preserve the state's security and freedom from external attacks by establishing new relations with powerful neighbours. After a conflict with the Venetians over Kotor (during which a bounty of 10,000 ducats was placed on his head), Ivan, with the mediation of his uncle, Gjergj Kastrioti (Skanderbeg), strengthened ties with Venice – remaining in a vassal relationship. In 1471, he agreed to pay an annual tribute (harač) to the Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed II the Conqueror—the most powerful ruler in Ottoman history. However, this payment ceased in 1474 after Ivan aided in the defense of Shkodra against the Ottomans. In 1469, through his marriage to Mara Vukčić Kosača, daughter of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian nobleman

Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, Ivan secured protection against potential threats from that region. And on the domestic front, Ivan does everything to preserve the integrity and strengthen his rule in the country that his father left him as an inheritance. He continues to build the state, constructs Obod – the town of Rijeka (there, in Obod, later in 1493, Ivan’s son Đurađ will found the first printing house among the South Slavs and the first state printing house in the world) and fortifies his capital, Žabljak on Lake Skadar. However, after persistent efforts, the Turks conquer Skadar in 1478, then Žabljak and Zeta, forcing Ivan to take refuge in Italy, from where he returns in 1481 and immediately resumes the fight for the liberation of Zeta. For his new capital, he chooses Cetinje, a settlement in a hard-to-access karst field beneath Lovćen, which until then was mostly inhabited by Vlachs. There, in 1482, Ivan builds his court and erects a monastery (dedicated to the Mother of God) which also becomes the seat of the Zeta Metropolis, while Old Montenegro, which Ivan Crnojević rules completely autonomously, is settled by the majority of the Zeta people, the modern Montenegrins. Ivan Crnojević, lord of Zeta and Montenegro, died in 1490. He was buried in his Cetinje. Historians note about Ivan Crnojević’s rule: “He began his political career as a determined ruler, a statesman who wished to continue the work started by his father and create a military-political organization capable of offering maximum resistance to the conqueror and securing his place under the sun “ 1 Spiridon Gopčević wrote in 1877: “What Marko Kraljević is to the Serbs, Hunyadi to the Hungarians, Kastrioti to the Albanians, Stephen the Great to the Romanians, and Alexander Nevsky to the Russians, that is Ivan Crnojević to the Montenegrins...“ 2

Much has been written about Ivan Crnojević, but about the ruler who personifies an entire people, not enough (and this text is only a hint). Montenegrins still preserve the memory of their lord through numerous toponyms (over 80), folk songs (such as “At Ivan the Lord’s”), legends, oral tradition, and storytelling. The Montenegrin Orthodox Church celebrates Ivan Crnojević on July 4th as Saint Ivan the Righteous.

1 Dragoje Živković: Vrijeme Ivana Crnojevića (The Era of Ivan Crnojević)

2 Crna Gora i Crnogorci, CID, Podgorica, 2008. (Montenegro and Montenegrins, CID, Podgorica, 2008)

Author: David Popović, an expert in foreign and diplomatic affairs

Photo: Wikipedia

Montenegro

- 2025 -

Valentino Siesto, founder of the brand „Valentino Siesto Premium Cigars”

Passion Rolled into Smoke

From Jewels to Cigars: How Valentino Siesto Is Redefining Luxury One Blend at a Time

In the realm of refined lifestyle, where tradition intertwines with sophistication, few brands exude authenticity and passion quite like Valentino Siesto Premium Cigars. Behind this prestigious name stands Mr. Valentino Siesto – a former jewelry designer and a true cigar culture enthusiast, who turned his love for this noble craft into a brand that today symbolizes exceptional handcraftsmanship, carefully selected tobacco, and uncompromising quality. In an interview for our magazine, Valentino Siesto reveals how his first encounter with cigars in the Dominican Republic led to the founding of his own factory in Tamboril, how he blends traditional production methods with a modern luxury approach, and why he sees the Balkan region as a key focus of his future development.

Mr. Siesto, you entered the world of luxury cigars as an enthusiast, and today your name stands behind a brand that symbolizes sophistication and premium quality. What inspired you to dedicate yourself to the production of luxury cigars, and what was the defining moment that sparked the creation of the Valentino Siesto brand? My journey into luxury cigars began when I moved to the Dominican Republic around 2000. Initially not a smoker, I became captivated by the culture, rituals, and flavors surrounding cigars. The defining moment came around 2006 after visiting cigar factories in Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic. Inspired by these experiences, I decided to create unique blends reflective of my palate and passion. This led me to establish our own factory in Tamboril in 2014, launching the Valentino Siesto Cigars brand to offer cigars distinguished by their exceptional quality and unique character.

VALENTINO SIESTO founder of the brand „Valentino Siesto Premium Cigars”

THE DEFINING MOMENT CAME AROUND 2006 AFTER VISITING CIGAR FACTORIES IN NICARAGUA AND THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. INSPIRED BY THESE EXPERIENCES, I DECIDED TO CREATE UNIQUE BLENDS REFLECTIVE OF MY PALATE AND PASSION.

Your collection includes prestigious blends such as Habano, Maduro, Connecticut, and many others, while Valentino Siesto cigars are renowned for their impeccable handcraftsmanship. How does the production process unfold? Can you walk us through the selection of tobacco and the artistry of rolling that makes each cigar a unique masterpiece?

Our cigars are renowned for their meticulous craftsmanship and aged tobaccos, often matured for at least five years, which enhances their flavors while ensuring smoothness. My master blender and I meticulously oversee every stage—from selecting exceptional aged leaves to the careful, artisanal hand-rolling process. Each blend and format is tailored individually, making each cigar a masterpiece in its own right.

Your brand stands out for its deep respect for traditional hand-rolled cigar craftsmanship, yet it also

embraces a modern approach to luxury and branding. In a world increasingly driven by technology and automation, how do you strike a balance between preserving classic artisanal techniques and introducing innovation into the production process?

We remain deeply committed to traditional cigar-making techniques, emphasizing artisanal production and long-term aging processes. Simultaneously, my past as a jewelry designer greatly influences our modern approach to branding and packaging, allowing us to present traditional products innovatively.

The luxury cigar industry faces various challenges, ranging from regulatory pressures to shifting consumer habits. How do you respond to these challenges?

The luxury cigar industry faces numerous regulatory and market-driven challenges. We tackle these proactively, focusing on

OUR CIGARS ARE RENOWNED FOR THEIR METICULOUS CRAFTSMANSHIP AND AGED TOBACCOS, OFTEN MATURED FOR AT LEAST FIVE YEARS, WHICH ENHANCES THEIR FLAVORS WHILE ENSURING SMOOTHNESS.

compliance with international standards, maintaining flexibility in production, and leveraging close distributor relationships. Our strategic management, led by CEO Gianluca Berti, ensures we remain agile and responsive, adapting quickly to changes without compromising our premium identity.

The Balkans is a region increasingly recognized for its sophisticated taste and growing cigar culture. Could you tell us more about your decision to invest specifically in this market and what role your key partners, such as CEO Gianluca Berti and Ambassador Aleks Đuretić, play in your strategy?

Our expansion strategy into the Balkans region is deliberate and culturally aware. Recognizing the growing enthusiasm for premium cigars there, we appointed Aleks Djuretic as our ambassador for the region, helping us build personal, meaningful relationships with local cigar aficionados. Additionally, our CEO Gianluca Berti is actively involved in this market expansion and is continuously visiting the Balkans alongside our valued

partners, further strengthening ties and exploring new opportunities. Our goal is to integrate our premium cigars into the unique local cigar culture and exclusive establishments across the Balkans.

Valentino Siesto Cigars is approaching a decade of success. What can cigar enthusiasts and luxury aficionados expect from your brand in the coming years, and how do you envision maintaining your brand's exclusivity and innovation in the luxury cigar market?

Looking forward, our goal is clear: to establish Valentino Siesto Cigars as a globally recognized premium brand, synonymous with quality, exclusivity, and memorable experiences. Our plans include opening additional exclusive cigar lounges, notably in the United States by 2026, and collaborating on special projects like the tribute cigar for boxing legend Roberto "Manos de Piedra Durán". We aim to foster lasting connections within the international cigar community, sharing our passion and craftsmanship widely.

Stevo Đokmarković, professor of restaurant management and sommelier

Every sip of wine tells its own story

From Terroir to Table: How Stevo Đokmarković is Elevating Montenegro’s Wine Culture Through Story, Expertise, and Experience

Some wines speak through tannins, others through terroir – but the best speak through the people who understand them. Montenegro, though small in size, hides powerful stories in its glasses of wine and plates of heritage. These stories, told through flavours and aromas, increasingly have one main narrator – Stevo Đokmarković. A professor of restaurant management, a recognized sommelier, and an F&B manager with experience extending beyond the region, Đokmarković is a man who doesn’t just know wine –he lives it. As co-founder of the organization Tavulin, together with Ivan Đurović, he has united

passion for wine, gastronomic knowledge, and the desire to present Montenegro to the world as it truly is—primal, diverse, and unforgettable. In this interview for our magazine, Đokmarković reveals why wine is far more than a drink, what the smile of satisfaction looks like after a perfect pairing, and why Montenegrin terroir has the potential to become the next star on the world wine stage.

Mr. Đokmarković, you are considered one of the most experienced sommeliers in Montenegro, and you are a welcome guest at numerous domestic and regional wine salons. What makes

the world of wine so special, and where does your interest in sommelier work come from?

My interest in sommelier work – and in wine more broadly –stems from a curiosity about the sensory experience and the cultural dimension of wine. I realized this as a hospitality (restaurant management) student. I was fascinated by the complexity of flavours and aromas, and by the ways wine communicates with food. However, it was only later, through hands-on work in restaurants, that I truly grasped that “wine-food connection.” My specialization in Italy had a big influence. There I worked with serious hospitality professionals

and sommeliers. Somehow I “felt” the wines there – watching people enjoy each bite of food, each sip of wine… and then the smile. That’s the real magic! When a sip of wine brings a smile to the person drinking it. The world of wine is special because it unites land, climate, tradition, knowledge, and emotion. No wine is the same, no experience repeatable. Wine is a living matter that demands respect, expertise, and empathy – for the producer, the guest, and the very moment in which it’s served. It’s this dynamism and constant need to learn that make this vocation not just a profession, but a way of life. I’ve been fortunate to do what I love.

MONTENEGRO IS A GASTRONOMIC GEM THAT IS STILL WAITING TO BE FULLY RECOGNIZED ON THE GLOBAL STAGE. WE HAVE EXCEPTIONAL LOCAL INGREDIENTS, ANCIENT RECIPES, AND, MOST IMPORTANTLY, PEOPLE WHO NURTURE KNOWLEDGE THROUGH GENERATIONS.

As an F&B manager in restaurants and as a sommelier, every day is a challenge – both with food and with wine.

Together with Mr. Ivan Đurović, you run the organization “Tavulin,” and so far you have hosted dozens of successful Fine & Dine evenings. How did it all begin? “Tavulin“ was born from the desire to create a space where knowledge, experience, and a passion for wine and gastronomy could find a common language. It all started quite spontaneously. Ivan is highly skilled in gastronomy – well-versed in culinary terminology and food processing techniques. Beyond that, he loves and knows wine excellently. Since Ivan and I share similar values when it comes to quality, authenticity, and education, from that shared enthusiasm arose the idea to organize evenings that would be more than just simple foodand-wine pairings. Our “Fine & Dine” evenings are conceived as educational–gastronomic experiences, where every detail has its purpose: from the selection of wines and dishes to the atmosphere, stories, and presentation. So far, we’ve organized dozens of such events, each an opportunity to promote various wines – different styles, young wines, and older vintages – from a range of wineries (Old World,

New World). We also promote local wineries because we want to elevate the wine culture in our country. At our events we welcome guests who are wine connoisseurs, guests who love wine, and guests who want to learn how to drink wine – or, as I like to say, how to enjoy wine. That’s why the Tavulin concept is broad: anyone can find their favorite bottle, try a new bite, learn something, and, at the same time, have a great time. We know this because our guests are always smiling throughout the tasting.

Data indicate that over the past ten years there has been a true expansion of small wineries in Montenegro, which means that winemaking has become a very profitable occupation—even for Montenegrin entrepreneurs. In your opinion, how can domestic wine producers improve their competitiveness on the global market?

I’m delighted by the fact that more and more small wineries are investing in quality and identity. This is a clear sign that Montenegro’s wine scene is professionalizing and that local producers are increasingly thinking seriously about market positioning. However, the path to competitiveness on the international stage requires a serious strategic approach. The

first step is consistency in quality – but also a willingness to adopt modern standards, from production technology to visual brand identity. Then comes education: understanding markets, communicating with customers, attending trade fairs, pairing with gastronomy, and collaborating with restaurants and sommeliers. Also, what I consider essential is nurturing authenticity. The global market is saturated with generic wines. Our strength lies in character –in varieties like Vranac, Kratošija, Čubrica, Žižak, Lisica (Lisičina), Krstač… as well as in our microclimates and in the stories behind every bottle.

Montenegro has a rich gastronomic tradition, as well as potential for developing eno-gastronomic tourism. In what ways can we further enhance the value of authentic domestic products and experiences?

Montenegro is a gastronomic gem that is still waiting to be fully recognized on the global stage. We have exceptional local ingredients, ancient recipes, and, most importantly, people who nurture knowledge through generations. My experience, gained through many years working in hospi-

tality, specifically in restaurants, tells me that in order to truly value the authenticity we have, it is necessary to create a sustainable model that will connect tradition with modern tourism. It requires the collaboration of all stakeholders – from small producers and restaurateurs who are, at the same time, the most important link, to tourist organizations and educational institutions. Eno-gastronomic tourism must become a strategic direction. This means creating specialized tours, festivals, educational workshops, as well as developing domestic brands with clearly defined identities. Today’s guest is not seeking luxury at any cost; they seek an experience that has soul. That is my opinion, and I know that Montenegro holds an authentic advantage here. The fundamental and most important thing is that we must know how to wisely and professionally present this, without room for mistakes. Let every next sip be a story in itself!

Damir Moškov, private chef and food blogger

Tradition In A Modern Way

From Boka With Flavor: Damir Moškov’s Culinary Journey Through Memory and Innovation

In a world where life moves faster and meals often become routine, there are people who remind us that cooking is an art and a shared meal is an experience. Damir Moškov, a private chef and author of the food blog "Damir’s Gastrolomies", is exactly that kind of creator. A native of Prčanj, who began his culinary journey with simple recipes, he now passionately explores the depths of Boka's local flavors, blending them with modern techniques and approaches. His cuisine knows no borders but never forgets its roots. In this interview, Damir reveals what it's like to create a gastronomic experience from idea to plate, why he believes in the power of simplicity, and how Montenegro

THESE DAYS, I’M THINKING MORE AND MORE ABOUT LOCAL CUISINE. WITH THE KNOWLEDGE I HAVE NOW, I WANT TO BRING BACK SOME RECIPES, TO REMEMBER FLAVORS FROM MY CHILDHOOD.

can (and should) become a recognizable gastronomic destination on the world map.

Damir, considering that you come from the heart of Boka – from Kotor, or more precisely, Prčanj –how much do your homeland and its flavors shape your culinary creativity?

Well, that's becoming more and more the case, although I have to admit it didn’t start out that way. But I would advise others to fol-

low my path: begin with quick and easy recipes, just to “get your hands going” and gradually build your confidence. Later, when you feel more free, you can try all kinds of recipes. These days, I’m thinking more and more about local cuisine. With the knowledge I have now, I want to bring back some recipes, to remember flavors from my childhood. So, you could say that I’m now at a point in life where my homeland truly influences everything I do and cook.

You run the popular blog “Damir’s Gastrolomies.” How do your recipes come to life? Are they the result of imagination and creative exploration that inspires you daily, or more a product of experience, knowledge, and journeys through different cultures?

The recipes on the blog came about as I was learning to cook and whenever I had enough time to record them. I didn't have any rules or scheduled posts; I simply wanted to slowly create a recipe base for all occasions, a variety of recipes that could inspire readers at any moment. And just think how many recipes I've shared with people via Instagram DMs, who never even visited the blog! Quick ones, unusual ones, the

DAMIR MOŠKOV

Private Chef and Food Blogger

OUR GASTRONOMIC EXPERIENCES ARE BASED ON WHAT WE LOVE TO EXPERIENCE OURSELVES, WHICH MEANS IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT FOOD AND DRINK. EVERYTHING IS INFUSED WITH BEAUTIFUL DETAILS AND CONVEYS A SENSE OF A “DOLCE VITA” EXPERIENCE.

kind that come from a burst of inspiration. Of course, many of them didn’t have exact measurements, so they weren’t quite ready for the blog – but I believe they still helped those who received them.

Your culinary work seems like a blend of tradition and a modern approach, where local ingredients often meet contemporary techniques. What are the biggest challenges in combining the two, and is there a spice you can’t imagine a single dish without? How do you find balance between familiar, inherited flavors and innovation?

This is a great question – it really gets to the heart of my current creative process. The biggest challenge, honestly, is just the lack of time to try out all the ideas! But little by little, one at a time, we tackle them – and that’s how some “new” dishes are created, inspired by old meals or traditional customs. It’s not always about new or modern techniques either. Sometimes, it’s just about thinking more broadly about a particular dish: Can certain ingredients be changed while keeping the essence? Can the texture of an ingredient be altered to surprise?

I think that inherited taste is very important, but the trick lies in finding different ways to achieve that same flavour. Or maybe to surpass expectations and create something new, a version of the dish 2.0. We chefs like to push the boundaries of a dish so that tasters feel the need to say, 'Hey, this is something different,' but that this 'new' flavor is immediately enjoyable and pleasant to them.

You work at the St. Nicholas monastery complex in Prčanj, where special Wine & Dine evenings are often organized. Since you also have experience in event planning, what does it look like when Damir Moškov designs and organizes a gastronomic experience from scratch?

Yes, there is a collaboration with the St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in Prčanj, which practically combines my profession in event organization, the services provided by my marketing agency M2Communications Montenegro, with my passion and a sort of calling as a private chef. Just like in event organization, I like to provide a comprehensive service when it comes to gastronomic experiences. Above all, I enjoy beauty. Beauty can be simple and minimalistic, or it can consist of multiple layers that seamlessly flow into one another to create a unique experience. In fact, even within our agency, the word "experience" has largely replaced the word "event." An experience is something that lasts longer, something guests live through and that leaves a deeper impression. Our gastronomic experiences are based on what we love to experience ourselves, which means it’s not just about food and drink. Everything is infused with beautiful details and conveys a sense of a “dolce vita” experience. From the location itself, which is magical – the historic building that enchants – to the details of the setup that we constantly rethink, from the choice of glasses and plates, to the guests’ arrival and our approach to making everyone feel immediately comfortable, and finally to the gastronomic delight we prepare for weeks in advance. I strive to present menus unpretentiously, to draw attention to some of the ideas behind the dishes, but to make it all feel simple enough and accessible to the audience.

Gastronomic tourism is becoming increasingly important in promoting destinations. How do you see the role of food in presenting Montenegro to the world?

We currently find ourselves in a somewhat unfavourable position, one that slightly “holds us back” from developing the full potential of a gastronomic offer that would elevate gastro tourism

to a higher level. Actually, one that would put Montenegro on the map as a gastronomic destination at all. To be honest, few local and traditional dishes are served nowadays in restaurants across Montenegro to create a recognizable identity when it comes to gastro tourism. Some micro-locations successfully maintain their gastronomic story and stick to local ingredients and traditional dishes, and those are good examples of which we need more. For gastro tourism, it is not enough that guests can

be sure the ingredients are local and authentic only in mountain huts and villages. Even in tourist cities, places and restaurants need to stand out by doing something truly special, by celebrating where they come from, and by thinking about their cuisine in the way we mentioned at the beginning of the interview – that is, to breathe new life into some traditional dishes and make them popular again. Only then will we be able to say that guests come to Montenegro because of gastro tourism.

A Celebration Of Cigar Culture

Honoring craft, culture, and connection in the heart of Montenegro

Lighting up luxury, one draw at a time

The 5th Montenegro Smoking Weekend took place from June 13 th to 15 th at the elegant Kalamper Hotel, a stylish and modern venue located on the beautiful Montenegrin coast, known for its excellent service and welcoming atmosphere, once again bringing together cigar lovers and lifestyle enthusiasts from the region and beyond.

Upon check-in, guests were welcomed with a Tempus cigar – a Montenegrin creation with a Caribbean spirit – setting the tone for a weekend that blends local character with global cigar culture. The opening evening continued with a relaxed gathering featuring a live performance by the Kino Kultura band and a carefully chosen selection of Plasencia cigars.

Saturday brought a whole new energy – the afternoon masterclass set the tone for a day dedicated to refined taste and unforgettable moments. With a perfect pairing of Monkey Shoulder whisky and Valentino Siesto cigar, guests enjoyed a thoughtfully curated experience that combined education and indulgence in the true spirit of cigar culture.

The highlight of the evening was the Valentino Siesto Gala Dinner, accompanied by the soulful sounds of the Free Cats band

and an exceptional selection of drinks in collaboration with our partner @g3spirits. montenegro. As part of a cherished tradition, each guest received a Puro Connoisseur travel humidor – an elegant and practical gift, presented at the end of the evening, for those who carry their passion with them.

Throughout the weekend, every moment –from the laughter-filled photobooth sessions to candid conversations and vibrant music – was beautifully captured by our long-time partner, MMHUB digital & creative agency Thanks to the creative team at photkaj.me, guests enjoyed the fun and energy of 360° and mirror photobooth experiences, adding another layer of joy and connection to the event.

Sunday concluded the weekend with a relaxed brunch featuring AJ Fernandez cigars, Freixenet sparkling wine, and the lively rhythms of the Cubano Band – a fitting and flavorful finale to a memorable gathering.

We’re deeply grateful to all our partners and collaborators who helped make The 5th Montenegro Smoking Weekend possible. Their support continues to be the foundation of this growing tradition that celebrates quality, community, and the finer things in life.

Source Casa de Puros • Photo: Jonathan Heres

A weekend wrapped in aroma, rhythm, and good company

by Sanya Milo NAPA Restaurant

Where ideas begin – and where I meet myself

My experience at the NAPA restaurant, Porto Palace Hotel, Tivat

When you’ve spent over ten years living in Tivat, you naturally develop the ability to recognise places that genuinely enrich the life of the town. You learn to distinguish between what is fleeting and what truly leaves a mark. I’ve always sought out spaces that speak through their details, their atmosphere, and their flavours. And I found exactly that at the heart of Porto Palace Hotel – at NAPA Restaurant, which has quickly become my safe, inspiring place. Leading a dynamic life, balancing numerous projects, the Women of Influence initiative, motherhood and my own dreams, it is essential for me to have a space where I can return to myself. This restaurant has become one of those rare places where I sit alone, enjoying breakfast and coffee after dropping my son off at kindergarten. It is my small ritual, my quiet moment, my morning meeting with myself. A time when I carefully arrange my thoughts and plan the day ahead, without haste. What immediately won me over was the tranquillity that lives here. The setting is sophisticated yet understated, elegant yet warm. Spacious enough for pleasant gatherings with friends, yet sufficiently discreet for important business meetings where focus and comfort are key. It is a space that invites you to linger, to enjoy, to engage in conversations that truly matter.

FLAVOURS THAT TELL A STORY

As someone who genuinely loves seafood and often opts for lighter Mediterranean cuisine, I was pleasantly surprised when the Head Chef, Nikola Jokanović, encouraged

me to step outside of my usual comfort zone. I tried the lamb terrine and lamb fillet served on semolina gnocchi with truffles – a truly memorable culinary story that completely won me over. This sophisticated combination of traditional Montenegrin flavours and modern gastronomy delivers lamb prepared with exceptional care. The slow-cooked lamb terrine, rich and intense, perfectly complements the tender, succulent lamb fillet, cooked to perfection. The entire dish is thoughtfully served atop semolina gnocchi, enriched with the aroma of black truffles, creating a harmonious blend of textures and the fragrant spirit of Montenegro’s north. Not only did this dish surprise me, but it also reminded me how important it is to occasionally surrender to the chef’s vision and expertise. Although I have long been impressed by the restaurant’s selection of seafood specialities, this time particular praise goes to the prawn bouillon – rich yet light, full of delicate sea aromas that calm you from the very first spoonful. The white carpaccio also left a strong impression – simple yet perfectly balanced, a dish that celebrates freshness and pure taste. One highlight on my personal menu remains the tartare steak – the signature dish of Chef Nikola Jokanović. Prepared in his distinctive style, the tartare was perfectly seasoned and delicately textured, an ideal choice for true meat lovers who appreciate premium ingredients and minimalist presentation.

A WINE STORY THAT TRAVELS THE WORLD

The pleasure of these dishes was further elevated by my visit to the Wine Club – a charming wine corner where I discovered exceptional wines from some of the world’s most prestigious wine regions, with a special focus on selections from Napa Valley.

Sanya Milo

Here, wine is not simply a menu offering – it is a story, an experience, an invitation to truly understand and savour it. Alongside the seafood dishes, the sommelier recommended a Napa Valley Chardonnay, a wine with a rich structure and refreshing character that beautifully complemented the chosen flavours. This was more than just an ordinary wine recommendation – it was a perfect harmony of time, place, and taste that remains with me.

A PLACE FOR MEETINGS – BOTH BUSINESS AND PERSONAL

What I value most about this restaurant is its natural versatility. When I need a serious business meeting – it is peaceful, comfortable, and discreet. When I need time for myself – this is where I enjoy breakfast in silence, gently planning my day. When I want to bring together friends or my fellow women from the Women of Influence network – this space offers more than enough room and warmth for us to savour our time together. There is no rushing here. This is a place where you come to stay, to create, to enjoy without the pressure of time. Whether you are seeking a quiet corner, a

professional setting, or a dinner to remember – you will find your place here.

CUISINE THAT IS LIVED, NOT JUST PREPARED

What truly delights me is the sincerity of this place. Here, luxury is not proven by glitter, but by substance. It is found in carefully crafted dishes, in the professional and genuinely warm staff, in the passion the chef pours into every plate. This is luxury with a soul. The restaurant’s working hours, from 7:30 AM to midnight, make it the perfect setting for various life moments – from morning rituals and business lunches to leisurely wine afternoons and elegant dinners that turn into cherished memories.

AN EXTRA TIP FOR TRUE FOOD LOVERS

For those who genuinely love discovering small culinary surprises, I have a special recommendation: confit duck leg served with roasted carrot, poached quince, and celeriac cream. The duck leg, lovingly prepared in its own fat until perfectly tender, is beautifully complemented by the sweetness of roasted carrot and

the fragrant poached quince. Paired with a rich, velvety celeriac cream, this dish offers an elegant balance of earthy, sweet, and savoury notes – a true hidden gem on the menu.

WHY I ALWAYS RETURN

As the founder of Women of Influence, but above all, as a woman who values peace, authenticity, and subtle luxury – I have found my place here. I don’t come here simply to eat – I come here to truly be present. To be with myself, to spend time with those I cherish, to enjoy the small luxuries that everyday life often forgets to offer. Whether I come alone, with friends, or with business partners – this is a space that naturally adapts to me, my needs, and my rhythm. A comfortable setting, plenty of room, impeccable service, and a menu that will satisfy even the most refined palates. Tivat is growing, evolving, opening new doors. And I am grateful that among those doors, this one now stands open – my corner, my haven, my daily retreat of taste and tranquillity by the sea

e-mail: info@portopalace.me telephone: +382 67 198 430

Photo: Risto

Velimirovich Heritage Winery

Over Three Centuries of Passion Poured into a Glass of Wine

On the slopes of mountain Garač, just 15 kilometers from Podgorica, the Velimirović family’s grapevines have, for more than three centuries, told a story of dedication, perseverance, and love for the land and wine. Today, thanks to the enthusiasm of renowned Montenegrin lawyer Goran Velimirović and his wife Marijana, this family tradition has been transformed into one of the most captivating wineries in the region – Velimirovich Heritage Winery.

Growing up from a small family craft, the winery has preserved the soul of the past and at the same time stepped into the modern world of winemaking, remaining faithful to quality and authenticity. Though a successful lawyer and long-time judge, Goran has found his true joy in wine – surrounded by family, friends, and nature. His motto, “Happiness is a personal matter and I don’t base it on

money”, reflects the philosophy he applies to every grape, every bottle.

For him, wine is more than just a drink – it is a universal language through which he conveys family values, history, integrity, freedom, and a deep love for the land. Through each drop of wine, Goran proudly shares his life experience, his belief that truth resides in wine, and his conviction that genuine will and dedication always produce top quality.

Velimirovich Heritage Winery now opens its doors to all visitors, curious explorers, and wine lovers who wish to experience an authentic Montenegrin wine story, delight their senses, and discover what it means when centuries of passion are poured into a single glass of nectar. An invitation has been sent to you – come and experience wine that speaks the language of history, family, and genuine joy.

Photo: Velimirovich Winery

Zlatko Glamočak, sculptor

Sculptor of the Divine Comedy of Life

Zlatko Glamočak defies the flux of artistic fashion by sculpting timeless visions that bridge civilizations, epochs, and the soul’s quiet defiance. From the streets of Bar to the halls of the French Academy, his is a journey etched in stone and resistance.

The interlocutor of Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro is an artist whose work and stance do not conform to trends, but rather courageously oppose them. Zlatko Glamočak—a sculptor, thinker, and cultural dissident in the truest sense—has for decades been creating sculptures that not only withstand time but actively shape it. Born in Bar, shaped in France, recognized and awarded at the highest echelons of the European cultural scene, Glamočak doesn’t just build sculptures; he builds bridges—between epochs, between civilizations, between man and his own shadow. In our magazine’s conversation, Glamočak reveals how his path from the Bar high school to the French academy was marked by unexpected twists—a true divine comedy—but also by steadfast dedication to art as an existential act.

Mr. Glamočak, you are considered one of the most important contemporary artists in Montenegro, and beyond. In 2015, the French Academy of Fine Arts (Academie des Beaux Arts) included you among the 25 most important artists (alongside Egon Schiele, Edvard Munch, Pablo Picasso, Van Gogh, Bernard Buffet, Henri Matisse, Alfred Kubin, Vladimir Veličković, Dado Đurić, etc.). How do you perceive your own artistic path – from your youth in Bar to recognition in the highest cultural circles of France?

The Divine Comedy, as I often call my works and exhibitions — life is unpredictable. That was the first thought that came to mind when I received the invitation from the Academy to participate in that conference. Being invited to present my work under the dome of the Academy, in such company, in that place, brought me a smile of very pleasant surprise, and then recognition for my work: that through my activity in the French cultural environment I could stand out so much that my work is displayed at this prestigious institution.

I knew who its members were, and I even personally knew some of them: people who shaped the cultural scene of the second half of the 20th century – Roman Polanski, Georges Bazelitz, Woody Allen, Jean Clair (former director of the Picasso Museum), Giuseppe Penone, Mario Vargas

ONCE, WE MIGHT HAVE MISSED THE ARTIST — YET THE ARTIST WAS NEVER TRULY LOST. TODAY, THERE IS NO CHANCE TO MISS THEM AT ALL, FOR THEY HAVE SIMPLY VANISHED.

Llosa, Vladimir Veličković, Zao Wau Ki (whose paintings reach prices of up to fifty million euros), my professor Cardo Life is truly a parabola, unpredictable. I, from the Bjeliši neighborhood in Bar, a former student of the Bar Gymnasium, found myself under that dome, perhaps sitting right on the chair where some of them once sat. And there, in the oldest academy founded by Cardinal Richelieu, while reflecting on fate, time, and the people who shape it, I recalled his ominous sentence: “In the text of every person, I will find a phrase that will serve me to legally cut off their head.” A sentence that defines the unfreedom of a man living in fear of the willfulness of his ruler often leads me to think that perhaps it was the inspiration for the famous Article 133 of the Criminal Code of former Yugoslavia — the “verbal offense” — a law because of which many ended up in prison, while I avoided it by fleeing to France as a student. And now — the Academy! Yes, life is a Divine Comedy, full of twists and whims — and we often realize this only later. Recently, Željko Vučurević from Cetinje sent me a text from Pobjeda from 1992 entitled Figuration at the

End of the Millennium. It mentioned the French painter Hervé Di Rosa, recently made a French academician — founder of the movements of graffitism and free figuration, along with Basquiat, Keith Haring, and Combas, with whom I exhibited at that and many other exhibitions. He was a favourite of the Šafraci Gallery, which also exhibited Pollock, Rauschenberg, Oldenburg… In the early ’90s, when we exhibited together, he wanted to socialize and exchange works. I showed no interest. A mistake? Maybe. Paths are different. In the end, everyone arrives at some destination. In a splendid conference hall adorned with sculptures of notable figures from French history that observed me from above during a presentation about my work — including reproductions of my pieces — I thought: „Among these towering giants, I do not stand out of place“. My eyes sought Academician Brigitte Terziev, and I was not wrong to trust when she wrote: “From the second half of the twentieth century onward, French culture blossomed with the presence of extraordinary artists like Dado and Veličković. Zlatko Glamočak belongs to this creative lineage from

Eastern Europe, bearing the gift of colossal expressionism. As both sculptor and scholar, I declare that Glamočak’s sculptures resonate with strength and a singular voice in the world of sculpture.” The late Mladen Lompar once confided that he had known her brother — a legend whose name shines bright in French theatre. With several French academicians, I’ve forged close bonds — they visited me, wrote of me. Among them, a Sorbonne Professor Emeritus from the famed Sutu family, who penned the foreword to my wife’s book on energy geopolitics; Veličković; Claude Abeille, former president of the Academy; Brigitte Terziev, sculptor; and my mentor, Professor Cardot. Veličković and Abeille wrote of my work, and offered glowing letters to the Montenegrin Academy — yet I was not counted among its “greatest figurative artists,” despite such elevated voices affirming that very merit. But the French Academy — it leaves space for an alternative history. And so, I found myself among these giants. Among the many conferences I recall, one stands apart: “Great Sculptors Today,” held in the Museum of Fine Arts in Lyon — an institution founded just seven years after the Louvre. There, I was honored to stand beside Academician Ousmane Sow, known to many as the “Black Michelangelo.” His anatomical warriors had once embodied France on the grand stages of the Venice

ZLATKO GLAMOČAK AND DADO ĐURIĆ

Biennale in 1995 and Documents in Kassel in 1993. In 1999, his sculptures were exhibited on the bridge across from the Academy — attracting three million visitors to witness them.

They were later shown at the Whitney Museum in New York. Interestingly, Sow was a physiotherapist by profession. After retiring, he left France and returned to Africa. He was discovered as an artist by Leni Riefenstahl, the photographer known for her work for Hitler — a fact that is often deliberately overlooked today. Yet another testament to the Divine Comedy of life.

As the curator of the Corps à corps exhibition, recognized as one of the most significant cultural events in France, you succeeded in initiating a dialogue about the body and the figure in contemporary art. What memories do you associate with that event?

Nevertheless, the Body to Body exhibition remains, even today, after so many years, a shining moment that is still spoken of. Art Press magazine, one of the most prestigious in the field, compared it to the most monumental figurative

Tošković is a tale in himself — a living incarnation of defiance and individuality. A provocateur who enters a TV studio with utmost seriousness— and raises a middle finger. A draftsman who brings to life the traces of warriors and demonic forces. His world was no riddle to me — you don’t need to know him face to face, for this is about spiritual resonance, of blood type. I understood him — by instinct, entirely.

exhibitions of the late 20th century — Identity and Otherness in Venice and Sensation in London. Galleries and museums submitted works by their most renowned artists. For this exhibition, curator Alexie Faure entrusted me with four pieces by Antonio Saura (a painter nearly equal to Picasso), who later became director of the Paris Academy and the Pompidou Center.

An anecdote: the sculpture of Germaine Richier, which we discovered by chance while preparing the exhibition, had been sitting for years in the hallway of a primary school in the suburbs of Paris. The cleaning staff would hang wet rags on it to dry! Naturally, it was included in the Body to Body exhibition, and later, the very same sculpture became part of a retrospective of this sculptor at the Pompidou Center.

With your sculpture, you gave lasting form to the spirit and legacy of Uroš Tošković — the famed artistic eccentric from Bar, whose soul was as fierce as his brush. How did you approach this task, and did this piece carry a special meaning for you?

One image has stayed with me: naked, stripped bare, with a cloth around his waist — like a messiah. The veins stood out on his flayed body like those of Saint Bartholomew; his own skin a burden. On his feet, boots two sizes too big, dragging one behind him — like a child. I came across that very photograph, six months into the work. I placed his monument on a wooden raft — the raft of a survivor — positioned diagonally, so that it faces the imprint of his own middle finger. That middle finger stands in contrast to Caesar’s thumb. Caesar came from humble origins, just like Tošković. Yet his Thumb sculpture is the most famous in art history — cast in gold, the embodiment of economic opulence. Tošković, on the other hand, gazes at his own middle finger — a universal gesture of rebellion. Claude Abeille, the aforementioned sculptor and former president of the French Academy, came to my studio to see the monument in progress. He offered a few suggestions. Before the unveiling, he sent me a letter ending with the words: "For me, it was a pleasure to analyze with you the challenges and joys of the monument's scenography — which you execute so well that I was even astonished by its quality and the boldness of its expression." I was moved by that respectful and collegial gesture. In this monument, I insisted on an esoteric dimension. In my view, Dimitrije Popović’s Fountain in Cetinje and Pavle Pejović’s Obelisk also belong to this rare artistic category in Montenegro.

In the era of digital art and conceptual practices, where do you see the place of classical sculpture, especially figurative sculpture? No, the scene is mournful. Historian Eric Hobsbawm, in his book The End of Culture, declared that contemporary art has lost its soul and turned into mere spectacle. Marina Abramović ? Her own brother calls her a “variety artist”

of today’s circus. Everyone blends into one another — and no one knows who anyone is anymore. Voltaire once said, “If you are great, a greatness just as vast stands behind you.” Behind Dado stood Daniel Cordier, the collector, who welcomed France’s president Macron at his deathbed. Voltaire is gone; Cordier has left us too. As Karl Kraus proclaimed: “When culture’s sun dips low on the horizon, dwarfs stretch their shadows long.” Today, those “dwarf shadows” are longer than ever before. The diagnosis of the illness of contemporary art was given by Jean Clair in his book The Winter of Culture. Moreover, following the last Venice Biennale, Le Monde published an article with the sharply precise headline: “It is not enough to cut off your ear to be Van Gogh!” The article offers a harsh critique of the culture of plagiarism and directly connects to Jean Baudrillard’s polemical essay titled Is All Modern Art Worthless? Sotheby’s, Christie’s, and Artcurial — auction houses in Paris — do not exhibit or sell conceptual and digital works. On the contrary, when works by Duchamp or Marina are “found” in their collections, it is almost considered an incident. In conclusion: Once, we might have missed the artist — yet the artist was never truly lost. Today, there is no chance to miss them at all, for they have simply vanished.

How do you assess the contemporary art scene in Montenegro? Is there room to gain more visibility and recognition of Montenegrin artists in the European and global context?

I am not sufficiently familiar with the art scene in Montenegro. These are young people with perspectives different from mine and my generation’s. However, I fear that many have already been absorbed into the “package deal” — from art to festivals. If that is the case, it is truly a pity. They have aged quickly, skipping their youth, and youth is rebellion — the very essence of art. This is true both for the artist and for art itself, as even the remarkable Marina affirms.

Yet I hold faith in the Divine Comedy, in apocatastasis. I believe humankind is condemned to endure. Perhaps, upon Tošković’s raft of salvation, a few more young rebels will latch on — and stay. And survive. I offer no counsel. I merely watch

Photo: Vladimir Marković, private archive

CLUAUDE ABEILLE VISITS ATELIER TOŠKOVIĆ

Borko Nedović, Riding Instructor and Head of the Equestrian Sports

Club „Budućnost“

Where Children Learn to Gallop Through Life

Inside the “Budućnost” Equestrian Club’s Journey from Riding School to Therapeutic Haven

In the Podgorica neighborhood of Gornja Gorica, within the Plantaže 13. jul estate, there exists a unique place that seamlessly blends sport, therapy, and nature – the Equestrian Sports Club “Budućnost”. Established in 2013, the club has been dedicated to promoting equestrian sports and fostering the timeless partnership between humans and horses, a bond that continues to transform lives, especially those of young individuals.

Borko Nedović, a riding instructor, emphasizes that from its inception, the club has operated with a clear mission—to make equestrian sports accessible to all age groups, particularly children. He believes that interaction with horses offers numerous benefits, both physical and emotional. “Creating healthy habits, spending time in nature, disconnecting from screens and electronic devices, combined with bonding with horses, has an exceptionally positive effect on children's development. Children become calmer, develop empathy, social skills, and a sense of responsibility,” explains Nedović.

Equestrianism, according to Nedović, is not just a sport – it's a discipline that requires synergy between human and animal. "A horse is not a machine. It feels. It recognizes your energy, intention, and even mood. Without respect and mutual trust, no training can succeed," he adds.

Due to this profound connection, the club has been implementing the Hyporehabilitation Program (Equine-Assisted Therapy Program) since its inception – a unique form of therapy using horses, designed for children

and youth with developmental disorders. "Equine-assisted therapy is much more than just treatment – it's a multidisciplinary approach combining special education, speech therapy, physiotherapy, and equestrian sports. The horse serves as a therapeutic tool helping children with autism, cerebral palsy, developmental delays, and emotional difficulties," says Nedović, adding that to date, hundreds

of children have participated in this program, with over 4,000 therapy sessions and numerous inclusive workshops conducted.

In addition to riding, the club offers a basic riding school with 25 lessons for beginners, along with the possibility of advanced courses and specialized training sessions. Great emphasis is placed not only on techniques but also on daily contact with the

horse – from grooming and saddling to spending time together in the field. "Training doesn't end when you dismount. It continues through daily care, fostering responsibility, perseverance, and emotional maturity in children"

Interestingly, riding at the club isn't reserved solely for the youngest – there's no age limit. "We even have recreational riders in their sixties. This is a sport where one doesn't age but matures alongside nature and the animal," concludes Nedović. In the era of digitalization, sedentary lifestyles, and increasing physical inactivity among youth, the "Budućnost" Equestrian Club has become a sanctuary for health and balance. "Our goal is not just to teach someone to ride, but to develop character, self-confidence, and an awareness of the value of life in nature and harmony with animals," says Borko Nedović.

Through numerous projects and collaborations with institutions, non-governmental organizations, and ministries, the club has grown into a significant social actor that bridges sports, rehabilitation, and inclusion. They have initiated projects such as "Uz tebe sam, nisi sam" ("I'm with you, you're not alone"), "Na leđima Pegaza" ("On the back of Pegasus"), and "Ruka ruci" ("Hand in hand"), as well as community events like "Novogodišnja čarolija" ("New Year's Magic") and "Praznična bajka" ("Holiday Fairy Tale").

In conclusion, Nedović says: "The horse is a noble being. Its strength, beauty, and wisdom teach us values we often forget. That's why I believe that through riding, children learn not just a sport – but life itself."

BORKO NEDOVIĆ

Riding Instructor and Head of the Equestrian Sports Club „Budućnost“