Magnolia Grandiflora Seed Pod

Magnolia Grandiflora Seed Pod

Magnoliaceae

Date 2021 Origin Jan Smuts House, Irene Size 125mm x 39mm x 37mm Acquired Memory fails From Mr. P. Coetzer Price Gift

Besides being frequently on the Western Front, he took part in an early attempt to make peace with Austria in 1917. His advice on the campaign against the Turks in Palestine led to victory in those parts. Already he had conceived the idea of founding the League of Nations, and he paid a visit for the Allied authorities to Hungary during the 1918 revolution. After attending the Peace Conference at Versailles in 1919, Smuts returned to South Africa to become Prime Minister, following the death of General Louis Botha. He found himself weighed down with post-war problems and, although he won the 1920 election, his severity during the 1922 Rand Revolt ultimately led to his defeat at the hands of General Hertzog. Outside politics he wrote an important philosophical work, Holism and Evolution, in 1926. In 1930 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society and the following year Rector of St. Andrews University. For nine years he was leader of the Opposition, until the Gold Standard Crisis of 1933 led to the reunion of

the parties and to his acceptance of office under Hertzog. Smuts was Deputy Prime Minister until 1939. Upon the outbreak of World War II he again became Prime Minister. As intimate collaborator of Winston Churchill and others his role in this struggle was almost greater than during World War I. At the same time he had to deal with many internal difficulties. One of his major achievements was drafting the Covenant of the United Nations. He received the greatest honours both in Europe and the United States. In 1948 he was defeated in the General Election. He continued his political activities until his death in 1950” (Rosenthal 1967:504-505).

Agriculture

“Agriculture. There are approximately 120,000 White-owned farms and small holdings in the Republic of South Africa, covering about 220,000,000 acres. Of these 43,000 farms are in the Cape, 38,000 in the Transvaal, 25,000 in the Orange Free State and 12,000 in Natal. The largest group of farms—16,500—averages between 600 and 1,000 acres, the second largest—16,400—between 200 and 500. About 12,000 are between 1,000 and 1,500 acres and 10,000 are small holdings under 10 acres. There are roughly equal numbers—around 8,500—of farms in the 40 to 100 acre and the 1,500 to 2,000 acre categories. Next come 6000 farms between 10 and 20 acres, 5,700 of 500 to 600 acres and slightly fewer between 20 and 40 acres. The total area under cultivation is estimated at 20,000,000 acres.

Maize (mealies) is the largest crop in the Republic, production in a good year reaching 34,000,000 bags (equal to about 50,000,000 bushels) and the are planted close on 8,000,000 acres. The largest production comes from the Transvaal closely followed by the Orange Free State; these surpass the Cape Province almost threefold and Natal almost fivefold…” (Rosenthal 1967:11-12).