Commemorative Cup, Jhb Jubilee

Commemorative Cup, Johannesburg Jubilee 1886–1936

Date 1936 Origin Maddock, England Size 92mm x 74mm x 74mm Acquired Memory Fails From Collectors Treasury, Jhb Price Memory Fails

devoted to open spaces and parks. The streets cover 1,090 miles, Transport is maintained by motor buses and trolley-buses, the last tramcars being scrapped in 1961. The net municipal income of the Johannesburg municipality for the year ending 1960 was about £26,000,000. Apart from the gold mines, which still employ a major part of the city’s activities, Johannesburg is by far the largest manufacturing centre in South Africa, and account for more than half the bank clearings. Its industries include engineering, brewing, flour milling, clothing and chemicals. It is one of the principal education centres of South Africa, with numerous institutions, including an Art School and a Technical College. The total number of motor vehicles in the city today is approaching 200,000. Owing to the grave congestion of traffic, a series of bridges has been built over the city, and preparations made for skyways and other trunk routes. The new main railway station has been under construction for ten years, and is expected to cost over £10,000,000. The municipal valuation exceeds £510,000,000 and there are over 30,000 municipal employees, about 9,000 being Whites” (Rosenthal 1967:272-273).

Trade

“Trade. South Africa’s largest single export is gold, most of which finds its way to the London Bullion Market and thence to the treas-

uries at Fort Knox, U.S.A., and other financial centres of the world. Diamonds, too, mainly go to Britain before being cut, the ‘sights’ to the trade being arranged at Hatton Garden, but the largest ultimate purchaser is the United States. India and the Continent of Europe are also valuable customers. Cutting is carried out in the Netherlands, America, Israel, and to some extent in the Republic itself.

The major purchaser of South African wool is the United Kingdom, though, owing to the vast re-exports from that country, it is not easy to determine the exact consumption by the U.S.A., Western Germany, France, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Switzerland, Italy, Russia and most other states possessing textile industries. Coal is shipped to South America, the Middle and Far East, and copper, tin, asbestos, chrome, etc., to Europe and the U.S.A. Grain and sugar to to the United Kingdom as well as the Continent, while France and the U.S.A. have a traditional liking for South African crayfish, and canned fish (pilchards, etc.) have secured a large market in Europe and Australia. South Africa is one of the main exporters of fresh fruit, both citrus and deciduous, Britain and the Continent of Europe, notably Scandinavia and Germany, being large consumers. For wines and spirits (brandy and liqueurs) the main outlets are in Britain, Canada and Scandinavia.

Nearly every kind of South African manufactured article enjoys a market in Rhodesia, and to a lesser extent in Mozambique and elsewhere in many parts of the African continent. A demand has also developed in other parts of the world, as illustrated by the export of Rand-built lifts to Peru, of Cape Town-made men’s suits to the U.S.A., and of the remarkable scientific instrument known as the Tellurometer, invented and developed in South Africa, to America and many other places.

In the field of imports, though many of these, particularly textiles, have declined owing to the growth of locally owned and operated works Britain still holds her own, with Japan, Italy, the U.S.A., Germany, Canada, France, Italy and several other countries, recent entrants in the ranks being Australia and Japan. Though South Africa herself already figures as an exporter of machinery and parts, she continues to import substantially from Britain, the U.S.A, France, Western Germany, Italy and many other countries.

Since 1955 the trade figures for South-West Africa have been merged in those of the Union (now the Republic), yet it is still possible to indicate the main trends there. The largest export is diamond, followed by karakul skins, wool and meat, dairy products and hides. Base metals (lead, copper and zinc) are mostly from the Tsumeb workings, with manganese also a substantial item. Exports from Zambia are dominated by copper, zinc and cobalt; those from Rhodesia by