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A Yale professor speaks about how he uncovered the identity of the author of an 1858 memoir. | Page 3

Troy Sherman ’18 discusses folk music with Prof.

Emeritus Richard Polenberg, history. | Page 8

Women’s soccer hold onto third place in the Ivy League after this weekend’s win at Yale. | Page 16

Garrett:College Endowment Bill ‘Misconceived’ Drafted by Rep.Reed, proposed bill would require colleges to allocate part of endowment to financial aid

By TALIA JUBAS Sun Senior Writer

President Elizabeth Garrett called a bill proposed in Congress in September that would require schools to use a part of their endowments for financial aid “misconceived,” Bloomberg Businessweek reported.

The bill, which is set to be filed this month, would require institutions of higher education with endowments larger than $1 billion to distribute some of that money in the form of need-based scholarships in order to maintain their tax-free status, according to the Bloomberg article.

Representative Tom Reed (R-N.Y.), who serves the 23rd district — which includes Ithaca — drafted the bill in order

the goals they have in to “make college education more affordable for “I care about ensuring [that] anyone with the desire mind,” Garrett said durmiddle class families,” to educate themselves can receive a fair chance at ing her interview with Bloomberg. according to an article in making that happen without being prevented The Lansing Star, writJoel Malina, vice presbecause of the cost.” ten by the congressman’s ident for university relaoffice. tions, said that a univerTom Reed (R-N.Y.) “I care about ensuring sity’s endowment is “not [that] anyone with the an unrestricted resource desire to educate themselves can receive a fair chance at to tap for current-day needs, but instead is a binding commitmaking that happen without being prevented because of the ment that extends in two very important directions.” cost,” Reed said in the article.

“Taxing or otherwise tapping into an endowment’s prinAlthough those who support the legislation have “their See ENDOWMENT page 4 hearts in the right place … their methods won’t succeed for

Friends of Jones’15, Singer Carly Rae Jepsen Forensic Pathologist To Perform in Barton Testify in Cayea Trial Canadian‘Call Me Maybe’ pop star scheduled to take stage on Nov.1

By PAULINA GLASS Sun Assistant News Editor

With testimony underway for the murder trial of Benjamin Cayea, which began Friday morning, Glenna Dunaway, Shannon Jones’s ’15 psychotherapist, brought to light numerous incidents of violence between Cayea and Jones.

Dunaway said Jones had spoken to her about multiple altercations, including a May 2014 incident where Jones said Cayea choked her, according to The Ithaca Journal. Additionally, James Terzian, a forensic pathologist, testified that Jones’ death was a homicide, according to The Ithaca Voice.

Cayea is on trial for the second degree murder of Jones last November. In the opening arguments, the defense said there “was no question” that Cayea caused Jones’ death by asphyxiation in her Cayuga See CAYEA page 4

By GABRIELLA LEE Sun News Editor

Carly Rae Jepsen — the Canadian pop singer who rose to fame with her viral song sensation “Call Me Maybe” in 2012 — will perform at Barton Hall on Nov. 1, according to the Cornell Concert Commission.

Known for her catchy and infectious pop songs, Jepsen released her third album Emotion, which Rolling Stone described as “a compelling, vaguely retro, synth-bathed record,” in North America in August.

“Cornell Concert Commission is thrilled to bring Carly Rae Jepsen to Barton Hall,” said Ryan Enderby ’16,

Have a heart

executive director of the Cornell Concert Commission.

“Far from a one-hit-wonder, Jepsen recently released her third album, Emotion,” Enderby said. “The album garnered considerable critical praise and produced ‘I Really Like You,’ a single almost as popular as the ubiquitous ‘Call Me Maybe.’”

While concert-goers will be sure to hear Jepsen’s energetic pop tunes, they will also hear her perform songs from Emotion, which express a more intimate side of Jepsen, according to a Cornell Concert Commission press release.

In addition to Jepsen, the concert

COURTESY OF 604 RECORDS

I really like you | Canadian pop star Carly Rae Jepsen is slated to perform in Barton Hall on Nov. 1, the Cornell Concert Commission has announced.

will feature “a special guest” that will be announced at a later time, according to the release.

Tickets will be available on the Cornell Concerts website starting at 9 a.m. on Thursday for students and on Friday for the general public.

Gabriella Lee can be reached at glee@cornellsun.com.

David Skorton Formally Installed As13th Smithsonian Secretary

By PAULINA GLASS Sun Assistant News Editor

SAMANTHA BRIGGS / SUN ASSISTANT DESIGN EDITOR

Valerie Hu ’16 and Sara Chau ’16 of the Alpha Chi Omega women’s fraternity table on Ho Plaza Monday afternoon to raise awareness and funds for Domestic Violence Awareness Month.

President Emeritus David Skorton was officially installed as the Smithsonian Institution’s 13th secretary in a ceremony Monday afternoon.

The ceremony, livestreamed on the Smithsonian’s website, marks the official beginning of his role as secretary, though he

assumed his duties on July 1.

Though freshly minted in his role, Skorton has already begun to make waves with comments he made in relation to the public perception of the Smithsonian, particularly that he does not appreciate when people refer to it as “The Nation’s Attic,” according to The Associated Press.

“I think about an attic as somewhere that you sort of put stuff that you used to be interested in and might be interested in again someday. You don’t know for sure,” Skorton said, according to The Associated Press. “The Smithsonian, I’ve learned, is much more dynamic than that.”

See SKORTON page 5

2 THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

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Professional Clothing Giveaway 11 - 2 p.m., 700 Clark Hall School of Hotel Administration Career Day 1:30 - 5:30 p.m., Statler Ballroom

“An Ithacan Autumn”

Forgotten Paths of Empire 3:30 - 5 p.m., 700 Clark Hall When a Symmetry Breaks 4 - 5 p.m., Schwartz Auditorium, Rockefeller Hall Relax for Success: Make Better Use of Your Time by Recharging 4:30 - 5:30 p.m., Fifth Floor Lounge, Willard Straight Hall

Tomorrow Mapuche History and the Struggle for Land In the 19th and 20th Centuries 10:10 - 11:25 a.m., 119 Stimson Hall

~ Californian ’19

Linking Air Pollution Sources to Health: Who’s Doing What to Whom and the Power of Derivative 4 - 5 p.m., B11 Kimball Hall In Manchuria: A Village Called Wasteland And the Transformation of Rural China 4:30 - 6 p.m, G64 Goldwin Smith Hall Gotham Underfoot: Urban Archaeologies of New York City 5:15 p.m., Milstein Hall

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PUPIL POETRY cornellians write verse Students may send poetry submissions to news-editor@cornellsun.com.

THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015 3

NEWS

Yale Prof Presents Research on1858 Memoir

University

Caleb Smith speaks about discovery, mystery behind 19th century prisoner’s autobiography

By SAMANTHA ACRICHE

Valerie Reyna Elected To National Academy Of Medicine Prof. Valerie Reyna, human development, is one of 80 new members of the National Academy of Medicine — an organization of health professionals that advises the nation on issues in health policy, according to the University.

Members are elected based upon achievements in the field of medicine and commitment to public health care, according to the NAM. Reyna is the director of Cornell’s Human Neuroscience Institute and codirector of Cornell’s MRI Facility and Center for Behavioral Economics and Decision Research.

Cornell Gains Access Yo New Historical Archives Cornell will gain access this year to the USC Shoah Foundation Visual History Archives — which contains over 50,000 testimonies from survivors of the Holocaust, Rwandan genocide, Nanjing massacre and Armenian genocide — according to a University release. Cornell students, staff and alumni will be able to access the archive online via the Cornell University Library, according to the release. The University will host a talk on Nov. 3 by Philip Gourevitch ’86, an expert in the Rwandan genocide, to commemorate the archive’s creation.

NIH Honors Professors The National Institutes of Health awarded three Cornell assistant professors New Innovator Awards — which provide more than five years of funding for health-related research — yesterday, according to a University press release.

Prof. Melissa Warden, neurobiology and behavior, Prof. Jesse Goldberg, neurobiology and behavior and Prof. Matthew Paszek ’02, chemical and biological engineering, were recognized. Thirty-eight other scientists, including Cornell alumnus James Munro Ph.D. ’10, also received awards, according to the release.

Sun Staff Writer

Prof. Caleb Smith, English and American Studies, Yale University, presented his research on the process of uncovering the identity and story of Rob Reed, the author of an 1858 memoir that has intrigued scholars ever since its discovery. The autobiography provides a rare look into the life in 19th century American prisons for an African American man.

Smith discovered in 2013 that Austin Reed — whose identity became an ongoing mystery after the 2009 discovery of an 1858 memoir by the pseudonym Rob Reed — was born a free man in Rochester, New York, but later became an indentured servant and an inmate of the nation’s first juvenile reformatory. He was also a prisoner at New York’s Auburn State Prison.

Smith said there was initially no record of Rob Reed, which made research into the identity of the author difficult.

“In 2009, I started working with curators and researchers to find out about anything we could about the document and its author,” he said. “We searched New York State prison records but there was no sure sign of any Rob or Robert Reed who could conform to the story we had read.”

The research group turned to New York City’s House of Refuge, and though they could not find a Robert Reed, they found another Reed, which “helped to open up the mystery.”

Smith and his colleagues found two 1895 letters to the superintendent signed by Austin Reed, which solved the mystery.

In his presentation, Smith split Reed’s life into three major parts: his time as an indentured servant, his time in the House of Refuge and as an inmate at Auburn State Prison.

“Early in life, [Reed] had become familiar with the hard facts of poverty, servitude and

of human character,” Smith said. “He became a victim … of torture and grinding cruelty.“ Smith said the book is important because it offers a rare glimpse into 19th century prison life. Reed’s autobiography, titled “The Life and the Adventures of a Haunted Convict,” will be published by Random House in January.

“Thousands of people were locked up in similar institutions but very few would write their own stories,” Smith said. “There was nothing with such literary power, no other memoir by a black writer that could suggest such profound connection between the penal system and the plantation slavery.”

Samantha Acriche can be reached at sachriche@cornellsun.com.

GREG KELLER / SUN STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Locked up | Prof. Caleb Smith, Yale University, presents the life and memoir of Austin Reed — a prisoner, indentured servant and writer — in Goldwin Smith Hall yesterday.

Hip Hop Group Launches Workshop for Beginners

By JOSEPHINE CHU Sun Staff Writer

Dance to Inspire — a program offered by members of BreakFree hip hop for the first time this semester — aims to provide students with an opportunity to improve their dance skills and promote the dance community at Cornell.

DTI, which is open to both dancers and non-dancers, focuses on developing skills and the fundamental aspects of hip hop dance through exercises and tai-

Local Meth Lab Discovered In Groton Tompkins County officers charged four people with thirddegree unlawful manufacture of methamphetamine after an investigation Saturday, according to The Ithaca Journal.

Police and various response teams followed up on a report of a meth lab in Groton, N.Y., where they found lab equipment and chemicals used for meth manufacture, The Journal reported.

—Compiled by Stephanie Yan

punishment,” Smith said. “But he also developed a deep knowledge about gains and power, a feeling for words and images. He knew that the whip in 19th century America was not only a weapon but also an emblem of slavery. He understood that fire was a symbol of insurrection.”

At a young age, Reed was sent to the New York House of Refuge — a juvenile reform school in Manhattan — where it is believed Reed learned to read and write.

After leaving the refuge in 1839, Reed spent most of the next 20 years in New York’s penal institutions.

“He became the object of some of 19th century America’s most elaborate experiments in the punishment of crime and the management

lored choreography, according to Jin Jin Ma ’17, president of BreakFree.

The program is headed by Stacey Kim ’17, a member of BreakFree, who said the team came up with the idea because of the growing number of people who are interested in dance but are not experienced enough to join a team.

“We wanted to develop something that was more personal for each individual dancer and to provide a more in-depth training experience that requires

less commitment than a dance 30 people, which was greater than anticipated, according to team,” Kim said.

According to Kim, the idea Kim. Elena Jiao was discussed ’19, who a m o n g “I really liked how this attended the BreakFree workshop, said members for program enables people about two of all levels to grow and it was an “u p l i f t i n g years, but develop as dancers.” environment” planning for where everyDTI started in Elena Jiao ’19 one was September “encouraging right after fall and judgement-free.” auditions.

“I wanted to learn dance in The workshop launched on Oct. 3 with a turnout of around college but am too inexperienced to join a team, so I really liked how this program enables people of all levels to grow and develop as dancers,” Jiao said.

According to Ma, Dance to Inspire is not only the name of the program but also BreakFree’s motto. He said he hopes the program will help further the group’s goal of building bridges within the dance community.

“What I wish for DTI is for the members of the program to learn how to dance for themselves, to find dance as an avenue for creative self-expression and to inspire others to do the same,” Ma said.

Kim said she hopes the second day of the workshop will have an equally successful turnout as the first one.

Day 2 of DTI is being held this Saturday at 2 p.m. in Willard Straight Hall.

HAEWON HWANG / SUN STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Just dance | BreakFree, a student hip hop group, performs various routines at their showcase last April in Bailey Hall.

Josephine Chu can be reached at jchu@cornellsun.com.

4 THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

Garrett Comes Out Against Reed’s Endowment Bill

NEWS

Body positive

ENDOWMENT

Continued from page 1

cipal investments might satisfy short-term demands — but would also cheat future generations of the educational programs and financial aid that today’s endowments support, and violate state laws that require prudent and careful management of endowment funds,” Malina said.

In a statement responding to Garrett’s critique, Reed asserted that “we understand exactly how endowments work.”

Noting in his statement that university endowments generate billions of dollars in tax-free income, Reed maintained that “it’s only fair that they put some of that profit into lowering, and in many cases removing, all tuition costs of going to college.”

Although Cornell reported a disappointing investment return of 3.4 percent for the year ended June 30, the lowest of the Ivy League schools that have reported their results, its endowment value has reached $6.3 billion, marking a 1.6 percent increase from last year and a record high.

Citing an increase of about $160 million in endowment-supported financial aid between 2009 and 2014, Malina maintains that Cornell is already reducing the economic burden of tuition.

“If you can earn admission to this institution, whatever your economic situation, Cornell is committed to making sure you can take full advantage of an educational experience that will transform your life,” he said.

Talia Jubas can be reached at tjubas@cornellsun.com.

SAMANTHA BRIGGS / SUN ASSISTANT DESIGN EDITOR

Members of Delta Delta Delta run a photo campaign for Fat Talk Free Week, advocating healthy body image on Ho Plaza Monday.

Murder Trial of Benjamin Cayea Continues CAYEA

Continued from page 1

Heights apartment, but urged the jury to focus on “the question of intent.”

Dunaway testified that she had been counseling Jones for two years before her death, according to The Journal.

During those two years, Cayea had also had attended a few sessions with Jones, in which he discussed with her his violent actions and that he was “shocked by his assaulting her.”

“He felt terrible about it,” Dunaway said.

Dunaway further said Cayea was in favor of splitting up after the May 2014 incident, but that they did not stay separated for long. Further testimony revealed that Cayea had moved into Jones’ apartment in October 2014, just a month before her death.

According to The Journal, the jury was then shown images of Jones’ body and video of her apartment as evidence. The 911 dispatcher and several law enforcement officials took the stand to recount the incident.

Additionally, witnesses that knew Jones testified on her behalf, and the court was shown a video of Cayea and investigator Kevin Bowen’s hour-long interview following the murder.

“I lost my shit, and I killed my girlfriend,” Cayea said in the video.

Matthew Van Houten, Cayea’s defense attorney, said immediately following Monday’s proceedings that Cayea would testify on Tuesday, according to The Journal. He also said that Monday’s witnesses did not accurately reflect the narrative.

“There are two sides to every story,” he said. “And while I can’t blame those witnesses for their testimony, they certainly didn’t have both sides of the story.”

Van Houten said he hopes that the jury will see “who Ben [Cayea] is” through Tuesday’s proceedings and testimony. He also said he will call three witnesses to the stand, and that after Tuesday, the trial will be over.

Paulina Glass can be reached at pglass@cornellsun.com.

W W W .

C O R N E L L S U N .

C O M

THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015 5

NEWS

Skorton Installed Crackdown: Amazon Sues to Stop At Smithsonian Phony Reviews of Products on Site SKORTON

Continued from page 1

The Smithsonian Institution includes 20 libraries, the National Zoo, 19 museums and galleries and various centers for research, all which fall under Skorton’s jurisdiction, according to its website. He will also oversee over 6,000 staff members and a $1 billion budget.

Since Skorton took office in July, he has overseen many changes and has already been embroiled in a controversy. In the face of requests to remove an exhibit about comedian Bill Cosby after allegations of rape surfaced, Skorton supported Johnetta Cole’s — the director of the National Museum of African Art — decision to keep the installation.

“As an overriding principle, we “I could read a ... briefing, have to avoid cenbut nothing’s quite the sorship. I am very same as sitting down with much against taking down an exhian eighth grader.” bition once it has Skorton opened,” President Emeritus David Skorton said.

Skorton also oversaw the construction of the National Museum of African American Art and Culture and puts a poem on his door every week.

According to The Associated Press, Skorton has already begun to implement leadership practices he developed at Cornell such as making himself available to the people who are most in touch with the institution. He encourages people to write him and give him feedback on the museums and his performance.

“I could read a 200-page briefing, and it would be very valuable, but nothing’s quite the same as sitting down with an eighth grader and saying, ‘Is this cool? Are you enjoying this? Is it fun? Is it boring?’” Skorton said.

Paulina Glass can be reached at pglass@cornellsun.com.

NEW YORK (AP) — Internet users increasingly rely on online customer reviews when making spending decisions, whether they’re buying an iPhone case on Amazon or hiring an Uber ride in their hometown. But just how much can you trust those reviews?

A new lawsuit in which Amazon accuses more than 1,000 people of offering to post bogus glowing writeups for as little as $5 apiece might give you pause.

The case, filed in Washington state court Friday by the nation’s biggest online retailer, casts light on what appears to be a burgeoning practice: the commissioning of paid, fake reviews that masquerade as testimonials from ordinary people.

Fake reviews are nothing new to online retailing, and Amazon is far from the only big company affected. Yelp’s restaurant reviews and TripAdvisor’s hotel ratings have long been a target of critics who claim that merchants can easily post positive reviews of their own businesses.

Amazon’s legal counteroffensive, however, appears to be one of the most aggressive attempts yet by a major U.S. e-commerce company to fight back.

Its lawsuit alleges that individuals would write fivestar reviews about products they never even tried, and plotted with product makers to subvert Amazon safeguards that are meant to bolster confidence in the website’s reviews.

“Suing the reviewers is a way to discourage them from doing it again,” said Wedbush analyst Michael Pachter. “They’re trying to make a statement that you can rely on the integrity of the reviews on the site.”

There are powerful incentives to plant fraudulent reviews.

About 45 percent of consumers consider product reviews when weighing an online purchase, according to Forrester Research. Two-thirds of shoppers trust consumer opinions online, according to research by Nielsen.

For small businesses, it can be more economical to pay for positive reviews than to buy advertising.

For example, a half-star increase in a restaurant’s

online rating can increase the likelihood of securing, say, a 7 p.m. booking by 15 to 20 percent, said Jenny Sussin, a director at Gartner Research. So a restaurateur might be tempted to pay $250 for 50 positive reviews online in the hopes of raising that rating.

Online sites like Amazon, Yelp and TripAdvisor have worked hard to thwart the planting of fake reviews — a practice sometimes called "astroturfing," a reference to the synthetic grass used on sports fields.

They employ computer algorithms and teams of investigators who scour reviews and delete suspicious entries. Often, only people who have paid for a product or service and been verified can post reviews.

Yelp director of business outreach Darnell Holloway said that when suspicious reviews are found, the company puts a “consumer alert” badge on a company’s Yelp site for 90 days warning consumers that reviews might be deceptive. If the problem persists, Yelp removes all reviews of the company.

Most recently, Yelp deleted all reviews of a business called Movers Alliance after if found the company was pressuring customers to write positive reviews.

TripAdvisor says it has a team of 300 people using fraud detection techniques to weed out fake reviews.

“In the first half of 2015 alone we took action against 29 different optimization companies around the world to put a stop to their activity,” said spokesman Kevin Carter.

But in general, experts say, fraudulent reviews aren’t going away anytime soon. Gartner estimates that 10 to 15 percent of all online reviews are fake.

Legal recourse has been scarce. In 2013, the New York attorney general’s office said it had settled cases with 19 companies and secured $350,000 in penalties for fake reviews.

In April, Amazon sued several websites that offered to produce positive reviews. Now it’s targeting the actual writers of the reviews — in this case, those who have accounts at Fiverr.com, a site for freelancers looking for work.

OPINION

The Corne¬ Daily Sun

Letter to the Editor

Fossil Fuel Divestment

Independent Since 1880 133RD EDITORIAL BOARD TYLER ALICEA ’16 Editor in Chief

EMMA LICHTENSTEIN ’16

ANNIE BUI ’16

SLOANE GRINSPOON ’17

LOUIS LIU ’18

Business Manager

Managing Editor

Associate Editor

Advertising Manager

AMBER CHEN ’16

ANNA FASMAN ’16

Web Editor

Sports Editor

NATALIE TSAY ’18

KIKI LI ’17

Blogs Editor

Multimedia Editor

JAYNE ZUREK ’16

BRITTNEY CHEW ’17

Design Editor

News Photography Editor

MICHAELA BREW ’18

SOFIA HU ’17

Sports Photography Editor

News Editor

GABRIELLA LEE ’16

JAEL GOLDFINE ’17

News Editor

Arts & Entertainment Editor

MIKE SOSNICK ’16

NOAH RANKIN ’16

Arts & Entertainment Editor

Science Editor

EMILY JONES ’18

REBECCA BLAIR ’17

MADELINE COHEN ’18

PAULINA GLASS ’18

PHOEBE KELLER ’18

TROY SHERMAN ’18

Dining Editor

Assistant News Editor

Assistant News Editor

Assistant News Editor

Assistant News Editor

Assistant Arts & Entertainment Editor

ADAM BRONFIN ’18

JOON LEE ’17

Assistant Sports Editor

Assistant Sports Editor

SHANE LEWIS ’18

SAMANTHA BRIGGS ’16

Assistant Sports Editor

Assistant Design Editor

WORKING ON TODAY’S SUN DESIGN DESKERS PHOTO NIGHT EDITOR NEWS DESKERS SPORTS DESKER ARTS DESKER

Samantha Briggs ’16 Brian LaPlaca ’18 Brittney Chew ’18 Madeline Cohen ’18 Paulina Glass ’18 Anna Fasman ’16 Jael Goldfine ’17

Yamini Bhandari | Trustee Viewpoint

Trustee-Council Weekend

T

his week marks the beginning of Trustee-Council Annual Meeting (TCAM), which is an opportunity for members of the Board of Trustees and the University Council to meet and discuss the policies and issues of the University. As a student-elected trustee, I have the chance to sit with University leaders in order to help provide a student perspective to the issues at hand.

One of the exciting roles I get to play this year is hosting various events to get students more connected with trustees. After the events of last year, it has become clear to students and board members alike that it is critical for students to have the chance to speak to members of the Board on issues that impact the campus.

This year’s TCAM weekend will feature “An Evening with the Trustees” on Wednesday from 8 to 9 p.m. in Willard Straight Hall. This event will be a forum where students can submit questions pertaining to any issues on campus that the Board may be relevant to, and have the opportunity to get those questions answered at the event.

The questions to be asked will be selected by the presidents of the Graduate and Professional Student Assembly and the Student Assembly, along with the undergraduate and graduate student-elected trustees. The intent of our selection process will be to find questions that are pertinent to the trustees, while selecting questions that touch on the real, difficult issues.

I see this event as a unique opportunity for students to understand how trustees are looking at these issues. Hopefully, it will also inform the trustees on what issues matter to students. There will be trustees from all different committees so they can speak to a multitude of concerns from financial aid/tuition, health and safety, diversity and inclusion among others.

I see this as a start of an era of greater transparency between students and trustees. As a student trustee, I hope to follow up on the major areas discussed and use the discussions as a springboard to addressing those topics.

In addition to this event, TCAM this year will be featuring opportunities for diverse students to network with Trustees at the annual diversity networking reception. This event will feature trustees and council members who care deeply about the University and are open to connecting with students professionally.

They will be sharing wisdom they acquired through their career and speak to their experiences as active alumni of the university. There will be representatives from various professional areas from business and finance, sciences and technology, non-profit and government to many more. Students interested in learning about different career opportunities and meeting alumni are encouraged to attend.

I look forward to the events this week and am excited about officially starting my role as a student-elected trustee in my first round of Board of Trustee meetings. If anyone in the Cornell community has any questions or concerns, they can feel free to reach out to me via email.

Yamini Bhandari is the undergraduate student-elected trustee. She can be reached a yb94@cornell.edu. Trustee Viewpoint appears on alternate Tuesdays this semester.

derivation of this figure: A comparison of S&P 500 and S&P Energy 500 indices over the years 2004-2013. But this same procedure for the years 2006e write you in your capacity as 2015 yields a $45 million loss to leaders, both of this commu- Cornell’s endowment from our fossilnity and of others: You have fuel investments; this, surely, is the before you, in our five assemblies’ reso- more relevant fact. By our investment lutions, an opportunity and a mandate officials’ methodology, in other words, our endowment would be better off if to lead.

It is plain that we can never truly we had divested from fossil fuels in early lead on the issue of climate change so 2013 –– at the time of the first divestlong as we are invested in and very liter- ment resolution –– or at any time since.

Over that same time period, a growally banking on its intensification.

It is equally plain that a leadership ing number of educational institutions, indifferent to climate change is increas- pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, ingly problematic. Each of the past faith-based organizations and charitable three decades has been the hottest on organizations that command $2.6 trilrecord. Our planet is now warmer than lion have committed to some form of it has been in 250,000 years. Our plan- divestment from fossil fuels. Many of et’s rate of warming is now greater than these funds have outperformed Cornell’s endowment at any time in its for some time now, and four billion year hisas these groups and tory. This warming It is plain that we can others continue to find is highly lethal in its never truly lead on the ways to reconcile their effects and over the financial and ethical medium term “incompatible with issue of climate change so missions, Cornell will any reasonable charlong as we are invested in need to do more to explain why it does not acterization of an organized, equitable and very literally banking do the same.

Financial consideraand civilized global on its intensification. tions, in fact, drove community.” Two many of these organidegrees celsius over It is equally plain that a zations’ decisions to pre-industrial temdivest. We as a planet peratures is the leadership indifferent to will cross that two maximum amount climate change is increas- degrees celsius “safe” of warming any of threshold if we burn the world’s nations ingly problematic. Each of more than a fraction of deem “safe;” we are on track to exceed the past three decades has the world’s fossil fuel reserves. A growing that amount in 35 years. This timeline been the hottest on record. number of financial authorities, including is a function of our leaders of the World continued use of oil, natural gas and coal. It is, in other Bank, International Monetary Fund, words, a choice. This is a crisis, in short, and the Bank of England, warn that that when societies fully recognize this of leadership.

Nowhere do we know all this so thor- fact –– as they eventually must–– fossil oughly and methodically than at fuel valuations will prove to have been a research universities like Cornell. As bubble. We have no indication that our faculty, we teach, and as students, we investment office is preparing for this study climate science, and many of us prospect with any seriousness at all.

This alarms us. Tacit in our investare intimately involved in the underlying research. We ask you to recover ment office’s rejection of our resolutions some relation between our knowledge is a presumption that the future will be and our actions. Our integrity as stu- a lot like the past, that fossil fuels twendents, as researchers, as teachers and as ty years from now will perform someworkers is a main object, a main stake, thing like, or in fact better than, they have lately. We must underscore how of all our resolutions.

Each of Cornell’s four constituent cynical, unjustified, and extreme an assemblies and the faculty senate assumption this is and how strange an strongly endorsed divestment only after assumption this is for an educational extensive and open debate and discus- institution like Cornell to be making. sion. We urge you to do the same, to The full version of this letter has been consider all the arguments, both for and against divestment from fossil fuels. electronically signed by over 500 members Wherever we have, the case for divest- of the Cornell community. ment has won.

You will hear it argued, for example, Prof. Robert Howarth, that divestment poses risks to our ecology and evolutionary biology endowment; throughout this conversaProf. David Shalloway, tion, our financial office has cited $100 molecular biology and genetics million in gains, over the past decade, Jeffrey Bergfalk grad by the investments our resolutions tarEmma Johnston ’16 get. Only lately have we learned the The following is an open letter to President Elizabeth Garrett and the Cornell Board of Trustees:

W

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TO BE A MEMBER OF THE

EDITORIAL WRITING BOARD. EMAIL ASSOCIATE-EDITOR@CORNELLSUN.COM FOR MORE INFORMATION.

THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015 7

OPINION

Michelle Tong | Guest Room

The Conversation We Should Be Having

I

n 1993, my dad left our home in Harbin, China for Blacksburg, Virginia, in order to complete his doctorate at Virginia Tech. My favorite story of his from those first few months in the United States is one about ordering tea at a restaurant.

Colleagues took him out for a meal, and he ordered tea, expecting a small mug of warm and mild liquid. Instead, the waitress brought him a giant plastic cup of southern sweet tea with lots of ice. Even years later, he would laugh with my mom over how Americans loved putting ice in all their drinks.

When Dad came over in 1993, the total number of international students at U.S. universities was around 439,000. In 2013, the Institute of International Education reported a total of 819,644.

Instead of conference workshops on how to pronounce Chinese names (yes, this really happened), the lack of support for the increasing population of international students is the conversation we should be having.

International students encounter some of the same obstacles as domestic students, like lack of financial assistance struggles with psychosocial adjustment, and discrimination. However, internationals may experience those obstacles to a greater degree.

Financially, international students at many universities, including Cornell, are not eligible for financial assistance. In fact, the tuition that internationals do pay essentially subsidizes financial aid for the higherneed domestic students. At the graduate level, government-sponsored funding sources often limit eligibility to U.S. citizen and permanent residents meaning that international graduate students have a smaller pool of money to draw from.

Faculty at Cornell who are interested in welcoming internationals to their labs know this well. Socially, one study has found that female internationals in engineering experience gender discrimination at a much higher rate than domestic females. Gender and racial discrimination are issues that American universities know all too well. Diversity offices on college campuses rightly give voice to underrepresented minorities, but international students are, on the whole, not part of the “diversity programs” rhetoric. With international enrollment increasing 83 percent in 20 years, and no signs of slowing, international students are quickly becoming an underrepresented majority on U.S. campuses.

In the face of these struggles, “improve your English” seems to be the mystical cure-all prescribed by staff, faculty and other students. First, I feel silly having to say this, but gaining native proficiency in English is not a solution to structural problems, like financial aid availability and campus discrimination. Second, research finds that while language proficiency in international students plays a role, the presence of social support is a much stronger predictor of successful psychosocial adjustment to life in the United States. Thus, language support offices are important, but not enough.

International student-specific support offices do exist, but are generally swamped with helping students and scholars navigate the intricacies of work permits, social security applications, tax filing and increasingly complicated visa procedures. These offices are usually unable to address more fundamental issues of discrimination, cultural adjustment and lack of social support. Even so, distracted faculty and busy departments are often guilty of outsourcing all their

international student care to these already burdened offices. This is a huge problem because supporting students, academically and bureaucratically, is almost always a joint effort between multiple administrative offices (the registrar, bursar, college, specific department and so on). Since international support offices are often the only places on campuses that have any knowledge of logistical issues faced by international students, their work is hindered by the oversight or simple ignorance of other offices. So unless awareness of and attention to international student support extends university-wide, international student support offices are not enough.

Upon graduation, international students face other issues. Increased international student enrollment has not been paired with a proportional increase in the quota for H-1B visas in the United States. The H1B visa, requiring sponsorship from an employer, allows foreign nationals to work in the United States and is the next step for international students interested in staying in the United States. Between 2007 and 2012, F-1 student visa issuances saw a 63 percent increase while H-1B visa issuances actually decreased by 12 percent. While international students who want to work in the United States are acutely aware of this weighted lottery, faculty and staff are often ignorant of the process or believe that these things have nothing to do with their roles as educators.

What faculty don’t realize is that present and future visa status greatly influence the educational decisions made by international students. Limited visa durations and arduous renewal processes (that can require the student to return to their home country) can often mean that international graduate students consciously choose not to pursue higher-risk research projects. The problem is that these projects are often seen as more “creative” and this designation can influence where faculty invest their mentorship time, consciously or not. Those who are daring enough to pursue these “creative” projects supposedly possess that coveted quality of intellectual independence when, in fact, they may just not have to worry about deportation. One way for faculty to remedy this is simple: Educate yourselves on the relevant U.S. immigration policy and incorporate discussions of visa timelines into your mentorship. A second way is a little harder: Spend time exploring how policies and institutional structures are creating barriers to innovation in your labs. Then, work to remove them.

International students make major contributions to the academic communities they join, not just in terms of providing “global perspectives,” but also economically and academically. International grad students have higher publication rates and lower graduation times. Researchers have found that just the presence of international doctoral students in science and engineering departments increases graduation rates amongst domestic students in those departments. These students are valuable, contributing members of our communities, so we need to stop treating them like unwanted visitors. As more and more international students walk the quadrangles of our campus, I’m hoping for conversations that go beyond “how do you pronounce your name again?”

Michelle Tong is a graduate student at Cornell..

She can be reached at tt389@cornell.edu. Guest Room appears periodically this semester.

Jake Forken | My Forken Opinion

Partisan Politics In House Committee

A

fter 17 months and $4.5 million, the said. Mr. Cummings used the term to quesHouse Select Committee on Benghazi tion the speed of the committee’s work. still pushes forward. What was origiAt one point, several Republican staff nally designed to investigate the deaths of four members formed a gun-buying club and disAmericans at the U. S. consulate in Benghazi cussed in the committee’s conference room has descended into cross-party allegations of the 9-millimeter Glock handguns they partisanship targeting then-Secretary of State intended to buy and what type of monograms and current presidential candidate Hillary they would inscribe on them, Major Podliska Clinton. The Committee, headed by Trey said.”

Gowdy (R-S.C.), has seemingly staggered And just this past weekend, Elijah E. from one damaging headline to the next over Cummings (D-MD), the Committee’s topthe past two weeks, ultimately undermining ranking Democrat, poked even more holes in the standing of the investigation and lending the investigation of Chairman Gowdy. Earlier credibility to accusations of a partisan witchBy dragging along the investigation at a hunt.

First, Kevin “glacial pace,” the Committee makes McCarthy (Rclear their intention to influence Calif.) was presidential politics in an attempt to forced to withdraw his almost gratify a decades old partisan certain bid to vendetta. replace the resigning John Boehner as this month, Speaker of the House after appearing on Fox Gowdy released a batch of emails from News and declaring, “Everybody thought Clintons’ time as Secretary of State, claiming Hillary Clinton was unbeatable, right? But we that Mrs. Clinton had sent classified informaput together a Benghazi special committee, a tion by way of a naming a Central Intelligence select committee, [and] what are her numbers Agency source. At the time the Chairman today? Her numbers are dropping. Why? said the name of the CIA source, “is some of Because she’s untrustable. But no one would the most protected information in our intellihave known any of that had happened.” gence community … the release of which Next, Richard Hanna (R-N.Y.) told a local could jeopardize not only national security radio station, “This may not be politically cor- but also human lives.” rect, but I think that there was a big part of Unfortunately for Mr. Gowdy the CIA this investigation that was designed to go after itself did not consider that information to be people and an individual, Hillary Clinton. I classified and did not request that any names think that’s the way Washington works. But be redacted in the released emails. you’d like to expect more from a committee Representative Cummings responded to these that’s spent millions of dollars and tons of manipulated releases stating, “The standard time.” operating procedure of this Select Committee Amid those comments from Republican has become to put out information publicly officials, Bradley Podliska, an Air Force that is inaccurate and out of context in order Reserve officer and terminated Republican to attack Secretary Clinton for political reastaffer previously on the Select Committee, sons.” gave a revealing interview with the New York Currently, the Committee is overseeing the Times, charging that the investigation had fifth longest investigation by a special comincreasingly become focused on Hillary mittee in Congressional history, lasting longer Clinton. than probes into Hurricane Katrina, Pearl While Republican staff members claim Harbor and Watergate. By dragging along the Major Podliska was fired for “improper par- investigation at a “glacial pace,” the tiality and animus in his investigative work,” Committee makes clear their intention to Podliska maintains his termination was a influence presidential politics in an attempt to result of his refusal to focus exclusively on gratify a decades old partisan vendetta. Does Hillary Clinton and as punishment for a two- anyone really believe this investigation would week absence he took from the Committee to be ongoing if anyone but Hillary Clinton was fulfill his military obligations. Major Podliska the Secretary of State and leading presidential plans to file a lawsuit against the Committee candidate? next month, with his legal team alleging that The combination of the aforementioned the Committee unlawfully leaked sensitive allegations, mostly from Republicans, speaks information regarding his firing and that to a pattern of corruption and misconduct “Chairman Gowdy disclosed specific infor- within the House Select Committee on mation about private mediation between the Benghazi. Mrs. Clinton should not be free Committee and Major Podliska — disclosures from criticism regarding the terrorist attack — that violate the Congressional Accountability she was the Secretary of State at the time.

Act’s ban on disclosing information regarding However, the Committee cannot be allowed settlement negotiations.” to use the United States House of Besides asserting that the Committee was Representatives as an arm of Republican engaging in a partisan investigation, Major opposition research with the intent to derail Podliska also provides this glimpse into the Clinton’s presidential campaign using millions investigation per the New York Times: of taxpayer dollars and valuable political “With the slow progress, members have resources. Enough is enough. engaged in social activities like a wine club nicknamed ‘Wine Wednesdays,’ drinking from glasses imprinted with the words ‘Glacial Jake Forken is a senior in the College of Human Pace,’ a dig at Representative Elijah E. Ecology. He may be reached at jrf285@cornell.edu.

Cummings, Democrat of Maryland and the My Forken Opinion appears alternate Fridays this committee’s ranking member, Major Podliska semester.

WANT TO WEIGH IN? SUBMIT LETTERS TO OPINION@CORNELLSUN.COM.

8 | The Corne¬ Daily Sun | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

A&E

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT The Truth and Lies of Folk Speaking With Prof. Emeritus Richard Polenberg

BY TROY SHERMAN Assistant Arts and Entertainment Editor

Richard Polenberg is the Marie Underhill Noll Professor of History Emeritus here at Cornell. During his academic career, he taught about and wrote books on political and legal history, but when he retired a few years ago, he decided to pursue a topic much closer to his heart: American folk music. The Sun had a chance to sit down with Professor Polenberg to ask him some questions about his upcoming book, Hear My Sad Story: The True Tales That Inspired “Stagolee,” “John Henry,’ and Other Traditional American Folk Songs, as well as talk about his personal history with, and love of folk music.

THE SUN: Would you mind talking a little bit about how the book came to be and why you wanted to write it?

RICHARD POLENBERG: Well, while I was teaching at Cornell I wrote a number of books which dealt with American political history and legal history; I wrote a book on the first amendment, and then I became interested in biography and wrote a book on Franklin Roosevelt, but I had always loved folk music.

I play the guitar and the banjo and I always used to sing my kids to sleep when they were little and play with friends as well. So when I retired I thought, “Why not move into an area that I love and that I know something about.” That was folk music. In Hear My Sad Story, many of the chapters deal with legal cases — men who were tried or convicted would work their way through the courts — so to some degree I was able to write about legal and constitutional history. But of course there’s much more in the book than that.

All of the stories are very interesting, about men like Jesse James or Railroad Bill, and many of the songs are really tragic; A lot of people got killed and a lot of people got murdered [around the turn of the 20th century]. It just sort of happened that I could write about all of these interesting things that I wanted to write about.

Whether or not I’ll write another book after this I don’t know, but this is a book I’ve been thinking about for a long time and it’s the one I’ve really been wanting to write.

SUN: That sounds like an amazing experience.

Now, to get into the book, one of the things that I noticed about a lot of the stories is that, often, an event would occur in one way and then the song would take over and change some of the facts and the morals.

R.P.: Yes, that’s a very shrewd comment.

Many of the songs describe events, but the interpretation of the individuals in the songs can be quite different. Jesse James murdered a lot of people when he was robbing banks, and the songs give a very favorable account of who he was.

Many of the verses of the songs actually capture reality and describe what happened in a way that no other account does, but that’s not always the case. Often the songs describe characters who were a lot better or worse (depending on the situation) than the person actually was. So the songs can’t be taken as the last word or a necessarily true account of some individual. It was interesting to pick the verses that I included in the text because there are often different interpretations of the events by different people. I tried to pick verses that were historically accurate and that would describe what happened rather than just provide one point of view or another, but you can’t always do that; the songwriters were going to be biased in one way or another. People would make what they wanted out of these songs.

SUN: Why do you think that happens in some cases?

SUN: That’s great; something closer to home. In the preface you talk a bit about your personal history with folk music. Could you go into that a little bit more?

R.P.: Well, when I was in college I learned to play the guitar and the banjo. I took some guitar lessons from a number of very good [musicians], and then I began to play and sing with friends of mine. In 1957, when I was 20 years old, I took a trip to North Carolina with my best friend — he was a medical student and I was an undergraduate — and we packed up our instruments and we went to Asheville, North Carolina where Bascom Lamar Lunsford was running the Mountain Folk and Dance Festival. We got to hear and meet a lot of great people and musicians on that trip. We met Aunt Samantha Bumgarner, who in the 1920s was the first woman to make a recording with the 5-string banjo. We just drove up to her house and asked her if she would play with us, and she said she could. It was very easy to meet people in the 1950s; You’d go to a farmers’ meeting and there would be people with guitars and banjos and you’d ask them if they had any time to play for you and they’d invite you over and cook you dinner and play music.

That was a very, very wonderful and memorable summer for me.

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

life!

R.P.: It’s hard to say. The songs are usually written soon after the event occurs, but whoever is writing the song doesn’t have all of the information about what’s happening, so the songs are not always 100 percent true. In the book, I try to explain what the actual events were, and I use the songs to illustrate the events. But sometimes you have to point out that the song doesn’t actually portray what had happened. Either way there’s no doubt that maybe millions of people have sung and known these songs, so the songs always have lives of their own. After the fact, people aren’t thinking about what happened to Jesse James at a certain point in time; they’re just thinking about Jesse James as a character.

When you hear the words to that song, your heart goes out to James; he was murdered by a “dirty little coward” and he had a wife and children who mourned for his

SUN: I got the sense that when a writer didn’t have the full story to round out the song’s edges, they injected their own personal and cultural views into it. Which I guess is why folk music is important: it serves as a vessel for cultural views.

R.P.: In fact, the Jesse James song ends with “This song was made / By Billy Gashade / As soon as the news did arrive.” The person who supposedly wrote the song put himself into it! Sometimes there was good evidence and the

TROY SHERMAN / ASSISTANT ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT EDITOR

song could be based on that, but sometimes people made it up. They would have heard the story but then write their versions of events often exaggerating some facts and minimizing others. And so you can find verses that just spin tales and are not true to what happened. But they’re songs, and songs aren’t meant to be accurate historical documents.

They’re inventions. They may not be true to the actual events but they express some- “You can find verses that just spin thing of the tales and are not true to what singer’s feelings and the commuhappened. Buy they’re songs, nity’s feelings as and songs aren’t meant to be well. It’s very rare that you’ll find a accurate historical documents. folk song that They’re inventions.” expresses some idiosyncratic Richard Polenberg view; often these songs represent community values and the values of a society. That’s why they’re sung year after year; lots of music that was once sung during WWII — people don’t sing those songs anymore.

These songs people still sing — even today there are many thousands of people still discussing these songs; you can lose yourself in discussion of these events.

SUN: I guess that could be one reason as to why these songs are enduringly important. They paint a picture of another America that can still affect America today.

R.P.: That’s true. There were coal mine accidents, there were violent flare-ups because of strikes and labor experiences, there were race issues and issues with prison conditions. A lot of unfortunate things ended up happening, but the thread is that all of these events had songs that were written about them! There’s something about singing about a tragic event that makes it easier for an individual to come to terms with it. When you sing a song about prison conditions, or the titanic going down, or labor strife, people aren’t glum or sad or depressed or unhappy. With the singing of the song there is a release of energy and pent-up emotion. It allows the singer to come to terms with and transcend any number of terrible events. Even 100 years later, the singing of these songs allows people to cope with things that have happened in the past and things that are still happening. There can be a cathartic experience that comes with songs like these. It’s one of the ways that music can have a powerful effect on people.

Troy Sherman the Assistant Arts and Entertainment Editor. He can be reached at arts-and-entertainment-editor@cornellsun.com.

A&E

Tuesday, October 20, 2015 | The Corne¬ Daily Sun | 9

On the Corner, on Our Minds: American Racism

BY GWEN AVILES Sun Staff Writer

I have a terrible memory. I’ve tried writing reminders to myself on rainbow Sticky Notes, tying knotted rope around my fingers and devising mnemonic devices like EFT (Eat Food Today) to no avail. Yet, my brain seems to recall perfectly my viewing of On the Corner, a Civic Ensemble show I saw right before I skipped town for Fall Break.

Civic Ensemble is an Ithaca based community group that uses theater as a vehicle to educate and inform its audiences about critical cultural and sociopolitical issues. The group prides itself on telling the stories of people of color, women and minorities whose experiences have yet to be fully validated and acknowledged in the world of film, television, theater and media.

On the Corner written by Sarah K. Chalmers and Godfrey L. Simmons, Jr., was no deviation from Civic Ensemble’s commitment to social justice theater. It told the story of Julian, an African American teenager, attempting to navigate his life; his youthful indecision, the death of his mother and the radical racial divisions that plague America today.

In fact, On the Corner actually begins with Julian, played by Jharrel Jerome (a freshman at Ithaca College), being detained by a cop after wandering the streets of Cayuga Heights, pondering the recent death of his mother. Only later is it revealed that a neighbor, Mrs. Whitney, called the police on him because she thought he looked suspicious. When she encounters the young, innocuous Julian and it becomes obvious that he’s not a threat, Mrs. Whitney refuses to admit that there was any bias to her decision.

The play doesn’t merely expose contemporary racial disparities, but a dynamic chorus of voices over time (not unlike one you would see in Oedipus Rex or Lysistrata) that takes the audience as far back as the 1700s, in order to demonstrate that these incongruences have always existed. Suddenly, it is 1715 and we are witnessing an African slave trade market, where a dumbfounded Julian has traveled through time. “See this boy? He’s ready for work,” the auctioneer instructs. The starting amount for Julian is $100 but he winds up being sold for a mere $45.

The boy’s mother (played by Sylvie Yntema, the same actress who plays Julian’s mother in consequent scenes) is distraught and sings a haunting song about losing her son.

We then travel through time to 1790 and find ourselves witnessing a debate between Northerners and Southerners about slavery’s place in America. The verdict: Slavery was ingrained in the American economy even before there was an actual Constitution.

We don’t often recognize this, because we are too focused on the “strides” we have made. As it is pointed out to us, Ruth Simmons became the first black president of any Ivy League Institution in 2000; Brown University’s 18th president. However, we’re less likely to discuss the fact that Brown University was built with slave labor (or that Cornell is built on Cayuga land, for that matter).

A trip back to 2005 then teaches us that many extremely successful businesses like Tiffany & Co. still reap the benefits of the free slave labor they received in their early years. However, On the Corner is not simply a scathing critique of the wrongs of our past, but an unglorified acknowledgment of the hopes of our future.

The play discusses Wachovia CEO, Ken Thompson, who, upon discovering Wachovia’s ties to slavery in 2005 apologized: “We know that we cannot change the past, and we can't make up for

the wrongs of slavery” said Thompson. "But we can learn from our past, and begin a stronger dialogue about slavery and the experience of African-Americans in our country.”

Another strength of On the Corner was its inclusion and respect for all perspectives. In a poem that repeated by multiple members of the cast who stood among the audience, a multiplicity of ethnicities and perspectives was represented. A “milky white” woman acknowledges that her skin color affords her privileges, while another woman states that her skin color makes her afraid because she “might say the wrong thing to a person of color.”

Perhaps my favorite part of the play, however, was not an aspect of the performance, but rather, the discussion that followed the production. Those involved were asked to discuss how they thought these issues of racial injustice could be addressed and what our next steps should be. We were encouraged to discuss our ideas to a stranger and write them on a banner.

I thought this was an incredible idea because oftentimes, while we may be impacted by something upon seeing it, we forget about its message in bustle of our daily lives (Kony 2012, anyone?). The discussion following the play addressed this idea, reconfirming that this is something we need to be actively thinking about — something that we don’t have the luxury to forget among life’s many banalities. How can someone like me help? How can someone like you help? Civic Ensemble forced me and all members to become implicated in the racial divisions and aggressions embedded in our society.

Gwen Aviles is a junior in the College of Arts and Sciences. She can be reached at gaviles@cornellsun.com.

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

10 THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis

ACROSS 1 “Goodbye, Columbus” author Philip 5 High anxiety 10 Me-time resorts 14 Fencing choice 15 Trip the light fantastic 16 Quarterbackturnedcongressman Jack 17 *Cardiologically healthy, as a diet 19 River of Pisa 20 Wide variety 21 Gauge showing rpm 23 How Marcie addresses Peppermint Patty 24 Howl at the moon 25 *Affectionate apron inscription 29 On its way 30 Handmade scarf stuff 31 Radar dot 34 Chic modifier 37 Pay hike 40 *Commuter’s headache 43 See eye to eye 44 __ fide: in bad faith 45 “Teh” for “The,” say 46 Dry as the Atacama 48 Omelet necessities 50 *Title for Aretha Franklin 54 Fabric flaw 57 Address bar address 58 Pilot’s alphabet ender 59 Wear away gradually 61 Long-billed wader 63 Musical conductor ... and, literally, what the start of each answer to a starred clue is 66 Charge 67 “Lucky” aviator, familiarly 68 Stew veggies 69 Was sure about 70 Crème de la crème 71 Footprint part

DOWN 1 Detox program 2 Word before house or after horse 3 In need of tissues 4 Wife of Zeus 5 Promos 6 “China Beach” war zone, for short 7 Swarming pests 8 “Ice Age” sabertoothed squirrel 9 Easily annoyed 10 Caribbean music 11 Be the epitome of 12 Prenatal test, for short 13 Hybrid utensil 18 Kid 22 “Do I __ Waltz?”: Rodgers/ Sondheim musical 26 A big fan of 27 Doodle on the guitar 28 Summer camp activities 29 Globe 31 Lingerie item 32 Carry with effort 33 Descendant of Jacob

35 Obama __ 36 Fifth cen. pope called “The Great” 38 Small taste 39 Environmental prefix 41 “57 Varieties” brand 42 Classico rival 47 Look-alike 49 High spirits 50 Peculiarity 51 Living in the city

52 Swing wildly 53 Branch of Islam 54 Event with lots of horsing around?

55 Flawless 56 Intrinsically 60 Emulates Eminem 62 Darn things 64 Prohibited pesticide 65 Chemical in Drano crystals

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE:

Sun Sudoku

COMICS AND PUZZLES

Puzzle #954

Fill in the empty cells, one number in each, so that each column, row, and region contains the numbers 1-9 exactly once.

Each number in the solution therefore occurs only once in each of the three “directions,” hence the “single numbers” implied by the puzzle’s name.

(Rules from wikipedia.org/wiki /Sudoku)

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12 THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

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SPORTS

Volleyball Drops Two Contests on Weekend VOLLEYBALL

Continued from page 16

Crimson clawed its way back and ended the set, 26-24.

In the last set, despite leading 12-11, Cornell could not contain a powerful Harvard offense and the visitors went on a scoring streak to end the set, 15-13. However, Sganderlla sees the close matchups as a positive.

“We had the momentum throughout the start of both of those matches, but we weren’t able to close out,” she said. “We are a young team, but we are improving with each match. Despite the outcome, we played the best we’ve ever played so that’s a huge positive to take away. ... We know that we can compete with any team in the Ivy League [and] what every team is capable of, so we are ready to start the second round of Ivies.”

Upperclassman and standout middle hitter Macey Wilson agrees, perennially looking forwards and up.

“This weekend was really tough because we know we have the talent and ability to beat these teams, but for some reason, we just haven’t been able to push through and finish,” she said. “We are still so motivated and ready for this upcoming weekend because we know we are so close to doing amazing things.”

Phelps said she feels that the chemistry on display this weekend shows promise for the games to come.

“We finally clicked as a team [this weekend],” she said. “We had the opportunity to win every single set and we believed that we could. Although we were unable to pull out the win, we learned a lot about how to play as a team. … We’re gaining confidence as a unit and I know we are completely capable of beating any team in the Ivy League.”

Olivia Mattyasovszky can be reached at omattyasovszky@cornellsun.com.

Game at Sacred Heart Causes Injury to Hagy Sophomore Sweet tapped as replacement FOOTBALL

Continued from page 15

Archer also said that if Hagy is unable to play next week against Brown, then Sweet will “pick it up.” The running back situation will be complicated especially if Walker returns. Archer has spoken highly of the freshman all year and, if both Sweet and Walker are healthy, the pair may split carries.

“I don’t know if [Walker]’s going to be ready for Brown,” Archer said. “Tough to say. That will probably be based more on what Chris knows. He obviously has an extra burst, so finding ways to get him the football, but that’ll depend on his health.”

Adam Bronfin can be reached at abronfin@cornellsun.com.

BRITTNEY CHEW / SUN NEWS PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

In the red | The Red struggled to earn a win this weekend, with Hagy’s injury coming right at the beginning of Saturday’s game.

Help us keep watch on Cornell.

Call The Cornell Daily Sun 273-3606

THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015 13

14 THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015

www.cornellsun.com

SPORTS

Theo Epstein Saved Both Red Sox,Cubs SHATZMAN

Continued from page 16

1945. There’s the Curse of the Billy Goat. There’s Steve Bartman.

There’s Steve Bartman’s turtleneck. It’s been a tough century for the Cubbies.

But in October of 2011, Theo Epstein resigned from the Red Sox and became the President of Baseball Operations for — yes — the Chicago Cubs. What Epstein has done in Chicago may ultimately top his achievements in Boston.

Epstein has transformed the Cubs from a team of declining veterans like Aramis Ramirez and Alfonso Soriano, to a team full of so many young stars that nine spots on the diamond isn’t enough

Guys like Pedro Martinez, Nomar Garciaparra and Manny Ramirez were notable players, and the team was competitive, but Epstein made moves that elevated Boston from competitive to elite with a decade-long span of dominance that is still felt in post-Epstein Boston.

Two months into Epstein’s tenure, the Red Sox signed a power hitter named David Ortiz.

The Twins had tried to trade Ortiz after injury problems and mediocre production, but released him instead, unable to find a trade suitor. In Boston’s two championship seasons under Epstein has established Epstein, Ortiz hit .301 with himself as one of the most 41 HR and .332 with 35 HR. With the Red Sox, Ortiz influential executives in has won three World Series titles, made nine All-Star professional sports.

Games, and just last month, he became the 27th member of the 500 HR club. for them all. Not to mention that Epstein also acquired Cy-Young they’re in the NLCS right now candidate Curt Schilling in playing the Mets, fighting for a exchange for four players who went trip to the Fall Classic. on to make a combined zero AllNearly every single player on Star games. Schilling helped lead the Cubs post-season roster was the Sox to two titles, winning three either signed, traded for or drafted games in four starts in both the ’04 under Epstein in the last couple of and ’07 post-seasons. Epstein hired years. It’s remarkable. The Cubs Terry Francona and drafted both traded practically nothing — ’08 MVP Dustin Pedroia and Scott Feldman and Steve ClevJacoby Ellsbury, among others. inger — for the best starting The hometown kid brought base- pitcher in the league today, Jake ball glory back to Beantown.

Arrieta. Like David Ortiz with the The 86-year drought was the Twins, Epstein acquired Arrieta second-longest titleless streak in when he was a struggling arm with baseball when it ended in ’04, sec- potential in Baltimore. The Cubs ond to the Chicago Cubs.The traded for Anthony Rizzo, Cubs last won the Fall Classic in Addison Russell, Kyle Hendricks, 1908, when their ace was Dexter Fowler, Miguel Montero, Mordecai “Three Finger” Brown. Austin Jackson and others. They Yikes. The Cubs haven’t won a signed both Jon Lester and Jason title in 107 years and haven’t Hammel in the offseason. Chiappeared in a World Series since cago drafted Kris Bryant and Kyle Schwarber, 23 years old and 22 years old, respectively, who are two of the best young hitters in the league. You know their shutdown closer Hector Rondon? The Cubs signed him off of waivers in 2012.

Epstein’s eye for talent is impeccable. Not only do his teams continue to acquire top players, but they do so while giving away next-to-nothing. Epstein has a knack for determining player value and finding players who can contribute to a winning team.

When the Red Sox hired Epstein at age 28, he said he wanted to “turn the Red Sox into a scouting and player-development machine.” He succeeded in Boston, and now he is flourishing in Chicago.

At 41, Epstein has established himself as among the most influential executives in professional sports and his success is a testament to the idea that executives can have a significant effect on team success. A brilliant mind like Epstein can be the key to a winning franchise. There is more to sports than what we see on television. Theo Epstein brought winning baseball back to Boston. It’s only a matter of time until the Cubs raise the long-awaited banner, too.

Ben Shatzman is a senior in the College of Arts and Sciences. He can be contacted at bshatzman@cornellsun.com. Calling the Shatz appears every Monday this semester.

THE CORNELL DAILY SUN | Tuesday, October 20, 2015 15

SPORTS

FOOTBALL

Sweet Steps In After Hagy Receives Blow to the Head Cornell loses yet another running back to head injury after Walker sits out weekend with concussion

By ADAM BRONFIN Sun Assistant Sports Editor

FAIRFIELD, Conn. — For four weeks this season, Luke Hagy was Cornell football’s rushing attack. The senior running back amassed 376 rushing in the first four games of the season and against Sacred Heart, it looked like the trend of feeding Hagy the ball over 15 times per game would continue. But after hitting his head on his first carry of the game, Hagy left the game and would not return.

Freshman running back Chris Walker did not make the trip to Connecticut due to a concussion of his own, so the rushing duties fell to sophomore Josh Sweet.

Sweet had seen minimal play time in all four games leading up to the clash against Sacred Heart, earning 17 yards on six total carries.

As a fresh“The offensive line man last year, blocked their tails off.

Sweet collected 96 yards in seven They did a great job games.

[Saturday].”

“I wasn’t expecting to get Josh Sweet that much time,” Sweet said. “Luke is our guy, but he went down, and obviously, he is irreplaceable. He’s a star. He’s the best running back in the Ivy League. Tough shoes to fill, but I did my best and I’m going to look at the film to see where I can improve, where we all can improve.”

The sophomore used his hard running style to pick up 80 yards on 22 carries. There were several times when he looked like the man he was backing up, powering past Sacred Heart defenders to a number of strong runs between the tackles, thanks to an overall positive effort from the offensive line. But at other times, he lacked enough power to get past Sacred Heart defenders and was generally wrapped up at the line of scrimmage throughout the game.

“The offensive line blocked their tails off,” Sweet said. “They did a great job [Saturday] — sometimes it didn’t show because I made the wrong cut. Sometimes when I made the right cut it was there and we made a great play, so I got to do a better job of making sure that I hit the right hole and make sure that they’re getting some of the glory as well.”

In the Red’s first drive of the second half, Sweet took the handoff at the 15-yard-line and dodged his way 14

CAMERON POLLACK / SUN SENIOR PHOTOGRAPHER

Sweet escape | Sophomore Josh Sweet, pictured above, stepped in as running back when senior Luke Hagy had to come out of Saturday’s game due to a head injury. He was able to pick up 80 yard on 22 carries.

yards before being brought down just shy of the end zone. As he was tackled, the ball became dislodged and a Sacred Heart defender scooped it up in the end zone.

The Pioneers would go on to score a touchdown, putting the Red down, 23-6.

There was some confusion as to whether or not Sweet was down or if the ball had crossed the plane, but the final decision from the referees was that the ball was stripped before Sweet’s knee hit the ground.

“It was a tough call,” Sweet said. “We were running inside zone, and I cut it back and I saw the end zone. I got caught from behind and I felt like my knee was down, but regardless I can’t let the ball slip out, I can’t even make it a call for the ref, so I got to do a better job

of holding it high and tight and sometimes the ref ’s call just doesn’t go your way.”

The run could have been Sweet’s second touchdown of the day; his first was a three-yard punch that came in the second quarter that brought Cornell back within four.

“I thought he did a nice job stepping in,” said head coach David Archer ’05. “In terms of volume, he’s not used to that many carries and plays. I’m sure there are some plays that he wants back. We all had plays that we didn’t make today.”

Adam Bronfin can be reached at abronfin@cornellsun.com.

WOMEN’S ROWING

Rowers Take 22nd Place at Annual Head of the Charles Race Team races against 31 other squads from around the world, including first place California

By JOSHUA SOMMERS Sun Contributor

On Sunday, the women’s rowing team competed in the 51st Head of the Charles regatta in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Cornell, along with 31 other competitors representing colleges around the world, raced five kilometers along the curvy Charles River and finished with a time of 17:23.990, good for a 22nd place finish.

“We did not have our best performance,” said head coach Elizabeth Dennison, “In this deep and competitive field, we need to perform our best.

Though this was certainly not due to lack of effort from the athletes.”

Standing in the way of the team’s goals for this race was intense competition, including the Red’s Ivy League rivals and other strong teams, such as last season’s NCAA runner-up, University of California. California continued its momentum into the 2015-16 season with a first place finishing time of 15:58.626 on Sunday.

In addition to the opposition, the conditions at the Head of the Charles made a high finish no easy task for the Red. “The Charles is [a] curvy and challenging course for the coxswain to navigate, both with bridges, turns and other crews,” Dennison said. “Our coxswain did a great job navigating the course, but the distrac-

tions at times got the better of the crew.”

While temperatures were cold – in the lower 40s — Dennison also said a persistent headwind presented the Red with yet another challenge.

Sunday’s result might have been less than ideal for the team, but it is only the Red’s first fall race and the team still has its entire spring NCAA schedule ahead of it.

There is good reason for optimism, and senior captain Theodora Misthos looked at the Red’s race as a learning opportunity.

“We had a strong race and have identified some things that we can focus on to gain speed over the next two weeks for the Princeton Chase,” she said.

Misthos explained that the team has

MICHAELA BREW / SUN SPORTS PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

Wind on the water | Poor weather conditions and a generally tough racing course led the Red to its less-than-idea finish this weekend.

grown in size and as a result, she feels confident that the squad can excel both this fall, and in the spring.

“Our team is bigger than it has been for years and we’re really excited about the new talent,” she said. “It has resulted in healthy competition that’s raising the bar.”

Dennison echoed Misthos’ belief in the team, citing determination and commitment as two of the things that will help it succeed.

“The athletes are extremely determined and very hardworking,” Dennison said.

“The commitment they have to excellence and to each other will serve them well. …

We learn from every race and practice and will work to keep getting faster each day, staying focused on the process.”

As the Red moves on from Sunday’s race, it now focuses its attention on the Princeton Chase, which will take place on Nov. 1. There, the Red looks to convert its potential into a fast time and a stronger finish relative to the competition.

“Our goal is to establish ourselves as competitive contenders within the Ivy League at the Princeton Chase,” Misthos said. “[We hope to] end the fall season on a positive note.”

Joshua Sommers can be reached at js2777@cornell.edu.

Sports

The Corne¬ Daily Sun

TUESDAY OCTOBER 20, 2015

16

WOMEN’S SOCCER

Red Secures Third Place in Ivy Standings

Beats Bulldogs by one goal with Crowell scoring game-winner, breaks three-game scoreless streak

By KEITH BOLLT Sun Staff Writer

“They came together on the road [and] on the turf,” said women’s soccer head coach Patrick Farmer. He paused for a second to think; someJASON thing that had not clicked BEN NATHAN / on the long bus ride SUN SENIOR back from New PHOTOGRAPHER Haven had just occurred to him.

Saturday’s game was the Red’s first road conference victory in his tenure at Cornell.

Cornell women’s soccer (9-1-4, 2-1-1 Ivy) was victorious at 1-0 over the Yale Bulldogs (4-6-2, 1-3-0 Ivy) Saturday afternoon in New Haven. With the win, Cornell now boasts No. 3 in the Ivy League confer-

Beating Bulldogs | Junior Ellie Crowell, pictured above, scored the gamewinning goal against Yale on Saturday.

players. ence standings with just three games to go.

“They have a very good freshman [and we] communicat“We had much better patience,” Farmer said in praise of ed well defensively,” he said. “[We] weren’t intimidated and his team’s offense. “The best possession game all year.”

The game-winning goal, scored by junior midfielder [the team] did a very good job with her.”

Tate explained that Yale changed its posiElizabeth Crowell, broke up a three tional arrangement late in the game in an game scoreless streak for the Red. “You have to have one attempt to even the score. As a result, the Red’s Senior co-captain and defender/midfielder Shanay Fischer agreed with or two primary scorers. defense had to fend off extra Bulldog attackers Farmer that Cornell’s offense was ... We got contributions in the match’s closing minutes.

Farmer, Tate and Fischer all agreed that the much improved on Saturday. She from 19 players.”

1-0 score was indicative of how both teams said the team has been focused on played. Farmer explained that both teams had being more aggressive offensively.

Patrick Farmer their strong moments, with Yale earning “Our attitude offensively has chances to score that it was just not able to capbeen improving”, she said.

The late Yogi Berra and Earl Weaver liked to boast, “We italize on.

While Cornell is now in third place in its conference, the have deep depth.” Indeed, eight different Red players have scored at least one goal so far this season. At the same time, team has not typically been competitive against its Ivy oppothe game winner on Saturday was tallied by the Red’s leader nents in previous years.

“You want to be able to play for something to the last day in goals and points, Crowell. Farmer said he believes striking a balance between depth and a few go-to scorers is important. of the season,” Farmer said. “It changes your vision of what “I think you have to have both,” he said. “You have to you’re trying to do. ... We hope Princeton beats Harvard and have one or two primary scorers. … We got contributions that we’re able to beat Princeton.”

Tate explained how it has been a long process from her from 19 players [on Saturday].”

On the defensive side of things, Cornell completed its freshman year to get Cornell women’s soccer to where it is 12th shutout in 14 games. Senior co-captain and defender now.

“It’s great to see the program move in this direction,” she Charlotte Tate said the Red’s defense is playing well together.

“We did let up some corners,” she said. “[But] said. we’ve been getting better [at playing as a] unit.”

Farmer said he was impressed with the way the Keith Bollt can be reached at Red handled defending one of Yale’s top scoring kbollt@cornellsun.com.

Epstein’s Eye Women Drop Two to Crimson and Green For Talent VOLLEYBALL

By OLIVIA MATTYASOVSZKY

Sun Staff Writer

On Nov. 25, 2002, the Boston Red Sox hired 28-year-old Theo Epstein as general manager. The young man who had lived in New England for much of his life — he grew up in Brookline and graduated from Yale University, where he was the sports editor for the Yale Daily News — was the youngest G.M. in baseball history.

The last time the Red Sox had won the World Series before Epstein was hired, the

Ben Shatzman Calling the Shatz season was cut short because of World War I. That was 1918. The next eight decades became a nightmare for Sox fans. Vin Scully’s “It gets through Buckner” was to Boston fans what “His name was Robert Paulsen” was to Edward Norton. The Curse of the Bambino felt eternal. When Theo Epstein was named G.M., it all changed.

From 1969 — the year that the league adopted divisions — until 2002, the Red Sox made the playoffs just seven times.

However, in Epstein’s second season in Boston, the Red Sox swept the Cardinals for their first World Series title in 86 years.

Under Epstein, the Red Sox made the postseason in six of nine seasons, adding another title in 2007. The success didn’t just come from good fortune. Sure, the Red Sox were decent before Epstein came to town.

See SHATZMAN page 14

The Cornell volleyball team hosted two big Ivy League opponents this weekend. The squad played the No. 1 ranked Dartmouth Big Green on Friday for the annual Dig Pink fundraiser benefiting breast cancer and the No. 3 Harvard Crimson on Saturday.

Coming into the weekend, Dartmouth was on a three-game winning streak and thus had a lot of momentum. The Green’s record stood even at 7-7, but within the conference, the team had only dropped one game, losing 3-0 to the Penn Quakers earlier this month.

Despite its momentum, the Green dropped the first set to Cornell on Friday, losing 25-22. However, Dartmouth pulled ahead in hitting percentage with 15 conversions on 37 attempts, while Cornell converted on only 13 of 37 attempts in that first set. A clutch service ace by freshman Carla Sganderlla and a kill by Maddy Sroufe to win the set was able to secure the win for the Red nonetheless. The standout of the game was Sganderlla, who had a team high of 11 kills, followed by junior Macey Wilson with 10 and sophomore Maddy Sroufe with eight.

In the next set, the Green regained its momentum. A blistering front line of Emily Astarita, Morgan Dressel and Emily Patrick led the Dartmouth in kills and with that push, the team went on to win the next two sets, 2516 and 25-20, taking the match 3-1.

Despite the loss, the team-wide support made the difference for the freshmen class.

“Ivy League play is different from

what the freshmen are used to, but I feel that we have figured out what we need to compete at this level,” Sganderlla said. “The returners to the team have also helped us out tremendously and that has made the transition easier.”

Junior Alyssa Phelps explained that the team’s loss came from being one step behind the Green.

“On Friday we started off strong and a lot of energy but throughout the match Dartmouth continued to make adjustments and we were just one step behind,” she said.

On Saturday, the Harvard Crimson came to Newman for what Cornell hoped would be the end of a long losing streak. It looked good in the first two sets, with Cornell’s front line keeping up the pressure on the

Crimson’s defense.

The first set went to the Red, 2522, and the second in even more impressive fashion with a win of 2514. Blocking belonged to freshman Alex Basler, who took up important space on the net and allowed defensive specialists Natalie Danenhauer and Chelsea Sincox to finish the match with 19 and 14 digs, respectively.

The tide turned though when the Crimson pulled ahead in the third set, 22-18. Despite an ace from the continually impressive Sroufe, the visitors closed the deal on a hit from Corinne Bain. Cornell just needed one more set to clinch its first win in weeks. The Red secured a comfortable cushion late in the fourth at 19-15, but the See VOLLEYBALL page 13

DAVID NAVADEH / SUN STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Close calls | Despite two losses, the women said they feel good about their performances against both Dartmouth and Harvard.