Ai Process Book

The Journey to Final Design

8/31/2022

My design process always starts with sketching out ideas

3d vision =

3d sketching

previous interest in sketching

Initial sketches to final Render The “What if” Question? Challenging the tradition What if we reconsider the design process in architecture.

Instead of “design follows process”, what if we use the formula of “Process follows design”

How to render before thinking about design parameters??

Think

Design

Render

Render

Think

Design

What if we start with rendering images?

Statement 1

What if we start with rendering images using AI MidjourneyTrend??

Online beta that generates images using textual prompts

01

How can I use AI in Architecture?

Conceptual

Final Renders

BIM, Parametric

What is AI ?

Digital Models?

Midjourney

AI programming focuses on three cognitive skills:

Similar to Architecture Design Process

1.learning Process: This aspect of AI programming focuses on acquiring data and creating rules for how to turn the data into actionable information

Studying the project Site Analysis Requirements

2.Reasoning: This aspect of AI programming focuses on choosing the right algorithm to reach the desired outcome.

3.self correction: aspect of AI programming is designed to continually fine-tune algorithms and ensure they provide the most accurate results possible.

Traditional Approach Plan to Render Images

Choosing the right method to design

Revision New Approach Render to Plans

AI Images- Mid-Journey The trend: What is Mid-Journey??

Mid-journey is an online beta that generate images using textual prompts You type, and you get the output as an image

Seeing your imagination take a form in few minutes

How does it works???

Step 3: Start writing what you want to see in an image by typing “/imagine”

Step 1: Connect to discord to access midjourney. (Discord is a free online text and voice chat service that allows hundreds or even thousands of users to come together and talk) Key Points/ Take away: 1. Need a textual promptdescribe your building with words 2. Specify the environmnet 3. A style specification using known artists

How can I use AI in Architecture?

Step 2: Join any of the channels and start creating

Results

My first prompt

An airplane house by Zaha hadid and Frank Llyod Wright in a thunderstorm

AI in Architecture

Design Process -How to represent an idea through images -Conceptual idea development -Final design comparison to different methods -Client/user input

Step 1: Study the evolution of design process over the years, and how famous architects work Step 2: Study different methods of design process Step 3: Define a new design process, how is it different from the old or something done in past Step 4: Impliment it in a program, a design proposal.

During the process: How AI works? how can you frame a design process around AI. Study People’s Opinions

02 At which stage in design process can AI be intergrated?

9/16/2022

Language and Architecture

Dividing line between human and non-human

-Words to describe a building -images representing words -a common platform of understanding

-Kahn’s approach to design-a poetic manner -Image acts as a common medium to express multiple languages Cultural difference in language?

AI does not justify language differences The ability to describe it better in my regional language Language & Architecture is a vast and whole different topic to be explored -deviavting from the main topic of AI in architecture

May be not in this thesis

Architecture Design Process

Stages of Architecture Design Process: Pre- design

Conceptual ideas

Schematic Design

Design developement

Models Images Diagrams

Site Analysis study of other constraints

Construction drawings

Construction

Sketching

Design Process: A problem solving approach Inspiration

Identification

Conceptulization

Exploration

AI in Early design phase of Architecture A stage that is open to exploration and allow a designer to brainstorm

03 What’s wrong with the traditional pre-design process?

Communication

Traditional Pre-design Phase Rough Sketching

Abstract Paintings/ Models

Narratives Louis Kahn’s Writing of a Brick

Frank Gehry’s initial sketch for Disney Concert Hall

Complex architecture writings Zaha Hadid’s initial paintings for inspiration of a project

Deconstructive and contempory architect’s use methods in pre design phase that is too abstract to be understood by non- designers

A switch to images Something everyone can understand Common platform of communication

Architects Vocab

Rem Koolhaas’s Models for Seattle Public Library 1.Difficult to be understood by non-designers.

Limitations of traditional early design phase

2.Time consuming (model making) 3.Difficult to represent some ideas through sketches 4.Does not adapt to the changing technological world of today 5.Need to know how to sketch and draw ideas

In my thesis, I would like to explore how computational adaptation in the early architectural design process can provide a diverse platform of inspiration and imagination to contemporary architects that can be easy to visualize

Statement 2

AI contribution in Architecture 04

How did AI get involved in Architecture?

Past AI involvement in Architecture

The Fold Theory: 1993 Greg Lynn

The Embroynic House: 1997- 2001 Greg Lynn

Frank Gehry: Use of CATIA 1993 Frank Gehry- Use of CATIA, an aerospace software to generate building model of Guggenheim Museum Bilbao Use of computation more in design development phase BIM, AUTOCAD Paperless Studio 1990’s First digital age- introduction of blob in 1990’s

MIT Media Lab: Computer Aided Synthesis Using StyleGAN2 Generated relatively realistic images of automobiles that don’t actually exist after being trained on a substantial dataset of cars.

What is GAN ?

Prof Curtis Roth- Use of computation to analyse design process, OSU More devlopment of computer system in architecture

Contribution BIM Technology helps to translate 2D drawings into 3D models which help during the construction process to point out any failure in the design Parametric Architecture allow designers to challenge the form Provides a vision to the clients Keeps the field of architecture active to the changing technological world needs.

2019- Stanislas Chaillou Harvard thesis- Initiated to generate floor plans using AI

History of Digital in Architecture William Talbot

First Architectural Photography 1830’s

Stanislas Chaillou Paul Otlet

GAN Ian Goodfellow

City of Knowledge “Mundameum”

2019 Harvard Thesis

2014

Use of GAN to make floor plans

1910

Real Data

Real Fake

Discriminator

Generator

Bernard Tschumi

2018,Dec

Style GAN

by NVDIA

Stan Allen 16th Century Shift

Hani Rashid

Text to Printed images

Timeline of Images in Architecture

1992

Paperless Studio Columbia

Feb 5,2020

Style GAN2

April,2022

DALL.E- 2

Archaeology of Digital

Shoei Yoh digital tools used for form finding and roof development

Peter Eisenman

1990 and 1992

Chuck Hoberman

Lewis House 1989-1995

Biozentrum project 1987 Odawara & Galaxy Toyama gymnasium

Frank Gehry

Concept development using digital hybrid between digital and hybrid

Digital used to create 3d model using CATIA

Iris Dome Project 1988- 1994 Digital to create a structural component

First digital age- introduction of blob in 1990’s Use of AI in early design stage

The Embroynic House:1997- 2001

Digital mass customization phase in 1990 Greg Lynn

The Second Digital turn

05 How can AI involvement in early design phase cotribute??

Frank Gehry Disney concert hall Converting a sketch into 3d model to start construction process AI has been in the industry since a long time unknowingly. But most of the algorithms have been more invloved in design devlopment, rather than concept imagination.

The Process of Thinking??

Problem

Past Study/ Precedent

Own Approach

Design

What if?? we can combine precedent study and imagination into one??

Have a thought??

A data center and Trampoline park in one space??

Hard to imagine??

Put text in Let AI think

Ai combines past understanding of two places and create one Does the precedent study for humans

Designers curate and design from their understanding

AI Oriented Design Process Pre-Design

AI Generations

Design

Construct

Begin to start thinking about the concept

Transform concept to textual prompt

Analyze the images generated by AI

Make it happen

Advantages of AI 1. Allows wider imagination 2. Encourages iterative study 3. Gives a different perspective to the design 4. Images act as a common platform of communication with non-designers

06 Who decides the words to be used in the textual prompt of Mid-journey? Me or someone else?

Me?

Based on the project and site analysis

User?

People who will be occupying the space

Who are users??

- Users are a group of people who shall be inhabiting the building space after its fully constructed -Users are different from clients -Clients can be users, but not every user is a client.

Try to take an adavange of the users by knowing their thoughts and vision of the building design

User Oriented AI Design Process In my thesis, I would like to explore how computational adaptation in the early architectural design process can provide a platform of collaboration with users

Statement 3

07 How can we involve users in early design process?

Observation

Interview

Survey Method

AI Interaction

08 How can auidence interaction in early design phase help in architecture?

1. A base for Design Inspirataion 2. Provides new perspective 3. Ability to know non-designer trends 4. User Satisfaction 5. Material Challenge- Allows to know material palette of non-designer

Mid-Review: User Experimentation - Objective: To understand the choice of words by users to describe an architecture space that can affect AI generated images - Method: Creating a Survey Poll by asking the users of Virginia Tech Acrhitecture library (located in Cowgill) to describe the space thorugh one word.

- Action: Applying those words as a textual prompt to generate Ai Images using multiple platforms.

Step 1: Collection of Data/ Survey Define your architecture library experience in a word: Silence

Making

Chairs

Small

Not Private

Quite

Compartmentalized

Transparent

Jumbo Desks

More Open Light Feel

Overwhelming

Entry view is nice

More rooms needed

Step 2: Reference Image NEW: We can now add a reference image in AI platform to generate variations, with textual prompt

Architecture Library, Cowgill

Text- to- Image (No Reference Image used) Mid-Journey

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight

Observation- Does not read the skylight and window as a seperate object. Difficulty to define multiple elements. Blends in a wierd way

Dalle-2

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight with semi-enclosed rooms at mezzanine

The image on the left show a good depiction of the textual prompt than midjourney. It also added books on the mezzanine level without mentioning

Stable Diffusion

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight with semi-enclosed rooms at mezzanine

Missing Mezzanine level.

A more modern approach to design for a library.

Added a person without me mentioning in the prompt.

Image- to- Image (Only Reference Image no words) Mid-Journey

Dalle-2

Unfortunately, Mid-Journey does not create variations of provided image without text

Stable Diffusion Unfortunately, Stable Diffusion does not create variations of provided image without text

Added a door at the curtain wall, changed the ceiling lights. Moved the placement of desks. Looks more like an office

Image- to- Image (Only Reference Image and words)

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight with semi-enclosed rooms at mezzanine

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight with semi-enclosed rooms at mezzanine

Prompt: Architecture Library with an entrance window and central Skylight with semi-enclosed rooms at mezzanine

Does not even look close to the reference image provided.

Does not read skylight, there is no central space.

Very modern approach. Does not look like a library, but a house.

Does not understand skylight, as it shows celestory windows Tried to pick colors in the image on the left

Image on the right looks similar to the mid-journey generation

Picked up colors ( white, orange) Still no reading of skylights or mezzanine level

09 Understanding why any of the results did not create a close representation of the reference image All Ai platforms have a parameter called “SEED” that represents the close proximity to the orginal image

Other Mid-journey Parameters Mid-journey parameters and command prompts 1. width: --w (setting up the width size of the output image) 2. Aspect Ratio: --ar (Width and height dimensions for the output image) 3. Uplight: --uplight (Blurs the image, less details) 4. High Defination: --HD (more style, less realistic) 5. Image weight: --iw (closeness to the reference image provided) 6. Sameseed: --sameseed (closeness to components of orginal image) 7. Style: --s (The style of mid-journey image renders), 625- less the number, less the style, more the number, more imaginative 60,000 8. Chaos: range: 0-100 ( more abstract with bigger number) --chaos 9. Negative: something you do not want in the image specificly --no (i.e: --no red) 10. Quality: --q (more details provided) range: 0-5 11. video: --video (creates a gif) 12. Title: --tile (creates patterns similar to tiles) (It can read architecture rendering style, such as V-Ray, Octane Render, etc)

Mid-Review Questions and Comments A Turnover Comments: 1. The user approach is very limited. It does not study the physical behavior of the users while selecting the words. Study the gestures and movements.

2. Define the process in detail. How will AI play a crucial role in it?

3. Study the biases of choosing. How do users select?

4. More of user-based approach than artifical intelligence. What if you allow the users to have hands on with the artifical intellgence.

Take Aways and Ideas: What if I take the idea of reference image a step further by creating my own reference image? SKetches- Models- Paintings

AI is eventually all over the world today. Artificial intelligent images are able to convey new architectural designs through the use of words. However, in the process of developing from scratch, designers end up creating a common style of architecture. This style starts to diverge from originality. Through my thesis, I want to enhance my past design proposal using a collaborative approach with the architectural design process and Artificial intelligence. This method integrated with the architecture dictionary will allow an open interpretation of an image.

Statement 4

A collobration with the traditional pre-design process, rather than proving them out-dated.

Image-to-Image Focused

Image to Image: Stable Diffusion Sketches

An experiment to try my sketches as a reference image on artifical intelligent platform, ,mainly Stable Diffusion

An Architecture building Image strength- 70

An Architecture building in NYC Image strength- 70

A contemporary modern architecture building made of trees and mountains

Result Analysis Changing the image strength everytime with same prompt gave amazing results Stable diffusion gave more artistic and abstract designs compared to past studies with mid-journey.

A contemporary modern architecture building A contemporary modern architecture library with chairs made of tree barks and people made of trees and mountains reading books IS- 40

Image-to-Image is a powerful tool, and allows to have a control over the design

A contemporary modern architecture library with chairs made of tree barks and people reading books

Image to Image: Stable Diffusion Models

Realistic Architecture building Image Strength- 30

Realistic Architecture building Image Strength- 80

Realistic Architecture building Image Strength- 70

Realistic Architecture building Image Strength- 50

Realistic Architecture building Image Strength- 40

Refined Thesis- Collobrating traditional design process, such as sketching, modeling, renders with artifical intelligence to provide a new perspective for designers to think